How to pay for heating in an apartment building. With individual meter

The page deals with such an issue as paying for heating in apartment building: calculation of the cost if there is an individual meter in the apartment, how much it costs per square meter, and also how to reduce the heating fee.

Since January 2017, apartment owners who have just started dealing with receipts for heating payments have again been forced to study their contents and know how payment for heating an apartment is calculated.

As wise human experience says, there are invariable phenomena in the world, for example, the change of seasons and the annual increase in housing and communal services tariffs.

Heating bills in an apartment building are no exception.

Problems in the system of payment for heating

Until now, in the housing code there are laws that contradict each other.

The main problems with this are:

1. The calculation of payment for heating in an apartment building is complicated, since the percentage of installation of common house meters in the country is extremely low.
2. For houses with vertical wiring No individual devices, which could be put on batteries in each apartment.
3. Complicated calculations between the difference that is formed in the readings of heat meters and its calculators, which indicate the actual consumption in kWh.

As a rule, common household appliances indicate how much heat, water or electricity was spent concrete house, while individual - for the consumption of all utilities by its residents. It should be borne in mind that IPUs are of different types.

Types of individual heat meters

Ordinary meters cut into the heating system and are equipped with two sensors that record how much heat has been used per kWh. They are effective for horizontal wiring and allowable rate heat meters in an apartment building from 1 or more.

Heat calculators determine how much of it was allocated, taking into account the heating of the radiator and air by two temperature sensors.

Heat distributors, in turn, calculate the heat transfer from the heating batteries. By law, when installing distributors, there must be at least 50% of them per apartment building.

These metering devices give readings exclusively inside heated residential premises, and they are used to pay for heating in the apartment according to meters. At the same time, there are many rooms in the apartment building common use, which also spend heat and other types of utilities, and someone has to take them into account and pay.

Common property of apartment buildings

In high-rise buildings there are many places that can be attributed to common houses:

• stairwells;
• vestibules;
• hall;
• place for concierge or security;
• corridors;
• space for wheelchairs;
• technical floor or attic and others.

How is heating paid in an apartment building? All this space is either heated from risers or receives heat from the walls of apartments, so it is important that the building has a common house meter. His performance equal parts distributed among all apartments.

In the event that there are no appliances, then heating accounting in an apartment building is calculated according to the average per 1 m2 for all residents. In order to correctly calculate, several indicators must be taken into account.

Read below how the payment for heating in the apartment is calculated.

Calculation of payment without counters

How is the payment for heating in the apartment calculated?

The existing formulas for calculating the cost of heating in an apartment, while taking into account 3 factors, if payment is made without metering devices:

1. Separately, it is calculated how much it took for each m2 of residential premises. For this, tariffs are used, expressed in Gcal/m2 (N), established in the region.
2. Really heated living space(S) excluding cold places, such as balconies and loggias.
3. Service cost (T) accepted local authorities in accordance with the number of rubles per 1 Gcal.

How is the cost of heating in an apartment without meters calculated?

Calculation of payment for heating in the apartment is made according to the formula:

Due to which tenants will see 2 columns in the receipts. One will indicate how much heating costs in an apartment, and the second - common premises. If last year the tariff for heating an apartment corresponded to 1.4, then in 2017 it was 1.6.

Unfortunately, based on Decree 1498 of December 26, 2016, from January 2017, increasing coefficients are added to the new tariff.

This applies to houses in which a special commission has determined that they are suitable for the installation of common house and individual meters.

If, after their decision, the devices were not installed, then the multiplying factor comes into force, according to which the tenants will receive a payment for heating in the apartment by 50% more than according to the tariffs.

Therefore, the calculation of the payment for heating an apartment without IPU and common house meters is carried out taking into account this coefficient. How much does a square meter of heating cost in apartments? For example, in houses in St. Petersburg built in 1980-99, where meters can be installed, but they are not, the cost of 1 Gcal per m2 will be approximately 0.033, while in 2015 it was 0.020. If the result obtained is multiplied by a new coefficient, it turns out that heating has risen in price by 2.4 times.

