How and when to plant sweet peppers. Pepper Care

Pepper seeds, without pre-treatment can germinate up to 2-2.5 weeks. Only very fresh ones sprout quickly, for example, last year's harvest. And so, germination decreases with each year of storage, and by the age of four it goes to zero.

Preparation of pepper seeds for sowing seedlings

For sowing, the most full-weight healthy seeds are first selected. To do this, they are immersed for 5 minutes in a 3% solution. table salt. Bad seeds will float on the surface, good seeds suitable for planting will sink to the bottom.

The next step is to prepare the seeds for planting. To begin with, they are soaked for 5 hours in warm water, then wrapped in a paper towel or gauze and placed in plastic bag and put in a warm place until sprouting.

Germinated seeds are sown only in moist soil, as they can die in dry soil.

You can prepare the seeds for planting in another way. It's called bubbling. This requires an aquarium compressor. Pepper seeds are placed in a jar, filled with water room temperature, then this jar is supplied with air from the compressor. In general, it is done as in an aquarium, only as fish - seeds. This method is considered more effective than simple soaking. After a day, they are pulled out of the water and dried. Bubbling is carried out a couple of weeks before sowing.

To prevent pepper diseases, planting material disinfect. For this, effective and low-toxic biological products are on sale: Alirin-B, Albit, Baktofit, Trichodermin, Fitosporin. You can simply soak the pepper seeds for 15 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate dark purple and then rinse well. Only swollen seeds are treated with manganese.

You can also speed up seed germination. For this, growth stimulants are used, such as Novosil, Ribav-extra, Zircon, Epin, Ecogel. When treating seeds with these drugs, it is important to strictly observe the dosage, otherwise you can achieve the opposite effect. Growth stimulants are usually treated twice. The first time at the seed stage, the second time when two true leaves appear.

Another way of pre-sowing processing of pepper planting material is using a solution of wood ash. This treatment reduces morbidity and activates the immune system. Two tablespoons of ash are dissolved in 1 liter of water, then pepper seeds are placed in this solution (in a gauze bag). Then, after 5-6 hours, they are removed and dried without washing.

A day before planting, it is useful to treat pepper seeds with complex micronutrient fertilizers, such as Mikrovit, Cytovit. Seeds are kept in a solution of microelements for 12–24 hours, then dried without washing.

Carefully study the inscriptions on the bag, it happens that the seeds have already been prepared for sowing. In this case, sow them dry.

When processing planting material, do not strive to apply all the processing methods described at once - it is better to experiment, starting with the simplest.

When to plant pepper seedlings

In order to correctly calculate when to sow pepper for seedlings, you need to decide in advance where the pepper will grow - in a greenhouse or in open ground. It is also important to decide on the method of growing seedlings - with or without a pick, and also at what time it will be planted on permanent place into the ground. Some gardeners sow pepper seeds as early as mid-February, but with this early term seva just need to take care of the backlight. The majority of those who like to grow pepper in greenhouses on solar heating, hotbeds, under the simplest film shelters, begin to sow pepper in late February - early March.

For additional illumination of seedlings, fluorescent lamps are used, since conventional lamps incandescents are of little use for this.

Planting pepper seedlings

For growing seedlings, a mixture of peat, humus, sod land(in a ratio of 6:2:1) or peat, soddy land and sand (2:1:1), or humus, soddy land and sand (3:3:1). It is not bad to add a glass of wood ash to a bucket of the mixture. Naturally, you can prepare the mixture in a different way, as long as it is fertile and fairly loose. It is desirable to steam the mixture, and then keep it in a warm place for a week and a half before sowing so that it “comes to life” and microorganisms begin to actively act in it. A good option is ready-made soil mixture for peppers.

Each variety is sown in separate containers and must be signed. It is better to save seed bags so that, if necessary, you can clarify some details and features of the variety.

Usually pepper is grown with picks, sowing two months before planting in place. Peppers do not tolerate transplanting well because they root system slowly recovers from damage and as a result they are delayed in development for 7–10 days. Therefore, it is advisable to sow the seeds immediately in individual containers. small size(about 6*6, or 8*8cm). In this case, you can sow them 45-50 days before planting in a permanent place. If you are afraid that not all peppers will sprout and the place will disappear, sow two seeds at once in individual cups and then, if both sprout, then you can simply pull out one weaker plant.

