Supply air conditioners for the apartment. Air conditioners with fresh air intake from the street

February 2019

What kind of air blows the air conditioner?

"The air conditioner blows air that it takes from the street." This is a common misconception. Perhaps with these words we can begin this article. Every second client believes that since the air conditioner has outdoor unit outside the window, the air conditioner itself takes fresh air and delivers it to the room. If you were present during the installation of the air conditioner, you could observe that a route is stretched to the outdoor unit from the indoor one, which consists of:

• copper gas and liquid tube for freon;
• a tube for drainage (when condensate is removed to the outside);
• cable for interunit control and power supply.

As you can see, when installing an air conditioner, air ducts are not laid that can supply atmospheric air into the room. In other words, the air conditioner passes through the indoor unit room air, which passes through a thin plate heat exchanger cools down.

Communications to the external unit only serve to remove heat, and not to supply air from the street to the room. Split system is not ventilation unit!

In the outdoor unit, freon is compressed by a compressor, the condenser is blown by a fan to remove excess heat, and already liquid freon is supplied to the indoor unit to evaporate and cool the room.

But there are exceptions! And more about them below.

How is air supplied to the room through the air conditioner?

The most efficient supply of fresh air is carried out by ducted air conditioners and cassette split systems. Structurally, in these types of air conditioners, it is possible to connect air ducts to take fresh air from the street. Duct air conditioners with supply ventilation do not provide 100% supply of air passing through them from the street, but they do exactly mixed: the volume of air left in the room from the street reaches a maximum of 30-40%.

Indoor unit of duct type with an air duct connected to it for supplying fresh air.

Adapters for grilles through which both cooled and fresh air will be brought into the room.

Decorative grilles for air distribution from duct air conditioner by premises. They can also be ceiling-mounted.

An air duct is connected to the indoor unit, which takes atmospheric air from outside the room and provides more comfortable environment compared to a conventional air conditioner without fresh air supply. But so that street dust, soot, leaves do not get into the room - filters are installed on the way. And for the possibility of heating cold (in winter time) air - heaters. All this economy must also be "stretched" through the air duct, which exerts resistance, which is why the implementation of such a ventilation scheme requires a calculation for resistance and an assessment of the possible volumes of air entering the room from the street.

And now the purified air enters the heat exchanger of the indoor unit, and then through the air ducts it is distributed to ventilation grilles by premises. You can get more detailed information from the sections of our website or by consulting a manager.

One drawback of duct and cassette air conditioners with air admixture: their installation is possible at the stage of repairing the premises, because the installation of indoor units and the laying of the freon circuit with air ducts is carried out covertly (under the ceiling or sewn into the space between the walls). For those who want to experience the beauty of forced ventilation combined with air conditioning, there are only a few models. The best of them are presented below.

Models of wall-mounted split systems with a supply ventilation function

Recently, several Chinese manufacturers have appeared on the climate market, which have expanded their line of air conditioners with forced ventilation. We would not advise considering this option: the level technical solutions in these split systems is far from perfect: high level noise, low air flow in cubic meters, etc. At first glance, few people managed to introduce a simple function into a household split system. Even Panasonic was forced to abandon the sensational XE-DKE series in 2007-2009, removing it from production as inefficient.

Air conditioners with supply air are becoming more and more popular and in the HVAC industry there is one leader in this segment, the Japanese giant Daikin.

Air conditioners Daikin with air admixture

If Hitachi is (was) the most popular, then Daikin is the most advanced model to date! Series of air conditioners with air supply Ururu Sarara- an ultra-modern system, which is designed to raise the quality of life of a modern person in a city to a new level! That was the goal of Daikin's Japanese engineers.

Combining the functions of cooling/heating, humidification/dehumidification, ventilation, air purification and oxygen enrichment in one unit provides an unsurpassed level of comfort. In your city apartment you will breathe clean air with optimal level humidity, oxygenated air. This split system is far from cheap, but with its help you improve your sleep, well-being, and get sick less. This is both an air conditioner and an air purifier - two in one!

To learn more about the series of air conditioners with air supply: UruruSarara series air conditioners.