The new calculation of Gcal for heating in apartment buildings without common house and individual meters applies only to those buildings where a special commission decided that their installation is possible. If there was no such decision or the house cannot be equipped with metering devices, then only the new indicator 1.6 is taken into account.

How payment for heating an apartment in 2017 is calculated in the presence of IPU, read below.

Payment for heating in an apartment building in 2017 with an IPU

In order for payment for individual heating in an apartment building to be carried out by meters, 2 conditions must be met:

1. Metering devices must be installed in all apartments of the house.
2. At the entrance to the building there should be a common house meter.

How do you calculate heating for an apartment?

Thanks to the meter indicators, payment for heating in an apartment building (2017) is calculated using the formula:

P \u003d (Q IPU + Q ODN x S / S at home) x T.

• Q IPU are indicators of individual counters;
• Q ODN - the amount of heat in the whole house, except for residential premises;
• S/S houses - the area of ​​the apartment and the building;
• T is the tariff accepted in the region.

Heat saving

How to reduce the payment for heating in the apartment? The question of how to pay less for heating an apartment is asked by many of their owners. According to statistics, already in 2016 more than 10% of residents were unable to pay the cost of heating in an apartment building in winter period, and for the majority, unaffordable tariffs have become a "black hole" in the family budget.

In 2017, these figures may increase significantly.

How to reduce the payment for heating in the apartment? First thing, it is worth investing in the installation of meters, both common and individual.

If the payment is charged by the management company, then the cost of heating the apartment includes all its expenses in case of heat loss, that is, the tenants owe her money even before the heat has come to their housing.

As practice shows, in the presence of metering devices, the cost of heating, for example, 3 room apartment it costs the owners less than those who have a "kopeck piece" without them.

It is worth checking the thermal insulation of the apartment, since if it is violated, the installation of meters will not give visible savings. Especially carefully it is worth examining windows and doors through which the cold most often penetrates into the premises. If it is not possible to replace them, then it is enough to close up the cracks so that the apartment gets warmer.

If the heating system allows, then you can install thermostats on batteries and monitor the amount of heat, reducing it, for example, on warm days or when no one is in the apartment during the day.

When finances allow, you can abandon central heating by equipping autonomous system . Choice alternative sources heat in today's energy market is great. It is enough to apply for a refusal and indicate what will be used for heating the home. If the chosen method does not contradict SNiP, then you can proceed with the re-equipment of the apartment.

As a rule, the use of even the simplest of the listed methods can significantly reduce the cost of heating a home.

Thus, we can conclude that from January 2017, in houses that are subject to the installation of heat meters, it is better to have them, otherwise residents will have to overpay 50% more than at the indicated tariffs. Where there are meters, the calculation is carried out according to a simple formula that takes into account their performance, and by taking steps to reduce heat loss, you can save money.

I received another payment for a communal apartment and was stunned. The heating bill reaches 4.5 thousand rubles. Moreover, it cannot be said that the batteries are especially hot. How to explain it? Many Russians are asking themselves a similar question this winter. After all, the rates for thermal energy since January 1, 2018 have not changed, and the amount has often increased. So that everyone can calculate whether we are charged, we will tell you how the calculation is carried out.

If there is a public meter

If a high-rise building is equipped with a common house metering device, then residents pay for heating according to the fact: how much they spent on heating the house, they will take that much, dividing the amount in proportion to the footage of the apartments. How more apartment the more expensive.

To find out how much it took for a particular living space, you need to divide the area of ​​\u200b\u200byour apartment by total area non-residential, but heated premises in the house. We multiply the amount received by the volume that was required to heat the house, and again by the established tariff. The initial data for the calculation can be obtained from the Criminal Code. For example, heating a 10-story building requires 350 gigacalories. The apartment has an area of ​​50 square meters. All premises occupy 15,000 square meters. The tariff for heat is 1800 rubles per 1 gigacalorie. Substituting the data into the formula, we get 1890 rubles.