When sowing in common containers (boxes), pepper is sown in rows with a distance of 3 cm between them, 2 cm are left between plants, the planting depth is 1 cm. drying out of the soil, and the cotyledon leaves will carry the seed coat on themselves, which will prevent them from developing.

After sowing, the soil is slightly compacted, watered warm water, cover the containers with film or glass so that the soil does not dry out and keep in a warm place (23–26 ° C) until germination. If the ground is too cold and damp, the seeds may rot. If all these conditions are met, then the seeds that have passed pre-sowing treatment, will sprout in 3-5 days. It's okay if shoots appear in a week, peppers are generally a thoughtful culture.

As soon as the first sprouts appear, it is necessary to remove the film or glass and move the seedlings to the window, to a bright and cool place (16–18 ° C), then the seedlings will not stretch. After five days, it must be returned to a warm place and in the future to maintain a temperature of + 20- + 25 ° C during the day and + 16- + 18 ° C at night. It is advisable to follow these recommendations in the first days of plant life, otherwise, at too high a temperature and high humidity, the seedlings will grow pampered, with a weak root system.

The place where the seedling box is located should be well lit. With a lack of light, peppers lay buds later - not after the 8th–9th leaf, but, for example, after the 12th. In order for the seedlings to be strong, even, they are regularly turned over to the sun.

You need to water the seedlings only with warm water - moderately, but enough, without drying out the soil, otherwise the growth of peppers will stop, the stems will become woody, and the fruits will be with thin walls.

Picking seedlings of peppers

In the phase of 2 true leaves, seedlings grown in a common box are dived into separate containers about 10 * 10 cm in size. Larger pots are not needed, since seedlings grow slowly before laying flower buds, and besides, the development of the root system of plants lags behind from the development of the aerial part - it is very small, does not fill the entire volume of the pot, so the earth in it can turn sour. They make a pick like this: they hold the seedling by the stem, carefully, trying not to shake the earthen ball, place it in the hole to the cotyledon leaves, and crush the soil.

Seedling feeding

About a week after picking, when the plants take root, they can already be fed with a weak solution complex fertilizers containing micronutrients. The second such top dressing is carried out at the beginning of budding, when the bushes begin to grow actively and they need more food. Solutions must be warm, about 30 ° C. If you feed organic fertilizers, then very carefully, otherwise the plant will begin to "fatten". If the leaves of the seedlings are pale green, then they lack nitrogen. In this case, you need to feed with a solution of urea (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water).

If the seedlings grow too rapidly, "fatten", then this indicates an excess of nitrogen. Use superphosphate (3 tablespoons per 10 liters of water) - fill it with warm water and let it brew for a day.

In order for the seedlings to develop the root system well, you can use the drug Kornevin.

Before the start of budding, a simple “operation” can be carried out, which is capable of raising the crop by almost a third: the main stem is pinched over the fifth or eighth leaf, the pepper begins to branch actively, which means it will lay more fruits. There are opponents of this method, they prefer to form a bush in two stems and so lead it to its full height periodically tying it up.

Seedlings are planted in a permanent place at the age of 55–65 days, when they begin to form buds. It is important not to outgrow the peppers at home in a small container, otherwise they will stop growing after transplanting into the ground. If it is not possible to plant them in a permanent place on time, you will have to transfer the seedlings to large containers.

So that changes in growing conditions do not become too much stress for the plants and they do not stop growing, two weeks before planting in the ground, seedlings need to be hardened off: lower the temperature, reduce watering, if it is already warm enough, take them out into the open air little by little . A day before planting seedlings for better survival, you can spray it with "Epin" or "Zircon".

Sweet pepper is a rather whimsical plant, but this quality does not prevent hundreds of thousands of gardeners from annually collecting hundreds of kilograms of this from the garden. amazing plant. In order to Bell pepper was juicy, ripe and did not succumb to the effects of pests, you will have to study the features of planting, caring, growing seedlings and their subsequent planting!

Growing peppers is a tricky business. However, this garden culture considered one of the most popular. Still, because it opens up endless spaces for culinary fantasies! Juicy and fragrant sweet peppers can be added to salads, borscht, soups and sauces, stuffed, baked, marinated and used to make delicious vegetable stews!

Homeland of sweet pepper South America with its tropical climate. Today, it is grown all over the world in a variety of climates. We, in Russia, began to grow pepper for culinary purposes only in the 19th century. Prior to that, it was used exclusively in medicine. It should be noted that the content of vitamin C in this vegetable is higher than in oranges. In addition, its regular use improves the functioning of the liver and gallbladder.

