In English, words are often not pronounced the way they are spelled. And when it comes to proper names (surnames, city names, etc.), the discrepancies between spelling and pronunciation can be even greater. Even more confusing maps are situations when the same name, for various reasons, can be pronounced differently! We will analyze an example of just such a discrepancy in today's article.
The American town of Norwich is located in the state of Connecticut in New England. As you know, the first settlers, who were persecuted for religious reasons in Europe and moved to another continent, first settled in this region. And they called it New England in honor of their native country, which they were forced to leave.
For this reason, many places in America have twin names for cities in the Old World. Some of them have acquired the addition of New - new, such as New York or New London; and many of the names coincide completely, as is the case with the above-named town.
However, apart from the name, there is practically nothing in common between them. Yes, and the name is not so simple ...
How to pronounce the name Norwich? Yes, very easy! How to spell and pronounce: - Norwich. But here it is necessary to make an important remark: in this way it is pronounced exclusively by Americans. The hearing of the British cuts such an utterance mercilessly. I came across many people from England who were in those parts for work or for the purpose of traveling, and they all agreed on one thing - as it is pronounced by American residents, it is wrong to pronounce it! But how do they think it is pronounced CORRECTLY?
And this is easy to check in this case. For verification, we will use a poem from the famous children's book Mother Goose Rhymes (“Tales of Grandmother Goose”):
the man in the moon,
Came down too soon
To ask his way to Norwich.
he went by the south,
And burnt his mouth
With eating cold-pease porridge.
The essence of the rhyme is that a certain moon man descended to earth to find out the way to a town called Norwich and burned himself with cold porridge.
Here is such rhymed nonsense that English-speaking children nevertheless - or even just because of this - love very much and often recite. This and similar poems are an indispensable component of the common cultural code of those for whom English is native.
So, it is known that the favorite English porridge is porridge“Oatmeal, sir!” - in English it is pronounced with a voiced [ʤ] - “j” - at the end. (In fairness, it should be noted that the poem is not talking about oatmeal, but about pea porridge). Accordingly, the name of the town rhyming with the word porridge is pronounced the same way - (in Russian transcription - Norwich).
And so it happened that the British Norwich is Norwich, and the American is Norwich.
By the way, it was in American Norwich that one terrible thing happened. real story, which formed the basis of a local legend and on which a film was made not so long ago.
Variety Norwich-Norwich - not the only example inconsistencies in the pronunciation of the same toponyms - geographical names- in British and American English.
Several similar examples where British version when pronouncing the sound [w] is also omitted, but in American it is preserved:
Woolwich–[ˈwʊlɪdʒ]
Warwick
Berwich - [ˈbɛrɨk]
But in some British proper names, the logic of the discrepancy between spelling and pronunciation is more difficult to trace (how they are pronounced in the American way, I'm afraid to even guess
Featherstonehaugh – [ˈfænʃɔː]
Cholmondeley - [ˈtʃʌmli]
The above examples were discussed in the discussion, from which I quote below:
What is the correct pronunciation of "Norwich" (as in CT, not the dog, et al)? |
Is it A) Nor-witch B) Nor-wick C) Nor-rich D) other? |
As a CT native born at Backus Hospital in Norwich |
Naw-witch |
…and yeah, we get made fun of by all the Brits for how we pronounce it |
With the silent W |
like Warwick and Berwick and Woolwich. At least in old England and not New. But British English is frequently confusing in terms of spelling vs pronunciation; 'Featherstonehaugh' = 'Fanshaw'; ‘Cholmondeley’ = ‘Chumley’, and so on. |
Other differences between British and American variants English we discussed here.
The difference between the spelling and pronunciation of a name
In the Avestan tradition, great attention was paid to the pronunciation of words, as well as to ensuring that the spelling of words exactly corresponded to their correct pronunciation. IN modern languages Many words are not spelled the way they are pronounced. The Belarusian language can be noted, in which the correspondence between the spelling and pronunciation of words has been preserved to a greater extent.
