Rosehip in the country: basic rules for planting and caring for the bush. Terry rose hips - a beautiful “decoration” for the garden

Rosehip is a wild rose bush that grows to a height of 2m with drooping and straight branches. The shape of the bush can be tall, triangular, and some species resemble the shape of a pillow.. But they are all very decorative during the flowering period. Let's take a closer look at the biological description and varieties of Rose Hips and figure out what it is - a tree or a shrub.

Tree or shrub

Wikipedia says that Rosehip is a deciduous shrub with straight or creeping branches. Depending on natural conditions or bush care, he grows on different heights, but not more than 3 m.

Other sources also say that it is a shrub of varying heights and does not have a central trunk so that it can be classified as a tree.

Useful features

Rose hips contain many vitamins and other useful substances. And therefore the plant has many features:

1. Prepared from fruits– teas, pastes, jams, compotes, sweets and much more.
2. From- making jam.
3. Fruits in Slovenia added to wine and give it a special taste.
4. Young shoots were eaten in the Caucasus, and young shoots sheet plates brewed into tea.
5. Pharmacological factories make various vitamins, syrups, extracts.

Popular varieties

Rose hips have many species and varieties that are used in gardening, planted as bushes or used for rootstock, growing decorative varietal roses. Some varieties below are especially popular among flower lovers.

Daursky

IN wildlife it can be found at Far East. Has erect branches 1.5 m high. The flowers are dark pink up to 4 cm in diameter.

This variety produces many root cuttings for propagation.

Spiny

This type Rose hips can withstand frosts down to – 40 degrees. The height of the bush is 1-3 m, the berries are average 1.5 cm long.

Berries of this type contain more vitamin C than other types.

Prickly

The main difference from other species is the white flowers that bloom in the spring. Wherein The fruits, when ripe, acquire a dark blue, almost black color. Flowering occurs at the end of May.

May (cinnamon)

This type of rosehip grows in middle lane Russia. The favorite habitat of shrubs is floodplains, where they can form impenetrable thickets. Flowering begins in May and lasts 15 days, the flowers are simple, pink. At the end of summer, bright red fruits grow in their place, and the bush looks very beautiful. The height of the bush varies depending on its habitat. In partial shade it can reach a height of 2 m, and in sunny, dry areas 120 cm is the limit of its growth.

The main difference from other varieties is the small thorns at the base of the branches.

Wrinkly

It grows in the wild in Russia in the Far East. The shape of the bush can be varied, but the most common form is one that spreads along the ground. Flowers appear on the bush throughout the summer and they are quite large and bright pink..

In autumn, this variety is covered not only with orange berries, but also with beautiful orange foliage.

Gray

Grows in the European part of Russia. The height of the bush is 3 m and the shoots have a bluish color. The flowers are small, pink and collected in inflorescences from 3 to 15 pieces.

The variety is suitable for creating a hedge.

Canine

It grows in the black earth regions of Europe and Russia. This type of Rosehip is often used as a rootstock for growing cultivated roses.. Absolutely unpretentious and frost-resistant, withstands almost any frost. IN natural conditions This is a powerful bush with thorns on the stems, which are not often located. Blooms briefly, pale pink flowers In August, elongated red fruits appear in place of flowers.

Apple

This type of Rosehip got its name from its fruits, which ripen in August. They are large and resemble small wild apples. At the same time, their color is yellow at first, and then they begin to blush on one side and they turn out to be miniature apples.

It is distributed only in the south of Russia, and even there, in winters with little snow, it manages to freeze slightly.

Planting and caring for Rose Hips

Planting in a summer cottage

Rose hips can be planted in the spring before the leaf buds break or in the fall when the hot season subsides. You need to choose a place with plenty of sunlight.

Soil preparation and planting

The soil must be sufficiently fertile. Ideally, it will be loam or have a slightly acidic reaction. If the groundwater in the area is very close to the surface of the earth, then when planting a seedling, a drainage cushion is made of crushed stone.

The thickness of the pillow should be 20 cm.

Before you dig landing hole size 60x60 cm, the soil must be cleared of different types of weeds. After this, the soil is dug up onto the bayonet of a shovel and holes are prepared.

Features of correct landing

In order for the bush to take root, you need to follow some recommendations for planting Rosehip seedlings:

1. At the bottom of the pit they make small hill from nutritious soil.
2. Fine spilled water.
3. A seedling is placed on it and straighten the root system in different directions.
4. The soil dug out of the hole is mixed with humus and the root system is sprinkled, at the same time squeezing the soil with your hands to get rid of the emptiness in the ground.
5. The distance between planted seedlings should be not less than 130 cm.

In order for the Rosehip bush to take root well, its root system is shortened by one third of its length.

Proper care after planting

To obtain big harvest Rose hips need to take certain measures to care for them.

Watering is done regularly. Stopping it only during rains. In their absence, water the bush with 30 liters of water once every two weeks. If the bush is in the fruiting stage, then it is necessary to pour 50 liters of water under the bush.

Loosening the soil around the planted Rosehip bush, carried out after each watering or rainfall, so that there is air access to the root system. Simultaneously with loosening, sprouted weeds are also removed.

Trimming

This is an important event when growing this crop. The first pruning should be done after the seedling is planted in the ground.. All branches are cut off, leaving only the three strongest ones, and they are shortened by one third.

Any pruning should be done with garden pruning shears to reduce the risk of damaging the branches of the bush.

The second pruning is carried out in the spring, two years later.. At this time, all branches that are broken or frozen in winter are removed at the root. The remaining branches are cut at a height of 25 cm.

Approximately After five years, the bush must be thinned annually, cutting out several branches at the root. Because Rosehip branches well and the bush will be very thick. This will prevent the formation of flower buds, and, consequently, the number of ripening fruits will decrease.