Where to plant and how to care?

Pepper is extremely thermophilic and photophilous. A comfortable temperature for him is not lower than + 20-25 ° С.
Plant peppers on the south side of your garden so that other plants do not cover it from the sun's rays.
Caring for pepper when grown in a greenhouse or open field is proper watering, constant top dressing, weeding and loosening. Pepper bushes should be watered as the topsoil dries. At the same time, it should not be allowed to dry out completely, the plants may die. After watering, it is desirable to loosen the earth.

How to grow seedlings?

Pepper is a late ripening crop, so it is grown in seedlings. We sow seeds for seedlings in late February and early March.

Prepare the soil before planting the seeds. If it was stored in a cold place, a few days before planting we bring it into the house so that it warms up well. Previously, the day before planting, we shed the soil with a pale pink solution of hot water with potassium permanganate. This is necessary for disinfection from harmful microflora, as well as final warming up.

For better growth of pepper seedlings, we mix ordinary soil from the garden with peat-based soil in a ratio of 1: 1.
This will favorably affect the further development of plants. Add wood ash to the resulting mixture in a ratio of 1:15. Ash is an excellent source of potassium, which is so necessary for the full development of plants. Then we fill the container for seedlings with prepared soil and water it. In principle, you can plant seeds and ready purchased soil, if you are not afraid of additional costs.

In a container where many plants will grow, we sow the seeds at a distance of 3-5 cm from each other. Then in the future there will be no need to dive seedlings. Sprinkle the seeds with earth and again pour warm water. To speed up seedlings, we create a “greenhouse effect”: we cover our crops with a film (a regular plastic bag will do).

Immediately after the emergence of shoots, remove the film. Otherwise, the pepper sprouts will overgrow and be very weak. Containers with seedlings should be placed in a warm and bright place with an air temperature of at least + 18-20 ° C. Water the seedlings at intervals of 1-2 days so that the soil is always moist.

In the early days - necessarily warm water with a temperature not lower than + 25-30 ° C. Watering plants is best in the morning or evening hours. Before watering, periodically loosen the soil to a depth of 5-7 cm.

After our peppers get a little stronger, we raise the air temperature to + 22-27 ° С. This will encourage them better growth. Then, in the phase of formation of 3-4 main leaves, we maintain the following temperature: + 22-25 ° C in sunny weather, + 19-22 ° C in cloudy weather, + 16-18 ° C at night.

During the growing period, seedlings will need to be fed 3 times.

We carry out the first dressing after 2 weeks from the beginning of germination, when the plant already has 3-4 leaves. During this period, pepper must be provided with nitrogen so that it fully grows and develops. To do this, add 1 tablespoon of urea to 10 liters of water, stir and water our seedlings. Before watering, you can sprinkle the soil around the plants with ash.
We carry out the second top dressing 2-3 weeks after the first, according to the same scheme.

We do the third feeding of seedlings 4 days before planting in the ground. In 10 liters of water, add 1 tablespoon of urea and 1 tablespoon of superphosphate.

Where to grow: in a greenhouse or in the open field?

We know that pepper is a heat-loving crop. Therefore, when growing in a greenhouse, you are guaranteed to get more high yield than in open ground. Plant care is the same everywhere. But it is in the greenhouse that ideal conditions for pepper growth.

In spring or early summer, do not rush to plant pepper seedlings in a permanent place. This crop needs well-warmed soil and consistently warm weather. In addition, the threat of night frosts should be completely avoided. For warm climate areas the best time for planting pepper in open ground - the end of May - the beginning of June. For cold - the middle or end of June.

2 weeks before planting in open ground or a greenhouse, start hardening your peppers. What it is? In the early days, just open the window. Then we take out the seedlings to a balcony or veranda to a place where the plants will be protected from direct sunlight. If the temperature on the balcony or veranda does not drop below +14 ° C at night, the seedlings feel quite comfortable. Then we don't bring it into the house.

We plant seedlings according to the 30x30 scheme, carefully removing them from the glass so as not to damage the roots. We plant at the same depth as in the pot! Scheme 30x30: next to a single bush there should not be another close to it at a distance of less than 30 cm; seedlings can be planted in a "line", or in a checkerboard pattern.

