Report “Preschoolers and sports games.

A major role in the comprehensive physical education of children preschool age play elements of sports games. They are selected based on age, health conditions, individual inclinations and interests of the child. They use only some elements of sports game technology that are accessible and useful to preschool children. Based on these elements learned by children, games can be organized that are played according to simplified rules.

Sports games strengthen large muscle groups, develop psychophysical qualities: strength, speed, agility, endurance. In sports games, a child’s mental activity and orientation in space increase, intelligence and quick thinking develop, and awareness of his own actions occurs. The child learns to coordinate his actions with the actions of his comrades; he develops restraint, self-control, responsibility, will and determination; His sensorimotor experience is enriched, creativity develops.

It is extremely important to take into account the developmental role of joy, strong emotions, and undying interest in the results of the game. A child’s passion for play enhances the physiological state of the body.

Sport exercises replenish and enrich lexicon such words as “racket”, “shuttlecock”, “rack” (of a badminton player or tennis player), “small towns”, “skittles”, “bat”, etc. Sports games are filmed nervous tension, help free expression of emotions.

In a preschool institution, children should have skittles, skittles, croquet, serso, and badminton at their constant disposal.

Outdoor games with elements of sports games require special preparation of the child’s body to carry them out. To do this in kindergarten It is necessary to use only those games that will give children the opportunity to quickly master the elements of sports games. To this end, the greatest attention should be paid to ball games. In these games, children will master the skills of catching, throwing, and throwing. Observations and studies have led to the conclusion that ball games are an excellent means of physical and neuropsychic development. Medical and pedagogical control shows that with fast movements with the ball, all physiological processes occur more intensely. Playing with a ball plays a particularly important role in developing reaction speed, agility, mobility, etc.

Teach children games with elements of sports games follows gradually, moving from simple to complex. Training should begin with learning common techniques that are similar to a number of games. When learning the basic techniques of sports games, the greatest favorite (especially among boys) is playing gorodki, as well as ball games such as basketball, badminton, and tennis.

Stepanenkova E. Ya. Theory and methodology of physical education and child development: Textbook. aid for students higher ped. textbook establishments. - M.: Publishing center "Academy", 2001. - 368 p. pp. 241-246.

Family sport games in kindergarten for older preschoolers (5-7 years old) and parents of pupils.

Solodova Marina Dmitrievna, physical education instructor, MBDOU “Kindergarten No. 1 named after. Yu.A. Gagarin", Sakhalin region, Aniva city.
Description of material: I offer you family sports games for older groups (5-7 years old) and parents of students. This material will be of interest to physical education instructors in preschool institutions, educators, as well as physical education teachers. primary classes. Family sports games are aimed at active interaction between the instructor and children and parents of students in the formation of a healthy lifestyle.
Target: introducing children and adults to active image life, accept direct participation in the educational process of preschool educational institutions.
Tasks:
- create a cheerful and joyful mood in children and their parents;
- to carry out the relationship between the kindergarten and the family in the physical education of children;
Competition No. 1 “Fast Legs”
The participants of each team line up behind the starting line in a column, one at a time, with relay batons in the hands of the guides. At the signal, the youngest player of the team runs out from behind the starting line, runs in a straight line to the turning post, runs around it, returns to his team and passes the baton to the next participant to his mother, and he stands at the end of his column, the mother runs around the turning post, runs around it, returns and passes the baton to dad, dad continues the baton. The team that completes the task faster wins.

Competition No. 2 “Walking with bags on your head”
Each team is given a sandbag. The first participant walks with the bag on his head to the counter, walks around it and goes back, passing the bag to the next participant. The team that completes the task faster wins.
Competition No. 3 “Balloons”
Participants line up behind the common starting line in a column one at a time. The child has an inflatable ball in his hands. At a signal, he moves forward, holding an inflatable ball in his hands, to the turntable and back. Mom does the same, but hits the ball with a tennis racket, dad with a gymnastic stick. The family that completes the task first wins.

Competition No. 4 “Pull the pasta”
There is an equal amount of pasta on the table in front of the teams, who can thread it on a thread the fastest.

Competition No. 5 “Salute”
Balls of four colors are scattered around the hall. Each team, when given a signal, collects balls of its color into a box. Having collected all the balls, the team lines up at the starting line.

