Acts for pressure testing of the heating system. The act of hydraulic testing of the heating system - the result of pressure testing

One of the important stages in the creation and operation of a heat supply system for a building of any purpose is its pressure testing. Its main purpose in the general sense is to check the quality of the installation, i.e. assessment of the performance of all elements and the tightness of existing connections, identification hidden defects followed by their removal. At the end of this type of work, to confirm the readiness of the building for an accident-free heating season, an act of pressure testing of the heating system must be drawn up.

It should be noted that pressure testing is not a single test, it is carried out in the following cases:

• after installation of a new heat supply scheme;
• after repair or replacement of any of the elements;
• after the reconstruction of the system or its separate section;
• after holding in a building of any kind construction works;
• before the beginning heating season.

Picture 1 - Pressure testing of the heating system, as an important measure to check its tightness and performance

Types of tests during pressure testing of heat supply systems

Crimping is, first of all, a test of heating systems with increased pressure created with the help of air or water. Accordingly, there are:

• pneumatic pressure testing - its main purpose is to check the tightness of all connections and the system as a whole; for its implementation, electric or manual pneumatic pumps are used that fill pipelines, radiators and other elements with compressed air;

It should be borne in mind that pneumatic testing is a dangerous process, because. if there is any damage in the system, the air is not only quickly released, but also capable of causing significant damage. In this regard, it is not recommended to increase the pressure more than 0.15 MPa.

• hydropressure - such tests allow you to check the strength of the system, and to create in it overpressure use different kinds hydraulic pumps.

As a rule, the pressure created during hydropressure should exceed the standard operating pressure by 20-30%, and with air - by 40-50%.

The procedure for crimping

1. Before testing, it is recommended to check the condition and performance stop valves; visually assess the quality of existing compounds; isolate the heat supply from the water supply system by means of plugs.
2. Then you need to turn off the boiler and expansion tank and pre-flush pipelines, radiators, etc. from dust, small debris (in the new scheme), from various deposits (in operated systems).
3. During hydraulic tests, the system is filled with water (air pressure testing does not require this operation), a compressor is connected to it, as a rule, to drain cock. After that, the pressure is increased to the required value and its performance is monitored using a pressure gauge.
   The absence of any changes indicates the tightness and the possibility of operating the system. A decrease in pressure above the permissible value indicates the presence of any defects. In a heating circuit filled with water, it is not difficult to determine the locations of leaks. In order to be able to detect damage during air testing, it is recommended to treat all joints and connections with soapy water before starting work.

   The minimum test time for hydraulic pressure testing is 1 hour, for air pressure testing - 20 hours.

4. After troubleshooting, the procedure is repeated. This step is carried out until the system becomes airtight.
5. 5. At the end of all procedures, an act of pressure testing is drawn up.

Picture 2 - A sample of the act of crimping heating system

It should be remembered that it is not recommended to carry out pressure testing on your own, because. this process requires special skills and knowledge (incl. regulatory requirements and documents), as well as compliance with safety measures during testing.

The act of pressing the heating system

The act of pressing is a document that has legal force. He confirms that:

• all work and tests were carried out in full and in accordance with the approved program (it is compiled by an engineer heat supply organization);
• heating equipment is in working order and ready for operation;
• in the event of emergencies, the responsibility lies with one of these parties (or both), which must compensate for the damage caused.

The act contains several points that must be filled out as completely and accurately as possible. Among them should be mentioned:

• name of the object (house, site);
• date and time of pressing;
• tools used for testing;
• system diagnostic parameters (load value, its duration);
• test results;
• information about the repair activities carried out;
• signatures of responsible persons.

Persons responsible for carrying out and results of pressure testing

Pressure testing of heating systems should be carried out:

• a representative of a heat supply organization (inspector, foreman, engineer, technician) who has the necessary verified equipment and act forms;
• representatives of the facility in which the tests are carried out; in apartment buildings- employees management company; in administrative and social facilities - managers and persons from the supervisory organization; in individual buildings - the owners.
• If pressure testing is carried out in a building being put into operation, representatives of the customer and contractor organizations must be included in the commission.

hydrostatic or gauge tests heating systems (pressure testing) must be carried out by organizations responsible for the operation of the building or contractors who carried out the installation of the thermal installation. Upon delivery, for this event, they are presented.

Important! Self-check is allowed heating equipment only a private house.

All technological operations must be carried out by trained personnel with established qualification tolerances, using certified equipment.

To do this, employees are required to undergo training (a special training course for six months) and attestation of knowledge of the rules for the operation of thermal installations and safety (at least once every 3 years, and for personnel directly involved in testing, adjusting and maintaining equipment - 1 time per year).

