Hydrangea is a genus of flowering plants in the Hortensia family. The family mainly includes small trees and shrubs. There are about 80 plant species. It grows in Asia, America, and most species are found in Japan and China. Some varieties have grown well in Russian gardens. The plant got its name in honor of Princess Hortense, sister of the Prince of the Roman Empire, Karl Heinrich of Nassau-Siegen. The Japanese name for hydrangea is Ajisai, which translates as "a flower that looks like a purple sun." Used mainly for decorative purposes.
Several dozen species of hydrangeas are known, most of them are low shrubs with large foliage, small trees or lianas. Due to its beauty, the plant can be increasingly found in Russian gardens. Gardeners identify several of the most common species in our latitudes.
Hydrangea paniculata
This is an incredibly beautiful view, it is a small tree, the height of which does not exceed 10 m. It grows in China and Japan, in Russia it can be found on Sakhalin. In nature, paniculate hydrangea is found on the edges of forests and thickets of oak forests. The leaves of the plant are elliptical in shape, slightly pubescent above, more pubescent below. Their length reaches 12 cm. The flowers are collected in large panicles. They have a wonderful aroma, making them excellent honey plants.
Attention! The culture grows very quickly, so it needs periodic pruning.
It is preferable to plant a plant in a shady place, because in direct sunlight the inflorescences become small. You should also protect panicle hydrangea from the wind. Flowering is plentiful and long, comes in June and lasts until October. This species is resistant to frost, it can withstand up to -25 degrees. Therefore, it is perfect for growing in the central and northern parts of Russia. In the northern zones, it is recommended to plant hydrangeas in the spring. And in those regions where there is no severe frosts, you can land in autumn period. It reproduces well by cuttings. Hydrangea paniculata has an incredible number of varieties.
Grade Grandiflora
Grade Brussels Lace
Grade Limelight
Variety Mathilda
Variety Pinky Winky
Grade Pink Diamond
Grade Floribunda
Variety Dart's Little Dot
Garden hydrangea is an ornamental shrub, perennial. On average, it reaches two meters in height. It has erect stems, does not bear fruit. The flowers are pinkish, lilac, blue or white. Their color depends on the state in which the plant is located and the acidity of the soil. The leaves are simple, green. It is a fast growing species, demanding on the composition of the soil. Dislikes limestone. Flowering continues from August to November.
Heat and photophilous plant. It has an average frost resistance (up to -30 degrees). Therefore, it grows well in the south of Russia. Thanks to agrotechnical efforts, large-leaved hydrangea has reached suburban areas near Moscow. Mainly frost-resistant varieties of this kind.
Among the most popular varieties are the following:
Also known as smooth and wild hydrangea. Undemanding plant. It is considered winter-hardy, thanks to which it has taken a special place in summer cottages in the middle latitudes of our country. Doesn't need cover. Bush of medium height (up to 2.5 m). Stems erect, bare. The leaves are smooth, rounded. Flowers are of different colors.
Prefers shady or semi-shady areas. The plant does not tolerate drought and loves abundant watering. Unpretentious to the ground. Flowering lasts from June to September. Tree hydrangea pruning is carried out annually in winter time. The fastest and most convenient way to propagate this species is cuttings.
The main varieties of hydrangea tree:
Variety Annabelle
Variety Sterilis
Variety Hayes Starburst
Grade Invincibelle Spirit
Grade Incrediball
Variety White Dome
A rare variety that is only gaining popularity in Russian gardens. It is a liana, the length of which can reach 25 m. In Russia, it is found in the Kuriles and Sakhalin. It grows vertically, curls along a support (if available). Leaves are smooth and green. Flowers of a snow-white and pink shade are collected in corymbs. It is an excellent honey plant. Grows in partial shade. Suitable for the southern regions of our country, and also grown in the middle lane.
petiolate hydrangea
Attention! Petiole hydrangea is demanding on the composition of soils - it prefers moist loams.
It is a perennial two-meter shrub. It has red shoots. It got its name due to its similarity with oak leaves. White flowers are collected in panicles. Flowering begins in June, and ripening in September.
hydrangea oak-leaved
Prefers rich soils without lime. Watering should be moderate. In central Russia, the bush may freeze, but with age the plant becomes more resistant to frost. Suitable for southern areas. Propagated by cuttings, layering and division of the bush. Pruning is done twice a year - in spring and autumn.
