What are the best electric tankless water heaters? Choice by type of control

In one of the previous publications, we have already considered the pros and cons of electric storage and flow type water heaters.

As you now know, DHW cylinders require quite a lot of space for their installation. After all, the minimum recommended volume of such a heater for a family of three with a small child is at least 80 liters.

Flowing water heaters, unlike their capacitive counterparts, are very small in size and the availability of free space for them is not critical at all.

In this article, let's look at what instantaneous electric water heaters are, what is their power, principle of operation, and analyze the main recommendations for choosing a flow-type heater.

Pros and cons of instantaneous electric water heaters

The undoubted advantages of instantaneous water heaters include:

• compactness;
• placement in close proximity to the tapping point, which reduces the heat loss of hot water;
• Unlike a capacitive heater, in a flow heater, electricity is consumed only directly at the moment of water draw-off. In the heater accumulative type electricity is also consumed to maintain the temperature of hot water in the tank;
• the amount of hot water is not limited by the volume of the tank, as with a storage heater;
• more aesthetic appearance;
• the presence of heating control systems depending on the water flow, as well as protection against pressure surges and water boiling when the flow decreases.

As you can see, the advantages are quite significant. Yes, living in small apartment, where every square centimeter is worth its weight in gold, it is not so easy to choose a place to install a 100-liter barrel, which is a capacitive heater.

And fix a small box flow heater next to the kitchen sink or in the bathroom will not be a problem.

A noticeable disadvantage of instantaneous water heaters can be considered the consumption of a very large electric power, which actually allows you to heat water on the fly. Due to the high electrical load, the instantaneous water heater must be connected with a special cable from the electrical panel on the landing. Such a heater cannot simply be plugged into any outlet.

It is this minus that most often deters many buyers who prefer to sacrifice living space in their apartment to install a storage-type heater.

Instantaneous water heater device

A tankless water heater consists of a housing, heating elements, usually consisting of several stages, a temperature controller, a flow sensor and safety automation.

The scheme of instantaneous water heater is shown in the figure below:

The numbers in the figure indicate:
1 - cold water supply; 2 - hot water outlet; 3 – electronic control unit; 4 - heating elements; 5 - remote control (optional).

Water, getting from the water supply to the water heater, first passes through the control unit, which, depending on the water flow, turns on right amount heating elements or turns them off completely in the absence of water in the heater.

Using the control knobs (or the remote control for more advanced models), you can set the desired water temperature at the outlet of the water heater.

Characteristics of instantaneous water heaters

All water heaters of the flow type can be divided into two large groups - pressure, working under pressure, and non-pressure.

Pressure heaters can serve several points of water intake at the same time, the main thing is that the necessary pressure is provided for this.

Non-pressure heaters, as a rule, are installed directly on the tap or have their own watering can in the kit. Such a heater will be able to provide hot water to only one draw-off point.

According to the type of heater operation control, all devices are divided into heaters with hydraulic and electronic control.

Hydraulically controlled heaters have more simple design and the heating element either does not have a power adjustment, or has the possibility of step switching.

The electronic control controls the heating much more flexibly depending on the amount of water flowing through the heater and the set temperature.

How to choose the performance of an instantaneous water heater?

To choose a flowing water heater, you will need to determine its optimal performance, which is expressed in liters per minute and is determined by the formula:

V = 14.3 W / (t2 - t1),

where V is the volume of heated water, l/min;
W – water heater power, kW;
t2 – water temperature at the outlet of the heater, °С;
t1 is the water temperature at the heater inlet, °C.

The temperature in winter can be as low as 5°C, and in summer it can reach up to 10-15°C.
For taking a shower comfortable temperature is approximately 40°C, for washing dishes - 45°C.

Showering requires a flow rate of approximately 4 l/min. Then in winter period time to ensure water heating up to 40 degrees, you need a heater

4 \u003d 14.3 W / (45 - 5)

That is, W will be approximately 11 kW.

Below is a table that allows you to roughly calculate the required parameters of hot water supply for various purposes:

You can also use a simpler calculation of the power of an instantaneous electric water heater. To do this, it is enough to multiply the required flow rate in l / min by 2.

What is the best instantaneous water heater?

When choosing an instantaneous water heater for your apartment, you should proceed not only from the values ​​​​of the provided flow rate and heating temperature, but also pay attention to the ease of use and safety of the device.

Other things being equal, it is better to choose a heater that will have overheating protection, on and heating indication, a water filter, as well as a good package, including the necessary fittings, electrical wire with plug, shower head or regular spout.

Below are summary tables of models of instantaneous water heaters, which are quite suitable for hot water supply for the period of hot water shutdown in the house.

The tables show the dimensions of the heaters, power and price.

Water heatersThermex System

Choosing an instantaneous electric water heater becomes a priority for a demanding household, during planned shutdowns or frequent interruptions in the supply of hot water. As you know, not all houses and apartments have hot water, not to mention summer cottages. For its heating, various devices are used, in particular instantaneous water heaters.

These options have significant differences. The traditional instantaneous electric water heater is more compact and mobile, making it possible to receive hot water anywhere, as long as there is electricity. The choice of such a device will be discussed in the following material.

The presence of a constant source of hot water is one of the main criteria comfortable living. Flow type water heaters are designed to meet the needs of hot water in the absence of other ways to obtain it (centralized supply, gas water heating equipment, and so on).

Instantaneous electric water heater - the purpose of the device

Electric instantaneous water heaters can satisfy a variety of water needs - from one kitchen faucet to small production lines. This requires appropriate values ​​of the electric current parameters. Flow EWHs are mainly used for short-term replacement of a permanent source of hot water supply due to the high cost of heating water with electric energy.

