Types of kitchen hoods over the stove. Calculation of the power of the kitchen hood

Build a house or make overhaul in an apartment, without kitchen equipment with a suitable hood - this is money thrown to the wind. The soot from the fire, fatty fumes and the smells of cooked food very quickly soak the furniture and walls not only in the kitchen, but in all rooms. In addition, clean air is a guarantee of health and good appetite!

The role of the kitchen hood

Modern design solutions in the design of the kitchen, the hood is considered as part of the decor. Naturally, the integrity of the ensemble of furniture and equipment is pleasing to the eye, but still, the main parameter in choosing this equipment should be its functionality.

Exhaust kitchen fan should properly:

• clean the air from harmful products combustion;
• prevent grease and soot from getting on furniture;
• remove odors as much as possible;
• do not create a lot of noise when working.

The performance of all functions is fully possible if the performance of the hood is selected correctly. Companies specializing in the production and sale of this type household appliances, offer numerous options for kitchen hoods, their power is indicated in the passport. How do you know which one is right for you? A calculator and a simple but accurate calculation will help with this.

Performance and Power

These two concepts, although closely related, are not the same.

Performance kitchen hood- this is the amount of air that she is able to pump through herself in one hour. measured in cubic meters per hour (m 3 / hour).

Power determines the amount of electricity that will be spent on the operation of the fan, lighting and other functions of the hood. This indicator most likely affects the calculation of profitability. When deciding the question "how to calculate the power of the hood", you should pay attention to both the maximum loads and the intermediate ones, when working in various modes. The most correct calculation of power is the average.

The standard formula for calculating productivity is as follows: the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe kitchen multiplied by the height of the ceiling and multiplied by 12 (the air renewal factor adopted by sanitary standards), or (SxH)x12.

What affects performance?

A simple basic formula does not give a complete picture of what kind of hood will be needed in your particular case. Except baseline, it is necessary to correct the calculation, taking into account:

1. Working principle.
2. Location features.
3. Extraction design.

Let's take a closer look at how these parameters adjust the performance calculation formula.

Principle of operation and performance

With all the variety of designs, the principle of operation of hoods comes down to two options: for air extraction and for recirculation.

Air extraction work

In this case, the fan absorbs polluted air along with soot particles and brings them out through the ventilation ducts. Since the air must be constantly updated, for complete purification, fresh air must be allowed into the room.

Work for recycling

In this way, the air in the kitchen is cleaned if there is no possibility for exhaust. Kitchen fumes pass through metal and carbon filters and return to the room.

How do these indicators affect the calculation calculator? Typically, hoods with recirculation work have lower performance, higher noise levels and require more power. For ducted fans, the performance is adjusted in direct proportion to the length of the duct.

Location and performance

The increase in efficiency is associated with the location of the kitchen air purifier and the area of ​​​​the room to be cleaned. The fact is that the standard calculation involves a closed kitchen space. If the kitchen is connected to the living room or the doorway between the rooms is decorated with an arch without a door, you need to consider total area both rooms.

The effective operation of the hood is ensured if it is placed directly above the hob and slightly exceeds it in width.

The air exchange coefficient of 10-12 adopted by SNiP is also a relative value. Using the hood economically allows an increase in the coefficient up to 15 for electric stoves and up to 20 for gas stoves hobs.

The calculators offered on many sites for calculating the power and performance of hoods mainly offer standard forms. More accurate will be the calculator in which you need to specify more parameters.

In any case, it is more advisable to buy a hood that has a performance slightly higher than the maximum required for you. This will ensure that it does not work full mode, which in turn will reduce power consumption and, accordingly, extend the life of the device. And the noise level is significantly reduced, which is important, especially during long cooking.

Which design is better?

There is no single answer to this question. Again, it all depends individual characteristics kitchen furnishings.

Dome hoods

A large dome-shaped hood over the stove is considered to be given time the most efficient. Such ventilation is suitable for large kitchens, better with an island placement of the hob.

Flat hoods

The traditional design of this type is very common in places where there are problems with the installation of an air exhaust system. Primarily flat shapes ventilation devices are equipped with a filter system and work for recirculation and cleaning.

Built-in hoods

They are similar in shape to domes, but smaller in size. The main part of the structure is hidden in a locker, only the control panel and the main panel remain visible. The most ergonomic option, usually the least powerful. But there are exceptions.

