Elevator heating system. Modern elevator units of the heating system

Central heating, despite all its real and imaginary shortcomings, it is still the most common way to heat both multi-apartment residential buildings, and public and industrial ones.

The principle of operation of central heating

The general scheme is quite simple: a boiler house or CHP heats water, supplies it to the main heat pipes, and then to heating points - residential buildings, institutions, and so on. When moving through pipes, the water cools somewhat and at the final point its temperature is lower. To compensate for the cooling, the boiler room heats the water to over high value. The amount of heating depends on the temperature outside and the temperature graph.

• For example, with a schedule of 130/70 at an outdoor temperature of 0 C, the parameter of the water supplied to the main is 76 degrees. And at -22 C - at least 115. The latter is quite within the framework of physical laws, since the pipes are a closed vessel, and the coolant moves under pressure.

It is obvious that such superheated water cannot be supplied to the system, since an overheating effect occurs. At the same time, the materials of pipelines and radiators are greatly worn out, the surface of the batteries overheats up to the risk of burns, and plastic pipes in principle, they are not designed for coolant temperatures above 90 degrees.

For normal heating, several more conditions must be met.

• First, the pressure and speed of water movement. If it is small, then superheated water is supplied to the nearest apartments, and too cold to the distant ones, especially the corner ones, as a result of which the house is heated unevenly.
• Secondly, for proper heating, a certain amount of coolant is required. The thermal unit receives about 5–6 cubic meters from the main, while the system needs 12–13.

It is to solve all of the above issues that the heating elevator is used. The photo shows a sample.

Heating elevator: functions

This device belongs to the category of heating technology and performs several functions.

• Decrease in water temperature - since the supplied liquid is too hot, it must be cooled before serving. In this case, the feed rate should not be lost. The device mixes the supplied coolant with water from the return pipeline, thereby reducing the temperature and not reducing the speed.

• Creating a coolant volume - thanks to the above-described mixing of the supplied water and the liquid from the return, the volume necessary for normal functioning is obtained.
• The function of the circulation pump is the intake of water from the return and the supply of coolant to the apartments is carried out due to the pressure drop in front of the heating elevator. In this case, no electricity is used. The regulation of the temperature of the supplied water and its consumption is carried out by changing the size of the hole in the nozzle.

The principle of operation of the device

The device is a rather large capacity, as it includes a mixing chamber. Dirt traps and magnetic mesh filters are installed in front of the chamber: quality tap water in our cities is never high. The photo shows a diagram of the heating elevator.

Purified water enters the mixing chamber with high speed. Due to rarefaction, water from the return is sucked spontaneously and mixed with superheated water. The coolant through the nozzle is fed into the network. It is clear that the size of the hole in the nozzle determines the water temperature and pressure. Devices are produced with adjustable nozzle and permanent general principle their jobs are the same.

A certain ratio must be observed between the pressure inside the supply pipe and the resistance of the heating elevator: 7 to 1. With other indicators, the operation of the device will be inefficient. The pressure in the supply pipe and the return pipe also matters - it should be almost the same.

Heating elevator with adjustable nozzle

The principle of operation of the device is exactly the same: mixing the coolant and distributing it through the network due to the resulting pressure drop. However, the adjustable nozzle allows you to install different temperature for a certain time of day, for example, and thereby save heat.

• The size of the diameter itself does not change, but an additional mechanism is installed in the adjustable nozzle. Depending on the value indicated on the sensor, the throttle needle moves along the nozzle, reducing or increasing its working section, which will change the size of the hole. The operation of the mechanism requires power supply. In the photo - a heating elevator with an adjustable nozzle.

Public institutions and industrial facilities receive the greatest benefit from the apparatus, since for
For most of them, space heating at night is not necessary - the support of the minimum mode is quite enough. The ability to set a lower temperature at night significantly reduces heat consumption. Savings can reach 20-25%.