The meter is standing, but we pay for heat all year round

Even with a meter, heating charges can be charged throughout the year. In this case, the total amount in the payment is determined as the product of the tariff, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe apartment, the average monthly volume that was required to heat the house for the previous year. We must divide the result obtained by the area of ​​​​all apartments and non-residential premises in the house. The tariff, the area of ​​​​the apartment and the house are the same, and the amount of thermal energy, determined according to the readings of the common house meter for the previous year, is 1900 gigacalories (we divide this figure by 12 months). We get 948 rubles.

If there is no heat meter

The easiest way to calculate the payment for heating in a house in which there is no meter. If heating is paid only in heating season, then the amount of the fee is determined as the product of the area of ​​​​the apartment, the standard for the consumption of utility services for heating and the tariff. If you have to pay for heating all year round, you need to multiply the amount of heating payment received by the number of months of the heating period (for example, from October to April) and divide by 12 months.

Housing calculator

The other day, the Ministry of Construction presented a unified methodology for determining the amount of payment for a dwelling, which includes maintenance and current repairs. common property in the House. According to it, the municipalities will be able to establish the procedure for regulating the payment for housing, if the owners have not determined its size at the general meeting. The main "fork" is whether to determine the cost of maintenance fees for residential premises by type of houses or based on the set of works that the management company performs. Then the tenants could use this set as a "calculator".

According to Svetlana Razvorotneva, Executive Director of the National Center for Public Control in the Housing and Public Utilities Sector "ZhKKh Kontrol", setting the cost housing service by types of houses will make it possible to strictly limit the growth in the cost of this service. In addition, this technique is easier to apply - residents can easily understand what type of house they have. Although the disadvantages are also obvious - there are many houses in Russia and each has its own characteristics.

An alternative approach would be to list a set of jobs to be carried out in the home based on its specifications and degree of improvement. In this case, the tariff is individual for each house.

Razvorotneva believes that the "calculator" of the fee is needed for the tenants so that they can check the correctness of the size of the fee that the management company sets. And contractors need it to set an economically justified tariff, and not be guided by average calculations of municipalities, which are often far from reality.

point-blank question

If there are no meters in the house, then the size of the payment for heating during the year and from year to year should not change. With metering devices, the fee may differ.

Objectively, the size of the payment for heating depends on the temperature outside, the lower the degree, the higher the payment. But often this dependence is not respected. This is because heat supply organizations are interested in maximizing profit from the sale of heat. Even if a metering device is installed in the house, they are ready to supply thermal energy in an overestimated volume. It is not difficult to check this: if there is an overflow in the house and the residents are forced to open the windows, this certainly means that the thermal workers are abusing their monopoly position, - says Vladilen Prokofiev, director of the Urban Economy department of the Institute of Urban Economics.

Management companies should ensure that thermal workers do not misbehave. But, unfortunately, they do not always fulfill their duties. Citizens need to fix the fact of overflow. The existing temperature range is 18-25 degrees. If there is more on the thermometer, invite a representative of the Criminal Code, who will draw up an act. After that, you need to request a recalculation.

There is another way. According to the results heating season it is necessary to calculate the amount of heat that the house should have consumed if the thermal workers complied with the requirements of the law. It is better to involve a professional for this. Compare the results of the calculation with the volumes set by the meter. If the numbers are very different, then ask for a recalculation.

Payment for services central heating has become a significant item in the budget expenditure item for families living in apartment buildings. The question of how to calculate heating in an apartment remains open for most consumers, therefore, the number of subscribers who seek to comprehend the difficult methodology by which payment for heat consumption is calculated has increased.

Payment without heat meters

The principle of the technique is quite simple: the volume of consumed heat energy and the amount of payment is calculated according to the total quadrature of the dwelling, and the cost of heating an apartment in this situation is determined by the formula P = S x N x T, where:

• P - the amount of money that needs to be deposited;
• S - total area (displayed in technical documentation dwellings, unit of measurement - m 2);
• N- normative value heat energy allocated to heat the area, the amount of 1 m 2 for a full month, including holidays and weekends (unit - Gcal / m²);
• T - energy tariff (cost of 1 Gcal of thermal energy).