When considering the information that a name carries, it is important to pay attention to how its spelling corresponds to its pronunciation. In the name, it is necessary to highlight those letters that are not pronounced the way they are written. Such letters are considered chameleons, as they hide, disguise themselves. For example, they write Nikolai, but they read Nikolai, they write Oleg, they say Alec. The chameleon letter gives the name a certain duality and elusiveness of meaning. Such a name can be investigated in two versions, since it has a double cosmic code - one according to the accepted spelling, and the second according to how this name is pronounced. The chameleon letter in the name in the spelling and pronunciation can highlight different planets in a person's horoscope and, therefore, highlight two different options for the realization of events in life.
On the one hand, names with chameleon letters provide a person more freedom. They make it possible to change, vary, choose and even hide in some unfavorable situations. But, on the other hand, it is difficult for a person with such a name to use the program that is contained in the name. To implement the name program, he needs to make additional efforts. Names with chameleon letters cannot include a clear rhythm in the fate of a person, since they always have some additional obstructive rhythm that interferes with the implementation of the name program.
This distorting rhythm is especially strong if the first letter, which is the key to the whole name, is not pronounced as it is written. The meaning of such a name can be lost only when a person consciously works in this direction. The stressed letter is always pronounced as it is written, so the source of the power of the name is more securely protected.
You can give examples of common names with chameleon letters: Alexander (we say Alixander), Victor (we say Victar or Viktr), Pavel (Pavil), Svetlana (Svitlana), Eduard (Eduart), etc.
There are quite a few names that are read the way they are written: Alla, Anna, Vadim, Elena, Irina, Marina, Olga, Peter, Tatyana, etc. Such crystal clear names with a clear program that chameleon letters do not distort create its owners a reliable field of protection. However, these names rigidly bind a person to the program that they contain. They oblige to work out this program.
If we sum up all the pluses and minuses of names with chameleon letters, then there are still more minuses. The meaning of such names is not crystal clear. They require additional efforts from a person in order to understand and work out the name program. The Zervanites believed that names with chameleon letters were not suitable for those who chose the path spiritual development, as they attract the field of lies. If a person bore such a name, at first he changed this chameleon name to a new one and only then began to work on self-improvement. But in some cases, the Zervanites used names with chameleon letters as stage names in order to create certain difficulties for themselves and learn how to overcome them.
It is necessary to distinguish between names in which the chameleon letter is completely replaced, read completely differently from how it is pronounced, from names in which the letter just softens a little when pronounced. For example, in the name Oleg, the letter “O” when reading is completely replaced by the letter “A”, the letter “G” is pronounced like “K”. While in the name Rostislav the letter “O” only softens a little and the last letter “B” is pronounced as a cross between “V” and “F”. Therefore, in the name Rostislav, the differences between spelling and pronunciation are not as big as in the name Oleg.
In the name Oleg, the first and last letters are chameleons. A person with this name can skillfully hide both his goal in life, which is determined by the first letter, and his weaknesses, which are manifested by the last letter. He can disguise himself, engage in deception and self-deception, which is very difficult to unravel. But such a field of lies around a person does not provide him with the necessary protection in life. Additional efforts are required to include the rhythm associated with this name and implement its program.
In the name Victor, you need to pay attention to the letter "O", which is not pronounced, is swallowed. The dropped letter forms a gap in the protection that the name gives, and indicates the place of possible vulnerability of those who call themselves that.
Particularly unfavorable names that are not pronounced as they are written can affect people in whose horoscopes the Black Moon is in a strong position. This happens if the Black Moon in the horoscope is in conjunction with the planets, or has many aspects to other planets, or falls into signs and houses in which it has a very strong manifestation. In this case, a name with chameleon letters, which creates a field of lies and deceit around a person, may not provide him with the necessary protection. On the contrary, such a name attracts temptations that are more difficult for a person with a strong Black Moon in the horoscope to recognize and overcome.
It is not recommended to be called by a name in which there are more than two chameleon letters. Such a name is considered defiled, as it attracts lies and deceit and does not provide the necessary protection. Despite the fact that such a name gives its owner freedom of action, this freedom is a temptation for him. It is advisable to change this name to a more reliable one.
