DIY lamp at home. DIY lamp (58 photos): options for desktop, pendant and wall lighting design

A chandelier is an expensive item, but technologically not so complicated. Anyway, production processes, which could not be done at home, is almost not required for the manufacture of a chandelier, or they can be replaced with similar manual ones, visually and in terms of reliability giving the same effect.

Do-it-yourself amateurs have made and are making a lot of ceiling lamps for general lighting (and these are chandeliers), which have no analogues in the wide market and sometimes have a very extravagant appearance, see, for example, fig. Fiction and the reader, we hope, do not hold. However, unfortunately, in a scattering of images of home-made chandeliers on the Internet, samples that meet the requirements of safety regulations and residential lighting are rare. Rather, very rarely.

This article discusses, first of all, how to make a chandelier yourself technologically and lighting. There is nothing particularly complicated here; this is something like a Moliere character who, it turns out, has been speaking prose all his life. But it doesn't hurt to know some of the basics. Moreover, the original harmonious design(which is by no means abandoned) also requires a reliable foundation, otherwise what is beauty to hold on to?

Note: for example, how you can make a chandelier in the living room with your own hands at home, see the video below. In terms of design, it will go with any interior style that accepts clear forms, and this is a very wide range, from Chinese Mandarin to fusion.

Video: do-it-yourself chandelier from improvised materials

Therefore, the subtleties of the design and construction of the main lighting and at the same time decorative elements chandeliers -; frames/supports of luminaires, which are also important as parts overall design– . It will also not be superfluous to find out about the general lighting design of residential premises. And in this article we will deal with what they all have in common, plus the electrical part:

• Lighting technology and design - the very beginnings for domestic premises;
• Electrical fittings, mainly in terms of safety;
• What to make light fittings from, with an emphasis on the possibility of manufacturing from improvised materials;
• Features of chandeliers for residential premises for various purposes;
• The choice of light sources for a particular chandelier.

Note: those who doubt why there are some depths, let it be known - homemade lamps are firmly in the top ten for household electrical injuries, fire hazard and as a cause of visual impairment, especially in children.

What should not be afraid?

Wood and woodwork. Looking for curly wooden details industrial chandeliers, it seems that it is impossible to reproduce them at home. Meanwhile, a completely artsy wooden chandelier frame can be made in a day or two with your own hands in the kitchen or on the balcony.

The fact is that wood, when heated throughout the mass to 150-250 degrees, softens and bends, and when it cools down, it retains the shape given to it. You can heat a piece of wood to such a temperature without charring with a building hair dryer. Just remember to pre-drill axial holes (say, for wiring an electrical cable), this will not be possible in an already bent part.

Note: light or medium-density fine-layered wood bends most easily when heated - birch, maple, ash, linden. Bamboo and some species of tropical wood are generally bent when heated to 90-100 degrees by steaming in water vapor. MDF, due to the uniformity of its structure, bends very well and precisely, but requires more heat.

Finally, a quite elegant wooden chandelier can be made of non-bent parts: modern light sources make it possible to implement such a solution. Then the ceiling lamp is made in the form of a chandelier-plafond, see below.

What to pay attention to?

On old Soviet chandeliers and household lamps in general. The USSR, as you know, was a very ambiguous phenomenon, which was especially clearly expressed in Soviet consumer goods. If you have an old “soviet-made” home chandelier lying around in your pantry, then its light-scattering / light-transmitting parts are probably made of high-quality glass, and porcelain / faience decorative ones are made of the same quality material. Let 1 "horn" out of 4-5 be broken, the remaining ones will be enough for a new home-made chandelier. Has the paint peeled off? Now on sale there are any washes and excellent acrylic enamels. Some of the "pendants" are lost? Of the others, you can also build something very beautiful, it would be fiction and taste.

Lighting and vision

Approximately 10 years ago, the transmission capacity was measured quite accurately according to the information of the optic nerve. It turned out to be 5-6 times less than the amount of information in the picture that the optical system of the eye draws on the retina, and scientists finally had to admit it as a fact: somewhere in the eye lurks something like a video processor. Suspicions about its presence arose 200 years ago, because. certain visual illusions do not depend in any way on the physical and mental state of the subject. I had to admit, and now it is confidence that the picture does not come to the brain raw, but somehow processed. From the point of view of lighting technology and the influence of the nature of lighting on health and well-being, this fact is also important: a good lamp should give light not only bright enough, but also even, soft, allowing you to clearly distinguish details different colors and does not tire the eyes.

Note: Let us remind the reader that the picture on the retina is taken by 2 types of photoreceptors - rods and cones. The former are the most sensitive, but perceive only the general brightness, so at night all cats are gray. Cones of 3 types perceive separately the red (R), green (G) and blue (B) parts of the color spectrum. We also recall that the eye is most sensitive to green rays, somewhat less to red and least to blue.

Spectra of light sources

Light with a continuous spectrum is the least tiring for the eye, pos. 1 per pic: All visible details of the subject are more or less evenly lit. If the spectrum is limited, then those that do not fall into it are simply not visible. The eye processor does not need to “finish” anything, and this is what most of all tires the eyesight and spoils it.

The fact is that in order to “finish” a poorly distinguishable optics of the eye, it must constantly and often refocus, and the photodetector system must change its accommodation, i.e. general level sensitivity. This procedure is in some way similar to working out the details in Photoshop by normalizing the levels and “pulling up” the thin curves, but those who know how to do this know that the picture is very sluggish initially, if you definitely need to “pull out” the details, it coarsens to “tear”. And if we are talking about our own vision, the brain eventually begins to understand “tear” as the norm, and accordingly reconfigures the muscles of the eye and the algorithms of the visual processor, which leads to visual disorders.

