Marigold (Calendula). Calendula (marigold officinalis): composition, properties and uses

In the article we are talking about calendula - medicinal properties oh and the use of medicinal plants. You will learn what calendula helps with and how to use it properly to treat diseases. Using our tips, you will learn how to prepare plant-based medicines.

Appearance (photo) of calendula Calendula officinalis (lat. Calendula officinalis) - herbaceous plant genus Calendula of the Asteraceae family. Calendula officinalis is nothing more than garden marigolds - bright yellow and orange flowers with many petals.

What does it look like

Calendula officinalis - an annual upright plant, grows up to 20-75 cm. The root of the plant is taproot.

Calendula has thick ribbed shoots of light green color with pubescent sticky glandular hairs. The leaves are simple, alternate, elongated or oval, light green. The leaves of the plant are pubescent with sparse hard hairs.

On a single-row wrapper there are narrow leaves. The flowers are yellow or orange, reed, shiny above, and dull below. Tubular flowers - small yellow, orange or dark brown. How does calendula bloom? The flowers of the plant are collected in baskets with a diameter of 5-6 cm. In the photo below, calendula - when the plant blooms - from June to autumn frosts. By the way, the flowers of the plant are used to prepare calendula oil, read more in.

Fruit ripens in July-September. Calendula fruits - achenes different shapes and magnitude. The plant propagates by seeds. For more information, see the article calendula seeds.

Where does it grow

Calendula officinalis is cultivated in European countries since temperate climate, Asia and Australia. The origin of the plant is unknown.

Calendula - pretty unpretentious plant, loves light and tolerates frosts down to -5 degrees.

calendula flowers

In this section, we will talk about calendula flowers - useful properties and contraindications to their use, because it is the inflorescences that are used as medicinal raw materials.

Chemical composition

Chemical composition of calendula flowers:

• carotenoids;
• flavonoids;
• polyphenols;
• polysaccharides;
• resins;
• mucus;
• essential oil;
• organic acids;
• B vitamins;
• vitamin C;
• magnesium;
• calcium;
• potassium;
• manganese;
• fluorine.

Medicinal properties

Calendula flowers - medicinal properties:

• antibacterial;
• bactericidal;
• antiviral;
• anti-inflammatory;
• soothing;
• antispasmodic;
• painkiller;
• anticancer;
• anticoagulant;
• expectorant;
• anticonvulsant;
• diuretic;
• diaphoretic;
• immunomodulatory.

We have listed the medicinal properties of calendula, now we will tell you what pharmacological effect the plant has on the human body.

Calendula medicinal use has long been received in folk medicine. The plant is used to treat colds of ENT organs, SARS and influenza. In addition, calendula-based medicines are used to eliminate the symptoms of herpes. The plant has antibacterial, bactericidal and antiviral effects. Eliminates foci of inflammation in the body, increases the productivity of coughing and strengthens the immune system. Read more in the article calendula from the throat.

Calendula helps with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, gastritis and ulcers are treated with decoctions and tinctures of plants. Marigold-based medicines eliminate inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, improve digestion.

With high anti-inflammatory properties, calendula is useful for all infectious diseases. The plant is used for inflammation of the urinary system, c. Equally important is the diuretic effect - not only for the treatment of cystitis and pyelonephritis, but also to reduce pressure.

Calendula flowers and grass have healing properties in relation to the cardiovascular system. The plant not only lowers blood pressure due to a diuretic effect, but also thins the blood and prevents the formation of blood clots, improves heart function. Calendula helps to increase the amplitude of heart contractions and slows down their speed. The plant helps to increase the elasticity of the vascular walls, helps calendula. With hemorrhoids, candles with calendula are used.

How useful is calendula? It has a calming effect on the central nervous system, reduces the severity of reflex excitability. With analgesic and antispasmodic properties, calendula eliminates headaches and reduces the intensity of migraine attacks.

Calendula is used not only in traditional medicine, but also in home cosmetology. Calendula flowers and herb have been used in medicines, for example, and.

For more information about calendula in cosmetology, see the following video:

How to collect

Marigold flowers are harvested repeatedly from the beginning of flowering grass until frost.. Dry under awnings in well-ventilated areas or in electric dryers at a temperature of 50-60 degrees. Shelf life - 2 years.

Application

Let's talk more about the use of medicinal calendula. Here are the prescriptions for medicines.

Decoction of calendula

Calendula decoction Calendula decoction helps with what? The medicine is used to eliminate pain in the gastrointestinal tract and during menstruation, treat diseases of the gallbladder and liver, proctitis, hemorrhoids. A decoction of the plant helps with colds and flu, relieves anxiety and insomnia.

Ingredients:

1. Calendula inflorescences - 2 tablespoons.
2. Hot boiled water - 200 ml.

How to cook: Place dried calendula flowers in a heavy-bottomed pot and cover with hot boiled water. Put on water bath and heat for 15 minutes. cool the broth for an hour. Before use, strain and bring the volume to the original by adding cold boiled water.

How to use: Take 2 tablespoons orally 2-3 times a day before meals. Also, the decoction is used in the form of enemas - 1 teaspoon per ¼ cup of water. In gynecology, a tampon is moistened in a decoction and inserted into the vagina at night.

Alcohol tincture of calendula

What does calendula tincture help with? Alcohol tincture is a more concentrated preparation, compared to a decoction. It has high antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. It is used internally for colds and flu, as well as externally for disinfection and healing of wounds and burns. Helps calendula from allergies.

Ingredients:

1. Dry calendula inflorescences - 250 g.
2. Vodka - 100 ml.

How to cook: Pour dry raw materials into a glass jar or bottle, fill with vodka. Infuse the drug for 2 weeks in a dark and dry place.

How to use: Inside, take 20-30 drops 2-3 times a day. For external use, make compresses with calendula tincture. Read more about the benefits of calendula tincture. You may also be interested in learning about calamus and calendula tincture.

Calendula tincture photo:
Calendula tincture is sold in a pharmacy

Ointment with calendula

Ointment with calendula has a bactericidal, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effect. Use ointment to accelerate the healing of wounds, cracks and deep cuts. The drug helps with infectious skin diseases and allergies, protects against the harmful effects of aggressive sunlight and frost.