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Have you ever encountered the fact that, looking at the tag of a new dress, you don’t even remotely imagine how to combine this sequence of letters into a single word? This happens even to professionals! Especially for such situations, we have prepared a cheat sheet with the rules for pronouncing the names of designers and brand names.
Philipp Plein – Philipp Plein- the designer was born in Germany, so his name should be pronounced that way, in the German manner, and not in English - Plain, as is usually done. We call Calvin Klein Calvin Klein their names are phonetically similar.
designer Nicolas Ghesquiere at the urgent request of the press service of the company, you should call Nicolas Ghesquière, not Nicolas Ghesquière, but the brand under his control Louis Vuitton in Russian it is pronounced as " Louis Vuitton”, but not “Louis Vuitton” or “Louis Vuitton”.
Belgian designer Ann Demeulemeester worth calling Ann Demeulemeister- there are a great many variations on the theme of her name.
Fashion house Lanvin pronounced like " lanvan", these are the features of French pronunciation. So forget about Lanvin" or " Lanvin". The name of the brand leader is Alber Elbaz.
The brand name is read according to the same rules. Moschino – « Moskino».
Hermes - Ermes- and nothing else. And her name is Hermes ancient greek god trade and profit. In addition, the brand name is often pronounced as " Erme” and, it would seem, according to the rules of French transcription, this is true. But do not forget that every rule has exceptions. This is exactly such a case.
Name of French designer of Tunisian origin Azzedine Alaia pronounced like " Azzedine Alaya”, usually three vowels in a row in his surname are introduced into a stupor.
Badgley Mischka- this is not the name of one person, as it might seem, but the names of the founders of the design duet - Mark Badgley and James Mishka. Accordingly, the brand name sounds like this: Badgley Bear».
Often found various options name pronunciation Vionnet– Vionnet or Vionnet. In fact, everything is simple: Vionnet with an accent on "e". This is exactly what the name of the founder of the French House, the legendary Madeleine Vionnet, sounded like.
Bandage dresses Herve Leger everyone knows, but how to pronounce the brand name, many do not know. Correct answer - " Herve Leger”, and not “Herve Ledger” or “Herve Lege”.
Name Elie Saab sounds like " Elie Saab". And by the way, the Lebanese designer is a man, not a woman, as many people think.
His countryman, close to him in spirit and style, - Zuhair Murad. In Russian it sounds like this - Zuhair Murad. "E" is not pronounced cleanly, but close to "A".
Frenchman Thierry Mugler – Thierry Mugler. Nothing complicated!
American brand Proenza Schouler pronounced like " Proenza Schooler”, even if sometimes I want to call him “Sharp”.
brand name Balenciaga sounds like " Balenciaga».
House Givenchy should be called Givenchy, and not in the American manner - "Givenshi".
In English speaking countries Balmain often pronounced as "Balmain", but correctly it should sound like " Balman”, while the letter “n” at the end is practically not pronounced.
Brand Comme Des Garcons Japanese, but its name is French, so you should say " Côme de Garçon". Without "s" in both cases.
As soon as they do not pronounce the name of the Spanish brand Loewe! Indeed, the rules for pronunciation of this word are difficult to explain. The end result should be something between Loewe" And " Loweve”, but always with a vowel at the end.
Name Rei Kawakubo, maybe it looks complicated, but it's quite easy to pronounce - " Rei Kawakubo».
The name of the world-famous shoe designer Christian Louboutin according to the rules sounds closest to " Christian Louboutin". Although it is easy to make a mistake, even in professional circles you can hear "Louboutin", "Lobutan" or "Louboutin". In order not to complicate their lives, many fans of the brand affectionately call their new shoes " Lubis».
One of the main hoaxes of the fashion world is the correct pronunciation of the brand name. Nike. Only in Russia, the incorrect version of Nike has taken root so much that it even sounds from TV screens. In fact, around the world the brand is called " Nike».
Difficult-looking names Giambattista Valli And Gianfranco Ferre turn out to be not so difficult when it comes to pronunciation - Giambattista Valley And Jeanfranco Ferre respectively.
