Lilac field flower. meadow flowers

Wildflowers

The most beautiful creations of nature are flowers. They convey all the amazing charm, all the bright colors and aromas of the surrounding world. They are like a sip fresh air. A wild flower differs from its other counterparts in tenderness, simplicity and fabulous modesty. Many people prefer bouquets made from these flowers, because they can express real feelings in a special way. In modern flora, more than five hundred thousand species of flowers are distinguished, and only a small part of them are well studied and described. Let's take a closer look at their most popular examples.

cornflower

A field flower of bright blue color has been known to everyone since childhood - this is a modest cornflower. It has a pleasant strong smell that literally fills the air around it. Most often you can find this flower in a golden wheat field. Since ancient times, it has been considered a symbol of simplicity, goodness and purity.

Cornflowers, in general, endowed with magical properties. You can meet them in wreaths woven for the Trinity, on icons in churches. Planting them is quite simple, for this you only need seeds.

Bell

Another well-known wild flower is the bluebell. Its purple petals were sung in Russian poetry by the most eminent authors. There are many legends and myths associated with the bell. According to one of the legends, its flowers ring once a year, on the night of Ivan Kupala. The name itself is also associated with ringing, in Latin it sounds like "campaign", which is translated into Russian as a bell. It begins to bloom quite early, depending on the variety, this period can begin as early as mid-May.

Such different wildflowers

The modest wildflowers that are found in the vastness of our Motherland are also poppies, dandelions and thistles.

They not only delight the eye with their beauty, but are also used in traditional medicine. Based on poppy seeds, you can make an excellent cough syrup or tea, which contributes to the overall strengthening of immunity and health.

Chamomile field

Chamomile is rightfully considered the queen of the fields. A field flower with a yellow core and white petals grows on almost every roadside. Its inflorescences, like little suns, open up and decorate the entire environment. summer season. In addition to a pleasant appearance, chamomile has a mass useful properties. It is successfully used to treat ulcers and wounds, fight various skin diseases, and calm the nervous system.

In addition, field chamomile effectively normalizes the work gastrointestinal tract. It is also noteworthy that with its help it is possible to cure not only people, but also animals. An infusion of this flower is used to combat stomach problems in cattle. The versatility of chamomile is also manifested in cosmetics: excellent masks for face and hair, as well as shampoos are made on its basis.

From fields to cities

The wild flower is loved by many. Different varieties plants give the world bright colors and indescribable aromas. Today you can meet them not only in the wild, but also in city flower beds. Due to their unpretentiousness and vitality, they have long won universal recognition.

From the rainforest to the desert, the Earth is covered and adorned with a vast array of different colors. Flowering plants amaze with their beauty and variety of shapes and colors.- red, yellow, purple and others. Most of them have a pleasant aroma, healing and other useful properties.

By the way of growth, these representatives of the flora are divided into field (wild) and garden (cultivated).

Field or meadow flowers are distinguished by unpretentiousness and endurance. They can often be seen growing in the most "uncomfortable" conditions (asphalt cracks, rocks, etc.)

Such plants tolerate heat and drought well. Due to their diversity and sophisticated beauty, they are the favorites of many gardeners.

garden flowers

Garden ones are very gentle and aristocratic-beautiful. They need constant care (soil preparation, watering, fertilizer). For each species, it is necessary to choose the appropriate conditions.(light-shadow, ground, etc.)

The number of varieties and species of cultivated plants is huge and increases every year.

Among the wide "range" of field and garden plants a special place is occupied by bright yellow flowers . They enchant with their tenderness and sunshine. What are the names of such flowers, read below.

The most beautiful and popular representatives of yellow flowers

The name of this ubiquitous plant comes from the verb "blow". After flowering, the inflorescence-basket turns into a white, fluffy seed head., the seeds of which are spread by a slight gust of wind or a whiff.

Dandelion belongs to perennial herbaceous plants of the Astrov family.

Structure: has a dense rosette of basal leaves. Arrows-peduncles carry one large basket-inflorescence, consisting of a large number of reed flowers. At night and in bad weather the baskets are closed. Dandelions contain a large amount of light milky juice, and their roots can reach up to 60 cm in length.

Bloom: depending on the region, in March-April or May-June.

Kinds: there are about 2000 varieties of this flower, but the most common is the "dandelion officinalis".

People widely use it in various industries:

Application in medicine:

• Since time immemorial, it has been widely used for medical purposes for the treatment and normalization of the gastrointestinal tract.

Application in cooking:

• borscht is cooked from dandelions, salads, jams, wine are prepared. A kind of coffee substitute is even prepared from overcooked roots.

Dandelion is very helpful! It contains iron, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, protein and many vitamins.

It is also an excellent honey plant.

Adonis (Adonis, Chernogorka)

Perennial meadow plant from the Buttercup family. Commonly nicknamed Adonis due to its fiery yellow flowers.. The places of "habitat" of adonis are steppes and forest-steppes.

Structure: has long (up to 40 cm), rounded stems. At the top are bright yellow flowers with 5-8 petals.

Bloom: falls on April-May.

Breeding is carried out in two ways: rhizome (planted in the ground in autumn or spring) and seeds (sown in May).

Application in medicine:

• used as a cardiological agent for various heart diseases.

The name testifies to its use in ancient medicine, as one of the methods of combating rabies. Translated from lat. means Without and Canine rabies.

Kinds: are annuals and perennial species. In general, there are about 200 varieties.

Structure: has small leaves and flowers, consisting of 4 petals and has a pleasant honey smell. The seeds are 25% fatty oil.

Propagated by seeds.

Alyssum grows rapidly, so seedlings must be planted from each other at a distance of 40-50 cm.

Application in medicine:

• used to treat hernias, kidney stones and colds.

Application in cosmetology:

• remedy for freckles and spots on the face.

Another member of the Buttercup family.

Differs in an unusual method of growth. Anemone does not grow from a seed, but from a bud located at the end of a rhizome. The roots are located in the upper layer of soil, covered with fallen leaves.

Anemone sprouts very early, as it begins to develop in the winter.

