How to grow peanuts in the country. How to grow peanuts - the main principles of caring for and planting peanuts

The favorite pastime of modern summer residents can be safely called experiments with planting the most unexpected for home cultivation cultures. And the results are sometimes really impressive! Peanut lovers will be surprised to learn that their favorite peanut, which is actually legume, perfectly adapted to growing in the garden next to other vegetables. Gardeners note the unpretentiousness of peanuts and high performance productivity.

Landing dates

Sowing peanut seeds in the soil is carried out in mid-May, when the external temperature reaches +18–20 ° C, and the soil warms up to +15 ° C. In case of insufficient warming of the soil, the seeds will rot.

Sowing for seedlings is carried out in early April, and at the age of 35–40 days the seedlings are ready to be transferred to the garden. AT middle lane with its unstable climate, it is recommended to provide a removable film shelter for a peanut patch to protect it from a sudden cold snap.

tillage

Since the ripening of nut beans takes place in the ground, the preparation of the planting site should be approached with great care. The best place peanuts will grow in an open, sunny, well-ventilated area, located on fertile, very loose soils. Light short-term penumbra is allowed. In accordance with the norms of cultural substitution, the best predecessors for peanuts are cucumbers, potatoes, cabbage, the worst - all legumes. Looking ahead, it is worth noting that participation in the crop rotation of Cabbage family crops significantly reduces the likelihood of Fusarium wilt of peanuts. Tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, pumpkins, eggplants are suitable as neighbors for walnut bushes.

The primary processing of the site is carried out in the fall: the soil is cleared of weeds and dug up with the introduction of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. Like any representative of legumes, peanuts do not welcome top dressing with active organic matter, so the use of manure, bird droppings and their derivatives are excluded. In the spring, after the snow melts, the treated area is re-digged up or intensively fluffed with a garden pitchfork. Ultimately, the soil for planting peanuts should be soft, permeable and well aerated.

Landing methods

In the favorable climatic conditions of the southern regions, peanut beans are sown in the ground dry, without pre-training. In middle latitudes, it is advisable to germinate seeds before planting or plant peanuts on a bed of pre-grown seedlings. The latter method allows you to get a crop 2-3 weeks earlier.

Selection of planting material

For the first experiment, a handful or two of peanuts from the last harvest purchased at the nearest market can serve as planting material. When buying, you should give preference to strong high-quality nuts without cracks, stains and mold. The mesh pattern on the shell of the selected specimens should be clear and textured.

Subsequently, if the experiment brings desired results, for sowing a plantation, you can use not only market nuts, but also seeds of varietal peanuts. In backyard cultivation, such peanut varieties as Valencia 433, Valencia Ukrainian, Stepnyak, Krasnodarets 13, Krasnodarets 14 have proven themselves well. Quite good results were shown by the Klinskaya variety, zoned for the steppe regions of Ukraine.

seed germination

Quality seed preparation is one of the essential conditions their germination and full development. It is carried out in several stages:

• Peanut kernels of pink or raspberry color are removed from the shell.
• The extracted seeds are placed in a microfiber cloth, well moistened with warm water, and placed on a flat plate. The napkin can be replaced with any natural cloth or gauze folded in 3-4 layers. To speed up the process, a growth stimulator can be added to the soaking water.
• As necessary, the napkin is systematically moistened, preventing it from drying out.
• The first roots will appear in 5-6 days, and as soon as their length is 1-1.5 cm, you can start sowing in the ground.

The seeds germinated in this way can be sown in separate containers for seedlings or immediately on permanent place growth according to the scheme: a planting step of about 20 cm with a row spacing of 60–70 cm. After sowing, it is advisable to cover the bed with brushwood before germination, so that the nuts do not become prey for birds. It will not be superfluous and cute garden scarecrow, frightening with its appearance of winged robbers.