In residential apartment buildings, a device with an adjustable nozzle is used much less frequently, and in vain: at night, the temperature is +17-18 C instead of 22-24 C is more comfortable. Reducing the temperature index also reduces heating costs.

Multi-storey buildings, skyscrapers, administrative buildings and many different consumers provide heat from CHP plants or powerful boiler houses. Even relatively simple autonomous system a private house is sometimes difficult to adjust, especially if mistakes are made during design or installation. But the heating system of a large boiler house or CHP is incomparably more complicated. Many branches depart from the main pipe, and each consumer has a different pressure in the heating pipes and the amount of heat consumed.

Pipeline lengths vary and the system must be designed so that the furthest consumer receives sufficient heat. It becomes clear why there is coolant pressure in the heating system. The pressure pushes the water along the heating circuit, i.e. created by the central heating line, it plays the role of a circulation pump. The heating system must not allow imbalance when the heat consumption of any consumer changes.

In addition, the efficiency of heat supply should not be affected by the branching of the system. In order for a complex centralized heating system to work stably, it is necessary to install either an elevator unit or automated node control of the heating system in order to exclude mutual influence between them.

Heating engineers recommend using one of three temperature conditions boiler work. These regimes were initially calculated theoretically and have passed many years practical use. They provide heat transfer with minimal losses over long distances with maximum efficiency.

The thermal conditions of the boiler house can be described as the ratio of the supply temperature to the "return" temperature:

In real conditions, the mode is selected for each specific region, based on the value of winter air temperature. It should be noted that used for space heating high temperatures, especially 150 and 130 degrees is impossible to avoid burns and serious consequences during depressurization.

The temperature of the water exceeds the boiling point, and it does not boil in pipelines due to high pressure. This means that it is necessary to reduce the temperature and pressure and provide the necessary heat extraction for a particular building. This task is assigned to the elevator unit of the heating system - a special heating equipment located in the heat distribution point.

The device and principle of operation of the heating elevator

At the point of entry of the heating network pipeline, usually in the basement, the knot that connects the supply and return pipes catches the eye. This is an elevator mixing unit for home heating. The elevator is made in the form of a cast-iron or steel structure provided with three flanges. This is a conventional heating elevator, its principle of operation is based on the laws of physics. Inside the elevator there is a nozzle, a receiving chamber, a mixing neck and a diffuser. The receiving chamber is connected to the "return" using a flange.

Superheated water enters the elevator inlet and passes into the nozzle. Due to the narrowing of the nozzle, the flow velocity increases and the pressure decreases (Bernoulli's law). Water from the "return" is sucked into the area of ​​low pressure and mixed in the mixing chamber of the elevator. Water reduces the temperature to the desired level and at the same time reduces the pressure. The elevator works at the same time as the mixer. This is, in brief, the principle of operation of the elevator in the heating system of a building or structure.

Thermal node scheme

The heat carrier supply is regulated by the elevator heating units of the house. Elevator - the main element thermal node, needs tying. The control equipment is sensitive to pollution, therefore, the piping includes mud filters that are connected to the "supply" and "return".

The elevator harness includes:

• mud filters;
• pressure gauges (at the inlet and outlet);
• thermal sensors (thermometers at the elevator inlet, outlet and return line);
• valves (for preventive or emergency work).

This is the simplest version of the circuit for adjusting the temperature of the coolant, but it is often used as basic device thermal node. Base node elevator heating any buildings and structures, provides temperature and pressure control of the coolant in the circuit.

The advantages of its use for heating large objects, houses and skyscrapers:

But in the presence of indisputable advantages of using an elevator for heating systems, the disadvantages of using this device should also be noted:

Elevator with automatic adjustment

At present, designs of elevators have been created, in which, with the help of electronic adjustment, it is possible to change the cross section of the nozzle. In such an elevator there is a mechanism that moves the throttle needle. It changes the lumen of the nozzle and, as a result, the coolant flow rate changes. Changing the gap changes the speed of water movement. As a result, the mixing ratio of hot water and water from the “return” changes, which results in a change in the temperature of the coolant in the “supply”. Now it’s clear why water pressure is needed in the heating system.

