How to care for an orange tree at home. orange tree care

Indoor orange (Citrus sinensis)

Orange or orange tree (lat. Citrus sinensis) - an evergreen tree of the Rutov family, originally from China. These lovely trees grown in China as early as 200 BC. To Europe Orange tree brought by the Portuguese in the 15th century and at first only aristocrats could taste the sweet fruits. Orange came to Russia only in the 17th century and became an exquisite delicacy of the nobles.

Orange fruits contain a whole complex of vitamins. Orange juice is recommended for the treatment of hypovitaminosis, vascular and liver diseases, and metabolic disorders. These citrus fruits contain special substances, pectins, which improve the functioning of the large intestine and the digestive process in general.

Indoor oranges are small evergreen trees. Mature plants reach a height of 1-2 m. They bloom with fragrant white flowers. Fruiting of indoor oranges usually begins at the age of 3-5 years, depending on the variety.

Indoor orange - popular varieties:

• Pavlovsk orange: ornamental undersized variety, up to 1m high. The fruits ripen within 7-9 months. Propagated in March by cuttings
• Gamlin: medium height, early ripe variety. The height of an adult plant rarely exceeds 1.5 m. The fruits have juicy pulp, few seeds, and taste sweet and sour. They ripen in late autumn.
• Orange Washington Navel: Early ripe, medium-sized variety, most common in indoor gardening. The height of an adult tree reaches 1-2 m. It blooms in spring with white fragrant flowers at 3-4 years of age. The fruits are juicy, sweet and sour, weighing up to 200-300 g. Propagated by cuttings.

Buy indoor orange and seedlings Washington Navel you can in our store

Indoor orange - Care

Lighting:Orange is a photophilous plant. The optimal place for growing is near the southern and eastern windows. In order to avoid burns on the leaves in a particularly hot time, it is better to shade the tree. For uniform development of the crown, wrap the pot with the plant around the axis. Sunlight for an orange tree is especially important during fruit ripening, with a lack of light, the fruits become less sweet.

In summer, it is advisable to take the orange tree out into the open air: a balcony, a terrace, a garden. Fresh air give strength to your pet.

Temperature: For budding and flowering of the plant, it is optimal to maintain the temperature at 15-18 ° C. With more high temperature(about 25-28 °C) intensive growth of this heat-loving tree begins. Indoor orange does not tolerate cold, so make sure that the temperature does not fall below 5 ° C.

Air humidity: In order for your tree to feel comfortable, it needs to be sprayed periodically (at least once a day). Humidity is especially relevant for a plant in rooms with dry air.

Watering:In spring and summer, you need to provide abundant watering to the orange. The plant does not tolerate overdrying of the soil. In autumn, watering is reduced from 1 time per day to 2 times a week.

Top dressing:Fertilize an orange start in the spring ready-made fertilizers for citrus fruits or diluted in water (1 to 20) and chicken manure infused for a week.

Transfer:It is better to produce by transshipment, i.e. remove the plant from the pot with an earthy clod and place it in a larger pot, adding the required amount of soil. It is not recommended to transplant an orange tree during flowering or fruiting. Therefore, you need to do this in the spring, before the start of the growing season.

Transplantation of fruiting oranges is carried out no more than 1 time in 2-3 years. The soil for transplantation is prepared from a mixture of turf, leaf ground, humus, sand in a ratio of 2:1:1:1 for young seedlings and in a ratio of 3:1:1:1 for adult plants.

Important:Make sure the plant has good drainage.

Pruning and shaping.You need to cut off the branches growing inside the crown, which thicken it. It is also necessary to cut off weak and strongly elongated shoots. On the branches of the first order, a couple of branches of the second order are left, on the branches of the second - three to five branches of the third. On branches of the fourth order, orange fruits are usually formed.

Blossoming of an orange tree.The fragrant aroma will immediately remind you of the presence of an orange tree. Orange blooms with white fragrant flowers, usually in summer, sometimes flower buds are tied at other times of the year.

Fruiting: Orange begins fruiting at 3-4 years of age. In order for the plant to feel comfortable and have the strength to develop and bear fruit, it is necessary to cut off about half of the buds. When the orange first blooms, leave 3-4 ovaries. In older plants (4-6 years old), 5-7 ovaries can be left.

Reproduction: Oranges are usually propagated by cuttings, seeds and grafting. But if you want to get juicy fruits with a rich taste, then it is better to buy an indoor orange seedling in a specialized store. The fact is that an orange grown from a seed begins to bear fruit after about 15 years, and cuttings are difficult to root.

Diseases and pests.The orange tree is most often affected by scale insects and spider mites.

A good remedy against scale insects is rubbing leaves and branches with a cotton swab dipped in emulsion: 2 tbsp. spoons of washing powder, 40 g laundry soap diluted in 1 glass of water. 3-4 hours after wiping, wash off the composition from the tree, making sure that the water with the emulsion does not enter the soil. Repeat the treatment 2 more times within 2 weeks.

Helps against spider mites lather. Treat the leaves and branches of the plant once a month. After processing (when the tree dries), wash off the foam in the shower, after covering the ground with a plastic bag.

Indoor orange in winter.In the autumn-winter period, limit watering, remove the plant away from heating appliances. If the plant is at rest, then the temperature should be maintained at 10-12 °C.

Interesting Orange Facts: In the Middle Ages, orange peel was used to cure fever, orange juice served as a remedy for scurvy, oranges were used for intestinal and kidney diseases.

PHOTO ROOM ORANGE. CLICK ON THE MINIATURE TO ENLARGE IMAGE

Orange indoor varieties"Washington Navel"

VIDEO: ROOM LEMONS, ORANGE, MANDARINES

How to properly care for citrus fruits. Transplantation, cultivation of indoor citrus fruits.

Like lemon Tree, an orange can be grown at home - as practice shows, if you create good conditions for the trees, they can even bear fruit, however, it will take at least 10 years to wait for the harvest in the apartment. Basically, indoor plants, oranges, are bred because of their decorative qualities, because the smooth, shiny leaves of these crops do not lose their beauty even in the absence of fruiting.

Origin of the orange plant

Orange (Citrus sinensis) belongs to the Rutovye family, its homeland is East Asia.

This is a very common and ancient citrus plant. It does not occur in the wild. The history of the orange began, presumably, around 4000 BC. e. in Southeast Asia. In ancient chronicles, it is mentioned earlier than other citrus fruits.