How to prepare for winter

Since this plant has great winter hardiness, most varieties do not need shelter for the winter. But there are regions in Russia that experience long-term winter cold spells, then you can resort to this method:

• Trim the bush to a height of 30 cm;
• Sprinkle leaves on it and put the spruce branches;
• Cover the top lutrasil.

Do all this when the weather gets really cold.

Reproduction

Rose hips can be propagated in various ways, but seed ones are not in great demand, since you have to wait a long time for fruiting.

The seeds are collected in August and extracted from the fruits. After washing warm water they are dried and planted in September on a prepared bed. Seal them to a depth of 2 cm.

In the spring, when the snow melts, young Rosehip seedlings will appear from under the ground.

Green cuttings are done in this way:

1. Cuttings are cut with pruning shears, making an oblique cut.
2. Envelop anyone growth stimulator roots.
3. Planted in containers and water when dry.
4. In a month and a half seedlings are ready for planting at the main place of residence.

Propagated by layering in spring, bending the flexible young shoot to the ground and pinning it for good fixation. After a month, with good soil moisture, the shoot will develop its own root system.

Monitor watering at this time so that the soil does not dry out.

Diseases and pests

Rose hips are sometimes affected by aphids or scale insects. Since the bush has a large vegetative mass, it is cut off at the root, and the stumps are treated with a solution of Actellik, diluted according to the instructions.

If the region experiences a long rainy season and any fungal diseases, then it is cut off in the same way, leaving 30 cm above the soil surface and treated with any fungicides.

In this case, burn the cut branches outside the site.

We can talk about Rosehip for a long time, although sometimes some gardeners treat it with noticeable disdain. Although it serves as a wonderful medicinal source, works as a good rootstock for garden roses.

Ordinary rose hips have many beneficial and medicinal properties; they contain many vitamins, especially vitamin C, carotene, vitamins B, PP and K. The berries are rich in mineral and organic salts, pectins and organic acids. This article is all about the benefits of rose hips, possible harm when using it, contraindications for various diseases, photos.

Rose hips: varieties, varieties, appearance

In nature, there are about 50 species of rose hips, all of them are represented by tall, spreading bushes with thorns on their stems. Other names for rose hips are “wild rose”; "dog rose"; "cinnamon rose"

Rosehip berries

The shrub blooms with fragrant flowers of white, pink or lilac color. The beginning of flowering usually occurs in the first half of May and can last until the beginning of summer in different areas Russia. Useful fruits ripen closer to autumn. Bright red berries elongated shape drooping thorny branches thickly cover the area. Rose hips are a storehouse of vitamins, they have medicinal properties and are often used for treatment various diseases, but at the same time they have a number of contraindications.

Proper collection of medicinal rose hips

All parts of rose hips have medicinal properties, but they are harvested at different times of the year. The roots of the plant begin to be harvested at the beginning of spring; Young shoots and leaves must be collected at the end of May. Petals from rosehip flowers are collected before they begin to wilt. Ripe berries, fully colored, are harvested from autumn until the first frost.

Important! For long-term storage It is important to properly dry the plant material.

Medicinal properties of rose hips

• Normalization of the immune system of the human body.
• Treatment of blood vessel diseases.
• Restoration of energy metabolism.
• Improving the functioning of the nervous system, relieving stress, improving sleep.
• Regeneration and protection of body cells.
• Treatment of arthritis and arthrosis.
• Prevention of cancer.
• Treatment of a number of genitourinary diseases.

To improve the functioning of the digestive system, there is a proven recipe: one tsp. dry rosehip petals are steamed hot water, leave for about 5 minutes. Take the infusion for flatulence, hernias, heartburn, pain in the area of ​​the stomach and esophagus, 1 cup after meals.

An infusion of 10 g of dry rosehip petals brewed with boiling water helps relieve inflammation from the eyes. The infusion is kept for about 10 minutes, then a sterile napkin is soaked in the solution and a compress is applied to the eyes.

A mild laxative can be prepared from dry rose hip leaves, for which 70 g of the raw material is steamed with a glass of boiling water, but an infusion of rose hips, evaporated over low heat in a glass of water, can easily help stop diarrhea. The 2/3 of the liquid remaining after evaporation is taken to stop diarrhea.

A nutritious infusion of rose hips for healing the body can be easily prepared in a thermos, for which the washed berries are poured with boiling water in a proportion of 1 tbsp. l. berries for 1 tbsp. boiling water

Advice! Sugar should not be added to the infusion; it is better to use natural honey. To prepare rosehip infusions, you should not use boiling water to brew the berries - this destroys vitamin C.

Rosehip decoction prepared in a thermos can be used for treatment, as well as to increase vitality.

Rosehip as a means of enhancing male health

There is an opinion that rosehip helps with the decline of male body functions, increases potency and helps men's health.

Recipe for the treatment of prostatitis. First you need to prepare 1 liter of rosehip infusion. Add 50 g of burdock roots to the infusion while heating the liquid in a water bath. After 10 minutes of heating, the decoction is infused for 3 hours, then the liquid is filtered. Take 30 g before meals for a month, break for a month, then repeat the treatment.

Preparing the infusion in a water bath helps preserve maximum beneficial properties.

Recipe for increasing potency. A decoction of hawthorn in rosehip infusion will help harmonize men's health and increase potency. The liquid with rose hips (1 glass) is evaporated in a water bath, infused for an hour, filtered and taken before meals at regular intervals.

For what diseases is rose hips contraindicated?

Despite all positive traits, all parts of rosehip can be harmful in certain diseases, therefore, when treating with rosehip preparations, you should definitely obtain prior consultation and permission from a doctor.

Harm during treatment with rosehip preparations containing large amounts of ascorbic acid is observed in peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum, as well as in various types gastritis.