The elevator regulates the supply and pressure of the coolant, and its pressure drives the flow in the heating circuit.

The main malfunctions of the elevator assembly

Even something as simple as an elevator assembly may not work properly. Malfunctions can be determined by analyzing the pressure gauge readings at the control points of the elevator assembly:

Distribution devices

The elevator assembly with all its piping can be represented as a pressure circulation pump, which, under a certain pressure, supplies the coolant to heating system.

If the object has several floors and consumers, then the most the right decision– distribution of the total coolant flow to each consumer.

To solve such problems, a comb is designed for a heating system, which has a different name - a collector. This device can be represented as a container. A coolant flows into the container from the elevator outlet, which then flows out through several outlets, and with the same pressure.

Consequently, the distribution manifold of the heating system allows the shutdown, adjustment, repair of individual consumers of the facility without stopping the operation of the heating circuit. The presence of a collector eliminates the mutual influence of the branches of the heating system. In this case, the pressure in corresponds to the pressure at the outlet of the elevator.

Three way valve

If it is necessary to divide the coolant flow between two consumers, a three-way valve is used for heating, which can operate in two modes:

A three-way valve is installed in those places of the heating circuit where it may be necessary to divide or completely block the flow of water. The valve material is steel, cast iron or brass. Inside the faucet is locking device, which can be spherical, cylindrical or conical. The tap resembles a tee and, depending on the connection to the heating system, can work as a mixer. Mixing proportions can be varied over a wide range.

The ball valve is mainly used for:

1. adjusting the temperature of underfloor heating;
2. battery temperature control;
3. distribution of the coolant in two directions.

There are two types of three-way valves - shut-off and control. In principle, they are almost equivalent, but shut-off three-way valves difficult to control the temperature.

Of course, heating is essential system life support in any home. It can be found in any buildings that receive central heating. In such a system, elevator heating units are very important mechanisms.

What parts do they consist of, how do they function, and in general, what is an elevator heating unit in this article we will consider.

What is an elevator

To understand and understand what this element is, it is best to go down to the basement of the building and see with your own eyes. But if you have no desire to leave your home, then you can see the photo and video files in our gallery. In the basement, among the many valves, valves, pipelines, pressure gauges and thermometers, you will definitely find this unit.

We suggest that you first understand the principle of work. Hot is supplied to the building from the district boiler house, and cooled is discharged.

This requires:

• Supply pipeline– performs the supply of hot coolant to the consumer;
• Return pipeline– performs work on the removal of the cooled coolant and its return to the district boiler house.

For several houses, and in some cases for each, if the houses are large, thermal chambers are equipped. In them, the distribution of the coolant between the houses takes place, and shut-off valves are installed, which serve to cut off the pipelines. Also, drainage devices can be made in the chambers, which serve to empty pipes, for example, for repair work. Further, the process depends on the temperature of the coolant.

In our country, there are several basic modes of operation of district boiler houses:

• Supply 150 and return 70 degrees Celsius;
• Respectively 130 and 70;
• 95 and 70.

The choice of mode depends on the latitude of residence. So, for example, for Moscow, a 130/70 schedule will be enough, and for Irkutsk, a 150/70 schedule will be needed. The names of these modes have the numbers of the maximum load of pipelines. But depending on the air temperature outside the window, the boiler room can operate at temperatures of 70/54.

This is done so that there is no overheating in the rooms and that it is comfortable to be in them. This adjustment is carried out at the boiler room and is a representative central type adjustments. Interesting is the fact that in European countries another type of adjustment is performed - local. That is, there is an adjustment at the heat supply facility itself.

Heating networks and boiler houses in such cases operate at the maximum mode. It is worth saying that the highest performance of boiler units is achieved precisely when maximum loads. comes to the consumer and already in place is regulated by special mechanisms.

These mechanisms are:

• Outdoor and indoor air temperature sensors;
• Servo;
• Actuator with valve.