A small kitchen area does not mean a hood with low performance. In small enclosed spaces with large volumes of stove operation, the air is polluted much faster.

To summarize: calculation required performance extractions are not difficult. This is easy to do with a calculator. The only rule is an individual approach to this event, taking into account all the nuances.

It takes ~4 minutes to read

It is difficult to imagine a modern kitchen without a hood. Stuffiness, the smell of cooked food, an unfavorable climate in the house, a dirty coating on furniture, walls and ceilings - all this has long been left in the past due to the invention of such indispensable assistant. Before answering the question of how to choose a kitchen hood, you need to understand what they are, consider them functional features, views and only then choose. Tips from the pros in this article.

Why are kitchen hoods above a gas stove required?

Quite a lot depends on the state of the air: from the well-being of family members to the taste of dishes that are stored or prepared indoors. Unpleasant odors worsen appetite and spoil the mood, and due to poor air ventilation, dizziness may appear, which is why it is necessary to purify the air.

Ventilation in the kitchen does not greatly save from the smell of burning in working area, therefore, in order to improve the microclimate in the house, odors must be eliminated directly above the stove. To complete this task, you need to know which hood to choose for the kitchen.

If you choose a hood for the kitchen, then you want it to be quiet, efficient, look stylish in the interior, be not very expensive, reliably improve the home microclimate, and require simple installation. How do you determine which one is exactly what you need? It depends on many parameters, which we will describe in this article.

Do you need an extractor hood in a kitchen with an electric stove?

Most people, when buying an electric stove, often ask if it is necessary to choose a hood for it? There is a misconception about its unimportance when installing induction or electric tiles. Electric stoves do not emit carbon monoxide- this is their main advantage. But when cooking on it, the smells are exactly the same as the presence of burning when frying dishes. The smell of food throughout the house is not a very pleasant moment. Therefore, we can say with confidence that the choice of a kitchen hood with an electric stove must be approached in the same way as if you had a gas stove.

Varieties of hoods and their right choice

It is possible to classify such varieties according to the form: dome, built-in and flat suspended.

Suspended

The most popular type is hanging. These devices are cheaper than all other models, their installation is not very difficult and does not require the participation of professionals. This equipment is placed above the hob, and a cabinet can also be installed on top of it, since the flat model does not require installation clearly under the ventilation duct.

Air purifiers of this type in the interior may look bulky, but right choice, on the contrary, will emphasize the notes modern design or classical elements. The flat model is equipped with replaceable filters, which are best replaced in a timely manner for effective work.

Embedded

Embedded equipment is mounted in a special cabinet and is almost imperceptible. Outside, you can only see directly the exhaust surface. They are equipped with an air duct, which is included in ventilation duct: it is located behind the cabinet doors.

Most built-in products are equipped with a retractable panel, which makes it possible to increase work surface devices. These models have a low noise level, an attractive design that is invisible both in modern interior as well as retro.

Dome

These hoods are the most interesting and fashionable option. There are design models that kitchen interior take the lead. The devices resemble a fireplace chimney: a dome and a thick channel. They will perfectly fit into the style of retro or classic. In terms of design, these air cleaners are the most diverse. Colored, black or white, glass, wood or metal, hi-tech or retro hood - modern design solutions make it possible to choose the perfect device that will meet the most demanding taste. Retro design exhaust systems are quite popular in private homes.

In some cases, they are classified as domed, and in some cases, types such as those with glass and an island air cleaner are distinguished separately.

• Island. Installed in the center of the room, fixed above the plate to the ceiling. This original installation is used in the interior, in which working part made in the form of an island. Looks the most interesting round form- its surface can be either curved or flat. These types of products are suitable for kitchens in retro design in the spirit of TV cooking shows.
• With glass. This model designed to solve not only its main task, but is also a design element. In these devices, the backlight looks the most interesting, especially when the hood with glass is not just transparent, but black, white or, for example, smoky. Glass varieties not suitable for retro design, because they look super modern.

Air purge mode

Air purifiers can be of three types:

• recirculation;
• flowing;
• combined.