Structural elements

The design of an instantaneous electric water heater, as a rule, is the same in all models and it looks like this. An electric heating element (TEH) is mounted in a metal tank. The tank has two threaded pipes - cold water inlet and hot water outlet. Cranes are installed on the nozzles to enable the removal and repair of equipment. Further, the taps are usually connected with the help of flexible hoses to the networks, respectively, of cold (source) and hot water.

Perhaps the most expensive and important in the device is the heating element - the heating element. Its purpose is to heat the water flowing through the heater. When water pressure is created, the built-in pressure switch is activated in the device. It includes the work of the heating element.

Inside the body, on the body of the copper bulb, there is a thermal cycling interrupter. This is a sensor that ensures the safety of people and the device itself in case of exceeding the maximum allowable temperature water. If the temperature reaches a critical value, the breaker will turn off the heating element.

However, the main problem during the operation of a flow-through EWH is the failure of the heating element due to constant increased thermal and electrical loads. Replacing it does not present any difficulty and does not require special skills, the only negative is that the heating element fails at the most inopportune moment.

You can regulate the temperature of the passing water with a thermostat located on the body of the device. Also, the temperature can be changed by changing the water pressure if the water heater is not equipped with a water pressure stabilizer (in expensive models).

The principle of operation of the instantaneous electric heater

Heating of water is carried out directly at opening of the crane, during passage of a stream of water through a heating element. Water enters the tank, and then it is already heated, it is supplied to the draw-off point. As a standard, an instantaneous electric water heater has an automatic operation system. When the water tap is opened, the heater is switched on, and when the tap is closed, it is turned off.

Flowing electric water heaters have standard automation. A flow sensor is installed on the hydraulic path. Thus, at the beginning of the water intake (opening the mixer), a certain amount of water flow is formed, and the sensor gives a command to turn on the heating element. Accordingly, when the water flow stops, the heating element is also turned off (otherwise it will simply burn out).

The entire device is small in size and enclosed in a decorative plastic case. You can find the use of miniature instantaneous water heaters that are installed directly on the mixers, but due to their fragility and inconvenience of location, the instantaneous water heater on the faucet is of little use.

Most instantaneous water heaters are equipped with mechanisms for regulating the leaving water temperature (either by temperature value or by its range). Electric instantaneous water heaters have a metal case of increased strength and the most saturated safety automation - safety valves, sensors, and so on.

Advantages of instantaneous water heaters

We briefly list all the advantages of flow type heaters:

1. Instantaneous electric water heater can be placed anywhere thanks to its compact size. Even for limited space, you can choose from a huge range of suitable size model.

2. The second plus, a continuation of the first, small dimensions save space and do not take up useful space in the bathroom or kitchen.

3. Fast water heating. It is enough to open the tap, and after a couple of seconds we get warm water. In addition, there is no stagnant water and the possibility of the development of pathogens is cut off, in particular, there are no prerequisites for the emergence of Legionella bacteria.

4. Economical energy consumption due to switching on only after water supply.

5. There are no restrictions on the volume of passing heated water. Probably this advantage should be put in the first place, the instantaneous electric water heater provides comfortable use warm water absolutely not limiting you in time and volume. Water heating takes as long as the whole family needs.

6. It is possible to change the water temperature.

7. Acceptable cost. Instantaneous electric water heater is offered in a large assortment with a focus on different thickness wallet, there are always options where the price has a symbolic meaning.

Disadvantages of instantaneous water heaters

Unfortunately, not everything is so rosy and we have to talk about the disadvantages that an electric instantaneous water heater is endowed with. It is fair to say that the temperature regime is not high, usually the water heating does not exceed 45 ° C. In a cold winter, due to the icy incoming water, the flow can not cope and at the exit we will most likely get a barely warm stream. The flow design usually does not keep up with bringing cold water to the required temperature.

The second significant disadvantage is the need for high-quality wiring from metering devices with automatic plugs to the point of connection of the instantaneous water heater. The power of an electric instantaneous water heater is not small, which will provoke an increased load on the wires, with their further burnout. The bulk of the modifications available to the flowers are sold on store shelves with a power of 8 to 10 kW.

That is why, in old house, most likely it will be necessary to completely replace the wires with an increase in their cross section.Calling the master, with a viewto bring a separate eyeliner from the counter and equip it with a stopper with an automatic machine, will entail additional financial expenses.

With a large consumption of heated water, it is more advisable to install. About energy savings are out of the question if an instantaneous electric water heater is used for a significant amount of liquid. Use a protochnikunder conditions of increased preparation of heated water - means a complete lack of benefit.

Choosing the right water heater

Choosing an instantaneous electric water heater is a feasible task even for a novice in matters of water supply. In order for the model you have chosen to fully satisfy your needs, attention should be paid to the device parameters listed below:

Pressure or non-pressure?

Pressure models are mounted in houses with several water intake points. They crash into breaks in water pipes. As a rule, they differ in more solid dimensions, increased power and high cost. Heating of water joins automatically at opening of any crane of water supply.

Non-pressure models are used at individual water intake points. If the house has several taps where hot water should be, it is recommended to purchase a separate water heater for each of them. Their power usually does not exceed 8 kW. Popular for summer kitchens, country houses, baths.

Single phase or three phase?

Choosing a model for this indicator is quite simple. If the building has one phase, then the device should be bought single-phase. The power of single-phase devices does not exceed 12 kW.
If there are three phases, focus on three-phase heaters with increased power ratings. Their power is usually 10-36 kW.

Power

The intensity of water heating depends on this characteristic, depending on its pressure. We can say that this is the main criterion by which an instantaneous electric water heater is selected for various installation locations. Simple non-pressure models have enough power of the order of 3 kW. It is for this indicator that most compact and inexpensive models are designed. For giving and summer kitchen this is quite enough, unless you plan to use the maximum water pressure in winter.