The specifics of the seedling method

Dishes for growing peanut seedlings can be peat pots (tablets) familiar to any gardener or ordinary cups made of food grade plastic. The soil can be used purchased, but before planting it is desirable to mix it with a small amount sand (3:1). Sowing is carried out as follows:

• The containers are filled with moist nutrient substrate.
• Sprouted seeds are sown singly in the center of each pot to a depth of 2–2.5 cm.
• Cups with crops are placed in a common pan, covered with cling film and left in a warm place. The greenhouse is opened as necessary for watering, ventilation and removal of condensate.
• With the advent of the first leaflet, the seedlings are released from shelter and put on a warm, well-lit windowsill, where the "youth" actively develops before being transferred to the garden.

The grown seedlings are planted in the garden on a cloudy cool day. The planting pattern is the same as for sowing.

Features of care

Peanut development is most comfortable at temperatures from + 25 ° C to + 28 ° C. Too low (below + 15 ° C), as well as too high (above + 30 ° C), temperatures are detrimental to it. After 40-50 days from the moment of planting, the peanut blooms. The process of flowering and pollination takes only one day, after which gynophores are formed in place of the yellow-orange inflorescences - outgrowths in which future fruits are formed. The stems droop to the ground, gynophores burrow into the ground, where peanut beans ripen at a depth of 8–10 cm. Outgrowths that do not have time to reach the ground die, therefore, under the gynophores located on the upper branches, it is recommended to pour a hill of soil.

Peanut is not only tasty, but also useful for the body. It is not cheap, so it is worth learning how to grow peanuts in the country in order to harvest a rich harvest on your site. There are a number of features that are important to consider in order for the plant to grow well and bear fruit.

Which countries grow peanuts?

The homeland of the peanut is considered South America. According to archaeological research, back in the 1st millennium BC. e. The Indians were engaged in the cultivation of peanuts. In the 16th century, peanuts were brought to China, Europe, and then they came to America and West Africa. If you want to harvest peanuts in the middle lane, cultivation must be carried out strictly following the rules, since the temperatures there are suitable. In addition, recently scientists have bred cold-resistant varieties of peanuts, which made it possible to expand the area for its cultivation.

growing conditions for peanuts

To collect good harvest peanut, it is necessary to correctly select the area where it should be planted. There are some features of growing peanuts in the garden:

1. Choose sunny areas in your country house, and it is best to avoid a lot of shade. Negatively perceives peanuts and strong wind.
2. As for the soil, loose, permeable and sandy loam is best suited. The plant will grow well in the presence of magnesium and calcium compounds. It negatively relates to high acidity and salinity.
3. Understanding the question of how to grow peanuts in your country house, it is worth noting that the best predecessors for it are cabbage, tomatoes and potatoes.
4. It is necessary to prepare the soil in the spring, for which 50 g is applied for every 1 sq.m. In autumn, gardeners recommend feeding the soil with minerals and organic matter.

Peanuts - growing methods

There are several options for how you can grow a delicious peanut on your site. About a method involving the use of seeds in open field, will be discussed below, but for now let's talk about the popular option of growing through seedlings. It has an important advantage - as a result, you can harvest more crops than with direct planting of seeds. There are several basic rules for growing peanuts in the garden using seedlings:

1. It is best to take peat pots, but if they are not available, then cups made of cardboard or plastic will do.
2. The procedure must be carried out in April. The selected container should be filled with a loose and nutritious substrate, connecting the soil from the site with an equal amount of sand and humus.
3. First, put the seeds in a solution of potassium permanganate, which will reduce the risk of disease damage to seedlings. Make holes, 3-4 cm deep, put the seeds and cover them.
4. In order for seedlings to appear as quickly as possible, it is necessary to cover them with a film or glass. Place the container in a warm, bright place, but it is better to avoid direct sunlight.
5. Seedling care is identical to other crops, and transplanting into open ground should be done in May, when the ground temperature in the country is high.

Peanuts from seeds - growing

Success largely depends on the purchase of quality planting material in proven locations. Quality seeds can be selected from fresh harvest. It is important that the kernels are intact and not exposed to heat treatment. There are tips regarding the care and planting of peanuts in the country, without which a rich harvest will not work:

1. The kernels should be removed from the shells and placed in several layers of carefully moistened gauze in a saucer.
2. You can add a few drops to the water special means which stimulates growth.
3. When the root hatches, and its length is 1-1.5 mm, it is possible to transplant into the ground. It is best to use peat tablets.