Heating bills have skyrocketed

Tariffication of utilities for apartment owners is established by the state executive bodies. When setting the price for the heat supply service, the cost of heat generation and Maintenance equipment for centralized heating systems. A special commission is engaged in the establishment of specific heat standards, the values ​​of which depend on climatic conditions and are set individually for each region.

In order to correctly calculate the cost of heating in an apartment building, you need to contact the office of the company providing heat supply services and find out the value of the approved tariff, as well as the standard value of heat energy. Using the formula, you can calculate how much the heat supply of one square meter costs in an apartment or private house connected to centralized heating (for this, S is replaced by the number 1).

Calculation example: studio apartment with an area of ​​33 m² is supplied with heat at a tariff rate of 1850 rubles per gigacalorie. The heat consumption rate is 0.024 Gcal/m². The cost of heating in the apartment is calculated in the following way: P \u003d 33 x 0.024 x 1850 \u003d 1465.2 rubles.

This technique is used in buildings in which the installation of common house meters is not possible due to design features. If the metering device was installed with the node entered in the system registry after 2017, an increasing index of 1.5 is added to the formula: P \u003d S x 1.5 N x T. This formula applies only if heating is paid without the use of metering devices .

An increase in the cost of heat supply by one and a half times is provided for by Decree No. 603. It can be applied in the following situations: theft or damage to a heat meter; long time there was no transfer of meter readings for the heat supply organization.

Year-round accruals

In a situation where residents need to pay for heat supply services constantly throughout the year, and input apartment building is not equipped with a metering unit, the index K is included in the formula for calculating heat energy, which shows the frequency of making payments for services for the entire calendar year: P = S x (N x K) x T.

The index value is determined by dividing the number of months of the heating season by the number of months in a year. A two-room apartment with a total area of ​​56 m², which consumes 0.024 Gcal / m² of thermal energy, will be considered as a sample. First, the index of periodicity is determined with the duration of the heating period of 7 months: K = 7 ÷ 12 = 0.583. The result obtained is substituted into the formula: P \u003d 56 x (0.024 x 0.583) x 1850 \u003d 1449.57 rubles. As a result of the calculations, the amount that must be paid every month throughout the year was obtained.

If for some reason there is no heat meter in the house, then the formula is supplemented with a multiplying factor of 1.5: P = S x 1.5 (N x K) x T. In this case, to calculate the heating tariff, the monthly payment is multiplied by the index 1.5. The result is 1449.57 x 1.5 = 2174.35 rubles.

correct utility bills. Cold and hot water

Using a common house heat meter

This technique is used in high-rise buildings when calculating payments for central heating services in an apartment. Calculate the cost of heat supply for cold period it is possible according to the formula P = V x S / Stot x T, where:

Determining the size of the subscription fee using an example two-room apartment: total area of ​​the apartment - 56 m²; the area of ​​​​all rooms and apartments of the house - 7000 m²; monthly volume of heat energy consumed - 123 Gcal; price per unit of thermal energy - 1850 rubles. Substituting all the necessary values ​​into the formula, determine the amount of the monthly subscription fee: P = 123 x 56 / 7000 x 1850 = 1820.4 rubles.

According to the new rules, it is necessary to pay for heating in rooms equipped with personal heat meters, based on the data recorded by common house metering devices and the volumes of utility resources accrued according to the standards. To calculate the consumption of thermal energy, you can use the online calculator.

Calculation of heating batteries. Rules and mistakes.

The main problem of this method is not the difficulty of calculations, but the extraction of primary information. Apartment owners who want to check the correctness of the amount due for payment will need to find out last year's information from the common house meter or write it down in advance. In addition, an annual adjustment is made against new meter readings.

Cause of different amounts

This issue arose at the same time as different methods payment for heat energy: by area (indicator of norms), using general or personal heat meters. The difference in monthly payments is due to the presence or absence of heat meters. The presence of this measuring device can significantly reduce the payment for heat supply services, since the consumer pays for the actually used energy resources.