Ingredients:

1. Dry calendula flowers - 100 g.
2. Melted lard - 200 g.

How to cook: Grind dry flowers to powder and mix with melted lard. Place the mixture in a water bath and heat until smooth. Cool and pour into a glass jar, refrigerate.

How to use: Apply a small amount of ointment to the problem areas of the skin and lightly rub. Repeat the procedure 2-3 times a day.

Read more about calendula ointment in.

Contraindications

In this section, we will talk about calendula - indications and contraindications for the use of plant-based medicines.

Indications:

• colds, SARS, influenza;
• gastritis, stomach and intestinal ulcers;
• intestinal disorders;
• diseases of the biliary tract and liver;
• heart diseases that occur with rhythm disturbance;
• hypertension;
• proctitis and hemorrhoids;
• headaches;
• bleeding gums and other dental diseases;
• dermatological diseases;
• wounds and burns;
• cystitis;
• inflammatory gynecological diseases;
• painful menstruation.

Contraindications:

• individual intolerance;
• low blood pressure;
• heart failure;
• pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding;
• simultaneous reception of anticoagulants;
• concomitant use of sedatives;
• concomitant use of antidepressants.

Before using calendula-based medicines, be sure to consult your doctor.

Classification

Taxonomic position:

• department: Flowering;
• class: Dicotyledons;
• order: Astrocolor;
• family: Asteraceae;
• genus: Calendula;
• species: Calendula officinalis.

Varieties

The genus Calendula includes about 20 species, the most famous are 2 species:

• calendula officinalis;
• field calendula.

Calendula medicinal infographic

Photo of calendula officinalis, her beneficial features and application
Calendula infographic

What to remember

1. Calendula officinalis or marigold is a plant that has beneficial properties, including bactericidal, anti-inflammatory, strengthening and others.
2. On the basis of calendula, decoctions, alcohol tinctures and ointments are prepared. In the pharmaceutical industry, suppositories with calendula are made, which are used to treat hemorrhoids.
3. Before using medicines based on calendula, be sure to consult a doctor, the plant has contraindications for use.

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In the article we discuss calendula - medicinal properties and contraindications to the use of the plant.

You will learn how to properly collect and harvest calendula, as well as what preparations based on it are used in medicine and home cosmetology.

Calendula

(lat. Calendula) is a genus of herbaceous flowering annual plants of the Aster family. In the people, calendula is called medicinal marigold for the characteristic appearance of seeds.

Calendula has apical multi-flowered baskets from bright orange to pale yellow color. The petals are elongated, arranged in 1-2 rows.

The brighter the color of calendula flowers, the higher the content of carotene.

Stem erect, ribbed, pubescent with glandular hairs. Calendula leaves are sessile, lanceolate closer to the inflorescence and elongated, obovate at the base of the plant.

The fruit of calendula officinalis is an achene. Claw-like seeds are arranged in 2-3 rows. Seeds ripen in August. Calendula blooms from mid-June to late September. Plant height from 30 to 70 cm, depending on the type and variety.

Calendula grows in southwestern Europe, in Central Asia.

Chemical composition of calendula officinalis:

• Flowers contain flavonoids and carotenoids, polysaccharides, essential oils, organic acids (ascorbic, malic, salicylic), resins, nitrogen-containing components.
• The aerial green part of the plant contains up to 10% of the bitter substance - calendene, as well as triterpene saponin, which enhances the secretion of the bronchial glands and is used as an expectorant.
• Marigold seeds contain fatty acids (lauric and palmitic acids) and alkaloids.
• The roots of the plant contain inulin.

Calendula is grown as an ornamental and medicinal plant. In cosmetology and medicine, medicinal marigolds are valued for their high bactericidal properties.

In addition, calendula has a calming effect, relieves nervous excitability, lowers blood pressure, and has a mucolytic effect when coughing.

Indications for the use of calendula

Calendula is used to treat a wide range of ailments:

• gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastritis, colitis;
• diseases of the liver and spleen;
• hypertension, heart rhythm disturbances;
• angina, bronchial diseases;
• diseases of the oral cavity - stomatitis, periodontal disease;
• dermatological diseases, wounds, abrasions;
• gynecological diseases - cervical erosion, fibroma, vaginitis;
• oncological diseases - as part of complex therapy.

Contraindications to the use of calendula

Calendula officinalis has no absolute contraindications, however, it should be used with extreme caution and under medical supervision when:

• hypotension (low blood pressure);
• pregnancy;
• joint use with sedative (soothing) drugs;
• cardiovascular diseases;
• gallstone disease;
• childhood.

If you are allergic to the components of the plant, the use of calendula officinalis should be completely abandoned.

How to harvest a plant

Harvesting of calendula inflorescences is carried out during the entire flowering period, mainly in dry weather. Maximum healing power calendula flowers are collected by 12 noon, so it is advisable to collect during this period of time.

Regular collection stimulates the formation of new inflorescences and up to 20 collections of raw materials can be made during the summer.

Only freshly blossomed flowers of the plant are collected, carefully cutting them along with the peduncles, without violating their integrity. Fresh material is thoroughly cleaned of organic debris and dried.

Its medicinal properties directly depend on the proper drying of calendula inflorescences. Flowers must be dried natural way without the use of artificial heating and avoid direct sunlight on raw materials.

In order for calendula to retain all its healing properties during drying, it is necessary:

• Choose a dry, well-ventilated and shaded area to dry. Perfect option- attic or terrace.
• Carefully lay out the peeled inflorescences in one layer on clean sheets of paper.
• Throughout the process, gently rotate the inflorescences to dry evenly.
• Do not damage inflorescences.

Subject to all conditions, the calendula will be ready for use in medicinal purposes already in a week.

It is necessary to store medicinal raw materials separately from other plants and food products in a dry, dark place in clean paper envelopes or linen bags. Shelf life of calendula is not more than 1 year.

Tincture of calendula

Tincture of calendula flowers is a drug with a bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effect. The release form is a glass bottle of 50 ml.

The ratio of medicinal raw materials in the preparation is 1:10, the extractant is ethanol (alcohol) 70%. The average cost of calendula tincture is 50 rubles.

Used as a local disinfectant:

• with damage to the skin (wounds, suppuration, burns);
• with inflammation of the oral mucosa, gum disease (stomatitis, gingivitis);
• with ENT diseases (tonsillitis, pharyngitis);
• as a choleretic agent.