A standard city apartment will require more power and, in this case, you should purchase a protochnik with an indicator of up to 8 kW. A power of 4.5-6 kW is already enough to provide a solid pressure of hot water all year round.Of course, for complete relaxation in hot tub it will not be enough, but washing the dishes and rinsing in the shower is more than enough.

If, nevertheless, you want to relax in a hot bath and enjoy abundant foam, you should check the possibilities of supplying three-phase electrical wiring, and consider installing a 13 kW instantaneous water heater. More powerful devices can be designed to connect several taps.

Water heater control

The control system can be hydraulic or electronic.

1. Hydraulic system.

It is used in the most simple and inexpensive models. When the user opens the water tap, the first (initial) degree of heating is switched on. When the pressure increases, the heater switches to the second stage. When water stops flowing, the stem moves the valve to the closed position. The disadvantage of such a control system is that weak pressure water, the device may not start working at all.

2. Electronic system.

Used in expensive and powerful models. The operation of the heater is electronically controlled. The water leaving the tap has a strictly specified temperature, regardless of the pressure of the water. The user sets only its desired temperature. The most advanced models can not only maintain the temperature specified in the settings, but are also able to regulate the water pressure.

Focusing on these basic parameters, you can really buy yourself quality water heater and use it with maximum comfort for a very long time.

Installation of instantaneous electric water heater

The instantaneous electric water heater should be placed so that it does not interfere during operation, and splashes do not reach the body of the product. If the purchased model is connected directly to the outlet of the pipeline, stock up on a tee and shutoff valves.

The order of installation measures is carried out in the following sequence:

Connecting the electrical cable to the connection point, do not forget about safety, provide the shield with an additional machine;

Direct mounting of the product to the wall. In some cases, the kit includes an installation template (depending on the model);

We shut off the water in the pipeline, we connect it with the help of pre-purchased spurs, fittings and valves;

We gradually supply cold water and increase the pressure, look at the flow heater - there should be no leaks in it;

We turn on the network and control the performance of heating heating elements.

Professionals advise, at the inlet to the instantaneous electric water heater, to additionally mount a delay filter various kinds debris formed in the pipeline as a result of rust or incoming grains of sand. Protection against small specks will help keep long work device without any damage. heating market specialists

A well-known blogger in a video review will tell you how to mount everything correctly and without errors:

Flow and storage water heaters. What to choose?

It is difficult to imagine comfortable living conditions without hot water. There are many types of water heaters on the market today. In addition to differences in consumed resources (gas or electricity), they are divided into flow and storage. By the name it is already clear that some heat the water immediately, others accumulate it. It may seem that it is better to choose a flowing one, because you do not need to wait until it heats the water. But is it really so? To answer, you should analyze in detail the principle of operation of water heaters.

Instantaneous water heaters

Usually they are called columns if they run on gas. The principle of heating water is simple: water enters the heat exchanger, heats up with a burner, then goes to the desired tap or mixer. It takes time for hot water to reach the end point. It depends on the distance between the mixer and the water heater. Almost all gas The lower it is, the hotter and slower the water goes. If the pressure is minimal, the column may not start.

Electric instantaneous water heaters consume a lot of electricity, it is highly not recommended to install them on poor wiring. The advantage of individual models of gas water heaters is their non-volatility. Piezo ignition or batteries are used for operation.

Electric water heaters benefit from the absence additional elements(chimney) and permits. Flowing water heaters have a big drawback - they cannot be used simultaneously for several mixers. For example, if you open the water in the kitchen, the temperature in the shower will drop.

Storage water heaters

In the common people they are called. As for the differences between gas and electric boilers, they are similar to instantaneous water heaters. The difference is that they consume less electricity. But they also take up more space. But you can use several points at the same time. First you have to wait until the boiler heats up a certain amount of water. But you can set a timer that turns on the water heater at right time. By the way, gas boilers have direct and indirect heating.

The size of the storage water heater depends on the volume of the tank. The more people use hot water, the larger the volume you need to choose. For example, a family from three people You need a tank of 50-100 liters. A smaller volume may not be enough, and a larger one will require additional space. One of the advantages of the boiler is the ability to connect to a heated towel rail. Then it will work even in the summer, when heating is not used.

Conclusion

When choosing an instantaneous water heater, you should pay attention to the principle of its operation and the amount of water consumed by households. Despite all the advantages of storage devices, sometimes the installation of instantaneous water heaters is more appropriate. Each room has its own conditions, so the choice must be treated wisely.

Today we tried to clarify how to choose an instantaneous water heater with acceptable technical parameters forthe best water supply option during shutdown periods. Now you know which protooptimally matches your needs and desires of the household.

Such heaters perform one important function - heating water. It is difficult to overestimate the need for devices for this purpose, because the problem with the presence of hot water is strongly felt in city apartments throughout the summer. It is even more difficult for residents of private houses, they simply do not have a centralized supply of warm water. But modern technology helps to solve this problem with just one device, and you do not need to make a fire or heat water on a gas stove.

Today, manufacturers offer many options for water heating equipment, the equipment differs from each other in terms of the principle of operation and design features. The most popular options are gas and electric water heaters. Experts advise making your choice in favor of electric models, and in areas where there is no gas supply, there is simply no alternative to such water heaters. Among electrical appliances, by the way, there is also plenty to choose from, there are both storage and flow models.

Choice between gas and electric appliances

Now there are problems with the availability of gas only in some villages, and all cities are supplied with this fuel. Therefore, apartment owners are faced with a choice between gas and electricity. The first thing worth mentioning is that the cost of electricity is higher than the cost of gas, so electric instantaneous heaters are less economical than gas ones. But electrical equipment has its own important advantages: they do not need to equip a chimney, which is very convenient, and electrical equipment also works without fire, so it is safer.

In general, the gas is flammable and even explodes, so the use of such fuel is very dangerous. Of course, modern appliances are made of better quality, but gas is still not the safest substance. There are some nuances in the use of electrical equipment, its body must be sealed so that water does not get inside. Also, to avoid electric shock, it is better to use grounding.