Sometimes there are situations in which residents of neighboring houses receive receipts for paying for heating for different amounts, regardless of those installed in the room. measuring instruments. There may be several reasons:

1. 1. Heating of neighboring houses is provided by different heat supply organizations, tariff plans which may differ;
2. 2. Increased level of heat loss;
3. 3. Malfunction of heat meters due to the fault of the manufacturers.

Large amounts in heating bills may arise due to the engineering features of buildings. brick walls store thermal energy much more efficiently than reinforced concrete, so houses made of panel blocks lose brick structures in terms of energy saving.

In light of the regular increase in the cost of utilities, consumers are increasingly asking questions about how to pay less for electricity, gas, water and, of course, heating, the price of which bites the most. And if the owners of private households are faced with a quite simple and realistic task to accomplish - to increase the efficiency of the heat preservation of their homes, put a good boiler and change battered batteries for new ones, with regulators, then the owners of apartments in high-rise buildings can only rely on the sanity of the service provider and it is logical reasonable rates. Many uninitiated people are interested in the quite reasonable question of why we pay for heating in the summer. In today's article, we will try to answer it, and also look into such nuances as the cost of apartment heating services and possible ways to reduce it.

Reasonable question

So, let's first find out why we pay for heating in the summer, although the batteries in the apartments become cold as early as mid-May, if not earlier. This "injustice" worries a large number of of people. It is especially relevant for those who have just begun to comprehend the basics of the science of paying for utilities, because older people know that in this way the amount in payments that come to the population monthly is reduced.

According to a decree adopted at the state level, at the end of each winter season, the services responsible for supplying heat to apartments calculate and adjust the cost of the services they provide. Heating tariffs that owners will see personal accounts in receipts, depend on many factors, but the cost of the energy carrier is fundamental. It also includes a fee for the service of communications, their current repair and modernization, payment wages, taxes. The final price as a result is broken down not by the number of months that actually make up the heating season, but by the entire calendar year. Thus, the financial burden on apartment owners is reduced.

Solution from above

This is a nationwide practice that can be changed at the discretion of local authorities, when a different payment schedule is adopted by a collective decision, and people contribute funds for using the service, albeit in larger size but not throughout the year. Then the tenants of the apartments do not have a question about why we pay for heating in the summer, but this does not mean at all that during the warm season in the “Heating” column they will have zeros.

The service provider may charge a certain amount, which will be calculated not for direct heat supply, but, for example, for mains maintenance. Of course, the cost of heating in the summer will then be much lower than others, but in the winter they will have to seriously fork out.

How is the rate calculated?

The amount that is written in the column "payable" consists of two components. First of all, this is the direct cost of the service for providing heat to each individual apartment, but the receipt also includes compensation from residents for the fact that the management company heats common areas, and not just square meters that fall under private ownership. What does it mean? The fact that heating tariffs include the supply of heat to the entrance, flights of stairs, corridors, basements. By the way, apartment residents have to pay with their hard-earned money not only directly for hot batteries, but also for other components that make up the cost of heating, which we have already mentioned a little higher.

This is the main answer to the question of why we pay for heating all year round. Indeed, if the payment were calculated only at the time of actual use of the service, it would be too high, especially considering the current price for this utility service.

Since July 2017, the national tariff has increased by an average of 4%. On the this moment it is not the same in different regions, although there are no significant differences. So, in the capital it is 1747 rubles / Gcal, in St. Petersburg - 1678 rubles, Tula - 1782 rubles, Pskov - 1720 rubles, Kazan - 1647 rubles, Perm - 1820 rubles, Saratov - 1819 rubles, Novosibirsk - 1394 rubles, Chelyabinsk - 1211 rubles.

constant variable

heating payment in summer period and in winter is usually the same and is calculated according to the main formula, which looks like this:

• Payment \u003d consumption standard x total area of ​​\u200b\u200bhousing x tariff.

The consumption standard is also calculated by the service provider once a year. Let's note one more nuance. In the case when an individual heating meter is not installed in an apartment or house, the tariff is recalculated upward according to a factor of 1.6. That is, in fact, the amount in the payment increases by 60% due to the lack of a device that reads the amount of thermal energy that the residential building uses.