Bloom: April May.

The method of pollination of the flower, which is carried out through rainwater, is also unusual. The perianth is filled with water, and pollen grains are located on its surface.

Most anemones are poisonous when fresh.

Application in medicine:

• in the treatment of osteochondrosis, salt deposits, hematomas and rheumatism.

Primrose (primrose)

The name testifies to early flowering this plant. Some species bloom even with unmelted snow. Most varieties are perennials, but there are also one- or two-year-old herbs..

The plant is decorated with pale yellow single flowers of the correct form.

known about 400 species Primrose.

A widespread and beloved representative of the Aster family. This annual plant is native to southern Mexico., whose name in Latin means "solar flower". The Russian name speaks of the peculiarity of an immature flower always turning its head towards the sun (heliocentrism).

Inflorescence- one or more large heads. They are framed by a wrapper consisting of several rows of petals.

Kinds: about 100 varieties of sunflower are known. The most common is "oil sunflower".

Widely used in Food Industry. Oil, chips, coffee surrogate, halva are made from it.

Kaluzhnitsa (Frog, Water Snake)

Perennial herbs from the Buttercup family.

Grows in places with high humidity, in watery soil: swamps, river banks, wet meadows.

The love of this plant for moisture is also indicated by its name, which is translated from Old Russian as “puddle”, “swamp”. It has a branched stem that can reach up to 80 cm in height.

In medicine, it is used in pickled form.

Translated from Greek means "beautiful" and "day". Most species bloom for only one day..

It has unusually beautiful, bright and large flowers, consisting of 6 petals. They are collected in inflorescences of 2-10 each. Up to 3 flowers can bloom at the same time. In general, one bush blooms up to 25 days.

There are types of daylilies that bloom at night.

Perennial of the Asteraceae family. The plant is named after St. Petersburg botanist Johann Georgi. This is a tall (up to 2.5 m in height) plant, with bright large flowers..

Dahlias are unpretentious to soils. However, they need regular watering and complex fertilizer. Propagated by cuttings and division of tubers.

Tulip

The well-known, widespread flower in most of the planet is the embodiment of tenderness and sophistication. This is a perennial bulbous plant of oriental origin.

There are about 1800 varieties of tulips and this number is increasing every year.

Development from a seed to a fully flowering plant can take up to 7 years!

During the spring growing season, flowering occurs, the plant bears fruit and lays young bulbs. Faded bulbs die off. This change takes place every year. The bulbs are dug in August, dried and stored in a dry room.

Landing in the ground is carried out in the fall. From the 17th century To this day, the world center for tulip breeding is the Netherlands.

Today, a chic assortment of yellow flowers is available to gardening lovers. From undersized annuals to two-meter perennials. Bright, "cheerful" yellow flowers will be an excellent decoration and highlight of the garden and lawn. The main thing is to choose the right varieties and provide suitable growth conditions, then they will delight and surprise their owners and their guests.

The best form of recreation is a walk in nature. Nothing gives such a charge of energy, a surge of vivacity and strength, as a hike in the forest, rest in a meadow or on the shore of a lake. In summer, forest glades are dotted with many modest wildflowers. They fill the air with wonderful aromas and delight the eye with a variety of colors. It is surprisingly pleasant to be in nature, to collect beautiful bouquets, to weave wreaths of grass.

Among the wildflowers there are many medicinal, the so-called medicinal herbs. Therefore, outdoor recreation can be combined with a useful thing - the collection of medicinal plants and provide yourself and your family with herbal teas for the whole winter, which can be used not only for treatment, but for the prevention of various diseases.

Of course, you can’t collect everything in a row, despite the beauty, some field plants and wild flowers can be poisonous. Therefore, you need to be able to distinguish useful plants from those that can be harmful.

healing plants

Names of wild flowers and herbs most popular, wild plants that can be found in almost any clearing in the forest:

Dandelion

wild, perennial, medicinal plant. Dandelion grows to a height of up to thirty centimeters, dandelion leaves are oblong, incised and collected in a rosette. The bright yellow flower grows on a single peduncle. At the break of the plant, a milky juice appears, which tastes bitter. These beautiful wild flowers can be used both as a medicinal plant and as a plant that is excellent for food. Dandelion leaves can be put in a salad, and jam can be made from the flowers.

Dandelion Salad:

• Dandelion leaves.
• Cucumber.
• Green onion.
• Mayonnaise.

Cut all the ingredients, salt, pepper and season with mayonnaise.

Before adding the leaves to the salad, they must be soaked for half an hour in cold, salty water or scalded with boiling water to get rid of the bitterness of the milky juice.

Dandelion jam:

• Dandelion flowers - 300 pieces.
• Sugar - 1 kilogram.
• Water - 2 glasses
• Lemon - 1 piece

First you need to boil the syrup from water and sugar, then lower the cooked, washed, peeled flowers into it. After the jam boils, cook for twenty minutes, five minutes before the readiness to squeeze the juice of one lemon into the jam. Leave the jam to infuse for one day. Then strain the jam through cheesecloth, squeeze out the flowers and boil the resulting syrup for 20 minutes. The jam is ready.

For medicinal purposes dandelion is used for such diseases, how:

Mother and stepmother

The leaves of this plant are used to treat coughs.. If we translate the name of the mother-and-stepmother from Latin into Russian, then it is called that - banishing cough.

The plant is characteristic in that at the beginning of spring, yellow flowers appear first at the coltsfoot, and only then do the leaves begin to grow. The leaves of the heart-shaped plant are smooth on top and have a margin on the bottom. Harvesting of medicinal raw materials is carried out in the spring and the leaves are dried in the open air.

St. John's wort

This plant is used as an antidepressant.. St. John's wort can cause dullness of consciousness and dizziness in some animals. A very useful plant for honey bees, which in the morning collect a large amount of pollen from St. John's wort.

Usually St. John's wort is a perennial plant, shrub or semi-shrub. St. John's wort can also be a herbaceous, annual plant. The flowers are small, yellow with five petals. The leaves are small, smooth at the edges, usually opposite.