One of the most common crops that almost every summer resident grows is sweet pepper. And there are several reasons for universal love:

1. First of all, this tasty and healthy vegetable is versatile. It can be cut into salads fresh, or even solo cook as a separate dish.
2. Secondly, peppers are easy and simple to grow if you know a few basic principles on how to do it right.

In order for the culture to feel comfortable, you need to look a little into history. This will help you find out what conditions are necessary for good fruiting, both in the open field and in the greenhouse.

Sweet peppers are native to South America. So, this plant is best suited for approximately the same climate: warm and not arid.

If the greenhouse is still cool, it is worth installing a heater. And remove excess moisture by ventilation.

Open ground pleases the plant with warmth, but is necessary for good growth. These are the basic rules. But there are subtleties of pepper care that every summer resident should know.

How to grow a good crop of pepper in the open field?

A good pepper harvest is no accident. Effort applied with knowledge is needed. So, for example, the rate of fruit ripening and the features of caring for it will depend on the choice of variety. The time of sowing seeds and the time of planting will depend on the variety. young plant into the ground.

Let's divide the whole process of growing pepper into several stages:

1. Soil and seed preparation.
2. Growing pepper seedlings from seed.
3. Plant care.
4. Diseases and pests.

First stage

It all starts with seed preparation. What is included? There are several seed processing technologies.

• One of them is to soak the seeds for 4-6 hours in hot water(water temperature from 40 degrees and above). After that, the seeds are placed in a damp cloth in a heated room for 2 days.
• Another way is to treat the seeds in a weak solution of potassium permanganate for 15-20 minutes. Then they must be washed and placed in a solution for 12 hours. After that, the seeds are washed and placed for a couple of days in a damp cloth.
• Land preparation. If for sowing seeds sold already ready soil. Then for planting seedlings after picking and for growing peppers in open ground, care must be taken that the earth is loose and light, good. To do this, humus and sand are added to the soil, in a ratio of 2 to 1. You can add.
• Soil preparation includes site selection. It should be a bright place, protected from drafts. It is advisable to fertilize the ground (40-50 g), rotted (about 10 kg) and wood ash(up to 100 g). These figures are per 1m² of soil.

Second phase

Considering that pepper seeds germinate for a long time, within two weeks, they should be planted in containers in advance in order to grow them first.

The approximate time when it is better to do this is the end of January, the beginning of February, depending on the variety and where the young plants will be planted: in open or closed ground.

Sowing seeds:

• the soil is pre-treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate;
• the box should be at the bottom with holes;
• distance between seeds 2 cm;
• after landing, cover the box with foil or glass, put it in a dark, warm place;
• a box is put into the light with the appearance of the first shoots;
• water only when the soil dries out;
• water with slightly warm water;
• dive with the appearance of two true leaves.

You can sow pepper seeds in separate pots, then you don’t have to replant it, which the plant will really like.

Third stage

It takes about 100 days, and the seedlings are ready for relocation to a permanent place of residence. The middle or end of May is great for this. The soil then warms up well, and the plant is less sick. If the climate is not quite suitable for heat-loving peppers, this problem is easily solved by building a plant.

The seedlings themselves, and the beds prepared by that time for pepper, should be watered abundantly. The water must be warm! The distance between bushes and beds should not be less than 40-60 cm.

What is required to properly care for plants? There is a simple rule of four "P":

1. Top dressing.
2. Watering.
3. Weeding.
4. Garter.

1. Top dressing. During the growth and development of the plant (vegetation period), pepper must be fed 3-4 times. You can do this both with specially prepared commercially available products, and prepare the fertilizer yourself.
   • The first time seedlings are fed 10-14 days after planting in open ground. For 10-12 liters of water, 1 liter of manure is taken.
   • The second top dressing before the flowering period. Potassium humate is diluted with 10 liters of water, 2 tablespoons are added. double superphosphate (it can be pre-crushed).
   • The third time pepper is fed with wood ash or superphosphate (possible in combination). A glass of ash (or 2 tablespoons of superphosphate) is poured with water and infused in the sun for 2 days. This top dressing is carried out two weeks after the last fertilization of the plants.
     Nettle is an excellent universal fertilizer. Cut the nettle, put it in a bucket and pour warm water at the rate of 1 to 10. Leave for 2 or 3 days. Fertilizer is ready.
2. Watering. This plant loves moisture, but not waterlogging. Therefore, it is worth watering the pepper only if the soil is dry. The water must be warm!
3. Weeding. Light, fluffy soil required condition good pepper growth. To do this, the earth must be regularly fluffed.
4. Garter. Not only high grades peppers need support, but also those that delight gardeners with a good harvest. To do this, in order not to injure the roots of the plant later, even when planting seedlings, a support is buried next to the bush.