Grandmother of knitwear and a lover of cheerful colors Sonia Rykiel need to be called Sonia Rykiel.
Hedi Slimane also often called incorrectly, but everything is simpler than it seems: Hedi Slimane, not Hedy Sliman.
Burberry Prorsum sounds like " Burbury Prorsum", not "Burbury Prorsum" or "Burbury Prorsum".
Belgian designer Dries Van Noten should be called Dries Van Noten.
At the beginning of the 20th century Elsa Schiaparelli was known no less than Coco Chanel. Then Italian fashion house fell into decay and the rules for pronouncing the name of the founder were forgotten. Now the company is experiencing a rebirth, so it's time to refresh the knowledge - Elsa Schiaparelli.
Mary Katrantzou born in Greece, but creates in Britain. They call her there Mary Katranzu.
Male patronymics from names on -to her(type Andrey, Alexey, Sergey) are pronounced contractively, that is, in them instead of -eevna sounds -evna, for example, Lydia And[r'e] vna, Lyudmila Alek [s'e] vna, Natalia Ser[g'e] vna. However, female patronymics with the same combination from rarer names are pronounced with -eevna, for example, patronymics Korneevna, Eliseevna, Dorofeevna.
The female patronymic Nikolaevna is pronounced constrictedly: Nikola [ext] a. Less common Ermolaevna - without constriction.
Many patronymics from names on -in pronounced without combination -ov- if it is unstressed: Vyachesla [vn] a, Svyatoslav [vn] a, Bronisla [vn] a (although in writing - Vyacheslavovna, Svyatoslavovna, Bronislavovna).
In cases where the combination -ov- is under stress, it is naturally preserved, for example, in the patronymic Lvovna.
Usually not pronounced -ov- in female patronymics from names ending in -n And -m. In patronymics from names on -n, in these cases, a long consonant [n] sounds: Anto [N] a, Iva [N] a, Semyo [N] a. Patronymics from names on -m pronounced with the combination [mn]: Efi [mn] a, Aki [mn] a, Maxi [mn] a.
Female patronymic from Alexander– Alexa[N]a.
Female patronymic Mikhailovna pronounced like Miha [ln] a - with a fallout not only -ov-, but also iota, patronymic Pavlovna - like Pa [ln] a, that is, with the loss of not only -ov-, but also the sound [in].
In female patronymics formed from names into solid consonants -r, -l, -s, -t, -d, there is a full and contracted pronunciation. So, say Vladimir [evn] a and Vladimir [n] a, Fedor [b] a and Fedor [n] a, Boris [b] a and Boris [n] a. Pronunciation without -ov- has a reduced stylistic coloring, and is sometimes characteristic of vernacular (cf.: Fedot[n]a, Prokhor[n]a). The literary norm corresponds to the pronunciation with -ov-([bv]).
Women's patronymics formed from names on -b, -p, -g, -k, -x pronounced with a combination -ov-: Gle [bvn] a, Kar [pvn] a, Ole [gvn] a, Mar [kvn] a, Aristar [hvn] a.
Women's patronymics are pronounced differently, formed from names on -th(type Vasily, Gregory, Porfiry). One option with saving the combination -ev-, but without an iota: Vasya [l'vn] a, Grigo [r'vn] a, Porfi [r'vn] a. The second - without iota and without combination -ev-: Vasya [l'n] a, Grigo [r'n] a, Porfi [r'n] a. The first option is considered to be predominant. The second, due to its reduced stylistic coloring, is undesirable (naturally, we are not talking about literary and dramatic broadcasting and television, where you can find not only generally accepted, but also colloquial, dialect, social, individual characteristics pronunciation, as in the area fiction the reproduction of such features serves certain artistic purposes).
Pronunciation of male patronymics and names
In male patronymics formed from names ending in a hard consonant instead of an unstressed suffix -ovich pronounced [h]. Therefore, patronymics Antonovich, Semenovich, Borisovich, Fedorovich should sound like Anto [nch], Semyo [nch], Bori [sich], Fedo [rch]. It is not recommended to pronounce these and similar patronymics with a distinct [s] in the suffix: Anto [nych], Semyo [nych], etc.