Snapdragon

The herb is used in folk medicine in diseases of the liver, jaundice, dropsy, headaches and shortness of breath.

Blossom Snapdragon starts in June and blooms until frost. Flowers can be yellow, white, Pink colour. Snapdragons can also have bicolor flowers. The flowers themselves are irregularly shaped, two-lipped, large, can be simple and double.

This is a herbaceous or bushy perennial plant, from fifteen to one hundred centimeters high.

Clover

Such a flower as clover has found its application not only in traditional medicine, but also in cosmetology. Clover is an ingredient in some hair beauty shampoos., and you can also prepare a decoction of clover flowers and use it for taking baths when skin diseases.

In medicine, meadow clover is used as an astringent, hemostatic, expectorant. Decoctions of clover can be used as a diuretic and diaphoretic.

In appearance, it has small flowers of pink, white or red. Clover leaves are collected in the form of a shamrock. By popular belief If you find a clover with four leaves, then it will bring good luck.

Plantain

Absolutely all people know from childhood that a clean, crushed plantain leaf should be applied to a scratch. And this is true, because plantain has wound healing, hemostatic and anti-inflammatory action.

The appearance of the plantain is very modest. Broad leaves are collected in a basal rosette, flower stalks are tall, bare, with small flowers.

poisonous plants

A lot of wildflowers grow in the meadow, among which you can find not only useful or at least harmless plants, but also poisonous, life-threatening. Therefore, when collecting wild flowers, one must remember the rule "unsure - do not take."

Dangerous, poisonous field plants

When walking through the forest and forest glades, one must remember that not all plants are as harmless as they look, although they are beautiful. Even if you do not harvest plants - healers, but simply collect a bouquet of wild flowers, you need to know what this or that flower looks like. To do this, you need to study photos with the image of flowers, consider pictures. It is good to purchase a guide that contains a detailed description of wild plants and there are photographs of flowers.

Meadow plants are a fairly rich community that develops more dynamically than mountain or steppe ones. Meadow flowers and grasses vie for light nutrients, water, therefore they grow much more actively than their forest counterparts, as well as representatives of the mountains and steppes. Grassland plants include thousands of species, and most of them can be grown in your home gardens.

You can find photos and names of meadow flowers and herbs, as well as a description of meadow plants on this page.

What are meadow plants

Camassia (CAMASSIA). Lily family.

(out of six known species, three are cultivated) - plants of the mountain meadows of North America. They have an ovoid bulb, belt-like leaves in a surface bunch, above which a leafless high peduncle rises with a brush of large star-shaped flowers.

Types and varieties:

(C.quamash)- height 25 cm, has a multi-flowered (20-35 flowers), dense inflorescence, blooms in early June.

(C.cusickii)- height 70 cm, loose inflorescence, blooms at the end of May.

Camassia Leuchtlin (C. leichtlinii)- height up to 100 cm, loose inflorescence, large flowers (diameter up to 5 cm), blue or blue, blooms in June, up to 20 days.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with normally moist clay and loamy fertile soils; leveled areas require drainage.
Unpretentious.

Thermopsis (THERMOPSIS). Pea (legume) family.

Thermopsis lupiformis(T. lupinoides)- perennial from the meadows of the Far East with a long rhizome and high (up to 140 cm) straight stems, leafy beautiful gray-gray trifoliate leaves. Inflorescence - apical drooping brush of bright yellow large flowers. The plant is very decorative, forms a thicket, but already in the middle of summer ends the growing season.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with loose fertile soils.

Reproduction. Segments of rhizomes (at the end of summer) and seeds (sowing before winter). Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Derbennik (LYTHRUM). Derbennikov family.

loosestrife loosestrife (L. salicaria)- large (100-150 cm) short-rhizomatous perennial growing in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere along wet meadows, river banks and reservoirs. The stem, bearing numerous narrow-lanceolate leaves, ends with a final raceme of bright purple small flowers. The bush is dense, strict, spectacular.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with moist clay soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing before winter), dividing the bush (in spring). Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Miscanthus (MISCANTHUS). Family bluegrass (cereals).

Rhizome high perennials (100-200 cm) from wet meadows of the Far East, forming large dense sods, erect stems, leaves lanceolate, hard.
Very beautiful fan-shaped silvery panicles.

Kinds:

Miscanthus sinensis (M. sinensis)- dense, slowly growing curtain.

Miscanthus sugarflower (M. saccharifiorus)- forms a loose thicket.

Varieties:

"SiLberfeder"

"Strictus"

Zebrinus

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with rich, wet, peaty soils.

Reproduction. By dividing the bush in spring and seeds (sowing before winter). Planting density - 5 pcs. per 1 m2.

Aquilegia, catchment area (AQUILEGIA). Buttercup family.

Speaking about which meadow plants have the largest number of species of varieties, they immediately call aquilegia. This flower has about 100 species and dozens of hybrid varieties. In nature, they grow in meadows and rocks in temperate regions of Eurasia and North America. These are graceful plants with beautiful leaves and an original flower shape. A rosette of trifoliate leaves, often of a beautiful bluish hue, departs from a thick branching taproot.

Species and varieties. High (above 60 cm):

Aquilegia hybrid (A. xhybrida)- large flowers of all colors.

Ballerina- flowers are pink, terry.

Crimson Star- red-white flowers.

"Edelweiss"-white.

hybrids McCanah(McKana Hybrids)- the tallest (up to 120 cm) aquilegia with large flowers directed upwards of all colors.

Aquilegia sticky (A. glandulosa)- purple-blue flowers.

Common Aquilegia (A. vulgaris) - purple flowers with a short spur.

Aquilegia olympic (A. olympica)- with drooping white-blue flowers.

Low (height 10-30 cm):

Aquilegia alpine (A.alpina)- purple flowers with a short spur.

Aquilegia fan-shaped (A.flabellata)- large blue flowers with a pale yellow edge without spurs.

Aquilegia blue (A.caerulea)- flowers are blue with white, spurs are thin.

Aquilegia canadensis (A. canadensis)- with red-yellow flowers.