It is worth limiting the intake of rosehip infusions and decoctions during pregnancy - an overdose can cause a miscarriage.

After consuming rosehip infusions, you should immediately rinse your mouth with plain water; concentrated infusions can harm tooth enamel.

It is not allowed to use rosehip and to be treated with its preparations in the presence of vascular diseases (thrombophlebitis), heart dystrophy, poor blood clotting, or liver inflammation.

Does a decoction of rosehip roots affect performance deterioration? excretory system(constipation); slows down the secretion of bile; affects the balanced functioning of the pancreas.

Self-medication is dangerous, even if the usual berries and herbs are used instead of medicine.

Useful properties of rose hips: video

Rosehip for health: photo

The beneficial properties and contraindications of rose hips have long been studied in folk medicine. It’s not for nothing that people call this shrub “the doctor of the forest.” Rose hips are a storehouse of vitamins and microelements, useful biologically active substances. Therefore, it is so valued in traditional medicine and is used in the treatment of many diseases. In the old days, this was the first salvation from scurvy. Rose hips were highly valued and were exchanged for jewelry, expensive fabrics and furs. Today, the fruits of this plant are also widely used in confectionery and alcoholic beverage production. They are used to make marshmallows, jelly, marmalade, sweets, liqueurs, and fortified lollipops. Also without fragrance wild rose the perfume industry is not spared. Decoctions, infusions, rosehip oil are a valuable cosmetic product.

Features of a medicinal plant

May rosehip. Botanical illustration from the book “Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz” by O. V. Thome, 1885.

This medicinal plant- “pride” of Russian flora. It is prepared not only by experienced herbalists and healers, but also by people who are completely far from traditional medicine. Everyone knows that rose hips are rich in vitamin C.

Area

Rose hip - perennial shrub occupies a wide range. Many of its species are endemic - they can only be seen in a limited range. Rose hips can be found throughout Europe, in the Crimea and the Caucasus. Many of its species grow in Siberia, Baikal, Altai, Kamchatka, Japan and China. Some are found in the Pamirs, the Himalayas and the Tien Shan. This shrub grows in Central Asia, India, Pakistan, northern Africa, North America. Some varieties can be seen in Australia and New Zealand. Loves sparse deciduous, coniferous, mixed forests, woodlands, and plantings. It takes root well in the forest-steppe zone, found along roads and rivers, on plains and meadows, in ravines. It can also be seen on rocky cliffs; in the mountains it grows at an altitude of up to 2200 m above sea level. It is noteworthy that the fruits of shrubs growing in the northern regions and central zone contain more vitamin C.

Rosehip cinnamon, or May. Dog rose, or dog rose.
Rosehip wrinkled.

Types of rose hips

Dahurian rose hips, or Daurian rose.

The variety of species of this plant is amazing. Among them there are dwarf bushes up to 30 cm, and huge tree-like shrubs reaching a height of 10 m. About 200 species of rose hips are described in detail. They are divided into 9 varietal groups. Many shrubs have healing properties - wrinkled, loose, Daurian, spiny, Beggera, Alberta, Fedchenko, Webb and others. However, among them there are species especially rich in vitamin C, which belong to the cinnamon section. They are widely used in folk and traditional medicine.

• Rosehip cinnamon or May. Reaches a height of 2 m. The branches are brown with a reddish tint, shiny. Non-flowering stems have thin and straight thorns, while flowering ones have denser and curved thorns. The leaves on the stems (5 or 7 pairs each) are oval, medium-sized, dark green or light green above, depending on the place of growth, bluish below. Large single flowers can be different shades- from pale pink to dark red.
• Dog rose, or dog rose. Similar to the cinnamon rose hip, but the bush is taller and spreading. It has many varieties, the fruits differ in shape and color. Widespread in the European part. This shrub is well known in Ukraine; most of it comes from here. folk names- thorn, thorn, glog, dog rose, shipshina.

The average lifespan of a shrub is 40 years. However, there are also “long-livers” among them. The oldest wild rose in Europe grows in Germany. Its height is 13 m, trunk girth is 50 cm, its estimated age is from 400 to 1000 years.

Blank

Not only the fruits, but also the roots, seeds, leaves, and rosehip flowers are considered valuable in the bush. But still, when it comes to the preparation of this medicinal raw material, we mean berries.

• When are rose hips harvested? Fruit harvesting time is autumn (September-October). Collect before the first frost. Frozen black rosehip loses its healing power and quickly deteriorates. The fruits should be firm, without black spots, bright red or orange in color, which indicates their ripeness.
• How to collect and dry rose hips? When collecting, you need to wear gloves to avoid pricking your hands. It is important to remove whole berries and not crush them. The collected fruits must be dried as quickly as possible, otherwise the beneficial properties of rose hips will be lost. The fruits are dried in an oven or a special dryer with good ventilation to evaporate moisture at a temperature of 80°C. The berries need to be stirred so that they do not burn. Properly dried fruits should not be dark; they acquire a dark red color, a pleasant aroma, do not stick together, and do not stain your hands.
• How to store? Dried rose hips are packaged in linen bags. Protect from dampness and store for 2 years.

In Europe and Asia, the shrub is cultivated for industrial purposes. Typically, May rosehip is grown on plantations, which produces high yields.

Healing effect

Medicinal properties of rose hips:

• hemostatic;
• immunostimulating;
• vasodilator;
• vaso-strengthening;
• diaphoretic;
• antidiabetic;
• bronchodilator;
• diuretic;
• secretory;
• antiseptic;
• astringent;
• anti-inflammatory;
• wound healing;
• regenerating;
• antiscorbutic.

Chemical composition:

• vitamin C, or ascorbic acid;
• other vitamins: A, E, K, P, group of vitamins B;
• rich composition of minerals;
• pectins;
• citric, oleic, malic, linoleic and other useful acids;
• Sahara;
• phytoncides;
• wax;
• flavonoids;
• carotenoids;
• pigments;
• essential, fatty oil;
• tannins.