Instead of Mikhailovich Miha [lch] is pronounced. Instead of Pavlovich- Pal[lch]. Instead of Aleksandrovich– Alexa [n.ch]. The pronunciation of this patronymic as [Sanch] is colloquial.
Male patronymics formed from names on -to her And -ay, pronounced with the combination [ich] in place of an unstressed suffix -evich, that is, patronymic Andreevich, Alekseevich, Sergeevich, Nikolaevich should sound like Andre [ich], Alekse [ich], Serge [ich], Nikola [ich].
Male patronymics on -evich formed from names on -th, are also pronounced with the suffix [ich], and the preceding yot is most often lost. Yes, instead of Anatolyevich, Vasilievich, Grigorievich, pronounce Anatol [ich], Vasil [ich], Grigor [ich].
Some male names in combination with patronymics are pronounced differently than in separate use.
For example, name Michael sounds like it is spelled - Mikh[ail], but together with the patronymic it starts to sound like Mikh[al]: Mikh[al] Vasilyevich, Mikh[al] Nikolaevich.
Name Alexander pronounced in full - Alexa [ndr], and in combination with a patronymic, starting with a consonant sound, - without two final consonants: Alexa [n] Sergeevich, Alexa [n] Nikolaevich. If the patronymic begins with a vowel sound, the name is pronounced in full: Alexa [ndr y] vanovich, Alexa [ndr a] ntonovich.
Name Paul in combination with a patronymic should be pronounced as Pa [v'l]. The pronunciation P[al], which occurs in fluent colloquial speech, cannot be recommended if this name is combined with a patronymic beginning with a consonant: P[al] Maksimovich, P[al], Petrovich.
Task 1. Read the words below at a different pace and track which sounds are lost during rapid pronunciation
Pyotr Alexandrovich, Lydia Konstantinovna, Evgeny Vyacheslavovich, Elena Sergeevna, Lyudmila Nikolaevna, Maria Vladislavovna, Natalya Anatolyevna, Sergey Pavlovich.
Task 1. Say the words below and determine whether soft or hard [s] is pronounced at the end of the word
I'm afraid, I admired, I wash, I suffered, I started, I got upset, I got together, I strive, I wash myself.
Task 2. Divide the borrowed words below into three groups depending on the pronunciation of the consonant before [e]:
a) with a pronounced hard consonant;
We, people from PR, are sometimes ashamed not to know how the names of leading brands are pronounced correctly - after all, we often learn from their cases. Not to mention the fact that we ourselves often become consumers of things of famous brands. Once again, after listening to the people around me and watching the release of the program "America's Next Top Model", which featured the incomprehensible "Christian Lacra" and "Hermes", we decided to prepare this post.
If you have a desire to argue, then please, not here. We checked each entry, so if you didn’t hear with your own ears how Christian Lacroix said that his last name is pronounced “Lacroich”, then please don’t argue. We researched a dozen sites of people who do not get out of fashion shows and checked the correct pronunciation. Those in which there were discrepancies, we did not include in the review.
Since with an accent in the editor a big problem, accents will be highlighted with a capital letter. Let's make a reservation right away that sometimes several pronunciation options are possible and different variants pronunciation in different countries. We will take those that are considered correct in Russia.
Alexander McQueen - [Alexander McQueen]
Giorgio Armani - [Giorgio Armani] / [Giorgio Armani]
Balmain - [balmAn]. Here, please pay attention: the brand is French, so the combination ai is read as “a”. Some especially advanced ones read, of course, “balmain”, but you are not one of them, right?
Bulgari - [Bulgari]
Burberry - [burberry]. Whoever said anything. don't believe? Listen.
Byblos - [byblos]
Cacharel - [kasharEl]
Carolina Herrera
Cartier - [cartier]
Celine - [celine]
Chanel - [shanEl]. Well, it is you who must know how Our Father is.
Chloé - [chloe]
Christian Dior - [christian dior]. Another Our Father.
