Chamomile garden: cultivation and care. Chamomile garden perennial

Chamomile is a annual plant. It is possible to grow it from seeds and prepare healing inflorescences in 60-70 days.

How to sow a pharmacy chamomile in the ground

Seeds are sown before winter in early spring and through seedlings. best temperature for chamomile shoots it is 15 ... 20 ° C, although at + 6 ... 7 ° C the seeds begin to germinate. Chamomile seeds are very small, they germinate in the light, so they must be sown on the surface of the soil prepared in advance. For germination of seedlings prerequisite is the presence of moisture in the surface layer of the earth. Sowing is carried out on well-moistened soil and covered with non-woven material.

A plot for chamomile is taken away in a sunny place.

The soil should not contain weeds, otherwise they will "clog" chamomile seedlings. It is necessary to take into account the fact that chamomile gives excellent self-seeding. And here it is necessary to allocate a separate piece of land for medicinal raw materials, so that it does not "get in the way" underfoot.

Growing seedlings

Chamomile seeds in nature undergo natural cold stratification in winter time. A similar procedure can be carried out in the refrigerator, putting bags of chamomile for 2-3 months. In the spring they are sown superficially in containers with moist soil and exposed to light. Shoots begin to appear after a week at room temperature.

Chamomile seedlings are cold-resistant, the main thing at first is not to flood the seedlings.

Why don't seeds germinate

It often happens that crops before winter or early spring do not sprout. The reasons are different. Mainly natural conditions(wetting of the soil and damping of the seeds, drying out from the sun of the upper soil layer of the earth, high strength weed competition, etc.). Not high germination harvested seeds 50 ... 60% (in the first year), although the germination rate increases slightly during storage in the future. A small number of seeds in bags. For 1 sq. m requires 1 g of seeds.

Chamomile is a plant that is hardy and special care does not need. If you immediately sow the seeds in fertilized nutrient soil, then you do not need to feed it. After all, our task is to grow environmentally friendly medicinal raw materials. In very dry weather, you can only limit yourself to watering a medicinal plantation.

How to properly harvest medicinal raw materials

Only chamomile flowers are harvested, although all parts of the plants are also medicinal. There are three phases of the behavior of chamomile flowers. The first, when the white petals look up - it's not time to collect them yet. If the white petals are located strictly horizontally, it's time to start harvesting.

The third phase, when the white petals sank down, indicates that the flowers are overripe and will begin to pour seeds onto the ground.

Chamomile flowers are harvested in dry weather, dried in the shade and stored in paper bags or boxes. The shelf life of medicinal raw materials is 1 year.

- very beautiful flower decorating for years. It is unpretentious and does not need super complicated care. However, do not neglect the following guide, as insufficient or irregular care can lead to sad consequences.

First of all, when taking care of a large garden chamomile, you need to consider three "golden" rules:

• avoid excessive watering;
• prevent the expansion of weeds;
• do not forget to regularly loosen the soil.

Nevertheless, in the care of the plant, there are a number of special cases related to reproduction, preparation for the winter "rest" and the prevention of fungal infections. What does a gardener who grows or decides to grow a large garden chamomile need to know in order for the plant to feel comfortable?

Morphological description

Chamomile large (giant) garden- a perennial herbaceous bush plant belonging to the Aster family (Asteraceae). Feature - large inflorescences, mainly with snow-white petals and a yellow core.

Often a large garden chamomile is called a daisy. From a botanical point of view, this name is incorrect: the daisy belongs to the same family, however, the chamomile flowers are slightly smaller, and the leaves are thinner and more delicate, not whole.

Garden chamomile is a branchy plant with many inflorescences on one bush. The buds are large, dense, pronounced. The stem is elastic, strong. A healthy plant can bloom all summer. In many cases, the morphology of garden chamomile is associated with belonging to a particular variety.

Popular types and varieties of large garden chamomile.

A giant of its kind the stem reaches 90 cm in height, and the diameter of the opened bud is more than 15 cm. It is frost-resistant, easily tolerates drought. But for the most spectacular flowering requires regular watering.

In addition to aesthetic qualities, leefflower is known for its healing qualities. Most often used for cutting. To this variety belongs Terry chamomile- characterized by an abundance of petals filling the core. Himself large variety- leucanthemum - terry chamomile is practically not inferior, reaching 70 cm in height.