Unfortunately, of the light sources suitable for safety requirements for domestic conditions, only incandescent, conventional and halogen lamps give a continuous spectrum. Firstly, they are uneconomical according to modern requirements. Secondly, their spectra are thermal and therefore have a strong cutoff in the blue region. That is, it is impossible to achieve the correct color perception under such lighting.

Nevertheless, incandescent lamps in household lamps are quite applicable: over millions of years of evolution, the human eye has become accustomed to correcting itself for yellowness, and visual disturbances in such lighting are possible only from its insufficient or excessive brightness. As for sodium lamps, which shine only in the yellow region, their light is also harmless to vision, but there is no need to talk about any adequate color perception.

Almost perfect color reproduction allows, with the least possible visual fatigue, to achieve a synthetic or additive spectrum, pos. 2. There is no need for the eye processor to overwork: the tops of the R, G and B zones go slightly beyond the optimal level of illumination for a given overall brightness, and at their junctions, restoring full detail requires a simple addition of partial (private) images in the corresponding colors. As a result, the overall white level comes out almost linear and the details of any color are clearly visible, and gray tones smoothly transition into each other.

And again unfortunately: additive spectrum gives only screens of good cathode ray tubes(kinescopes). Slowly but surely approaching him fluorescent lamps(housekeepers) with a 3-4 layer phosphor, individual samples of LED illuminators and TFT display screens, however, the problem is still far from being completely solved. Therefore, experienced and caring about their vision (which in this case is also the main working tool) graphic designers, photographers and artists working at a computer stubbornly hold on to “tube” displays, buying professional ones at crazy prices or looking for used ones with not yet dead tube.

Note: light from sources with an additive spectrum is usually called extremely soft. In nature, extremely soft lighting is morning with light cloudiness, when the disk of the Sun shines a little through the clouds.

In everyday life, acceptable softness of light can be achieved by its sources with an island spectrum, pos. 3. It looks like 3 solid limited ones, but this is the case when quantity turns into quality: having seen 3 zones of primary colors, the eye will definitely try to see what is between them. In the gaps between the islands, something is still visible, albeit at a level of illumination that is significantly less than optimal for a given accommodation. The peaks of the islands are also quite strongly lifted up, but also within the acceptable range.

The island spectrum is given by most housekeepers and good LED lamps; how to distinguish them immediately upon purchase from, let's say, not very good ones, see below, in the section on illuminators. It is undesirable to do work that requires eye strain in such a light, but you can read / write 3-4 hours a day.

The island spectrum has 2 features important for household lighting. The first is that it can be significantly softened with the help of light-shaping devices, see below. The second is that the "tails" of red and blue do not go into the IR (infrared) and UV (ultraviolet) regions, but fall to black towards the boundaries of the visible spectrum. Therefore, if the details of a certain color in island lighting are poorly visible, increasing the overall brightness will only harm your eyesight. In this case, it is necessary to use local lighting with incandescent lamps or housekeepers / LEDs of a different color temperature, their spectrum islands will be located differently.

The most harmful spectrum for vision is the line spectrum, pos. four. In it, firstly, very narrow zones of primary colors do not overlap. Secondly, in order to create a sufficient overall brightness, it is necessary to “pull up” the peaks of the lines, especially the blue one, above the maximum allowable. The light seems to be not very bright, but it hurts the eyes. Everything in general is visible, it seems to be good, but the details are lost somewhere and you can’t make out in any way, even if your eyes burst.

Such light is called extremely hard. They give it cheap LED lamp and separate models of housekeepers with 1-layer phosphor. It is impossible to soften it with light formers, because. nothing is illuminated in the gaps between the lines. With prolonged use of such light, it is possible to develop not only myopia / farsightedness, but also various color perception disorders (the eye processor is overstrained to no avail, trying to see the invisible), and even retinal detachment.

Electrical fittings

Gross and most often entailing undesirable consequences violation of the rules of safety in self-manufacturing chandeliers - hanging them by an electric cable: its end is passed into the bulb holder, tied in a knot, so everything is kept on weight. A chandelier, even the lightest, must be hung on a separate rod, rigid or flexible.

The rigid suspension of a chandelier is known to everyone: it is a tube into which a cable is stretched. Traditional flexible suspension - chain; the cable in this case passes through the links. Now on sale there are also special cables for chandeliers, in addition to 3 wires under a common sheath, they also have a strong rope for suspension. It needs to be brought out and fastened in 2 places: at the top to the hook and at the bottom to the frame of the chandelier, otherwise the cord may crawl out over time and the chandelier will hang on the wires. When hanging on a separate cord, the cable must be circled around it with several turns (and not vice versa!) And fix the ends of the “snake” with tape or, not tightly, with a soft thread.

Emergency situations with chandeliers most often occur at the point where the wires are inserted into the bulb holder, so the cartridges also need to be fixed on the frame separately. The most convenient for this is the E17 cartridge for a minion lamp (candle lamp) with a screw clamp for the mounting lamella (shown by the arrow in pos. 1 of the figure). If the frame is made of tubes, the lamellas are obtained by flattening their ends. Lamellas from a strip of steel 1-1.5 mm thick and 10 mm wide can be attached to a wooden frame with small self-tapping screws.

Cartridges E17 with end clamp (shank), pos. 2, for home master less convenient, because the clamp is fixed with a pair of nuts, under which the thread must be cut on the tube. If there is enough space in the chandelier, in this case it is better to use the E27 cartridge (regular, “plump”) with a side clamp, pos. 4. Clamps, to obtain the desired orientation of the lamps, can be carefully folded. And, finally, in chandeliers with a single light bulb, it may be more convenient to have an E17 or E10 cartridge (superminion) with lugs for mounting, pos. 5, but the places where the wires are connected to this should be carefully insulated.

Note: conventional E27 bakelite cartridges can also be fixed rigidly; for this, there is a special thread in the inlet fittings of their covers. But the same thread must be on the tube to which the cartridge is attached, and there are no manual taps for sale for it.