Christian Louboutin - [Christian LouboutAn]. Listen
Christian Lacroix - [christian lacroix]
Clarins - [clarins]
Dior Homme - [Dior Om]. By the way, a note. Homme means "male, male" and is always and everywhere read as [Om]. Femme means "feminine, woman", and is always and everywhere read as [fam]. Accordingly, the names of perfumes “for him” - pour homme - will be read [pur Om], and “for her” - pour femme [pur fAm].
dolce & gabbana
Dsquared - [diskEirt]. There is also a lot of controversy about this name, but it is pronounced that way.
DKNY (Donna Karan New York)
Emilio Pucci - [emIlio pucci]
Escada - [escada]
Estée Lauder - [este louder]. Here too interesting story. The name seems to be French, although the brand is American. Therefore, in such abnormal eclecticism, such a hybrid as [este louder] turned out. Listen.
Ermenegildo Zegna But this is a must-know for all men.
Etro - [etro]
Hermes. There is a very interesting story going on with this brand. All over the world, including in Russia, the townsfolk pronounce the brand name as "GerMes". But it's not right. French inhabitants, whose land, in fact, gave birth to this brand, read the name of the brand as "erme". And they do it right from the point of view of French phonetics - the first letter is mute, the stress is on the last syllable, the last letter is not readable. The French inhabitants just forget that proper names are exceptions to any rule. The name of the founder of the brand was Thierry Hermès, so the only correct pronunciation of the brand is [ermEs], with not a slight accent, but aspiration on the first syllable. You can listen.
Hublot - [ublO]
Guy Laroche
Gianfranco Ferré - [genfranco ferE]
Givenchy - [givenchy]. The founding father of the brand was named Hubert de Givenchy
John Galliano
Jean-Paul Gaultier - [Jean-Paul Gaultier]
Jimmy Choo - [Jimmy Choo]
Gucci - [gucci]
Guess - [ges]. The vowel is something between "E" and "E"
Jimmy Choo - [Jimmy Choo]
Lacoste - [lacoste]
Karl Lagerfeld - [Karl Lagerfeld]. And tell these clever Anglo-lovers that Lagerfeld is German.
Louis Vuitton - [loui viiton] / [lui viton] / [lui viuiton] - in all three cases"n" is pronounced in the nose
LVMH (Louis Vuitton Moët Hennessy) - [el ve em ash], [louis vuitton moet ennessy]. Listen and.
Stella McCartney - [Stella McCartney]
Mandarina Duck - [mandarina duck]
Max Mara - [max mara]
Miu Miu - [miu miu]
Moschino - [Moskino]. The designer's name is Franco Moschino
Nina Ricci - [Nina Ricci]
Paul Smith
Pierre Cardin - [Pierre cardan]. This is ideal. Often in Russia they also say "karden". The main thing is not to "cardin".
Prada - [prada]. Designer - Miuccia Prada [miUcha prAda]
Ralph Lauren - [Ralph Lauren] - again a French-American linguistic setup.
Robert Piguet
Salvatore Ferragamo - [selvatore ferragamo]
Seiko - [seiko]
Sergio Rossi - [Sergio Rossi]
Sonia Rykiel - [Sonia Rykiel]
Shiseido - [shiseido]
Tommy Hilfiger English language, so the last letter is softly read
Tissot - [tissO]
Ulysse Nardin - [Ulysse NardAn]. "U" is more like "Yu". Listen.
Van Cleef & Arpels - [Van Cleef & Arpel]
Versace - [versace]
Viktor & Rolf - [Viktor and Rolf]
Wyler Genève
Yohji Yamamoto - [yoji yamamoto]
Yves Saint Laurent - [Yves Saint Laurent]
Zuhair Murad - [Zuhair Murad]
Naturally, I have covered far from all brands here, but at least those that are on everyone's lips. Thank you in the comments. If you take something to your site or blog, do not forget to throw a direct active link to me.
For those who are especially advanced in fashion brands, but not particularly advanced in phonetics, we advise you to watch-listen-read this entry by fashion blogger Brian Boy - there he mentions many brands that we did not talk about here.
On this, perhaps, everything. Pronounce the names of your favorite brands correctly!
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