Field bindweed and its control. Field bindweed (weed): how to get rid and how to destroy it in your garden

Bindweed field - climbing plant, which blooms with beautiful pale pink or snow-white corollas. AT wild nature we would admire him. However, once on our plots, the bindweed turns into the worst weed that interferes with receiving good harvests. There are many methods to combat it, but probably none to destroy it forever.

What is dangerous field bindweed in the garden and in the garden

Bindweed as a support is suitable for any hill and even a blade of grass. Stems braid and pull together young shoots cultivated plants, do not let them grow up, develop. Roots pump food and water out of the ground. Bindweed whips grow with a thick hat, their foliage can completely cover the plant that has become a support from sunlight, which leads to disruption of photosynthesis and starvation.

It turns out that bindweed successfully competes with other plants for a place in the sun and food. In addition, this weed in the phase when it has already grown and braided, for example, potatoes, cannot be quickly pulled out and removed. It will have to be unwound from the bushes like a rope. If you just pull it off the ground and pull, then the leaves and stems of the potato will be damaged. In addition, such a loach weaves the bushes together, the aisles become impassable. During the digging of potatoes, work is added: walking with scissors and cutting the living fetters from the bindweed. A similar picture is observed in beds with other vegetables, on bushes and trees.

Effective ways to deal with bindweed

There are several ways to deal with bindweed, but they all require perseverance. No one has been able to get rid of such a weed at one time and for good.

1. Refuse to dig the earth with a motor cultivator! The bindweed has a long root - 3–6 m, each centimeter has a dormant bud. With a walk-behind tractor, you chop the root into pieces and spread it throughout the garden, that is, you multiply it yourself. For the same reason, it is undesirable to dig with a shovel. It is better to use a pitchfork or to refuse to dig at all, as lovers of natural farming advise.
2. Do not allow bindweed to bloom. A flower is formed in the axil of each leaf. One plant can produce a thousand seeds that remain viable for up to 4 years!

   Do not let the bindweed bloom, weed it out earlier, otherwise it will multiply exponentially

3. Weed out regularly, do not let it grow into a powerful vine. By plucking or cutting off a growing lash, you violate important process- photosynthesis. The root does not receive nutrition from the leaves, it is depleted. The more often you remove the aerial part, the more the root is depleted. Eventually he will die.

   

   Cut off the aerial part regularly to deplete the root

4. Cover the beds with a dense black film. Cultivated plants are planted in the slot. Without light, bindweed dies in two seasons. It will continue to grow in the first year. An alternative to the film can be a thick layer of mulch - 10–15 cm.

   

   Grow crops on opaque film

5. Sow green manure in early spring: mustard, phacelia, rapeseed. They are more cold-resistant than bindweed, germinate before him, develop lush greenery. By the time the bindweed appears, the earth will already be completely covered with a dense green mass, which, naturally, inhibits the weed and prevents it from developing. Plant sunflowers and corn along the fence. Their powerful and branched root system will not allow bindweed to break through to the surface.

   

   Sow green manure, they grow in a dense carpet, preventing weeds from breaking through to the light

6. Improve soil structure. Bindweed loves acidic soil with iron deficiency. So, you need to bring ashes into the ground, dolomite flour or lime, as well as iron preparations (Ferovit, iron chelate, iron sulfate).

   

   Reduce soil acidity with dolomite flour

7. Experience folk recipe: dilute 1.5 kg of table salt in 10 liters of oxen, grease or spray bindweed leaves. It is advisable to do this in hot weather. The above-ground part will dry up, but the root in the ground will remain. The method is an alternative to weeding. wetting saline solution and by destroying the leaves in this way, you will gradually deplete the root.

   

   If the bindweed is small, each can be smeared with saline solution or herbicide

8. And only as a last resort use herbicides like Roundup, Lintur, Tornado and other glyphosates. They lead to the death of both the aerial part and the root. However, even with chemistry, bindweed cannot be completely removed. Let at least one small piece of the root with a dormant bud remain. Herbicides will have to be treated several times, but even after that the development of bindweed will only stop for 1-3 years.