About installation and connection

You can power a chandelier with a total power of up to 60 W from the network with a cable with a cross section of conductive wires of 0.35 square meters. mm; up to 120 W - 0.5 sq. mm; up to 300 W - 0.75 sq. mm. Use a 3-core double-insulated cable. A “ground” (yellow with a longitudinal green stripe) wire is connected to the neutral wire of the network, and the remaining 2 wires are connected to the phase wires coming from the switches of the chandelier sections.

Note: it is unacceptable to search for a phase using a control light by clicking switches! You need to use a phase indicator!

Connecting wires to the terminal blocks of lamp holders and generally wiring the chandelier is done below step by step in the following order:

1. They make sure with the help of a phase indicator that there is no voltage on the wires and no one can accidentally flip the switch. To do this, their levers can be temporarily sealed with tape.
2. From the ceiling ends of the cable, a temporary hut is thrown to the floor from a cable with conductors no smaller than that of a standard section.
3. They strip the ends of the regular wires of the chandelier, connect its common input to the temporary hut. Don't forget to insulate the connections!
4. Disassemble the cartridge.
5. Insert the end of the cable into the cover of the cartridge through the regular hole.
6. A lock washer is put on it to prevent accidental pulling out of the cartridge. In extreme cases, tie the cable into a knot.
7. Close the bare ends of the wires into the terminals. Stranded wires are twisted before termination and, preferably, tinned so that the veins that have come out do not arrange a short circuit (short circuit),
8. Insert the terminal block into the cover, seating it with notches on the corresponding protrusions in it.
9. Check if there is a small loop of cable under the cover and if it is pulled out.
10. Holding the terminal block so that it does not come off, the cartridge case is screwed onto the cover.
11. At the end of the installation of the section, the lamps are screwed in, checked by turning on the acc. switch, whether they burn steadily.
12. Again, the switches are blocked from accidental switching on, the temporary hut is removed.
13. , connect its input to the ceiling ends.
14. They check: it burns steadily, does not blink - the installation is over, you can use it.

Light fittings

The light fixture of the chandelier (light-forming system), firstly, directs the light in the proper way for this type of room. Secondly, it softens it by reducing the surface brightness of the illuminator. And for light sources with an island spectrum, another favorable circumstance manifests itself.

In school and even general university courses in optics, in order not to confuse students too much, it is believed that during scattering, reflection and refraction of light, its frequency remains unchanged; this makes it possible to visually deduce their basic laws. In fact, there are no absolutely linear media, and a certain fraction of light quanta in these processes is re-emitted, due to which it changes its frequency and, consequently, its color. That is, the "tails" of the spectral islands receive a small brightness "feed", which facilitates the work of the eye processor; this is tantamount to an additional softening of the light.

Workflows

In the light fittings of household lamps, diffuse reflection and light scattering are mainly used. Mirroring is of little use, since does not by itself reduce surface brightness or soften light. Refraction in transparent media is widely used: crystal pendants not only give a pleasant play of light, but also significantly soften it without significant loss of light flux. And finally, in some cases, eg. in lampshades made of threads, in the formation of a light flux, a noticeable share of diffraction takes place.

Note: with diffraction and shadows, in general, you need to be more careful. The light in the room on the left in the figure can cause nervous breakdown and in an adult, and the prickly rays from the lamp on the right in the same place will not benefit vision in any way. Here the circumstance takes place that in the peaks of the diffraction pattern the light intensity can be much higher than on the primary radiating surface.

Forming elements and systems

Softening of light and the formation of its necessary radiation pattern (DN), see below, using refraction in transparent media and / or specular / full internal reflection requires a large number of such optical acts: in each of them, the light loss is small, but the degree of conversion of the light flux is also small, because transparent media are transparent because their non-linearity manifests itself to an insignificant degree. Traditionally, this requires a lot of refractive elements with high optical properties; hence expensive or available on a case-by-case basis. Now amateur masters are rescued by plastics: the original chandelier on refraction and re-reflections can be made in general from waste material, see below. The appearance of such chandeliers is “airy”; service life - 1-3 years.

If there are no crystal pendants at your disposal, you will have to use scattering and diffuse reflection. Light losses will be greater, but in this case it is possible to get by with improvised materials: it is enough to get only 1-3% of nonlinear optical acts in the entire lighting system. An ordinary light meter with a set of light filters does not capture such a number of “left” quanta, but it is enough for the illumination of the dips between the islands of the spectrum to rise above the “bottom” of the accommodation range and the eye to work without overworking.

Light formers based on diffuse optical processes are based on 3 elements: a ceiling lamp, a lampshade and a diffuse reflector. Plafond, pos. 1 in fig. - a cap made of frosted glass or a material similar to it in terms of optical properties. Outward light from it can come out only after undergoing scattering. For the further formation of the light flux, the optical properties of the room do not matter or have very little.

Lampshade, pos. 2, part of the primary light emits without conversion; not necessarily down. The softening of the primary light spot is achieved by illuminating it with diffused light reflected from the walls and ceiling, so the optical properties of the room in this case are significant. They become decisive for a diffuse reflector, pos. 3, however, this lighting system, by changing the degree of transparency of the reflector(s), their size, configuration and location, makes it possible to form various patterns.

Chandelier lighting systems are built, as a rule, by combining elementary shapers. For example, at pos. 4 - a well-known chandelier of stepped concentric lampshades, complemented by a small almost flat shade. At first glance, the light loss in it should be large, but remember: to illuminate a school gym with an area of ​​​​approx. 400 sq. m and with a ceiling height of 6 m, there were enough uneconomical incandescent lamps for total power 800-1200 W.