Operating principle

The fact that the device really heats the water is understandable, but how exactly does it all work. There is a special heating part in the case - a tube, a liquid passes through it and its temperature rises to the required value. The power of such a part can be different, the temperature of the water that you get at the outlet depends on this characteristic. The more powerful the appliance, the warmer the water.

Models with power from 3 to 27 kW are on the market. The numbers say little about anything, so it’s worth saying which device, in which case it is better to use. So, for shower procedures, a 6-8 kW device is quite enough, it can heat water up to 40 degrees. But in winter, this may not be enough, because a liquid comes in that is a little colder, and a device with a power rating of 12-15 kW is required. If you need not only a shower, but hot water throughout the house, then you need to focus on the power of the water heater of 15-20 kW. But it should be borne in mind that the amount of electricity consumption depends on the power, and, accordingly, utility bills.

The functions of the heating part can be performed by a heating element or an insulated coil. The main advantage of the second option is that scale from all kinds of salts does not settle on the element. But there are also drawbacks to the spiral, it is very afraid of air congestion and, if they occur, it can simply burn out. To eliminate this phenomenon, it is necessary to provide the element with protection against dry running.

Connecting the device is not an easy task, and it is better to entrust it to the masters. You can find specialists in a store that sells such equipment, they know all the features of water heaters and have experience in performing such work. By the way, the installation process is also quite expensive, because you have to buy various expendable materials including cable.

Advantages and disadvantages of instantaneous water heater

Each device has its own positive and negative sides, and electric instantaneous water heaters are no exception. But it should be noted right away that the advantages of equipment of this type are much greater than the disadvantages. Unlike storage devices, the owner of a flow heater immediately receives water, and does not wait for it to heat up. Accordingly, electricity is consumed only when the water is turned on, and in storage systems, electricity is constantly spent to maintain the temperature.

The main advantages of a flow device for heating water:

• This equipment is very easy to use. The device automatically starts working when the water is turned on, and immediately turns off when the tap is turned on;
• The instantaneous water heater provides the user with an unlimited amount of water. At the same time, warm water is supplied very quickly, it can take from 30 seconds to a couple of minutes;
• The flow device does not require special care and regular maintenance;
• Such devices are small in size. The dimensions of the case are usually in the region of 30 by 15 centimeters. This allows you to install the water heater almost anywhere so that it is hidden from prying eyes and does not interfere with movement.

  Therefore, flow models are used even in small apartments;

• If you need hot water in a small amount, then the flow option will work much more economically than storage. Such a device does not need a permanent connection to electricity to maintain the temperature of the water;
• The cost of a flowing electric water heater is much less than the cost of storage models;
• Water in the process of heating completely retains its qualities, because the equipment does not provide for its long-term storage in a container. This means that harmful bacteria do not multiply in the liquid, and there are no stagnations of water that adversely affect its quality.

When describing flow-through devices for heating water, it is worth mentioning the disadvantages that may incline you towards choosing storage models. So, the main disadvantages of the devices:

• Typically, such devices are equipped with low productivity, and at the exit you will get water with a temperature of 40 degrees, and this is rather warm than hot water;
• To get really hot liquid, buy the most powerful models, but get ready for the fact that they will consume electricity much faster;
• Also, a lot of electricity is spent at high water consumption, for example, when taking a bath, because in this case the device works for a long time. In such situations, it is necessary to act more reasonably and save electricity and water, which is not always convenient;

• Flow devices are quite demanding on electrical networks, they should only have stable voltage. If your house was built a very long time ago and the quality of the wiring leaves much to be desired, then the use of a flow device will be impossible. It also makes no sense to buy equipment if power outages occur regularly. Sometimes for the installation of such a device it is necessary to separately lay power cable or even obtain special permits;
• It is very difficult for such devices to supply water to several points of intake at once. To avoid such a problem, it is better to buy a pressure version of the device, but it will require constant pressure in the system to pump fluid and will cost a little more.

Given all the shortcomings of this type of equipment, we can conclude that instantaneous water heaters are better suited for small apartments with low hot water consumption. For a private house in which several families live, it makes no sense to buy such equipment; it is better to purchase a storage model with an optimal capacity. There is a choice between vertical and horizontal devices. Floor models will better emphasize the interior of the room, but heated water and cold water will constantly mix in them, and this will further increase the rate of electricity consumption.

Varieties of instantaneous water heaters

Flow devices, in turn, are divided into two subspecies:

1. Closed (pressure). This option allows you to simultaneously provide hot water to several points. This means that while taking a shower by one family member, the second can safely wash dishes in the kitchen. True, there are certain conditions, for this a high pressure indicator in the water supply system is required. Such equipment can also work with conventional mixers, but experts recommend installing two-valve taps, this will eliminate the mixing of hot and cold liquids, and will save electricity.

1. Open (non-pressure). Water heaters of this type do not need high pressure and are connected directly to the water intake point. open devices differ more simple principle action and lower cost.

Classification of water heaters by type of control

An important characteristic of the devices is their type of control, there are also two options for water heaters:

1. With hydraulic type management. Such control of the water heater will not be as accurate as with the use of electronic equipment, and the performance steps can only be adjusted manually using a switch that is installed on the tank (there are 6 steps in total).

1. With electronic system management. Water heaters of this type are equipped with a thermostat, which will monitor the temperature of the water and its heating. In such a situation, you only have to adjust the desired temperature of the liquid. The modern electronic control system makes the use of electric water heaters more comfortable and easier.

After studying the main characteristics of instantaneous water heaters, you will be able to determine whether you need such equipment or not. Of course, it is difficult to choose a device, you will have to spend money on it, and electricity costs will increase, but the constant availability of hot water in the tap completely covers these shortcomings.