How to plant peanuts in the country?

There are a few basic rules to consider if you plan to grow peanuts on your site.

1. The holes where the seeds will be placed should have a depth of 6-8 cm, and if the earth is dry then 8-10 cm. They should be placed so that there is a distance of about 70 cm between the rows, and 15-20 cm between the bushes.
2. When figuring out how to plant peanuts in the country, it is worth pointing out that three nucleoli must be placed in each hole, which should be large.
3. After the seeds are covered, thoroughly water the beds under weak pressure using a shower head to keep the soil from eroding.
4. If weather conditions are favorable, then shoots will appear about 10 days after sowing, and flowering after another 25-30 days.

Planting time for peanuts in the country

Since warm soil is needed for good and proper growth of this crop, it is recommended to plant when the ground temperature reaches 12-14 ° C, and this is not earlier than mid-May. It is important to consider that for growing groundnuts, peanuts spring frosts are detrimental. Keep this in mind as the temperature changes every year.

Peanuts - care

In order for the peanut to begin to grow actively and give a good harvest, it is necessary to carry out proper care. There are a number of features of caring for and growing peanuts in the country:

1. When the stalk sinks into the ground, hilling of the bushes is carried out, as is done with potatoes.
2. It is important that the earth does not dry out, but stagnant water is also destructive, so carry out moderate watering. During flowering, plants should be watered abundantly, since both flowers and roots love moisture. This should be done 3-4 times a month. When the flowering period is over, it is recommended to water the seedlings only during a period of prolonged drought.
3. Understanding how to grow peanuts in the country, it is worth noting the importance of regular weeding of the earth and doing it better after watering or rainfall.
4. After germination, they must be protected from being eaten by birds, as they can completely ruin all crops.
5. Peanuts respond well to, which is applied three times a season: during the period of leaf ripening, the formation of fruits and buds.
6. The fact that the peanut is ripe will be indicated by yellowed leaves and a dried stem.

Once having tasted a peanut, many farmers are thinking about how to grow peanuts in the garden. Despite the fact that South America is the birthplace of the crop, the climate of the middle zone in Ukraine is quite suitable for growing peanuts at home. Especially for this, varieties such as Valencia Ukrainian, Stepnyak, Krasnodar and others were bred. It is enough to purchase the appropriate seed material and get acquainted with simple technology.

Planting peanuts

You need to plant peanuts in warm soil, seed germination occurs at a temperature of +12 +14 ° C, the ideal temperature will be +25 +30 ° C, frosts are fatal for peanuts, so wait for settled warm weather. Usually this is mid-May after planting gourds.

Peanuts love intense lighting and good ventilation, choose for planting open areas without a shadow.

When growing peanuts in the country, it is necessary to ensure crop rotation, it should be planted after cabbage, cucumbers or potatoes fertilized with organic matter. Cannot be planted after legumes.

Responds well to phosphate fertilizers, this must be taken into account when preparing the soil in spring and apply nitrophoska at the rate of 50 g per 1 m².

Sowing culture with cleaned seeds increases germination. Choose large seeds for sowing, this will also improve germination and yield as a result.

You need to sow peanuts in open ground in wide rows 60 cm - 70 cm wide, with a distance between bushes 15 cm - 20 cm, to a depth of 6 cm - 8 cm.

Crop care

It is not at all superfluous to keep the soil loose and moist; before germination, harrowing can be done with light harrows. Further care consists in hilling plants, the first hilling should be carried out 10 days after the start of flowering, to a height of 5 cm - 7 cm. Further hilling 2 - 3 more times every 10 days, gradually falling asleep the stem of the plant. Each hilling is best done after rain or watering.