Most vitamin C is found in ripe dried fruits. In fresh berries its content is lower. Rose hips are a natural multivitamin complex in our region. That is why it is so valued in pharmacology and scientific medicine.

List of indications

For what diseases is this medicinal plant prescribed?

• Gastrointestinal tract. People have long known that rose hips are a useful medicine for the liver, stomach, gallbladder, bile ducts, and intestines. They treat gastritis with low acidity, gastric and duodenal ulcers, ulcerative colitis, cholelithiasis. It is given for diarrhea, to normalize digestion, and stimulate intestinal motility.
• urinary system. This mild diuretic helps with kidney pyelonephritis, cystitis, urolithiasis, and kidney stones.
• Metabolism. The product stimulates the production of hormones, has antidiabetic properties, and reduces blood sugar levels. It is also prescribed to normalize metabolic processes, for weight loss, and to remove excess fluid.
• The cardiovascular system. Decoctions and infusions of this medicinal plant normalize blood circulation, prevent the development of atherosclerosis, and are good for the heart. However, they are contraindicated in heart failure and endocarditis. It is prescribed for permeability, fragility of blood vessels, and high cholesterol in the blood.
• Hematopoiesis. Rose hips are often prescribed for anemia to stimulate hematopoiesis. He is recommended physically weak people, adolescents, patients who have undergone surgery. Vitamin K promotes blood clotting, so the product is effective for various types bleeding - uterine, nasal, intestinal, pulmonary, kidney, stomach ulcer. Some herbalists write about the successful treatment of blood cancer with rose hips.
• Nervous system . It is useful to drink for neuroses, irritability, constant stress, severe fatigue and drowsiness.
• Musculoskeletal system. The high content of vitamin C in this plant helps remove salts from the body. It is drunk for gout to reduce salt deposits, relieve inflammation, swelling and pain due to rheumatism.
• External use. Vitamin C promotes rapid regeneration of soft and bone tissues, acts as an antiseptic and wound healing agent, and relieves swelling. The plant has a wide range of external uses: wounds, fractures, bruises, tumors, burns, trophic ulcers, bedsores, cracked lips, nipples, rectum. It is used in dermatology for eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis of various natures, and erysipelas. Bites are also treated with its infusions. poisonous insects and snakes.
• Antioxidant. Removes radionuclides, heavy metals, toxins and waste. Thanks to vitamin C, it belongs to the group of antioxidant herbal preparations. Helps with various types of intoxication that occur with high temperature and dehydration, food, chemical, alcohol poisoning, radiation.
• Prevention of scurvy and vitamin deficiency. Rosehip - the most popular and affordable folk remedy for the prevention of spring vitamin deficiency. In unfavorable conditions and with insufficient nutrition, it helps get rid of scurvy, supports the immune system, and improves vision. It is also taken to support the body during ARVI, colds, flu, bronchitis, pneumonia, and tuberculosis.

About use for hypertension

Does rosehip increase blood pressure? In herbalists you can read information that this medicinal plant normalizes blood circulation and acts as a vasodilator. However, its pharmacological action depends on the dosage form. Alcohol tinctures are indicated for hypotensive patients, that is, they contribute to an increase in blood pressure. Rosehip lowers blood pressure if prepared in the form of teas, infusions, decoctions, and compotes. It can be taken in complex therapy for hypertension. It is necessary to consult a doctor before starting treatment. You also need to know that with long-term use of this remedy, withdrawal syndrome may occur, that is, if rose hips are abruptly withdrawn, blood pressure may increase.

What are the contraindications of rose hips? Vitamin K increases blood clotting, so the drug is strictly prohibited for thrombophlebitis. Also, it should not be drunk in any form if you have gastritis with increased acidity, endocarditis, individual intolerance, damage to tooth enamel, acute forms of gastrointestinal diseases. Overdose and long-term use can lead to liver dysfunction, withdrawal syndrome, and an allergic reaction in the form of itching, swelling, and urticaria.

Features of the use and preparation of rose hips

Fruits, leaves, seeds, flowers and roots are used to prepare medicines. Various are prepared from them dosage forms. Many drugs can be purchased at the pharmacy - dried fruits, tea, oil, syrup. And some prepare it at home - decoctions, infusions, tinctures, juice.

Dosage forms

• . Widely used in cosmetology, it has anti-aging, whitening, toning, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic effects. It is also taken orally as a choleretic, tonic. Used for local treatment in dentistry, otolaryngology, dermatology. Contraindicated for oral administration during pregnancy and children under 12 years of age.
• Tea . It is sold in the pharmacy in the form of filter bags (usually 2 bags per glass of boiling water). Rose hips also make good vitamin teas with the addition of berries and leaves of black currant, hawthorn, raspberries, and blueberries.
• Decoction. Prepare at home using pharmacy or your own prepared raw materials. Medicinal decoctions are obtained from the fruits, which are taken for all of the above indications. Decoctions from leaves - good remedy for flatulence, cramps, colic of the stomach and intestines. For dysentery it has an astringent effect. Decoctions from the root help with inflammation of the joints, gout, rheumatism, weakness and muscle pain, paralysis, convulsions, as well as stones in the gall, bladder, and kidneys. Read more about using rosehip root. Seed decoctions are a good remedy for the prevention of colds and kidney stones.
• Infusion. Prepared for water based and used in the same way as decoctions. Infusions are usually not boiled. The berries are poured with boiling water and infused. An infusion, like compote and tea, is a good general tonic. It can be taken long-term in prophylactic doses during the cold season.
• . It can be purchased at the pharmacy (the syrup version is “Holosas”), but it is also prepared at home. Most often prescribed for diseases of the gallbladder and liver, for colds, viral infections, fatigue, exhaustion, for the prevention of vitamin deficiency, normalization of metabolic processes in the body, cleansing of toxins and waste. Often prescribed to young children and pregnant women. Besides general contraindications there is one more thing - diabetes(due to the sugar content in the preparation).