First of all, you need to pay attention to the performance of the heating element installed in the device. The fact is that heating elements, small in size, should heat water to a temperature of 40 degrees in one minute. During this time, approximately 2-3 liters of water passes through the device. For this, the minimum power of the device must be 3 kW. True, it is better not to buy the weakest devices, they do not do their job well, the best option would be an instantaneous water heater with a heating element of 7-10 kW.

When choosing heating equipment, you also need to pay attention to the body of the device. It is usually made on the basis of sheet metal. In most cases, the water heater is installed on the wall, and when used, the appliance is exposed to high temperatures and other factors. external environment. For an apartment, it is best to buy a device with protective coating enamel. Such material will not be afraid to work in aggressive conditions, even household chemicals will not damage the surface.

Expensive versions of devices are also equipped with all sorts of protective systems for the heating part, in particular, protection against scale is installed. This function is performed by the anode, which, even when working with hard water, will protect the element for 6-7 years. When this period has passed, a special sensor will light up on the control panel, it will indicate the need to replace the anode.

Installation and connection

There are many devices on the market that differ in design, functionality and other features, but all have the following details:

• Device case;
• Heating part (most often - heating element);
• Terminal block;
• Special compressor;
• Equipment switch;
• Fluid temperature control system;
• Protective elements that exclude the formation of scale.

The procedure for installing and connecting equipment takes place in several stages:

1. Installation of a water heater on a load-bearing wall.
2. Connecting the cold water supply system to a special pipe, which is equipped with a tap.
3. Connecting the water heater to the mains.

You need to mount the device in a place so that it is then convenient to use and maintain it. For installation, one rule is distinguished: the water heater must be installed on the wall above the level of the head of an adult. If the device is mounted below the water outflow rate from central system, then the water heater will simply fill with liquid, overheat and fail. Also, the device must be installed perpendicular to the plane floor covering. If the water heater is installed incorrectly, its service life will be very short. To do everything accurately, experts advise applying markings to the wall before installation.

After the instantaneous water heater is mounted on the wall, it must be connected to the water supply system. To do this, a water supply valve is mounted on the pipe. To eliminate smudges that may appear when the water supply system breaks, a pipe supply valve is installed on the device. Also, this element must be installed on the outlet pipe of the product. After the water supply to the heater is ensured, it remains only to connect it to a 220 V household network.

Features of operation of instantaneous water heater

Flow principle devices are convenient in that they can supply water in unlimited quantities. To get warm water, just turn on the tap and wait a minute. True, most of these water heaters work with one intake point, so taking a bath and washing dishes at the same time will not work. It is also worth considering that with a large pressure, the temperature of the liquid will not be the highest.

Installation of flow equipment is a very difficult and responsible task, because the device has a high power, and it is necessary to lay a separate electrical wiring for it. Installation that is carried out without taking into account the recommendations can lead to loss of light in the apartment or even in the whole house. Therefore, it is still better to entrust the installation to specialists, and to familiarize yourself with the nuances of operating the equipment.

In order for the equipment to work for a long time and efficiently, you need to pay attention to such points:

• To avoid large heat losses, it is better to install a water heater close to the main water intake point;
• AT high-rise buildings the water from the central system is very hard, in such a situation it is better to purchase special filters, this will extend the life of the heater and plumbing;
• It is forbidden to install a flowing water heater in rooms where the temperature drops below 0 degrees;
• If the water heater is installed in the bathroom, then this must be done so that water does not get on the surface of the body;

• With a weak indicator of water pressure in the apartment, you should not set the equipment to maximum temperatures, it may not turn on at all.

The procedure for starting the equipment also takes place in several stages:

1. First of all, you need to check the fluid level in the tap. If it is normal, then you can start the instantaneous water heater, if the level is low, you will have to wait a little longer.
2. After that, you need to check the water pressure.
3. If the water has not warmed up enough, then set the required temperature on the control panel.
4. After using warm water, close the tap and turn off the water heater.

Most models are equipped automatic system, and the first set settings are saved, the second time you just need to turn on the tap.

During operation, salt deposits appear inside the device, so experts recommend washing the filters under running water from time to time. If the pollution is too strong, then you will have to use special tools.

Popular Models

Atmor Basic 5

This instantaneous water heater is the most affordable option. Despite the low cost, users do not complain about the quality and efficiency of the device. The heater is equipped with two heating elements of 2 kW and 3 kW, two keys for adjusting the indicators. With a total power of 5 kW, the device passes up to 3 liters of water per minute. There are special models for the kitchen or shower, as well as universal option. Such a device weighs only 2 kilograms, and costs 2500 rubles.

Stiebel Eltron DS 60 E

This model is capable of supplying heated liquid to only one point of water intake, and is equipped with an electronic control system. Most parts that come into direct contact with water are made from copper. High Quality. On the front panel there is a regulator that helps to set the water temperature. The weight of the model is a little more than 2 kilograms, and the cost is within 6500 rubles.

AEG BS 60 E

This version of the device can serve only one point of water intake, but is also equipped with electronic control. The temperature of the supplied fluid is controlled by a built-in microprocessor. The heating element is protected by a heat-resistant plastic flask. The weight of the device reaches 2.4 kilograms, and such a water heater costs about 8,500 rubles.

Powerful and versatile Stiebel Eltron SHD 100 S

The design of this water heater has its own characteristics, it can supply water to one or several water intake points at once. When you need a little hot water, the water heater works as a storage heater with a power of 3.5 kW. When the water flow is high, the device works as a flow device with a power rating of 21 kW. The water heater weighs about 40 kilograms, and its purchase will cost 100,000 rubles.

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Instantaneous electric water heater for an apartment which one to choose

Flowing water heaters are compact and mobile due to the lack of storage. Heating occurs immediately during the movement of water. A tubular heating element works inside, which determines the dependence of its own power and the outlet water temperature.