An important nuance in the matter of pricing is the duration of the heating season. Many Russians are concerned about the question of whether it is legal to pay for heating in the summer if the batteries were turned off in the middle of spring due to favorable conditions. weather conditions. In theory, the heat communal service should recalculate and take into account the actual overpayment for the next period, thereby reducing the next payment, but, alas, it is almost impossible to control this in practice.

As practice shows, utility services occur annually. At the moment, the authorities do not foresee sharp jumps in heating prices, according to government officials, this difference should not exceed the inflation rate included in the budget.

However, in any case, the population is faced with a rather acute need to optimize the use of energy resources. It can help to save money. It is installed on an individual basis by special services after agreement with the service provider. However, this issue has its own pitfalls.

Don't be fooled!

One of the main misconceptions among those who have just set out to install such a device in their housing is that they will have to pay only for the amount of thermal energy that actually gets into the apartment. However, the payment for heating during the summer period may still be included in the total payment for public Utilities. Another question is that the amount will appear there is insignificant, since it will be a payment for heating the entrance and some other price components.

There is also a significant difference in where exactly the counter is located. It can be shared or residential. for heating in the first case? The person responsible for carrying out the calculations calculates how much the heating of the entire house cost during the reporting period, and, dividing this number by the number of apartments (taking into account the square meters of each of them), will distribute the entire amount among their owners.

How to reduce heat consumption?

If your house has individual system heating, it is important to learn how to save on heating, because how much you have to pay for this service depends largely on you. First of all, it is necessary to minimize the possible ways of heat dissipation to the street:

• put good windows;
• replace entrance doors or eliminate the gaps in the opening;
• insulate walls and ceilings.

It is very important to know how to use modern technologies. A occupancy-sensing thermostat instructs the system to increase or decrease the heat in the room as needed. You can also do this manually by installing control valves on batteries.

Use less = pay less?

These recommendations will be useful not only for “individualists”, they are also good for those who use central heating. Qualitatively insulated walls and windows will better preserve normal temperature in the apartment, especially considering the fact that not all boiler rooms meet the standards.

So, according to the standards, in winter the temperature in the living room should be within 20-23 degrees, in the kitchen and in the toilet - 19-21 degrees, and in the bathroom - at least 24 degrees. In fact, we have 16-18 degrees, which, according to the law, are possible only in lobbies, entrances and inter-apartment corridors. So it turns out that by warming up or using to save money, you will not, but you can create a more favorable microclimate in your house, but the question of why we pay for heating in the summer will remain open (given the level of services provided).

Investment for the future

When does the house have autonomous heating system or at least a meter, this is more beneficial for apartment owners in terms of cost savings. So the communal in any case will be cheaper to manage. But it is even more profitable to have counters right in the apartment. Before installing this appliance, you need to find out how the system is organized in your home. Pipes can be looped and run along the perimeter of the apartment from one room to another, but there are buildings where heating risers are installed. Then the counter will need to be placed on each of them, and this will turn out to be an impressive amount. However, such an acquisition in any case will pay off pretty quickly.

I don't want to and won't?

In today's article, we discussed whether we have to pay for heating in the summer. Yes, such a fee is quite reasonable, because it helps to reduce the burden of material costs placed on our own wallets. However, in some cases it is possible to agree with the service provider not to break down the annual cost of heating into 12 months and to pay for it only after the fact. To do this, it is necessary to renegotiate the contract with the utility, in which the subscriber and the supplier will agree on a new schedule and amount of the monthly payment.

The calculation of tariffs for utilities for an apartment is carried out in accordance with Government Decree No. 354 of 2011. Calculation of the cost of utilities in apartments is carried out monthly. The amount of payment depends on the tariffs of the resource supply company. They are set depending on the level of price regulation by the state. Any premises and utilities are inseparable.