Fresh air from the street enters the filter in the outdoor unit, through which it enters the blades of the cassette made of zeolite (a hygroscopic material that provides moisture transfer), which in turn supplies air to the heating zone, thereby increasing the humidity of the air supplied to the room. In automatic mode, the air conditioner will independently select the optimal humidity.

Air is supplied to the room through a special reinforced hose included in the delivery set and designed for a length of 8 meters. Made from antibacterial material. The air supplied to the room undergoes the finest cleaning:

• dust, pollen, exhaust gases - everything is trapped by the filter coarse cleaning and catalyst in the first stage, before air is supplied to the indoor unit;
• Titanium dioxide photo catalytic filter ensures the destruction of the membrane of odor molecules, spores, mold and viruses, followed by decomposition into harmless amino acids. The filter is recoverable!
• streamer discharge (cold plasma) destroys the remnants of viruses and bacteria, providing a clinical cleanliness in your home!

The remaining features of this air conditioner (timer control settings, flow control, easy cleaning, 3D airflow, wide-angle blinds, turbo mode, safety and durability, etc.) can be written for a long time. But it can be summarized this model A: She's perfect. The best air conditioner has not yet been invented by any of the manufacturers.

• air conditioning
• domestic air handling unit

Similar schemes have been implemented at dozens of our facilities. You can learn more about this option of air conditioning and air supply on the pages of our website in the article Air conditioning and air handling unit

Another option, as already mentioned above, would be to install a ducted air conditioner with an air outlet to take in fresh air from the street. When implementing such a scheme, a duct fan is often installed in the air duct after the intake grille (to ensure the proper volume of air supply to the indoor unit of the split system), a filter (for air purification) and a heater (if necessary, heat cold air in winter).

In warm and comfortable homes, there are often problems with natural ventilation, and therefore the oxygen content drops sharply. This affects the health and activity of homeowners and employees of enterprises.

To solve the problem, use forced ventilation forced type. A modern air conditioner with an influx of fresh air is an example of efficient and affordable climate equipment.

A common mistake among users is that they consider any air conditioning system to be ventilated. In fact, only certain types of equipment can work with outdoor air masses in the active air exchange mode. To make it clearer, first consider the device of a conventional split system.

Household air conditioners, which are commonly called split systems, are a set of two separate modules that have a different structure from each other and are located in different places. The first module is an evaporative unit, which is installed on the floor, hung on the wall or partially masked with a ceiling cladding. The second module is a remote compressor and condenser device, usually mounted on the facade of a building.

Schematic representation of the device with the indoor module mounted on the wall. The two modules are connected to each other by thin copper tubes through which freon moves. The tubes are hidden in strobes behind decorative trim or in plastic boxes (+)

The principle of operation of the air conditioner is simple. Through the fences room air enters the unit, where it is cooled, and then discharged through the air ducts to the outside. The change in air temperature is based not on the production of cold, but on the transfer of thermal energy.

The carrier is freon, which enters the remote module in a gaseous state, and returns in a liquid state. To go into the gaseous phase, freon takes some of the heat from the exhaust air in the evaporator.

In fact, there is no replacement of air masses, and cooling (as well as heating and filtration) is carried out by recirculation. Supply equipment is arranged differently. An example of a split system with fresh air supply is a duct type device.

The design diagram of a duct air conditioner, which performs the functions of ventilation and temperature control inside the room. Required element designs - a heater built into the pipe (+)

Of course, ordinary split systems are easy to install, have many additional features, have a beautiful modern design, but they, unlike the supply ones, do not freshen the air in the room - and this is their main disadvantage.

What is the feature of multi-split systems

Speaking about air conditioners in a general sense, it is necessary to mention multi-split systems, which are also used for equipment multi-room apartments, private houses, office and industrial buildings.

They differ from ordinary ones in that they have only one remote block, while there can be several internal ones. The minimum number is two modules, the maximum is limited to four. If you use more indoor units, the system will lose its performance and will not work at full capacity.

The number of pipelines increases, respectively, the cost of equipment increases and the installation of some parts of the structure becomes more complicated. It is important to create conditions for laying all connecting elements (+)

The multi-split system is not always used, but only in some cases when the installation a large number outdoor units is not possible for a number of reasons:

• the building is a historical or architectural monument;
• there is a ban on the installation of remote units on the facade;
• for hanging equipment, the architecture of the building provides for certain places limited in area.