The last two species are the rock plants of North America.

Growing conditions. Sunny to semi-shaded areas with light sandy soils. Cut after flowering above-ground part plants, new leaves grow by autumn.

Reproduction. Aquilegia are juveniles, so they are transplanted in the 3-4th year. Easily propagated by seeds (sowing in spring or before winter), the division of the bush is poorly tolerated.
Self-seeding often appears. Planting density - 12 pcs. per 1 m2.

Boltonia (BOLTONIA). Aster family (composite).

In the grasslands of the eastern part of the United States, 4 species of tall perennial boltons grow. Their height is up to 150 cm, the stems are branching, leafy with narrow linear leaves.
Numerous small (about 1 cm) baskets, white, pinkish, very elegant, collected in a loose brush.

Look at the photo of this meadow plant: the bush, despite its height, is very graceful, transparent.

Growing conditions. Sunny places with rich, moist soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring) and dividing the bush (spring). Planting density - 5 pcs. per 1 m2.

What other plants belong to the meadow

Below are the names of meadow plants and their photos with descriptions.

Buzulnik (LIGULARIA). Aster family (composite).

Powerful herbaceous plants of wet meadows of Asia. The leaves are large in the rosette, the stems are straight (80-120 cm) leafy; baskets are yellow in a corymbose or racemose inflorescence.

Types and varieties:

Buzulnik toothed(L. dentata = L. clivorum).

Buzulnik "Othello"

Desdemona- with dark-colored leaves, leaves are large, kidney-shaped, large baskets in a corymbose inflorescence.

Buzulnik Hesseya (L. x hessei).

Hybrid buzulnik toothed And buzulnik Wilson.

Buzulnik Przewalski (L. przewalskii)- the only drought-resistant buzulnik species with palmate leaves and a candle-shaped inflorescence.

Buzulnik narrow-headed (L. stenocephala), grade "The Rocket".

Wilson's buzulnik (L. wilsoniana)- with a pyramidal inflorescence.

Buzulnik Vicha (L. veitchiana)- the highest buzulnik with heart-shaped, sharp-toothed leaves, inflorescence - an ear.

Siberian buzulnik (L. sibirica)- the leaves are rounded, the peduncle is straight, the inflorescence is spicate.

Growing conditions. Sunny to semi-shaded areas with rich, moist soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing before winter or spring) and dividing the bush (in spring). Divide and transplant rarely (after 8-10 years). Planting density - 3 pcs. per 1 m2.

Cornflower (CENTAUREA). Aster family (composite).

A typical plant of the meadows of the temperate zone of Eurasia and mountain meadows. Bushes with lyre-shaped or oval, often silvery leaves, collected in a rosette, and large bright flowers-baskets are very showy. Baskets consist of numerous funnel-shaped flowers along the edge and small tubular flowers in the middle.

Species and varieties. Bushes grow:

- (C. montana)- used in culture more often than other species, it has lanceolate silvery leaves and deep blue-violet inflorescences.

Variety Parham- a purple-lavender basket.

cornflower Alba- white.

"Rosea" - pink.

"Violetta"- dark purple.

(C. macrocephala = Grossheimia macrocephala)- the highest cornflower (up to 120 cm) with yellow capitate baskets.

(C. dealbata = Psephellusdealbatus) differs in very effective dissected, from below grayish lyre-shaped leaves and bright pink baskets.

Variety "John Coutts" middle flowers are yellow.

And at "Sternbergii"- white.

Russian cornflower (C. ruthenica)- height 100-120 cm, light yellow basket with a diameter of 5-6 cm.

The overgrowth is formed by:

Cornflower soft (C. mollis)- can grow in partial shade, the leaves are oval, silvery, above them are low (about 30 cm) peduncles with blue baskets.

Cornflower Fisher(C. fischerii)- forms a loose thicket of silvery leaves 30-50 cm high, baskets are pink, fawn, lilac.

Growing conditions. Open sunny areas with fertile, loose, neutral, moderately moist soils.

Reproduction. Cornflowers grow rapidly, reproduce well by dividing the bush (spring and late summer) and seeds. Seeds can be sown before winter (October-November) and early spring. Shoots appear quickly (in 10-12 days). Seedlings bloom in the second year. Planting density -3-9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Gaillardia (GAILLARDIA). Aster family (composite).

Short-lived perennials and annuals of dry grasslands and prairies of North America. Straight, branched, pubescent stems up to 70 cm high extend from a shallow rhizome. The leaves are oval, the inflorescences look like yellow-red daisies on long stems.

Types and varieties:

Gaillardia grandiflora (G. grandiflora)- forms of the city of Ostoy.

Variety Dazzier- red middle, orange border.

strong>"Croftway Jellow" - pure yellow.

Mandarin- red with yellow, their height is 50-70 cm.

dwarf variety Goblin.

Dwarf Gaillardia variety Kobold 20 cm high, red with yellow tips.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with loose soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the second year; dividing the bush (spring). It is necessary to divide and transplant every 3-4 years. Planting density - 12 pcs. per 1 m2.

Heliopsis, sunflower (HELIOPSIS). Aster family (composite).

Perennial grasslands and prairies of North America. High compact bushes (up to 150 cm) from straight branched leafy (oblong leaves) stems. At the top of the stems is a paniculate inflorescence of yellow baskets.

Types and varieties:

Heliopsis sunflower (H. helianthoides).

Heliopsis rough (H. scabra)- Opposite leaves are rough.

Terry varieties:

"Golden Plume"

Goldfieder(yellow basket with a green center).

Non-terry:

Gigantea

Patula.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with any dry soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing before winter) and dividing the bush (in spring). Division and transplant after 5-7 years. Planting density - 5 pcs. per 1 m2.

Doronicum, goat (DORONICUM). Aster family (composite).

The genus includes about 40 species growing in meadows and sparse forests of the temperate zone of Europe and Asia. These are rhizomatous plants with oval basal leaves and large (up to 12 cm in diameter) yellow "daisies" raised on tall peduncles. All species are spring-flowering, their leaves die off in mid-summer.