Taking calendula tincture internally

How to use: dilute the tincture in ¼ cup before taking drinking water. Dosage - 10-20 drops 3 times a day 15 minutes before meals.

The course of admission depends on the nature of the disease. Before use, a consultation with the attending physician is necessary.

External use for wounds and bruises

How to use: treat the damaged area with a cotton swab or disc soaked in calendula tincture. In the form of compresses - dilute 1 tsp. drug in 1 glass of water.

For mouth and throat rinses

How to use: dilute 1 tsp. tinctures in 0.5-1 glass of drinking water. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks. Before use, a consultation with the attending physician is necessary.

Acne tincture of calendula

Thanks to its antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties, calendula tincture helps fight acne. The drug dries up acne inflammation and promotes their rapid healing.

Mode of application:

• For spot inflammations - soak a cotton swab in calendula tincture and gently treat each acne inflammation.
• To treat large areas of inflammation - dilute calendula tincture in clean water in a ratio of 1:1. Use a cotton pad to treat the problem area of ​​the skin. With increased sensitivity of the skin, the ratio of tincture and water is 1: 2, where 2 parts are water.

Calendula tincture for the face

Calendula tincture is used not only to fight acne, but also as an active ingredient in the preparation of nourishing lotions and rejuvenating face masks.

It is important to remember that calendula tincture contains alcohol, so it should be used with extreme caution for dry and sensitive skin.

Calendula tincture for hair

Calendula tincture is also used to restore the structure and activate hair growth, to combat dandruff and seborrhea. On its basis, masks and rinsing compositions for hair are prepared.

Reviews about tincture of calendula

Below are reviews on the use of calendula tincture for medicinal and cosmetic purposes:

Svetlana, 42 years old

I always keep tincture of calendula in my medicine cabinet. It is great for relieving inflammation in the throat. Usually 2-3 times are enough to remove the pain.

Lina, 22 years old

Since the age of 15, I have been burning pimples on my face with the help of tincture. No acne cream is able to deal with blackheads so quickly.

You can make your own calendula tincture. How to prepare calendula tincture at home, see the video:

Ointment with calendula

On the basis of calendula tincture, a homeopathic ointment with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and reparative effects is sold.

The composition of the ointment with calendula:

• The active substance is a tincture of calendula.
• The excipient is vaseline.

The ointment is intended for the treatment of cracks in the skin and diaper rash. The average cost of an ointment, depending on the manufacturer, is from 30 to 80 rubles per tube of 25-30 g.

How to use: Apply thin layer on the damaged area of ​​the skin 1-2 times a day. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks.

With calendula ointment, you can make warm compresses at night - apply a thin layer of ointment to the skin, put gauze or bandage folded in 2-3 layers on top, warmly wrap the place of the compress. During the night, the ointment will be absorbed, and in the morning the compress can be removed.

In addition, with the help of ointment, cracks in the heels can be treated. Before use, wash your feet, slightly steam the skin on your feet, apply the ointment to dry skin with massaging movements. You can apply the ointment for the treatment of cracked heels up to 3 times a day.

Ointment with calendula for the face

Ointment with calendula is popular in home cosmetology for the high content of carotene in its composition. Carotene, penetrating into the cells of the upper layers of the skin, stimulates the production of vitamin A (retinol).

Vitamin A stimulates the process of skin cell renewal, neutralizes the action of toxins, helps to reduce skin pigmentation, rosacea (vascular networks), acne. Unlike alcohol tincture with calendula, the ointment can be used for dry skin.

Mode of application:

• For the treatment of problem skin, rosacea and the prevention of acne, apply calendula ointment at night on cleansed skin 2-3 times a week.
• To protect the skin from chapping, overdrying and frostbite in winter, apply a thin layer of ointment to the skin of the face and hands before going outside.

Ointment with calendula is quite oily, so after application, you can remove the remnants of the ointment by blotting the skin with a paper handkerchief or napkin.

Ointment with calendula for hemorrhoids

The ointment does not treat hemorrhoids, but is used only in complex therapy. It helps to alleviate the symptoms of the disease during an exacerbation - heals anal fissures and relieves bleeding of hemorrhoidal cones.

How to use: apply 1 cm of ointment to a cotton swab, spread the ointment evenly over it. Gently insert the swab into the anus. It is necessary to carry out the procedure after emptying the intestines and thoroughly cleansing the anus with a mild baby soap. You can apply the ointment in the morning or in the evening. The course of treatment is 2 weeks. Re-treatment should be in a month.

Reviews of ointment with calendula

Irina, 51 years old

Calendula ointment helps me relieve pain during exacerbation of hemorrhoids. The use of the ointment does not cause discomfort. After application, a pleasant warmth is felt.

Marina, 38 years old

It seems like an ordinary cheap ointment, but how many problems it can solve! Calendula ointment saves me from cracked heels and corns. The ointment has a bactericidal effect and softens the skin.

Ointment with calendula can also be prepared independently. How to do it, look at the video:

Candles with calendula

Candles with calendula extract are used for hemorrhoids and in complex therapy in the treatment of gynecological diseases. Candles heal damage to the mucous surface, have an anti-inflammatory effect and stimulate local immunity.

Composition of candles with calendula:

• The active substance is calendula extract.
• Excipients - lanolin, cocoa butter.

Candles with calendula in gynecology

Candles help fight such female diseases as:

• vaginitis (or colpitis) - inflammation of the vaginal mucosa;
• salpingoophoritis - inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries;
• endometritis - inflammation of the functional lining of the uterus;
• endocervicitis - inflammation of the cervix;
• violation of the microflora of the vagina;
• dryness, cracks, irritation on the walls of the vagina;
• fungal diseases.

Method of application: suppositories are injected directly into the vagina once a day at bedtime. Before use, a specialist consultation is necessary. The duration of the course of treatment with suppositories with calendula is prescribed by the attending physician. Usually it is 1-2 weeks.

Candles with calendula for hemorrhoids

In addition to vaginal suppositories, they also produce rectal suppositories for the treatment of hemorrhoids and the removal of inflammatory processes in the rectum.

Unlike ointments, suppositories are easy to use, relieve not only the symptoms of hemorrhoids, but also help fight the inflammatory process in the entire rectum.