After completing the training, an extract from the employee testing protocol is issued. It is provided for the admission of personnel of the organization performing the operation, maintenance and pressure testing of thermal installations.

Extract from the protocol of testing workers.

The corresponding columns indicate:

• Full name of the employee;
• date of the previous check;
• date of the current check;
• Assessment of knowledge;
• employee's signature;
• date of the next certification;
• Full name of the members of the selection committee of 3 people (including the engineer of Rostekhnadzor) and their signatures.

The employee is issued a qualification certificate with stamps and marks that he has been trained.

The results of the training are displayed in the log of personal checks of an employee of an organization allowed to perform hydrostatic or manometric tests.

When tests are carried out and confirmation of their results

Pressure testing of heating systems is carried out:

• in the complex for preparing buildings before the start of the heating season;
• after replacement (repair, modernization) of pipelines, radiators, other instruments and equipment;
• when putting the object into operation.

The document confirming the readiness of the systems for operation is the act of hydraulic tests or pneumatic tests (hereinafter referred to as the "Act") filled in in accordance with national requirements. It is issued at the final stage of technological test measures that help identify defects in pipelines and equipment, confirming its standard performance.

What should be in the Act

The Act displays the results of the following actions of the personnel responsible for the verification procedure:

• water or air with special equipment, are injected into pipelines until a certain pressure is reached;
• the system is carefully examined, especially the joints of its elements, for leaks, as well as other defects that can cause interruptions in the operation of thermal equipment;
• measures taken to eliminate defects (if any).

The regulation of hydrotesting of thermal installations is prescribed by the standard SP 73.13330.2012 "Internal sanitary systems of buildings". According to it, test operations are performed as follows:

• The supply of working fluid to the pipelines of the heating system is carried out in stages, with a stepwise increase in pressure, until it reaches the established threshold value. It is recommended that the coolant be injected at intervals of 10 minutes until all air pockets are released.
• The test pressure, controlled by the manometer, is maintained for at least 10 minutes. The test pressure should be 30-50% higher than the working one (depending on the wear of the system), but not higher than the minimum allowable pressure one of the devices. For example, if the building has cast iron radiators, the pressure should not exceed 6 MPa, if steel 10 MPa.
• If pressure testing is carried out in a residential building, residents of the house are warned about the work.
• Characteristic indicators of leaks are a sharp drop in pressure of the working fluid or its gradual decrease by more than 0.2 kg/cm2. As a rule, coolant losses occur at threaded or flanged connections, which are subject to tightening, repacking or replacement of gaskets in them. If it is impossible to eliminate the defect, the unit is rejected and replaced.

Important! Pressure testing is carried out after flushing and hydropneumatic purging of the system. Otherwise, deposits inside the pipes can hide possible leaks. Also, it is worth considering that if you do not carry out measures to clean the pipes from deposits, the heat transfer coefficient of the system will decrease significantly.

Rules for filling out the Act

The heat supply organization is responsible for filling out the pressure test report.

A cap

• filling in the heading of the Act begins with the exact name of the tested thermal system ( this information contained in its working documentation, project);
• the full name of the object served by the thermal installation is entered. It can be found in the building permit or in its design estimates;
• information is entered on the locality, the date of the test / approval of the Act (if no defects were found and the documentation is drawn up on the day of the test events).

Composition of the commission

The data of all members of the selection committee are indicated. It includes representatives of the general contractor, the customer and the organization that carried out the work. The representative of each of the parties must provide information about the name of his organization, the position he holds in it, as well as his surname and initials.

Inspection and results

• The data of the design organization and the code of the project are entered, according to which the structure was erected and installed engineering Communication in particular the heating system.
• The test method is indicated - hydrostatic or manometric (pneumatic pressure testing). Further, data on operating parameters: pressure in the pipeline (in one of the units of measurement - MPa or kg / cm2), the time during which the system was under pressure.
• The value of the pressure drop during the test period is entered (in MPa or kg/cm2).
• The absence or quantity, as well as the location of defects detected during the test or after it, is indicated. Instructions for the elimination of defects are entered directly into the act or in addition to the accumulative statement.

Commission decision and signatures

Based on the information received, the selection committee decides whether the this system heating industry standards and design indicators. It is concluded whether the system passed the test or not. According to the identified defects, an order is given for their elimination with an indication of the time for the implementation of repair measures.

No one can deny the need for a heating system in a house or apartment in our latitudes, when autumn and winter are especially cold. The most common and most exploited is the heating system, which provides for the circulation of the coolant through the pipes. For the smooth operation of the system, preventive and control measures are provided to help monitor the normal operation of the system.