North Star

A favorite of gardeners, it is resistant to drought, size (stem length - 60-70 cm) and radiant whiteness of inflorescences. It is not recommended to plant seedlings in shady corners of the garden. Planting seedlings is possible in spring or autumn, however, flowering occurs only in the second year.

A princess

Sun-loving perennial with lush white inflorescences. It reaches a height of no more than 35 cm with a diameter of an opened bud of up to 10 cm. Unlike the Northern Star, the Princess prefers moist soil. The flowering period is the longest: from July to mid-October.

Alaska

Large-flowered plant, reaching 90 cm in height. The diameter of the inflorescence is up to 12 cm. It is planted, as a rule, in the fall and pleases with flowering the next summer. The variety is unpretentious, endures drought and, like its "botanical counterparts", loves sunlight.

Color varieties

Thanks to the experiments of breeders, there are more than 100 multi-colored species, among which the most popular are:

1. Feverfew Rose or Persian Chamomile has a lot of varieties that differ in the saturation of the color of the petals. Often grown as a cut, harmonizing in a bouquet with other field plants. For Persian chamomile, both a lack and an excess of moisture are detrimental. Feels comfortable in the shade. The flowering period lasts all summer.
2. Red feverfew similar to pink, which often leads to confusion. The peculiarity is large bright red inflorescences, which is why it is sometimes called meat-red feverfew.
3. yellow doronicum- characterized by a bright yellow color of the petals. Flowering occurs early - in the second half of March. During this period, the plant reaches 70 cm in height. Yellow doronicum reproduces rapidly without requiring specific care. Tolerates frost. Undemanding to lighting blooms longer in the shady corners of the garden.
4. Separately, it is worth mentioning the blue chamomile, which is distinguished by the dark blue color of the inflorescences. It is an annual plant growing up to 60 cm in height. It is best known for being used in medicine and cosmetology for the preparation of essential oil.
5. (or orange small petal) - perennial herbaceous plant with narrow bright orange petals. Sun-loving variety, grows quickly. It is used to decorate flower beds, less often - for cutting.

Photo gallery: a variety of colors of colored chamomile

How to grow more crops?

Any gardener and summer resident is pleased to receive big harvest with large fruits. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to get the desired result.

Often plants lack nutrition and useful minerals

It has the following properties:

• Allows increase yield by 50% in just a few weeks of use.
• You can get good harvest even on low-fertility soils and in adverse climatic conditions
• Absolutely safe

Growing on the site

There are several ways to grow garden chamomile. Which method to choose depends on what time of the year the landing takes place.

Seedling growing method

1. a recess is made in the ground up to 30 cm;
2. fertilizer is laid in the hole: compost or organo-mineral mixture;
3. it is not necessary to remove old soil from the roots in order to avoid damage;
4. the soil after planting must be irrigated.

Flowering should come next year, but much depends on the characteristics of the variety.

The division of the bush

It is better to plant by dividing the bush in the first half of autumn every 2-3 years. Planting a flower is necessary for more spectacular flowering, which fades as the bush grows.

1. the rhizome is divided into parts with several points of growth;
2. the seat should slightly exceed the size of the rhizome of the planted plant;
3. it is desirable to pre-fertilize the hole, straighten the root;
4. after planting, the soil is compacted and watered.

Flowering occurs the next year.

If chamomile is grown for cutting and for the formation of bouquets, the most in a suitable way cultivation is division.

Growing from seed

Tips for growing large chamomile seeds:

• To collect seeds, it is necessary to wait for the peduncles to ripen (the petals must dry out and the baskets turn brown).
• Cut and dry the inflorescences.
• Dry the seeds and remove rubbish from them.
• It is recommended to store the seeds in a paper bag with an air hole.

The sowing period is autumn and spring.

Sow chamomile as follows:

• seeds are sown to a depth of no more than 2 cm;
• distance between rows - 20 cm;
• beds are recommended to be mulched.

How to plant a large garden chamomile in the garden?

Soil preparation and planting site selection:

When and how to plant?

• Sowing seeds takes place in late May - late July.
• To grow seedlings, seeds are sown in March in specially prepared pots with drainage (or ordinary plastic cups, but we must not forget to make a hole from below).
• Planting by dividing the rhizome is carried out in September - early October.
• Seedlings are planted in May.