Method of application: suppositories are injected into the rectum after performing hygiene procedures at bedtime once a day. The duration of treatment is 2-3 weeks.

Before the first use, it is necessary to clarify the diagnosis with a proctologist.

Calendula officinalis is a type of herbaceous annual plant from the Asteraceae family. A better known name is marigolds. Many people grow this crop in areas with a decorative purpose, not realizing the rich medicinal properties of the plant. The cultivation of marigolds is simple - the plant is unpretentious either to the soil or to the growing conditions.

Plant height is 70 cm. Flowering occurs in July-August, the flowers are yellow-orange. It is the flowers and flower baskets that are of medicinal value.

Calendula has pronounced medicinal properties, but like any medicinal plant has a number of contraindications for use.

The chemical composition and medicinal properties of calendula

Calendula preparations

have a calming effect on the central nervous system; reduce the severity of reflex excitability; reduce blood pressure; improve heart function by increasing the amplitude of heart contractions and slowing down their speed; have a bactericidal effect on a number of dangerous microorganisms, including streptococci and staphylococci; active against herpes virus and influenza type A; have wound healing and anti-inflammatory properties; relieve spasms of smooth muscles; increase the intensity of immunity; protect the body from oncological degeneration of cells by binding free radicals.

Medicines and recipes with calendula are used in the treatment of:

various dermatitis, acne, non-healing wounds and burns; gastritis, peptic ulcer; diseases of the biliary tract and liver; heart diseases occurring with rhythm disturbance; high blood pressure; climacteric problems; bowel disorders; proctitis, paraproctitis and hemorrhoids; inflammation of the bladder; gynecological inflammatory processes, cervical erosion; dental pathology, including bleeding gums and inflammation; angina and tonsillitis.

Calendula contraindications

Plant preparations should not be used by people suffering from cardiovascular insufficiency and hypotension, as well as by pregnant and lactating women. You can not use calendula with individual intolerance. Use with caution in patients with bronchial asthma, hay fever and a tendency to allergies.

You can not use calendula inside while taking synthetic and herbal sedatives and antidepressants. If you need to control a car and complex mechanisms, it is not recommended to take calendula preparations inside.

Side effects

External use of calendula rarely leads to undesirable effects, among which allergic reactions are possible in the form of a rash, itching. When taken internally, nausea, bitterness in the mouth, heaviness in the gastrointestinal tract, drowsiness and decreased performance are possible.

Collection and preparation of medicinal raw materials

The ideal condition for collecting inflorescences is the first or second day after they have blossomed. Flower baskets are cut off or cut off together with a part of the peduncle up to 3 cm. Fresh raw materials must be cleaned of stem and organic impurities.

During the summer period, you can collect calendula several times, since the flowers bloom unevenly (after about 3-4 days), and cutting the peduncle leads to the growth of new stems with flowers, flowering is extended until the frost. If you do not cut the inflorescences, the yield of calendula drops, the seeds wither and the intensity of flowering decreases.

Drying of the collected raw materials is carried out in dryers at T not more than 45 C for 4 hours. It can also be dried naturally in shady places. Raw materials are considered ready if, when pressed on the inflorescences, they do not separate. The shelf life of inflorescences is 2 years.

Pharmaceutical preparations of calendula

Calendula is produced in the form of dry raw materials, and is also used as a component of some herbal preparations. Cosmetic skin care creams often contain calendula extract. Most Popular dosage forms plants:

Folk recipes for marigolds

Infusion or decoction of calendula

It is used to treat the liver, spleen, gallbladder. Effective for spasmodic pain in the gastrointestinal tract and menstrual pain, bladder stones, proctitis, hemorrhoids. Helps to get rid of cough, rhinitis, tonsillitis and lower blood pressure. Promotes healing of inflammations, fistulas. Relieves anxiety and insomnia. Strengthens hair roots.

Preparation: 2 tbsp. dry inflorescences are placed in a thick-walled pan and pour 200 ml of hot boiled water, cover with a lid and incubate in a water bath for about 15 minutes, after which it is left to cool for 45 minutes. The finished infusion is filtered, the raw materials are squeezed out and the liquid volume is adjusted to 200 ml by adding chilled boiled water. Storage is allowed for 2 days in the refrigerator.

inside - 2 tbsp. 2-3 times a day in a warm form before meals. In the case of painful menstruation, the infusion is started 1-2 before menstruation; in the form of enemas - 1 tsp. a quarter cup of water; in gynecology - a sterile swab is impregnated with infusion and inserted into the vagina at night; externally - wipe problem areas, use for gargling and rinsing hair; in equal dilution with 3% solution boric acid injected into the fistula canal.

Butter

It has a disinfectant, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effect. Very effective at various diseases skin - ulcers, cuts, frostbite, burns. They are also used for everyday skin care of any type, protecting it from the sun in summer and frost in winter.

Preparation: fresh inflorescences are placed in glassware so that they fill ¾ of its volume, pour vegetable oil to the edge of the container and close the lid. The container is placed in a dark place for 10 days, periodically shaking the contents. After 10 days have passed, the oil is filtered and placed in the refrigerator. Outdoor use:
for sunburn: a few drops of oil are applied to damaged skin after the redness subsides a little;
for the treatment of skin folds of babies: gently rub into dry skin after bathing;
skin conditions, bruising, cracked nipples: oil lubrication problem areas 2-3 times a day. Internal use: for gastritis, ulcers, liver pathology, colitis, neurasthenia, menopause - 1 tbsp. twice a day before meals.

Oil extract

It has active anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. It is used for irrigation of the nasal cavity in chronic rhinitis, pharynx with tonsillitis.

Preparation: Dry flowers 50 g are poured into 150 ml of 70% alcohol, infused for 2 days, filtered several times through 5 layers of gauze, injected olive oil in the ratio of 7 parts to 1 part of the infusion and boil on the smallest fire for 7 hours. Cool and store in the refrigerator. Application:
for irrigation of the pharynx 3 ml per 1 procedure
for the treatment of the nasal cavity 1.5 ml per 1 procedure
The course is 2 weeks, 1 procedure per day.