In China, orange trees were grown in 220 BC. e. Later, this culture spread to Egypt, North Africa, and the Mediterranean countries. The first Europeans to taste the orange were the soldiers of Alexander the Great. The ancient Greek botanist Theophrastus, accompanying Alexander the Great during his campaign of conquest in India, described in detail and accurately the outlandish fruits of the orange. In Europe, starting from the 11th century, sour orange was grown, brought by the Moors to the Mediterranean. It is also known from the history of the origin of the orange that in the 15th century it was brought from Palestine by the Portuguese crusaders, so for a long time they were called “Portuguese fruits”.

At first, sweet orange was bred only in the gardens of aristocrats. They paid a lot of money to have a tree not with sour, but with sweet fruits. Juicy beautiful oranges were to the taste of noble persons and were served at the table as an exquisite delicacy. Orange trees planted in tubs adorned the gardens of the noble nobility in the summer, and for the winter they were removed to specially built premises - greenhouses (“orange trees”).

French gardeners of the Renaissance managed to candy fruits directly on the branches, so that the nobles, walking in the garden, could feast on ready-made candied fruit, removing them from the tree.

Orange came to America in 1493, during the second voyage of Christopher Columbus to the shores of the New World. The seeds of golden fruits were sown on the island of Tahiti, from where the orange was later brought to Florida.

The aboriginal Indians liked the tasty fruits very much; during their migrations across the expanses of America, they lost orange grains, which unwittingly contributed to its spread.

In Russia, the fruits of the orange plant were first tasted in the 17th century. The boyars appreciated the taste and aroma of "golden apples" - they found them "very biting and having great sweetness." They began to grow orange trees in tubs, which they kept in mansions and wards in winter, saving them from bitter frosts. Russian name"orange" comes from the German "Apfelsine", which means "Chinese apple".

Currently, the orange is one of the most popular fruits in the world, the wonderful taste of which is enjoyed by millions of people. Orange plantations occupy about 500 thousand hectares, and the annual global harvest is more than 30 million tons. Orange trees are grown in the greenhouses of many botanical gardens.

Since the orange in many countries was difficult to grow on open field, then special greenhouses were created for him - glazed greenhouses. The word "greenhouse" (orangerie) is translated from French as "orange", because "orange" in French is an orange. From French "orange" migrated to English, turning into "orange" (orange) and in this form appeared before lovers of carbonated drinks around the world. This word goes back to the Sanskrit (ancient Indian) "naranga", which the Persians converted into "naranj", or otherwise "narinj" - the Persians first called sour orange (orange) this word. Orange can be grown at home in a regular pot. At home, an orange does not bear fruit, but this slight disappointment is compensated by the pleasant aroma of its leaves.

What does an orange look like: photo and description

Orange is an evergreen fruit tree. Some types of plants reach a height of 13 meters. In rooms it grows up to 1 - 1.5 m, undersized varieties are compact (0.6–0.8 m).

Orange has a compact rounded shape, large quantity glossy dark green leaves containing fragrant essential oils. The leaves are entire-extreme or slightly serrated, dark green, slightly fragrant, petioles are narrow. Each leaf lives up to two years.

As you can see in the photo, the flowers of the orange plant are medium in size, bisexual, white, very fragrant:

Blooms usually in spring. Orange branches are often thorny (thorns can be up to 5 cm long). The fruits are spherical or elongated, golden-orange in color. Its bright, juicy fruits are multi-celled berries, the so-called hesperidia. In many varieties, fruits are formed without pollination. The shape of the fruit is spherical or egg-shaped, from 7 to 15 cm in diameter, the pulp has 10-13 segments (parts), contains up to 35% juice, tastes good, sweet-sour, fragrant. The skin, from orange, almost yellow, to dark red, adheres tightly to the pulp, smooth and shiny, fragrant.

See what an orange looks like in its natural habitat:

The fruiting of the orange is annual.

The bulk of the fruits are eaten fresh and in the form of fragrant, tasty and healthy juice. They are of great importance in the food and confectionery industry, where they are used to make jam, marshmallow, candied fruits, liqueurs, and tonic drinks. Orange oil, obtained by pressing from the peel of the fruit, has a sweet fruity aroma, is used in the manufacture of perfumes and cosmetics, and in medicine.

Below is a description of the varieties and type of orange.

Types and varieties of oranges: photo and description of plants

The list of varieties of oranges is updated annually with 10–15 new ones. All varieties cultivated in the world are divided into early, mid-early and late varieties according to the fruit ripening time. In addition, they differ in the typical color of the fruit (yellow, red). Such morphological characteristics as the shape of the fruit, the surface of the skin of an orange, vary greatly depending on the growing area, soils, and feeding. All types of orange are divided into sweet, regular and sour.

Orange varieties are divided into three groups:

• first group- varieties with fruits that are ordinary and familiar in shape and appearance, that is, rounded, with a beautiful even skin;
• second group includes varieties with an underdeveloped fruit (in the form of a navel on top of a developed fruit);
• to the third group include kinglets - varieties with red flesh and reddish skin.

Varieties of the first group form fruits of different sizes: from small, weighing 100–120 g, to large, 300–480 g, spherical or oval, with a large number of seeds, characterized by high yield.

Varieties of the second group, often referred to as umbilical, are distinguished by large fruits, reaching 500–600 g, with a characteristic mastoid outgrowth at the top of the fruit (navel), formed by the overgrown base of the ovary column. Orange pulp is dense, slightly crunchy, bright orange in color, excellent taste and aroma. Seeds are absent or few.

Varieties of the third group - kinglets - are characterized by short stature and medium-sized fruits (weighing up to 170 g) with bright red and very tasty pulp juice. Kinglets have high quality fruits, but differ in their late ripening. There are few seeds.

These photos show types of oranges that differ in their taste:

Characteristics and description of varieties of indoor oranges

Varieties of indoor oranges include:"Washington Nawel", "Gamlin" ("Gamlin"), "Valencia" ("Valencia"), "Moro" ("Mogo"). You can also grow oranges of the following varieties at home.

Washington Navel- The fruits of this variety have high taste qualities. Medium sized tree; the crown is dark green, broadly spreading. The flowers are fragrant, white, collected in small brushes. The fruits are round in shape, with a "navel" at the top; fruit weight - half a kilogram or more. The red-orange skin of the fruit is mostly smooth (sometimes rough), elastic, dense, well separated from the pulp. The pulp is juicy, bright orange, divided into 13 slices with thin partitions. This variety of orange usually ripens in December. The variety reproduces well by cuttings, especially when cuttings are treated with growth stimulants. Plants from such cuttings begin to bear fruit in the second year.