Watering

We grow peanuts without any irrigation, in central Ukraine there is enough moisture for good growth this culture. Irrigation can increase yields when there is a lack of natural rainfall. In arid regions, watering can be done throughout the growing season, every 10 to 12 days (including rain), and after flowering, during fruit formation, watering can be increased. Make sure the soil is moist, but not flooded with water. best solution will drip irrigation, or using sun-warmed water. Stop watering a month before harvest.

When to Harvest Peanuts

When the leaves of the plant turn yellow and the seeds are easily husked from the beans, it's time to harvest. But be careful, do not delay harvesting peanuts until the cold weather, because when frozen, the seeds lose their germination capacity and gain bitterness, becoming unsuitable for food.

Harvesting takes place in two stages, first the peanuts are dug up to the surface, put into rolls and allowed to dry, after which the beans are separated from the roots and sent for drying and storage. You can dry peanut beans at a temperature not exceeding 40 ° C with ventilation. It is better to store peanuts in beans at a low temperature of +8 ° C +10 ° C, in a well-ventilated area, on racks with a layer of no more than 10 cm or in rag bags.

As you can see, growing peanuts is not a tricky business at all, and with the proper desire, you can get a good harvest of this, it would seem, exotic plant on its site in Ukraine. The main conditions for success: quality seeds and adherence to technology.

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How to plant peanuts to get big harvest? After all, this is a wonderful tasty and very healthy nut which is native to South America. There it grows like wild perennial. He came to Europe a very long time ago, but for a long time he was known as the “Chinese pistachio”, although he has nothing in common with him.

About peanuts

An annual, called "peanut", reaches a height of 80 cm. The size and taste depend on the variety and growing conditions. How larger fruits and the more nutritious the soil, the higher it above-ground part. It is noteworthy, but the color of peanuts directly depends on the soil. If it is grown in light lands, the kernels will turn into light oil

Numerous stems of it can be both erect and lying in the aisles. The leaves of the plant are two-paired, but in general it resembles alfalfa. The flowers are unusual and funny, there are underground and growing above the ground. Underground ones are pollinated in unopened buds, and aboveground ones, located in the axils of the leaves, attract attention with their bright yellow color.

After self-pollination, a thin sprout develops - a gynophore, which tends to burrow into the ground along with the ovary. If the soil is too dense or difficult to reach, the thin filaments of the gynophore wither and die, remaining on the plant as dried hairs.

Fruits are formed in the soil - oblong beans with valves. One bush can produce a crop of 30 beans, which contain nuts - grains. Mostly in beans from 2 to 4 pieces, sometimes up to 6 pieces. nuclei.

About the benefits of nuts

Everyone loves peanuts and there is a reason for it, it is useful both and well. The peanuts contain a large number of vitamins, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, proteins and fats. It is very nutritious and satisfying - there are 550 kcal per 100 g of nuts. Easily digestible, rich in antioxidants, helps in the treatment of many diseases, improves lactation, is an indispensable raw material in the culinary and confectionery industries.

Peanut oil in its qualities can be compared with olive oil and will not yield to it at all. All components of the peanut have been used in humans - the tops and shells are used to feed livestock, nuts and oil are used in cosmetology and pharmacology. Nutritious paste is made from peanut kernels energy value capable of replacing not only bread, but also meat.

Where to start growing

If a person first thought about how to plant peanuts in his garden, the main question for him will be where to get the seeds. For these purposes, raw nuts from bags are not suitable, especially fried, salted or candied. It is better to look for seeds in special stores for gardeners or purchase them online. It is advisable to take whole beans for planting - this will increase the chances of success.

Both grains and beans are germinated on a saucer in a cloth moistened with water. All this is covered with oilcloth and placed away from drafts in a warm place. If after a couple of days the nuts swell and sprouts appear, the seeds are suitable.

Agricultural technology

Knowledgeable gardeners know how to properly plant peanuts. After all, this is a thermophilic culture and seed germination is observed in well-warmed soil, at least 10 C., if a cold snap occurs, the sprouts die or become moldy. Therefore, you should not rush to plant seedlings. This is especially true for residents of places where spring comes late. And given that the development period of the plant will take 150 days, and it will still take time for the seedlings to sprout, then the harvest will have to be harvested far from September.