Such systems are equipped individual devices for accounting for thermal energy, due to this, great savings are achieved monetary resources. Compared to elevators, such systems are less reliable and durable.

So, if the coolant has a temperature of no more than 95 degrees, then the main task is the high-quality physical distribution of heat throughout the system. To achieve these goals, collectors and balancing valves are used.

But in the case when the temperature is above 95 degrees, then it needs to be slightly reduced. This is what elevators do in the heating system, they mix chilled water from the return to the supply pipeline.

Important. The process of adjusting the elevator assembly is the simplest and cheapest mechanism, the main thing is to correctly calculate the heating elevator.

Functions and characteristics

As we have already dealt with you, the elevator of the heating system is engaged in cooling superheated water to a predetermined value. Then this prepared water enters.

This element improves the quality of the entire building system and correct installation and selection performs two functions:

• Mixing;
• Circulation.

Advantages of the elevator heating system:

• Simplicity of design;
• High efficiency;
• No electrical connection required.

Disadvantages:

• We need an accurate and high-quality calculation and selection of a heating elevator;
• There is no possibility to regulate the outlet temperature;
• It is necessary to observe a pressure difference between supply and return in the region of 0.8-2 bar.

In our time, such elements have become widespread in the economy of thermal networks. This is due to their advantages, such as resistance to changes in hydraulic and temperature regimes. In addition, they do not require the constant presence of a person.

Important. Calculation, selection and adjustment of elevators should not be done by hand, it is better to leave this matter to specialists, since a choice error can lead to big problems.

Design

The elevator consists of:

• rarefaction chambers;
• Nozzles;
• jet elevator.

Among heat engineers there is a concept as a strapping of the elevator assembly. It consists in installing the necessary shut-off valves, pressure gauges and thermometers. All this is assembled and is a node.

Important! To date, manufacturers are implementing elevators that are capable of adjusting the nozzle due to an electric drive. At the same time, it is possible to adjust the flow rate of the coolant in automatic mode. But it is also worth noting that such equipment is not yet distinguished by a high degree of reliability.

Reliability for many years

Technological progress never stops. More and more new technologies are being used in the heating of buildings. There is one alternative to the usual elevators - this is equipment with automatic temperature control. They are considered to be more energy-saving and economical, but their price is higher. In addition, they cannot work without power supply, and periodically need high power. What is better to use only time will tell.

Results

In this article, we found out what an elevator is in a heating system, what it consists of and how it works. As it turned out, such equipment is widespread due to its undeniable advantages. There are no prerequisites for utilities to abandon them.

There are alternatives for this equipment, but they differ in their high cost, less reliability and energy efficiency, because they require electricity and periodic repairs for their work.

Coolant in systems district heating passes through the heating substation before getting directly into the radiator sections of each apartment and a separate room. In such a node, the water is brought to the design temperature, and the balance is ensured due to the fact that the circuit of the elevator heating unit is working correctly. In the basement of any high-rise building, heated along the central highway, you can find such an elevator.

The principle of operation of the node

Understanding what an elevator is, it is worth noting the need for this complex to connect heating networks and private consumers with it. A thermal unit is a module that performs the functions pumping equipment. To see what an elevator is in a heating system, you need to go down to the basement of almost any apartment building. There, among the shut-off valves and pressure meters, it will be possible to find the desired element of the heating system (the diagram is shown in the figure below).

Finding out what an elevator is, it is worth determining its functionality according to the tasks performed. These include the redistribution of pressure from inside the heating system, while the coolant is issued with allowable temperature. In fact, the volume of water doubles, moving along the highways from the boiler room. This effect is achieved in the presence of water in a separate sealed vessel.

The temperature of the heat carrier coming from the boiler room is usually in the range of 105-150 0 C. It is not possible to use it with this parameter in domestic conditions for safety reasons.

Regulatory documents the boundary temperature value for the coolant is regulated, which should be no more than 95 0 С.