Competition No. 6 “Musical”
Teams are offered six melodies without words, they must guess what kind of song it is, the guesser quickly rings the bell.
Competition No. 7 “Roll the ball with a hoop”
Using a hoop, you need to roll the ball along the distance, put it in the basket and run back, passing the baton to the next one.
Competition No. 8 “Basketball”
Send in a ring
You need a basketball.
Only precision of hands and accuracy of eyes
Will allow you to hit more than once.
Dads place the child on their shoulders. Mom serves the basketball. The child must throw into the basketball hoop. There are five attempts per team, the number of hits is counted).
Competition No. 9 “A clever couple”
You need to carry the ball, holding it with your foreheads, standing opposite each other, to the flag and back,” the parents play.

Dance competition No. 10 “Best Dance”
Married couples are offered the tunes “Polka”, “Russian Folk”, “Tango”, “Quadrille”, and they must choose to dance to these tunes.

Competition No. 11 “The most dexterous dad”
The game “Traps” is played with all the children present at the holiday. Ribbons - “tails” - are distributed. The dad with the most “tails” wins.

Competition No. 12 “Soup Preparations”
At the end of the hall there are 5 potatoes, 2 carrots and an onion on a plate. Mom runs and chops five potatoes, takes them and runs to the finish line, puts them in a pan, then dad runs and peels the carrots, takes them and puts them in the pan, the child runs and takes the onion, runs back and puts the onion in the pan. Who will complete the task faster?

Competition No. 13 “Water Bread”
Families simultaneously drink from a glass of compote from straws.

Competition No. 14 “Victory”
There are easels in front of the teams, next to them are three syllables with the word PO - BE - YES. Mom, dad, child take turns, take syllables, run to the easel and line up the word VICTORY

Good luck!

The role of play in the formation and development of a child cannot be overestimated. It is through play that a child learns the world, his laws, learns to live by the rules. All children love to move, jump, gallop, and run races. Outdoor games with rules are a conscious, active activity of the child, which is characterized by timely and accurate completion of tasks related to the rules that are mandatory for all participants. Outdoor play is a kind of exercise with which children prepare for life.

Outdoor games are of great importance in a child’s life, as they are an indispensable means for a child to gain knowledge and ideas about the world around him. They also influence the development of thinking, ingenuity, dexterity, dexterity, moral strong-willed qualities. Outdoor games for children strengthen physical health and educate life situations, help the child to achieve proper development.

Outdoor games for preschoolers

Outdoor games for younger preschoolers

Children of primary preschool age, as a rule, imitate everything they see when playing. IN outdoor games In children, as a rule, it is not communication with peers that manifests itself, but a reflection of the life that adults or animals live. Children at this age enjoy flying like sparrows, jumping like bunnies, flapping their arms like butterflies with wings. Thanks to developed ability By imitation, most outdoor games for children of primary preschool age are of a plot nature.

• Outdoor game "Mice dance in a circle"

Goal: develop motor activity

Description: before starting the game you need to choose a driver - a “cat”. The cat chooses a “stove” for itself (it can be a bench or chair), sits on it and closes its eyes. All other participants join hands and begin to dance around the cat with the words:

The mice dance in circles
The cat is dozing on the stove.
Quieter than a mouse, don't make noise,
Don't wake up Vaska the cat,
Vaska the cat will wake up -
He’ll break up our round dance!”

While pronouncing the last words, the cat stretches, opens his eyes and begins to chase mice. The caught participant becomes a cat, and the game starts over.

• Game "Sunshine and Rain"

Objectives: to teach children to find their place in the game, navigate in space, develop the ability to perform actions on a signal from the teacher.

Description: Children sit in the hall on chairs. The chairs are their “home”. After the teacher’s words: “What good weather, go for a walk!”, the guys get up and start moving in a random direction. As soon as the teacher says: “It’s raining, run home!”, the children should run to the chairs and take their place. The teacher says “Drip - drip - drip!” Gradually the rain subsides and the teacher says: “Go for a walk. The rain has stopped!”

• Game "Sparrows and the cat"

Objectives: teach children to jump gently, bending their knees, run, dodge the driver, run away, find their place.

Description: Circles are drawn on the ground - “nests”. Children - “sparrows” sit in their “nests” on one side of the playground. On the other side of the site there is a “cat”. As soon as the “cat” falls asleep, the “sparrows” fly out onto the road, fly from place to place, looking for crumbs and grains. The “cat” wakes up, meows, and runs after the sparrows, which must fly to their nests.

First, the role of “cat” is played by the teacher, then by one of the children.

• Outdoor game "Sparrows and a car"

Another game for children 3-5 years old about sparrows.

Objectives: to teach children to run in different directions, start moving or change it at the leader’s signal, find your place.

Description: Children - “sparrows”, sit in their “nests” (on a bench). The teacher depicts a “car”. As soon as the teacher says: “The sparrows have flown onto the path,” the children rise from the bench and begin to run around the playground. At the teacher’s signal: “The car is moving, sparrows fly to their nests!” - the “car” leaves the “garage”, and the children must return to the “nest” (sit on the bench). The "car" returns to the "garage".