Types and varieties:

(D. orientale = D. caucasicum = D. cordatum)- a typical ephemeroid from the forests of the Caucasus with a long bead-like rhizome, forms thickets, blooms in early spring.

"Little Leo"- undersized variety.

(D. plantagineum)- plants from the meadows of the Pyrenees, the rhizome is short, beaded, forms bushes up to 140 cm high, blooms in late spring.

Variety "Excelsum"(up to 100 cm high).

"Magnificum".

Mme Mason.

A shorter variety of doronicum - Grandiflorum.

(D. austriacum)- baskets in a corymbose inflorescence, blooms later - in July, the leaves remain until autumn.

Doronicum poisonous (D. pardalianches)- height up to 180 cm, shade-loving, forms abundant self-seeding, stable.

Growing conditions. Doronicum orientalis is grown in shaded areas under the canopy of trees with loose forest soils; d. plantain grows well in the sun and in partial shade on loose fertile soils. Moisture-loving, do not tolerate overdrying of the soil.

Reproduction. Rarely by seeds (sowing in spring), more often by segments of rhizomes with a renewal bud in summer, after the end of flowering. Planting density - 9-12 pcs. per 1 m2.

Bathing suit (TROLLIUS). Buttercup family.

An excellent spring plant in the wet meadows of Eurasia and North America. About 30 species are known, differing in the shape of the flower. All of them have a powerful root system, beautiful palmately separated leaves on long petioles, collected in a dense bush, 30-70 cm high, spherical flowers (open or closed).

Species with spherical closed flowers, 50-70 cm high:

Asian bathing suit (T. asiaticus)- orange-red flowers (they are called "frying").

(T. altaicus)- orange flowers dark spot(stamens) inside.

(T. chinensis)- blooms later than other species (at the end of June), orange flower with protruding orange nectaries.

(T. ledebourii)- tall (up to 100 cm) plant with golden-orange flowers.

Bathing suit hybrid(T. xhybridus)- yellow, orange flowers, large, often double.

Species with a cup-shaped, more or less open flower, low (height 20-40 cm); yellow flowers:

Jungar bathing suit (T. dschungaricus).

Bathing suit semi-open (T.patulus).

Bathing suit dwarf (T. pumilus).

Growing conditions. Sunny places with rich moist soils. Peat mulching is recommended. Light shading possible.

Reproduction. By dividing the bush (spring, late summer), every 6-8 years. Freshly harvested seeds (sowing before winter). Seedlings bloom in the 2-3rd year. Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Small-scale (ERIGERON). Aster family (composite).

These beautiful, long-known plants in culture are also called lilac daisies. Out of almost 250 species of small-flowered plants, only 3-4 species are grown, and mainly cultivars, hybrid forms. These are perennial short-rhizomatous plants that form rather loose bushes, often with decumbent stems. Leaves oblong in rosette, inflorescence-basket, often in corymbose inflorescence. Reed flowers are narrow, located in one plane; median - yellow tubular. Bush height 30-60 cm.

Types and varieties:

Alpine small-scale(E. alpinus)- height 30 cm, lilac-pink baskets.

Small-scale hybrid (E. x hybridus).

Variety Azure Beauty- with blue flowers.

Jewel Mix- lilac-pink flowers.

"Summerneuschnee"- with white and pink baskets.

Small-scale beautiful (E. speciosus)- from the mountain meadows of the west of North America, bush height up to 70 cm, baskets up to 6 cm in diameter, purple with a yellow center. Flowering is abundant, from mid-June to August. Seeds ripen in August.

Growing conditions. Plants are undemanding, preferring light rich moist soils and sunny habitats. After the end of flowering, the shoots are pruned.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring) and dividing the bush (spring and late summer). Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Tansy (TANACETUM). Aster family (composite).

Common tansy (T. vulgare)- a large (height 100-120 cm) plant from the meadows of Eurasia with a thick short rhizome, erect stiff stems covered with pinnately divided, bristly, dark green leaves. Dense flat golden yellow small baskets are collected in corymbose inflorescences at the ends of the stems.

Growing conditions. This species of meadow plants prefers sunny habitats, tolerates a lack of moisture well. Resistant and unpretentious. After the end of flowering - cut off.

Reproduction. By seeds (sowing in spring and autumn), dividing the bush (in spring and late summer), weeding. Planting density - 5 pcs. per 1 m2.

Beautiful meadow flowers

In this section, you can get acquainted with the names of meadow flowers and see their photos.

Monarda (MONARDA). Family of yasnotkovye (labial).

Monards are beautiful meadow flowers that grow only in the temperate zone of North America in dry grasslands and prairies. These are tall (up to 120 cm) long-rhizome perennials with a straight hard leafy stem and tiers of small fragrant flowers located on it in racemose inflorescences. The whole plant is fragrant.

Types and varieties:

Monarda double (M. didyma)- purple flowers in capitate inflorescence.

Monarda tubular(M. fistulosa)- higher and shade-tolerant appearance.

Monarda hybrid(M. x hybrida)- hybrids of monarda double and tubular.

Varieties with flowers light, almost white:

"Aquarius"

Schneewittchen

With pink flowers:

"Beauty of Cobham" "Croftway Pink".

With red flowers:

"Scorpion"

Cambridge Scarlet.

Growing conditions. Sunny and semi-shaded places with loose fertile soils, without stagnant moisture.

Reproduction. By dividing the bush (in spring) and seeds (sowing before winter). Perennial plant, divide and transplant after 5-7 years. Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

They are used in all types of flower beds, since the monarda is stably decorative, exudes aroma, the bush keeps its shape well. Suitable for cutting. Dry leaves are used for aromatherapy.

(BELLIS). Aster family (composite).

Daisy perennial (B. perennis)- a miniature compact plant growing in nature in wet meadows and forest glades in Western Europe and Asia Minor. In culture, it is a short-lived (3-4 years), but rapidly growing perennial due to stolons with a rosette of light green spatulate wintering leaves pressed to the ground.