Pavlovsky- almost best grade oranges for growing in rooms. Its plants reach 1 m in height, very decorative, with dark green, shiny leaves.

Pay attention to the photo - this variety of orange flowers are axillary, white, fragrant, collected in bunches:

The fruits are orange, spherical. Their maturation period is quite short - 7-9 months. Blooms annually. It is preferable to propagate the plant by cuttings in February - March. Rooted plants begin to bear fruit after two years.

Gamlin – productive variety with fruits of high quality, its fine-grained juicy pulp is very pleasant on the palate. The tree is small, well leafy. Flowers white, fragrant. The fruits are medium in size, weighing about 300 g. The shape of the fruit is round, slightly flattened at the top and at the base. The thick rind of fruits with orange, very shiny skin is easily separated from the pulp. When describing this variety of orange, it is worth noting that there are few or no seeds in the pulp of its fruits. The fruits of this orange variety ripen in November.

Wren- a small tree with a pyramidal crown. The fruits are round, oval at the base; fruit weight up to 250 g. The peel with a dark orange skin is easily separated from the pulp. The fruits of this variety have dark red coarse-grained pulp, juicy and tender, very pleasant in taste; fruit juice is light pink and plentiful. There are few seeds in the pulp.

There are many other varieties of orange suitable for growing indoors, but the ones described above are the most common: they grow quite quickly and bear fruit abundantly.

How to grow an orange tree at home and care for the plant

Orange is very demanding on growing conditions, it is a rather whimsical plant, and, without sufficient experience, it is not so easy to achieve its fruiting in a room.

There are relatively few room varieties of orange, but they all produce wonderful fruits, varied in terms of flavor, color and size. The most common and well-established is the old good variety Washington Nile, brought to Russia in late XIX century from California. It belongs to the so-called "navel" oranges. Navel oranges are usually the largest and sweetest. They have on the lower part of the fruit traces of a second immature fruit slightly protruding from the peel.

When growing an orange at home, a novice citrus grower should keep in mind that, having sowed a seed of any variety and grown a fruit-bearing tree from it, he will have to wait a very long time for the harvest - most often 10–15 years. The resulting fruits, most likely, will be of low quality, because in this case, varietal characteristics, as a rule, are not inherited. Therefore, seed propagation of the orange is not recommended.

Caring for a homemade orange is not much different from caring for a traditional lemon. But the orange is more cold-resistant and photophilous. Only windows of southern orientation are suitable for its maintenance - this is of fundamental importance, since on the north side the tree develops more slowly and produces a few fruits of a sour taste. Orange loves direct sunlight, especially during the fruit ripening period - with enough heat and light, they become sweeter.

So, orange is a light-loving plant, demanding for warm (20-25 ° C) rooms. If there is not enough light in the apartment, it will develop poorly and grow poorly.

In summer, it is advisable to take the orange tree out into the open air - this will provide it with better growth and development. But in the early days, especially at noon, it must be shaded with gauze or thin lutrasil so that the leaves do not suffer from sunburn.

In winter, the temperature should not be lower than 10-12 °C. In winter, when there is little light, and the daylight hours are short, when leaving at home, indoor oranges need to be illuminated, increasing the length of the day to 10-12 hours. During this period, if possible, it is better to keep the orange at a lower air temperature, which will favorably affect spring flowering.

In winter, the orange is at rest, its growth processes are inhibited and, accordingly, it needs less water. Therefore, the intervals between watering for an orange plant at home should be increased. From October to the end of February, the plant is fed with fertilizers no more than 1 time in 1.5–2 months.

When caring for an orange at home, young plants should be replanted annually, at the end of winter; adults - after 3-4 years, by transshipment. A substrate of soddy and leafy soil, humus and sand (2:1:1:1).

An orange tree can be shaped to your liking, although without any intervention it often forms quite a lot on its own. beautiful crown.

How oranges are grown and plant propagation (with video)

Caring for an orange tree grown in the house is the same as for other citrus fruits, and requires care and constant care: watering, spraying, loosening, fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers. Pinching of young orange shoots, pruning of old branches, removal of long thin shoots that dry out in winter are necessary.

The main fruiting of an orange occurs on the shoots of the current year and on last year's shoots. In grafted plants, fruiting usually occurs at 4–5 years of age, but with good care and additional lighting in winter much earlier. But it must be borne in mind that with a sharp change in lighting, an orange can shed its leaves. The orange tree also categorically does not tolerate tobacco smoke.

Orange is a moisture-loving plant, it requires abundant watering, and always soft water. Abundant watering from April to October. During the dormant period, watering becomes more economical, but nevertheless, the earthen coma should not be allowed to dry out. Less water needed in winter, but the substrate should always be slightly damp.

In order for the plant to develop normally and bear fruit, feed it with complex fertilizer or flower mixtures every 2 weeks.

Twice a month, an orange is fed with fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium). AT young age the plant should be transplanted annually, and from the age of 5 - once every 2-3 years.

Of all the insects that infect the orange, the red citrus mite is the most troublesome. In the event that the growing conditions of the plant do not meet the necessary requirements, there is a high risk of spotting and soot fungus.

Cuttings with the use of phytohormones and lower heating. Very well propagated by grafting on seedlings bigaradia.

Propagation of the orange is carried out mainly by grafting on seedlings or air layers, since cuttings are difficult to root, and in some varieties they do not take root at all. Poncirus trifoliata cannot be used as an orange rootstock, because due to its biological characteristics it is completely unsuitable for indoor cultivation of citrus fruits.

Watch a video on how oranges are grown, which shows all the basic agricultural practices:

Fragrant and tasty citruses can not only be bought in the store, but also grown independently. The orange tree has many varieties and some of them are suitable for home breeding in pots. It is important to know the rules of cultivation and care in order for the plant to be accepted and developed.

What does an orange tree look like?

This type of citrus fruit is a cultivated plant, and it was obtained by crossing a mandarin and a pomelo. The tree is evergreen with a compact dense crown. The description of the orange tree includes the following information:

1. Dimensions are directly related to the variety, so tall varieties reach a height of 12 m, and dwarf ones - 4-6 m. There are also indoor plant, which can be from 60 cm to 2.5 m.
2. The root system is superficial, and it does not have hairs through which other plants receive moisture and nutrients. Instead, at the tips of the roots there are special cases in which there are fungi that exist in symbiosis with the plant. They transfer moisture and nutrients.
3. The orange tree has dark green leaves that have a pointed oval shape. Inside them are glands filled with aromatic oil, which is identical to the flowers of this plant.