Among the new lighting systems stand out chandeliers, plafonds, pos. 3. They are named so because they are both ceiling lamps and lighting, and architectural ceiling, see photo. The essence of this type of optics is that in the trap chamber, the primary quanta experience multiple reflections and the light comes out strongly softened.

Materials for lighting systems

O purchased items chandeliers made of glass or special plastics, you can see that:

• Glass should be mirrored, colorless or pure white when broken.
• Under any light sources, except for incandescent lamps, it is better to take optical parts that are matted not from the surface, but in bulk, the so-called. dairy, the desired degree of transparency.
• It is undesirable to use acrylic computer disks in lighting systems: the translucent metal layer in them only absorbs light to no avail, and the almost completely transparent and colorless optical acrylic does not noticeably transform the light flux.

Good homemade chandeliers come from food grade PET bottles. The refractive index and transparency of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) are quite high, which makes it possible to achieve a significant softening of light with small light losses. PET bottles are produced in various color shades and are translucent, thanks to which the chandelier can be built on the basis of both refraction and re-reflections, as well as diffuse processes.

In addition to low cost and availability, a significant advantage of PET is the ease of processing at home and, in skillful hands, good decorative qualities. For example, how to make flowers from bottles, see the master class at the link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8TXXoiTLhVA

Floral decor will not only decorate the chandelier, but also, due to the increase in the number of refractive surfaces, will significantly improve its lighting technology. There are other options for optically useful and beautiful decor made of plastic bottles, but we will leave them for the article about lampshades.

Other plastics for chandeliers with economy lamps are also suitable as reflectors. For them, you need to take the material as white as possible and slightly rough or with a satin gloss. Translucent parts made from household plastics are not very good, because. as a filler, chalk or talc with coloring additives is most often used. The light loss in such will be large, and the softening of light - only due to a drop in surface brightness. It is preferable to use propylene, because. PVC from light soon turns yellow and becomes brittle.

The second one is very good available material for optical system chandeliers - paper. If the lamp is LED, then a paper chandelier with it will last for several years: the paper turns yellow and loses light transmission from heat and UV exposure, which LED lamps almost or completely do not give.

The light transmission of the paper components of the chandelier is selected by choosing a material of the appropriate density, from 20 to 220 g/sq. m. The reflective properties of modern writing paper are almost flawless: with a whiteness factor below 0.8-0.85, it is simply not produced. By the way, some cunning manufacturers operate with whiteness factors of 1.05 and even 1.15. By what method of measurement they reach super-unit values ​​of a quantity that, in principle, cannot be more than 1, who knows. But from the point of view of physics, this is a ridiculous absurdity: he put such a leaf in front of a mirror, between them - a solar battery, once he shone with a flashlight, here you have a perpetual motion machine of the second kind. Or a fertile topic of discussion on the forums of technomists. What's wrong with that? Since KB>1, then the leaf of light and, accordingly, its energy radiates more than it receives.

Note: The bulb of a 60 W incandescent lamp can heat up to more than 100 degrees Celsius. Therefore, for chandeliers with shades, lampshades and reflectors made of plastic, fabric, textiles and threads, incandescent lamps of no more than 40 W should be used, and halogen lamps - up to 15-20 W.

Video: a master class on making a chandelier from a rope or thread

Chandelier in the room

The main types of DN for lighting domestic premises are shown in fig. A cardioid is formed by a ceiling, this is a light for small bedrooms, children's rooms, hallways. The dip at the top is formed by the shadow from the base. A children's chandelier should be equipped with a spherical shade, strong, but without excessive light loss, scattering light. Particularly soft and, highly desirable, shadow-free lighting in the nursery is necessary so as not to harm the eyesight that has not yet been strengthened. Therefore, the ceiling of a children's chandelier is best made of paper, and refractive materials for it should be avoided.

Figure-of-eight DN is obtained using several diffuse reflectors and a well-bleached ceiling, for example. drywall. Such light is needed in a fairly large living room with free space in the center, an office, and other rooms where zones are illuminated by local light sources.

A fan DN gives a simple lampshade, and a petal one, directed upwards with an aperture (bell). Petal DNs are typical for sconces, which are not quite in the subject here, but chandeliers with a fan DN fit into a small living room with dining table in the center or in the kitchen. Especially for the latter: light contributes to the deposition of vapors of organic substances and their bituminization in the liquid phase, so there is no need to particularly illuminate the ceiling here, let the potential soot go into the hood.

Note: the most uniform illumination of the floor area with a minimum consumption of electricity for lighting gives the so-called. cosecant-square DN. However, it turns out with the help of very complex lighting fixtures, walls and ceilings need to be illuminated separately. Mainly used for illumination of large industrial premises, open areas, sports facilities, etc.

Chandelier lamps

Not all manufacturers of household lighting lamps give their spectral characteristics on their websites and in specifications, so sellers most often do not know them. As for economy lamps, it’s easier for an ignorant buyer here: the spectrum is unknown - We take on a color temperature of 4300 K. AT worst case we obtain a continuous bounded spectrum. He will not let you see in all its glory a color postcard or an illustration in a book, but it will not hurt your eyesight. Visually, this light is almost white with a slight yellowness. The norm of electric power of such lamps is 1.8-3.4 W per 1 sq. m of illuminated area depending on the configuration and overall tone of the room design.

Note: phytolamps for shelves with flowers, greenhouses / greenhouses and aquariums cannot be used for general lighting. Their spectrum is sharply lined, it is useful for plants for photosynthesis, but not for humans for vision.