Ointment

It has bactericidal, reparative and anti-inflammatory properties. Helps to heal difficult to heal wounds, cracks, fungal and bacterial infections of the skin, reduce the severity of varicose veins. Effective in the treatment of any dermatitis, including allergic ones. Men can use the ointment to relieve irritation after shaving, and women can use it to care for the skin of their hands and face, and protect it from the harmful effects of the sun, frost, detergents etc. You can use the ointment for the care of children's skin.

Preparation: 100 g of dry inflorescences are crushed to a state of powder and mixed with 200 g of melted lard, after which the mixture is placed in a water bath, stirring and holding until a homogeneous state is obtained. After cooling, the mixture is poured into a jar and put in the refrigerator. Application: apply a small amount of ointment to the problem area of ​​​​the skin and gently rub (2-3 times a day).

The juice

Has a whitening effect and discolors freckles, dark spots. Helps to speed up the healing of herpetic eruptions or prevent them with early treatment.

Preparation: crush fresh inflorescences and squeeze the juice out of them. Application: lubricate problem areas with point movements 2-3 times a day.

Alcohol tincture

It has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral effects. Preparation: About 250 g of dry inflorescences are poured into 100 ml of vodka and insisted in a dark place for 2 weeks. Application: for gargling, irrigation of purulent wounds, poorly healing skin lesions, including burns, eczema, dilute 1 part of the tincture with 9 parts of cooled boiling water and apply 2-3 times a day.

Marigold flower tea

Calendula is edible. It has a bitter-tart taste and is used in many countries as a spice and additive to the dough, as well as salted inflorescences for later addition to soups and salads; The smell of calendula is not tolerated by many garden and fruit pests, therefore, a flower bed with a plant near plantings will save the crop from insects; In India and China, the plant is especially revered and used in various rituals; European Catholics associate the plant with innocence, considering it the flower of the Virgin Mary; Prolonged viewing of the bright flowers of the plant improves mood, and all thanks to their bright color!

Despite the fact that the use of calendula is relevant in many areas of human life, the flower received a special demand as a medicinal raw material. Everyone can take advantage of the unique healing qualities of the plant. The main thing is to take into account both the medicinal properties and contraindications of calendula.

In the people, medicinal calendula is called marigold. This is beautiful plant, with juicy and strong stems, elongated leaves and attractive chamomile-like flowers.

Unlike many other medicinal plants, calendula has a bright "appearance" - the juicy yellow and orange petals of its inflorescences not only attract attention, but also cheer up.

Ancient healers believed that one glance at a blooming calendula was enough to forget about sorrows, and at the same time improve eyesight.

The flowers of the plant really have this ability, due to the content of carotene, from which vitamin A is synthesized in the body. Only to achieve a therapeutic effect is not enough just to admire the beauty of the flower, you need an internal intake of funds prepared on the basis of its inflorescences. And the color orange itself has the ability to stimulate nervous system and is used in color therapy to eliminate depression and nervous fatigue.

But the amazing healing properties of calendula do not end there. Almost all ground parts of marigolds are rich in valuable elements, the impact of which helps in the fight against various diseases.

Pharmacological value of marigolds

Calendula flowers have the most pronounced healing power.

Flower baskets contain a huge amount of such substances:

• Carotenoids - organic natural pigments that neutralize the action of free radicals. Especially valuable representatives of the class are provitamins A - the precursors of vitamin A.
• Flavonoids - vegetable organic compounds, which have antispasmodic, healing, choleretic and diuretic effects.
• Triterpenoids - acid-containing organic compounds that provide anti-inflammatory effects, improve the conduction of nerve impulses and lower cholesterol.
• Sterols - organic substances, derivatives of steroids that neutralize the action of cholesterol and reduce its level in the blood.
• Essential oils that suppress the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms.
• Salicylic acid is a compound with pronounced antiseptic, analgesic, antirheumatic and anti-inflammatory properties.
• Coumarins - substances whose pharmacological activity is expressed in antispasmodic, antitumor and anticoagulant action.

In addition, marigold inflorescences are rich in trace elements such as:

• potassium and magnesium, supporting the work of the heart muscle;
• iron and calcium, necessary for normal hematopoiesis;
• zinc, which strengthens the immune system;
• copper for the relief of inflammatory processes;
• molybdenum, which prevents the demineralization of tooth enamel;
• as well as selenium, which prevents the formation of atypical cells.

The stems and leaves of calendula contain phytoncides, thanks to which the plant can be used as an antibacterial agent, and tannins. And marigold seeds are used to obtain fatty oils.

Calendula: beneficial properties for women

The unique set of therapeutic possibilities that calendula possesses has made this plant an indispensable component of procedures for improving the female body.

And it is especially relevant in the elimination of gynecological problems.

On the basis of calendula, medicines are prepared for the treatment of tumors and ovarian cysts, fibromas and erosions of the cervix, as well as seals and tumor processes in the chest. In addition, the use of marigold medicines helps to reduce the tone of the uterus, normalize the course and frequency of menstruation, and improve a woman's well-being during menopause.

What diseases does it help?

The bactericidal, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, soothing, and analgesic properties of calendula have been used in the treatment of a huge number of diseases.

Treatment with calendula is indicated for the development of most pathological processes that threaten human health:

• diseases of the digestive tract and hepatobiliary system - gastritis, ulcers, colitis, duodenitis, hepatitis, jaundice, constipation, cholecystitis, enteritis, hemorrhoids;
• skin lesions - boils, ringworm, acne, warts, wounds, bruises, gangrene and necrosis;
• nervous and cardiovascular systems - nervous excitability, dizziness, hypertension, tachycardia, arrhythmia, heart failure;
• diseases of the ENT organs caused by the activity of staphylococci and streptococci - tonsillitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis;
• dental diseases - periodontitis, stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontal disease, bleeding gums;
• infections and inflammations of the kidneys and organs of the genitourinary sphere - nephritis, cystitis, thrush, trichomoniasis;
• respiratory tract infections - asthma, bronchitis.

In addition, calendula helps relieve symptoms and improve the patient's well-being with influenza, allergies, rickets, arthritis, rheumatism, enlarged spleen, cancer, malaria, and toxicosis (especially early).

Folk recipes for marigolds

In traditional medicine recipes, all ground parts of marigolds are used in the form of decoctions, tinctures, ointments, oils, juice, tea and infusions. On the basis of calendula products, compresses, rinses and douches are made, healing drinks and bath solutions are prepared.