Protochnik are issued in two types:

• non-pressure;
• pressure.

System pressure models successfully work in different conditions operation. By design, there is only an input-output for water; during installation, a tie-in is made into the pipes of the water supply riser. Management is realized through pressure. This is convenient for seasonal shutdowns of hot water supply. It is these samples that are better able to provide multiple points of consumption.

Non-pressure ones are always less powerful and operate from one point of water intake (Atmor). Such a decision is considered to be optimal for giving or for a shower, under kitchen sink, manufacturers often put the appropriate nozzles in the kit. The maximum for which pressureless valves are designed is 30 degrees. Installation is carried out near the water intake point.

Good power instantaneous electric water heater

The power spread is quite high, you can purchase a heater for 3-27 kW. Practice shows that for seasonal use in the country, a minimum of 3.5 kW is enough. Samples up to 7-8 kW are perfect for an apartment. They can be connected to a standard single-phase 220V outlet, although electricians advise running a separate line.

However, such opportunities are only enough for small tasks, for example, for the kitchen (we mean washing dishes) or the shower. If you are looking for just such an option, pay attention to the models from Thermex - they demonstrate excellent performance and reliability.

Large power requires connection to a three-phase network of 380 kW. Here you can get hotter water at the outlet. Plus, more powerful comrades will give out the maximum amount of liquid per unit of time. If you have big house, it makes sense to turn to samples from 18 kW.

How to choose an instantaneous electric water heater in an apartment according to the control method

There are two options: electronics and hydraulics.

Speaking in detail:

• the hydraulic system is based on the interaction of the rod and the membrane. The modes are switched by the pressure of the passing flow. The maximum that you can count on is the maintenance of two water intake points;
• electronic - all adjustment processes are subordinated to microcontrollers. Temperature and flow are regulated more precisely, which affects the comfort of use. However, even here it was not without drawbacks. Such systems are difficult to repair and quite expensive.

The best instantaneous electric water heater for summer cottages and showers according to the material of the tank

Of course, the choice of instantaneous water heater should be based on the number of consumption points where heated water will be supplied. In addition, consider the total volume of liquid that will be spent when all points are activated simultaneously.

It is important to consider the material of manufacture. Good characteristics are demonstrated by the enamelled case. It successfully withstands the action of aggressive substances contained in water and temperature. Copper is a great alternative. Such models are quite durable and are equipped with protection of the heater from scale. If you have hard water, this protection will last an average of 5 years.

• Thermex- the Italian company produces exclusively water heaters and does it quite successfully. Products first came to our market in 1996. The quality of equipment is decent, every millimeter is calculated in our own design office. Production also takes place at our own factory under vigilant control, which is also a plus;
• Electrolux- the Swedish brand is worthy of respect. Water heaters of this brand serve faithfully, delivering hot water to the owner on time. Equipment is produced by OEM orders in China, little things, of course, can suffer, but the main components work at the level;
• Timberk is a dynamic Russian brand that has been operating on the market since 2004. Execution, quality of equipment can be considered very successful and it is in stable demand;
• Atmor is a leading manufacturer of water heaters in Israel. The company exports its equipment to all European countries, and in Russia today more than a million units have been sold. The products are of high quality and have many certificates.

Electric water heater for an apartment

Instantaneous water heater for apartment Thermex Stream 700

The manufacturer included the water heater itself, a shower head with a hose, a set of dowels, self-tapping screws, a faucet, an adapter and instructions. The assembly is not bad, the internal performance is not satisfactory. The design of the device is simple: on the left side there is an inlet for cold water, on the right - an outlet for hot, the connection is lower. Both openings are closed with protective caps, there is a filter coarse cleaning. It will stop all particles 2 mm and larger.

There are 2 switches on the front panel, they control the heating power - each has 3.5 kW. Total heater power - 7 kW. Actually, this management is exhausted. The system is reliable and does not please with failures at each power surge. The model is installed on the wall and requires mandatory grounding. In general, such opportunities are enough for any small and medium-sized family. The system will heat the water up to +50 degrees, which is enough in most cases, but does not correspond to the promised 60 degrees. Price - from 2.7 tr.

Pros:

• price quality;
• excellent equipment;
• heats up quickly
• good pressure;
• enough for a shower, washing, washing dishes;
• easy installation.

Minuses:

• mean instruction;
• short shower hose;
• when the pressure is reduced, it starts to make noise.

Water heater for apartment Electrolux NPX6 Aquatronic Digital

The Swedes offer instantaneous water heater with electric heating. The device has a small capacity of 2.8 l / min. and a power of 5.7 kW. This is enough for the needs of a small family, for example, to take a shower or wash the dishes. There are several points of water intake, pressure - up to 7 atmospheres.

The model is quite functional, planted on electronic control . There is a display showing the current parameters, protection against overheating. Mounting is horizontal, with top connection. The water heater is compact and fits well on the wall of a small bathroom. Price – from 6.6. t.r.

Pros:

• great summer option
• compact dimensions, easy installation;
• the heater produces water at a stable temperature;
• enough for a shower and washing dishes;
• display, easy operation.

Minuses:

• not for winter, power is not enough.

Instantaneous water heater for apartment Timberk WHE 5.5 XTR H1

Another budget employee of our rating handles hot water up to 60 degrees. This compact and lightweight model will settle in any small bathroom or in the country. I will note economical energy consumption and decent productivity - 3.8 liters per minute. This will ensure continuous access to hot water.

Installation is vertical, the model is designed for bottom connection. Inside there is a spiral heating element. It turns on only when water enters and is equipped with ceramic protection. Impurities are retained by the strainer. The operation of the water heater is indicated by an LED indicator. For safety reasons, a resistive thermal sensor is provided - it prevents the heating element from overheating to extreme temperatures. Price - 2.5 tr.