How does an orange tree bloom?

This plant has large bisexual flowers, which reach 5 cm in diameter. The color of the five petals is often white, but a reddish tint may also be present. In the center is a long single pistil, which is surrounded by stamens. yellow color. Flowers are collected in a brush of about 6 pieces, single options are rare. The flowering of the orange tree occurs only under certain conditions, and flower buds, laid in March-April, will open only at a temperature of 16-18°C. The blossoming bud falls off in 2-3 days.

How to grow an orange tree?

There are several varieties that can be used for indoor cultivation, and the following three options are most popular:

1. Pavlovsky. In height, this variety reaches a maximum of 1 m. It can be propagated using cuttings. fruits ripen long time during which it is important to provide special care.
2. Gamlin. If you are interested in how to grow an orange tree at home, then you can choose this variety, whose height reaches 1.5 m. The crop can be harvested in the fall, and the fruits are juicy and sweet-sour.
3. Washington Navel. The most popular variety that is suitable for home use. The height of an orange tree can reach up to 2 m. It is worth noting an interesting advantage - a pleasant aroma is released during flowering. The fruits can be harvested from the age of three. The fruits are large.

How to plant an orange tree?

In order to grow citruses on your windowsill, you need to prepare the seeds, which should only be fresh, that is, not dried.

1. Having collected planting material, be sure to rinse it, and then leave it for 8-12 hours in water so that they swell.
2. To get an orange tree from a stone, planting must be carried out in loose soil or peat. You need to deepen the seeds by 1 cm. Be sure to cover the container with a film or cover with glass to create a greenhouse effect.
3. Place the container in a shaded, warm place. Periodically water the ground and ventilate the plantings. Sprouts should appear after a month and a half.
4. After that, it is recommended to expose the container to the light (direct rays of the sun are dangerous). It is important to provide seedlings with a long daylight hours. To do this, you can use special lamps.

soil for orange tree

For the successful cultivation of this plant, the quality of the soil is of great importance. To do right choice Please consider these recommendations:

1. If you are interested in where an orange tree grows when it is still young, then it is better to choose this composition: 2 parts of turf and 1 part of leafy soil, humus and sand. Experts advise to recruit sod land in the gardens.
2. For an older tree, it is better to use such a soil composition: 3 parts of turf, 1 part of leafy soil, humus and sand. You can add some oily clay.
3. It is recommended to ensure that the selected soil has a pH of 6.5-7.
4. Be sure to remove all unnecessary impurities from the prepared soil, such as pebbles or roots of other plants.
5. The finished soil mixture must be left to mature for at least 14 days.

How to graft an orange tree?

When the plant begins to develop well, it will be possible to prune to form a beautiful crown. After 6-8 years, flowers may appear, and the fruits are likely to be small and bitter, so it is important to vaccinate. In the instructions - how to grow an orange tree at home, there is a mandatory procedure that involves grafting a bud or branch of a cultivated garden plant. It is better to carry out the procedure when the plant is already 1-3 years old.

How long does an orange tree grow at home?

The length of time a plant grows depends on proper fit and care. If you focus on natural conditions, then in the subtropics, 4 years should pass from planting seeds to the appearance of fruits. In order for an orange tree in a pot to begin to bear fruit, they are grafted and then after 3 years it will be possible to harvest. Life cycle this culture is approximately 75 years old.

How to care for an orange tree?

1. Lighting. The pot is best placed in a place with diffused lighting. In cold weather, it is recommended to use artificial lighting up to 12 hours.
2. Temperature. In summer, room temperature is also suitable, and in winter it is necessary to maintain indicators at the level of 10-18 ° C. It is important to regularly ventilate, but exclude drafts.
3. Humidity. For an orange tree, home care in hot weather includes daily spraying using soft, settled water. In winter, the air is dry, so increase the humidity by all means.

How to water an orange tree at home?

There are a few soil moisture tips to keep in mind:

1. They judge whether it is necessary to water according to the condition of the soil. It is important not to allow the earthen coma to dry out completely. To determine the moisture, squeeze a lump of soil, and if it crumbles, then water it.
2. To water a small orange tree, it is not recommended to use tap water because it contains a lot of alkali metal and chlorine. It should be boiled or you can take hot water from the tap.
3. The liquid must be settled for at least a day in open ground, which will remove chlorine. If possible, water is recommended to be taken from a well, lake or stream.
4. In winter, the orange tree is at rest, so the intervals between watering should be increased.

What to feed an orange tree?

For good growth, flowering and fruiting, it is necessary to fertilize in spring and summer, and this should be done once every two weeks. It is important to fertilize the day after watering. Fertilizers for the orange tree are poured in until it starts to flow out of the drainage holes of the pot. You can use special additives designed for citrus fruits or take options for indoor plants.

Many will be surprised by the fact that adult plants whose height is not less than a meter, once a month you can feed fish broth. It is believed that this can enhance fruiting. Take 200 g of fish waste or small fish(not salty), pour 2 liters of water and boil for 30 minutes. After that, the solution should be filtered and diluted with cold water.

Pruning an orange tree

When the height of the plant reaches 20 cm, it is recommended to pinch off 2-3 leaves from the top. Thanks to this, side branches will begin to develop, forming a beautiful crown. They are considered branches of the first order, and if you cut them off (4-5 branches of 20-25 cm each should remain), then branches of the second order will begin to form (their length is not more than 25 cm) and so on. Using this scheme, you can form an orange tree in the apartment to your liking. It is important that many branches of the fifth order form on the bush in a few years, since fruits will form on them.

How to transplant an orange tree?

It is better to carry out such a procedure in spring or autumn, when the root system will not be subject to temperature shock. You can transplant the plant into a pot or directly into the ground. It is important to do everything carefully so as not to damage the root system.

1. Dig a hole right size. Adding soil improvers and compost is not recommended unless the soil is very sandy or clayey. Remove the homemade orange tree along with the clod by turning the flowerpot over and pre-moistening the ground. Install it in a hole, fill it with earth and tamp it down. Please note that top part The root ball should be 2.5-3 cm below the surrounding soil.
2. When choosing a pot, keep in mind that its size should be twice as large as the root ball. The process is similar to the previous one, that is, the orange tree should be transferred to a new container. It is impossible to carry out the procedure more than once every 2-3 years.