Shrub up to 2.5 m. Leaves oval-lanceolate, pointed at the top. The plant has many white sterile flowers collected in shields. Flowering begins in July and lasts only one month. Ripening occurs in September. Winter hardiness is low, so the roots should be covered with dry foliage or spruce branches. Grows very fast. Reproduces differently, but the best option is cuttings. Suitable for landscape design in the south of Russia.
Hydrangea radiata
Shrub with straight stems. Its height is on average 2 m. The leaves are wide ovate. Moisture-loving plant. Before winter, faded inflorescences are cut off. Relatively winter hardy. Suitable as a hedge. Warm look. A great option for the southern regions of Russia. Inflorescences can be used as dried flowers.
Hydrangea ash (grey)
Tree shrub. Its height can reach 1.5 m in height. Has a spreading crown. The leaves are oval, pointed to the top, bright green color. Annual. Inflorescences resemble the shape of a ball. Inside the inflorescence, the flowers are blue, closer to the edge - pale blue. After flowering they become pink. The color of the flowers depends on the acidity of the soil.
serrate hydrangea
The plant blooms from July to September. Hydrangea tolerates transplants well. Likes moderate watering. Preparation for winter is as follows: wilted inflorescences are cut and covered with a film. In care unpretentious. Not susceptible to diseases and pest attacks. Looks great even as a herbarium. Suitable for landing in the middle lane of our country.
The height of the shrub is 2-3 m. It grows rapidly in breadth. Blooms from August to September. Leaves large, opposite. Their length reaches 26 cm. Umbelliferous inflorescences. The flowers are lilac, purple, after flowering - blue and white. Prefers moderate watering. It is frost-resistant, but winters with shelter, therefore it is grown mainly in the southern regions of Russia.
Hydrangea Sargent
Hydrangea is a wonderful plant. Mostly floriferous. Demanding on soils, prefers moderate watering. It has become widespread throughout the world. Some varieties that are resistant to frost are grown in Russian gardens. Used in gardening.
A heat-loving shrub with huge caps of inflorescences came to Europe from Japan in the 18th century. For a long time, the hydrangea remained a home plant, but both amateur gardeners and professional breeders of the Old World worked hard to bring this fragrant shrub into their gardens. TO late XIX century, the work was crowned with success, and fans of the plant received frost-resistant varieties that feel great in temperate climate.
The hydrangea family has about 100 species. However, not all of them are suitable for landing on suburban area and in our garden climate zone. We found out which types and varieties of hydrangeas for the garden take root well and grow successfully in our latitudes. Let's dwell on the most popular plants among gardeners. These include: panicle hydrangea (White Moth, Floribunda, Unique varieties), tree hydrangea (Anabel and Snowball), serrate hydrangea (Bluebird variety (blue bird)), Sargent hydrangea, petiole hydrangea, oak-leaved hydrangea (Snow Queen and Snow Flake varieties), and the most common garden hydrangea, or large-leaved (Quadricolor, Lilacina, Nigra, Grandiflora, Perfecta, Altona). A little more about each.
Idea!Another species - ashy hydrangea - is often used as a hedge. It has small flowers and dull green leaves.
Only with the right and serious approach to the requirements of the plant itself can a positive result be predicted.
IN proper care hydrangea includes:
disembarkation
When choosing seedlings, carefully inspect the root system. The usual practice is to plant the plant in late spring.
Advice!If root system bush is highly developed, then planting hydrangeas can take place in September. In two or three warm weeks of autumn, he will have time to gain a foothold in the soil and survive the winter well.
Soil preparation for planting consists of adding peat with sand and earth with needles. Dig a hole 50x50 cm, drain. Fill it with soil, if necessary (if the soil is alkaline), add an acidifying fertilizer.
When planting hydrangeas in the spring, the rhizomes should be slightly shortened and cut off. annual shoots, leaving only 3-4 pairs of kidneys. After planting a bush in the soil, water it, wait until the water is absorbed, and mulch with peat or sawdust with a layer of 6-8 cm.
To create a hedge, seedlings are placed at a distance of 0.7-1 m from each other. If you want to get one, but thick and lush bush, take 4-5-year-old seedlings for planting, digging a hole a little less deep (35-40 cm) and 50-70 cm wide.
pruning
Pruning bushes is a mandatory procedure, no matter what kind of hydrangea plant. With uncontrolled growth, the branches of the bush grow so that they lose their aesthetic appearance. Please note that the first healthy flowering begins in the 3rd year after planting, cut off everything that appears earlier. This will allow the bush to develop properly.
