Germination of flax, wheat and cucumber seeds at home. Technology of germination of various crops

One of simple ways to determine the germination of seeds and accelerate their growth is to germinate the seeds. The creativity of gardeners is limitless and every year they come up with new ways to quickly germinate seeds. And we will tell you the most original ones, which will not only help germinate the seeds before planting, but also give a 100% result.

Seed germination methods

1. How to quickly germinate seeds with spacers

The method is quite original, but nevertheless vital and gives good results.

To germinate seeds before planting, you will need:

• sanitary napkin;
• seeds;
• scissors;
• water.

Take a regular sanitary napkin and make a small cut in the top layer.

Open the top layer and lay the seeds ready for germination on the inner layer gaskets.

cover the seeds top layer laying and plentifully fields it with water.

Seed Germination Conditions - For fast and good germination, place the seed pad in a warm and bright place. Be sure to monitor the moisture content of the sanitary napkin. In a couple of days you will see the result of seed germination for seedlings. Germinating seeds will begin to germinate on the second day, and bad ones simply will not germinate.

Fold a piece of gauze in two layers and spread the seeds on it. Then at any plastic cover pour some warm water and put gauze with seeds in it.

Put everything in plastic bag and put in a warm place, for example, near the battery. The seed germination temperature should be high.

At the same time, be sure to maintain humidity and spray the gauze with seeds with water from a spray bottle.

By the way, sometimes the question arises - is it necessary to germinate the seeds? In general, there is no such mandatory need. This is just a way to test seeds for germination and speed up their development. And how do you achieve 100% germination of purchased seeds?

Before you start growing, they ask themselves the question: the need to germinate seeds before planting.

Proper preparation of seedlings will ensure a fertile harvest, tasty fruits, and also eliminate possible diseases. There are a number of factors that can lead to the death of planting material before it germinates:

• infection on the seeds themselves;
• soil infection;
• increased density of the soil and its oversaturation with salts;
• deep sowing;
• excessive moisture;
• dangerous.

In order to avoid such problems, it is better to prepare the seeds in a special way, providing them with more stable immunity. Germination plays an important role in this.

Important! If seeds are properly germinated before sowing, yields can increase by up to 30 percent.

And this is not an exaggeration, especially if you sow directly into the ground when there is a danger of harm. In this case, the germinated seedlings germinate much faster, and the pests do not have time to attack the unaccepted material.

What you need to know about choosing seeds

Before you start preparing seeds for planting, they need to be selected correctly. There are a few things to keep in mind when buying seedlings:

• climatic conditions (may differ in cultivation in certain regions);
• manufacturer (imported varieties may not take root in our weather conditions);
• shelf life;
• sign F1 (means resistance to diseases and productivity);
• purpose of seeds (for greenhouse conditions or vegetable garden)
• early or late varieties (depending on the harvest period).

Sample

Seeds are placed in a transparent container with impregnation and put in a warm place for a day. After processing, dry them thoroughly enough and proceed to the next step.

seed soaking

Before germinating tomatoes from seeds, it is advisable to soak them. For this purpose, take glass jar or plastic box with warm water. Seedlings are wrapped in gauze and placed in a container. Water should not completely cover the grains (preferably half).

It takes 12 hours for the whole process. In this case, the water should be changed 3 times.

Gauze with seeds also periodically needs to be taken out of the water so that they can breathe oxygen.

Soaking smoothly turns into the germination of future tomatoes. This promotes plant growth and guarantees more early harvest. For this procedure, the seeds are laid out on a plate covered with moistened gauze or soft, damp paper.

Important! During germination, the room should be warm (about +20 degrees).

When doing this, it is important to maintain balance and ensure that the fabric does not dry out and is not too wet.

Before germinating tomatoes from seeds, it is advisable to harden them. Since tomatoes are a heat-loving crop, hardening will help them adapt more easily to adverse conditions. weather conditions. Seedlings from such prepared seeds cope better with temperature changes, and tomatoes develop much faster. Bushes obtained from hardened seeds bloom earlier and yield 40-50% more.

The principle of this procedure is that the seedlings are affected different temperatures. First, the germinated seeds are placed in the refrigerator and kept there for 12 hours. The temperature is not higher than +2 degrees. After that, for 12 hours, the grains are heated at +20 degrees.

Did you know? In some countries, a tomato is called an apple. The French called it the "apple of love", and the Germans called it the "apple of paradise".

It is enough to carry out the procedure 2-3 times for a tangible effect.

How to germinate tomato seeds for seedlings in toilet paper

The method of germinating tomatoes from seeds can be safely attributed to modern know-how. Positive points on the face:

• the ability to avoid seeds;
• minimum required space;
• the ability to determine the strongest sprouts.

There are several options for such germination with their positive and negative points.
1st way. WITH . This is the simplest and fast option. The bottle must be cut lengthwise and put paper moistened with water on the bottom. Distribute seedlings on it. Cover the bottle with a plastic bag, creating a semblance. And be sure to make holes in it for oxygen to enter. The container is best placed in the sun.