   

   The best known glyphosate (root penetrating herbicide) is Roundup.

You can choose one of the ways or several, but it is better to fight in a complex way and fight the enemy on all fronts.

Video: ways to control weeds

I also had a lot of bindweed in the area. Now it is not even visible on the fence. On the beds comes across, but rarely. What helped, I don't know. I didn’t set goals to fight with him, I just got carried away natural farming. I refused to dig the earth, every year in the early spring I loosen it and sow green manure.
Last year, using litmus paper, I discovered that the soil in my garden was acidic. And for her plants, not thinking about bindweed, she brought dolomite flour into the ground. This year, strawberries chlorinated, fed them with iron chelate. There is not a single bindweed on strawberries at all, it still comes across potatoes.
I constantly pull out weeds along the fence, for me this is a tribute to the neighbors. I sow oats there, it suppresses any weeds well. It turns out that you can bring out bindweed without thinking about it at all, but simply taking care of your land, making it more suitable for growing cultivated plants, and not weeds.

Field bindweed came to our fields and gardens from the Mediterranean. There it was used in decorative purposes And How medicinal plant. It was from there that he began his victorious march across the expanses of the former Soviet Union and other countries. Quickly acclimatizing to new conditions garden plant gradually turned into a weed. And now it is a real scourge for gardeners and gardeners.

Having a well-developed deep root system, this weed is able to fill huge spaces. That's why effective fight with field bindweed is not easy, but necessary work. Especially for those who want to see their lawns or flower beds clean and well-groomed, and the beds with a good harvest.

But before starting a war, one should get to know the enemy better, study him strengths and weak points.

Field bindweed, popularly known as dodder, birch or bindweed, is a herbaceous climbing plant belonging to the bindweed family. Its stems are bare, creeping, more than a meter long. They usually extend directly from the root collar, forming dense rosettes. The leaves are entire, with long petioles and lanceolate bases. The flowers are quite large, similar to bells or funnels. Their color varies from white to pink. The fruits are ovoid capsules. Seeds tuberculate, brown or gray.

Bindweed is a very prolific plant. One copy is able to produce up to six hundred seeds that remain viable for at least three years. Its long stems tightly braid both wild and cultivated plants, turning them into a kind of hanging flower beds. Sometimes it looks very nice. But it is one thing when the bindweed is located somewhere on the fence, and quite another - on currants or tomatoes. In addition to purely physical harm, this weed contributes to the reproduction of a huge number of pests, being a convenient "incubator" for their eggs.

Bindweed blooms all summer - from June to late autumn. The fruits begin to ripen already in August, and the plant reproduces them very quickly. But no less effective is vegetative propagation - by root offspring or simply trimmings obtained by careless digging of the soil.

In the CIS countries, this weed is ubiquitous - from Central Asia to the coast White Sea. He especially loves loamy and sandy soils, agricultural crops, forest glades and neglected vegetable gardens.

All parts of the field bindweed are poisonous - this must be borne in mind when weeding. When poisoned, poisons act on the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines, causing vomiting, diarrhea and pain. By provoking hyperemia of the kidneys, they can lead to hematuria and polyuria. Even domestic animals, especially horses and sheep, are susceptible to poisoning.

To get noticeable results, the fight against field bindweed must be carried out by all available ways: mechanical, biological and chemical.

Mechanical control measures

The most simple mechanically is timely weeding. In the case of bindweed, it can be quite effective. The most important thing is not to let the weed grow, flooding the entire garden. The second task is not to allow its seeds to ripen. We must try to remove this plant as early as possible, at the first appearance.