Pepper Care When Trouble Arises

Diseases and pests that cause harm to pepper:

• late blight;
• blackleg;
• white rot;
• black bacterial spot;
• whitefly;
• bear;
• slugs
• Colorado beetle.

If the "black leg" is easily prevented by using good land, avoiding waterlogging it, and watering it only with warm water, then from a disease such as late blight, the most current method there will be prevention. For this, it was necessary to treat the seeds before planting. And with the advent of night coolness and rain, plants should be covered at night. Sprinkling with infusion of onion peel is also useful.

From insects such as the Colorado potato beetle and the bear, experienced gardeners use special preparations and herbal infusions: tansy, garlic, yarrow, wormwood.

Pollination with wood ash will help protect the plant from pests. Aphids can be defeated with whey mixed with water (1.5 liters per bucket of water).

Many summer residents prefer to grow heat-loving peppers in a greenhouse. But here there are some points that you need to know, and be prepared for them. For example:

• In order for the cultivation of pepper in a greenhouse to bring only positive results, you need to carefully consider the choice of variety. Not every variety of pepper can do pollination without insects. But even in this case, you can try artificial pollination, using an ordinary soft brush.
• Usually the soil in greenhouses is depleted from more frequent use. So, you need to take care of its fertilizer or replacement of the top layer (20-25 cm) of soil.
• Pesticides and fertilizers are best to use those that are suitable for greenhouses. Most often, on their packaging there is a special mark.
• To combat pests that find conditions convenient for themselves in the greenhouse, it is necessary to spray the pepper with Fitosporin once a month.
• If pepper is planted in a greenhouse in spring or autumn, then it is best to preheat the air in it.
• It is imperative to ventilate the greenhouse to avoid too high temperatures and high (almost 100 percent) humidity. If it is not possible to regularly ventilate the greenhouse, artificial ventilation can be equipped in it.

By learning how to properly grow peppers in a greenhouse, and taking the necessary actions, you can ensure that the plants are healthy and the yields are high.

Seedlings for greenhouses and for open ground grown according to the same principles. The main things for this are three points: with plants you need to keep warm; make sure that the earth does not dry out, and is not too moist; the soil should be lush and light. Looseness of the soil is given by sand, humus, undecomposed organic matter.

Seedlings can be transplanted into the greenhouse earlier than into open ground. At the same time, summer residents with experience advise doing this carefully so that the roots young bush completely immersed in the landing hole, without bending or twisting.

There are few rules for growing peppers in open ground, they are all easy to implement. If you follow them, you can get an excellent harvest.

Here are some helpful tips for productive cultivation of pepper in open ground:

• To attract insects during the flowering of the plant, it can be sprayed with sweetened water.
• Pepper pollinates easily. Therefore, you should not plant different varieties of it close to each other.
• The site, which is planned to be given under the pepper, is carefully selected. In order to avoid diseases of the plant and for good harvest, in no case should the representatives of table root crops, pumpkin and legumes be the precursors of pepper.
• Be sure to harden the plant for their best acclimatization. For this, 10 days before planting in open ground, it is necessary to take out seedlings on Fresh air. Starting from 10-15 minutes, you need to gradually increase the residence time of the plants.
• If frost strikes unexpectedly, pepper plants can be saved. To do this, you need to water the soil well. Or insulate the plants with film, paper, lutrasil. Can be put on bushes plastic bottles with cut bottom.

Over time, each summer resident gains his own experience. This helps him expend less energy to get good results.

Growing pepper in a greenhouse in the country - video

To get a good harvest, you need to plant quality seeds. Taking into account the fact that we are going to plant pepper in a garden in the open field under conditions temperate climate, it is worth giving preference to the following varieties:

• "Corvette". Gives vegetables of medium size, red, juicy. The yield is above average, the variety is early;
• "Mirage". Picky variety, ripens very quickly;
• "Sweet Banana". Early variety fruit color is bright orange. The fruits are medium in size, with sharp tips, oblong. At proper care give a very large harvest;
• "Gift of Moldova" - this is an ultra-early variety, is one of the least whimsical and more popular crops in the middle lane.

