Pigment spots on the skin from the sun. Sunburn without freckles and age spots How to sunbathe with age spots

Pigment spots that appear on the face and body cannot be called pleasant. No one is immune from this disease. Age spots appear not only as a result of age-related changes in the body, more often they appear much earlier, and we ourselves are to blame for this: we abuse the sun and do not take care of the skin properly. We will tell you what causes age spots, how to prevent their appearance and how to get rid of existing ones.

Spots and freckles appear in the spring with the first rays of the sun, becoming more distinct after the summer. Over the summer, if you spent a lot of time in the sun and sunbathed intensely, the number of new spots increases.

Causes of pigmentation:

The color of our skin depends on how much melanin it contains. If in some areas of the skin melanin is produced unevenly, in this case pigment spots of different color and size appear. The main causes of spots are hormonal changes in the body (not only age-related), certain diseases and prolonged exposure to the sun.

The appearance of spots on the skin is a signal, the body warns that something is wrong:

The work of the endocrine glands (adrenal glands, gonads),

The work of the liver and biliary tract is disturbed,

Intoxication of the body and chronic infections,

Weakened immune system, impaired metabolism or vitamin balance (lack of vitamin C),

Sun burns.

You can prevent the appearance of age spots that occur after an excess of sun if you properly protect the skin from the sun. To do this, you need to choose the right tanning cream, as well as to be in the sun as much as your phototype allows.

Another important point is that spots appear in the sun if, before going to the beach, you applied perfumes, alcohol-based deodorants to your skin, and washed yourself with antibacterial soap. If the body lacks vitamin C, the appearance of pigmentation is guaranteed.

Do not squeeze pimples on your face and body yourself: a pigment spot may appear on the site of a former pimple, especially if your skin is prone to freckles.

How to prepare your skin for the sun?

You need to prepare for this in advance: in winter and autumn, lean on citrus fruits, drink water with lemon, drink a vitamin complex. Eat green onions and sweet peppers. In summer, currants are an excellent source of vitamin C. At any time of the year, wash your face with sour milk or whey at least once a week. In spring and summer, wipe your face with parsley juice mixed with lemon juice.

It is best to protect your face from the sun - on the street and on the beach in sunny weather, wear sunglasses and use sunscreen with a high protection factor. On the beach, cover your face with a hat.

If spots have already appeared:

You can get rid of some stains, especially new ones, at home with the help of folk remedies, old stains can be removed in a beauty salon. So, let's start with homemade recipes.

Ethnoscience:

Rinse your face with a cucumber-lemon cocktail (mix juice and gruel from fresh cucumbers with the juice of half a lemon), or gruel from fresh cucumbers, grated, put on your face for 15 minutes,

Wipe your face with sour milk, yogurt, lime blossom decoction,

Wipe the spots themselves with grapefruit, lemon, currant juice,

Mix a quarter cup of sour milk with a tablespoon of oatmeal and half a teaspoon of grated horseradish. Place the resulting mixture between two layers of gauze and leave on your face for 20 minutes,

Grate sweet pepper, apply the resulting slurry on your face for half an hour. After the procedure, lubricate the face with a nourishing cream,

Wheat or rice flour mask: mix 2 teaspoons of flour with 1 teaspoon of vinegar and 1 teaspoon of honey, apply the mask on the face for 15-30 minutes,

Pour boiling water over finely chopped parsley, let it stand for 2-3 hours; moisten the face with cooled and filtered broth several times a day,

You can remove pronounced age spots with the help of lotions: 100 g of hydrogen peroxide + 4-5 g

Ammonia. Lotions are applied for 10-15 minutes.

Face mask: add a little crushed boric acid and one teaspoon of fresh cream to a whipped egg white; Mix all this into a homogeneous mass, apply on the face for 30-40 minutes.

Dark spots appearing on the skin spoil the appearance and add years. Lifehacker figured out where this misfortune comes from and how to restore a healthy, even color to the face.

What are age spots

Hyperpigmentation is an uneven distribution of melanin pigment in the skin (in fact, it is he who gives the skin its color). If you have freckles, you are familiar with this situation: it is so genetically formed that there are cell clusters in certain areas in your skin Freckles: Remedies, Causes, and More which produce more melanin than others.