What is pressure testing of a heating system

To determine the readiness of the heating system for operation of the equipment and circuits that have been installed, it is necessary to carry out hydraulic tests. After carrying out the necessary checks, a pressing act is drawn up. In other words, pressure testing is a set of measures to check the system, which determine how tight the heating system is.

When the service heating system is ready for delivery, the initial installation must be completed.

Pressure testing must be carried out before the start of the heating season. Checking is also necessary if repair or maintenance work was carried out on pipelines. It often happens that pipes "break through". For their quality repair it is necessary to identify the weakest parts of the system and draw up a plan repair work.

Pressing process:

• Into the heating system high pressure pump air or water, while using a hydraulic or pneumatic pump.
• This process allows you to identify the place where the tightness has been broken, which means that air or water has entered the outside.
• The artificial method allows simulating situations when critical values ​​act on the heating system.
• During the inspection work, healthy systems are not exposed to any risk.

For check autonomous system heating in a multi-storey building most often use a compressor. The check is done using pneumatic pressure testing so that water does not seep into the floors below. Each heating system is unique, therefore, before carrying out verification work, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the characteristic features of a particular system.

Act of pressure testing of the water supply system: how to flush

Each heating system has characteristics which must be taken into account when performing crimping. It is important to correctly calculate the possible pressure formed during the crimping procedure. You should carefully familiarize yourself with the type of wiring of the heating system, the characteristics of the pipes (you need to take into account their age, wall thickness, material of manufacture). You also need to take into account the number of floors and the characteristics of the reinforcement.

It is necessary to carry out pressure testing only when the parameters of the heating system are determined.

The basis of the control and verification measures includes the preparation of equipment, the draining of the old coolant (if it is to be replaced), the launch of a test coolant into the system, and the creation of pressure. system flaws and damaged areas should be repaired immediately. When the detected damage is eliminated, it is necessary to re-pressurize.

How to pre-flush pipes:

• Turn off the heating system: you need to stop the water supply, and then remove the coolant.
• If tests are carried out on a system that has been in use for a long time, the pipes of the heating circuit must be flushed.
• Pipes must be freed from scale, remove rust, salt and other deposits from them.

It should be noted that the presence of even the thinnest growths can indicate that. The system is not functioning efficiently. Various contaminants contribute to a decrease in the diameter of the pipes through which the coolant circulates. Growths and rust lead to too much load on the heating pump and boiler. All these factors contribute to the fact that the heating system becomes inefficient and costly.

How to do it right: the act of pressure testing of the heating main

The operation to control the integrity of the entire heating line is called pressure testing. The operation is usually performed on a relatively small plot pipeline. This section is isolated from the main line, subjected to tests with increased pressure not exceeding the permissible limits.

For pressure testing of the heating main, the method of pumping a large water or air volume into separate pipe, which creates a level of critical pipeline pressure.

The system is considered serviceable if it maintains its tightness during the test. But if the system is broken, and a weak spot is found, then the entire section of the faulty pipe must be repaired. Pressure testing is necessary to test all new plumbing and old systems.

How to make crimping:

• Overlap and seal the area to be repaired.
• Close the supporting reinforcement (shut off all valves and taps). It is important to do this at both ends of the site.
• Make a source connection to create required pressure. To do this, use a special pressure test pump or a conventional pump responsible for the circulation of the coolant in the system.
• For pressure testing, special taps are used, mounted on each radiator.
• It is possible to pressurize the water supply through the branch pipe, where both hot and cold water are connected.

Many test indicators depend on how durable the pump will be. A pump with low power will increase the test time. A weak pressurizer will not be able to quickly cope with filling the overall pipe with the necessary air volume. Change results not in better side there may be leaky joints.

Form and act of pressure testing of the air conditioning system

The air conditioning system must be strong and tight. For pressure testing of the system, nitrogen is used with a minimum amount of impurities. This nitrogen is in cylinders. Cannot be used for verification. compressed air, because it contains a large number of moisture.

When pressure testing is carried out using nitrogen, the cylinder is connected to the freon line through a reducer, which monitors the pressure drop.

If they change external conditions to make a quick estimate, you can use a correction factor. If during the correction check temperature regime, found a decrease in pressure, proceed to check potential weak points: detachable solder joints, plugs, rolling. Leaks can be found with easy way soaping.

In what situation is crimping done:

• When installing a new system;
• After repair and before starting the system;
• For preventive purposes.

Pressure testing is carried out in order to identify problems in the system in time and solve them. A sample of the act of crimping can be found and downloaded on the Internet. The filling form for all checks is standard, but it is important to consider quality characteristics each system.