When is the best time to transplant garden chamomile?

The plant takes root well, but for more spectacular flowering when transplanted, they put it in the hole mineral supplements or compost.

Stories from our readers!
"I am a gardener with years of experience, and this fertilizer began to be used only last year. I tested it on the most capricious vegetable in my garden - on tomatoes. The bushes grew and bloomed together, the harvest was more than usual. And they didn’t suffer from late blight, this is the main thing.

Fertilizer really gives more intensive growth of garden plants, and they bear fruit much better. Now you can’t grow a normal crop without fertilizer, and this top dressing increases the number of vegetables, so I am very pleased with the result."

Caring for a large garden chamomile

Watering and feeding

The plant needs regular, but not excessive watering. Do not forget to mulch or drain the soil. both organic and mineral are suitable.

Mandatory supplements:

• nitrophoska- 2 tbsp. l. fertilizer / 10 l of water (composition for May top dressing);
• superphosphate or potassium sulfate - 1 tbsp. l / 10 l of water.

Care after flowering and preparation for winter

After flowering, the plant also requires watering and loosening the root soil. We must not forget to destroy the weed. With the end of flowering, new leaves appear in place of dead leaves, so the plant requires regular fertilization. Well suited for this: fresh mullein or an infusion of bird droppings.

As a rule, a large garden chamomile endures frosts in open ground, but it is better not to take risks and cover the bed with leaves before snow falls.

Pruning and rejuvenation of the bush

To strengthen the rhizome and form new shoots, it is not recommended to leave the stems on the vine - they must be cut off. After the chamomile has faded, all above-ground part plants are cut to 10-15 cm from the ground.

Rejuvenation of the bush is the pruning of a part of the root system, takes place 5 years after planting, after which it is repeated after 3 years.

How is rejuvenation carried out?

1. the rhizome is divided in half, one of the parts of the root system is removed;
2. compost and new fertile soil are laid in place of the removed part of the rhizome.

During subsequent rejuvenation, the older part of the rhizome is removed.

Diseases and pests

At improper care large garden chamomile is susceptible to fungal infections:

Used to prevent infections. In case of severe damage, the plant is best removed.

Timely weeding and loosening of the soil, as well as preventive treatment with insecticides, will help reduce the risk of pest damage.

Large garden chamomile in landscape design

A large garden chamomile is famous in floristry and serves as a flower bed, where it goes well with other garden flowers. Perfectly coexists with unpretentious wild flowers, such as poppies, cornflowers, .

Nivyanik goes well in one composition with flowers such as. In addition, the plant feels comfortable on Moorish lawn. Undersized varieties decorate the borders. Sometimes I grow garden chamomile in decorative pots on the terraces.

The success of this plant in modern landscape design lies in the duration of flowering and friendliness towards others garden plants with which group landings are formed.

1. According to modern dream book if you dream big flowers chamomile- will happen soon happy event, and weaving a wreath of daisies - fortunately with your loved one.
2. Large garden chamomile is a real find for florists: in a bouquet does not fade up to 10 days.
3. Chamomile - a symbol of light, purity and fidelity, therefore, it is no coincidence that she was chosen as the subject of fortune-telling; for these purposes, from ancient times, the largest possible inflorescences were chosen, which approved the plant as the most valued by lovers.
4. Garden chamomile, like chamomile officinalis, easily relieves inflammation, has an antibacterial and sedative effect, and is also used to make teas and decoctions.

Conclusion

Large garden chamomile - simple, but very beautiful and delicate flower. Care does not require much effort. The main thing is to choose appropriate place for the sun loving flower and follow simple rules care. Then the snow-white beauty will delight abundant flowering all summer!

Planting and caring for chamomile (in brief)

• Landing: sowing seeds in the ground - at the end of May, sowing seeds for seedlings - in March, planting seedlings in the garden - in May.
• Bloom: from early July to September.
• Lighting: bright sunlight.
• The soil: slightly alkaline or neutral, in an area with deep groundwater.
• Watering: during the rooting period, seedlings are watered frequently, but then watering is required only during a period of prolonged drought.
• Top dressing: annually, humus, peat and compost are introduced into the soil, and in the middle of spring they scatter over the site ammonium nitrate at the rate of 20 g of fertilizer per m². There is no need to water after this.
• Reproduction: seeds and division of the bush.
• Pests: aphids, thrips, starflies and wireworms.
• Diseases: are amazed powdery mildew, gray mold, rust and fusarium.