LED lamps are selected, firstly, for a color temperature of 2800-3300 K, yellowish. In whites, the spectrum, as a rule, is lined, which is immediately noticeable: their light hurts the eyes even in a naturally well-lit trading floor. According to visible design features, one should choose globe lamps with a frosted bulb and its deep shank, pos. 1 in fig. If you liked the “corn” lamp, then you need to be guided by the following signs of poses. 2:

• The LED assembly must be covered with a translucent bulb, this guarantees, first of all, the durability of the lamp. "Naked corn", with luminous structures under protective film, sensitive to pollution and external influences in general.
• The number of individual radiating structures should be at least 15-20.
• "Kochan", i.e. the shell-holder of radiating structures must be transparent. In combination with prev. condition, this will give a greater number of re-reflections inside the bulb, greater uniformity of the primary light, and best opportunities formation of a light flux.

In order not to “get” on the line spectrum, one should also avoid imitations of globes and “corn” in the form of light bulbs with a transparent bulb sitting right on the base and a small number of radiating structures, pos. 3. Illumination from them in small room and visually it will be uneven, and the spectrum is most often lined. Also, LED directional lamps, pos. 4. They are intended for auxiliary / service lighting and are harmful to the eyes during prolonged use.

A chandelier in any room has long been not only a device for lighting. It would not be an exaggeration to say that this is the piece of furniture that acts as the main decoration in any room.

Of course, a do-it-yourself chandelier will be a particularly valuable thing. This will not only highlight the special taste of the owners of the house, but also their creative mind.

Despite the fact that deciding to make a lampshade with your own hands for a chandelier, you will need to spend a lot of effort, because the process requires special concentration - for sure, the time of work cannot be considered wasted, since the work will bring incredible pleasure and even a pleasant aftertaste will remain after, and in the future you will definitely want to repeat this kind of work.

If you are thinking about how to make a chandelier, then you have probably already seen that today you can use the most various materials and sometimes quite unusual. For example, very often the ceiling for a chandelier is made of wood or glass.

However, if you want something even more incredible, then you can also use cardboard, wooden skewers, and even wine bottles. The choice here depends solely on the ideas that the creator has, as well as on various kinds wishes of the owners of the apartment.

In addition, a chandelier made from improvised materials must also be created taking into account general interior rooms.

Chandelier made of plastic spoons

Disposable spoons, which most people are used to using exclusively for a picnic, can actually also be one of the simplest and at the same time easily accessible materials for everyone to create an interesting chandelier option for any room.

If you look at a photo of a chandelier of such a plan, you will first of all be struck by the variety of colors, and in the future it will be easy to understand that the material will last a long time.

In addition, in order to create such an interesting piece of furniture, you will need a minimum of financial and material investments.

What materials will be needed?

• Any empty plastic bottle. The only condition is that its volume cannot be less than five liters.
• Any plastic spoons. Their number depends solely on the chosen size of the future chandelier.
• Glue that will allow you to glue the plastic together.
• Cartridge from an old, no longer working chandelier.

The process of creating an original chandelier

Prepare a plastic bottle. First of all, you need to get rid of the label and the bottom, as well as dry it properly.

Remove the plastic spoons and use a knife to remove any handles that are not needed. The only thing to do is to leave a couple of centimeters above the so-called “scoop” level.

Glue the blanks to the base of the prepared bottle. On the “tail” that remains, you need to apply as much as possible more glue and then press it to the surface.

It is very important to continue to cover the entire bottle in this way directly in a circle until the entire prepared perimeter is “occupied” with plastic spoons.

It is best to arrange them in a classic checkerboard pattern and move them together a little.

In this way, it will be possible to reduce the number of "free spots" to a minimum.

• The cover is removed from the old cooked chandelier and placed in a dried bottle.
• If there is a desire, then decorative more often can be done in a similar way.

That's all. It remains only to install the chandelier in the chosen place, and also check its operation by connecting it to the power supply.

Another interesting chandelier option is the chandelier with decorative butterflies. It is worth noting that, having gone to almost any master class for making a chandelier, designers always offer to learn how to create it, which is not surprising, because it can fit perfectly into almost any room interior.

Note!

In addition to the fact that this option looks really luxurious and expensive, even a child can make it with the help of an adult, so its popularity is easily explained.

DIY chandelier photo

Note!

Decorating the house on your own is a favorite pastime of many hostesses, this article reveals how to make a lamp with your own hands. You can revive the interior of a living room, bedroom or hallway with the help of improvised means, only by changing the ceiling of a chandelier, floor lamp or table lamp. Do-it-yourself lampshades for lamps can be used not only in a residential interior, but also in the halls of cafes, pubs, pizzerias.

The choice of materials and lamps for the lamp

Products made for children's rooms should be made from natural non-toxic materials and painted with ecological paints.

When manufacturing, fire safety should also be taken into account, so lampshades made of combustible materials made of paper, plastic, feathers or threads should only be used with lamps that have a low heating temperature.

You need to use LED or fluorescent lamps. They have a number of advantages:

• long service life;
• minimum heating of the base from the glass part;
• light has three shades: warm, cold, neutral.

In addition, such lamps are also called energy-saving, their only drawback can be called high cost.

It is also desirable that the connection of the wire to the base be made by a specialist. Do not try to perform this operation yourself, as this may lead to undesirable consequences. It is more convenient to decorate an existing ceiling frame or make it from durable and not very heavy materials.

The following materials are used to create fixtures: scissors, a mounting knife, fishing line, wire, pliers, a hot gun, in some cases it can be replaced with super glue. They should be used by an adult, it is unacceptable to involve a child in gluing. Since in one case he will get a burn, and in the other he can glue his fingers or stick to the details of the future product.

What can you make a plafond from?

Many craftsmen make lamps from completely unnecessary materials:

• made of plastic or glass bottles;
• newspapers, thin or colored paper;
• artificial or natural threads;
• dried branches of an unusual shape;
• disposable spoons;
• old disks.

plastic lamp

From plastic containers of different volumes, a homemade chandelier is easily obtained.