The field bindweed and deep tillage have a detrimental effect on the bindweed. But only in those cases when, during digging, all the roots are carefully selected, without leaving even small scraps. Moreover, digging should not be done with a shovel, but with a pitchfork, which allows you to extract rhizomes from the ground without cutting them into pieces. When performing such an operation, one must remember that even the smallest pruning left deep in the ground can give life to a new plant.

If the area captured by the dodder is not large, a black film or roofing material used as a covering material can give a good result. You can just pour a bunch of straw on this place or put old boards. The main thing is to exclude the ingress of light, without which no green plant can exist.

Ideally, such a shelter should be kept throughout the season, then next year the land will be completely cleared of this weed. But some gardeners cut holes in the film and plant seedlings of any large plants there, for example, pumpkins or zucchini. Their roots are strong enough to compete with bindweed for nutrients, and the substances released into the surrounding soil accelerate the “processing” of dying parts by soil bacteria.

Biological control measures

To biological methods the fight against field bindweed includes the sowing of green manure or perennial meadow grasses- bluegrass, fescue, forming a dense turf. This weed is not strong enough to break through. Good result it is also obtained after rye or mustard, which are convenient to use after harvesting early potatoes.

Surface composting, and even simple mulching of beds with a thick layer of organic matter, helps to limit the spread of bindweed. Suitable for this sawdust, chaff, chopped straw - any bulk material, which is firmly attached to the ground.

Chemical control measures

the most ancient chemical reagent to combat bindweed is an ordinary salt. It is simply dissolved in water at the rate of 1.2 kilograms per bucket and sprayed on places where the weed has grown especially densely. But you should not get carried away in this way - it will be much more difficult to remove excess salt from the soil than weeds. And very little grows on salt marshes.

A.I. OSTANIN

head of the representative office of the firm "August" in Novosibirsk

One of the difficult-to-eradicate weeds in the Novosibirsk region is field bindweed. ( ConvolvulusarvensisL.). Experiments conducted by the Siberian Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture showed that it was impossible to eradicate it by agrotechnical methods alone: ​​even after 13 treatments carried out over 2 years of continuous fallowing, the weed grew back. It is even more difficult to solve this problem in erosion-prone areas, where the possibility of carrying out multiple tillage is limited by the threat of soil deflation.

Some authors note that one of the reasons for the increase in the proportion of root weeds in agrophy1-cenoses up to 70% was the widespread use of herbicides based on 2,4-D. (2,4-D, MCPA), benzoic acid (dicamba), imidazolinones (imazamox, imazethapyr), nitriles (bromoxynil). Mixtures of dicamba with 2,4-D are more effective, however, secondary regrowth of the weed is possible, especially when treated in the early stages. When using 2,4-D, the use of heavy esters C 7 -C 8 is more efficient. The currently widely used sulfonylurea derivatives weakly suppress field bindweed, especially at early stages of treatment, but at later stages their effectiveness increases significantly.

Our goal was to evaluate the biological effectiveness of a number of herbicides against bindweed in field conditions. The studies were carried out on the basis of the farm "Pavlenko V.N." in 2008-2010 The predominant soil type is leached chernozem. Crop rotation four-field grain fallow: pure fallow - wheat - wheat - malting barley. The reserves of productive moisture before sowing spring wheat (the first crop after fallow) in the years of research were at the level of average values ​​(83-91 mm), except for 2008, when they were lower (71 mm). In terms of hydrothermal conditions, 2007 was normal in terms of moisture supply (HTC = 1.1), 2008 - arid (HTC = 0.7), 2009 - excessively moistened (HTC = 1.7).

We studied the effectiveness of synthetic auxins - octapon extra, banvel, dianat, elant; combined preparations - octigen (synthetic auxin and acetolactate synthase inhibitor), dialena super (synthetic auxins); dianate tank mix with magnum (synthetic auxin and acetolactate synthase inhibitor).

For comparison, the protection scheme included preparations based on 2,4-D, as the most commonly used in agricultural enterprises, and preparations based on sulfonylureas in pure form, as in preliminary studies they showed insufficient effectiveness.