Diseases of the orange tree

This culture is affected by a large number of fungal diseases, but it is worth noting that weak plants that do not receive proper care. There are tips on how to save an orange tree:

1. Root rot appears due to excessive watering and stagnation of liquid in the pot. The disease develops imperceptibly until the moment when the leaves begin to fall intensively. In this case, the plant only needs to be transplanted, removing rotten roots.
2. Soot fungus appears on leaves and branches in the form of a black coating. It is removed and be sure to ventilate the room. It is recommended to reduce the intensity of watering.
3. Scab on an orange tree appears on the leaves in the form of dark bulges. As a result, they fall off, and the bark cracks. To remove the problem, you must use or other fungicides. Spraying is carried out in the spring or after flowering. It is important to remove diseased leaves and branches and burn them.
4. Wart provokes the formation of growths on the shoots, and on the leaves - gray warts. For the fight, you can use Bordeaux spray for spraying after wintering, flowering and in the middle of summer.
5. It is worth noting that a tree can be affected by almost all pests and appear more often than others. To fight you need to carry out spraying.

If you think that it is impossible to grow an orange from a stone at home, then you are deeply mistaken. Undoubtedly, it is not enough to lower the seeds into the ground and wait for shoots. It will take a lot of patience and time until it will please you with its fruits.

Orange is the most unpretentious of citrus fruits. For planting, bones obtained from fresh fruit are quite suitable. Most gardeners prefer to grow these trees from seedlings. But for decorating a house or a greenhouse, which with French translated as "winter orange garden", you can grow a plant from a seed.

Varieties of orange

Oranges are divided into two large groups: sour (bitter) and sweet varieties. There are three types that are most often found on sale in our country. .

Sweet

Chinese or Portuguese fruit. The most common and popular variety.

Sour

Usually these are hybrids of mandarin and pomelo. They have a bitter-sour taste. These fruits are often called oranges.

Bergamot

A hybrid of citron and orange. It has a pronounced bitter-sour taste.

All oranges are equally useful and tasty. They contain a huge amount of vitamins, amino acids and trace elements. We will present you the best varieties.

Washington Neville

Sweet and sour fruits with a thick porous skin. Many are mistaken, believing that the birthplace of this variety is the United States. In fact, this variety comes from Brazil. Its fruits are practically seedless.

Valencia

Variety of Spanish oranges. They are distinguished by a thin skin of a bright orange color with red patches. The flesh is the same color. These oranges have a pleasant sweet taste.

Blondeau Commune

Variety from Sicily. For a long time it was the most popular at home, but in recent years it has given the palm to the two previous varieties. It has many seeds and grows well from them.

Oval

The name accurately describes the shape of the fruit. The taste of this variety is almost no different from Valencia.

Tarocco

Another early ripe Sicilian variety. The fruit picking season runs from November to January. These oranges have not only a pleasant taste and exquisite aroma. However, fruits are popular not only because of their excellent palatability, but also because of the unusual blood-red color of the pulp. How to grow from a bone, we will tell a little later.

At the end of a short review, I would like to say that Moroccan and Abkhazian oranges today compete with the varieties described above.

Soil preparation

Before planting the seeds, it is necessary to prepare the soil for the future tree. It is prepared from:

• leaf land;
• sand;
• humus;
• turf.

All components in equal parts are thoroughly mixed, and the soil is ready. The soil for an orange should be saturated with trace elements, so you can purchase ready ground with the inscription "Rose" or "Lemon", which is perfect for an orange (tree). The plant needs drainage. To do this, you can use small pebbles or expanded clay. The best time for planting a tree - spring.

Seed selection

For planting, you can use any bone from a freshly eaten fruit, and if you wish, you can buy seeds of a particular variety. It is necessary to choose whole, intact and most attractive seeds. If you decide to use them from a freshly eaten fruit, then they should be washed carefully, being careful not to damage the shell.

After that, they are soaked overnight in warm water. Then the bones are laid out on a damp cloth and covered with it on top. This way you retain the moisture needed for germination. Drying will adversely affect the germination of the plant. After that, place a napkin with seeds in a bag, creating a greenhouse effect for the seeds. Orange is a thermophilic plant, so keep the bag of seeds in a warm room.

seed germination process

For seed germination, a temperature of about +25 ° C is recommended. If necessary, the seeds in the bag must be moistened. They should always be kept moist and not allowed to dry out. Germination takes on average about two weeks, sometimes a little longer. It is important to periodically ventilate the greenhouse.

Landing

Now you need to plant the seeds in a pot with sterile soil. To do this, calcine the purchased or prepared soil composition in a pan for several minutes, spreading it thin layer. You will see the first shoots in three weeks. When they grow to two centimeters, the seedlings must be transplanted into pots with a diameter of about nine centimeters.

Lay a little expanded clay on the bottom of the container, creating the necessary drainage. The sprouts are transplanted into a larger flowerpot when the fourth or fifth leaves appear on them. The next pot should be at least 9 cm in diameter. An old clod of earth that tightly envelops the roots should be saved. Do not try to remove it - this may damage the roots.

During this period, it is necessary to create the most favorable conditions for strengthening the sprouts and hardening them. Each transplant is carried out in a container with a diameter of five centimeters larger than the previous one. Transplants are stopped when they begin to form the crown of the tree. After planting, the bone should immediately be watered with settled, filtered or boiled water.

Cover the pot plastic wrap, creating the effect of a mini-greenhouse. Place it on a windowsill and keep it out of direct sunlight. You can cover it with paper. At night, the film is removed so that the seedling is ventilated.

Interested in how to grow a fruiting tree from an orange seed, you need to know that this plant needs moist soils, so it should be sprayed daily. Water the soil as needed, but do not fill it with water.

How to grow an orange from a stone: plant care

The main requirements that this plant makes are watering and pruning. Even a beginner can grow an orange. Caring for a plant requires only accuracy, patience and following simple rules.

Watering, as we have said, should be periodic. In this case, there should be neither waterlogging nor drying out of the soil. Pruning is done annually. An orange from a stone at home for the second year is cut off the crown, leaving no more than twenty centimeters. After that, the tree will throw out healthy side shoots, however, and they will have to be removed.

Thus, skeletal branches are formed. When your tree begins to bear fruit, fruit branches are pruned as needed. It must be taken into account that too a large number of fruits on the branches most often leads to the depletion of the plant.