For already established plants, a spring rejuvenating haircut is carried out, aimed at forming a bush. The procedure is carried out before the start of sap flow in the plant. If you notice that the hydrangea inflorescences are weakening and decreasing in size, cut the bush “on a stump” (when cutting, only the stems are left 15-20 cm from the ground). The plant tolerates such a cardinal manipulation well and grows rapidly, returning the splendor to the flowers.
Thinning pruning is also necessary for hydrangea hedges. Do it at your own discretion, but not before the bushes gain strength.
Advice!Do not peel the inflorescences by hand, cut them carefully with secateurs so as not to touch the upper part of the branches with buds.
Watering
The heat-loving flower hydrangea loves moisture. It is important that the soil under the bush is always in a state of light moisture. To do this, it is necessary to mulch the soil under the plant twice a year with the help of needles, leaf humus, shavings or bark.
Hydrangea bushes are watered 2 times a week in dry weather, and 1 time if it rained during the week. Under each bush you need to pour 30-50 liters. The water must be soft.
In autumn, on dry days, abundant watering is useful for the plant, it will help the hydrangea to calmly survive the frost.
Advice!With peat-mulched soil, abundant watering of the plant should be carried out less frequently, about 1 time per month.
make-up
Successful cultivation of hydrangeas is impossible without competent feeding. After planting, at the beginning of the growth of the seedling, add superphosphate (30-40 g) under the bush, urea at the rate of 20-25 g per one square meter, sulfuric potassium (30-35 g).
During the formation of buds, the plant needs additional portions of fertilizers: superphosphate (60-80 g) and potassium sulfur (40-45 g).
At the end of August, prepare the hydrangea for wintering by placing 15-20 kg of manure (rotted) or compost under each bush. Branches well handle Bordeaux mixture. Closer to mid-October, it is necessary to spud the bushes to a height of about 30 cm, and in November, the hydrangea branches must be bent to the ground and covered with spruce branches.
For decoration garden plot flowering plants have always been used, but hydrangea is still a rare guest in our gardens. Among some flower growers, there is an opinion that hydrangea is a heat-loving plant, not suitable for our gardens. In recent years hydrangea varieties and the types of new selections have become widespread and deserved love, more and more often you can find single and group plantings.
The beauty of hydrangeas is unique, among their species there are various forms:
But shrubs have taken root best of all in the gardens.
There are about 80 types of hydrangeas, which gave rise to the emergence of new varieties that are loved by gardeners and have become decorations for summer cottages and park alleys. To choose a plant suitable for a given site, you need to get acquainted with the characteristics of some. You can admire the unusual flowering of hydrangea from the beginning of spring heat to autumn cold.
Important. Some varieties of hydrangeas in the temperate zone of Russia should be covered for the winter with special material, spruce branches, dry leaves with straw. Timely removal of shelter in the spring will not allow plants to overheat with the onset of heat.
In the gardens of Russia, the following types of hydrangeas (clematis) are mainly used for breeding:
The winter hardiness of the paniculate species is very high. For more lush flowering apply autumn and spring bush-forming preventive pruning.
Important. Right choice plot for growing hydrangeas determines the saturation of the color. A place to be well lit in any weather, protected from the wind. How weather warmer and good lighting prevails, hydrangea flowers acquire a richer and brighter color.
Flowering is quite long from mid-July to late September. The plant is unpretentious in care, easily takes root in a new place after transplantation. Winter cold transfers in shelter. late autumn after flowering, the inflorescences are cut off, the bushes are insulated with covering material. The plant is resistant to diseases and pests. The bred varieties of hydrangeas of this species grow well in the middle zone of Russian regions.
In the current gardening, there are many varieties of hydrangeas. Selection is based on the use of species plants. Many of them have received properties that make it possible to grow hydrangeas not only in the southern regions of Russia. Thanks to flower breeders, varieties have been developed that tolerate the harsh winters of the Russian regions.
Important. In the eastern strip of Russia, varieties bred by European breeders take root and bloom better. They are able to withstand frosts within 20 ° C. To prevent the death of plants from possible more low temperatures, their shelter is recommended.
On the basis of these varieties, a series of large-leaved garden hydrangeas were bred. Today, the gardens of Russia are decorated with a huge range of colors and shades of hydrangea.