1. For the base, you need to take a bottle of 5 liters. The bottom is cut off. Then circles with a diameter of 1.5 cm are drawn on the surface. They must be cut with a mounting knife or small scissors.
2. The bottom is cut off from the bottles for decor and the entire surface is cut with scissors into strips 0.5 - 1 cm wide, then the workpiece is heated over the lit burner. Under the influence of heat, the stripes will take on a chaotic appearance.
3. Then blanks are inserted into a 5-liter container with holes, and lids are screwed on the inside. Then a wire is threaded through the large neck and a ceiling is installed. For such a ceiling, you need to use an energy-saving lamp.
4. In some interiors, you can find a fancy lamp made on the basis of an ordinary hanger or a straw hat. In general, nothing can limit the scope of the imagination of both home craftsmen and professional designers.

Plafond from glass bottles

Highly interesting option homemade chandelier is obtained from glass bottles. They are used to decorate the halls of catering establishments. Also this a good option for the kitchen in a residential building or apartment. This can be a ceiling, consisting of one or more bottles, in which the bottom is cut off. You can do this yourself, but it is better to use the services of a workshop where glass and mirrors are cut.

How to use thread

For a lampshade made of threads or ribbons, you will need: finished frame from strong wire, thread different color, scissors, glue.

1. The frame consists of two rings interconnected by metal segments. It can be made independently from durable wire.
2. One color or several shades of thread is required.
3. A thread is fixed on the lower part, then it must be pulled through the upper ring, lowered down and thrown over the lower ring. It is necessary to ensure that the thread is taut and the coils fit snugly together. As soon as the thread ends, you need to attach the next segment to the lower ring.
4. Carefully cut off the rest of the threads and glue them on the back.

Spoons for the lamp

You can make a multi-tiered, colored lamp from ordinary disposable spoons.

1. It is necessary to make a wire frame, for a small round lamp you need to make three circles with a diameter of 12, 18, 26 cm. Then the circles are fastened together with a fishing line. The largest diameter will be at the top, there should be the same distance between them.
2. In spoons, you need to make a small hole with a thick needle at the top of the handle.
3. Spoons stain acrylic paints in three colors, for example, yellow, orange, red.
4. Assembling a homemade chandelier: the fishing line is cut into a length equal to the distance between the circles. A spoon is tied to one end of the fishing line, and the other to the frame. Spoons need to be tied to the lower circle of small diameter yellow color, to the middle - orange and to the top - red.

Lightweight and sleek shade

For a paper ceiling, paper or thin cardboard is suitable. Such a ceiling can be either rectangular or square shape. First you need to consider the size of the ceiling, than more room, the wider the design can be. In a small nursery or hallway, a ceiling with a diameter of 30 - 35 centimeters will look good.

The frame can be made of wire, it will consist of an upper and lower part, consider the manufacture of a cylinder-shaped ceiling.

1. It is necessary to make two circles of wire of the desired diameter. They are interconnected with a fishing line, the distance between the lower and upper frame is 12 - 15 cm, the hoops are fastened with a fishing line in three or four places. The larger the diameter of the base, the more you need to do connecting elements.
2. On a paper blank, you can draw circles of different diameters, figures of cartoon characters. Outline drawings can be taken from the Internet and printed, then redrawn with carbon paper. A special ruler is suitable for drawing circles, or you can outline caps or buttons of different diameters. Some drawings are cut out completely with a clerical knife, some are cut along the contour.
3. The paper is tried on the base and glued with an overlap. Then glued to the wire, can also be fixed with a thin wire. To do this, first make a hole in the paper with a thick needle or awl, then thread the wire and carefully tie it to the frame. It is advisable to glue thin paper, as it is easy to ruin it.

Exclusive ceiling made of metal cans

1. Basins made of any metal are used, an interesting option will be obtained from copper or aluminum containers. An old, used basin will also work. If there is a through hole in it, it must be welded or sealed, for example, with epoxy.
2. inner surface needs to be dyed light color to reflect as much light as possible.
3. The outer surface can be painted in dark, saturated color in harmony with the interior.
4. A fringe about 5 centimeters long is glued to the bottom of the rim with hot glue. In the central part of the basin, it is necessary to make a hole for the wire. It can be drilled with a drill or pierced with a nail.

Such a ceiling can be decorated with a mosaic of CDs. To do this, the disks are cut with sharp scissors into small fragments, which are glued to the outer surface of the pelvis. You can glue only the bottom contour, and paint the rest. Or decorate the entire surface of the ceiling with such a mosaic. The more convex the surface, the smaller the disk fragments should be.

natural materials

The original lamp can be made from a dry branch of an unusual shape. It must be cleaned of bark and covered with stain, then, if desired, treated with transparent varnish. The branch must be attached to a hook on the ceiling with a regular fishing line. Then I wind the wire with the lamp several times onto the branch. A branch entwined with several wires looks beautiful.

You can make a lamp out of plastic hangers. Detailed in the video:

Lamps in different rooms

DIY bottle chandeliers are more suitable for the kitchen. Designs made of glass or plastic will be easy to clean from dust and wash if necessary. For the kitchen, hallway or living room, a lamp made of natural wood.

For a children's room, a ceiling made of painted plastic bottles, a floor lamp made of bright threads or a paper composition is more suitable. The latter option cannot be called durable, but this option will appeal to children. Girls will like the plafond with butterflies, plant elements, boys will like designs with cars, superheroes or bright plastic plafonds.

In some cafes, pubs, original lamps made from bottles are used to decorate the hall. It could be beer bottles. They can serve as both a lamp shade and an interesting frame for a lamp.

Ideas for homemade lamps by location

With your own hands, you can give a new look to the floor lamp. You can decorate the ceiling with fabric, threads, paper with cut-out patterns, and you also do not need to ignore the base and leg of the lamp. They can be painted with acrylics, glazed, decorated with beads. The decor of the lower part of the floor lamp should overlap with the elements in the upper part. The easiest option is to decorate the ceiling solid color lace or lace.