Indoor orange: top dressing

Feeding the seedling begins six months after planting. Organic and mineral fertilizers are used, which today are offered in a huge assortment by specialized stores.

How to form a crown?

This heat-loving plant needs crown formation. This work should be started from the moment the tree grows to thirty centimeters. It is necessary to cut from two to four leaves from the top of the plant. This will give a powerful push, and it will launch side branches, which are second order branches.

Subsequent pruning of these branches stimulates the growth of shoots of the third and subsequent generations. The branches are cut when they reach a length of thirty centimeters. This is how all shoots are shortened. As a result, the trunk of the formed plant is fifteen centimeters, and the crown is made up of three or four branches, which are covered with small shoots.

The goal of the grower is the branches of the fifth order, since they are the ones that bear fruit. But usually it happens for 5-7 years. This largely depends on the characteristics of the variety and the conditions of detention.

First flowers and fruits

How to grow an orange from a stone, so as not only to admire beautiful plant but also to get fruits from it? Surely the answer to this question is of interest to all flower growers. The tree begins to bloom in the fifth year after planting. But the first buds should be removed, since the plant at this age is not yet strong enough to bear fruit.

The plant will give real fruits for 8 years. There are several secrets that allow you to get a crop ahead of time. We present you some of them:

1. Grafting (graft a sprig from a fruit-bearing tree to a tree).
2. Transplant the plant often (2-3 transplants in the summer will enhance the development of the root system).
3. Banding - wire the branches or remove the bark in the form of a ring. As soon as the plant begins to bloom, the wire is removed.
4. Cold winters. Take the tree to a room with a temperature of +5 ° C for three months. Cold wintering is very effective. They are recommended for the first two or three years. At this time, the plant is not fertilized, you can only water it, but not abundantly.

After these procedures, the orange will begin to bear fruit in the fourth year.

reproduction

How to grow an orange from a seed and propagate it later? At home, this can be done in two ways: seeds and cuttings. In the middle latitudes, it is not so easy to get a cutting. You can ask for it from friends who are engaged in the cultivation of these citrus fruits, or buy it in specialized greenhouses.

For propagation, cuttings 15 cm long and 0.5 cm in diameter are suitable. The cut is made under the kidney and above it, above and below. There must be at least four buds and three leaves on the stem. The cutting is treated with a root growth stimulator. After that, it is placed in water for several days, and then planted in the ground.

Rooting can take from one to one and a half months. After rooting, the cuttings are transplanted into pots by transshipment. You already know how to grow an orange from a seed. The process is more complex, but very exciting. A tree grown in this way has strong genetics and different characteristics from its parent.

The cuttings completely inherit the donor's genetic code. At the same time, cuttings significantly reduce the time for the onset of fruiting.

Diseases and pests

Many pests can attack an orange. The tree may be affected by some diseases. Its main enemies in indoor floriculture are spider mite and shields. In addition, an orange seedling can be affected by viruses and fungi.

You can fight diseases and pests with the help of fungicides and insecticides. The affected areas are cut out and smeared with garden pitch. In advanced cases, the diseased seedling is recommended to be burned.

Oranges are very healthy fruits. They reduce the level of "bad" cholesterol in the blood, strengthen the immune system, and normalize blood pressure. It is not at all surprising that many flower growers and gardeners dream of growing this plant. It is unlikely that anyone will call this culture unpretentious, however, it will not cause great difficulties in caring. Constant care, hard work and a great desire to grow exotic plant sure to give a positive result.

Orange (lat. Citrus sinensis) is a species of flowering plants of the dicotyledonous class, the sapindo-colored order, the rue family, the genus citrus. Orange is a cultivated hybrid form, most likely bred by crossing and pomelo.

The orange got its name from the Dutch word appelsien or the German Apfelsine, which translates as “from China”, “Chinese apple”.

Orange - description and characteristics. How oranges grow.

The orange plant is a sufficiently powerful evergreen tree, the height of which depends on the variety: vigorous varieties of orange grow up to 12 m in height, dwarf forms have a height of about 4-6 m, trees for indoor cultivation reach 2-2.5 m in height. The most compact orange trees grow up to 60-80 cm.

The orange tree is distinguished by a dense dense crown, rounded or pyramidal shape, and spikes up to 8-10 cm long often grow on its shoots. Orange leaves are dark green, dense, oval in shape with a sharp tip, growing up to 15 cm long with a width of about 10 cm. The edge of the leaf can be wavy, and at the very On the surface of the leaf there are special glands containing aromatic oil. One leaf lives for about 2 years, and on an orange tree, old and young leaves grow at the same time, performing different functions. Young orange leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, with their help the tree breathes, while the old leaves are a reservoir for nutrients. The period of intense leaf fall (about 25%) occurs in February and March, and the orange tree loses another quarter of the old leaves during the year.

Roots.

Orange roots, unlike others fruit trees, do not have root hairs necessary to absorb moisture and nutrition from the soil. But on the roots there are special capsules with colonies of special soil fungi that form mycorrhiza with orange roots. Orange supplies amino acids and carbohydrates to mushrooms, and in return receives moisture and minerals, which mushrooms provide in a form that is easily digestible for the plant. The overgrown mycelium of mushrooms does not tolerate drought, lowering the temperature of the soil and exposing the roots on which it grows, therefore oranges are very demanding on moisture, heat and suffer greatly when transplanted without a clod of earth.

Flowers.

The orange has large bisexual flowers white or pink, up to 5 cm in diameter, single or growing in inflorescences of 6 pieces. The laying of flower buds occurs in early spring, the flowers can stay in the bud stage for about a month, then open at a temperature of 16-18 degrees and bloom for about 2-3 days.

Fruit.

The fruit of an orange is called an orange. It is distinguished by a round or oval shape and has a structure typical of other types of citrus fruits. Such a fruit, which comes from the upper ovary, is called a hesperidium (one of the varieties of a berry-like fruit). Thus, the orange fruit is a fruit and a berry.

The pulp of an orange consists of 9-13 separating slices covered with a thin film. Each lobule contains many juice-filled sacs that are formed from the inner epidermis of the carpels. The taste of orange pulp can be sweet, sweet and sour, or bitter.

Some fruits do not form seeds, but most oranges do contain multi-seed seeds, arranged in a slice one above the other.

Peel.