Rosehip juice is rarely prepared due to the difficulty of separating the prickly seeds of the fruit. They should not be allowed to enter the gastrointestinal tract. In terms of vitamin C content, fresh juice is inferior to decoctions and infusions that are prepared from dry berries.

Brewing rules

How to brew rose hips? There are many ways to prepare this medicine. Some herbalists say that fruits should not be boiled, because during heat treatment they are lost. most of vitamins In other recipes, on the contrary, the decoctions are boiled. Thirdly, they first insist and then boil over low heat. Sometimes the berries are steamed in a water bath. What are the basic rules for brewing?

• You can not boil, but pour boiling water over whole or peeled fruits, then infuse in a glass, enamel container.
• Infusion time can vary - from 2 hours to a day.
• If the fruits are not boiled, they are infused longer - up to 12 hours.
• After boiling, the decoctions are infused for less time - from 2 to 4 hours.
• Ideal and most convenient option- brewing in a thermos.
• To preserve vitamin C and medicinal properties, it is recommended to peel or chop the berries and then pour boiling water over them.
• The crushed berries must be carefully filtered so that the prickly pulp does not enter the body.
• Fresh berries can even be poured with cold water and left to steep for 24 hours.
• Decoctions and infusions are stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

Benefits for women and men

• For women . Rose hips in any dosage forms are useful for women of mature age - during the premenopausal period. Infusions and decoctions are removed nervous tension, irritability, normalize sleep and hormone production. Women often use rosehip oil for cosmetic purposes - for massage, when caring for dry, aging skin, and for brittle, dry hair. Rosehip infusions and teas are often prescribed to expectant mothers for swelling in the last trimester, and also as a general tonic. Read more about rose hips during pregnancy. Wild rose decoctions are allowed during breastfeeding. However, rose hips do not have lactogenic properties. It is useful to drink during lactation as a vitamin supplement, but in reasonable doses.
• For men . The product is useful for stimulating the sex glands. Indicated for mature men for the prevention of genitourinary diseases. It is also recommended for those men who are engaged in heavy physical labor. Thanks to its multivitamin properties, rosehip quickly restores the body's strength.

Benefits for children

What are the benefits of rose hips for children?

• First of all, it is prescribed as a multivitamin to strengthen the immune system during the cold season.
• It is also given to children to normalize hematopoiesis, metabolism, anemia, liver and gallbladder diseases.
• Children from 2 years old are recommended to take rosehip syrup.
• It is useful to introduce decoctions, teas, and compotes of wild roses into the diet of schoolchildren; they help with mental and physical fatigue and loss of strength.
• For infants (after 6 months), some pediatricians recommend introducing decoctions and teas of wild rose into complementary foods.
• There is another opinion - do not rush with this drink, especially for children prone to allergies.
• You can also read information that rosehip decoctions are prescribed even to newborns to remove bilirubin in case of jaundice.
• Decoctions and infusions have diuretic properties, so they should not be given to children at night.
• An overdose of rose hips should not be allowed, as this can negatively affect the tooth enamel of baby and permanent teeth.
• Uncontrolled intake can lead to leaching of useful substances from the body and increased absorption of iron.

Children often experience side effects when taking rose hips for a long time, which manifest themselves in the form of constipation and an allergic reaction.

Safe reception

How to drink rose hips so as not to harm your health?

• Any medicinal forms of this plant are taken as prescribed by a doctor.
• Do not exceed the dosage and course of treatment.
• Decoctions are drunk ½ glass 3 times a day, compotes and teas can be taken 1 glass 2 times a day.
• Long-term secretory action of rose hips can have the opposite effect - complications on the liver.
• Vitamin C is known to promote iron absorption, and excess iron can be hazardous to health, especially in certain types of anemia.
• Excess ascorbic acid can cause harm to the body and negatively affect mineral and carbohydrate metabolism.
• Rosehip enhances the effect of certain groups of antibiotics and, conversely, weakens the effect of hormonal contraceptives.
• The doctor should be aware of all medications taken when prescribing rose hips.
• After each use, it is necessary to rinse your mouth with water to protect tooth enamel from the damaging effects of acids.

With the correct dosage and course of treatment side effects from taking are rare. They manifest themselves in the following symptoms: indigestion, itching, rash, redness of the skin.

The benefits and harms of rose hips, its medicinal properties thoroughly studied in pharmacology and folk medicine. This medicinal raw material is most often prescribed for the prevention and treatment of vitamin deficiency, scurvy, colds, ARVI, and influenza. Rose hips help with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary, cardiovascular systems, metabolic and hematopoietic disorders, skin lesions, rheumatism and gout.

Rosehip is a perennial shrub, a genus of plants. Its second name is “wild rose”. Rosehip not only has beautiful flowers, but is also a storehouse of vitamins. At the dacha, it rightfully holds the record for vitamin C content, ahead of apples and currants. When planting shrubs, you need to take into account the composition of the soil, as well as the lack groundwater, because their stagnation can lead to rotting of the roots. Caring for rose hips mainly consists of watering, pruning and feeding the plant. Reproduction is carried out by root suckers, seedlings, and also by growing from seeds. About 100 varieties of rose hips grow on the territory of the Russian Federation. Moreover, many of them are endemic. You can familiarize yourself with the variety of varieties of “wild rose” by viewing the photo gallery.

Varieties

When choosing rose hips for planting in your summer cottage, it is best to give preference to varieties with a high content of vitamins.