Decoration of lamps

The lower part of the plafond of threads can be decorated with pompoms of the same size hanging on a thread. They are glued on the inside of the frame with glue. Pompoms can hang both on the same and on different height. They can be made in one color or combined in several shades.

For decoration paper lamps you can use lace, thick tulle, beads different sizes. Decorate glass jars or bottles can be glass pebbles, which can be purchased at hardware stores. You can also use buttons of different sizes and colors. Small buttons can be glued even on PVA.

On the new year holidays It is customary to decorate the Christmas tree, but you can also decorate the shades of lamps, floor lamps. Here you can use the usual rain, do-it-yourself snowflakes, Christmas tree figurines, decorative balls and an ordinary garland. If an energy-saving lamp is installed in a wall or floor lamp, then its ceiling can be decorated with paper snowflakes.

wall sconces installed in living rooms, bedrooms, nurseries. After repair, you can use old sconces only by changing them appearance. You can paint the body of the lamp in a light color, and apply bronze or silver paint on top with a hard bristle brush to create a patina effect. If the ceiling is glass, the pattern you like is applied to its surface using a glass stencil. Here you can use contour (they are used to create a stained-glass window) or spray paints.

Lighting devices can not only dispel the darkness, but also give an unusual aura to your interior.

There are many different ideas with which you can make a wall lamp or any other type of lamp with your own hands.

You yourself are able to create a masterpiece that is not in any store.

Creating an extravagant chandelier

Very original item is obtained from the simplest materials, most of which can be saved after a picnic. Lamps from various containers will look spectacular.

For this you will need:

• oval plastic bottle with a capacity of 5 liters;
• disposable spoons;
• cable with cartridge and plug;
• low power LED lamp;
• pliers;
• glue gun;
• screwdriver;
• stationery knife.

To avoid fire, use only LED bulb!

With a knife, carefully cut off the bottom of the bottle, then remove the handles from all plastic spoons. Apply to the cut a small amount of hot glue from a gun, stick them on the bottom of the container.

Approximately you will need about seventeen pieces. Place the next and remaining rows in a checkerboard pattern.

In order to hide the neck of the bottle, put ten to twelve spoons without a handle on the glue so that they form a ring.

Pull the cartridge with the lamp and cable through the hole at the bottom of the bottle.

If you do not want to make this part yourself, you can purchase it in any department of household goods - the wire, socket and plug are already connected together.

Make a hole in the lid for the cord by drilling it with a drill or a hot self-tapping screw. Screw on the lid, put on the previously prepared ring of spoons on top. The exclusive LED luminaire is ready for operation.

A few ideas for creating lampshades

It is enough just to create a lamp from improvised materials for a house or a summer residence.

Idea N1

• any hollow dishes (it can be an old pan or flower pot);
• wire;
• polyurethane foam and gloves;
• paint and brush;
• sharp knife;
• pliers.

Place the object taken as a basis upside down. Wind the wire around the product the way you want to see the lampshade, since all the turns copy its shape. Put on gloves and squeeze the foam a little bit onto the frame so that it completely covers the wire, leave to dry.

Then, using a knife, give the contours more evenness and paint in any color. This option will be the best for a street lamp.

Idea N2 is a classic

• thick wire;
• pliers;
• small water bottle.

Note!

To make the top central element wind a coil of wire onto the bottle, then remove it and cut off the excess. The ends must be fixed so that they form a ring whose diameter should allow the cartridge to pass through at the bottom, and prevent it from coming out at the top.

Next, you need to make a large outer ring from the wire. To secure it, you will need four equal pieces of wire. Connect one edge of each with a small one, and the other with a large ring. The upper part of the lamp is ready.

The largest will be the lower circle of wire, it must be attached to the second upper one, evenly placing five identical pieces of wire.

To decorate the frame, pass the wire through the second upper ring, giving it a wavy shape, wind it onto the base. Do the same for the bottom ring.

Note!

On a walk through the forest, take an interestingly shaped branch with you, an excellent wooden lamp will come out of it. Wash the branch and peel off the bark from it with a knife, varnish it for wood. For good stability, screw the lamp to a heavy stand with screws, it can also serve as a tree.

A better option is an oak, find a broken branch and saw off a circle of at least five centimeters thick from it. Coat it with varnish or paint it too.

Making a lampshade with children

There is an option for making a lampshade with children. For the frame, you need a canister or bottle with a capacity of five liters. You need to roll the paper strips into a tube, it is best to wind them around a pencil or sushi stick, then glue the remaining edge with glue.

These blanks must be glued to the frame in several layers so that there are no gaps. When the glue dries, you can put the lampshade on a table lamp or make a ceiling lamp that looks very unusual.

Experienced needlewomen can knit or crochet a lampshade, decorating it with knitted flowers and ribbons.

To give the product the correct shape, you can use a starch solution or ordinary PVA glue. Look at the proposed photos of knitted lamps, how much tenderness and comfort they have!

Note!

This article told you how to make a lamp with your own hands. Using the information received and your own imagination, now you can create an exclusive lighting fixture for any room.

DIY lamp photo

Chandeliers and lamps in the premises of a house, apartment, cottage play a special role. They give each room its own style and are an interior decoration, especially if they are. Although such chandeliers are expensive, as they are made by hand.

DIY wooden chandelier with energy-saving lamps

If you want, then with a little effort and turning on your imagination, you can make something special, individual, something that will give the room a special originality. This will not only save money, but also make the chandelier exclusive. Households and guests will admire her, you can also earn money on this.

Master classes that are available on the Internet in large numbers, their own ingenuity, as well as the desire to create with their own hands will help to make a chandelier from improvised materials. There are no restrictions in design, as well as in the materials used.