But freckles look cute and have been present since childhood, that is, their owners have time to get used to their features. Pimples are a completely different matter. They often appear suddenly, have a large, uneven shape, and require dense tonal means for masking, which is not suitable for everyone.

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The reason for the appearance of spots is a failure, as a result of which some of the skin cells begin to produce more melanin than before. Hyperpigmentation itself is not harmful. What Causes Increased Skin Pigmentation?. But it is a symptom of some changes that have occurred in the body. Which, in turn, can be both neutral in terms of health, and quite dangerous.

What Causes Pigmentation Spots?

Failure in the work of skin cells most often occurs for the following reasons 5 possible causes of pigmentation problems.

1. Excessive UV exposure

UV light irritates melanocytes, the skin cells responsible for producing melanin. Normally, this turns into an appearance. But if the cells are stimulated by the active sun often and a lot, some of them "go crazy" and start producing melanin day and night in horse doses.

Age spots are frequent companions of fans of solariums and tanning.

2. Skin injuries, including sunburn

Otherwise, you will not win, but only aggravate pigmentation.

1. Whitening creams and ointments

Such products contain hydroquinone and retinoic acid - substances that provide the skin with light peeling and accelerate cell regeneration. Do not buy these drugs yourself. Check with a dermatologist to avoid possible skin irritation.

2. Whitening masks

Similar cosmetics can be found in supermarkets and pharmacies. But many also use homemade masks made from affordable products.

The main secret of effectiveness: the mask must contain acid.

Below are a few recipes for similar masks, which are highly praised on various forums.

Yeast mask with lemon

Dilute 20 g of yeast with 1 tablespoon of warm milk. Add a teaspoon of lemon juice. Apply the mixture on your face for 10 minutes, rinse thoroughly. Some recommend applying a cold compress (gauze soaked in cold water) after the mask to soothe the skin.

Whitening mask with lemon and honey

Mix freshly squeezed lemon juice with honey in a ratio of 1: 1. Apply to a cleanly washed face, rinse with warm water after 20 minutes.

Whitening mask from kefir

Soured milk and unsweetened yogurt are also suitable. Just apply kefir to the area with age spots for 15-20 minutes. Rinse with water and a couple of drops of lemon juice to remove the oily film from the skin.

3. Mesotherapy

So called subcutaneous injections with special bleaching preparations. The same cream, but more effective. In one procedure, you can seriously lighten the pigment spot, but it will take several sessions to completely get rid of it.

4. Microdermabrasion

Many people try to get rid of stains using scrubs. Microdermabrasion is basically the same scrub, but instrumental. With the help of a special nozzle, the beautician “grinds” the skin, removing the top layer spoiled by the pigment.

5. Chemical peels

The meaning of the procedure is to apply a chemically active composition to the skin, most often based on some kind of acid: glycolic, lactic, tartaric, malic, and so on. This composition allows you to dissolve and remove the surface layer of the skin in which the pigment has settled. In addition, peels stimulate cell renewal. Such procedures can only be carried out by a professional cosmetologist!

6. Laser therapy

A laser beam with a certain wavelength selectively acts on pigmented cells without injuring others. Under the action of a laser, melanin is destroyed. This method is considered one of the most effective: if the area of ​​pigmentation is not very large, you can get by with one procedure.

Each person has their own unique skin tone, which is determined by the melanin pigment produced by skin cells. This pigment protects the body from harmful ultraviolet radiation. The stronger the tan, the more protected a person is from the scorching sun. Therefore, if age spots from the sun appear, this indicates an uneven production of this substance.

The amount of melanin cannot be changed, it is inherent in the human genotype and is hereditary. The sunnier the nation lives in, the darker the color of its skin (the higher the phototype). Accordingly, light skin is practically defenseless against the effects of the sun, prone to the appearance of spots on the skin after the sun, so it is necessary to use sunscreen cosmetics.

Melanin is formed in the cells of the epidermis - melanocytes, and through special endings, these cells bring the pigment into the upper layer of the skin, determining its color. The process of formation of this pigment is determined by the hormones of the pituitary gland.

In addition to ultraviolet radiation, the activity of melatonin production is influenced by the amount of vitamins and minerals in the body, as well as the state of the nervous and endocrine systems.