Sometimes from mounting a large number remote modules are refused for aesthetic reasons: beautiful facade buildings, hung with large buildings, looks unpresentable.

Amendments are periodically made to the rules for the improvement of large cities, prohibiting the placement of air conditioners on facades overlooking the central streets. Exit - installation of the block on the courtyard wall of the building

The advantage of a multi-system is the installation of one remote module, the disadvantages are complex work on the installation of pipelines, a decrease in productivity and reliability. In addition, all indoor modules must operate in identical modes: either heating or cooling.

Supply duct models

The function of replacing exhaust air masses with air from the street is fully implemented only in ducted air conditioners, so we will analyze their features performance in details. A well-designed and installed channel split system copes with the tasks of ventilation and control of the microclimate in the premises.

Distinctive features of the air conditioner with inflow

Recirculation models of ducted air conditioners (CC) are similar to conventional split systems in terms of the principle of operation, but they differ in design and installation location. Indoor modules are built into suspended ceiling structures, and air circulates through the channels connecting them to the outdoor unit.

Image gallery

It looks like a simple recirculation model that is not able to supply fresh air. In order for the system to perform the supply function, a built-in heater is required. This is regulated by the rules of SNiP, according to which the lower threshold for the temperature of air masses coming from the street should be +14 ° С.

If the outside air temperature is above -15 °C, the heat pump handles the heating function. However, at lower temperatures, air conditioner models with water or electric heaters. Heating equipment can be either additionally installed or built-in.

The heating system is equipped with an automatic unit, thanks to which the supply of fresh air to the various modes, depending on the season. The control of the automatic block is carried out using the remote control

Programmable air supply systems are more expensive than conventional wall-mounted room modifications, but they are much more efficient and more functional than them due to the combination of ventilation and air conditioning. The amount of oxygen in the air meets sanitary requirements, the temperature is easily regulated, and appearance does not create discomfort, since all the working parts of the system are in the invisible zone, above the ceiling.

The principle of operation of the supply system

To transport air from the street to the premises, air ducts are provided, which are not found in conventional split systems. First the air from the street through outdoor unit moves into the insulated channel, then into the mixing chamber. There, the incoming air is combined with the exhaust air, refreshing it.

Then the air mixture passes through the filters and, according to the selected mode, is processed. Dehumidification, heating or cooling of air masses occurs. After that, the purified, filtered, partially refreshed air of a given temperature enters the premises.

Channel modifications with admixture are used in large rooms, which are separated from each other by non-capital partitions. These are apartments with ceilings from 3 m, clinics, catering establishments, sports and educational institutions, offices, etc.

As a rule, the temperature maintained depends entirely on the season. In summer, supply duct air conditioners work for cooling, in winter - for heating. In the cool season, enough functioning heat pump, the heater during this period can not be used.

Types of equipment with admixture

As you already understood, only duct equipment with air ducts and heating can fully cope with the replacement of air with fresh air. However, some other types of models can also provide ventilation, but within 10% of their performance. The share of fresh air is often referred to as "admixture", the main part of the air masses is occupied by processed water. indoor unit"working out".

Traditional wall models

Models, the indoor unit of which is mounted on the wall, are the most popular for the improvement of residential premises. There are models that provide a comfortable microclimate on an area of ​​10 m², but there is also more powerful equipment designed for halls up to 100 m². Not so long ago, inverter models equipped with a supply and exhaust fan appeared.

Regardless of whether the air conditioner is operating in heating or cooling mode, it can operate in parallel supply and exhaust system. An example of a wall-mounted outdoor unit is the Air Exchanger series. famous brand HITACHI.

Before entering the room, the air mixture is cleaned by a filter system from exhaust gases, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, etc., while eliminating odors

The wall-mounted evaporative unit is installed anywhere in the room, but the area near the window is preferable. The shorter the line between the indoor and outdoor units, the higher the productivity of the equipment. Wall models have a pleasant design and a large set of additional options.