Collection rules

AT vivo calendula blooms throughout the warm season, so the collection of inflorescences is carried out many times per season. Moreover, after each collection of baskets, the flowering of the plant becomes more intense, and the number of flowers increases.

Collect baskets of inflorescences along with a peduncle. The greatest pharmacological value are buds in the first two days after blooming. The collected plant material is dried in ventilated areas, protected from direct sunlight.

Dried calendula flowers retain their medicinal properties for several years, if stored in glassware and in a dark place.

Infusion or decoction

To prepare the infusion, calendula is poured with boiling water - one or two glasses of water are taken for one tablespoon of vegetable raw materials. Then wrapped or placed in a thermos until completely cooled. As you insist, the valuable substances of calendula will pass into the water, endowing it with healing powers.

After filtering, such infusions are used orally for:

• diseases of the liver and biliary tract;
• gastritis;
• menstrual pain;
• increased pressure;
• as well as insomnia and anxiety.

For diseases of the cardiovascular system, the same amount of brewed lemon balm, valerian, hawthorn or wild rose can be added to the finished infusion. Well increase the therapeutic effect of a few tablespoons of cranberry juice.

With the flu, a few chopped cloves of garlic should be added to the calendula decoction. And when coughing, it is recommended to drink half a glass of warm broth several times a day.

An infusion prepared from two glasses of water is considered less saturated and is suitable for gargling and mouthwash, performing enemas, and soaking tampons when eliminating gynecological problems.

Ointment of calendula

Ointment based on calendula extract is a powerful bactericidal and anti-inflammatory agent that can quickly heal wounds, eliminate rashes, skin irritations and destroy pathogenic microorganisms that provoke its defeat.

Recipe number 1. To prepare an ointment from marigolds, 100 grams of dried inflorescences are crushed and mixed with 200 g of melted pork fat. The resulting mixture is heated in a water bath until homogeneous. Then cool and spread in a glass dish. Keep cold.

Recipe number 2. Three tablespoons of dried calendula inflorescences are poured with boiling water and kept warm for about two hours. Then the infusion is filtered and mixed with one tablespoon of vaseline.

Calendula ointment is used externally to treat problem areas of the skin.

To eliminate warts, the ointment must be prepared from freshly harvested raw materials with the addition of a small amount celandine juice.

Calendula oil

Fresh calendula flowers fill a half-liter jar, not reaching top edge two centimeters. Then the contents are supplemented with vegetable oil - olive or sunflower. The oil is considered ready after 10 days, if stored in a cold place. During the infusion period, it is recommended to shake it periodically.

External use of marigold oil is appropriate for:

• burns and frostbite;
• ulcerative skin lesions with varicose veins;
• dry eczema;
• the appearance of diaper rash in infants;
• wounds, cuts, bruises and bruises;
• cracked nipples in nursing mothers;
• bedsores.

Internal intake of calendula oil is indicated for diseases digestive system, including erosive formations and ulcers, as well as menopause and increased nervous excitability.

Calendula oil is also used in food as an immune system booster. It is seasoned with salads, added to sauces, soups or ready meals. In the cold season, the oil is applied to the skin of the face to protect against exposure to low temperatures.

Juice, tea

Juice squeezed from fresh calendula flowers is a universal remedy for restoring health with a cold, bee or wasp stings, inflammation of the rectum, angina pectoris and hypertension, gastritis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and intestines.

To prepare juice, freshly picked marigold inflorescences are crushed with a meat grinder or blender and squeezed through a press or gauze. For long-term storage, the juice is sterilized for about an hour in a water bath.

• For internal use, use one to two tablespoons of juice mixed with honey or milk, twice a day.
• For external use, marigold juice is diluted with boiled water: the ratio for rinsing is 1:2, the ratio for douching and enemas is 1:3.
• To make tea, marigolds are combined with the same amount lime blossom and mint or chamomile. For one tablespoon of the mixture - a glass of boiling water. Brewing time - 20 minutes in a warm place.

Such tea is effective in the presence of any indications for the use of calendula, and also as a general tonic.

Alcohol tincture

To prepare a tincture of marigolds, you will need alcohol and vegetable raw materials (preferably freshly picked). Thanks to the action of alcohol, almost all valuable qualities fresh calendula.

In the preparation of tincture, the following algorithm is observed:

• Marigold inflorescences are poured with alcohol.
• The correct ratio is one part of vegetable raw materials and five parts of alcohol with a strength of 70%. An alternative option is a tablespoon of crushed marigold flowers for one glass of vodka.
• The mixture is put in a cold place and kept for two days.
• The tincture is filtered and stored in cold and dark, as light and heat destroy the biologically active elements of calendula.

On the basis of a diluted preparation, compresses and rinses are made for skin lesions and fungal infections, pathologies of the throat and oral cavity, hair loss and dandruff.

As an internal remedy, calendula tincture is taken 20 drops three times a day for hypertension, neuroses or insomnia, coughing fits, and also to enhance the excretion of bile and dilate the bile ducts with acalculous cholecystitis.

Application in cosmetology

Solving cosmetic problems is another aspect of using the miraculous power of calendula. Rich chemical composition plants allows you to rejuvenate the skin of the face and improve the health of the hair.

In addition to the fact that calendula products effectively eliminate such facial skin defects as rashes and irritation, the use of the plant extract has a tonic, regenerating and whitening effect.

Therefore, calendula is indicated for all types of facial skin as a basis for products:

• tonic and tonic;
• rejuvenating;
• eliminating freckles, age spots, scars and scars;
• improving the color of the epidermis;
• relieve inflammation;
• triggering cell regeneration;
• reducing the depth and number of wrinkles;
• reducing the level of fat content;
• healing small scratches and wounds.

And in order to restore hair health, eliminate brittleness, prevent hair loss or accelerate growth, it is enough to periodically rinse them with a decoction of marigolds.

Pharmaceutical preparations of calendula

Calendula officinalis is a plant officially recognized by medicine as the basis for the production of pharmacological agents. The healing potential of marigolds has been embodied in a variety of preparations.