The smooth or porous peel of an orange is up to 5 mm thick, its top layer, the flavedo (zest), contains many rounded glands filled with essential oil. The white spongy layer that covers the inside of the peel is called the albedo. Due to its loose structure, the flesh of an orange lags behind the skin quite easily. According to the variety and stage of ripeness, the orange peel makes up 17 to 42% of the total weight of the fruit. Orange peel color can be greenish, pale yellow, bright orange and orange red.

Ripening dates.

Orange is a remontant plant capable of re-blooming and fruiting, so an orange tree can simultaneously contain buds, flowers and fruits in different stages of ripeness. The ripening of oranges lasts about 8-9 months, and the ripened fruits can remain on the branches for a long time, and in the spring they turn green again, and by autumn they acquire a characteristic Orange color. Seeds of fruits ripening within 2 seasons are of better quality, but the pulp loses its taste and beneficial features.

How long does an orange grow?

The orange tree grows rapidly (annual growth is about 40-50 cm) and begins to bear fruit 8-12 years after planting. The life cycle of an orange tree is about 75 years, although individual specimens live up to 100-150 years and produce about 38 thousand fruits in a harvest year.

Homeland of the orange Southeast Asia(China), in the 16th century exotic fruit came to Europe, and then to Africa and the USA. Today, the orange is widely cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. climatic zones, and the leaders in fruit exports are Brazil, China and the United States. Spain, Italy, India, Pakistan, Argentina, Morocco, Syria, Greece, Egypt and Iran are slightly behind.

Types and varieties of oranges, photos and names.

According to the speed of ripening, varieties of oranges are divided into:

• early;
• mid-early;
• Late.

Depending on the size, shape, taste, color of the fruit and pulp, orange varieties are divided into 2 main groups:

1. Light oranges (with orange flesh);
   • Ordinary (oval) oranges;
   • navel oranges;
2. King oranges (with reddish flesh).

More detailed description this classification is given below.

Ordinary or oval oranges- large group high-yielding varieties, which are distinguished by a round or oval shape of fruits and tasty, sweet and sour pulp of bright yellow color, containing many seeds. Oranges are medium to large in size, and the skin is thin, pale orange or yellow, well fused with the flesh. The most famous varieties of ordinary oranges:

• Hamlin (Hamlin)- an early ripening variety of oranges with small or medium size fruits of a rounded or slightly flattened shape and thin, even skin of yellow color. Grown mainly in Brazil and the USA, it has excellent transportability and is stored for a long time, it is actively used in indoor floriculture;
• Verna- a late variety of oranges of Spanish origin, with medium-sized or medium-sized, low-seeded, elongated fruits containing sweet, tasty pulp;
• Salustiana – late-ripening variety oranges, which is of high economic importance in Spain and Morocco. The fruits are characterized by an oval-spherical or slightly flattened shape and a yellow-orange color of a thin, easily peeled peel. The juicy slices are pitted and have a sweet, buttery flavor.

Navel Oranges (Navel)- a group of varieties, on the trees of which thorns do not grow, and the fruits have a characteristic mastoid outgrowth-navel at the top, a reduced second fruit. Navel oranges are the largest, the average fruit weight is about 200-250 g, and individual specimens weigh up to 600 g. Distinctive feature most varieties also have a rough, easily detachable skin and exceptional consumer qualities: juicy, orange flesh, sweet taste with a slight sourness and an exquisite citrus aroma. The most popular varieties of navel oranges:

• Washington Navel (Washingtoh Navel)- a variety of bright orange oranges of an important world economic importance, known since the 17th century, as well as one of the few oranges that successfully bear fruit in the conditions of Transcaucasia. Medium and large orange fruits have a round or slightly elongated shape and weight from 170 to 300 g. Orange pulp is bright orange, sweet with a slight sourness and a small number of seeds. Orange Washington Navel - one of the most popular varieties for home breeding;
• Navel Late (Navel Late)- a late variety of oranges, very similar to the Washington Navel variety, but differing in more tender pulp and increased keeping quality;
• Thomson Navel (Thomsonnavel) - a variety of round or oval oranges with a characteristic small navel and relatively thin, light orange skin with small pores. The pulp of the fruit, compared to Washington Navel, is more fibrous and not as juicy;
• Navelina (Navelina)- the earliest variety of small and medium oranges with a small navel. Rounded or ovoid fruits have a thin, finely porous orange peel and loose, sweet flesh.
• Of particular note is the variety of oranges Kara-Kara (Cara Cara navelorange), which is a mutation of the Washington Navel variety and was found in Venezuela in 1976. Kara-Kara inherited most of the characteristics of the original variety: the navel, the orange color of a well-separated zest and the exceptional taste of juicy pulp. But its main difference is the flesh of a ruby ​​​​hue, comparable to the color of the pulp of the darkest grapefruits. An interesting feature of the variety is the ability to produce a number of variegated shoots, on which striped fruits subsequently develop.

Blood orange, king orange or king orange- This is a group of varieties that has in its composition anthocyanins, pigments that give the fruits and their pulp a blood-red color. Blood orange also has a name Sicilian orange, since the first landings appeared precisely in Sicily. The king orange is a natural mutation of the common orange. The trees of this varietal group are distinguished long periods maturation, short stature and elongated crown. The fruit of the blood orange is characterized by a rounded, slightly ribbed shape and a poorly detachable peel of brown, red or dark orange. The flesh of the kinglet is distinguished by red, orange, burgundy or red-striped color, and the fruits are especially valued for their exquisite sweet and sour taste and excellent aroma. According to historians, blood oranges have been grown in Sicily since the 9th-10th centuries. They are currently cultivated throughout Italy, Spain, Morocco and the US states of Florida and California.

There are 3 main varieties of blood oranges:

• Moro orange (Moro) - a fairly young variety, bred in early XIX century in Sicily in the province of Syracuse. The skin of a blood orange is orange or reddish-orange, and the flesh is blood-streaked orange, bright crimson, or almost black. Fruit diameter from 5 to 8 cm. Weight 170-210 grams. Moro oranges have a strong citrus aroma with a hint of or wild berries and bitter taste.

• orange Sanguinello (Sanguinello) originally from Spain, similar to the Moro orange and cultivated in the Northern Hemisphere. The blood orange fruit has an orange peel with a reddish tint, sweet red flesh with red spots, which contains few seeds. The fruits ripen from February to March.