• Game "Cat and Mice"

There are many games for children with cats and mice involved. Here is one of them.

Objectives: This active game helps children develop the ability to perform movements on a signal. Practice running in different directions.

Description: Children - “mice” are sitting in holes (on chairs along the wall). In one of the corners of the playground sits a “cat” - a teacher. The cat falls asleep and the mice scatter around the room. The cat wakes up, meows, and begins to catch mice, which run into their holes and take their places. When all the mice return to their holes, the cat walks through the hall again, then returns to its place and falls asleep.

• Outdoor game for preschoolers "At the bear in the forest"

Objectives: develop the speed of reaction to a verbal signal, exercise children in running, develop attention.

Description: Among the participants, one driver is chosen to be the “bear”. On playground draw two circles. The first circle is the bear's den, the second circle is the home for the rest of the game participants. The game begins with the children leaving the house saying:

By the bear in the forest
I take mushrooms and berries.
But the bear doesn't sleep,
And he growls at us.

As soon as the children uttered these words, the “bear” runs out of the den and catches the children. The one who did not have time to reach the house and was caught by the “bear” becomes the driver (“bear”).

• Through the stream (an active game with jumping)

Objectives: Teach how to jump correctly, walk along a narrow path, and maintain balance.

Description: Two lines are drawn on the site at a distance of 1.5 - 2 meters from one another. At this distance, pebbles are drawn at a certain distance from each other.

The players stand at the line - on the bank of a stream, they must cross (jump over) it on the pebbles without getting their feet wet. Those who stumbled and got their feet wet go to dry them in the sun and sit on a bench. Then they get back into the game.

• Game "Birds and Cat"

Objectives: Learn to follow the rules of the game. React to a signal.

Description: for the game you will need a mask of a cat and birds, and a large circle drawn.

Children stand in a circle on the outside. One child stands in the center of the circle (the cat), falls asleep (closes his eyes), and the birds jump into the circle and fly there, pecking at the grains. The cat wakes up and begins to catch the birds, and they run away out of the circle.

• Game "Snowflakes and the Wind"

Tasks: Practice running in different directions, without bumping into each other, act on a signal.

Description: At the signal “Wind!” children - “snowflakes” - run around the playground in different directions, spinning (“the wind spins snowflakes in the air”). At the signal “No wind!” - crouch (“snowflakes fell to the ground”).

Outdoor game "Find yourself a partner"

Objectives: to develop in children the ability to perform actions on a signal, to quickly form pairs.

Description: Participants stand along the wall. Each of them receives a flag. As soon as the teacher gives a sign, the children scatter around the playground. After the command “Find yourself a pair,” participants who have flags of the same color are paired up. An odd number of children must participate in the game and at the end of the game one is left without a pair.

All these outdoor games can be successfully used for playing in kindergarten in a group or on a walk. Children of different ages: from babies 3 years old to children middle group 4-5 year olds enjoy playing with them.

• Outdoor games for children 5-7 years old

In children 5-6, 6-7 years old, the nature of play activity changes somewhat. Now they are already beginning to be interested in the result of the outdoor game, they strive to express their feelings, desires, and fulfill their plans. However, imitation and imitation do not disappear and continue to play a significant role. important role in the life of an older preschooler. These games can also be played in kindergarten.

• Game "Bear and Bees"

Tasks: practice running, follow the rules of the game.

Description: participants are divided into two teams - “bears” and “bees”. Before the start of the game, the “bees” take places in their “hives” (benches or ladders can serve as hives). At the command of the leader, the “bees” fly to the meadow for honey, and at this time the “bears” climb into the “hives” and feast on honey. Having heard the signal “Bears!”, all the “bees” return to the “hives” and “sting” (salat) the “bears” who did not have time to escape. The next time, the stung “bear” no longer goes out to get honey, but remains in the den.

Game "Burners"

Tasks: practice running, respond to a signal, follow the rules of the game.

Description: The game involves an odd number of children who become pairs and hold hands. In front of the column there is a driver who looks forward. The children repeat the words in chorus:

Burn, burn clearly
So that it doesn't go out,
Look at the sky -
Birds are flying
The bells are ringing!
Once! Two! Three! Run!

As soon as the participants say the word “Run!”, those standing in the last pair in the column release their hands and run forward along the column, one with right side, the other is on the left. Their task is to run forward, stand in front of the driver and join hands again. The driver, in turn, must catch one of this pair before they hold hands. If you manage to catch, then the driver and the caught one will form a new pair, and the participant left without a pair will now lead.