Flow hoods are called hoods with an air duct (connection to ventilation). The air begins to be captured by the fan impeller and is immediately removed from the room through the channel. By this principle work familiar to many classic old models in retro style. Flow-through varieties of devices emit less noise, unlike recirculation ones.

Kitchen hoods with an air duct, although more efficient than recirculating ones, have one significant disadvantage: complex installation. At the same time, it is not always possible to make a technological hole for their installation, the ventilation channel may be too far away or absent.

Many modern models can work in a combined mode (circulation - outlet), can be used independently, or can be brought under ventilation. At the same time, they are equipped with the ARS system, which reacts to the smell of burning. Due to this system, the air cleaner automatically turns on at the signal of the sensor, this makes it possible to capture even slight odors.

Parameters and performance

This is another important parameter that shows how much air the device can “pump” per unit of time. The larger the kitchen, the higher the performance must be.

To find out what performance you need to choose specifically for your kitchen, you need to calculate the volume of the room by multiplying its height by the area, and multiply the resulting figure by 12. But even for small kitchen it is desirable to select products with a capacity of at least 300 cubic meters / hour. The most popular performance for modern exhaust systems: 1000, 850 and 700 cubic meters / hour.

Control Panel

Hoods differ in the way they are controlled. The following types can be noted:

• touch (non-convex flat buttons);
• push-button (convex buttons);
• remote (using the remote control);
• slider (horizontal mechanical switch).

It is difficult to determine which varieties are better in terms of management - the choice will be determined only by your preferences and common interior techniques in design modern style a button or slider panel will fit best, and a touch panel in retro. But it should be noted that buttons and sliders are more difficult to clean and get more dirty, which cannot be said about their more modern counterparts.

Connection to communications

Proper installation of the cleaner is a guarantee of its quality work. To connect the device to ventilation system short pipes must be used. The more knees the ventilation channel has, the worse the performance of the device (one bend reduces this figure by 4-6%).

It is advisable to select a duct with a large diameter and smooth walls. Corrugated hoses, regardless of their convenient installation, significantly reduce performance.

How to choose by size

The choice of size will depend on the dimensions of the plate: the size must be no less (and preferably more), narrow devices will not fully be able to do their job. Standard sizes, which, as a rule, are on sale - 900, 600 and 450 mm.

The air cleaner is set in height according to the type of hob. All hobs, without exception, require air purification - from the Soviet old retro stove to induction or modern electrical panel. The level above the gas stove, on which the air purifier is placed, is at least 85 cm, and above the electric one, it can be set within 65 cm.

Noise level

This is also one of the important indicators when choosing any device for home use. No matter how effectively he copes with his task, excess noise causes discomfort to the owners, causes irritation and can even provoke a migraine.

The ideal model should be quite powerful, but at the same time quiet, not create excessive noise, so as not to cause inconvenience to its owners. Professionals advise purchasing a hood with a noise level of no more than 60 dB. The lower the manufacturer claims the noise threshold, the better.

Production material

Choice is important enough. quality material for the body. Budget exhaust systems are made of enamel. Polished stainless steel looks more solid, but this is reflected in the cost of devices. At the same time, steel is more finicky in care, soot adheres to it more strongly, and it is impossible to clean it with abrasive compounds - scratches will appear.

Glass hood, made of tempered glass, which is resistant to temperatures and damage, closes the ventilation channel, protecting it from pollution. But the glass surface needs to be cleaned almost daily, otherwise stains and streaks will spoil the whole look. In order to properly care for this surface, it is necessary household products for glass cleaning.

Lighting

Lighting above the stove will never be superfluous, because modern kitchen hoods are equipped with lighting. It can be incandescent, fluorescent or halogen lamp. As a rule, light sources are installed in the far part of the device.

In modern models, you can find a rotary lamp, with which you can focus the flow of light in the required part and change its intensity. The exhaust system with glass, as a rule, is equipped with a significant number of fixtures and can even replace a chandelier in the kitchen.

Additional functions

In addition to the main function, modern models have additional ones. It will be right to choose good device which is equipped with them. Typically there can be two additional functions: residual stroke and interval switching.

• Residual stroke - after turning off the device, the fan will operate in quiet mode for 10-20 minutes to best cleaning air and getting rid of odors that remain on the stove after cooking.
• Intermittent switching - the hood turns on periodically after a certain period of time. This function required to ensure a constant supply of fresh air.