Read more about growing chamomile below.

Chamomile flowers - description

garden chamomile, or nivyanik, or popovnik (lat. Leucanthemum vulgare), is a herbaceous plant with a height of 15 to 60 cm with a short root, erect, slightly faceted stem, spatulate, crenate basal leaves on long petioles and oblong, unevenly serrated stem leaves, two of which, located in the upper part of the stem, are greatly reduced in size compared to others. Chamomile flowers are hemispherical inflorescences-baskets with a diameter of 2.5 to 6 cm, united in corymbs. Baskets consist of median yellow tubular bisexual flowers and long marginal pseudolingual sterile flowers, usually white, but sometimes yellow color. The fruit of garden chamomile is an achene.

There are about two dozen species in the genus leucanthemum.

Growing chamomile from seeds

Sowing chamomile

Growing chamomile is possible with seedlings and without seedling way. You can sow garden chamomile seeds simply in the ground, but it is more reliable to use the seedling method. Chamomile seeds are sown for seedlings in March. Trays with cells are filled with a moist, light, breathable substrate, consisting of peat and sand in equal parts, lay out 2-3 seeds in each cell, sprinkle them on top thin layer substrate, cover the container with a transparent film and place it close to the window, but not on the windowsill, since the light passing through the glass is too intense and can damage the seed germination process. Monitor the condition of the soil, and as soon as it dries, moisten it with a spray bottle.

Chamomile seedling

When shoots begin to appear, and at normal room temperature this will happen in a week and a half to two weeks, remove the film and place the container as close to a sunny window as possible, protecting the seedlings from drafts. If this is not possible for any reason, place above the container fluorescent lamp which must work at least 14 hours a day. As soon as the chamomile seedlings reach a height of 5 cm, leave only one, the most developed seedling, in each cell. Do not pull out unnecessary seedlings, but carefully pinch them above the ground surface, because you risk damaging root system the remaining seedling. In order for the chamomile to grow, pinch it over 3-4 leaves.

Planting chamomile in open ground

When to plant chamomile in the ground

Seedlings are planted in the ground at the age of 4-6 weeks, when all possible frosts have passed. Garden chamomile loves sunny areas with calcareous or neutral soil and deep groundwater.

How to plant daisies

Planting daisies in the ground is carried out after preparing the site - you need to add to the soil for digging complex fertilizer for flowers. Dig holes 20-30 cm deep at a distance of 20 to 40 cm from each other - the distance between the bushes and the depth of the holes depend on the variety of chamomile. Remove the seedlings from the cells along with earthy clod, plant them in the holes, compress the soil around the stems and water the seedlings. Daisies will bloom from seeds next year.

Daisy care in the garden

How to care for chamomile

Until the chamomile seedlings get comfortable in the ground and start growing, they need to be watered frequently, but after rooting, the flowers require watering only in dry weather. To keep moisture in the soil longer, mulch the surface around the plant with peat. Otherwise, caring for daisies consists in loosening the soil, weeding the site, fertilizing and preparing perennials for winter. As fertilizers, humus, peat and compost are annually introduced into the soil. In the middle of spring, ammonium nitrate is scattered between the rows at the rate of 20 g per m² without subsequent watering. During the period of budding under plants with faded stems and leaves, it is advisable to add a solution of urea. In the soil with an acidic reaction in the fall, slaked lime or dolomite flour.

Chamomile reproduction

Garden daisies propagate by dividing the bush and by seed. Despite the fact that perennial daisies can grow in one place for five years, after 2-3 years the bushes become too dense, in the middle of the bush the shoots die off, the size of the inflorescences decreases, and the plant loses its attractiveness. This can be avoided by planting young strong shoots from the bush in a timely manner. At the end of September or the beginning of October, on a cloudy cool day, separate a part from the bush and plant it in a prepared hole spilled with settled water, and fill the resulting void fertile soil. Next time, dig out and replant part of the bush on the opposite side. Thus, varietal and terry daisies are propagated. If you want to achieve the largest possible flowers on powerful stems, you need to divide the chamomile bushes annually.