This method clearly demonstrates how you can germinate tomatoes from seeds in toilet paper fast and easy. The method is very convenient in that it does not require watering, since a greenhouse effect is formed in an enclosed space. Sprouts should appear on the third day.

2nd way. With oilcloth. Oilcloth should be cut into strips 10 cm wide, soaked paper should be laid on them. Spread the grains on top at a distance of about 4 cm from each other. In the next layer, repeat the paper and oilcloth. Carefully roll the entire “construction” into a roll and tie it with an elastic band. All bundles should be placed in a container with water (about two fingers from the bottom) and, as in the first option, covered with a bag. 3rd way. With laminate lining. This option is similar to the previous one, only a more porous laminate lining is used. In the same way, "rolls" are knitted and placed in the water. As soon as the tomatoes germinate, they are planted in the ground.

Germination period of tomato seeds

The answer to the question, after how many days do tomato seeds sprout, worries many beginners. This is not surprising, since knowing this information, you can clearly set the time when you need to sow seedlings.

Tomato seedlings have almost the same germination period. Dry grains when planting in open ground will sprout no earlier than 10 days later.

You can speed up this process if you give the material a special treatment with soaking, changing temperatures, and so on. In this case, the seeds will hatch in 5±1 or 7±1 days, depending on the variety and quality. But at the same time, the temperature must be maintained at a level not lower than +20 degrees. In cold air, the germination period will be delayed for several days.

Important! Pay attention to planting depth. The deeper the seed is in the ground, the longer it will take to reach the light.

Planting dates for tomato seeds

In order for tomato seedlings at home to give a bountiful harvest, it is important to choose the right period when it is favorable to sow seeds. In this matter, will come to the rescue. Suitable for growing vegetables for seedlings are the days when the young Moon is under the influence of signs that favor fertility, namely: Cancer, Libra, Scorpio, Pisces or Aries.

If for some reason it was not possible to plant tomatoes these days, in lunar calendar there are still conditionally favorable days on which you can also sow.

Before planting the seeds in open ground, for a start they are placed at home in containers with earth. Only one seed is dipped into each cup to a depth of about 1 centimeter and watered periodically.

It is better to plant already sprouted seedlings, which, after soaking, sprouts appear after 5-7 days. After that, they are transferred to containers with soil.
Further care requires timely until the transplant to the greenhouse or garden.

Planting should be carried out very carefully so as not to damage the roots of the seedlings. At the same time, it is very important to comply temperature regime and ventilate in time to avoid the appearance of a black leg.

If you follow these rules, the appearance of sprouts will not be long in coming.

Landing in the soil

When planting tomatoes in a greenhouse or open ground, you need to focus on climatic conditions and the area where they will grow. If we take into account the generally accepted terms, then it is customary to plant seedlings in the first half of March (until the 15th), under a film in open ground - in the second part of March - early April. Tomatoes are planted in open ground, as a rule, already in June.

Before planting, a couple of lower leaves should be cut off from plants so that they can be deepened a little. Seedlings need to be pulled out of the pot and, together with the clod of earth in which it grew, transferred to the hole. Previously, the earth in the recess must be fertilized. One tablespoon of special ones is enough, for example, Signor Tomato.
It is necessary to deepen the stem into the ground by 10-15 cm. Before filling the hole, put it on its side and water it abundantly several times. Water must penetrate deep into the soil so that the roots of the tomatoes tend to follow it. Then the pit is sprinkled with earth, and the seedlings lie for some time so that the stem does not sink deep into the cold soil.

After sprinkling with earth, the plant to the peg. Watering from above is no longer necessary to avoid crusting.

After that, it remains only for them to feed on time and wait for the harvest.

What to do if tomato seeds do not germinate

It is not uncommon for sown grains to remain in the ground without germinating. This is a call to pay attention to possible mistakes made during sowing.

• What could delay the germination of seedlings and how to fix it.
• Low temperature for the emergence of sprouts. At optimal temperature+21 degrees, an error of a few degrees prevents the seeds from breaking through. This can be corrected by creating favorable temperature conditions.
• High humidity earth. in wet soil planting material may suffocate from lack of oxygen. In this case, it is worth giving Special attention the quality of the soil mixture, as well as reduce watering

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With the onset of spring, many gardeners, especially beginners, are wondering: “How to germinate the seeds of a particular crop?” When sprouting, everyone wants everything to be on highest level however, this depends on several factors. Often, without understanding the process of germination, many make mistakes, due to which it is not possible to achieve desired result. Therefore, when germinating seeds, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the seed, the conditions in which germination will be carried out, as well as the timing of germination.

Preparing seeds for planting

Preparing the seeds for planting, they must be sorted out and disinfected.

Sorting is done in order to select complete and undamaged buds.