Important Factors

When figuring out how to calculate utility bills, keep in mind that the final amount of payment will depend on many indicators. The amount of payments that are charged in apartments different areas, different . The formation of the total amount without counters is affected by:

• area of ​​the room;
• type of premises (non-residential and residential);
• the number of registered citizens in the living area;
• terms of contracts;
• utility consumption standard for heating, for water, gas without a meter, electricity.

If meters are installed, then the calculation is carried out according to an individual metering device. The total amount depends on the tariff:

• water on the counter;
• for heating according to a common house meter or a heating tariff according to the norm;
• payment for gas (1 m3);
• for electricity.

Tariffs for payment are set in the regions on different levels. Local administrations calculate tariffs and inform the population by placing appropriate notices in periodicals. The receipt for the communal apartment also contains information about the tariffs.

Heat payment

Residents pay for heating the apartment depending on the standards or meter readings. In 2015, they wanted to change the procedure for calculating the payment for heating in an apartment. Previously, local authorities could choose how to calculate heating bills:

• monthly 1/12 of the annual amount of payments;
• in the amount of actually consumed thermal energy during the heating season.

In 2017, we decided to leave the opportunity to pay for heat as 1/12 of the total amount. How to calculate the heating in the apartment, decide the local authorities.

In 2017, consumers have the right to demand a recalculation of heating on the following grounds:

• the temperature in the room is less than 18 0С, in the corner - 20 0С;
• emergency interruption of heat supply during the heating period exceeded the period of 16 hours in a row, 24 hours in total per month (if the apartment had more than 12 0С, recalculation of heating on this basis is not carried out)
• apartment heating standards may deviate by ±4 0С (3 0С at night).

Calculation of the cost of heating in an apartment building depends on the established cost of heating according to the norm, if general building meters for heating are not installed. In the presence of general appliance heating charges are calculated depending on its indications. Many people say that metered heating is cheaper. For comparison, it is necessary to calculate the heating in the apartment according to the norm and compare it with a similar apartment, where payment for heating is calculated according to a common meter.

Methods for calculating the cost of heat

The calculations take into account the consumption rate, the heating fee according to the standard and the area. Accrual for heating non-residential premises under the new rules is carried out together with accruals in apartments. The standard takes into account the cost of common house heat. On its basis, payment is calculated for each apartment, for non-residential premises.

P = S * T * N, where

P - the cost of heating in the apartment;

S is the area of ​​the heated room;

T - the established tariff for heating the apartment, according to which payment is made;

N - consumption rate.

According to the calculated results, an invoice for heating is issued.

How is heating calculated in an apartment with an installed meter? The procedure for calculating the heating fee depends on the availability of apartment meters and metering devices in non-residential premises.

If there is a common building meter for heating, payment is made as follows. Calculation of payment for heating the house:

the amount of heat energy consumed, which is shown by the heating meter, is multiplied by the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house.

How is the heating in the apartment calculated if a common house heating meter and individual metering devices have been installed. Calculation of payment for heating in rooms takes into account:

• area;
• indications issued by a common house meter for heating;
• readings of apartment meters;
• meter readings for payment for heating non-residential premises;
• tariff for heating according to the common house meter.

The heating bill, which is received monthly by the owner of each apartment and the user of the rented premises during the heated season, takes into account the personally consumed energy and the heat allocated to the general needs of the house. How is the heating fee calculated in this case? Payment for heating is made according to an individual meter, taking into account the readings of the general building meter for heating. Heating in an apartment building in non-residential premises is calculated by analogy with apartments.

How is the heating fee calculated in an apartment building? The heat spent for general house needs is distributed in proportion to the heated area occupied by each non-residential premises and apartments.

How to calculate the cost of heating if metering devices are not in all rooms? In this case, the calculation of the amount of payment for heating is carried out according to common house meters. Heating according to the meter installed in the apartment will be considered when all rooms are equipped with metering devices. Separately, it is necessary to find out how heating is considered in high-rise building. The heating of the main area is divided proportionally between all residents.