Planting hydrangeas is a great way to decorate your garden. beautiful plant, which blooms luxuriantly and exquisitely. It remains only to decide on the choice of type and variety. Next, we will find out which types of hydrangeas are suitable for growing in the domestic climate, and what kind of care they require.
Shrubs form the basis of all types of hydrangeas, but lianas and small trees can be found. All varieties have flowers, they are collected in large paniculate or corymbose inflorescences. The color is predominantly pink or white. The following are the names of species and varieties that are in demand among domestic gardeners and are suitable for growing in local climatic conditions.
This type(Hydrangea arborescens) of this culture is the most common and actively used in landscaping. Many are attracted by its abundant flowering and resistance to frost. The shrub reaches 1.5-3 m in height, the crown is rounded. It has slightly pubescent shoots with ovate or elliptical leaves ranging in size from 6 to 20 cm. The flowers are barren, often white or pink, collected in inflorescences, the diameter of which is 15 cm. From July to October, the plant blooms actively and profusely. Reproduction is available by dividing the bush, as well as layering or green cuttings. The soil should be fertile and well-moistened, a slight lime content is allowed. It can be left outdoors for the winter. There are several varieties of this species.
This variety (Hydrangea paniculata) is also common due to a wide range varieties. Paniculata hydrangea may look like a small tree or large shrub up to 10 cm high. The crown is high and rounded, the leaves are ovate or elliptical up to 12 cm long. The panicles of flowers are pyramidal in shape and reach 25 cm in length. At the age of 4-5 years, this culture gives the first flowering and fruiting lasting from June to October. The soil should be moist and fertile, urban conditions are tolerated by the plant favorably. This type of hydrangea is also frost-resistant, it is actively used by gardeners to create fantasy compositions, since the branches are durable and easy to shape. They make both hedges and trellises, as well as standard trees or balls. Reproduction by green cuttings is available.
Among the most popular varieties are the following:
This culture (Hydrangea macrophylla) reaches 2 m in height with proper care, the shoots are erect, the leaves are bright green, ovate. The diameter of barren flowers reaches 3.5 cm, they are collected in 15 cm inflorescences. garden varieties have spherical inflorescences up to 25 cm in diameter, which are formed at the ends of last year's shoots. The flowering period is from July to August. Among the color variations are bright crimson, blue, white and pink. You can choose lace, terry or bicolor varieties for your garden. This variety does not differ in winter hardiness and survives in winter only in the south of the country. The main difficulty lies not so much in the preservation of the bush, but in the preservation of flower buds. There will be no flowering if the buds fall off in frost. Resourceful gardeners for the winter transplant the plant into a container and transfer it to the room, winter Garden. Effective in the fight against frost, the use of covering materials - spruce branches or earth. Varieties of the Forever & Ever series are practically different continuous flowering, which begins on old shoots in early summer and continues in September on young growths. This series includes the following varieties up to 80 cm in height on average.
This type of culture (Hydrangea petiolaris) has special suckers, with which the plant is attached to a support at a height of up to 10 m. If there is no support, the hydrangea will spread along the ground. This variety has wide ovate leaves with long petioles, the base is pointed or heart-shaped, the color is dark green, they reach 8 cm in length. The diameter of the inflorescence is on average 20 cm, the flowers are white with a pink tint, honey-bearing. There is a slow growth in the first 2-4 years after planting, after which the intensity of hydrangea development increases. Only in well-lit open areas can one achieve abundant flowering, penumbra will worsen this factor. When choosing soil, it is necessary to focus on fertile, moist loams. Reproduction by layering or cuttings is allowed. Such a plant will decorate an arch, balcony, gazebo, wall or trunk of a tall tree.
This choice will be successful if you belong to the category of lazy gardeners, such a culture needs minimal care, it successfully tolerates frosty winters. This variety is also called Bretschneider hydrangea. Despite the fact that it belongs to the category of ground cover, in fact it is a bush up to 3 m high. The flowers are barren and sterile milky. At the beginning of flowering, they are greenish, and at the end they are purple.
Separately, it is worth talking about heat-loving species, which, although they can grow in frosty winters, require proper conditions for this.
Also thermophilic varieties include serrated, ashen and radiant hydrangea. The height of the shrub in all three cases reaches 2.5 m, the foliage is ovate or elliptical. The main advantage is abundant flowering.
- a real decoration of the garden plot, thanks to the lush inflorescences of various colors. But other garden plants can boast of the same decorative paniculate inflorescences.