Numerous peduncles (10-20 cm high) with a single basket inflorescence rise above them in May-June. There are many varieties, but at present, terry daisies with large spherical baskets with a diameter of 5-7 cm are more often grown:

Group "Monstrosa".

Bright Carpet.

Interesting pompom varieties - "Pomponnetta"

Growing conditions. This is a light-loving and moisture-loving plant, in slightly shaded places it blooms for a longer time. In damp areas with stagnant moisture, it rots in winter.
In rainy summers, there is a second abundant flowering - in August.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring), dividing the bush throughout the season. Repot every 2-3 years. Planting density - 25 pcs. per 1 m2.

Sunflower (HELIANTHUS). Aster family (composite).

The description of these meadow flowers is familiar to everyone: perennial sunflowers are tall (120-200 cm) perennials with erect, leafy stems, branched at the top.
The stems end in medium-sized yellow baskets 5-10 cm in diameter. They bloom in late summer - autumn.

Kinds:

giant sunflower (H. giganteus)- leaves broadly lanceolate, rough.

Ten-petal sunflower (H. decapetaius).

sunflower hard (H. rigidus)- blooms later than other species, variety "Octoberfest".

Willow sunflower (H. saiicifoii)- with narrower leaves.

Varieties:

Sunflower "Loddon Gold"- terry.

Sunflower "Triumphe de Gand"

"SoLieL d'Or"- semi-double.

Growing conditions. Sunny places with rich neutral soils. Tolerates lack of moisture.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring), dividing the bush (in spring). Transplant and division every 3-4 years. Planting density - 3-5 pcs. per 1 m2.

Stem (EUPATORIUM). Aster family (composite).

Tall (up to 150 cm) short-rhizome perennials from wet meadows and forest glades of the Far East and eastern regions of North America. Most of the 600 known species are tropical, and only 5-6 species grow in the temperate zone. They form high (120-150 cm) bushes from hard straight densely leafy stems. Leaves are oval, hairy. Small baskets in wide corymbose inflorescences, from light pink to purple.

Types and varieties:

Steep spotted (E. maculatum), variety "Atropurpureum".

strong>Purple vine (E. purpureum)- dark pink inflorescences.

The window sill is wrinkled (E. rugosum)- fawn inflorescences, variety "Chocolate" with dark purple leaves.

-Grain of the Glen (E. glehnii)- pinkish flowers, blooms earlier than other species (in mid-July).

Stem pierced leaf (E. perfoliatum)- Meadows of the eastern United States.

Growing conditions. Sunny or slightly shaded areas with moist, rich soils respond well to peat application.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring) and dividing the bush (in spring). Planting density - 5 pcs. per 1 m2.

Ratibida (RATIBIDA). Aster family (composite).

Perennial dry grasslands and prairies of western North America. The root is thick, taproot, the leaves are lanceolate. An interesting basket of yellow reed flowers and a highly prominent central part of small brown tubular ones.

Types and varieties:

Ratibida columnar (R. columnaria)- height about 50 cm.

Ratibida pinnate (R. pinnata).

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with dry sandy soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. Planting density - 12 pcs. per 1 m2.

Used as part of mixed flower beds, especially the type " natural garden».

Rudbeckia (RUDBECKIA). Aster family (composite).

Plants of the grasslands and prairies of North America. Unpretentious. In culture, their inflorescences-baskets are valued, always yellow, with a convex black-brown center. The roots are fibrous, shallow; sometimes a rhizome is formed.

Types and varieties:

(R. fulgida) forms compact, densely leafy bushes 40-60 cm high.

best variety Goldsturm- blooms profusely for almost two months with yellow "daisies", quickly forms a curtain.

Rudbeckia is beautiful (R. speciosa)- juvenile (3-4 years), multi-colored baskets (yellow-brown).

Rudbeckia dissected (R. laciniata)- height 100-200 cm, quickly forms a thicket.

Variety "Golden Ball"("Gold Quelle")- An excellent resistant perennial.

Growing conditions. Sunny and slightly shaded areas with rich, loose, moderately moist soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. The division of the bush (spring). Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Highlander (POLYGONUM = PERSICARIA). Buckwheat family.

A large genus (about 150 species), whose species grow throughout the Earth: in the steppes, meadows, mountains, and in water. They have dense lanceolate leaves and terminal spike-shaped inflorescences. IN middle lane Russia grows perennials.

Types and varieties:

Highlander related (P. affine = Persicaria affinis)- ground cover perennial from the rocks of the Himalayas, 10-25 cm high, leaves are dense, lanceolate, wintering, inflorescences of small pink flowers.

Variety "Darjeeling Red".

Highlander snake (P. bistorta = Persicaria bistorta)- a plant of wet meadows of the temperate zone of Eurasia with a thickened tuberous rhizome, height up to 100 cm, an ear of pink flowers.

Highlander splayed-ram(P. divaricatum)- up to 150 cm high, large spreading panicle, stably decorative appearance.

Weirich Highlander(P. weyrichii)- a plant of meadows of the Far East, 200 cm high, white flowers in a racemose inflorescence, forms dense thickets.

Highlander Sakhalin (P. sachalinense)- up to 200 cm high, a powerful plant with a long rhizome, from the meadows of Sakhalin, forms thickets of leafy stems with large oval leaves, white flowers in a racemose inflorescence.

Highlander amphibian (P. amphibium)- height up to 70 cm, semi-aquatic.

Growing conditions. G. related - a plant of sunny areas with loose sandy soils and moderate moisture, other species prefer sunny or slightly shaded places with rich, moist soils; d. amphibian grows in shallow water.

Reproduction. Rhizome segments (at the end of summer) and summer cuttings. Planting density - depending on the size of the plant from 3 to 20 pcs. per 1 m2.

Highlander related is used in rockeries, borders; city ​​of snakes - as part of mixed flower beds, in groups "natural garden"; high overgrown highlanders are used to decorate fences and buildings. All species are interesting for cutting.

Golden rod, golden rod (SOLIDAGO). Aster family (composite).