For heating non-residential premises, payment is also charged. If the house does not have a meter, heating in non-residential premises paid according to the standard depending on its area. The calculation of the price of heating by the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room, heating without meters is applied. The amount depends on how the heating of the apartment in the house is calculated. The heating bill must be paid in the month in which it is received. Otherwise, debts are formed.

Gas payment

When installing an individual gas heating device or use gas appliances, you should find out the procedure for paying for gas without metering devices. Calculation for gas is carried out according to established standards. How are utility bills for gas supply calculated? The price is set based on the tariff, the standard consumption volume and the number of registered citizens.

Payment for utility services for gas supply in households is made according to metering devices, if they have not only gas stove and other gas equipment.

How is the payment for heating in an apartment equipped with gas boiler if the meter is not installed or is out of order? The payment for heating in the household is calculated based on:

• average monthly consumption rate;
• area of ​​heated premises;
• the number of registered persons;
• degree of improvement (presence of a centralized supply hot water).

Payment for heating in non-residential premises is made on the basis of meter readings.

How is heating calculated in houses with gas boilers? Calculation of the payment for heating in households is made on the basis of meter readings. Owners do not receive receipts for centralized heating, but an invoice for gas heating.

Water use

Consumers know that it is more profitable to pay for water by the meter. Separately charged for cold and hot water.

It is easy to calculate water consumption by the meter: the volume consumed is multiplied by the established tariff. In this case, separate meters for cold and hot water should be installed. It is on them that the calculation of utility bills for water consumption is carried out.

Payment for utilities for sewerage should also be calculated by meters. Any online calculator will be able to give you the amount you need if you enter the current and previous readings for water on the meter (the consumption of cold, hot water, sewerage is recorded separately).

If a common house meter is installed, then residents still have to pay for the cost of common house needs. That is, the payment of utility services for such a metering device increases due to:

• various leaks;
• underestimation of indicators of metering devices by neighbors;
• undocumented residents.

In the absence of metering devices, the amount of water consumption without meters will be calculated at the rate per 1 person. The calculation rules are as follows. To find out how much to pay, you need to multiply the norm for water consumption per person in cubes by the corresponding tariff. The total amount will depend on the number of residents.

Moscow has introduced increasing coefficients to stimulate the installation of metering devices. If you have the opportunity to put a meter, but you do not do it, then you have to pay 1.5 times the calculated amount. Since 2017 - 1.6 times. And taking into account high consumption rates, payment for utilities for water supply hits the budget well. We pay the amounts calculated taking into account the multiplying coefficients without fail, because otherwise debts will accumulate.

Electricity

When figuring out how to calculate utilities, one should remember the need to figure out how to calculate the consumed electricity. The utility bill calculator will help simplify the task.

Payment is made according to the readings of electricity meters. It should be included in the overall calculation of the amount of utility bills. The calculation of utilities in terms of the supply of electricity is done as follows: the volume consumed is multiplied by the established tariff.

In the absence of a metering device, its malfunction, the calculation of utilities for electricity supply is carried out as follows:

the established standard for 1 person is multiplied by the tariff and by the number of living citizens.

It will not work without paying for electricity, because the premises and utilities that are provided are connected. The electricity supplier will simply disconnect the house or apartment from the network.

Calculation of a communal apartment

It is necessary to take into account the fact that the premises and utilities are the same when figuring out the features of how to calculate utilities.

The total amount of payment for utilities will consist of paying:

• heating according to the area of ​​​​the room or according to the meter;
• electricity;
• water;
• gas;
• the cost of maintaining residential premises.

The calculation of the amount of payment for utilities includes the calculation of the rent. For information on how to calculate rent, please contact management company or HOA. They will tell you what is included in the payments, and will name the amount that tenants must transfer monthly.

Every citizen has the right to independently check housing and communal services tariffs by raising the appropriate regulations. If he does not agree with how the heating in the apartment is considered, then you can write an application to the Criminal Code, the heat supplier or decide contentious issues judicially.

When figuring out how to calculate utilities, keep in mind that rent includes the cost of maintaining residential premises, management, current repair and protection. The calculation of utility bills is carried out according to the quadrature of the occupied premises.