For reference. Currently, the issue of reducing the temperature of hot water from 60 0 C, provided for by SanPin, to 50 0 C, is being actively discussed, citing the need to save on resources. According to experts, the consumer will not notice such a minimal difference, and in order for proper disinfection of water in pipes to be carried out daily, it is recommended to increase it to 70 0 С. It is too early to judge how rational and thoughtful this initiative is. Changes to SanPin have not yet been made.

Returning to the topic of the heating system elevator, we note that it is he who provides the temperature in the system. These steps help reduce the risk of:

• with excessively overheated batteries, it is easy to get burned;
• heating radiators are not always able to withstand long time impact elevated temperature coolant under pressure;
• wiring made of polymer or metal-plastic pipes does not provide for their use with such hot heat transfer fluids.

How convenient is this node

You can hear the opinion that it would be more convenient not to use a heating elevator with this principle of operation, but to directly supply water at a lower temperature. However, this opinion is erroneous, because it will be necessary to significantly increase the diameters of the lines to transfer a colder coolant.

VIDEO: Elevator node of the central heating main

Actually, competent scheme The thermal heating unit allows you to mix part of the volume from the return, which has already cooled down, into the supply volume of water. Although in some sources the elevator unit of the heating system is considered obsolete hydraulic equipment, but it has proven its effectiveness in the work. More modern appliances, used instead of the elevator node scheme, are the following types:

• plate heat exchanger;
• mixer with three-way valve.

Operation of the elevator

Considering the elevator unit of the heating system, what it is and how it works, it is worth noting that the working structure has similarities with water pumps. However, operation does not require the transfer of energy from other systems. It shows its reliability under certain conditions.

From the outside, the base part of the device looks similar to a hydraulic tee mounted on the return branch. However, through a standard tee, the coolant would painlessly penetrate into the return line without passing through the radiators. Such behavior would be meaningless.

Standard elevator layout

AT classical scheme the elevator assembly of the heating system contains the following components:

• A prechamber, a supply pipe, at the end of which there is a nozzle of a certain diameter. It receives the coolant from the return.
• A diffuser is installed in the outlet part. It delivers water to consumers.

Today there are nodes where the diameter of the nozzle is controlled by an electric drive. This makes it possible to optimize the temperature of the coolant in automatic mode.

The choice of a unit with an electric drive is based on the fact that it is possible to change the mixing ratio of the coolant within 2-5, which is impossible in elevators where the nozzle diameter is not adjustable. Thus, a system with an adjustable nozzle allows significant savings on heating, which is possible in houses where central meters are installed.

Structure

How does the thermal node scheme work?

In general, the principle of operation can be described as follows:

• water moves along the line from the boiler room to the entrance to the nozzle;
• during the passage along a small diameter, the speed of the working coolant increases significantly;
• an area with a small discharge is formed;
• due to the resulting vacuum, water is sucked from the return;
• turbulent flows in a homogeneous mass are sent to the outlet through the diffuser.

In more detail, you can see everything on the working diagram.

For effective work system, in which the scheme of the elevator unit of the heating system is involved, it is necessary to ensure that the value of the pressure values ​​​​between the supply and return is greater than the value of the calculated hydraulic resistance.

System Disadvantages

In addition to positive qualities, a thermal node or a thermal node circuit has a certain drawback. It consists of the following. The elevator of the heating system does not have the ability to adjust the output temperature mixture. In such a situation, it will be necessary to measure the heated coolant from the main or from the return pipeline. It will be possible to lower the temperature only by changing the dimensions of the nozzle, which cannot be done structurally.

In some cases, elevators with an electric drive are saved. Their design includes a mechanical drive. This unit is powered by electric drive. In this way, it is possible to vary the diameter of the nozzle. The basic element of this design is a throttle needle, which has a conical shape. It enters the hole along the inner diameter of the structure. Moving a certain distance, it manages to correct the temperature of the mixture precisely by changing the diameter of the nozzle.