All herbicides were applied during the period from the middle to the end of tillering of the crop (stages 25-29 on the BCCH scale). At the same time, field bindweed reached a height of 5-10 cm. Experimental variants were placed on wheat grown as the first crop after fallow. The area of ​​the plots is 2.5 ha, the location is systematic, the repetition is 4-fold.

The infestation of crops was taken into account in the period from the beginning to the middle of tillering (stages 21-25) according to the biomass of weeds by the method of sequential sampling; when determining the effectiveness of herbicides - 21 days after treatment by the quantitative-weight method, selecting 8 sheaves from an area of ​​0.25 m 2 in each variant. The crop was accounted for by sampling sheaves from an area of ​​0.25 m 2, 20 sheaves from each variant. The data obtained were processed by the analysis of variance.

According to the results of a phytosanitary survey carried out before herbicide treatment, weed infestation of wheat was mixed with a predominance of root offspring species, while field bindweed accounted for 54% of the total aboveground mass. Weed biomass varied from 235.8 to 317.1 g/m 2 .

The high initial infestation with field bindweed (8.4-30 pcs / m 2) confirms the data of I.N. Zhukov that it is impossible to completely get rid of this weed only by agrotechnical methods, especially if herbicides were not used in the crops preceding the fallow, in the spectrum of action of which it was included.

The use of herbicides made it possible to reduce the total weediness of crops by 9.4-28.6%. However, with high efficiency against a complex of dicotyledonous weeds (at the level of 81.2-83.4%), the overall biological effectiveness was low due to the lack of graminicides in the experimental scheme. For all variants, an increase in the mass of bluegrass weeds was observed, which developed better with reduced competition from dicotyledonous species. High biological efficiency against field bindweed was noted when using a tank mixture of dianat + magnum - 72.5%.

For all variants of the experiment, with the exception of the variant with octigen, a significant increase in yield was obtained - 0.27-0.41 t/ha (20.9-31.8%) compared to the control. High economic efficiency was noted when using octapon extra, dialen super and tank mix dianat + magnum.

Observations of the state of crops 10 days after treatment with herbicides made it possible to establish that the herbicidal effect manifested itself most quickly when crops were sprayed with octapon extra, octigen and elant. Growth arrest, twisting, discoloration (yellowing, reddening) of weeds were noted. In variants with a tank mixture of dianat + magnum and a mixed preparation of dialen super, a curvature of the tops and clarification of growth points were observed. Subsequently, the visual effect of the herbicide action was manifested more clearly in all variants of the experiment.

Thus, with a high infestation of spring wheat crops with field bindweed, the most effective was the use of a tank mixture of dianat + magnum. Spraying crops with it in the tillering phase of spring wheat against field bindweed, having a height of 8-10 cm, provided high biological (72.5%) and economic (0.41 t/ha increase) efficiency. The use of dialen super (0.7 l/ha) and octapon extra (0.8 l/ha) was quite effective with a biological efficiency of 53 and 61.3% and a yield increase of 0.41 and 0.37 t/ha, respectively.

On South Western Siberia increased infestation with root weeds, including field bindweed and euphorbia vine. Scientists of the Plant Protection Laboratory of the Altai Research Institute Agriculture with an interval of 10 years (1993 and 2003), the materials of surveys of weediness of crops, conducted by the plant protection service, are summarized. During this time, the area littered with field bindweed has doubled, and with spurge vine more than tripled. The degree of pollution also increased.

The root system of these weeds penetrates very deeply, which gives them special advantages in conditions of lack of moisture. They can take it from such horizons, where the roots of cultural annual plants. As a result, the effect of drought intensifies, the subsoil horizons dry up.

To suppress weeds, you need to use all available methods. First of all, this is the use of agrotechnical and chemical methods. To do this, you need to know the biological characteristics of the species.