Cassette air conditioning systems

Often in public buildings you can find air conditioners with internal cassette-type modules. Such systems are suitable for servicing large areas - from 40 m² to 150 m². They are high performance and stand out. minimum indicators noise.

The working part of the models is placed above the suspended ceiling structure, only the decorative grille is visible standard size 60x60 cm. The movable parts of the grille are controlled from the remote control or from the adjustment panel installed on the wall

The performance of cassette air conditioners is from 3 kW to 15 kW, the main functions are lowering the temperature in the hall or working in the heat pump mode. A common design is in which air is taken from the hall through a central hole, and the supply is carried out along four guides in different directions. If one cassette is used, then it is mounted in a suspended structure in the center of the room.

On the market you can find both traditional modifications and cassette systems with admixture. For example, Airwell CK air conditioners are designed for installation of multi-split systems and, thanks to the built-in heater and air ducts, carry out a metered supply of fresh air. Advantages - Beautiful design and high performance, the disadvantage is installation only in a suspended structure.

Floor and ceiling devices

In some rooms there are no conditions for mounting cassette models, and the performance of wall-mounted air conditioners is not enough. In this case, universal floor-to-ceiling devices are used, which have fasteners for installation on the floor and for hanging from the ceiling.

The Japanese company Daikin specializes in the production of floor and ceiling devices with a mixture of 10% fresh air. New supply models save up to 30% of electricity and have a high cost - from 60 thousand rubles. and higher

Air conditioning is carried out thanks to a jet of purified air, which is directed along the ceiling or wall - depending on the installation location. The highest power of devices is 15 kW, but for relatively small rooms (40 m²), equipment with parameters of 5-6 kW is sufficient.

Column models of split systems

As the name suggests, air conditioners are shaped like columns leaning towards the ceiling. They surpass other types in terms of power (average 17 kW) and can serve rooms up to 180 m².

The principle of operation of column-type models is the same as that of previous air conditioners, however, they differ in the supply of purified air. The jet is not directed along the walls and not in the center of the room, but towards the ceiling. There, the cooled air diverges in different directions and descends, displacing the already heated air.

An example of a column device with an inflow mode is General Climate GC. The air exchange is more than 1900 m³/h, and the heating power is 22 kW. Cost - 109 thousand rubles.

Recirculation models with a partial admixture of clean air have high performance, but their noise level is higher than that of steel types - up to 50 dB.

Benefits of multi-zone air conditioning

Multi-zone room service is a more advanced version of multi-split systems, which creates a certain microclimate over a large area. The fundamental difference from standard split systems is the increased length of highways connecting modules located in different places.

Advantages of the multizone system:

• up to 20 indoor units can be connected to 1 remote unit;
• distance from the internal module to the external one - up to 150 m (in some cases - more);
• height difference between modules - 50 m.

Thanks to the listed parameters, the remote outdoor module is installed in the most convenient remote places - in the attic, roof, in the yard behind the fence, etc.

Scheme possible installation outdoor unit. If for some reason it is impossible to carry out installation on the roof, the module is installed directly in the courtyard of the house, ensuring safety

The multi-zone system is more economical, since the inverter control allows you to change the capacity of the system depending on the number of functioning indoor units. In this case, you can use modules that are completely different in type and performance. Adjustment and control over the operation of all equipment can be done in the system mode, from one remote control.

Before purchasing a split system for home use or for office use, you must first decide whether ventilation is needed. Perhaps the room is equipped efficient system ventilation and does not need additional devices of this type.

If the air exchange is weak, pay attention to the models of supply air conditioners.

For rooms with high ceilings, any built-in models are suitable - channel, cassette. But do not forget that in order to mask the working elements, you will have to build a suspended structure.

If the ceilings are low (for example, 2.5 m), the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bceiling models will not work. Perhaps, according to the technical characteristics, it is possible to choose a device with a wall-mounted module, which simultaneously carries out air intake from the street. For large rooms, a more productive model will be required, for example, with a floor-to-ceiling installation.

Hotel halls, foyers and vestibules are large. In addition to channel systems, column models are installed in them, which are distinguished by their productivity and high air exchange rate.