• Rose wrinkled(R. rugosa). One of the most popular species among gardeners. Its height reaches one and a half meters. It has a huge number of shoots, which facilitates the reproduction process. The species is frost-resistant and is not afraid of soils rich in salts. It can grow in poor soils and windy places. The homeland of the wrinkled rose is the Far East.
• Rosehip May, also known as Sh. cinnamon (R. cinnamomea L., R.maialis Herrm). In the wild it grows independently in the European part of Russia, right up to Siberia. The height of this plant varies around 2 m. It is distinguished by sparse thorns, and on shoots with flowers there are none at all. The species blooms in May.

Rosehip May

• Rosehip needle(R. acicularis Lindley). A winter-hardy variety that can withstand severe frosts (up to -40 degrees). The height of the bush varies from 1 to 3 m. The fruits of the needle rose are distinguished by a high content of vitamin C, and their size reaches 1.5 cm.
• Rose Webb(R. webbiana Wall. ex Royle). A perennial plant whose height reaches 1 m. It has sparse, slightly curved thorns. The flowers are red or pink, sometimes white. It grows mainly on the slopes of mountain ranges (in the Himalayas, Pamirs, Tibet and Mongolia).
• Dog rose(R. canina) is a plant species with low ascorbic acid content. Its distinctive feature is the absence of a hole on the top of the head and rapidly falling leaves.

Advice. Rose hips can be easily tested for vitamin content. It is believed that the vitamin species of the plant can whistle. If you blow into the hole at the top of the fruit, you will hear a small whistle.

Among the selection varieties there are:

• "Vitamin VNIVI"– early middle grade. Requires pollination. Therefore, you will need to plant another bush, but of a different variety. It has massive fruits and a considerable amount of vitamins. The yield of the variety is about 2.5 kg per plant. There are no thorns in the fruiting areas, which makes the process of collecting fruits easier.
• "Vorontsovsky 1"- a hybrid of two roses: wrinkled and Webb. In addition to vitamins C and bioflavonoids, it is high in folic acid. The yield of this variety is slightly higher than that of the previous one and is about 3 kg.
• "Large-fruited VNIVI"– winter-hardy, high-yielding and resistant to diseases and pests. Is different long flowering. Rose hips are usually used to make jam, jam and other preparations.

Rosehip large-fruited VNIVI

• "Russian 1"– vitamin grade. Grown mainly in the Ural region. Productivity is from 1.5 to 2 kg. Rust resistant.
• "Globe" – winter-hardy variety, high, contains many vitamins.
• "Finger"– winter-hardy and pest-resistant variety. Grown in the West Siberian region.
• "Victory". Not much different from the previous variety. In addition to the above characteristics, it has a pleasant aroma.
• "Titanium" – tall bush with fruits growing in 3–5 pieces. Productivity is very high, resistant to diseases and pests.
• "Apple"- a low shrub that has large fruits with a sweet and sour taste.
• "Sergievsky"– a variety with an average ripening period. The fruits are sweet and sour with a high content of vitamin C.
• "Ural Champion". A very winter-hardy variety that is suitable for cultivation in all regions of the country.

Planting and care

Rosehip is a completely unpretentious shrub. It is planted to produce fruits that contain large amounts of vitamins. In particular, vitamin C. In addition, the plant emits an incredible aroma during the flowering period.

Rose hips are planted in the fall. The place should be bright. But even in a shaded area it will grow well. But if you want to get good harvest rose hips, it is better to choose an area well lit by the sun.

Planting procedure: step-by-step instructions

1. Dig a hole the length, width and height, which should be about half a meter.
2. At the bottom of the dug hole there should be a small mound of soil.
3. Carefully spread out the roots and cover them with soil.
4. Water the planted plant with water.
5. Shelter for the winter period is not required.

Advice. Planting can be done in the spring, but it is better to do it before buds form. This is done so that the rose hips can more easily endure planting.

Another planting rule is maintaining the distance between bushes. It must be at least 120 cm.
Caring for rose hips consists of watering, pruning and fertilizing. In the first year of life, especially during drought, the plant needs periodic watering. Mature shrubs are watered infrequently, but abundantly. Watering is required during the period when the ovaries appear, provided there is no rain. A young bush requires up to 30 liters of water, and a fruit-bearing bush requires even more – about 50 liters.

If the rosehip bush is trimmed, it will become a worthy element of landscape design

Rose hips are often used as a hedge. To ensure that the plant does not lose its decorative properties, it should be trimmed periodically. Pruning is done in the fall or in early spring before the buds appear. You can also prune at the end of winter, when all the dried and dead branches are visible.

Fertilizer

Fertilizing requires special consideration. Root feeding It is produced about four times during the year: before and after flowering, at the beginning of fruit ripening and after harvesting.

For the first feeding you need organic fertilizer, which is diluted at the rate of 3 tbsp. l per bucket of water.
The second feeding consists of half a glass of Agricola per bucket of water. Sometimes organic fertilizer is added.

The third feeding consists of using only Agricola.

For the last feeding, take a bucket of water and 2 tbsp. l "Agricolaaqua" products. This solution is used to treat rosehip bushes after flowering has ended three times every 10 days.

Wild rose propagation

Rosehip propagation is carried out in several well-known ways.

Growing from seeds. Seeds are collected for planting in August, when the fruits are not yet fully ripe.

• The fruits are collected.
• The seeds are removed and washed.
• Sowing is carried out in September, deepening the seeds by 2 cm. The distance between the seeds should be at least 5 cm.

Rosehip seeds

By green cuttings. Convenient way with a high percentage of rooting.

• The cuttings are cut with an oblique cut.
• Dip into root growth activator.
• Transplanted into pots.
• Cover with film and water moderately as the soil dries.
• Planted in open ground.

Reproduction root shoots. The method is used to preserve the properties of the mother bush. Infrequently used.