The form of the act of pressure testing of the heating system (video)

Pressure testing of the heating system is a very important stage, during which problems can be identified and quickly eliminated. It is important to check before starting the system and after repairing it. It is especially important to fix problems as they are discovered.

The act of pressure testing of the heating system is an important document, which is the result of hydraulic testing and a guarantee of the normal functioning of one of the main life support systems of Russians in the cold season.

FILES

In what cases is

The act is required for:

• Commissioning of new equipment. The act will confirm that each element is in its place, the installation was carried out responsibly, the system is working.
• The onset of the heating season. After a summer break in operation, the pipes could fail. After checking them bandwidth and an act is drawn up.
• Repairs already carried out.
• The occurrence of stopped emergency situations on the pipeline. Experts thus reveal the volume necessary work, weak points of the existing heating network.

For the uninterrupted operation of the heating system, control preventive checks are necessary, reliable information about the quality functioning of the system at startup.

Who produces

Independently, private individuals never carry out pressure testing of the heating system, as this is associated with a risk to health. Crimping requires specific skills and knowledge.

Therefore, to carry out a heating check, they turn to specialized organizations. It could be a heating company. A service company also has the right to carry out such work if its staff has a specialist with suitable education and skills.

The essence and types of crimping

Now heating is most often carried out by a "water circuit" system. At the same time, heated water circulates through labor, communicating its thermal energy to the premises. Leaks are not allowed, pipeline for normal operation must be completely sealed. Crimping, on the other hand, specifically creates a volume in the pipe that is larger than normal.

When this is done with the help of air, it is called pneumatic pressing.

When using water, then hydropressing. The last way considered safer and therefore more popular. For this reason, an example of hydropressure is given as a blank.

When testing, it is recommended not to exceed the pressure inside the pipe by more than 15 MPa. When it comes to raising pressure with water, then there are limitations. The maximum possible pressure should not exceed the usual working pressure by more than 30%.

AT high-rise buildings they resort to pneumatic pressure testing if the pipes are very old and there is a possibility of flooding. But then there is a level of risk and all residents should be notified of the tests being carried out.

The work process is simple, but multi-stage. The algorithm looks like this:

• Getting ready necessary materials and equipment.
• Draining the liquid that was in the heating system earlier.
• Uploading a new one.
• Creating the highest possible test pressure.
• Withdrawal control measurements after 10 minutes.
• Flushing, adjustment of the heating system to normal pressure inside.
• Documenting work carried out, the formation of reports and acts.

But the list of procedures looks like this only if there are no “thin spots” in the heating system and, accordingly, the tightness in it is not broken. If the pressure drops quickly, does not hold, then the system needs to be repaired. In such a situation, the specialist performs the necessary actions (replacing the pipe, sealing the joints, cleaning, etc.), and then starts the pressure test from the very beginning. Only a heating system that has passed the test is admitted to the heating season.

An important nuance! Pressure testing should be carried out after cleaning and flushing the pipes. Otherwise, salt and other deposits inside them can mask possible external damage and breakthroughs.

If on inner surface there are deposits of the order of 1 cm, this reduces the overall heat transfer and efficiency by 15 or more percent of overall indicators. To document the cleaning, a special act is also drawn up.

Is paper mandatory

The given form and sample are an example, a recommended form for drawing up an act, but by no means a mandatory document for all. Perhaps, in some cases, other options for fixing the work being done to check utility systems will be more convenient. By the way, also by hydraulic test, the hot water system is checked.

Components of the act of pressure testing of the heating system

At the top left, information about the organization that conducted the check is indicated. Ideally, there should be a signature for approval by the chief power engineer of the heat supply organization.

At the top right should contain information about the subscriber. That is, who is the client and consumer of heating services. This may be a partnership of residents of a particular house, some organization that occupies the building, the owner of a private house, etc.

It is important that names and other information be accurate and detailed. In this case, an address is required.

The main part of the act states:

• City.
• The number of signing the act (and the crimping itself).
• Heat supply organization: its form of ownership, name, full name of the representative.
• Which of the representatives of the subscriber carried out the acceptance of the heating system after the test: full name, position.
• To what indicators the pressure in the system was raised, kgf / cm2 are indicated.
• To what indicators did it fall after 10 minutes following the shutdown (the units of measurement here are also kgf / cm2, it is also permissible to measure it in MPa if there are accurate data on this).
• The system passed or did not pass the test (the filler needs to underline the correct option).

The final part consists of signatures and seals (if any) of representatives of:

• Subscriber.
• Heat supply organization.
• Service organization.