Regardless of the type of device, it is necessary to analyze its technical characteristics and performance: to clarify what area the model is designed for, what is its power, whether it is possible to connect additional modules. The latest programmable air conditioners with a large list of additional options are much more expensive, but some features are really important.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

To better understand the device and the principle of operation of the supply split systems, we suggest watching an overview video.

Video review of Haier ducted air conditioners:

About the advantages of channel type models:

More about multizone systems:

To enrich the air in the room with oxygen, it is not necessary to keep open window or install additional ventilation. Sometimes it is enough to correctly choose an air conditioner model, which, if necessary, will not only cool / heat the room, but also carry out air exchange.

When choosing an air conditioner for a house or other buildings, it is necessary to take into account, first of all, their area and configuration. Thanks to this, you will be able to effectively set up the operation of the equipment, completely eliminating possible overloads and unnecessary electricity costs. A channel split system is ideal for a private house, apartment and other premises that have high ceilings and large areas.

What is a duct air conditioner

Ducted air conditioners are a set technical devices that change physical characteristics air (humidity, temperature) by passing it through itself. At the same time, the equipment itself is located in the ventilation duct.

Channel equipment is one of the types of split systems, the purpose of which is to provide a microclimate in parallel in several rooms. This technique consists of an indoor and outdoor unit. The first is located in the interceiling space and has an exhaust system that distributes already cooled air throughout the rooms. The second is located on the street and removes warm air from the premises.

The indoor unit of the duct air conditioner is mounted in the ventilation ducts, so only its outer grilles are visible in the room

Air ducts are designed individually, since the number of their bends and length depend on the size and configuration of the room.

The purpose of the duct air conditioner and its design features

Duct technology operates in recirculation mode, so it does not always provide rooms with fresh air. This is due to the fact that when the temperature in the room drops to 14 o C, the equipment will heat the air, even if it operates in cooling mode. Thanks to the use of such a device with a heat pump, you can heat the air in winter. But when the temperature environment drops below 11 o C, the performance of the air conditioner may already be lacking.

A ducted air conditioner can not only cool the air in hot weather but also warm it up in winter

To ensure an all-season flow of fresh air, water heaters are attached to the device, which provide air heating in the cold season or use special ventilation systems with built-in heater.

The set of channel equipment includes the following elements:

Any channel device can be completed additional elements, such as:

Video: ducted fresh air air conditioner

The principle of operation of a ducted air conditioner is to remove warm air from the room with its further transfer outside the building. The channel device works in the same way as the other refrigeration technology. The refrigerant moves in a gaseous state and passes into a liquid state with the help of two units: a condenser (part of the external equipment) and an evaporator (located in the indoor unit).

Warm air from the room is taken into the indoor unit, where it is cooled due to contact with the refrigerant and is discharged back into the room

Air from the room enters the indoor unit through a diffuser and ventilation grilles, which is subsequently processed in a special way. Further, the already cooled air to the required temperature is returned back.

Considering the operation of duct equipment, you can distribute a stream of air with a low temperature over large areas of the room due to the fact that ventilation ducts have wiring. In the process of cooling the space, the taken heat is removed to the street as condensate.

The ducted air conditioner operates on the principle of local air exchange, that is, it takes and processes the air flows in the room, and then returns the cooled air through the air ducts. There is a channel inverter equipment on sale that has an installed power control function depending on the set air temperature. Such a technique has extensive capabilities and high performance.

Duct air conditioners are divided by purpose into industrial and domestic, and by performance - into:

• high-pressure;
• medium pressure;
• low-pressure.

The channel conditioner has the engine - the compressor of necessary power. At the same time, high-pressure equipment provides the highest productivity, and low-pressure equipment provides the minimum. High-pressure air conditioners work perfectly even with a significant length of ventilation shafts. They allow you to serve large areas, in which it is necessary to arrange a significant number of knees and valves, where the air flow reduces its speed.

Types of ducted air conditioners

Ducted air conditioners are divided into models that work exclusively for cooling, and those that function both for heating and cooling. In addition, they are divided into:

As already mentioned, duct equipment differs in the air pressure produced, which determines the length, as well as the configuration of the ducts:

It is also worth mentioning that some devices are able to mix in fresh air from the street, but basically ducted air conditioners are designed for operation only in circulation mode.