Determining skin type

Depending on the reaction of human skin to exposure to UV (ultraviolet) rays, it is customary to divide people into six phototypes:

First phototype

This type of people have very fair skin or are albinos. They practically do not have a tan, they quickly get sunburn. They usually have blond hair of a wheaten hue, red. Characterized by a low degree of pigment production.

Second phototype

Light skin, light blond hair, also have freckles on the face. Pigmentation spots often appear on the tan. With a short sunbathing, they get burned. Sun exposure during peak hours should be avoided.

Third phototype

Slightly darker than the second phototype, have a golden brownish tan. Moderately resistant to sun exposure, time spent in the sun should be limited, protective cosmetics should be used, otherwise age spots may appear on the skin after the sun.

Fourth phototype

The skin has an olive tint, tans quickly, sunburn rarely occurs. Tan is obtained moderate, saturated color.

Fifth phototype

People of the fifth phototype have skin that is insensitive to UV rays, quickly acquire a dark tan, even and saturated, skin pigmentation rarely appears after tanning. If you stay under the scorching sun for a long time, sunburn may occur.

Sixth phototype

Black skin, representatives of the Negroid race belong to the sixth phototype, does not burn, is protected from the sun, dark pigment spots do not appear after sunburn.

What spots can appear after sunburn

Each person is different, so their skin may also react differently to sun exposure. Usually, after being outdoors in hot weather, the following spots appear:

• Sunburn - people of 1-3 phototypes are most sensitive to light, the pigment of which is produced in a small amount, which is not enough to fully protect against UV rays, burns occur. The affected areas of the epidermis are covered with spots, which soon disappear on their own.
• White pigment spots on the skin after sunburn - indicate any disease, which can be both external and internal. Caused by a violation of the production of melanin in the affected areas, in places of white spots this pigment is absent. One of the diseases that causes white age spots after the sun is vitiligo and requires an internal consultation with a dermatologist;
• Lichen - speaks of weak immunity, the affected areas of the body become unreceptive to sunlight and are treated by a specialist;
• Dark spots on the skin after sunburn - speak of an internal disease or hormonal failure, occur when taking medications or hormonal contraceptives. In rare cases, it comes from the use of poor quality cosmetics. With a dark color of the spots, the body produces an increased number of pigments, which is not the norm, so you should undergo a medical examination.

Pigmented spots after tanning in the solarium

The solarium allows you to get an artificial tan in conditions of lack of natural light. Overexposure to artificial tanning can disrupt pigment production and cause spots on the skin when tanned.

The main disadvantage of the artificial sun is the high level of UV radiation, which has a negative effect on the surface of the body, accelerates its aging and provokes the appearance of new pigments.

People with the first and second phototypes are more susceptible to the harmful effects of radiation, so fair-skinned people are advised to determine the current condition of the skin and its sensitivity with a dermatologist before visiting a solarium.

Is it possible to remove pigmentation after a solarium?

If age spots appear after sunburn, you should immediately consult a doctor and stop visiting the solarium.

To remove the pigments that have appeared, you can use the following means:

• Masks or creams with whitening effect - their action is based on acids, which can cause skin irritation. Therefore, before use, you should apply a small amount of cream on your wrist and wait for a day - if an allergic reaction does not occur, you can use the cream;
• Using folk recipes - folk remedies are most often based on herbal ingredients, which are quite safe. To lighten spots, you can wipe the skin 1-2 times a day with sour fruit juice, parsley or kefir, leave for 10-15 minutes as a mask, and then rinse;
• On the recommendation of a dermatologist, you can undergo laser treatment, cryo or phototherapy - spots on the skin from the sun will pass faster.

How to prevent stains

People whose skin from the sun appears age spots or it tans in spots should not abuse sunbathing. Try to sunbathe in the morning or in the evening, avoiding direct rays. Use protective ointments to help protect the body from UV rays. However, relying on a cosmetic product to protect your skin by 100% is not worth it, since its effect is limited and the ointment is prone to abrasion, partially washed off with water.

Therefore, owners of fair skin need to approach the issue of sun protection in a complex way: use sunscreen, as well as wear protective headgear and clothing.

How to treat sun spots?