Perennial tall rhizomatous plants of wet meadows, forest glades of North America. Types of meadows in Europe and Siberia are not decorative. Bushes of erect hard leafy stems 40-200 cm high. These meadow flowers got their name for their color - large paniculate inflorescences of yellow-gold tones rise above the bushes at the end of summer. They consist of small baskets (from a distance similar to mimosa flowers) and are both light, openwork, and dense spike-shaped, green-yellow or yellow-orange.

Types and varieties:

goldenrod(S. altissima), the rhizome is short, the bush is dense.

Goldenrod hybrid (S. x hybrida).

Perkeo

goldenrod "Baby Gold"

"GoLdstrahL"

Laurin

Strahlenkrone

Dzintra

Kronenstrahl

Fruhgold

Spagold

wrinkled goldenrod (S. rugosa)- height 200 cm, forms thickets, panicles are long, drooping.

Growing conditions. Sunny or lightly shaded areas with moist clay rich soils.

Reproduction. By dividing the bush (in spring or after the end of flowering in autumn). It grows rapidly, so you need to divide after 4-5 years. Planting density - 5 pcs. per 1 m2.

Eriophyllum (ERIOPHYLLUM). Aster family (composite).

Eriophyllum woolly (E. lanatum)- perennial herbaceous plant dry grasslands and prairies of North America. The bush is quite dense, with rising shoots 30-40 cm high.

As you can see in the photo, these meadow flowers have narrowly dissected, densely pubescent leaves, the inflorescence is a golden "chamomile" with a diameter of about 4 cm.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with light, well-drained soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. It is possible to divide the bush in spring and late summer. Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

, Oslinnik (OENOTHERA). Cypress family.

Perennial rhizomatous plants, mainly from the grasslands of North America. Stems stiffly pubescent, numerous, with simple oval leaves and large fragrant flowers in racemes or solitary. Open at night or on cloudy days.

Types and varieties:

(O. missouriensis = O. macrocarpa)- 20 cm high, creeping, with yellow flowers.

(O. speciosa)- 50 cm high, juvenile with pink flowers.

Oenothera quadrangular (O. tetragona = O. fruticosa)- 90 cm high, yellow flowers.

Variety Fyrverkeri

Oenothera Longest Day.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with rich, well-drained, calcareous soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. The division of the bush (spring and late summer). Planting density - 12 pcs. per 1 m2.

Low ones are used in rockeries and borders, high ones are used in mixborders.

Daylily, red day (HEMEROCALLIS). Lily family.

About 20 species are known, mainly growing in meadows in East Asia. The bush is large, up to 100 cm high, with a powerful deep root system (sometimes short stolons are formed).

Pay attention to the photo of these meadow flowers: evening primrose leaves are xiphoid, curved; large funnel-shaped flowers (up to 12 cm long), wide open (in sunny weather), collected in a paniculate inflorescence (from 10 to 40 flowers), live one day.

Types and varieties:

Daylily brown-yellow (H. fulva)- brown-yellow flowers and a large bush.

day lily (H. minor)- the most drought-resistant species with a small bush of narrow grass-like leaves and an inflorescence of small light yellow flowers.

Daylily Dumortier (H. dumortieri)- compact bush, orange flowers.

(H. middendorffii)- fragrant orange flowers.

Daylily lemon yellow (H. citrina)- characterized by a lemon-yellow flower of an elongated shape.

day lily hybrid (H. x hybrida)- hybrids of complex origin with flowers of all colors (except blue and blue) and different term flowering.

10,000 varieties are known, groups are distinguished: early (late May-June), medium (June-July), late (August-September); by color (monochrome, two-color, multi-color).

Interesting modern varieties with white (yellow) flowers with an "eye" in the center:

Day-lily Radiant Greetings- "peephole" brown on a yellow background.

"Edna Jean"- raspberry "peephole" on a pink background.

Growing conditions. Sunny (or slightly shaded) places with rich, normally moist soils.

Reproduction. By dividing the bush (once every 10-12 years) in early spring or late summer.

(TRADESCANTIA) . Commeline family.

Herbaceous perennials growing in the meadows and prairies of North America form dense bushes 50–80 cm high from saber-shaped basal lanceolate leaves.
The flowers are three-petaled, large (4–5 cm in diameter), flat, in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence. The flowering of the specimen is long, but not friendly, since 2-3 flowers are open at the same time.

Types and varieties:

Tradescantia Anderson (T. x andersoniana)- hybrid.

Variety Innocence- almost white.

"Karminglute"- red.

Leonora- dark purple.

Osprey- light with a blue center.

Tradescantia Rubra.

Charlotte- bright purple.

Tradescantia virginiana (T. virginiana)- pink-purple flowers.

Tradescantia ohio (T. ohiensis)- height up to 100 cm, the leaves are narrower, linear, the flowers are bluish in a bunch, drought-resistant.

Growing conditions. Sunny places with fertile, normally moist soils. Plants are unpretentious.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing before winter), seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. The division of the bush (spring and late summer). Planting density - 12 pcs. per 1 m2.

Use in flower beds of any type.

Physostegia (PHYSOSTEGIA). Family of yasnotkovye.

Physostegia virginiana (P. virginiana)- high (80110 cm) perennial from the wet meadows of North America. Quickly forms a thicket due to long branching rhizomes. Strong dense stems are covered with lanceolate light green leaves. The inflorescence is spike-shaped terminal, in the species it is lilac.

Varieties:

Bouquet Rose- height 70 cm.

"Summer Snow"- 80 cm high, white flowers.

Variegata.

Growing conditions. Sunny or semi-shaded locations with rich, moist soils.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring) and dividing the bush (spring and autumn). Planting density - 16 pcs. per 1 m2.

It looks good in separate spots under the canopy of rare trees, as part of the “natural garden” flower beds, in mixed flower beds (limit growth); for a cut.

Meadow grasses with photos, names and descriptions

With a photo of meadow grasses, their name and description can be found below.

. Aster family (composite).