To ensure the inflow of fresh air, heaters are connected to the air conditioner or separate ventilation supply elements with a built-in heater are used. Thanks to this combination of equipment, two tasks can be solved at once: air conditioning and ventilation of premises throughout the year.

Calculation of air ducts for duct air conditioner

In order to correctly calculate the air ducts, it is necessary to know the maximum air flow rate in the system and the volume of air that passes per unit of time. The higher the air velocity, the smaller the ducts, but the higher the noise level and the higher the energy costs. The air speed for private houses usually does not exceed 4 m / s, since at high speeds its movement becomes very noticeable. In industrial buildings, the air flow speed can reach 8 m/s.

In addition, it must be taken into account that it is not always possible to use low-speed air ducts with a significant cross section, since it will be difficult to install them in the space behind the ceiling. Rectangular ducts help to reduce the height of this space, however, it is faster and more convenient to install a system of flexible as well as round ducts.

The use of rectangular air ducts allows you to reduce the size of the installation gap under the ceiling, but round ducts are easier and more convenient to install

The air channel area can be calculated using the formula Sc = L * 2.778 / V, where:

• V is the speed of the air flow;
• L - air flow;
• Sc is the desired area.

Video: ductwork for a ducted air conditioner

Planning a ducted air conditioning system

The importance of planning a ducted air conditioning system cannot be underestimated. Any building is unique in its own way, therefore, in each individual case, its own specific air conditioning system is selected.

The installation of the channel system is carried out in rooms with significant areas ( trading floors, offices, production) or in buildings of individual construction. Combining several systems into one helps to benefit from duct equipment in relatively small rooms.

Ducted air conditioners are usually installed in large office, retail or industrial premises

When planning a duct system, there are several characteristics you should consider:

• power consumption of the air conditioner;
• heating power;
• power for cooling;
• exchange or air performance. Expressed as the number of air exchanges in 60 minutes for a certain volume of the room;
• air pressure. This indicator is critical for large premises that need air duct systems of considerable length. The air conditioner, which gives excellent performance due to the air flow rate for short channels, on a long channel will not draw a mass of air with little pressure. And this will negatively affect the efficiency of the system;
• weight and dimensions.

System planning should be carried out by a professional who will correctly not only make all the necessary calculations, but also be able to choose the right type of climate system device.

Installation of channel air conditioners

Installing a ducted air conditioner is time consuming, but not that hard work. For its installation, you need to prepare the following set of tools:

• building level;
• manometric and vacuum pump;
• perforator.

Expendable materials:

• bracket;
• drainage hose;
• insulation;
• dowels and other fastening material.

Consumables are usually part of the air conditioner kit, but if they are not available, it is worth acquiring the missing parts. Next, you can do the installation of equipment:

If all the work is done correctly, you can test the air conditioner in different operating modes.

Video: how to install a duct air conditioner

Selection of channel air conditioner

Now on the market there are ducted air conditioners from dozens of manufacturers from different countries Therefore, in order to purchase quality products, it is necessary to understand this issue very carefully.

The main parameters by which it is necessary to select a duct air conditioner are the generated pressure and cold performance.

1. The static pressure is determined by the performance of the device's fans, which must provide the required amount of air to the room for a certain time.
2. The cooling capacity of the equipment is the maximum amount of cold air produced by the equipment in a certain period of time. This characteristic is indicated in the data sheet by the manufacturer.

Video: Daikin ducted air conditioners in the apartment

Service of channel conditioners

Channel equipment is an air cleaning and cooling device that is able to absorb allergens, dust, and dirt. But in order for the equipment to work properly and provide good air purification, it is necessary to carry out its timely maintenance, which includes the following work:

If the installation of the device is made in a hidden way, then the maintenance also includes disassembly of the cells with their further assembly. In addition, the refrigerant level is measured and, if necessary, freon is charged.

At the final stage, the processing of wall decoration from various pollution protective special film.

Advantages and disadvantages of ducted air conditioners

In modern houses with a sufficient ceiling height, ducted air conditioners can be installed, which in this case serve as household appliances.