Chandelier materials

Before proceeding to the manufacture of a chandelier with your own hands, you need to decide:

• for what room it will be made (kitchen, bedroom, living room, hall, etc.);
• with the style in which it will be performed (business, romantic, classic, rustic, etc.).

These factors will help you choose the right material. It can be very different: fabrics, wood, plastic products, threads, lace, beads and much more. The first question concerns the foundation. There are many options here too. Old unfashionable chandeliers, metal and wooden hoops and frames, wire. Fantasy should not be limited. Everything will do, the main thing is to make the lamp carefully. Its appearance depends on it.

Chandelier for living room

Chandelier for the living room should be elegant and solemn. The figure shows one of the manufacturing options, made of beads. A master class for making such a chandelier begins with the selection necessary materials and tool. In this case, you will need:

• hoop;
• beads;
• strong threads or easily bending wire;
• nippers or scissors;
• spray;
• glue gun.

The hoop can be used plastic, metal or wood. It is better to wrap it with fabric or ribbons in the color of the future chandelier. You can combine fabrics - this will only make it more original.

Elegant chandelier made of beads with your own hands

You can buy the cheapest beads in the store or use the old ones available at home. It's okay if they are different colors. Then you can use the spray to give them the desired color.

Beads are strung on a thread or a thin wire and then intertwined with each other. The pattern may be as shown in the photo, or may be made in a different style. A glue gun will help to fix the beads in the right places. The strung threads are attached to the hoop with a thin wire. This is how a lamp design is created using beads. Other products can be additionally used in the decor, but this is already the taste of the manufacturer.

Currently, many lovers of making chandeliers with their own hands use material such as LEDs. Particularly popular led strip. It turns out economical and very effective lamps.

LED strips for chandeliers

The following types of tapes are used:

• SMD 3528 with 60, 120 and 240 lamps;
• SMD 5050 with 30, 60 and 120 lamps.

LED strips are produced with a length of 5 m, with varying degrees of protection, which allows them to be used in rooms where humidity is high (IP44).

When creating a chandelier with your own hands from several colors, you must observe the polarity when soldering and install the controller. It will allow you to use the remote control to adjust the brightness and switch the light.

Chandelier for nursery

Making a chandelier for a child's room is not difficult at all. It must be remembered that in this room there should be an atmosphere of childhood, and it is connected with the flora and fauna. Therefore, most often such a chandelier is made with butterflies, fish, flowers, various plants, and fabrics with a children's pattern are also used.

Original DIY chandeliers with butterflies

The work begins with thinking through the design. The photo shows what you need to have to make such lamps:

• frame;
• thin strong threads;
• white cardboard;
• pencil;
• scissors;
• sharp knife;
• butterfly stencils of different sizes;
• glue;
• screws for fastening the structure to the frame or ceiling.

To make a white chandelier, it is necessary to draw the silhouettes of butterflies on cardboard of the appropriate length using stencils, cut them out and then connect them to the frame, securely glue and fasten them. Inside the lamp different lengths hang on thin threads of butterflies. If you add beads to these threads, then the chandelier in the nursery will have quite original design. When you turn on the light, moving shadows will be cast on the walls of the nursery, which kids really like.

A chandelier designed for the bedroom should have an unusual decor. The design of such a lamp should be conducive to coziness and comfort. It is appropriate to use fabrics, napkins, threads, etc. The photo shows a small chandelier in the bedroom, made by hand using lace napkins. The master class consists of the following steps:

• inflate the balloon to the required size;
• lubricate with vaseline;
• then grease with PVA glue;
• apply napkins;
• let the structure dry;
• blow off the ball.

It remains only to put the chandelier on the cartridge, insert a lamp into it, best of all energy-saving or LED, and run the wire from the switch.

Chandelier from napkins for the bedroom

The photo shows a handmade chandelier made of flowers. The manufacturing technology is similar to the manufacture of a chandelier with butterflies. Only here it is necessary to make a more complex framework. This lamp looks great in the bedroom. Subdued light and glare on the walls will create a unique atmosphere.

Flower lamp in the bedroom

Chandelier in the kitchen

It is impossible to imagine the interior of the kitchen without the original lamp. Here the flight of the manufacturer's imagination depends on the materials used.

DIY twine chandelier for the kitchen

This original lamp made from twine. Suitable for a country-style kitchen. Its master class on its manufacture consists of the following steps:

• make a frame consisting of 3 hoops located at some distance from each other. Install thick wire partitions between them (it is best to weld);
• then, taking the twine, wind it up and down, as seen in the photo.

It will not take much time to make such a chandelier with your own hands, and the cost of materials will be minimal. But with its design and originality, it will outshine purchased copies.

Another type of lamp in the kitchen, which you can do with your own hands, deserves close attention.

DIY thread chandelier

The manufacture of such a chandelier is described by many masters in master classes posted on the Internet. The step by step steps are as follows:

• inflate a balloon;
• lubricate with vaseline;
• grease with PVA glue;
• wind the threads (you can use multi-colored ones);
• grease with PVA glue;
• let the product dry;
• release the air from the balloon and take it out.

It remains only to insert a cartridge with a light bulb, conduct wiring in the right place and install a switch so that it is convenient to turn the lamp on and off.

In the distribution network you can buy various chandeliers and lamps that have standard dimensions. The handmade market offers a variety of ready-made modules. At home, you can, rummaging through old things, find materials and designs that are suitable for making chandeliers with your own hands. They are easy to assemble original design. Master classes that are easy to find in the literature and the Internet will help in this.

How to do. Video

The video will share useful tips on how to make a quality chandelier with your own hands.

By adding your imagination, you can create an original, one-of-a-kind chandelier that will become an exclusive design element of your home. The premises of an apartment, house, cottage will be the personification of comfort and originality, and all thanks to the chandeliers and lamps made by the master with a soul, in an atmosphere of creative inspiration.