How to plant peanuts and get a crop in this case? You will have to plant it in a pot method and get a 60-day seedling. The peanut loves moisture. When the soil dries out, the plant withers very quickly and stops growing, which greatly increases the growing season. And if the ovaries are buried in the soil, in the absence of watering, they stop developing and may die. Those ovaries that try to penetrate dry soil will also not be able to strengthen and will wither.

pledge high yield is soil fertility. The plant needs to be fed mineral fertilizers. The more fertile the land, the more beans will form.

Seedlings of the plant do not develop quickly and if the beds are overgrown with weeds, the grass can easily drown out the crop. Peanuts should be planted in a sunny, well-fertilized area, cleared of weeds.

Peanuts in the seed garden

Since it is not enough to properly plant peanuts in the garden in a bright place warmed by the rays, you still need to provide the plant with the most loose soil. Moisture-loving nut requires frequent watering especially in dry climates. The owner must plant the plant so that in the future it will be convenient to water the bush in the required volume.

Priming

Clay heavy soil is not suitable for a walnut; it loves light soils that can be dug into. The site for planting a peanut should be prepared in the fall, and in the spring, when digging, lumps should be broken, weed roots and sleeping pest pupae should be pulled out. The soil is then leveled and fertilized. When digging up the earth, you need to choose a bed, mark the width and length. Row spacing should be at least 50 cm wide.

fertilizers

Gypsum 5 kg. at 40 boric acid- when the soil is alkaline, chalk 5 kg. +40 g of boric acid - on oxidized soils. The mixture must be spread evenly 100 g per 1 meter. Then fertilize universal top dressing, mixed with urea and potassium magnesia, 1 gr. per bag of fertilizer. After scattering with a rake, small sides of 10-15 cm around the perimeter are made from row spacing. The bed inside is leveled and mixed with fertilizers. It turns out a soil trough with flat surface land, surrounded by dry soil. Then proceed to disembarkation.

Landing

Two furrows are made 10 cm deep, and seeds are laid out along the heaped sides at an interval of 8-10 cm. If all the grains germinate, they are thinned out by 15 cm. After sowing, the bed should be watered abundantly, but very carefully so as not to wash the soil. Gypsum can dry out and crack on the surface, but after a couple of waterings everything will be fixed. If necessary, a film shelter is installed over the bed.

Care

The sprouts that appear must be cleaned of weeds. First, weed the aisles, then process the places between the bushes. Gently loosen the soil with a small hoe or fork. After weeding, the soil is watered. Then once a week repeat the procedure of loosening and watering. When the plants grow up, they will appear yellow flowers. At this time, it is advisable to fertilize the land again with a mixture applied during sowing. They scatter it in the center of the beds, and then spud the bushes. Re-form the sides and water.

For irrigation, it is better to organize an automated drip system in the center of the garden. Then, in the course of plant development, watering, weeding, getting rid of pests and moles is carried out. If the nut does not grow well, you can feed the soil again. A month before harvest, fertilization is completely stopped, while reducing watering. When the foliage begins to turn yellow, stop watering completely.

If all the conditions for growing are not observed, the plant can get root rot and become covered with light spots.

Pests

Bears, birds, mice like to feast on seedlings. To successfully combat them, you can build a scarecrow or take the following measures:

• collect cleaning and dry grass, hay;
• dig in the garden;
• cover everything with roofing material;
• sprinkle with manure or plant debris on top.

Bears will fall into this trap. They will need to be periodically collected, destroyed or fed to poultry.

Harvesting

Since we managed to plant peanuts and take care of them, in compliance with all the rules, we can hope for a good harvest. At the end of summer, peanut foliage will wither and turn yellow. It's not a disease, it's normal natural process. The bush has planted a crop and one nut can be dug up for testing. If the beans are not ripe, then you will have to wait for the first frost. Watering is stopped, but if the land is very dry, it will need to be moistened to avoid severe drying of the soil.