Bindweed field ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) widespread throughout. The yield of cultivated plants is significantly reduced in the presence of 3-5 weed stalks per 1 m 2, crops lie down, harvesting is difficult.

The root system consists of the main root, penetrating to a depth of 6 m or more, and lateral branches extending at a depth of 25–40 cm from the main root and rising upward at a slight angle. The bulk of the roots lie in the horizon up to 30 cm. The buds are usually laid at the site of the cut and bend, from which aerial climbing stems up to 2 m long are formed. The survival rate of root segments is high only in conditions of good moisture. Cutting bindweed does not lead to its destruction, but often enhances shoot formation, since on the main roots, below the cut line, many buds are formed, from which more shoots are formed than before.

The regrowth of field bindweed in spring begins late, shoots may appear after chemical weeding of cereals. Due to the supply of nutrients in the root system, it easily enters the upper tier and grows successfully. With late emergence, if there is not enough time for the formation of seeds, bindweed does not bloom, but focuses on increasing reserves in the root system.

Seeds are formed to a greater extent in arid conditions. On one stem, up to 500 pieces are formed on average, a maximum of 9.8 thousand pieces, their germination in the year of ripening is low. They germinate from a depth of no more than 10 cm, are distinguished by good viability (more than 3 years in the soil), rather large: weight 1000 pcs. - 10.3 - 16.6 g. In storage, the viability of seeds is at least 50 years. Seeds do not germinate after ripening, as they are covered with a hard waterproof shell. The number of hard-stone seeds in the population ranges from 28 to 91%, which multiplies the chance of its survival. Field bindweed forms perennial foci, where it grows long time. Its seeds can germinate profusely all summer and autumn, especially in wet years. With early shoots in favorable conditions it can form a horizontal root system in the first year.

Due to the powerful root system, field bindweed is resistant to many herbicides. The following is often observed: after herbicide treatment, the vegetative above-ground part dies off, but then re-growth occurs, and by harvesting crops are clogged with bindweed stronger than before: herbicides bring dormant buds out of dormancy, which give a large number of additional escapes. At the same time, seeds often do not form this year - there is an intensive accumulation of nutrients in the root system.

In crops, field bindweed is suppressed by maximum doses of derivatives of aryloxyacetic acids (2,4-D, MCPA), benzoic acid (dicamba), imidazolinones (imazamox, imazethapyr), nitriles (bromoxynil). Mixtures of dicamba with 2,4-D are often more effective, but regrowth is possible, especially if treated early. When using 2,4-D, the use of heavy esters C 7 - C 8 is more efficient. Currently, sulfonylurea derivatives are widely used. They weakly suppress field bindweed, especially when early dates processings, at later their efficiency considerably increases.

Even if the bindweed does not grow after chemical weeding, it does not completely die and grows the next year, naturally, weakened. The agronomist usually starts herbicide treatments from the most weedy fields, so a field with a weakened bindweed remains untreated. During the season, it is restored, and as a result, the infestation by it will be higher than before. In fact, such bindweed needs to be “finished off”. For its complete destruction, the field must be treated with herbicides for several years in a row. This applies to all perennial weeds. Bindweed is most successfully destroyed by non-selective systemic herbicides, but more on that later.

Euphorbia Waldstein (vine, rod-shaped ) Euphorbia waldsteinii (Sojak) Czer. especially spread in the last decades of the twentieth century. The harm from it is already manifested in the presence of 2-3 stems per 1 m 2. The root system has a large mechanical strength hence the name of the plant.

The location of the horizontal part of the root system depends on the habitat. AT natural ecosystems it is located at a depth of 10 to 20 cm, on arable land - from 20 to 40 cm, individual offspring reach 60 cm. The deepening of the root system is associated with cutting it with tillage tools. In the place of undercut, short horizontal shoots are additionally formed.