Seed sorting:

What does plasma seed treatment mean?

Seed disinfection:

1. Carrot seeds are disinfected in heated water (50°C) by holding them for 20 minutes. Then they must be cooled in cold water.
2. Watermelon, melon and peas are dried in drying cabinet for 5 hours, periodically they must be stirred and the temperature raised to 60 ° C.
3. Tomatoes and cucumbers are disinfected in a solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate), which is prepared in a ratio of 1 g per 100 ml of water, then the seeds are washed 2-3 times in running water.
4. Cabbage is kept for 20 minutes in water heated to 55 °.

disinfection is very important point so that when planting, fungal and viral diseases do not enter the soil.

The most common sprouting methods

There are several well-known sprouting methods:

The most productive tomato seeds of Siberian selection

Advantages and disadvantages

Sprouting seeds allows you to make up for lost time if crops are planted a little later than necessary, and also allows you to determine the percentage of germination. Basically everything is germinated, with the exception of crops with very small seeds, as well as those that quickly germinate after sowing.

Many horticultural crops not so easy to grow and cause a lot of questions for beginner gardeners. It is not enough just to buy a bag of seeds, pour them into the substrate, water and wait for the harvest. In conditions middle lane almost all plants go through a seedling period, and some also need preliminary actions, such as germination.

Why and how to germinate seeds?

From the starting stage, at which the seedlings hatch, depends on how fruitful the year will be. And therefore, every summer resident is looking for ways that can help with this. Sprouting seeds is one such tactic that increases the chances of maximizing survival and fruiting of desired crops. Basically, it is used specifically for vegetables, a little less often engaged in the germination of seeds of flowers and shrubs.

What needs to be clarified here is the importance pre-treatment. In order not to waste energy in vain, the seeds are selected by any of the known methods. The primary check is a visual one, where all the material that has damage on the shell is swept aside. Then the test begins with a variety of solutions. Salt is best known. But it is worth knowing that after this the seeds must be washed several times in clean water. Leaving salty liquid on them will slow down the germination process.

Terms are indicated for each culture separately, but general requirement- plant as soon as the first shoots emerge. In this case, the seeds will have to be carefully separated using sharp tweezers. After all, they are mostly intertwined during germination, and the seedlings are very fragile.

Temperature and humidity are key factors to be observed. The latter should be consistently high, which is achieved by simple spraying. And the temperature is set individually. In particular, greens are enough 4 degrees above zero, beets will already need 5 degrees, and beans all 15. At the same time, these figures are the lower bar, which is unacceptable to cross. General temperature requirement- 23-28 degrees for all crops.

How to germinate pepper seeds?

• Bulgarian pepper belongs to those crops that cannot do without preliminary stimulation before planting. This plant does not always take root in the ground, even after going through the seedling stage, and therefore needs especially careful preparation. Here, the whole process, in fact, has 4 development options, which are sometimes even combined.
• In addition to the most preferred germination, dressing, work with chemical growth stimulants, as well as hardening are practiced. low temperatures. Often, seeds are soaked in 1% potassium permanganate, diluted with water to a faint shade. But often it alone is not enough, so all other methods are used.
• Initially, of course, it is worth determining the timing of planting in the ground, and then find out the moment when you can start preparing the seeds. For early varieties this is an interval of 45 days, for mid-season - at 60-65. If all the conditions for germination are carried out correctly, there will be no problems with seedlings, and seedlings will appear quickly enough.
• The first step is the selection of seeds according to their size and condition: only large, undamaged elements that have not undergone drying are suitable for sowing. They undergo a disinfection procedure, in potassium permanganate 1% (1 g of powder per 100 ml of water), after which they are washed with clean running water.
• The most elementary thing that can be done to stimulate the swelling of seeds is to lower them into water heated to 53 degrees. The temperature should be maintained for 20 minutes, so it is advisable to use a thermos or other container that can maintain the set value.
• After that, a piece of cloth (preferably flannel) is wetted in the same water, seeds are carefully placed on it, and the rag is wrapped. Having placed it in any shallow container (for example, on a saucer), you need to place it under the refrigerator. The seeds will lie there for 5-7 hours, and then they are advised to treat them with Novosil for 20 minutes. After these steps, the pepper seeds are ready for planting.
• There is a different algorithm of actions: small cups are filled with earth, after which the substrate is moistened. Seeds are distributed one by one over the soil, and then spilled with a solution of the Zircon preparation. Dosage - per 100 ml of water no more than 4 drops of the product. Another layer of earth 4 cm thick is added to each cup, which is carefully compacted. Capacities in vertical position cleaned in any box or box that can be put on a plastic bag. It is worth breathing a little into it, increasing the proportion carbon dioxide. Then the ends of the bag are tied, keeping the air inside, and it is placed in any warm place. It is impossible to untie until the very appearance of the first shoots. The temperature during the entire period of germination is kept above the mark of 13 degrees.