Depending on the type of spots after sunbathing, they are treated:

• If a sunburn is received, exposure to sunlight should be avoided until the skin is completely restored. The skin recovers on its own, all you need is support: moisturizing with creams containing panthenol, taking vitamins, drinking enough water. If you are experiencing pain, you can take a pain reliever. In case of damage to a large surface of the skin or the appearance of blisters, you should immediately seek medical help;
• White or pink pigment spots on a tan is a disease that requires medical intervention. Such pigmentation can be caused by vitiligo or lichen color;
• If spots appear on the skin of a dark shade from exposure to the sun, then you should also consult a dermatologist. Dark spots can be a symptom of a disease of the internal organs, which will disappear after the treatment of the underlying disease. Laser resurfacing, peeling or the use of whitening creams can help speed up their disappearance.

Let's burn right!

A few rules for those who want to get a beautiful tan, without sun spots on the skin and a vacation photo with flaky skin:

• Before the holidays or the summer season, you can prepare the skin for exposure to UV rays: going to the solarium a couple of times a week for 2-5 minutes two weeks before the beach season will give the body a beautiful shade and protection from the sun's rays;
• During the sunbathing period, the constant use of sunscreen is necessary. Before using the cream, you must strictly follow the instructions;
• According to statistics, the face, arms and shoulders are most often burned in the sun, so as not to bring spots on the skin after sunburn and a photo with a red peeled nose from vacation - cover vulnerable spots and use a wide-brimmed hat;
• When under the sun, change position every 5-10 minutes so as not to overheat the same areas of the body;
• In southern and hot countries, start sunbathing from 5 minutes, gradually increasing the time, but not more than half an hour;
• The solar "rush hour" is lunch time from noon to 2 o'clock, so choose to sunbathe either in the morning or in the evening when the sunlight is softer. The maximum benefit brings a morning tan before 11 o'clock;
• UV radiation can penetrate water to a depth of 1.5 meters. Before bathing, lubricate the body with sunscreen, use a hat;
• Use sunscreen regularly, as sweat particles reduce its effectiveness;
• After bathing, if you have fair skin and do not want to see spots on the skin after sunburn in a vacation photo, dry yourself with a towel. The smallest droplets of water reflect the rays of the sun, due to which the effect of UV rays is greatly enhanced.

You have to know how to sunbathe. Otherwise, the sun can ruin your entire vacation. To quickly get an even chocolate shade and not burn your skin, use the following tips.

Who is bad for sunbathing?

Sunbathing is harmful to those people who have very fair skin and hair, who have a lot of moles and age spots on their bodies, who have very large moles, more than 1.5 cm. Such people are prone to sunburn, in addition, ultraviolet rays can provoke they have a number of serious illnesses. The best solution for you is self-tanning cream.

If you are sure that a tan will do you good, take note of the following rules.

Golden rules for a beautiful tan

A few weeks before going to the beach, you can prepare your skin for an intense tan by using the solarium. Five-minute solarium sessions twice a week will give the skin a golden hue and natural protection from the aggressive effects of ultraviolet rays.

Sunscreen must be used for the first few days of sun exposure. Remember that the most vulnerable spots for sunburn are the nose, chest and shoulders. They must be lubricated with cream every half hour of being on the beach.

If you are vacationing in hot countries (Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, Africa), do not sunbathe in the open sun for more than 5 minutes in the first days. Then gradually increase the amount of time you spend in the sun. In this case, the tanning effect will delight you. Remember that sunbathing for more than an hour is not recommended.

During the period from 12 to 14 pm the sun is especially burning, so it is best to spend this time in the shade. The optimal time to sunbathe with health benefits is before 11 am.

Before bathing, it is also necessary to lubricate the skin with a protective cream, since ultraviolet rays penetrate the water to a depth of one and a half meters.

If you sweat a lot, lubricate your skin with a protective cream as often as possible, as sweat reduces its effectiveness.

How to get a beautiful tan without burns?

Do not go to the beach without sunglasses and panama. Remember that bright sun can cause fine lines to appear, and your headless hair in the sun can become dull and brittle.

While sunbathing, try to change position every 5-10 minutes, exposing the back to the sun alternately, then the tummy. If you are on the beach for more than an hour, you need to hide from direct sunlight under a canopy or umbrella.

For a beautiful chocolate tan we go to the sea!