Renewal buds are located on both the vertical and horizontal parts of the root. In spring, the regrowth of the plant begins from the upper buds, which start growing very early - immediately after the soil thaws. Euphorbia develops rapidly, and by the time of chemical weeding of grain crops, it often has time to form seeds. At this stage, it is already resistant to herbicides.

More intense seed propagation(up to 3 - 5 thousand seeds per 1 plant) is observed in steppe zone. The maximum fertility of one plant is 40 thousand seeds. Weight of 1000 seeds is about 12 g.

Vegetative reproduction is carried out mainly from adventitious buds on lateral roots. The survival rate of individual root segments is low, so their role in vegetative reproduction limited.

We have noticed an interesting biological feature milkweed vine. In the fallow field, after two or three times processing (in the second half of summer), he ceases to appear above-ground shoots, he falls into a state of rest. This misleads the agronomist. In the spring, on a seemingly clean field, numerous shoots of Euphorbia vine appear. The ability of this weed to fall into a state of dormancy when cultivating a fallow field does not allow it to be destroyed in a year of fallowing. This is one of the reasons for its widespread use.

We have found that a combination of agrotechnical and chemical methods is effective against Euphorbia vine. Part of the vertical root, cut in autumn by tillage implements, dies in winter. Shoots formed from deep-seated buds of renewal appear much later in the spring, and by the time of chemical weeding they are in a vulnerable stage for herbicides.

Young shoots of Euphorbia Waldstein are sensitive to most of those herbicides that are used on cereals: 2,4-D derivatives, MCPA, dicamba, sulfonylurea derivatives. Of these drugs, it is most sensitive to dicamba.

Non-selective herbicides are used on a field free from cultivated plants, as well as for desiccation of crops. AT fallow field much more possibilities to control perennial weeds. Here it is possible to apply higher rates of herbicide consumption and optimize the period of their application, taking into account the stage of development of weeds, since there are no cultivated ones on the field. After the destruction of perennials in pairs, it is possible to significantly reduce the herbicide load on subsequent crops: juvenile species are usually less harmful and lower herbicide application rates are usually required to suppress them.

Taking into account the upward trend in the cost of energy carriers, the cost of mechanical steam treatment approaches that of chemical treatment. It is most rational to use glyphosate in a steam field. There are many glyphosate-based products on the market today. We will consider roundup. To reduce the cost of processing, it can be used in mixtures with 2,4-D derivatives, dicamba or herbicides of the sulfonylurea group. However, in the presence of perennial grass weeds, to suppress them, the rate of application of Roundup should not be lower than 3 l/ha.

The technology developed by us for the use of glyphosate on fallows makes it possible to completely destroy all types of growing perennial weeds in one treatment. When using this herbicide, the fight against perennial weeds becomes many times easier than with juveniles. The task becomes different - after the application of glyphosate, it is important not to allow shoots of perennial weeds to go into perennial form. The control of their seedlings before establishment is much easier than that of adults.

The most resistant to glyphosate are field bindweed and euphorbia vine. Whole system chemical processing the pair is built with the expectation of their suppression. Everyone has perennial species in the annual life cycle There are several periods, differing in the direction of movement of reserve nutrients, which should be considered when applying herbicides:

1. Growth period. At the beginning of this period, the emerging shoot exists at the expense of reserve nutrients accumulated in previous seasons in the root system. Its length reaches 15 - 20 cm. Then the shoot gradually passes from heterotrophic nutrition to autotrophic. Subsequently, for some time, all photosynthesis products are spent on increasing biomass: there is neither ascending nor descending movement of photosynthesis products (shoot length up to 40 cm).

2. The period of accumulation of reserve nutrients through the products of photosynthesis. It lasts until flowering. There is an intensive accumulation of reserve nutrients in the root system. The downward flow of movement of photosynthesis products predominates.

3. Fruiting period continues from flowering to maturity. At this time, part of the reserve nutrients in the root system is consumed reproductive organs, and therefore the upward flow of metabolites is enhanced.