Start collecting from the end of the beds. The base of the stem is dug up with a pitchfork, prying the rhizome and shaking off the ground from the bush, lay it to the side. The bushes are folded root to root, and loose beans are selected from the soil.

Plants are harvested and dried in a ventilated place, where the nuts can finally ripen and increase in weight. After 2 weeks, the nuts are washed from the ground and dried again. You can dry them on the radiator, on the stove or on the heater. The process will take a couple of weeks, otherwise the nuts will quickly become moldy and not reveal everything. taste qualities. The readiness of the beans is determined by the sound. If the sashes are dry, break well in half and ring, then you can eat them.

Storage

Beans are stored in bags or immediately shelled. Peanuts can be roasted and immersed in a fried container, tightly covered and placed in a cold or, conversely, warm place near the oven.

Important! The shell of the nuclei does not need to be thrown away. On its surface are microscopic beneficial fungi. When planting, the shells are ground and thrown into the ground.

Peanuts at home

How to plant peanuts at home when the weather and climate do not allow growing them outdoors? This will require seeds, peat pots, soil mixture and film.

So how to get peanuts without good seeds fail, they should be purchased from a trusted supplier. They must be free from damage, damage and cracks. There are large and small seeds. Larger crops are always larger and tastier. You do not need to take a lot at once, but first try to grow a few bushes. The following year, your window garden can be enlarged.

Heated fertile soil is poured into flower pot, and if it is planned to transplant to an open place, the seeds are planted in a peat container. If the plant is supposed to grow on the windowsill, drainage is laid out at the bottom of the pot. The soil is given Special attention, light porous earth mixed with river sand or with peat.

It is necessary to take into account the conditions under which the nut will grow. After all, this is an exotic culture - it does not tolerate drafts and direct exposure to the sun. The most suitable temperature for germination is 25 C. The dishes should be chosen at least 30 cm in diameter and 40 cm deep.

3-4 nuts, previously peeled and soaked in water, are placed 2 cm in the center of the container, sprinkled with earth on top. The earth is slightly moistened, covered with cellophane and placed on the windowsill. When shoots appear, begin thorough watering. When the plant begins to lean, tie it to a peg. Appeared yellow flowers self-pollinate and fall off, forming an ovary. The genophore, which has strengthened in the soil, will begin to form fruits. After 4-5 months. the peanut will finally ripen and give a harvest. It will be possible to notice this by wilted yellowed leaves, signaling the final maturation.

Peanuts love space and therefore it should be transplanted into a spacious dish, adding humus to the soil. Overdried land destroys the plant, so soil moisture must be carefully monitored. It does not tolerate waterlogging, as well as overdrying, excessive moisture can slow down the development of the plant.

When the bush is removed from the ground, the beans are separated from the branches and dried. You can dry them well in the oven.

Planting peanuts is not difficult, but it requires a lot of care. The main thing is to look after the friability of the soil, fertilize, weed and water the plant in a timely manner. Then the nut will please with a worthy harvest, which will bring many benefits to the owners.

Peanut fruits are a tasty and healthy delicacy containing a whole range of elements necessary for the body: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, antioxidants. It is loved by adults and children, it is also popular with summer residents: planting peanuts in the plots for many of them has already become a familiar activity. It's hard to believe, but it's possible to get nutritious nuts at home if you provide the potted plant with the right care.

Features of culture and choice of place for it

Peanuts originate from the countries of the South American continent - Argentina and Bolivia. It was from there that culture spread throughout the world, conquering in turn India, Japan, the Philippine Islands, Madagascar, China, Turkey, Africa, Spain, France, and the USA. It has been known in Russia since the 18th century. The peanut is thermophilic and demanding in terms of climatic conditions, but it is still possible to grow it in open ground. On the Eurasian continent, it is successfully bred in limited areas: in the southern regions of Ukraine, in the North Caucasus, in Transcaucasia, and central Russia.