How to tan quickly? It's no secret that the fastest and most beautiful tan is obtained on the beach near the reservoir. Due to the unique property of water to reflect the sun's rays, their effect is greatly enhanced. Your skin instantly tans even while swimming, as UV works even in water.

To enhance the tan, after bathing, do not blot the skin with a towel, but let it dry in the sun. Only in this case, you have an increased chance of getting burned, since water droplets in the sun have the properties of optical lenses.

Sunbathing near water is more beneficial for the skin, as moist air softens the skin and prevents it from drying out. In order not to burn yourself in the sun, use special tanning creams.

How to speed up your tan. Tan enhancers

The fastest chocolate tan can be obtained if, during the beach season, freshly squeezed juices from carrots or apricots are consumed daily.

The safest way to speed up your tan is to use creams with special additives to enhance your tan. Such products can be used even on completely white skin in the first days of the beach season. Tanning stimulator cream increases the production of melanin, and also prevents sunburn, nourishes and moisturizes the skin. As a result, you get an even, beautiful and healthy tan.

Another way to speed up your tan is to use tanning creams with a tingle effect. Such creams increase the blood circulation of the skin, as a result, the melanin pigment is produced faster and the tan is more intense. After applying the tingle cream, the skin may turn red, and the likelihood of allergies is also high. Therefore, before using a new product, it is better to test it on a small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin. Tingle cream is best not used on completely white, untanned skin, in addition, it is generally not recommended to be applied to the face.

Creams for a beautiful tan

To protect the skin from burns, it is necessary to use special tanning products with SPF protection factor (Sun Protection Factor). They will help retain moisture in the skin, prevent its premature aging, and also provide protection from ultraviolet rays. The SPF index in a cream can vary from 3 to 50, so you need to choose a sunscreen according to your skin phototype. The lighter and more sensitive your skin, the higher the SPF should be.

With strong solar activity (from 11 am to 4 pm), it is recommended to use sunscreens with an SPF index of at least 20-30. For dark skin, a cream with a protection factor of 10 is suitable.

The cream should be applied to the skin in a thin layer with massage movements every 30 minutes of exposure to the sun. If you leave a thick layer of cream on the skin, you will get the opposite result: the cream will heat up in the sun and damage the skin.

There are also tanning products that enhance the effect of the sun's rays, resulting in an intense, even, and beautiful tan.

When buying a tanning cream, pay attention to the label: it may be intended for tanning not under the open sun, but for a solarium. Such a cream does not contain protective components from UV rays, so using such a cream on the beach, you can get burned.

Oil for a beautiful tan

The use of natural cosmetic oils is one of the quickest ways to get an even, beautiful and healthy tan without harm to the skin. It is convenient to buy a ready-made bottle of oil designed specifically for tanning from well-known manufacturers - AVON, NIVEA, GARNIER. They usually include wheat, coconut, cocoa butter, avocado, palm, beta-carotene, vitamins, antioxidants, UV protection SPF factors. The oil moisturizes and nourishes the skin, enhances the production of melanin, which contributes to obtaining a quick chocolate tan, creates a thin protective film on the skin, smoothes it, and prevents premature aging. Apply to clean skin immediately after a shower or before going to the beach. After swimming in the sea, the oil is washed off, so a new coat is required. Be careful when using chemical, synthetic oils, as they often cause allergies. Attention: ordinary cosmetic oil without UV protection factors is recommended to be used on prepared, tanned skin, otherwise there is a risk of getting burned. The only disadvantage of using tanning oils is that beach sand will stick to your skin.

Diet beautiful for tanning

1. A beautiful chocolate tan largely depends on what foods we eat. The strongest natural tan activator is beta-carotene. It enhances the production of melanin pigment, which gives the skin a beautiful shade. Many women have noticed that with the daily use of orange and red fruits - carrots, apricots, peaches, the tan becomes brighter. Beta-carotene is also found in melon, pumpkin, watermelon, red pepper, apples and pears.

2. The amino acid tyrosine also plays an important role in the production of melanin. A large amount of tyrosine is found in animal products - liver, red meat, fish - tuna, cod, in addition, it is found in beans, almonds, avocados.

3. Auxiliary substances in the production of melanin are also vitamin C, E, selenium and lycopene. Therefore, if you want to achieve an intense chocolate shade in a short vacation, take a complex with mineral supplements a few weeks before a trip to the sea.