Main advantages:

1. The duct air conditioner is controlled by an infrastructural or wired control panel.
2. Hidden installation of equipment, as well as its outlet and inlet air ducts, will not affect the interior of the room.
3. Fresh air can be mixed in, which ensures an air flow that is better enriched with oxygen.
4. One indoor air conditioner unit is able to cool the air in several rooms at once.

Negative sides:

1. Quite problematic wiring, calculation, as well as the selection of air ducts. Therefore, do not trust such work to unqualified people.
2. Channel equipment can only be installed in buildings with high ceilings.
3. When operating one indoor unit for several rooms, the same temperature will be maintained, which in some cases is inconvenient.

Ducted air conditioners are the best in creating comfort conditions in multi-room buildings. They are almost invisible in the interior, so you will fully experience the advantages of such equipment. In addition, this type of air conditioning is quite popular because of its price and decent technical characteristics.

A ducted fresh air conditioner is not as popular as its standard wall-mounted counterpart. However this device can often become optimal solution to normalize the climate at work or at home. The considered split system is designed for the transformation of cooled air through a network of air ducts. With its help, you can serve several rooms or one room with a uniform distribution of the cooling air mixture. Warm air is also supplied through special passages. We will study the features and types of this device, as well as how to install it.

Device

The fresh air ducted air conditioner consists of a pair of modular designs. The compressor and condenser part aggregates with the internal evaporative element using a pipeline in which there are electric wires and freon. outdoor sector mounted from the outside of the building, and internal detail has several installation options:

1. In the hollow part of the suspended ceiling.
2. In a false wall
3. In a closet or other utility room.

Thanks to the hidden placement of the evaporation unit, the use of the system becomes more practical, especially when implementing original design projects. Supplied channel air conditioner for the apartment without finished system air distribution. It is worked out during the creation of the project.

Inside the box are the following items:

• Powerful fan.
• Thermal exchanger.
• Electronic control board.
• Condensate collection tank.

Since the cooling of a large area is accompanied by the release of a significant amount of condensate, some modifications have a drain pump.

How does the machine work?

The duct air conditioner operates with an influx of fresh air according to a scheme characteristic of all representatives of this type of equipment. The unit is based on a heat pump, in the circuit of which the refrigerant circulates. In addition, radiators, connecting pipes and a compressor are provided, forcing the gas to move in a circle.

Heat is transferred by alternating compression of the refrigerant. The first stage is carried out in the outer contour of the radiator, while the gas temperature increases. Due to the thermal difference, a thermal exchange between the refrigerant and air begins, as a result of which the gas gives off the energy received from the air mixture in the room. The intensity of heat exchange is supported by an external radiator fan.

In the outer compartment, the pressure increase is provided by a special throttle that passes gas in small quantities. Due to this, the injected refrigerant accumulates in the cavity in front of the throttle and is compressed. An ordinary long tube (capillary) is used as a delayed device.

Peculiarities

The compression pressure is calculated taking into account the possibility of gas condensation when it cools. This is because when the refrigerant liquefies, the efficiency of the fresh air ducted air conditioner increases as more heat is generated. As a result, the efficiency of the heat pump is significantly increased. The outdoor heat exchanger is often referred to as a condenser.

The liquid refrigerant through the throttle enters in small doses into the internal radiator, where, under the influence low pressure the liquid evaporates, again transforming into a gaseous state. A small volume of gas occupies the entire space of the evaporator, which contributes to its expansion. The subsequent cooling and heating of the refrigerant allows a constant repetition of the cycle to be achieved.

Modern home fresh air air conditioners are designed to allow refrigerant transfer, allowing the internal radiator to be converted from an evaporator to a condenser, and the external counterpart to be vice versa. Such a solution makes it possible to pump heat in the reverse order, as a result of which the unit will function for space heating.

A feature of this design is the minimum energy consumption. The user receives warm masses from cold atmospheric air. Compared to standard heaters on heating elements, this system will significantly save on electricity. On average, for every kilowatt consumed, four times more heat is produced.

The operation of the unit is appropriate under the temperature conditions recommended by the manufacturer, since a significant decrease in air temperature can lead to zero effect when using equipment in heating mode.