4. The period from seeding to leaving in winter. After the formation of seeds before going into dormancy, the plant continues photosynthetic activity, directing the products of photosynthesis to the root system. During the transition to a dormant state, all usable metabolic products flow into the root system.

Glyphosate has a systemic effect and moves through the plant along with metabolic products. The most effective suppression of perennials occurs in the second and fourth periods. The disadvantage of processing in the fourth period is that the perennial has already formed seeds.

To suppress field bindweed, spraying is carried out at the beginning of its flowering. The length of the shoot is 40 - 60 cm. During this period, 4 l / ha roundup is enough. After spraying, you need to wait until the herbicide penetrates the root system. Since Roundup destroys all vegetative weeds, further mechanical treatment of the fallows is carried out at the usual time when a new wave of annual weeds emerge from seed. Usually this period is 4 - 5 weeks.

In regions with a longer growing season, roundup is often used prior to planting. In this case, they consume 4 - 6 l / ha of roundup, pre-sowing treatment soil and sowing is carried out 6-10 days after spraying. In Western Siberia, this technique can only be used on late-sown crops - buckwheat and millet. At normal sowing times, this technique is not effective - weeds either have not yet sprouted, or reserve nutrients have not begun to enter the root system.

When processing in the early stages of bindweed growth with an increase in the roundup consumption rate, the desired result is not always achieved. We called this the "lizard tail effect". A large consumption rate of the drug causes a rapid death of the shoot, the aerial part dries up, and the herbicide does not enter the root system. On the contrary, when applying a low rate of consumption of Roundup during the period of supply of reserve nutrients to the root system, there is no rapid death of the above-ground mass. The herbicide penetrates deeper and more effectively suppresses the root system of the weed, and than longer term before mechanical tillage, the effect of perennial suppression is higher, although visually complete death of the above-ground weed mass does not occur.

The chemical treatment of a steam field requires one spraying and two mechanical treatments. If the primary target weed is field bindweed, treatments can be applied at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of fallow. The term of spraying is chosen based on economic considerations. At autumn processing it is important that the field bindweed at the time of spraying reaches the desired condition, and there is enough time left before leaving for the winter.

The situation changes radically if there is a mixed infestation of field bindweed and euphorbia vine on the field, since the timing of their development does not coincide. Euphorbia vine begins to grow in spring much earlier than bindweed. And by the time the field bindweed has a period optimal for spraying, spurge is in the stage of fruit formation and is resistant to herbicide. Therefore, in case of mixed weed infestation with these species, mechanical treatment is first carried out on fallows. This allows you to synchronize the development of growing weeds. Chemical steam treatment is carried out at the beginning of flowering of both weeds.

Do not spray at the end of fallowing. Earlier, we noted that at the end of summer, Euphorbia vine can stop growing. In this case, we will destroy only the field bindweed, and the spurge will remain dormant and rise the next year.

In our experiments, we excavated the root system of the field bindweed treated with Roundup at the end of fallow. The death of the root system occurred at a depth of 60 to 100 cm, and the next year the bindweed did not grow back. Further observations showed that this weed had not been in the field for four years. The resumption of infestation occurred through the seeds.

Steam herbicidal treatment allows you to completely destroy perennial weeds. In crops in pairs, only annual weeds will need to be controlled. Lower application rates or less harsh herbicides can be used to suppress them.

Grigory STETSOV,

Altai Research Institute of Agriculture

Evgeniy SANAROV, Researcher

On the pictures: G. Ya. Stetsov and E. S. Sanarov; bindweed field when flowering; a dying bindweed after processing a tornado field; spurge vine.