In general, the act of pressure testing the heating system is convenient primary document, for which the heat supply organization is responsible.

After completion of work related to pressure testing of the heating system, a special document is drawn up confirming that the heat supply structure is ready for winter. There is a special form for this. It is called the act of pressure testing the heating system.

The main task of this type plumbing work- this is a test of the quality of the assembly of the pipeline, determining how ready it is for operation, checking the tightness of all joints. When detecting defects that were not visible during external examination, they should be eliminated.

Crimping is considered milestone arrangement of heat supply in buildings of various purposes.

This work is performed in certain situations:

• before the beginning of the autumn - winter season;
• after the completion of the installation of a new heating circuit;
• when the repair or reconstruction of the entire heating main or its section is completed;
• after construction work carried out in the building.

Types of crimping

This process is a test of a heat supply system, which involves increasing the pressure in the pipeline by injecting air or liquid, while distinguishing between:

1. Hydraulic pressure testing, performed using pumps that supply water to the system. As a result, information is obtained regarding its strength.
2. Pneumatic pressure testing, which allows assessing the tightness of the joints of the structure as a whole. It is performed using electrical or hand pumps forcing air into pipes.

The pneumatic test is considered the most dangerous of them, and this circumstance must be taken into account, since the injected air, in the presence of any damage, will not only quickly exit, but there will also be a possibility of gusts. Experts advise not to exceed the supply air pressure over 0.15 MPa.

According to technical standards, when using the hydraulic method, the injected pressure cannot exceed the working pressure by 20 - 30% and by 40-50% during the pneumatic test. This figure is indicated in the act on the pressure test of the heating system.

The sequence of pressure testing of the heating system

This type of work must be planned in advance and therefore, before they are carried out, appropriate documentation is drawn up:

1. Attire - a permit signed by a responsible person of the organization serving the heating network.
2. A diagram of the sections of the heating main where the test will be carried out, indicating the places of pressure release.
3. List of employees authorized to conduct tests, including the responsible officer.
4. A diagram of the location of specialists in the area being checked, indicating the means providing communication between them.
5. Description of the methodology for performing tests and processing the data obtained.

Before you run pump equipment, perform a visual inspection of the connections and the state in which they are shut-off valves. Also, in order to isolate the heating system from the water supply pipeline, plugs are installed.

Then, according to the procedure, turn off the heating boiler and expansion tank, no more than once in 4 - 6 years, pipes are flushed from deposits and debris. This procedure should be performed, otherwise, due to the presence of a thick layer of plaque on the inner surface of the pipeline, its thermal conductivity is significantly reduced. Washing is carried out different ways depending on the technical condition heating structure.

When carrying out hydropressure, the washed system is filled with water, after which a compressor is connected to the drain valve. The pressure is raised to the required value and the readings on the pressure gauge are observed. When there are no weak points in the pipes, which usually immediately leak, the device will not notice significant pressure fluctuations. In the event of a strong drop in this indicator, a leak should be found, which is easy to do.

Pneumopressure is performed using a special pump. To make it easier to find defects in the joints, they must be applied before testing. soap solution. The pump is connected to the system and air is forced into the pipes. The subsequent steps are similar to those during hydropressure. At the same time, it is necessary to remember about safety precautions.

When ruptures or fragility of connections are found, defects should be eliminated and then re-checked. This procedure is repeated until the system is completely sealed.

Crimping is carried out by specialists of organizations that have access, appropriate knowledge and skills. They must be able to follow the sequence of work activities while ensuring safety. In conclusion, fill out the form of the act of pressure testing of the heating system.

Documentation of the work performed - act

The act of pressing is an official document with legal force, confirming that:

• tests were carried out in full according to the program developed by the engineer, in accordance with current regulations;
• the heat supply system is in working condition and prepared for operation;
• when emergency during heating period one of the parties or both will be responsible for it, and the culprit will compensate for the damage.

In the form of an act for hydraulic testing of the heating system, there are columns that are filled out completely and as accurately as possible.

They indicate:

• name of the checked object;
• date and time of the test;
• test area, which can be, for example, a heating main or a separate unit;
• used devices;
• results visual inspection joints, seams, etc.;
• the value of the working pressure and the load on the system and the duration of the tests;
• values ​​on the pressure gauge at the end of the test;
• the magnitude of the pressure drop;
• information on the elimination of leaks and other defects;
• conclusion that the system is ready for operation;
• signatures of authorized persons.

The act of pressure testing of the heating main is signed on the day when the system was tested. This document must be endorsed responsible persons the enterprise that carried out the work, as well as the technical supervision authority and the management company.