To plant peanuts in the garden, you need to choose a bright area, which in the spring is quickly freed from snow and dries out, and in the summer it warms up well with the sun's rays. It develops best at higher elevations. Even weak shading has a bad effect on the plant, leading to a significant decrease in yield. Cold winds are also destructive for him, so the site must be protected from them.

The peculiarity of peanuts is that its fruits develop in the ground, the ovaries fall into it after pollination. Therefore, the quality and structure of the soil are of key importance for the plant. This southerner needs a neutral ground. If the soil on the site is characterized by high acidity, it will have to be prepared for planting peanuts by adding the following components:

• limestone (regular or dolomitic);
• limestone tuff;
• lake lime (limestone).

Peanut prefers earth rich in calcium and magnesium. It develops best on light, as loose as possible, well-permeable water and air soils with a significant admixture of sand. If the soil in the area is dense and moisture stagnates in it, this will complicate the cultivation of the crop. Cope with adverse conditions for peanuts will help provide it good drainage. Soils with a high salt content are not suitable for peanuts. It is reduced by adding special formulations(phosphogypsum, building plaster), after which the earth must be enriched with organic fertilizers.

Landing pattern

Peanuts are planted in open ground late spring, usually in the middle or second half of May. Frosts are detrimental to the crop, so you need to wait for the days when their probability becomes minimal. Place the seeds of the plant in well-warmed soil. Its temperature should be at least 12-15°C. The growing season of the peanut is long, so in areas with temperate climate its fruits have time to ripen if it is bred seedling way. Growing peanuts on the site will be more successful when using seeds from released crop varieties.

You can also plant this nut in beans. Experienced gardeners recommend this method of breeding. Beans contain many nutritional elements that contribute to the full development of seedlings, so the sprouts will break through the soil faster and be stronger and healthier than when planting peanut seeds.

Sow the seeds in pre-prepared holes, placing 3-5 pieces in each. Peanut care is close to potato farming and involves periodic hilling of plantings. So that its cultivation does not bring trouble, the beds should be made wide - at least 45 cm, and between the rows leave at least 0.5 m of free space. It is from there that the land for hilling will be taken. Holes are made every 25-30 cm. Peanuts are planted at an average depth, the soil layer above the seeds should be 5 cm.

You can sow a peanut in a different way. Along the sides of the beds, 2 deep (10 cm) furrows are carried out. Seeds are placed in them at a distance of 8-10 cm from each other. To make caring for peanuts easier, and the plants themselves develop well, the interval between adjacent bushes should be 15 cm. If the seedlings are more frequent, they are thinned out. But this is not always the case. Some of the seeds do not germinate, some are damaged by insects. Therefore, it is better to play it safe and sow them more often. When all the seeds have been spread out, the furrows are covered with soil, leveling the surface of the beds. It is more efficient to use a rake for this, turning them upside down.

The planting of the peanut in open ground is completed with abundant watering. It is carried out with a watering can or from a hose, putting on them a special nozzle so as not to erode the soil. Planting should be watered slowly and with a weak pressure of water, thoroughly moistening the entire surface of the bed. It is better to walk along it 2-3 times in order to saturate the soil with water as much as possible. The signal for the end of watering will be the appearance of puddles in the garden. If lime or gypsum was added to the soil, after a couple of hours its surface may become covered with cracks. This is a natural consequence of the procedures carried out, it will disappear by itself after several planned waterings.

The specifics of the seedling method

Many gardeners prefer to grow crops through seedlings. The main advantage of this method over sowing peanut seeds directly in open ground is the ability to get more yield. In order for seedlings to be strong and healthy, it is important to use high-quality planting material. It is better to sow it in peat pots. In their absence, plastic or cardboard cups and any other shallow containers are suitable. The procedure is carried out in April.

Containers for future seedlings are filled with a loose and nutritious substrate. It is not difficult to prepare it at home, it is enough to thoroughly mix the soil from the site with humus and sand, taken in equal quantities. Before planting, the seeds are placed in a solution of potassium permanganate. This will reduce the risk of disease on tender seedlings.