Contact Information

STETSOV Grigory Yakovlevich,

head of plant protection laboratory

The homeland of this plant is the Mediterranean, where it was used in decorative and medicinal purposes. Throughout the summer, field bindweed blooms with pinkish or white, funnel-shaped flowers. It grows especially on soils rich in nutrients. Moreover, in the shade, its leaves and flowers are larger, and in the sun it develops worse. Bindweed retains its viability for more than 50 years, so you have to constantly fight it.

This weed (however, like most others) is very prolific. One plant can produce up to 600 seeds that germinate all summer and autumn. In addition, seeds protect the ability to germinate for three years.

Field bindweed propagates not only by seeds, but also by root shoots and segments of roots. It very quickly develops a root system, which in adult plants penetrates to a depth of 2-3 m. At the same time, at a depth of up to 40 centimeters, there is a mass of its lateral branches. Its numerous, rather thin stems with sparse ovate leaves reach up to 2 meters in length and are capable, wrapping around the stems of cultivated plants, noticeably inhibit their growth and development.

In addition to the damage caused directly by the plant itself, bindweed serves as an "incubator" for the eggs of many pests, which, of course, will not benefit your garden. That is why it is necessary to get rid of this weed.

Consider the main ways to deal with field bindweed:

Mechanical methods

Since autumn, it is necessary to carefully carry out a deep digging of the soil. Large clods of earth must be broken up and, if possible, all the roots of the weed must be selected. Digging is best done with a pitchfork. Then the roots will not be cut and they can be easily reached. If some of the roots remain on the surface or even in top layer soil, then cold winter they will die .

It is important in spring and summer to prevent the bindweed from growing and ripening its seeds. Therefore, all weeds that have appeared in the garden should be removed immediately. To do this, you need to dig deep with a shovel and get a plant with roots, trying not to damage them and not leave part of the rhizome in the ground.

Spraying with saline solution

This method is effective if the area of ​​​​distribution of this pest is small. Then you can make the following solution: 1.2 kg of salt must be diluted in 10 liters of water and then sprinkled with this liquid on the places where the bindweed is most widespread.

Help of green manure plants

If the bindweed has already grown and occupies large area, then for quick release from it it is necessary to cover the affected area with mustard seeds. A dense growth of mustard will force out the bindweed and save your garden from this weed.

In the garden, sowing will help to cope with this weed. perennial herbs such as bluegrass, fescue. Already in the second year, the bindweed does not have enough strength to grow through the turf.

Dimming method

This method is effective, but you need to take into account the fact that it will not be possible to plant plants in the affected area for a whole season. But if a certain area in the garden is overgrown with this weed, then this method is just a salvation. In the spring, after surface weeding with a flat cutter, cover the affected area with roofing felt, roofing felt or black film. Such a cover material will limit access to sunlight. And without access to the sun, the tops will sprout and die, and behind them the roots. In autumn, the coating must be removed and carefully dig the ground to a great depth (preferably with a pitchfork).

Chemical methods

Chemicals that can be used to eliminate this type of weed must contain glyphosate. As good herbicides, you can use Roundup, Imazomox, Tornado, Ground.

spraying chemicals should be carried out during the flowering period of the weed, because it is then that the strongest flow of nutrients enters the root system of the bindweed.

Processing the garden with herbicides is a fairly simple way to deal with bindweed, which will undoubtedly bring results. But for this, chemical treatment will have to be carried out for 2-3 years in a row in order to completely destroy the well-developed root system of bindweed. Well, besides this, herbicide treatment will affect the quality of your crop!

ATTENTION: After chemical treatment, mechanically removing weeds from the ground is possible no earlier than 4 days later or after you notice the first signs of the drug's effect. Also late autumn it will be necessary to dig up the ground in those places where weeds grew so that their roots die under the influence of low temperature.

Many gardeners notice that some time after herbicide treatment, the plant begins to bloom even more strongly. The reason for this seemingly strange phenomenon is that under the influence of herbicides, dormant buds “wake up” and produce a large number of young seedlings. Therefore, the fight against bindweed must necessarily include the whole range of complementary measures.