• Calendula tincture is a medicinal product for external and internal use. It is a yellow transparent liquid used to prepare a solution for rinsing, lotions, therapeutic enemas, instillation into the nose or ear, as well as internal administration for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Tablets KN - a means for influencing tumor processes in the gastrointestinal tract.
• "Kaleflon" - tablets for the treatment of ulcerative formations in the stomach and intestines, chronic forms of gastritis and liver diseases.
• "Rotokan" is a liquid combined remedy for the restoration of affected mucous membranes. Indicated for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and oral cavity.
• Dr. Theiss Calendula ointment based on inflorescence extract, animal fat and corn cob oil. It is used externally to eliminate infectious and mechanical skin lesions.

As a rule, pharmaceutical preparations of calendula are available without a prescription. But this does not mean that marigold treatment has no contraindications.

Contraindications for use

So that the use of calendula-based products does not cause the development adverse reactions, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the impact individual components plants.

Despite the low level of marigold toxicity, restrictions on the use of funds based on them relate, first of all, to internal use.

• the presence of individual intolerance and a tendency to allergies to plants of the Compositae family (chamomile, chrysanthemum);
• therapy of heart diseases with the use of glycosides that enhance the activity of the heart muscle;
• low blood pressure or a tendency to hypotension;
• cholelithiasis - the action of a plant extract can cause the movement of stones and blockage of the ducts;
• pregnancy - taking a plant extract can lead to an abortion (an exception is the elimination of toxicosis in the early stages).

In addition, the internal intake of calendula is contraindicated in children under 12 years of age.

Given the small number of contraindications, calendula officinalis can be considered one of the most effective and affordable plants. Moreover, growing marigolds does not require effort, and large amounts of money are not needed to purchase preparations based on them.

And most importantly, understanding the healing properties of calendula is the key to health and a fulfilling life.

Calendula officinalis (Calendula officinalis L.), an annual herbaceous plant of the Compositae family, up to 75 cm high, with a strong peculiar smell. Root branched, taproot. Stem erect, simple or slightly branched, densely leafy. The leaves are alternate, covered with hairs, the lower ones are spatulate, the upper ones are oblong or lanceolate. Flowers in inflorescences - baskets, marginal - reed, female; median - tubular, orange or yellow, bisexual, barren. The fruit is a bent achene without a tuft; the outer surface is covered with tubercles and sharp spines. Calendula officinalis blooms from June to October, the fruits ripen in July-September. The period of flowering and seed ripening is very extended due to a large number escapes of higher orders. Propagated by seeds. Cultivated as a medicinal and ornamental plant, sometimes runs wild. The plant is not demanding on heat, moisture, soil, but light-requiring. In the wild, calendula grows in southern Europe, Asia Minor and the Middle East. Calendula was bred in in large numbers in 15th century France. Marigold (marigold) was the favorite flower of the Queen of Navarre, Margaret of Valois. And now in Paris in the Luxembourg Gardens there is a statue of the queen with a marigold flower in her hands. As a medicinal plant, calendula was already known in Ancient Greece. It is known from written sources that in the 12th century the plant was used to treat purulent wounds, and in the 17th century - peptic ulcers, scrofulosis, furunculosis.

Collection and drying of raw materials. Freshly blossomed inflorescences of calendula (Flores Calendulae) are harvested in the opening phase of at least half of the reed flowers. During the summer they make 10-20 fees. With systematic frequent harvesting, new inflorescences are formed, and flowering continues until frost, from which the yield increases. Delay in the collection leads to seed set, reduced flowering intensity and deterioration of seed quality. During the flowering period of calendula, its inflorescences open every 3 days, subsequently - after 4-5 days or less. Baskets are cut at the very base of the peduncle. Dry for no more than 4 hours in air dryers at a temperature of 40-45 ° C, spreading a thin layer. Drying is considered complete if, when pressed on the inflorescences, they disintegrate. The shelf life of raw materials is 2 years. The smell of raw materials is weak, fragrant, the taste is bitter with a feeling of sliminess. Raw materials are exported. The main harvesting areas are the European part of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, and the North Caucasus.

Chemical composition. The flower baskets of the plant contain carotenoids (about 3%) - carotene, rubixanthin, lycopene, citroxanthin, violoxanthin, flavochrome, flavoxanthin, etc. Also, paraffin hydrocarbons (sitosterol and gentriacontan), resins (about 3.4%) were found in calendula flowers , triterpene glycosides, flavonoids (daffodils, isoquercitrin, ramnetin), essential oil (about 0.02%), inulin, mucous (2.5%) and bitter substances (calendene - up to 10%), organic acids [malic (up to 6 ,8%), salicylic and others], ascorbic acid. In the aerial part, up to 10% of the bitter substance of calendene, which has an unsaturated character, was found; in seeds - fatty oil, represented by glycerides mainly of lauric and palmitic acids, alkaloids; in the roots - inulin and a number of triterpene glycosides, which are derivatives of oleanolic acid.

Calendula inflorescences contain: ash - 8.01%; macronutrients (mg / g): K - 29.80, Ca - 11.40, Mn - 2.50, Fe - 0.15; trace elements (CBN): Mg - 0.20, Cu - 0.86, Zn - 1.31, Co - 0.03, Mo - 1.47, Cr - 0.09, Al - 0.05, Se - 4 .20, Ni - 0.25, Sr - 0.10, Pb -0.03.1 - 0.05. B - 48.40 mcg / g. Ba, V, Li, Au, Ag, Br were not detected. Concentrates Zn, Cu, Mo, Se.

Pharmacological properties. The main properties of galenic forms and phytopreparations from calendula officinalis are anti-inflammatory, wound healing, bactericidal, antispasmodic and choleretic. Relaxing the smooth muscle structures of organs such as the stomach, intestines and liver, calendula at the same time stimulates secretory activity, which helps to increase bile formation and bile secretion and increase the secretory activity of the stomach. Best Results are observed when using calendula together with chamomile and common yarrow. As a result of the action of a complex preparation from these plants, the biliary function of the liver improves, bile stagnation in the gallbladder is eliminated.

Calendula preparations accelerate the processes of tissue regeneration, accelerate growth and improve the quality of granulations, promote faster epithelialization and the formation of a more delicate scar. When used orally, they exhibit their anti-inflammatory activity, promote the regeneration of the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines, the healing of ulcers and erosions. The mechanism of the protective action of calendula preparations consists of a decrease in the aggressiveness of gastric juice and an increase in the resistance of the gastric mucosa. Calendula, providing a sedative, mild hypotensive effect, contributes to the normalization of cardiac activity and reduces swelling.
In folk medicine, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, sedative, antitoxic, antispasmodic, diuretic, antimitotic properties of calendula officinalis are noted.