Dividing the bush. A shrub about 6 years old is dug up and the rhizome is divided into several parts. Small shrubs are immediately planted in the ground, without waiting for the roots to dry.

Diseases and pests

"Wild Rose" is susceptible to diseases and pest attacks. These include rust, powdery mildew, gray and brown rot, and damage is caused by rose flies, leaf rollers, spider mites and sawflies.

Using garlic infusion from laundry soap will help get rid of insects. The shrub should be sprayed with this mixture before flowering and after harvesting the fruits. Topaz will help with rust, and Bordeaux mixture will help with black spotting.

Treat the bushes against pests several times a season.

Rosehip is a high-vitamin plant and perennial. Often used in landscape design as a hedge. Planting and caring for it is not burdensome. Feeding plays a special role. They are held four times a year. Rose hips are used to make tea, decoction, preserves and jam. The shrub contains large amounts of vitamin C and is an excellent remedy for the prevention and treatment of colds.

Growing rose hips: video

Rose hips on a personal plot: photo

Rosehip has been considered a treasure trove since ancient times healing properties and was considered a sacred plant. Therefore in modern world he hasn't lost his appeal.

Rosehip bushes can be found in almost every garden. Since those times, the only thing that has changed is that decorative varieties have appeared that decorate the garden delicate flowers. That's why they called it the wild rose.

Types of rose hips photos and names

– this species has dark green shiny leaves with many veins. Since the foliage is planted quite tightly to each other and thereby covers the entire bush, the branches are not even visible from afar, only continuous veins/wrinkles. It got its name for this feature.

The bush reaches one and a half meters in height, dotted with pink flowers(single or in groups of 4-5 pieces), it can become, for example, a hedge. It blooms for a long time, from June until autumn.

- is a shrub with snow-white or slightly pink flowers. It does not bloom for long (2-3 weeks), but profusely. This variety has significant advantages and disadvantages.

For example, you should be careful when choosing a planting site. The fact is that the roots grow over large areas, so if you need to get rid of the bush, this can cause problems. After all, even a small forgotten area of ​​roots can grow again.

- a tall shrub (up to two meters), with reddish-brown branches, on which there are practically no thorns. The leaves are dark green with a slight bluish tint. The flowers are bright pink with a snow-white spot spreading from the center.

- a low-growing variety that grows up to one meter in height, has small shiny leaves and bright pink flowers. Flowering lasts about a month. It has good winter hardiness.

– large variety rosehip, can reach 2 m in height, blooms for about a month with large pink flowers. Often used as a hedge.

A large, spreading three-meter bush with snow-white or pale pink flowers. There are also spikes curved like hooks. Home distinctive feature This variety is that it is used as a rootstock for various varietal roses.

You need to be extremely careful in caring for this rosehip:

• it is very prickly;
• very often throws out root shoots, which can harm neighboring plants;
• It may freeze slightly, but recovers quickly.

- a medium-height shrub with small pink flowers collected in inflorescences. It got its name due to the fact that the leaves are able to emit the smell of fresh apples.

- an actively branching medium-sized shrub with single small pink flowers.

– has thorns only on young shoots. The flowers are large, deep pink, solitary. This is the oldest cultivated variety.

– has densely growing shoots with densely planted leaves of a bluish-gray color. It got its name because large quantities thin spikes, which from a distance create a certain hairiness. The fruits are edible, although they have bristles.

– has many small white flowers collected in inflorescences. IN natural conditions(in Korea) due to the warm climate, it can reach 6-7 meters in height.

In cold weather climatic zones, it must either be removed from the main support and covered for the winter, or grown as a ground cover plant. Whatever one may say, the cold has a detrimental effect on this delicate plant.

- a late-blooming shrub, has thick spreading branches with sparsely planted large leaves and flat spines peeking out from under them. The flowers are collected in paniculate, lacy inflorescences.

(yellow rose) – high decorative variety rosehip. It is a tall, vertically growing bush, while the ends of the branches bend downwards. During flowering, the entire bush is covered with bright yellow shaggy flowers. Creating a gentle cloud. A wonderful decoration for the garden.

It is worth noting that this variety tolerates frosts more easily than winter thaw, due to which the plant may die.

Rosehip planting and care in open ground

Before you start planting a bush, you need to take a responsible approach to choosing a location.

Rose hips respond positively to well-lit areas for planting. It will be equally important to give preference to a small hill instead of lowlands, where there is often stagnation of water, due to the close occurrence of groundwater.

In addition, do not forget about protecting neighboring plants. The fact is that the root system of the rosehip grows very densely and actively, so additional strengthening is necessary. To do this, dig a small ditch at a distance of 1-1.5 m around the bush and at least 20-25 cm deep, and insert slate on those sides where it is planned to plant (or already exist) other plants.

Another interesting fact: those varieties of rose hips that have edible fruits are considered cross-pollinated, so they are planted in pairs, and if the task is only decorative decoration plot, then one bush is enough.

Rose is also a member of the Rosehip genus. It is grown by planting and caring in open ground, without much hassle, if you follow all the rules of agricultural technology. All necessary recommendations You can find information on growing and care in this article.

Watering rose hips

As for watering, the bush is more likely to tolerate short-term drought than frequent stagnation of water. This is why watering is only needed during long dry periods.

In this case, 4-5 waterings per season are sufficient (about three buckets of water for one adult bush). If the summer is rainy, then there is no need for additional moisture.

Fertilizer for rose hips

Fertilizers are applied according to the following scheme: in the first year of life - nitrogen, three times per season (in early spring, mid-summer and early autumn).

In subsequent years - once a year, in the form of compost and humus.

Rosehip pruning

The bush must be pruned if it is no younger than three years old. During thinning, old branches (more than seven years old) and branches that stand out from the overall picture (too long, for example) are cut off, thus leaving the healthiest ones (20 pieces are enough).