Pros:

• compact;
• good build;
• quite powerful for such a modest size;
• fast heating;
• reliable mechanical control;
• affordable price.

Minuses:

• weak pressure.

Shower water heater

Electric shower water heater Atmor Basic 5 shower

Instantaneous water heater supplied complete with plastic goose, flexible hose, a pair of seals, a tap, fasteners. The gander is equipped with a nozzle that breaks the water jet. The hose is short, which must be taken into account when choosing (the model will have to be placed closer to the tap). Connection does not require special tools and special skills. This is a device with horizontal installation, bottom piping.

The performance of the water heater is designed for 3 liters per minute, the power is 5 kW, heating is promised up to +65 degrees, the pressure reaches 7 atmospheres. The declared parameters will help to survive the seasonal shutdown of hot water. The device works efficiently, copper heater provides the declared heating. He will allow you to take a shower, wash the dishes, take a warm bath in 30-35 minutes. This instantaneous electric water heater for a shower has a price of 2 tr.

Pros:

• good assembly - inside everything is neatly divorced, the connections are in perfect order;
• simple installation;
• compactness;
• three operating modes;
• great power and heat.

Minuses:

• The power cord required for operation is not included.

Instantaneous shower water heater Timberk WHEL-7 OSC with shower head

The device stands out from the general range of analogues with a moisture-proof streamlined case. The brand decided to make the model in the author's design, which will not spoil the interior of the bathroom or kitchen. The heater is designed to provide hot water to one point of consumption. A reliable heating element with an increased production resource and a protective coating works inside.

There is equipment in the form of a hydraulic valve with shutdown sensor. It works on the machine and turns off the power to the heater in the absence of water. Reliability is added by a flask with thickened walls made of high-strength thermoplastic.

The water heater is equipped with a filter for water purification from small impurities. Power - 6.5 kW, productivity - 4.5 liters per minute. The delivery set includes a shower kit (hose, shower nozzle, wall holder), faucet. Generally, optimal solution to provide hot water in the summer. Price - from 2.4 tr.

Pros:

• cheap;
• compact;
• powerful;
• warms well;
• easy to install;
• excellent kit.

Minuses:

• water pressure is weak.

Shower water heater Electrolux Smartfix 2.0 3.5 S 3.50 kW

The Swedes made a good water heater with a flow-through method of heating water. The device is powered by electrical network and reaches a power of 3.5 kW. Productivity is also small - 2 liters per minute. Pressure - 0.70 - 6 Atm.

Water is supplied to the apparatus in a non-pressure way, the supply is lower. Quite expected implemented mechanical control, which inspires hope for long-term uninterrupted operation. Required connection - 220 V.

The device has a streamlined shape, which will simplify installation. The Swedes used high-quality materials, implemented the 4th class of protection against water, protection against overheating. The kit includes additional accessories: shower hose, shower head. A copper heater is working inside, the actual outlet water temperature reaches 60 degrees (at maximum mode). The cost of a water heater is from 1.5 tr.

Pros:

• good assembly;
• affordable price tag;
• compact and lightweight;
• 3 operating modes;
• reliable management;
• set.

Minuses:

• demanding on wiring;
• shuts off at low pressure.

Water heaters for the kitchen

Kitchen water heater Atmor Basic 3.5 faucet (under the sink)

Before us is uncomplicated, but quite quality model. build level and design provide all the prerequisites for long-term and reliable operation. The water heater is lightweight and compact. which makes it possible to install even in cramped conditions. The connection is simple, with horizontal mounting and bottom connection, all manipulations do not require particularly cunning skills.

Among the pluses I will include mechanical control, it definitely will not collapse at the first network jump. In terms of technical parameters, everything is fine: pressure - from 0.30 to 7 atm., power 3.5 kW, productivity - 2 liters per minute. A tubular copper heater operates inside, capable of raising the outlet water temperature to +60 degrees (actually, it is). It is quite possible to wash the dishes during the hot water shutdown season. There are all security options, in particular, protection against overheating, from turning on without water. Price - from 1.8 tr.

Pros:

• reliable mechanical control, can be used even in the village, even in the country;
• compact, lightweight;
• the kit includes a faucet, power cord;
• the optimal solution for washing dishes, the device gives out the promised heating.

Minuses:

• heats up the wire
• on the maximum mode can knock out traffic jams.

Kitchen water heater Atmor Basic 5 faucet

Another kitchen heater in our rating operates on a flow type from the electrical network. It is more productive than the previous comrade and dispenses 3 liters per minute. Power - 5 kW. At the maximum, the device will heat the water up to +65 degrees. The inlet pressure is rated at 0.30 - 7 atm., which is typical for this class.

Machine controlled mechanically using two switches. Anyone can cope with this system: minimum mode - one switch is on, medium - the second, maximum - both. There is protection against overheating and switching on without water. A productive copper heater is responsible for heating. Price - from 1.8 tr.

Pros:

• lightweight, compact model without much hassle to install;
• in practice, it quickly gives out hot water with the promised heating;
• affordable price;
• security options;
• mechanical control.

Minuses:

• wire heating.

Instantaneous electric water heaters for summer cottages

Water heater for giving Timberk WHE 4.5 XTR H1

Flowing electric heater turns off and on automatically depending on the water supply. A nichrome spiral heating element with ceramic protection works inside, it successfully copes with the rapid heating of water. To make the operation of the device safe, the manufacturer has provided protection against overheating and too much water pressure or its absence.

Power is declared as 4.5 kW, there is an excellent output at 3.15 liters per minute. The device is powered by 220 V and controlled mechanically. The water heater is not capricious in installation and is intended for one point of consumption. Mandatory grounding required. Ideal Solution for giving! Price - from 2.4 tr.

Pros:

• the fourth class of protection against water;
• security options;
• excellent design of the heating block;
• fast heating;
• resistant to scale formation;
• auto protection against overpressure, overheating.