Garden chamomile also propagates by seeds. We have described the cultivation of daisies with seedlings, but you can sow the seeds before winter directly into the ground. In cold soil, they will undergo natural stratification and will germinate together in the spring, and you will only have to thin out the seedlings.

Pests and diseases of chamomile

With insufficient or irregular care, chamomiles have a chance of getting sick with powdery mildew, gray mold, rust and fusarium.

powdery mildew manifests itself in the form of a whitish coating on the ground parts of the plant, which gradually becomes brown.

Rust looks like dark red spots on the upper side of the leaves, and on the lower side forms pads with spores of the fungus.

Fusarium too fungal disease, in which the roots and root neck of young plants begin to rot, the tissues become brown, the stem becomes thinner, the leaves turn yellow.

Gray rot manifested by rapidly increasing brown necrotic spots on shoots and leaves. At high humidity air spots are covered with a gray fluff of mycelium.

To prevent infection of flowers with a fungal infection, do not allow excess moisture in the soil, remove weeds in a timely manner and loosen the soil. An instance that is sick with gray rot is best removed immediately so that the disease does not spread to neighboring plants. Destroy the fungal microflora with fungicides - Fundazol, Topaz, Kuproksat, Oksihom and other drugs of similar action. Processing is carried out two or three times with an interval of 7-10 days.

Of the pests, garden chamomile is affected by aphids, thrips, star-winged fly and wireworms.

Starwing Fly so called because of the small star-shaped spot on the wing. Its larvae damage the garden chamomile, accumulating at the base of the median flowers. You can protect the planting of daisies from the appearance of this pest by regularly destroying weeds on the site.

thrips and aphid- sucking insects that feed on the cell sap of the ground parts of the plant. Discolored or yellow spots, strokes and stripes, damaged tissues die off, the leaves wither, fall off, the flowers are deformed and lose their decorative effect. In the fight against aphids and thrips, insectoacaricides are used - Karbofos, Agravertin or Actellik.

Wireworms are the larvae of the click beetle. They live in the soil for up to four years and feed on the underground parts of plants. To get rid of them, traps are set up in the soil: they dig holes where they put pieces of potatoes, carrots or beets. From above, the traps are covered with a board or a piece of metal. After 2-3 days, the traps are opened and the wireworms accumulated in them are destroyed. You need to do this regularly. Most often, wireworms appear if there is a plot with potatoes nearby.

Perennial daisies after flowering

How and when to collect chamomile seeds

If you want to collect seeds, wait for a few large flowers to dry out, and only then cut them off, dry them in a dry, well-ventilated room and peel the seeds from the median tubular flowers onto paper. They will need to be winnowed, poured into a paper bag and stored in a dry, dark place. Germination of cornflower seeds retain 2-3 years. However, remember that when seed propagation varietal and double daisies do not inherit the traits of their parents.

Preparing daisies for winter

Planting and caring for perennial daisies is no different from growing annual daisies, except for one thing - they need to be covered for the winter. Before the onset of cold weather, the stems of perennial garden daisies are cut at surface level, after which the area is covered with dry foliage, sawdust, or covered with non-woven material.

Types and varieties of daisies

In addition to common daisy, or meadow chamomile, there are other types of daisy grown in culture.

or daisy, grows in Western Europe, Ukraine, the European part of Russia, in the south of Siberia. This is a perennial up to 90 cm high with single inflorescences-baskets with a diameter of 6-7 cm with white reed flowers and yellow tubular ones. Cultivated since 1500. The best garden forms of the species are:

• Sanssouci- leucanthemum up to 1 m high with inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter. White reed flowers are arranged in 6-8 rows, a few median flowers are yellow;
• May Queen- a very popular chamomile in amateur gardens traditional look up to 50 cm high with bright, shiny dark green leaves forming a ground cover;
• Maxima Koenig- a plant up to 1 m high with inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter with dark yellow median flowers and two rows of white reed flowers.