The very next year, new branches will appear in their place, which will bring the harvest. Pruning is carried out only in early spring or late autumn.

Rosehip collection and preparation

Harvesting takes place from the second half of August until September. At the same time, the berries do not ripen at the same time, so the harvest is extended over time. Ripe fruits, depending on the variety, acquire a rich red or burgundy color. The most important thing is to do it before the frost starts. You should also not forget about special protection (tight gloves and thick clothing), since the bushes are extremely thorny.

The collected fruits must be dried. They can be dried either whole or cut into halves, removing seeds and lint. In the first case (entirely), drying is carried out in the oven at low temperatures (up to 70-90˚C). Well-dried fruits should spring back when squeezed, and in no case should they be crushed or crumble.

In the second case, the fruits can be dried simply in a dry room, spread on paper. Drying in this form retains much more vitamins.

Growing rose hips from seeds

Rose hips can be propagated in three ways: seeds, cuttings (seedlings) and root suckers.

Seeds are collected from still unripe fruits at the end of August in order to sow them in the ground in the fall (in October). The option of sowing in spring is possible, but then 2-3 weeks before the expected date of planting in open ground, it is necessary to grow seedlings in separate containers.

Rosehip propagation by cuttings

Cuttings are cut in late autumn (October-November) 10-15 cm long and this should be the middle part of the branch (not at the base, but not the thin young ends).

Then they need to be placed in water and wait for the roots to appear. After which the seedling is planted in a separate hole, the depth of which is about 20 cm (lime fertilizer must be placed on the bottom).

If rosehip bushes will serve as hedges in the future, then they are planted at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other, but if not, then at least a meter.

Reproduction of rose hips by root suckers

For propagation by root suckers, it is necessary to select only the most productive bush, from which in late autumn (or early spring) the most reliable offspring are selected that can develop independently.

Hilling is carried out several times, and after the baby takes root, it can be safely separated from the mother bush.

Rosehip pests

Rose hips have a lot of pests, but you shouldn’t be afraid of them. If you carry out preventive measures on time, adhere to proper care and promptly provide treatment when pests or diseases are detected, then the bush will long years please bright colors and useful fruits.

Among the pests you can find: aphid , scale insects , mole , ticks And sawflies .

As preventative measure against green aphids , at the very beginning of spring, even before the buds swell, the bushes are sprayed with a solution of mineral-oil emulsion (for example, the drug DNOC). In the event of an obvious aphid attack, the most effective means considered an infusion of tobacco (0.2 kg/10 liters of water - leave for two days).

Another option: a decoction of hot pepper (0.05 kg of ground pepper or 0.1 kg of fresh pepper per 1 liter of water), which must be boiled in a saucepan with tightly closed lid about an hour, then leave for two days. The result is a very concentrated decoction, which is diluted with water (1:7) before use.

These infusions are poured into spray containers. Traditional methods so many. For example, an infusion of onions, garlic or pine/spruce needles.

Considered no less dangerous sawflies , which lay eggs on shoots, from which larvae emerge that feed on the foliage. If detected, it is necessary to remove the affected foliage and shoots and burn them to avoid further spread throughout the area. After which the bush is treated with one of the organophosphorus preparations.

Rose hip caterpillar pest

A treat for caterpillars are buds, leaves, and the tips of young shoots. It is necessary to remove clutches with eggs and/or the pests themselves from the affected areas, and then treat them with one of the solutions with a concentration of 0.2%: trichlorometaphos - 3, fozalone, chlorophos, karbofos.

In addition, caterpillars can be destroyed using a more gentle method for the plant - a decoction of wormwood (boil 1 kg of herb in 4 liters of water, cool and dilute to a volume of 10 liters before spraying).

Rose hip diseases

In addition to pests, rose hips can exhibit fungal diseases, the most common being powdery mildew . Symptoms: appearance white plaque on the leaves, gradually acquiring a brown color. Leads to curling and premature falling of leaves, a decrease or absence of yield, and slower growth of shoots.

In the fight against powdery mildew, rust, gray rot and spotting, use the following complex solution: 20 g copper sulfate and 200 g of liquid potassium soap (proportion 1:10) are diluted in 10 liters of water.

Rosehip beneficial properties and contraindications

Almost everyone knows that rose hips have a lot of beneficial properties for the human body. Let's take a closer look at all these advantages.

Fact: 15 g of dried fruit contains the daily dose of vitamin C for humans.

Use in medicine: increases the body's resistance against viral diseases, promotes the healing of wounds, ulcers and burns, improves well-being in diseases of the liver, kidneys and gall bladder (a decoction of dried berries is used). During gastrointestinal disorders and dysentery, it is recommended to use a decoction of rosehip branches and shoots.

It has been noted that regular consumption of rose hips, in small doses, helps protect against the early spring annual loss of strength and strengthens the immune system.

Rosehip jam

Ingredients:

• 1 cup of sugar
• 2 cups berries

To begin with, the collected fruits must be washed, dried, cut in half and the seeds removed. So, approximately, from a kilogram of berries you will get half a kilo of preparations. After cleaning, the rose hips must be rinsed again to get rid of any remaining seeds and fibers.

And now the most important thing. Before you add sugar to the berries and start cooking, you need to carefully important procedure, which will help soften the skin. To do this, pour boiling water over the berries, put on the fire for five minutes, then drain and rinse in cold water. Now add sugar and add 1-2 tbsp. l. water.

Cook the jam three times for five minutes (after boiling), with intervals for cooling (for 7-8 hours). Be sure to remove any foam that forms on the surface.

Important point! The finished jam is transferred to a sterilized jar with a screw-on lid and stored in the basement or refrigerator. If you store the jam at room temperature, then the amount of sugar must be doubled.