Minuses:

• no plug included;
• As pressure rises, the temperature of the water drops.

Water heater for giving Timberk WHE 5.0 XTN Z1

And this time, Russian engineers have made an excellent model. Before us is flowing electric water heater, which will successfully cope with the maintenance of several points of water intake (in line). I can say that the brand has thought over the design of the heating block very well.

Works inside nichrome spiral heater with a maximum power of 5 kW. The special shape does not allow large accumulations of scale. The degree of protection of the device against water is IPX4. Reliability adds modern protection against overheating, work without water, overpressure. Productivity - 3.5 liters per minute. Unlike most analogues from our rating, electronic control is provided here.

Flow type electric water heating systems have significant advantages over storage devices. First of all, this is a perfect design and compact dimensions of the unit, allowing you to install equipment in small rooms. They also emit a high rate of heating water, which facilitates household work.

In order to decide which is better to buy a flowing electric water heater, you should know that the installation of the device requires an individual electrical cable and a circuit breaker on the shield. Therefore, the installation of equipment is prohibited in the buildings of the old type of development. In this case, it is recommended to use equipment with a power of up to 3.5 kW.

How to calculate the required power?

A good instantaneous water heater must meet not only the criteria of the consumer, but also the flow of water that is required to perform all domestic processes.

The maximum value of the power indicator of an electric heating device is calculated according to the following formulation:

Deciphering the constituent characters:

• P is the maximum value of the power of the device, kW;
• R - consumption of circulating water, liters for 60 seconds;
• T - the required temperature regime of the liquid coming from the mixer;
• ∆t - the required temperature increase, o C. ∆ t = T - tv.
• Твх - temperature regime of cool liquid: cold season +5°С, hot season - +15°С.

These values ​​can also be determined in a simpler way. The performance indicator inherent in the most suitable option must be divided by two. As a result, the estimated water consumption in liters per minute will be released at a temperature regime of 20-30 ° C.

For example, a device with an efficiency of 16 kW provides the user with 8 liters of heated fluid per minute. This amount will be enough to fulfill one of the goals listed in the table.

If it is necessary to dilute the water supply at several points, you need to focus on the intake of the most frequently used water. If you plan to pick up at several nodes at the same time, then you should choose a high-performance unit.

It is recommended to install an instantaneous electric water heater 13-36 kW in residential buildings where a large amount of electricity is consumed. In connection with the division of classifications, two types of units were formed: three-phase and single-phase.

Pressure or non-pressure devices

In addition, the technique has two groups of pressure and non-pressure equipment.

Flow-through electrical units of pressure type, make it possible to use water from any mixer mounted in the cottage. The device is installed directly on the cold and warm outlet pipeline. This method is considered the most convenient in case of disconnection centralized system water supply.

Starting and stopping of the device is carried out at an automated level, using a control unit that responds to the flow rate.

A set of the best instantaneous water heaters includes bath-shower and kitchen attachments. Details function exclusively on one water pressure unit. This modification is most suitable for use during the warm season in a private house.

If the water intake mixers are located at a great distance from the heating equipment, it will be more profitable to purchase separate devices for each node. This method will significantly reduce the energy consumption for heating the liquid in the pipes.

VIDEO: how the protochnik works

Since non-pressure technology is not able to provide a house large quantity liquids, the openings of the shower element are small. Thus, you can get a good pressure.

If the coolant has high rate stiffness, it is required to regularly flush the nozzles with a solution that removes scale.

Most non-pressure equipment is designed for use in countries with warm climatic conditions. The devices are not designed for severe weather conditions, so they cannot perform well at low temperatures. Water heating will occur no more than 30 ° C.

Overview of popular models

The technical market represents a wide range of heating equipment from various manufacturers. To choose the right device, you should study the technical characteristics of the most suitable models.

Technique varies according to technical specifications, performance and additional options. The units of the Swedish company are equipped with a spectacular heating element in the form of a spiral.

The instantaneous electric water heater for the faucet has an expanded clay filter and a copper flask.

The Polish brand is one of the best instantaneous water heaters of the system and non-pressure type. The parts that have direct contact with fashion are made up of copper and brass material.

The entire line of these units is equipped with an overheating protection system and has a safety valve. The front panel is decorated with a display, where there are indicators of temperature, on / off. The main complaint of users is frequent shutdowns and periodic “shoot through” of cold water.

When using, care must be taken to ensure that the device does not operate at full capacity. This leads to overheating of the wiring and a possible short circuit.

The kit does not include wire and plug. They are purchased separately. The recommended cable section is 4 mm. A separate connection through the machine is required. The quality is excellent. In his price category it is a leader that consistently enters the TOP 10 instantaneous water heaters.

The line of this manufacturer is equipped with a complete set:

• overheat protection;
• water filter;
• plug and wire for connection

In general, it is characterized as a medium-power trouble-free device, convenient to use and quite reliable. Due to its low performance, it does not need separate wiring, but for safety reasons, it is not recommended to turn it on simultaneously with other powerful electrical appliances.

Model WHE 4.5 XTR H1 requires mandatory grounding. As for the negative reviews, here many users agree on one thing - it is inconvenient without an on / off button. First you have to open the tap, and then plug the device into the outlet.

Before ordering a 2016-17 water heater in an online store, you should first answer a number of questions:

1. The possibilities of the house in which the installation of the device is planned. Do they meet the requirements of the unit.
2. Decide on the installation method and, if you do not plan to carry out the process yourself, order the installation service from a specialist.
3. Check warranty periods and availability of spare parts.

In any case, regardless of the state of the wiring, first of all, after the purchase, a separate cable is made and brought to the shield. It would also be advisable to check the condition of the water supply, and connect the water heater using flexible hoses.

VIDEO: How to choose a water heater? Which one is better to buy?