Both a manual drive in the form of a handle and a remotely started electric drive engine can be mounted on the shaft.

Due to such modernized solutions, the boiler room in the basement does not undergo significant costly refurbishments. It is enough to mount the regulator to get a modern heating unit.

Faults

In most cases, breakdowns are caused by the following factors:

• equipment clogging;
• a gradual increase in the diameter of the nozzle during operation, as a result of which the temperature of the coolant is more difficult to control;
• clogged mud tanks;
• breakage of fittings;
• failure of regulators, etc.

It is not difficult to determine the breakdown of this device, it immediately affects the temperature of the coolant and its sharp drop. With minor deviations from the norm, most likely, we are talking about clogging or a slight increase in the diameter of the nozzle. If the difference is very significant (more than 5 degrees), then it is already necessary to carry out diagnostics and call a specialist for repair.

The diameter of the nozzle increases either in the process of corrosion in contact with water, or as a result of involuntary drilling. Both ultimately lead to an imbalance in the system and must be eliminated immediately.

You need to know that modern modernized systems can be operated with electricity consumption metering units. With absence this device in the heating circuit it is difficult to achieve an economical effect. Installing heat and hot water meters can significantly reduce utility bills.

VIDEO: The principle of operation of the node

Hello! Internal heating systems mean a group of devices that carry out work on the supply of heat. They include equipment: radiators, control devices, metering and control devices, shut-off and control valves, filters, etc.

These systems are divided into:

- by type of coolant (air, water or steam);

- by the method of wiring (upper or lower);

- according to the method of connection heating appliances(one-pipe or two-pipe system).

At top wiring the coolant is supplied from the network from top to bottom. When, on the contrary, from the bottom up, then this is the bottom wiring.

Ways to connect heating devices

Now the most common are water single-pipe systems, from the bottom vertical wiring. In this case, the connection of the radiator is carried out with the help of connections, because they are easy to install and well guarantee uniform heating. Such a heating system requires accurate calculations of the number of sections for radiators, taking into account the level of water cooling and, in addition, carefully adjusted heaters, since the water in single pipe systems goes through them all in sequence.

The most successful heating concept, in my opinion, is the two-pipe heating system. The principle of its operation provides for the synchronous supply of hot and draining already cold water on different pipes. In addition, this concept facilitates the calculation of individual consumption.

elevator scheme internal system heating system was widespread at one time in apartment buildings due to its ability to maintain stability even with changes in pressure and temperature. The elevator does not need constant supervision as the pressure control follows the selected nozzle diameter. Modern residents of MKD have inherited the elevator scheme from Soviet times.

The norm for in-house heating is a water temperature of 95 degrees, but according to main pipelines The heating network is supplied with water at a temperature of 130 to 150 degrees Celsius. This difference is justified by the existing temperature graphs release of the coolant from the heat source, but is not suitable for entering the internal pipeline.

The mechanical elevator in such a scheme is designed to normalize the temperature and pressure of water before it enters the internal heating network. But besides the undoubted advantages, a mechanical heating elevator has a number of significant shortcomings. And I wrote about this in .

Types of heating elevators

They have a whole range of types, each is selected based on the proper implementation of a certain load. These devices differ in their type range by dimensional steps and throttle nozzles, which are calculated and adjusted for each specific option. I wrote about this in .

Heating system device

The thermal unit is a way of connecting the house heating system to the main networks. In the structure of a thermal node in a typical apartment building the buildings Soviet years includes: sump, shutoff valves, control devices, the elevator itself, etc.

The elevator unit is placed in a separate ITP room (individual heating point). By all means, there must be the presence of shut-off valves in order, if necessary, to disconnect the intra-house system from the main heat supply.
In order to avoid blockages and blockages in the system itself and in the devices of the internal house pipeline, it is necessary to isolate the dirt coming along with hot water from the main heating system, for this a sump is installed. The diameter of the sump is usually from 159 to 200 millimeters; all incoming dirt (solid particles, scale) collects and settles in it. The mud tank, in turn, needs timely and regular cleaning.