In the arsenal of gardeners and landscape designers are a variety of shrubs, which, like hydrangea, boast lush, bright caps of inflorescences. The following plants are the most popular.
Pentas - evergreen shrub madder family native to Africa. Despite the southern character, the plant is successfully grown in temperate climates, and even in open ground. The plant is popular with gardeners because it blooms continuously from spring to mid-autumn.
Pentas is a shrub about 50 centimeters high with oval or lanceolate leaves of a bright green color. The plant blooms with lush inflorescences, consisting of many five-petal stars. Umbrella inflorescences of various colors, from white to bright red, resemble bright Christmas balls dotted with a compact bush.
Alyssum is a ground cover annual or perennial with a height of 20 to 40 centimeters. The natural range of the plant is Southern Europe. The spectacular variety of colors and amazing honey aroma of alyssum has made it popular with gardeners and landscape designers.
In early June, lush capitate constellations are formed on numerous shoots of the plant, consisting of small flowers of various shapes. Flowering continues until late autumn. Alyssum looks most impressive among stones and along garden paths.
Spirea is a deciduous shrub from the pink family up to 2 meters high. The plant is distinguished by a variety of forms of the bush and the nature of flowering (panel, spike-shaped, corymbose, paniculate). Varieties with paniculate inflorescences are similar to hydrangea.
The color of the flowers is also diverse - from pure white to deep crimson. Each spirea inflorescence consists of many small flowers. According to the timing of flowering, spireas are divided into 2 groups: spring-flowering and summer-flowering. In the first group, flowering is plentiful, but short-term. In summer-flowering, it is more extended in time.
Phlox - popular unpretentious perennials from the blue family. Breeders have bred several types of phlox. Of these, paniculate varieties are most similar to hydrangeas.
The color of phlox inflorescences is varied, but the colors of red and pink tones predominate. IN color scheme paniculate phlox is absent only yellow tint. Phlox inflorescences consist of many small flowers with a diameter of 2-4 centimeters. According to the timing of flowering, phloxes are divided into spring, early summer and summer-autumn.
Rhododendron (or rosewood) is a plant from the heather family. In its natural environment, the plant lives in Asia, America, Europe, Far East, Caucasus and Altai. Blooming rhododendron is a real decoration of the garden.
The branched bush is completely covered with lush inflorescences of the most different colors. The shape of the flowers is also different: bell-shaped. Tubular, funnel-shaped, wheel-shaped. Some varieties exude a subtle, pleasant aroma. Flowering shrub lasts about a month.
Buddleya is an ornamental shrub native to East Asia, South Africa and South America. The plant, which forms lush paniculate inflorescences, looks like a hydrangea or double lilac.
Panicles of buddley, from 20 to 45 centimeters long, consist of small flowers. The color palette is varied: bright purple, pale pink, white, lilac, purple, red, cream. The most decorative are varieties that combine several shades of color in inflorescences.
Verbena is an unpretentious herbaceous perennial that even the most inexperienced and lazy gardener. This heat-loving plant comes from South America, therefore it is grown as an annual in our latitudes.
Verbena stems from 20 to 100 centimeters high are straight or creeping, with rounded or oval leaves, sometimes almost leafless. The tops of the stems invariably end in umbrella inflorescences with small flowers of white, pink, lilac, purple color, sometimes with a spectacular white eye in the center.
Flowering begins in June and pleases the eye until the onset of frost.
Heliotrope is a plant from the borage family, represented by 250 species. In cultural floriculture, Peruvian heliotrope is mainly grown. The corymbose and stalk-bearing species are less common.
Heliotrope is a low shrub (no more than 70 centimeters) with pointed lanceolate leaves and straight, long peduncles. Heliotrope inflorescences up to 15 centimeters in diameter consist of small, fragrant flowers of dark purple or dark blue color. A bush blooms from early June until frost.
Trachelium is an evergreen perennial from the bell family native to the Mediterranean countries. The name of the plant comes from the word "trachelos", which means throat. The reason for this is that trachelium has medicinal properties: it can treat inflammatory diseases of the throat and respiratory system.
The resemblance to hydrangea is given to the plant by “caps” - inflorescences, effectively towering over dark green foliage in August-September. The flowers are mostly bright blue or purple shades, but there are purple, white, deep purple tones. Flowers exude a sweet aroma, which attracts many butterflies to the bush.
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