Spreading the seeds in holes 3-4 cm deep, they are covered with soil. In order for them to germinate faster, the containers are covered with a film or glass, after which they are placed in a warm, bright place where direct sunlight does not fall on them. No home care for peanut seedlings distinctive features compared to others vegetable crops does not have. It will be possible to transplant plants to a permanent place in the garden in May, when the soil warms up enough, and the first frosts will definitely be left behind. Usually this time comes 2 weeks after germination.

Breeding peanuts indoors

Peanuts are an amazing crop that can bring a crop even in a pot. It will not be as plentiful as when grown outdoors, but how much pleasure the very fact of getting it at home will bring. Seeds or beans are planted in large pots in the spring, observing the requirements of the culture for the composition and structure of the soil. When using a whole fruit, it is recommended to slightly squeeze it with your hands so that the shell cracks slightly.

A layer of drainage must be laid at the bottom of the pot. Plant peanuts to a depth of 2 cm, placing seeds or beans in the center of the container. After carefully watering the earth in a pot, it is covered with a film in which several holes are made so that the plantings can breathe. You can use a cellophane bag. For fast seed germination at home, it is important that the room temperature does not fall below 20°C.

The soil in the pot should not dry out, but the planting will not tolerate excess moisture either. Watered grown in room conditions walnut infrequently, about once every 2 weeks. Caring for it involves regular spraying. Seedlings can be expected after 2-3 weeks. Outwardly, they look like clover. When the sprouts get a little stronger, they are thinned out, leaving 3-4 of the strongest specimens.

Agricultural rules

This nut feels most comfortable in warm weather, when the air warms up to 20 ° C and above. Temperatures in the range of 15-19 ° C do not affect the development of bushes, but lower temperatures stop their growth. Therefore, growing peanuts will require constant attention to the weather forecast. When cold days come, he will need protection. The beds are covered with a film or special material.

Landing care is easy. It consists of 5 procedures:

1. regular hilling;
2. timely removal of weeds;
3. loosening;
4. top dressing;
5. glaze.

During the growing season, peanuts are spudded 4-5 times. The frequency and correctness of the procedure depends on how much harvest the bushes will bring. The plant itself will tell you the time for the first hilling: its fruitful shoots will sink to the soil. This usually happens on the 10th day after the completion of flowering. Landings should be planted as high as possible. This will make it easier for the ovaries to penetrate the soil, and the peanuts will lay more tiers with nuts. It is better to carry out the procedure after intensive watering.

During the period of budding and flowering, the bushes need a lot of moisture. But here it is important not to overdo it, since waterlogging of the soil is fraught with rotting of peanut roots. At this time, plantings are watered a maximum of twice a week. warm water. They will also need to be fertilized with complex mineral preparations with high content phosphorus and potassium. Top dressing is carried out three times per season. When the peanut has faded, the frequency of watering is determined by weather conditions. If the summer turned out to be rainy, natural moisture will be enough for him. On dry hot days, plantings will still need watering, but rare and not plentiful.

In order for peanut fruits to ripen faster, soil moisture is minimized in September, and it is completely stopped 2 weeks before harvest.

Until the nut has closed its leaves, you need to carefully monitor the cleanliness of the beds. Weeds clog young plants, so they are regularly removed. Under mature well-developed bushes extra grass it just doesn't grow.


Growing peanuts on your property is a great way to treat yourself and loved ones to tasty and nutritious nuts. Its cultivation cannot be called laborious and troublesome, the agricultural technology of the culture is quite simple, although it will require some knowledge. Planting in well-prepared soil, hilling, watering and fertilizing - compliance with these rules will allow you to get a valuable harvest and fully enjoy the surprise and delight of those for whom peanuts are still an exotic guest on store shelves.

The difficulty in breeding a peanut can only be its exclusive dependence on heat. With its lack, the bush will simply stop growing, and you will have to forget about the harvest. Therefore, it can not be grown everywhere, but only in those areas where watermelons and melons have time to ripen over the summer. But here, too, you will need to carefully monitor the thermometer and always be ready to protect the plantings from the cold.