Varieties

Channel air conditioning for an apartment can be of several types. First hallmark is the indoor unit fan head (pressure measured in Pascals). There are the following types of technology:

• Low pressure models (up to 50 Pa).
• Medium pressure options (up to 150 Pa).
• High-pressure modifications (up to 300 Pa).

It should be borne in mind that with more air in the ducts, a stronger pressure will be required to allow air to circulate.

Also household air conditioner with an influx of fresh air is subdivided by type electrical circuit(operation mode):

1. Units with start/stop system. Such devices are equipped with a compressor operating at a constant one speed. This leads to the presence of an almost constant power indicator. Maintenance temperature regime controlled by the cooler circuit breaker.
2. Inverter-type options are more "advanced" models. They are equipped with a special electronic device that makes it possible to generate alternating current any frequency. This solution allows you to adjust the speed of the compressor and the power of the heat pump.

Installation of a channel air conditioner

Installing the fixture consists of the following steps:

Selecting a location for fixing the outdoor unit. It is desirable that it be on the north side or in the shade. Apartment residents multi-storey buildings the assembly should be mounted near the balcony, which will facilitate the maintenance of the device. The block is located below the internal analogue at a distance specified by the manufacturer.

1. At the installation site of the inner part, a hole with a diameter of 8 centimeters is drilled, which will serve for laying connecting communications. final size depends on the identical duct value.
2. Brackets are fixed on the wall, the external unit is installed on them. It must be placed strictly horizontally. The maximum allowable difference between the wall and the fixture is 100 mm.
3. Mounted in the room inner part unit. The best option the block will be fixed directly to the ceiling or wall, which will eliminate the vibration of the equipment. Otherwise, vibration dampers should be used.
4. Further installation of the duct air conditioner is to connect the electrics. A separate wire is drawn from to the indoor unit. Its cross section should not be less than 1.5 square meters. mm. The main line connection is via circuit breaker. Then the terminals of both blocks are connected.

Installation of freon pipelines

This operation includes the following manipulations:

1. A pair of copper pipes is cut off with a pipe cutter. Their length should be 1000 millimeters longer than the distance between the fittings, which will ensure smooth bends.
2. On the outer parts, the workpieces are bent by means of a pipe bender. Without this device, the metal can deform and crack.
3. The tubes are equipped with heat-insulating nozzles made of polyurethane.
4. Threaded flanges are attached to the edges of the elements.
5. Rolling of the ends of the workpieces is carried out. Tighten the nuts preferably with a torque wrench. Excessive force may damage the device.
6. The ends of the tubes are screwed by means of threaded flanges, which must be tightly tightened.

Final works

From the outside of the building, wiring, drainage and freon pipes are fixed with clamps or masked in a special box. The hole is blown out mounting foam. Then the system is evacuated. The pump should run for 60 minutes, which will allow excess moisture to completely evaporate. The refrigerant is launched into the circuit, while monitoring the pressure readings. Next, the unit is turned on for testing. If the system works without failures, connect the air ducts using flexible rubberized or tarpaulin inserts.

Channel air conditioner: price

The cost of the device in question depends on the power, design features and brand of the manufacturer. The simplest kind this unit is available within 14-15 thousand rubles. The quality of technology directly depends on the manufacturer. If it is a well-known and popular brand, the chance of acquiring a defective item is somewhat lower. It is also worth paying attention to warranty periods. Duct industrial air conditioners are much more expensive (from 100 thousand rubles and more).

Service

For normal operation of the device, its proper maintenance is required. Among the main manipulations:

• Removal of dirt from the condensate collection tank. You also need to check the tubes, processing them disinfectant solution to prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
• Refrigerant pressure control.
• Dust removal from air ducts.
• Cleaning of the channel conditioner in the filtering part.

If these measures are ignored, the volume of passing air will be reduced, and the unit will not be able to maintain the temperature set by the consumer. In addition, the device may simply break down or leak in the indoor unit. The price of a channel air conditioner is not so small as to risk its serviceability, neglecting the elementary rules of operation. The frequency of preventive and technical work is indicated in the user manual.