Application in medicine. Flowers. Infusion, tincture (inside) - for gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, colitis, enterocolitis, liver disease, spleen disease; with hypertension, heart disease, accompanied by palpitations, shortness of breath, edema; at as a symptomatic remedy; externally (in the form of rinses) - for diseases of the oral cavity (thrush in children), for inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, tonsillitis; in the form of enemas - in the treatment of proctitis and paraproctitis; in the form of douches - with cervical erosion, trichomonas colpitis, etc. Tincture, infusion, ointment - as an anti-inflammatory and wound healing agent for bruises, abrasions, minor wounds, bedsores, gangrene, fistulas, burns, frostbite, boils, acne. The plant is used in homeopathy. In folk medicine, a decoction of inflorescences - for liver diseases; to prevent miscarriages in pregnant women after a bruise; with uterine bleeding, female diseases, fever, colds; wash their wounds; used for diathesis and childhood eczema. Juice (inside) - with angina pectoris, hypertension, atherosclerosis, neuroses and menopause; for the treatment of gastritis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, colitis, enterocolitis; externally (in the form of rinses) - with a cold; in the form of enemas - with proctitis, anal fissures, inflammation of the rectum; in the form of douching - with erosion of the cervix, whites, trichomonas colpitis. In Brazil, marigold flowers are used as an adjuvant in the treatment of malignant tumors. In German folk medicine - for wounds, bruises, ulcers, furunculosis, varicose veins; in Polish - for liver diseases. In Korean medicine, decoction and alcohol tincture are used for burns (in the form of plasters), bruises, hemorrhoidal cracks (in the form of enemas), with furunculosis and large abscesses. Infusion and tincture - for stomatitis and pyorrhea as a disinfectant, as well as for douching with uterine fistulas, cervical erosion and trichomonas colpitis (2% tincture). Infusion and tincture are also used in Korean medicine as an anti-inflammatory and choleretic agent for gastric and duodenal ulcers, hepatitis and inflammation of the bile ducts, as well as for high blood pressure and a number of heart diseases. A mixture of petal powder and nicotinic acid - as a symptomatic remedy for inoperable stomach cancer, and a mixture with iron oxide as an anti-anemic agent.

Dosage forms, method of administration and doses. Tincture of calendula (Tinctura Calendulae). Alcoholic (70% alcohol) tincture (1:10) of flowers and flower baskets. Clear yellow liquid. To use, dilute 1 teaspoon in a glass of water. As a choleretic agent, take 10-20 drops per reception.

Infusion of calendula flowers (Infusum florum Calendulae): 20 g (2 tablespoons) of raw materials are placed in an enamel bowl, pour 200 ml of hot boiled water, cover with a lid and heat in boiling water (in a water bath) with frequent stirring for 15 minutes, cool for 45 minutes at room temperature, filter, the remaining raw material is squeezed out. The volume of the resulting infusion is adjusted with boiled water to 200 ml. The prepared infusion is stored in a cool place for no more than 2 days. Take in a warm form, 1-2 tablespoons 2-3 times a day. In the form of enemas (1 teaspoon of infusion for 1/4 cup of water) - for proctitis. An infusion of marigolds mixed with an equal volume of a 3% solution of boric acid is injected into the fistula channel, which contributes to its resorption.

Ointment "Calendula" (Unguentum Calendulae) consists of 20 g of calendula tincture and 90 g of a yellowish emulsion (water / petroleum jelly). Issued in glass jars 40 g. Store in a cool place. It is used for burns, cuts, cracks in the lips, nipples, bruises, eczema, etc.

Caleflon (Caleflonum) - purified extract from calendula flowers. Available in tablets of 0.1 g, light brown (to dark brown) color with a slight specific odor. Take 0.1-0.2 g 3 times a day after meals. The course of treatment is 3-6 weeks. Assign as anti-inflammatory and stimulating reparative processes in gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis and enteritis. The drug can be prescribed together with antispasmodics. When taking the drug, a feeling of bitterness in the mouth, burning in the epigastric region is possible. When expressed side effects the drug is cancelled.

* Calendula juice: squeezed from flower baskets and reed flowers of plants. Take 20-40 drops with a tablespoon of honey per glass of milk 2-3 times a day before meals. Externally used in a dilution of 1:2 or 1:3.
* Calendula ointment: mix 10 g of powdered flowers with 50 g of petroleum jelly.

Application in other areas. Calendula flowers are used in Food Industry in the production of margarine, butter, cheese and other products for coloring and flavoring. It is widely used in cosmetics, is part of various creams. Yellow dye is obtained from the flowers. There is evidence that it is worth planting calendula on a plot with roses - and they will no longer be damaged by nematodes. Cultivated. In Ukraine, the average yield is 10 q/ha. With good agricultural technology, the yield of air-dry inflorescences reaches 12-18 q/ha.

Elements of agricultural technology of cultivation. Calendula officinalis is demanding on soil fertility, so it is placed in crop rotation after well-fertilized tilled crops. It is not recommended to grow it in one place for several years in a row, as it greatly depletes the soil. The plot is dug up in the fall and 3-4 kg of manure, 40 g of superphosphate and 10 g of ammonium nitrate per 1 m. In the absence of manure, 15 g of ammonium nitrate, 10 g of potassium salt and 60 g of superphosphate are added to the same area. Seeds are sown at the time of sowing early spring crops with row spacing of 50-60 cm, to a depth of 2-3 cm. Simultaneously with sowing seeds, 30-40 g of granulated superphosphate per 1 m are added to the soil. Seeds germinate at a temperature of 20-30 ° C. Seedlings appear 6-12 days after sowing, calendula begins to bloom in 38-50 days, ripens in 60-75 days. Care consists of 2-3 loosening of row spacing, depending on soil compaction. As the plants grow and close in the aisles, the processing stops. Feeding during the growing season is not required. Abundant flowering Calendula officinalis is achieved by permanent and complete removal of inflorescences. Plants develop best in an open, well-lit area.