Kuril leucanthemum (Leucanthemum kurilense)

- late-flowering rock chamomile with dissected leaves, growing in the Kuril Islands and on the Japanese island of Hokkaido. The rhizome of this species is fleshy, thickened. The plant reaches a height of only 20 cm, while its few single baskets have a diameter of 5 to 8 cm. The marginal flowers are white. The Kuril leucanthemum has a variety of arcticum, which differs in the shape of the leaves.

he is marsh chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum paludosum) originally from the south of Portugal and Spain. This is a low-growing, but very bushy plant up to 25 cm high with sessile spatulate alternate leaves of bright green color and crenate along the edge. Inflorescences - numerous baskets up to 3 cm in diameter with short reed flowers white color and a large yellow center of tubular flowers.

grows in nature in the Pyrenees and is a perennial with a height of 50 to 100 cm with a short ground rhizome, spatulate sessile leaves with a crenate edge and basket inflorescences 10-12 cm in diameter. In simple inflorescences, marginal white flowers are located in two rows, median, tubular yellow. Terry inflorescences consist of numerous rows of white reed flowers, and tubular median ones also have a white corolla. Terry inflorescences of this type of leucanthemum are very similar to chrysanthemum. Grow cornflower as much as possible biennial plant. Cultivated since 1816. The best varieties:

• Alaska- a variety with baskets up to 10 cm in diameter with one row of reed flowers of white color;
• Beethoven- luxuriantly blooming daisies with simple inflorescences up to half a meter high;
• Stern von Antwerp- a variety up to 1 m high with inflorescences up to 10 cm in diameter. Reed flowers are white, tubular flowers are yellow;
• Schwabengrub- a variety up to 80 cm high with snow-white terry inflorescences;
• Little Princess- an elegant chamomile up to 20 cm high with large bright white inflorescences.

In addition to leucanthemum, other flowers of the Astrov family are also grown as garden chamomile - matricaria, pyrethrum, navels, erigeron and odorless chamomile.

We are all familiar with the chamomile plant. It is a genus of herbaceous herbs belonging to the Compositae family. One of the varieties of the plant is a pharmacy chamomile, which has many medicinal properties. If you are a cottage owner or land plot, you can independently grow and harvest raw materials from this plant. And how to do this, "Popular about health" will tell now. So, our conversation is about planting chamomile, caring for it and growing from seeds.

Growing chamomile from seeds

Consider two ways to grow pharmacy chamomile from seeds. The first is seedlings, the second is directly into the ground. Both methods can be used depending on your preferences and climatic conditions. In the first case, flowering will come earlier, in the second - later.

Planting seeds for seedlings

So, for growing seedlings of chamomile, you will need seeds, light soil (a mixture of sand and peat) and a shallow but wide box. Sowing can be done in early March. Chamomile seeds are very small, so for convenience it is better to mix them immediately with clean sand. Moisten the surface of the soil in the box, and then try to evenly scatter the tiny seeds.

seed care

It makes no sense to deepen the seeds, but to keep the surface of the soil moist, stretch cling film over the box. Put the container itself in a well-lit place, but not in the open sun. Seedlings should hatch after 14 days, sometimes this happens earlier. It is important to ventilate the greenhouse daily and monitor the degree of soil moisture. As soon as tender green sprouts appear, remove the film.

Wait until the seedlings reach a height of 5 cm, thin them out, leaving only the strongest and most developed specimens. Now regular watering is important for young daisies and good lighting. At the age of 4-6 weeks, the seedlings can be safely transferred to the garden if the frosts have definitely passed.

Planting seedlings of chamomile in the ground

After digging and fertilizing, about three weeks should pass. Make shallow holes in the ground (15-20 cm) at a distance of about 30 cm. Leave about 45 cm between rows. Gently pry the seedling and deepen it into the hole. Do this with everyone. Tamp the soil near the bushes and water.

Pharmacy chamomile - growing seeds in the open field

Seeds are sown in open ground. This can be done in autumn or early spring. The plant does not impose high requirements on the composition of the earth; it grows on moderately moist and loose and nutritious soils. It is worth liming the site if the soil on it is acidic. Before sowing, digging and loosening is required. At the same time, organic matter is always added and mineral fertilizers. The temperature outside (if you sow in the spring) should be at least around + 7- + 10 degrees. Mix the seeds with sand and scatter them evenly over the surface of the prepared and moistened area. Attention! It should be in the sun, not in the shade. The surface can be lightly sprinkled with a thin layer of sand. Sprouted seedlings need to be thinned out a little, leaving stronger ones, at a distance of 30 cm. Flowering usually occurs 40-50 days after the appearance of the first shoots, and it continues until autumn itself. Now it remains to take care of them in order to harvest a valuable harvest.