What to focus on when choosing? The brightness of taste and color, the volume of the crop must be combined with the unpretentiousness of the culture. With practice, you will be able to choose best option for your area.

Conditions and technology for growing sweet pepper

First, let's talk about seedlings. You can grow it at home or buy it ready-made, but then the costs will also increase significantly.

Required in warm conditions(about +26 degrees), it is very important to provide enough sunlight.

Pepper soil can be prepared in advance. For a good shoot, you need light and loose, with an optimal composition, including sand, humus and earth.

Before planting peppers in prepared containers, fertilizers do not need to be added. We do top dressing after the first shoot appears (1-2 leaves).

How to fertilize pepper

Sweet pepper reacts very poorly to a lack of minerals, so it is very important to feed the soil in a timely manner. After the seeds have given the first shoots, it is necessary to water the ground with the first top dressing. Cooking in the following way: 0.5 g of saltpeter, 1 g of potassium, 3 g of phosphate are diluted in 1 liter of pure water.

Seedlings need to be watered every day.. If the leaves began to dry and turn yellow, we additionally fertilize the soil potash fertilizers. If the leaves become dull ( grey colour), then there is not enough nitrogen. If a Bottom part leaflets purchased purple hue, add phosphorus fertilizer.

It is necessary to carefully monitor the condition of the seedlings- at the stage of its growth, timely top dressing will save the plant.

Soil requirements for planting seedlings

We transplant seedlings in the first half of May. The readiness of the plant is determined by the presence of approximately 10 leaves on the bush. Landing is carried out in the ground - special requirements are imposed on the landing site.

First, it must be a well-lit area. Secondly, you can not plant pepper in the same land in which they grew last year: potatoes, eggplants, tomatoes.

It is allowed to plant where cucumbers, pumpkins, legumes or cabbage were grown. The site must be protected from the wind.

Scheme of planting seedlings of peppers

The technology of planting seedlings in open ground includes the following steps:

1. Preliminary watering with the Strela solution (preparing according to the instructions) is a protection against pests.
2. We make holes in the ground at a distance of 40 cm from each other, with a depth of 2 cm higher than the container in which the seedlings were grown. We fertilize each hole, adding superphosphate, ash to it, pour warm water on top.
3. After soaking up the water, each seedling is placed in the hole.
4. We compact the soil near the seedlings, sprinkle with peat on top.
5. We install next to each seedling wooden rod(about 0.5 m high). Between them we put arcs of metal wire.
6. We cover the seedlings with foil. In a few days, with good weather, it can be removed.

Pepper Care

Plants should be watered in moderation. It is important to monitor the condition of the seedlings daily, you need to moisten the soil for the first seven days quite a bit (about 200 ml per plant will be more than enough).

A week after transplanting, you can fully water the pepper, for this you can use special irrigation agricultural equipment (automatic or mechanical sprinklers). At the roots, it is desirable to slightly loosen the earth. This will ensure the supply of oxygen to the root system.

Watering should be done 1 time per week until flowering (about 10 liters of water per 1 sq. meter), then 1-2 times a week, depending on precipitation. We use only warm water(about 26 degrees).

Harvesting

We figured out how to properly plant peppers and care for them. Harvesting also involves the observance of certain rules. Peppers must be harvested by hand, immediately after they ripen.

This should be done before the first frost. If you plan to grow peppers for sale in the future, then seed fruits should be left on the bushes.. For sale to customers, we pack vegetables in cardboard boxes, after washing and drying them.

To whom to sell peppers

If the harvest turned out to be good, then there will always be buyers. You can take vegetables to the agricultural market. Possible competition should be taken into account, so a small advertising campaign should be carried out before harvesting.

To do this, we place ads in the local newspaper, if possible - on television or radio. Do not forget about the Internet - in groups dedicated to gardening and the sale of agricultural products, you can leave your coordinates.

In the future, you can find a firm-buyer and work under the contract.

Income and expenses

Now let's calculate how much money growing peppers can bring. Suppose we grow paprika in a plot of 100 squares.

The average cost of seeds will be $20. In the future, if you plan to continue the business, you can save on this expense item by collecting them yourself. The cost of fertilizer will be about $20.