• orange Tarocco (Tarocco) Considered one of the most popular Italian varieties, it is believed to be the product of a natural mutation of the Sanguinello orange. Tarocco oranges are medium in size, have a thin orange-red skin and do not have pronounced red pigmentation of the pulp, therefore they are called “half-breeds”. Thanks to their juiciness, sweet taste, lack of pits and high content of vitamin C, Tarocco red oranges are considered one of the most sought-after varieties in the world. Cultivated on fertile soils in the vicinity of Mount Etna.

Orange hybrids, photos and names.

Crossing the orange with other citrus species has given rise to a number of interesting hybrid forms.

A hybrid of sweet orange and three-leafed poncirus, the purpose of which was to breed a cold-resistant orange. Citranzh tolerates a drop in air temperature to -10 degrees, but its fruits have a bitter taste. Citrange is commonly used in the preparation of drinks, marmalade or jam.

A hybrid of citrange and kumquat, it is a compact tree, sometimes with small thorns, producing round or oval fruits with an elongated neck. Used for food in fresh or used to make marmalade and lemonade.

- one of the types of citranzhquat, a hybrid of orange, margarita kumquat and three-leafed poncirus. Fruits are yellow or yellow-orange in color, medium size, oval or pear-shaped. The peel is thin and bitter, the flesh with a small number of seeds, very sour when unripe, becomes quite edible when fully ripe.

- a hybrid of mandarin and orange beetle. The fruits of the hybrid are visually similar to tangerines, but differ in a firmer skin, rich sweet taste and juicy pulp. The second variety of clementine is a hybrid of mandarin and bitter Seville orange, bred in Algeria in 1902. The fruits are small, orange, with a hard skin.

Clementines are usually divided into three types:

• Corsican clementine - its fruits are medium in size, covered with an orange-red skin, the pulp is fragrant, there are no seeds in it;
• Spanish clementine can have both small and larger fruits with bright orange pulp of a sour taste. The fruit contains two to ten seeds;
• Montreal clementine is a rare type of citrus with sour fruits containing 10-12 seeds.

Santina (English)Suntina) - a hybrid of clementine and orlando. Bright orange fruits of medium or large size, with a thin skin, are distinguished by a sweet taste and strong aroma. The ripening period is from late November to March.

Tangor (English)Tangor, temple orange) - the result of crossing sweet orange and tangerine. The fruits are medium or large, can reach 15 cm in diameter. The shape of the fruit is slightly flattened, the peel is of medium thickness, porous, yellow or deep orange. The presence of seeds depends on the variety of tangor. The flesh of tangors is very fragrant, orange, has a sour or sweet and sour taste.

Ellendale (eng.Ellendale tangor) - citrus hybrid, a variety of tangor, obtained by crossing tangerine, mandarin and orange. Citrus is native to Australia. The fruits are medium to large in size, juicy, with a reddish-orange rind and very sweet, fragrant dark orange flesh. The skin is thin, smooth and easy to peel. Seeds may vary in number or be absent altogether.

Orangelo (eng.Orangelo) or chironha (Spanish)Chironja) supposedly considered a natural hybrid of grapefruit and orange. The fruit is native to Puerto Rico. The fruits are large, the size of a grapefruit, have a slightly elongated or pear-shaped shape. When ripe, the peel is bright yellow, thin and smooth, quite easily separated from the pulp. There are few seeds. The pulp is orange-orange, tender, juicy. The taste is sweeter, similar to orange and lacks the bitterness of grapefruit.

ugly fruit or ugly (eng.Ugli fruits) - This is the result of crossing a tangerine, grapefruit (or pomelo) and orange. Agli fruits grow in Jamaica, they are not very beautiful in appearance due to a rough and wrinkled peel. The diameter of the fruit is from 10 to 15 cm. The color of the fruit varies from green to yellow-green and orange. Despite some unattractiveness, the pulp of the agli fruit is very tasty and has a grapefruit note. The fruiting period is from December to April.

Grapefruit (lat.Citrus paradisi) according to scientists, it is a natural hybrid of orange and pomelo. The fruits are large, with a diameter of 10 to 15 cm, with juicy sweet and sour pulp with a slight bitterness. The color of the pulp, depending on the variety, can be almost white, light pink, yellow or reddish. The skin is yellow or reddish.

Meyer lemon (lat.Citrus meyeri) - presumably the result of hybridization with an orange or a tangerine. large fruits have a rounded shape, when mature, the peel acquires a yellow-orange hue. The flesh is dark yellow, juicy and not as acidic as a regular lemon, and contains seeds.

Natsudaidai (Natsumikan, Amanatsu) (Eng.Amanatsu, natsumican) - a natural hybrid of orange and pomelo (or grapefruit). The plant was first discovered in Japan in the 17th century. The fruit has a fairly thick peel of yellow-orange color, it is eaten fresh, but its juicy pulp tastes quite sour. The fruit contains many seeds.

Orange calories.

100 g of orange contains 36 kcal.

Nutritional value of orange per 100g:

• Proteins - 0.9 g;
• Fats - 0.2 g;
• Carbohydrates - 8.2 g;
• Water - 87 g.

Orange: benefit and harm.

Beneficial features.

The exceptional popularity of the orange is due not only to the excellent taste of its fruits, but also to the unique chemical composition with a high content of useful substances found in the pulp, juice, zest and seeds. The main advantage of an orange is the increased content of vitamin C (50 mg per 100 g), because 150 g of an orange satisfies daily requirement human in ascorbic acid. Orange fruits have a general strengthening effect on the body and increase immunity.

Orange contains a number of vitamins and minerals necessary for the human body:

• Vitamins B, A, PP, E;
• Minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, copper, zinc);
• pectins;
• Phytoncides;
• Anthocyanins;
• Sugar;
• Citric and salicylic acid;
• Essential oil of orange.

A balanced combination of useful substances allows the use of oranges in the complex treatment of a number of pathological conditions:

• obesity;
• colds and various viral diseases, high fever;
• anemia, anemia, weakness, loss of appetite;
• chronic constipation;
• atherosclerosis;
• hypertension;
• gout;
• liver disease;
• scurvy;
• periodontal disease and bleeding gums;
• gastritis and low acidity of the stomach;
• vascular and heart diseases;
• urolithiasis disease;
• lead poisoning;
• increased nervous excitability.

In order not to lose essential oils, bioflavonoids and pectins, which are rich in zest and seeds, it is recommended to squeeze oranges for juice as a whole.

Orange leaves purify the air and saturate the room with phytoncides, which have a detrimental effect on various pathogenic bacteria. This property is one of the factors in favor of breeding oranges at home.