Daisy care in the garden

Only young plants require frequent watering. Adult rooted specimens are able to tolerate drought without any problems. To facilitate the work of the gardener, you can immediately mulch the landing sites with a peat layer. It will keep moisture at the roots, preventing it from evaporating quickly. Chamomile care is not burdensome. It is required to ensure that young plants do not interfere with the development of weeds, loosen the soil under the bushes in order to avoid the formation of a dense crust. Although, if you follow the advice to lay a layer of mulch, then this will not have to be done.

Chamomile pharmacy needs top dressing. Every spring, the soil is enriched with humus, peat and compost. At the same time, it is recommended to scatter ammonium nitrate between rows of flowers (dosage - 20 g / m2). Immediately before flowering, when buds are formed, the flowers are fed with a solution of urea.

Harvesting, harvesting chamomile

So, with the onset of flowering, you can start harvesting. Since flower baskets ripen gradually, you can harvest several times a season in the form of chamomile flowers. Only ripened baskets are harvested for harvesting, reaching a diameter of about one and a half centimeters. They are cut off with a part of the peduncle about 2-3 cm long. The raw materials are laid out on paper under a canopy and dried, while the layer of inflorescences should not exceed 5 cm. The flowers cannot be shifted or turned over so that they do not crumble. Dry raw materials become 5 times lighter by weight. Store chamomile in paper bags or fabric bags in a dry ventilated place.

As you can see, for pharmacy chamomile, planting seeds and growing are very simple processes. If you use the inflorescences of this plant for treatment or sometimes like to drink chamomile tea, then why not prepare this healing raw material yourself by growing chamomile on your site?

Garden chamomile is perennial flower, which is unpretentious and very beautiful. The white chamomile field looks especially unforgettable. Due to its durability and color, this plant is used in landscape design and garden design. But in this case, cultivated varieties are used. How to grow and care for chamomile on own site you will learn from this article.

Initially, chamomile is wild field plant which, thanks to its appearance and endurance, people decided to specially grow on their plots. The big plus of this amazing flower is that chamomile can be grown from seed. And along with other seedling or bulbous perennial flowers, it is much more profitable and easier.

Important! For the first time the name of the flower "chamomile" is mentioned in history in the 18th century. In the territory ancient Russia it was believed that daisies grow where a star fell. And translated from the Polish dialect, chamomile is a “Roman flower”. By the way, in Ancient Rome a flower with exactly the same characteristics, but with a different name, was considered healing and was revered not only for external data. At the same time, in ancient Egypt, this plant was associated with the sun god Ra. The ancient Egyptians believed that where the chamomile grew, this solar god passed there. And not in vain, because in our time, and then, the plant prefers a lot of sun and heat.

Modern cultivated daisies are the result of the work of breeders. The main features of this culture:

1. Daisies also prefer warmth and the sun, while in the shade they will develop no worse.
2. By autumn, the ground part of the plant inevitably dies. In spring, growth and flowering resume.
3. The flowering period of species averages from 40-60 days.
4. Flowers differ in color, shape of inflorescence baskets and size.
5. The center of the chamomile remains unchanged. It is yellow or red-brown.

Varieties of garden chamomile

On the territory of our country there are a huge number of species of this amazing flower. They differ in size, color, and flowering time. The most common and sought after by our gardeners are the following varieties of chamomile:

Chamomile daisy

Among the people, this type of plant is known as large garden chamomile (giant) or popovnik. There are more than twenty varieties of this species. The most requested of them:

• ordinary daisy;
• Kuril;
• the biggest scumbag.

This plant is different from its relatives large sizes petals, which are terry, semi-double or simple. The core is yellow.

Important! Features of planting and growing such chamomile on your own plot require you to adhere to the following recommendations:

chamomile feverfew

In another way, it is also called Persian chamomile. The petals of this variety of chamomile are terry or simple. Their colors are red, pink and yellow. Distinctive feature this type of chamomile - the height of the stem. It can reach from 50 cm to 1.5 meters. Feverfew is grown not only to decorate the site. This type of chamomile is also used to protect things from moths. The flower is dried and placed in a closet, where its smell repels pests.

Important! Features of the care and planting of such chamomile are as follows:

Chamomile doronicum

This species is considered one of the earliest flowering. The flowering period begins in early May and ends in June. Plants reach a height of 70 cm. Petals have a rich yellow color.

Important! Such daisies are absolutely undemanding to the soil and develop even in dark areas.

pharmacy chamomile

This species is the most popular among our gardeners. It has a pleasant, pronounced, apple aroma. Amazing medicinal properties, due to which flowers and stems of pharmaceutical chamomile are used for therapy and prevention various diseases, and also as a component in cosmetic decoctions, creams, masks.

Although such a plant belongs to the category of 1-year-olds, it can be grown on one site for 2-3 years in a row.

Important! When growing these varieties, keep in mind that they require:

Chamomile

Such daisies bloom late - from mid-June to September. Height - up to 1m. The range of shades is varied - flowers are:

• purple;
• white;
• pink;
• blue.

Important! Prefer loose soil and light, sunny areas.

Popular varieties of chamomile

Not only with the type of chamomile you need to decide, but also with suitable variety. It completely depends on how time-consuming the maintenance of the site will be, and how attractive the landscape will be. Take note of the most popular, persistent and beautiful varieties - it is better to give preference to flowers already proven by gardeners.

Varieties with large flowers:

• Ophelia;
• Beethoven;
• Alaska;
• Silver Princess;
• Maxima Kenig;
• Sanssouci;
• Julischnee.

With double flowers, such chamomiles are most often planted:

• Swan Lake;
• Crazy Daisy;
• Snow Maiden;
• Aglaya;
• Snow Lady;
• Edelweiss;
• Wirral Supreme;
• Christine Hagemann;
• Goldrausch;
• Sunny Sade.

With inflorescences different shades daisies are:

• red - Kelvey, Atrosangvineya, Pomegranate star;
• pink - Vanessa.

Planting garden chamomile

You can grow chamomile by cuttings from a bush and seeds. When landing by the first method, you will get faster lush bush. But if there is no already adult chamomile available, sow the seeds.

Planting a Giant Daisy - Seedling Method

In order for the bush to take root well, in the process of preparing and planting directly, follow these rules:

Growing chamomile from seeds

Seedlings are grown from seeds at home or they are brought directly into the ground. The landing rules are as follows:

1. The optimal planting time is the end of May - the beginning of June.
2. Prepare breeding beds.
3. Form rows with a depth of 1-1.5 cm.
4. Moisten the soil.
5. Apply seeds in rows, but not very thick, to save yourself the need to dive in the future.
6. Sprinkle wet sand on top.
7. Cover with foil and remove when there is no danger of frost and the first shoots have appeared.
8. Wait until 4-5 leaves appear on the chamomile, and plant flowers in 2-3 pieces at a distance of 40 cm.
   

   Important! The first shoots will appear after 10-14 days, subject to a soil temperature of 15 degrees. The flowering of the shrub will occur by autumn or next spring.
   

9. Feed your chamomile as follows:
   • in May - 2 tbsp. nitrophoska for 10 liters of water, distributing 5l / 1 m2;
   • after flowering - 1 tbsp. potassium and superphosphate per 10 liters of water, spending 6l / 1 m2 each;
   • after flowering - sprinkling wood ash around the shrub in the proportion of 3-4 tablespoons / 1 m2.

Video

So that you do not have any additional questions regarding planting and growing chamomile, watch the video below. It will give you more details.

Chamomile Care

The rules for caring for garden chamomile are very simple:

1. Make sure that the flower has enough moisture, but do not flood it too abundantly, otherwise the roots will begin to rot.
2. Weed regularly and loosen the soil.
3. Divide bushes every 2-3 years.
4. For the winter, cover the bushes or mulch with organic matter that is available - fallen leaves, spruce branches, sawdust.
5. Make sure that the chamomile is healthy and carry out prevention with fungicides. Most often, this culture is sick:
   • gray rot;
   • fusarium;
   • powdery mildew;
   • rust.
6. Be vigilant for the appearance of pests and do prevention with insecticides from:
   • wireworm;
   • thrips;
   • star fly.

Conclusion

Garden chamomile is only at first glance a simple flower. If you plant it correctly and pay attention to cultivation, you can easily design a very attractive design for your site and can use flowers for healing.