The range hood is an essential appliance in the kitchen. It gives you the opportunity not only to enjoy fresh and clean air, but also protects interior decoration and furniture from premature wear. Choose the right hood, even budget model can create comfortable conditions in the kitchen.

It may depend on the presence of the hood and on its properties whether the kitchen will be a cozy “corner” where family members like to gather and where it’s not shameful to invite guests, or whether it will turn into a “hot shop” with the inevitable smells of smoke, burning and it’s not clear what else. If the desire for comfort is more relevant, the first thing to do is to calculate the optimal performance future exhaust device. For this, there is a generally accepted formula: the volume of the kitchen (L x W x H) must be multiplied by a factor of 10-12. As a result, we obtain a value showing how much air should be updated (cleaned) in the room per unit of time (1 hour). If you choose a hood with parameters below the calculated ones, it can become just a decoration with a backlight function. But even for a small kitchen, a model with a capacity of 1000 m³ / h or more will be too much. What else you need to consider when choosing the best hood with optimal performance, we will consider further.

Criteria for choosing a good hood

Power

You already know how to calculate productivity. But the resulting figure will not be entirely correct. It is important to understand that a factor of 10-12 will give a result in which the hood with the appropriate parameters should work at its maximum. And, therefore, at the peak volume level and with a full load on the motor. The type of hob also matters. For electric panels and stoves, it is better to calculate with an increase in the coefficient up to 15, and for gas ones up to 20. The length of the ventilation route, the presence of bends, as well as the diameter of the pipe or the section of the duct, additionally affect the efficiency of air exchange.

Working mode

Most hoods are connected to the kitchen ventilation system. AT retraction mode they remove air along with odors and fumes outside the room. Many popular models also support circulation mode- when the air is cleaned with filters and returned back to the room. Filters should be changed regularly (every 4-6 months). This mode is convenient in winter - to keep the heat in the room.
There are models of hoods designed to work only in circulation mode. Such " hoods without ventilation"there are very interesting designs and unusual design- there are models that are built into the table, wall hoods, hanging, etc. But the cost of hoods without ventilation is quite high - mostly from $ 1000 and more. So they didn't become popular.

Dimensions

For effective operation, the width of the hood must be at least as wide as the width of the plate. Most often, hoods are produced in widths of 50, 60 and 90 cm.

Noise level

Too noisy hoods can turn being in the kitchen into a nightmare, so when choosing a hood, pay attention Special attention on the maximum rate. It is desirable that it does not exceed 60 dB.

Lighting

Many manufacturers equip their hoods with brightness control for maximum user comfort, and some models do not have this function.

Which hood manufacturer is the best?

Traditionally, the palm is held by time-tested German and Swedish brands: Siemens, Bosch, Asko. If the Scandinavian manufacturer is represented strictly in the premium segment, then the German Bosch and Siemens, in addition to the flagship Serie 8 and IQ 700 models, offer the consumer quality hoods in the middle price range. Positive customer reviews ensured the presence in the ranking the best hoods popular brands Hansa, Shindo, Kronasteel. Pleasantly pleased with the success of the Russian brand of cooker hoods ELIKOR, which does not try to impersonate a mythical company from the European Union, but positions itself and develops exactly as domestic manufacturer.

O best models hoods for the kitchen - more in our rating.

It is necessary to choose equipment first of all according to technical indicators and only then - according to external ones.

Today we will talk about the kitchen hood. We will tell you why it is so important in the kitchen and how to choose the right hood.

What is an extract?

A kitchen hood is an equipment for cleaning the air from fumes, smoke and other unwanted odors that form in the kitchen during the preparation of breakfast, lunch and dinner.

Composite hoods: housing, ventilation unit, mechanical or electronic control panel, grease filters. All parts are made of thermal and corrosion-resistant materials. The case is usually made of stainless metal or enamel is applied to the steel.

One and the main function of the hood is protection. Protecting our health from polluted air and protecting our kitchen from odors and grime.

During cooking, the most different products fires that adversely affect our health. After all, a long stay in a room where carcinogens, fumes, and harmful microorganisms are in the air significantly affects the health of all household members, especially the hostess. The state of health worsens, working capacity and concentration of attention decreases.