Large grasses from the grasslands of North America. Straight, branched stems at the top are covered with lanceolate leaves. Large flowers solitary or in loose corymbs. According to legend, the name of this meadow grass is given by the name of the beautiful Helen, the wife of Menelaus, who has the same beautiful golden curls as the petals of helenium.

Types and varieties:

Variety "Altgoldrise" with yellow marginal flowers in strokes.

Helenium "Gartensonne"- marginal flowers are bright yellow, median - yellow-brown.

Katharina- marginal flowers are dark yellow, tubular - brown.

Moerheim Beauty- yellow basket

"Die Blonde"- red-brown, etc.

Helenium Hupa (H. hoopesii)- orange-yellow flowers, blooms in June, height 40-50 cm.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with loose garden soils and good moisture. Planting density - 5 pcs. per 1 m2.

Reproduction. These meadow grasses reproduce in spring with young rosettes. Divide and transplant every 3-4 years.

(COREOPSIS). Aster family (composite).

Perennial grasses from the grasslands of North America. Numerous branching stems 60-80 cm high, covered with leaves, depart from a dense short rhizome.

As you can see in the photo, these meadow grasses have bright yellow inflorescences-baskets that look like daisies.

Types and varieties:

Most often cultivated coreopsis grandiflora(C. grandiflora)- it has pinnately dissected leaves and large baskets (up to 6 cm in diameter).

Variety "Domino"- yellow with a dark center, height 40 cm.

"Lous d'Or"- semi-double, height 90 cm.

Sanrai- double flowers, height 60 cm.

(C. verticalillata)- differs in a compact, spherical bush and narrow linear leaves.

Variety Grandiflora- height up to 80 cm.

Coreopsis Zagreb- undersized (25 cm) bush.

Growing conditions. Plants are undemanding, grow well on any soil, in the sun and in partial shade.

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring and before winter). Seedlings bloom in the 2nd year. It is possible to divide the bush (in spring and at the end of summer). Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Nivyanik, priest (LEUCANTHEMUM = CHRYSANTHEMUM). Aster family (composite).

Short-rhizome grasses of the meadows of Europe and Asia. The stems are straight, slightly branched, leafy, 80-100 cm high. The leaves are whole. Inflorescence - large baskets located at the ends of the stems. Marginal flowers - white, median - yellow.

Types and varieties:

Daisy, or chamomile meadow (L. vulgare = Chrysanthemum leucanthemum)- blooms in early June.

Variety "Hofenkrone".

May Queen.

Nivyanik the largest (L. maximum = Chrysanthemum maximum)- blooms from early July.

Variety Alaska.

"Polaris"

"Little Princess"- with large baskets.

Variety Agley

"Exhibition"

"Wirral Supreme"- terry baskets.

Growing conditions. Sunny areas with fertile clay, normally moist soil.

Reproduction. By seeds (sowing in spring), seedlings bloom by autumn, and by dividing the bush (in early spring and late summer). The plant is a juvenile, so division must be carried out every 3 years. Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Heuchera (HEUCHERA). Saxifrage family.

Plants of dry grasslands, rocks and prairies of North America. About 50 species of perennial herbs are known. Geyhery form a dense rounded low (20-50 cm) bush of numerous rosettes. The leaves are rounded, with a serrated edge, on long petioles, hibernating. At the height of summer, numerous openwork paniculate inflorescences of small bell-shaped flowers rise above the bushes. They bloom long and profusely. Seeds ripen in September.

In culture, only a few types are used:

-Heuchera american (H. americana)- leaves are bluish, flowers are small, greenish, few in number.

Variety "Persian Carpet".

Heuchera hairy (H.villosa)- a plant of dry forests with large green leaves and a loose panicle of white flowers.

Heuchera blood red (H. sanguinea)- reddish leaves, pink or red flowers in a loose multi-flowered panicle, this species is the basis of most hybrids.

Geichera small-flowered(H. micrantha)- known for its variety "Palace Purple" with large purple leaves.

Heuchera shaking (H. x brizoides)- garden hybrid.

Variety Plue de Feu.

"Rocket"

Silberregen.

Heuchera hybrid(H. x hybrida)- in recent years, numerous varieties have been obtained with leaves of different colors (pinkish, silvery, red, brown, with colored veins, etc.).

Particularly interesting varieties:

Prince- with green flowers and red-silvery leaves.

Regina- coral flowers.

"Peter Veil"- Red-silvery leaves with dark veins.

Plum Pudding- leaves are dark red, corrugated.

"Silver Indiana".

Growing conditions. Sunny and slightly shaded areas with rich, neutral, moderately moist soils.

Reproduction. The division of the bush (spring and late summer). Species can be propagated by seeds (sowing in spring). Seedlings bloom in the 3rd year. Divide and transplant every 4-5 years.
Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Houstonia (HOUSTONIA). The madder family.

Low-growing (10-15 cm) herbs from wet meadows and rocks of eastern North America.

Types and varieties:

Houstonia blue(H. caerulea).

Variety Millard's Variety- with bright blue flowers.

Houstonia thyme (H. serpyllifolia).

Growing conditions. These perennial meadow grasses prefer semi-shaded areas with moist soils.

Reproduction. Seeds and dividing the bush (at the end of summer). Planting density - 16 pcs. per 1 m2.

Red clover plant and its photo

Pea (legume) family.

The plant is a perennial with trifoliate leaves and flowers in capitate inflorescences. It grows in the meadows of the temperate zone. Height from 10 cm creeping species up to 90 cm in bush. Good honey plants, improve soil structure.

Types and varieties:

Variety "Pentaphyllum"- green-purple leaves, white flowers, height 20 cm.

"Quadrifolium"- with four brown leaves, forms a carpet.

clover red (T. rubens)- height 60 cm, lilac-red flowers, grows in a bush.

Growing conditions. Sunny places with any soils. Unpretentious.

Reproduction. This type of meadow grass is propagated by seeds (sowing before winter), by dividing the bush (in spring and late summer). Planting density - 9-16 pcs. per 1 m2.

Low clover forms rugs, well sods the soil on the slopes. Tall ones are interesting in mixed flower beds, where they improve the soil.