Control devices are thermometers and pressure gauges that measure temperature and pressure in the elevator assembly.

The principle of operation of the elevator unit

The mixing elevator serves as a device for cooling superheated water obtained from the heating network to a standard temperature before it is fed into the house heating system. The principle of its lowering is to mix water at an elevated temperature from the supply pipeline and cooled down from the return pipeline.

The elevator consists of several main parts. These are a suction manifold (inlet from the supply), a nozzle (throttle), a mixing chamber (the middle part of the elevator, where two flows are mixed and pressure is equalized), a receiving chamber (admixture from the return), and a diffuser (exit from the elevator directly to the network with a steady pressure ).

The nozzle is a narrowing device located in a steel case elevator device. Out of him hot water at high speed and reduced pressure, enters the mixing chamber, where water is mixed from the heating network and the return pipeline by suction. In other words, hot water from the main heating network enters the elevator, in which it passes through a narrowing nozzle at high speed and already reduced pressure, mixes with water from the return pipeline, and then, with an already reduced temperature, moves into the house pipeline. How the mechanical elevator nozzle directly looks can be seen in the photo below.

In modern modifications of the elevator, the technology for controlling the change in the nozzle section occurs automatically using electronics. In such a system, the mixing ratio of hot and chilled water varies, which reduces the cost of the heating system. These are the so-called weather-dependent or adjustable elevators, and I wrote about this in.

This structure of the elevator has an actuator to ensure its stable performance, consisting of a guiding device and a throttle needle, which is driven by a toothed roller. The action of the throttle needle regulates the coolant flow.

Malfunctions of elevator units of the heating system

Failures can occur for various reasons. This may be a breakdown of the valve, or a failure of the control valve settings. If the nozzle is directly clogged, it must be removed and cleaned. If a blockage occurs in the sump, even before the elevator, then the removal occurs by dumping the accumulated dirt using a relief valve (discharge valve) located in its lower part. In the event that, with this method of cleaning, the clogging cannot be removed, then the sump must be disassembled and a detailed cleaning should be carried out.

When directly changing the diameter of the nozzle in the mechanical elevator as a result of deformation, the internal heating system is unbalanced. A similar problem requires the immediate replacement of the nozzle itself with a new one.

Checking the condition of the elevator unit of the heating system

Such an examination has a clear sequence:

- checking the integrity of pipes;

- reconciliation of readings on control devices (pressure gauges and thermometers);

— check of pressure losses (internal resistance of the heating system);

— calculation of the mixing ratio.

After the examination is completed, the equipment is sealed with fixed settings to avoid unauthorized interventions.

An indisputable advantage elevator system is the ease of operation. Since it does not need round-the-clock monitoring, it is quite enough to carry out scheduled inspections. Although, I would like to add that I myself am not a supporter of elevator scheme heating systems, and especially schemes with a mechanical elevator. It is not modern, and got "in the load" from past times. Then, about 30 - 50 years ago, the installation of such heating schemes was fully justified and justified. But much water has flowed under the bridge since then.

Installation of the elevator unit of the heating system

The place for its installation, in order to avoid problems, must meet certain parameters. A full-fledged room is needed, in which there will be a positive temperature, in elevator units with an automatic (weather-dependent) system, in order to avoid power outages, it is better to provide an autonomous power supply.

Not so long ago I wrote and published a book « ITP device(Heat Points) of Buildings”. In it on concrete examples I considered various schemes ITP, namely the ITP scheme without an elevator, the scheme heating point with an elevator, and finally, a diagram of a heating unit with circulation pump and adjustable valve. The book is based on my practical experience I tried to write it as clear and accessible as possible.

Here is the content of the book:

1. Introduction

2. ITP device, scheme without elevator

3. ITP device, elevator scheme

4. ITP device, circuit with a circulation pump and an adjustable valve.

5. Conclusion

The device of ITP (heat points) of buildings.