And it is the kitchen hood that cleans the air in the kitchen and protects our health from such symptoms.

The second protective function of the hood is to protect the room itself. All soot, splashes, fats and odors settle on the walls, ceiling and walls kitchen set thereby significantly reducing its shelf life. In this case, the hood draws out polluted air, captures odors, preventing them from settling on kitchen surfaces.

Types of hoods

Before buying a hood, you need to choose the right type for your kitchen.

Distinguish:

• built-in hoods: built into a hanging cabinet, above the stove or in a table that is located next to the stove;
• flat (suspended): such hoods are installed under wall cabinets or shelves above the hob;
• wall-mounted: hoods that are attached to the wall above the stove, such hoods come in a wide variety of designs;
• island: these are hoods that are attached to the ceiling above the hob;
• corner: hoods that can be installed in corner sets.

It is important to remember when installing the hood, keep the necessary distance. Between the gas stove and the hood, the distance must be at least 80 cm, and between the electric stove and the hood - at least 70 cm.

Thanks to a wide variety of hoods, you can choose any option for your kitchen. But external data and the corresponding style is not all. Or rather, not what the kitchen needs. The main selection criterion is the power that this or that hood has.

After all, what is the main thing in the work of the hood? The main thing is its performance, the main thing is how effectively it cleans the air.

Specifications of the hood

So, you are ready to buy a hood. You have selected a manufacturer. The only thing left is to choose the right model. Explore everything specifications hoods and only then buy.

Study: power (performance), mode of operation, noise.

How to determine the power of the hood?

The power of the hood must match the area of ​​​​your kitchen, otherwise it simply will not be able to purify the air for too long. big kitchen. Or vice versa, you will overpay for the extra power.

To determine the power, there is a certain formula, according to which you will accurately determine the required figure.

Standard calculation according to the formula: P \u003d SxHx12, where:

• P is the amount of power that you will receive as a result of calculations;
• S is the area of ​​your kitchen; if you don’t know it, you can easily calculate it: measure the width and length of the kitchen with a tape measure, multiply these data, convert to meters and get the area of ​​\u200b\u200byour kitchen; you can also find a plan of your apartment from BTI, in the project of your apartment, be sure to indicate the area of ​​\u200b\u200beach room;
• H - ceiling height;
• 12 - SES norm for air purification in the kitchen - 12 times per hour; this coefficient depends on the type of hob. For example, for electric stove- 15, for a gas stove - 20.

Here is an example: a kitchen measuring 3 * 3.5, ceiling height 2.5m. Gas stove.

P \u003d (3 * 3.5) * 2.5 * 20 \u003d 10.5 * 2.5 * 20

Р=525 cubic meters/hour

When calculating the power of the hood, you must remember that you need the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe isolated room. Therefore, if you have a kitchen-studio or a kitchen-living room, you need the area of ​​​​the entire room: both the kitchen and the living room. In this case, the requirements for the performance of the hood increase significantly. Indeed, now smells and smoke spread throughout the apartment, not only in the kitchen, and the area will have to be cleaned much more than the kitchen area.

When buying a hood, do not be stingy, hoping that you will have enough power less than necessary. Don't chase brands. Otherwise, you will use the hood only as a backlight.

Hood noise

Second important characteristic is the noise that comes from the hood. After all, too much pressure noise will negatively affect nervous system.

To our regret, the degree of noise rises according to the degree of performance. Therefore, it is very important to successfully choose a model with the most optimal ratio of noise level and degree of power of the hood.

Noise options:

• 30dB - standard level noise with silence in the room;
• 35 dB - the degree of noise, with a very quiet working hood, the noise level is heard as a whisper of a person at a distance of 4-5 m;
• 45 dB - quiet working hood, corresponds to a conversation at a distance of 10 m or softly playing music;
• 50 dB - noise that is generated during a normally operating hood; comparable to a conversation at a distance of 2-3 m;
• more than 50 dB - elevated level noise, very distracting, reminiscent of a loud conversation at a distance of 5m.

Creators modern hoods doing everything to reduce the noise level. For example: silent fan motors with special bearings, sound-absorbing pads, hoods with two fans, hoods with an external motor (outside the building).

Professionals advise choosing a hood with a certain power reserve and then using it in medium mode. Such a small trick will significantly reduce the noise level and extend the life of the kitchen hood.