The average yield of pepper is about 5 kg per 1 square meter. Thus, we get 500 kg of vegetables in one season. average price per kilo is $2. The total profit is equal to $1000, subtract the expenses and get $960 for one season.

We learned in the open field and how much you can earn by selling it. Subject to all the rules of planting, care and harvesting, every year you can receive a good amount of money as an additional income.

Sweet pepper is a welcome guest on any table, as it contains many vitamins and minerals. He especially stands out large quantity vitamin C, which puts it among the most healthy vegetables for any person.

It comes from the hot and humid regions of Central America, where the humidity is kept at 70-75 percent, and the temperature is not lower than 21 degrees.

We select varieties

Now many different varieties of this plant have been bred, which are subdivided according to the place of cultivation (open ground, greenhouses, room or balcony) and ripening time (early, mid-ripening, late).

When choosing seeds for cultivation, it is worth considering, first of all, local climatic conditions, as well as the adaptability of varieties to them. An important factor when choosing one or another variety of sweet pepper is disease resistance, yield and options for use.

For open ground among worth mentioning orange wonder F1, Latino F1, Semko F1, Montero F1 or Early Miracle. And among the mid-season, Victoria, Bolgarsky 79 and Novogoshary are especially in demand.

Getting ready to sow

The growing period of sweet pepper is quite long and in order to get an early and large harvest, it is necessary to adhere to the sowing dates.

Usually sowing is carried out in February ( better first two weeks), since more than 100 days pass from the appearance of the first seedlings to flowering. Also, do not forget that pepper seeds germinate in 10-14 days when correct technique cultivation.

Adult seedlings should preferably be between 70 and 80 days old, since it is from such plants that you can get best harvest. Prepared seeds for sowing (collected or purchased in a store) must be processed.

Good to know: if the seeds from the store are covered with a composition of fertilizers and growth regulators, then they are not processed, but sown immediately.

First of all, the seeds are soaked in a one percent solution of manganese for 20-30 minutes. This helps to get rid of various. After the seeds are rinsed in water and a solution of growth regulators and fertilizers is lowered.

It is possible to offer such a variant of the solution. Dilute in one liter of water liquid humate sodium (dosage according to the instructions), Ideal fertilizer (1 tsp), nitrophoska or wood ash (1 tsp).

The temperature of the solution should be from 24 to 27 degrees. Seeds in gauze bags are kept in such a solution for about 24 hours, and then allowed to hatch for 1-2 days. Sowing such seeds reduces the time of emergence of seedlings by almost half.

Sowing

For pick up containers of small volume (5 cm in diameter) or plastic cups, which are filled with the universal soil "Terra Vita" or Microparnik.

But earth mixture can be prepared on your own from sod land, humus and peat. The seeding depth is 1 cm. The first seedlings appear on the 6-10th day if the temperature is maintained at 23-25 ​​degrees Celsius.

Do not over water the seedlings, because high humidity soil, a black leg disease can occur, due to which they can die most of plants.

As a preventive measure, you can spray the surface of the soil and seedlings with phytosporin. One at a time, young peppers are seated when 3-4 leaves are formed on them.

On the garden plot seedlings are planted when the earth at a depth of 10 cm warms up to 15 degrees.

The beds prepared for this crop should be 70 to 80 cm wide and located in a well-lit area. To get a good harvest, peppers need stable, fairly moderate watering.

But be sure to make sure that there is no drying and excessive moisture. it is desirable to carry out in the morning and not cold water.

Take note: with a lack of moisture, the fruits decrease in size, the yield decreases, and the stems become woody.

If the summer is worth heat, then it is advisable to mulch the ground around the plants with peat, 3 to 5 cm high. This will protect the roots from overheating, reduce the drying of the soil and prevent the appearance of weeds.

Sweet peppers are usually fed once every two or three weeks. mineral fertilizers with full set elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) and trace elements. During mass flowering and the formation of fruits, it is very good to carry out top dressing on the leaves (foliar).

For this, an infusion of ash (1 cup per 10 liters of water) or microfertilizers (instruction) is suitable. The ground around the peppers is loosened regularly, but not deep, since the roots of the pepper are located at a depth of 10 cm.

Low varieties do not require special formation. They only remove shoots without flowers and fruits, side shoots below the branching of the main shoot.

Varieties and hybrids of medium and high growth must be attached to supports or with twine to a trellis. Such varieties are formed in two trunks.

You will learn all the secrets in growing peppers from the following video: