What temperature should be in the apartment in winter according to the norms. Temperature regime for newborns

In the autumn winter period when the temperature drops to 8 degrees and below, and keeps at this mark for more than five days in a row, organs local government announce Start heating season.

Unfortunately, a rare service provider has clearly regulated heating system.
When the temperature in the apartment differs little from the temperature outside the window, or vice versa, the batteries are red-hot and even open windows do not really save, you should not sit idly by. Guided SNiPOM(sanitary rules and regulations), refer to public utilities with a claim.

Heating standard

To protect your own interests and in order to pay for quality, not numbers on the receipt, check out the existing standards admissible and for the period heating season:

• 25 degrees in showers and bathrooms rooms, as cold and high adversely affect human health. However, it is also possible 18 , and 26 degrees in extreme norm values. The same regulation is established for rooms that combine a toilet and a bathroom;
• norm for residential premises - 20 — 22 degrees, let's assume a spread from 18 before 24 degrees;
• in toilet and kitchen lower limit of normal 18 degrees, top 26 degrees;
• in rooms located at the corners of buildings - from 20 degrees;
• on the stairwells allowed temperature from 14 before 20 degrees;
• cellars and attics - 4 degrees of heat.

Important: at the request of the customer-builder flights of stairs may not be heated if the apartments have heating systems. The same applies to areas with favorable climatic conditions, where the winter temperature does not fall below five degrees. ( SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning").

Families with children should take into account that for the healthy development of the child should be at least 21 degrees, for newborns - from 24 degrees and higher. If necessary, you can get the degrees with the help of autonomous heaters.

But if heating season came, and when you come home, you take off your fur coat and put on a sheepskin coat and felt boots - measure room temperature.

How to take measurements correctly?

First of all, stock up on patience and a thermometer. In each room with a frequency of 60 minutes, the temperature should be measured at an altitude of one and a half meters from the floor and meters from outer wall rooms. Be sure to compose Act measurements taken in 2 copies.

It should be noted that, according to Government Decree No. 354, at night the deviation can be up to three degrees from the norm, and in the daytime - from five morning until twelve night, it is forbidden to lower the temperature below the maximum permissible values.

Minimum 18 degrees for residential and 20 for residential corner rooms, in other rooms - according to the standards. Exceeding the maximum permitted temperature is allowed no more than on 4 degrees.

Advice: if an accident occurs on the heating main, the heat supply to the apartments should not be interrupted for more than 16 hours. During the month, the total number of hours without heating should not be over 24.

In the event of a temperature violation, cooperate with neighbors and take measurements throughout the heating tower. The indicators of several apartments will be a strong argument for recalculating the cost of heating.

When the drafted act falls into the hands of representatives of the housing and communal services, a examination quality. Utilities will form a commission and conduct measurements on one's own.

Since it is not in their interests to recalculate for a service that does not comply with regulations, it may turn out that on the day the commission arrives, your apartment will look like a tropical paradise.

In this case, signed by neighbors will come in handy. Act. The possibility is not ruled out judicial conflict resolution.

Be sure to check the certificate of the device, which the commission will use to measure, register and verify it. The error of the device should not exceed the parameter in 0,1 degrees. The actions of the committee must be "Method of control" GOST 30494-96, paragraph 4:

• measurements are made at outdoor temperature air no higher than 5 degrees;
• in clear weather during daylight hours, measurements are not taken;
• during manual measurements. temperature is recorded at least three times with an interval of 5 minutes;
• in automatic mode, indicators are taken within 2 hours;
• average value measurements are taken as the final temperature.

When fixing the supply of services inadequate quality, to restore the standard temperature regime is given no more than seven calendar days.

Note: in case of deviation of the maximum permissible parameters, the recalculation for heating is 0,15% from the cost of the service for each degree of deviation of the billing period.

It may happen that the heat supply to the apartment is in accordance with the design standards, but more comfortable it doesn't come from it. In this case, you should pay attention to the thermal contour of housing - everything that, one way or another, borders on the outer perimeter of the premises.

How to achieve the optimal temperature in the apartment?

First of all, make sure windows and doors are reliably join with walls. Even small gaps contribute to the cooling of the premises. If joints leaky, insulate with any improvised means, including cotton wool and adhesive tape.

Owners of modern split systems you just need to set a certain temperature parameter, and smart technology will provide comfort.

If the thermal circuit hermetic, and the operators of the boiler room conscientiously fulfill their duties, timely ventilation will save from stuffiness. So the degree will drop, and the rooms fresh air will be filled.

For lack of a better way, you can use either gas. True, you will have to catch up with the temperature to the norm at your own expense, in addition to the heating bill.

On sale appeared thermostats, the principle of operation of which is similar to the algorithm of split systems, but the regulator is connected to the main coolant. Third party resources such as electricity, not involved

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APPROVED
by the decision of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor Russian Federation
dated "10" 06 2010 No. _64_
Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises

Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations
SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10

General provisions and scope

1.1. Sanitary rules and regulations (hereinafter - sanitary rules) are developed in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
1.2. These sanitary rules establish mandatory sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises, which must be observed when placing, designing, reconstructing, constructing and operating residential buildings and premises intended for permanent residence.
1.3. The requirements of these sanitary regulations do not apply to living conditions in the buildings and premises of hotels, hostels, specialized homes for the disabled, orphanages, shift camps.
1.4 Sanitary rules are intended for citizens, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities, whose activities are related to the design, construction, reconstruction and operation of residential buildings and premises, as well as for bodies authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.
1.5. Control over compliance with the requirements of these sanitary rules is carried out by bodies authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Hygienic requirements for the site and territory of residential buildings when they are placed

2.1. Residential buildings should be located in a residential area in accordance with master plan territory, functional zoning the territory of the city, town and other settlements.
2.2. The land allocated for the placement of residential buildings must:
- be located outside the territory of industrial and communal, sanitary protection zones of enterprises, structures and other objects, the first zone of the zone of sanitary protection of water supply sources and drinking water pipelines;
- meet the requirements for the content of potentially dangerous for humans chemical and biological substances, biological and microbiological organisms in the soil, quality atmospheric air, level ionizing radiation, physical factors (noise, infrasound, vibration, electromagnetic fields) in accordance with the sanitary legislation of the Russian Federation.
2.3. The land plot allotted for the construction of a residential building should provide for the possibility of organizing a house adjoining territory with a clear functional zoning and placement of recreation areas, playgrounds, sports, utility sites, guest parking lots, green spaces.
2.4. When landscaping the adjacent territory of residential buildings, it must be taken into account that the distance from the walls of residential buildings to the axis of tree trunks with a crown with a diameter of up to 5 m should be at least 5 m. For trees bigger size the distance should be more than 5 m, for shrubs - 1.5 m. The height of shrubs should not exceed the lower edge of the window opening of the ground floor premises.
2.5. There should be no transit traffic along the intra-yard driveways of the local area. It is necessary to provide an entrance for special vehicles to the sites of garbage collectors.
2.6. Distances between residential, residential and public, as well as industrial buildings should be taken in accordance with the hygienic requirements for insolation and sun protection of residential and public buildings and territories.
2.7. When placing residential buildings, their provision is provided engineering networks(electric lighting, household and drinking and hot water supply, heating and ventilation, and in gasified areas - gas supply).
2.8. On the land plots Entrances and passages to each building should be provided. Places for parking or garages for cars must comply with hygiene requirements to sanitary protection zones and sanitary classification of enterprises, structures and other objects.

On the adjoining territories it is forbidden to wash cars, drain fuel and oils, adjust sound signals, brakes and engines.
2.9. Areas in front of the entrances of houses, driveways and footpaths must have hard surfaces. When installing hard coatings, the possibility of free flow of melt and storm water should be provided.
2.10. It is forbidden to place any trade and catering establishments on the territory of the courtyards of residential buildings, including tents, kiosks, stalls, mini-markets, pavilions, summer cafes, production facilities, minor car repairs, household appliances, shoes, as well as parking lots of public organizations.
2.11. Cleaning of the territory should be carried out daily, including in the warm season - watering the territory, in winter time- anti-icing measures (removal, sprinkling with sand, anti-icing reagents, etc.).
2.12. The territory of the courtyards of residential buildings should be illuminated in the evening. Lighting standards are given in Appendix 1 to these sanitary rules.

Hygienic requirements for residential premises and public premises located in residential buildings

3.1. Placement of residential premises of apartments in the basement and basement floors is not allowed.
3.2. It is allowed to place public premises, engineering equipment and communications in residential buildings, subject to hygienic standards for noise, infrasound, vibration, and electromagnetic fields.
in basements and basement floors such residential buildings, it is allowed to build built-in and built-in-attached parking lots for cars and motorcycles, subject to tightness ceilings and equipment of the device for removal exhaust gases vehicles.
3.3. Public premises built into residential buildings must have entrances isolated from the residential part of the building.
3.4. Accommodation is not allowed industrial productions.
3.5. When placing parking garages under residential buildings, it is necessary to separate them from the residential part of the building by a non-residential floor. Placement above the garages of premises for working with children, premises for medical and preventive purposes is not allowed.
3.6. In residential buildings of any number of storeys on the first, basement or basement floors, a pantry for storing cleaning equipment, equipped with a sink, should be provided. It is allowed to arrange pantries with an area of ​​​​at least 3 m² / person for residents of the house: household, for storing vegetables, as well as for solid fuel. At the same time, the exit from the floor where the pantries are located must be isolated from the residential part. The laying of sewer networks in utility storerooms is prohibited.
3.7. Public premises built into residential buildings must have entrances isolated from the residential part of the building, while parking areas for staff vehicles must be located outside the local area.
Loading materials, products for public premises from the courtyard of a residential building, where windows and entrances to apartments are located, is not allowed. Loading should be carried out: from the ends of residential buildings that do not have windows; from underground tunnels or closed landing stages; from the highways.
It is allowed not to arrange loading rooms with an area of ​​built-in public rooms up to 150 m².
3.8. In apartments it is not allowed:
- the location of bathrooms and toilets directly above the living rooms and kitchens, with the exception of two-level apartments, in which it is allowed to place a toilet and a bathroom (or shower) directly above the kitchen;
- fastening of devices and pipelines sanitary facilities directly to the enclosing structures of the living room, inter-apartment walls and partitions, as well as to their extensions outside living rooms.
3.9. It is not allowed to arrange an entrance to a room equipped with a toilet bowl directly from the kitchen and living rooms, with the exception of the entrance from the bedroom to the combined bathroom, provided that the apartment has a second room equipped with a toilet bowl, with an entrance to it from the corridor or hall.
3.10. Residential buildings with a height of more than five floors must be equipped with elevators (freight and passenger). When equipping the house with elevators, the dimensions of one of the cabins should provide the possibility of transporting a person on a stretcher or wheelchair.
3.11. Above the living rooms, under them, and also adjacent to them, it is not allowed to place the engine room and elevator shafts, the garbage collection chamber, the trunk of the garbage chute and the device for cleaning and washing it, the electrical panel room.

Do you love cool air and completely tortured your loved ones with constant drafts and open windows, or vice versa, are you a heat-loving person and torment them with exhausting heat? Let's figure out what temperature is the most comfortable and optimal for your home.

Air temperature in the apartment

The air temperature in the apartment is one of the most important factors of the microclimate. in different climatic zones optimal temperature parameters different. So for a hot climate it is 17-19 0С, for a moderate one from 18 to 20 0С and in cold conditions 20-22 0С. Discomfort and poor health can be observed at a temperature of 24 0C or more.

But, of course, the optimal temperature regime is the one in which the inhabitants of the living quarters feel comfortable.

According to SNiP, the minimum allowable temperature during the heating season in an apartment is threshold at 18 0C. Most of people experience a state of thermal comfort at a temperature in 21-25 degrees Celsius. But for different groups population, this figure fluctuates. So studies have shown that for women and children optimum temperature indoor air is at the level of 23-25 ​​0С, and for the male population - 21-23 0С.

Hygienists, together with psychologists, have developed their own simple rules and conditions under which the temperature in the living room will approach the maximum comfortable conditions. According to their calculations normal temperature air in the house should be within 18-24 degrees Celsius. It is this temperature of heat that will provide the most acceptable for the human body.

The temperature in the apartment for different rooms

Sanitary standards it is advised to adhere to the following temperature regimes.

The concept of the magnitude of temperature differences horizontally and vertically in residential buildings. Moving around the apartment, a person should not feel the temperature difference. This is possible if the horizontal temperature fluctuations are within 2-3 0С.

How to measure the temperature in a room

The temperature in the room is measured at inner wall at a distance of 1m from outer wall and 1.5 m from the floor.

The regulations are valid only after the heating season. Before him - there are no standards - warm yourself as best you can!

Hot water temperature in the apartment

And the temperature hot water should be all year round- not lower than +50 and not higher than +70 degrees (according to the sanitary norms and rules of SNiP 2.08-01-89 "Residential buildings"). Measure it at an open tap by immersing the thermometer in a glass under running water.

The temperature in the apartment does not meet the standards: what to do?

If the temperature in the apartment during the heating season does not meet the standards, you can write an application to your DEZ with a request for verification. For this, a caretaker technician or an engineer of the local deza usually comes. After checking the batteries or the plumbing system, an act is drawn up in two copies, one of which remains with the owner of the apartment. If the complaints are confirmed, the public utilities undertake to fix everything within 1 to 7 days.

In a previous article, we talked about , which is used for one purpose only: to reduce heat loss. Today we will answer the question of how many degrees should be in the apartment according to regulations. This value is regulated by two legal documents: GOST and SNIP. Values ​​are set separately for each room of the apartment. These requirements must be met taking into account the error up or down. Unfortunately, both the lower and upper possible limits are outside the comfortable room temperature range.

What air temperature should be in the apartment - norms

In winter, the thermometer should show at least 18 degrees (+/- error).

In the question of how many degrees should be in the apartment, everything is somewhat more complicated than it seems at first glance. Everyone has heard the average value of at least 18 degrees for the entire living area. In fact, the air temperature value is set separately for each room, depending on its purpose.

The state documents clearly state what the temperature in the apartment should be in winter. The norm is determined by two regulations:

• GOST R-51617-2000;
• SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10.

These documents have two classifications: what should be the temperature in the apartment in winter according to the norm, and what should be in summer. In addition, the documents give the value of the optimal and allowable temperature. Naturally, service companies take as a basis the allowable limits, acting within the framework of the law. If even these minimum scores you need to contact the relevant authorities so that they take action.

Often, the comfortable temperature in an apartment for an individual does not coincide with the requirements of legal acts. If you are cold, please buy . If it is too hot, then you can adjust the temperature of the radiators using a thermal head, but you will still pay in full. To pay only for the heat that you used, you need to install .

Let's figure out what a comfortable temperature in the apartment, according to the state regulatory documentation, should be in different rooms:

• room - allowable 18-24 degrees, optimal 20-22 degrees. At -30 degrees overboard for five days minimum temperature should be 20 degrees;
• kitchen and toilet - optimal 19-21 degrees, permissible 18-26 degrees;
• bathroom or combined bathroom - optimal 24-26 degrees, permissible 18-26 degrees.

The air temperature in the apartment during the heating season, established by norms and standards, may vary by an allowable error. At night, a decrease of no more than 3 degrees is allowed, as well as an increase of a maximum of 4 degrees at any time of the day.

The decrease in temperature is associated with heat loss through cold bridges.

Separately, there are norms for a common corridor, landing and storerooms. There the thermometer should show at least 15 degrees. Normally, the comfortable temperature in the apartment is closely related to the volume of air exchange. For living rooms, this value is set at 3 cubic meters per hour for each square meter of the room. In the kitchen, the norm is set regardless of its area and is 60 cubic meters per hour, no less. In a bathroom with a separate toilet, the amount of supply air and, accordingly, exhaust air should be 25 cubic meters per hour. If the bathroom is combined, then the values ​​\u200b\u200bare summed up.

The regulatory documents establish norms not only for what temperature should be in the house in winter, but also in summer. In this case, the maximum is set, which is 28 degrees. But, even if this value is exceeded, no one can help you, only you yourself. The temperature norm in an apartment in winter according to SanPiN is determined in tandem with the value of air humidity and speed of movement air currents. This applies only to living rooms in which the humidity should not exceed 60%, optimal value 30-45%. For other premises, this indicator is not standardized. The movement of air flows should not exceed 2 m/s.

Factors that affect the temperature regime

Adjustment of heating of a radiator by means of a thermal head.

We have already figured out what air temperature should be in the apartment and found out the value of the error up or down. Now let's figure out what this error can be caused by, that is, a decrease or increase in temperature. Knowing the reasons, we will be able to answer the question of how to increase the temperature in the apartment or lower it, based on our own preferences. What determines the readings of the internal thermometer:

• the amount of heat loss;
• battery capacity;
• coolant speed in the heating system;
• wiring of the heating system.

No matter how comfortable the temperature in the apartment is, there will still be someone who is too cold or too hot. Well, even in an apartment with central heating It is possible to regulate the degree of heating of the air.

Even if utility companies comply with all the conditions of GOST, it can still be cold in your home due to high heat losses.

So, you need to exclude them as much as possible so that the temperature in the apartment in the winter is within normal limits. You have probably noticed how many people now insulate the outer walls with foam plastic, thereby reducing heat loss. By the way, the first step should be to replace old windows with modern energy-saving double-glazed windows.

The type of radiators and their volume also largely determine what (optimal or not) the temperature in the apartment will be. Naturally, the larger the battery, the warmer. At the same time, it is impossible to arbitrarily increase the number of sections, since the stability of the entire system depends on this. An increase in the volume of heat exchangers can lead to a decrease in the speed of the coolant. What is the risk? When the pressure drops, the batteries can heat up only partially, or they can be completely cold. In this case, it will not work to achieve the optimal air temperature in the apartment.

The decrease in pressure entails a drop in the speed of the coolant. The slower it moves, the more time to lose heat before it reaches you. Accordingly, one can only dream about the optimal temperature in the apartment in winter, as is the case with incorrect circuit wiring. Not only can errors be made in as well as their assembly, it is also possible to connect the batteries incorrectly. As a result and the bottom is hot.

How to raise or lower the temperature in the apartment

The ball valve is closed on the supply.

How many degrees should be in the house? According to GOST in the room lower limit, taking into account the nighttime error, is 15 degrees. You wouldn't wish that kind of comfort on your enemy. Naturally, it is useless to complain in this case, because the requirements of the standard are met, so people begin to independently regulate the temperatures in their homes. When it's cold, everyone actively insulates, changes windows and closes cracks. As a last resort, you can include

But what to do if the normal temperature in the apartment in winter is 28 degrees, which is quite real. Maximum permissible value 24 degrees plus the error of 4 degrees prescribed in GOST.

If the batteries have thermal heads, then there is no problem, you just need to set the required value and that's it.

And what if they are not? Live with open window not comfortable, as cold air pulls hard on the floor. If there are children, then this option is excluded, and for adults this state of affairs is clearly not healthy.

What other options:

• slightly turn off the tap in front of the battery;
• install .

By closing the ball valve in front of the radiator, you will reduce the amount of water supplied. It is not recommended to do this, but when you really need it, you have to. Just keep in mind that in this mode shut-off valves will last much less. The air recuperator allows you to create the necessary air circulation, while supply air enters the room already heated.

Comfortable temperature in the apartment in winter

We found out that the optimal temperature in the house in winter according to GOST and SNIP is 20-22 degrees. At the same time, the permissible framework is from 18 to 26 degrees, depending on the intended purpose of the room. For the kitchen, bathroom and room, the norms are different. The deviation from the table values ​​is 3 degrees down and 4 degrees up. Regrettably, but according to the law, if your house is only 15 degrees Celsius, then there can be no claims against the utility company on your part. The same is true if you have an apartment in winter, as in Tashkent on the street in summer (+30). The salvation of the drowning is the work of the drowning themselves.

From 01/01/2017, all employers and employees are required to comply with the new Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Physical Factors at Workplaces SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 (approved by Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated 06/21/2016 No. 81). They replaced SanPiN 2.2.4.1191-03, SanPiN 2.1.8/2.2.4.2490-09, Appendix 3 to SanPiN 2.2.2/2.4.1340-03. The updated sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations (SanPiNakh) define the standards for the impact of such physical factors as:

• microclimate;
• vibration;
• electric, magnetic, electromagnetic fields;
• workplace lighting, etc.

Standards are the maximum permissible levels of factors. Their impact within established limits for an employee working 8 hours a day (no more than 40 hours a week) should not lead to illness or deviations in his state of health (clause 1.4 of SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16).

As indicated above, in connection with the introduction of new rules, some of the previously approved SanPiNs have ceased to be valid since 2017. For example, SanPiN 2.2.4.1191-03 "Electromagnetic fields in production conditions" (p. 2 of the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 06/21/2016 N 81). At the same time, for example, SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 continues to operate in the part that does not contradict SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 (Letter of Rospotrebnadzor dated February 10, 2017 No. 09-2438-17-16). The most pressing issue for both employers and employees is what should be the temperature in the room (at the workplace) according to SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16.

Room temperature at the workplace: norms

SanPiN sets the optimal temperature values ​​​​at the workplace among the indicators of the microclimate. These include (clause 2.2.1 SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16):

• air temperature;
• surface temperature;
• relative humidity;
• air speed;
• intensity of thermal radiation.

The standard values ​​for these indicators are determined separately for the warm and cold seasons. Cold is the time when average daily temperature outside air is +10 °С and below. If the temperature outside is higher, then this is a warm season (clause 2.1.5 of SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16). That is, the temperature regime at the workplace according to SanPiN in summer and winter may differ, but not much. Indeed, at any time of the year, a person needs a heat balance with environment(clause 2.1.1 SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16).

What are the temperature standards office space? Different temperature conditions are provided for workers employed in different types work - depending on the energy consumption of employees. So, for example, workers in the clothing industry, like most office workers, are among those who spend the least energy during the working day - up to 139 watts. They perform category Ia work (Appendix 1 to SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16). They have the following optimal performance microclimate (clause 2.2.5 SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16):

Working hours in the heat according to the Labor Code

We indicated above what the temperature in the room is the norm. Is this the answer to the question at what temperature can you work indoors? Yes, but with certain reservations. Of course, the temperature for the working room in Labor Code not specified. However, it is noted that the employer is obliged to ensure safety and working conditions that comply with state regulatory requirements labor protection (part 2, article 22 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). And the norms established by SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 are one of the binding rules.

• for individual entrepreneurs in the amount of 2 to 5 thousand rubles;
• for an organization - from 50 to 80 thousand rubles.

And violation of sanitary rules and hygiene standards entails a fine (Article 6.3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation):

• for individual entrepreneurs in the amount of 500 to 1000 rubles;
• for an organization - from 10 to 20 thousand rubles.

Or suspension of activities of an individual entrepreneur or legal entity for up to 90 days.