Hood operating mode

Depending on the mode of operation, kitchen hoods are divided into flow and circulation.

The flow mode is designed to extract air into the ventilation shaft, while completely removing polluted air, odors and fumes from your apartment.

This mode is considered the most reliable and effective, as it provides 100% clean air in the kitchen.

In circulation mode, polluted air is not expelled. It only passes through the carbon filters located in the hood housing, then it is cleaned and returned back to the room.

The hood in circulation mode is easy to install, but its performance is much lower than that of the hood in air outflow mode.

We have presented three main criteria for choosing a hood. Determine them first, and only then the appearance of the hood. And only in that order.

Subject to this simple rule you will have a kitchen with a clean and fresh air, while decorated with a stylish and modern hood.

Musty stale air in the living room, fumes and rich smells of food in the kitchen, exhausts and amber of fuels and lubricants in the garage - such conditions suggest that how to calculate draw power.

Hood power calculator

Somewhat earlier, such a factor influencing the choice as the noise emitted by the exhaust system was mentioned. We should not forget about this property of turbines built into kitchen ventilation, because it directly depends on the power, that is, the number of revolutions per minute, as well as on the diameter of the channel and the number of elbows in it, the distance to the ventilation shaft, the density of the filters and other trifles. Therefore, you always need to find a compromise between the desire to buy more powerful equipment and the desire to spend evenings in the kitchen in a cozy environment.

According to the facts, the comfortable noise threshold in the room is no more than 30 decibels (db), this is the so-called background noise - the distant roar of motors of cars passing along the street, birds chirping outside the window, the murmur of water in the pipes. At the slowest speed for real silent hood publishes no more than 35 dB, at the second speed - within 45, at the third - about 50 dB. When compared to household noise, this is equivalent to a whisper at 5 meters from you, a conversation at 10 meters and a quiet conversation at 3 meters, respectively. Accordingly, a noise threshold of 55 dB can be considered uncomfortable, given that there is always enough work in the kitchen.

If you do not pay attention to decibels, then the calculation of the hood is very simple. You have a certain volume of the room, the so-called cubic capacity, within these limits the air must be constantly updated, preferably at least 12 times per hour. So we first calculate the volume of the room, multiplying its length, width (this will give us the area) and height V=S. H, and then we multiply the result by the same 12 complete air purifications. However, this number of ventilations is usually calculated for maximum load hoods, that is, it will mean prohibitive noise in the kitchen during the same hour. Therefore, be sure to add at least 15% to the result of multiplications (ideally 30%) and get V. 12 . 15=P, that is, the power determined by cubic meters per hour (m 3 / h).

The choice of hood is largely influenced by the type of hob, due to the different amounts of combustion products emitted into the air. So, for an electric panel, they are completely absent, as well as for an induction panel, and for a gas one, along with soot. Therefore, for the first two in a 3x4 meter kitchen, a minimum capacity of 486 cubic meters per hour is sufficient, and for the third, at least 650 cubic meters of air for the same time. Accordingly, the coefficient of renewal of air in the room for electric hobs is taken as 15, and for gas 20 times per hour. It is logical that if the doorway is devoid of a closing sash and has turned into an arch, the power should be increased due to the spread of odors and combustion products, and for the same surfaces it will already be within 600 and 800 m 3 / h, respectively.

Unlike the kitchen, the room reserved for the car should be much better ventilated. And this is logical, since it is difficult to compare by the amount of combustion products released gas stove and engine internal combustion. Therefore, before you calculate the hood, you need to decide which vehicles and in what quantity you will put there. Exhausts from a passenger car and a truck vary greatly in volume and content. harmful substances, especially if the first requires high-octane gasoline, and the second calmly consumes diesel fuel. According to the air exchange standards established by ABOK, one a car it is necessary to provide air flow in the amount of 180 cubic meters per hour.

It is not recommended to make many bends, because the more there are, the louder the noise. exhaust system. In addition, each knee reduces ventilation efficiency by approximately 10%. In order for the air drawn out by the turbine to be replenished at the same speed, several inlet openings can be made by supplying them with retraction fans. The entrance channels are located closer to the floor, at a distance of 40 centimeters from it, and are covered with a fine mesh to prevent the penetration of rodents.