• Outdoor game "Two Frosts"

A well-known game for preschoolers with simple rules. Objectives: to develop inhibition in children, the ability to act on a signal, and practice running.

Description: On opposite sides of the site there are two houses, indicated by lines. Players are placed on one side of the court. The teacher selects two people who will become drivers. They are located in the middle of the area between the houses, facing the children. These are two Frosts - Red Nose Frost and Blue Nose Frost. At the teacher’s signal “Start!” both Frosts say the words: “We are two young brothers, two frosts are daring. I am Frost Red Nose. I am Frost Blue Nose. Which of you will decide to set off on this little path?” All the players answer: “We are not afraid of threats and we are not afraid of frost” and run to the house on the opposite side of the site, and the Frosts try to freeze them, i.e. touch with your hand. Those of the guys who were touched by Frost freeze in place and remain like that until the end of the run. The frozen ones are counted, after which they join the players.

• Game "Sly Fox"

Goal: to develop agility, speed, coordination.

Description: A line is drawn on one side of the site, thereby indicating the “Fox House”. The teacher asks the children, who are located in a circle, to close their eyes. The teacher walks around the formed circle behind the children and touches one of the participants, who from that moment becomes a “sly fox.”

After this, the teacher invites the children to open their eyes and, looking around, try to determine who the sly fox is. Next, the children ask 3 times: “Sly fox, where are you?” At the same time, the questioners look at each other. After the children have asked the third time, the sly fox jumps into the middle of the circle, raises his hands up and shouts: “I’m here!” All participants scatter around the site in all directions, and the sly fox tries to catch someone. After 2-3 people are caught, the teacher says: “In a circle!” and the game starts again.

• Game "Deer Catching"

Objectives: practice running in different directions, agility.

Description: Two shepherds are selected from among the participants. The remaining players are deer located inside the outlined circle. The shepherds are behind the circle, opposite each other. At the leader’s signal, the shepherds take turns throwing the ball at the deer, who try to dodge the ball. The deer that the ball hit is considered caught and leaves the circle. After several repetitions, he counts the number of deer caught.

Game "Fishing Rod"

Objectives: develop dexterity, attention, speed of reaction.

Description: participants sit in a circle. In the center there is a driver - a teacher. He holds a string in his hands, at the end of which a small bag of sand is tied. The driver rotates the rope in a circle just above the ground. Children jump in such a way that the rope does not touch their legs. Those participants whose legs are hit by the rope are eliminated from the game.

• Game "Hunters and Falcons"

Tasks: practice running.

Description: All participants are falcons and are on one side of the hall. There are two hunters in the middle of the hall. As soon as the teacher gives the signal: “Falcons, fly!” participants must run to the opposite side of the hall. The hunters' task is to catch (spot) as many falcons as possible before they have time to cross conditional line. Repeat the game 2-3 times, then change the drivers.

Game "Spider and flies"

Description: in one of the corners of the hall, a circle indicates a web in which there is a spider - the driver. All the other guys are flies. All the flies “fly” around the hall, buzzing. At the presenter’s signal “Spider!” the flies freeze. The spider comes out of hiding and carefully examines all the flies. He takes those who move into his web. After two or three repetitions, the number of flies caught is counted.

Outdoor game "Mousetrap"

Objectives: to develop in children the ability to perform actions on a signal.

Description: Two participants stand facing each other, join their hands and raise them higher. After this, both say in unison:

“How tired we are of the mice, they gnawed everything, ate everything!
We’ll set up a mousetrap and then we’ll catch the mice!”

While the participants are saying these words, the rest of the guys must run under their clasped hands. At the last words, the presenters abruptly lower their hands and catch one of the participants. The caught one joins the catchers and now there are three of them. So the mousetrap gradually grows. The last participant remaining is the winner.

Outdoor games for schoolchildren 7-9, 10-12 years old

Schoolchildren also love to play games during breaks or walks. We have selected games that you can play during after-school walks or during lessons. physical culture in grades 1-4. The rules of the game become a little more complicated, but the main objectives of the games are: training agility, reaction, speed, general physical development and the ability to cooperate with the guys.

Many outdoor games are universal: both boys and girls can play them. You can divide children into groups of girls and boys or according to another principle.

Game "Homeless Hare"

Goal: to develop attentiveness, thinking, speed and endurance.

Description: A hunter and a homeless hare are selected from all participants. The remaining players are hares, each draw a circle for themselves and stand in it. A hunter tries to catch up with a running homeless hare.

A hare can escape from a hunter by running into any circle. At the same time, the participant who stands in this circle must immediately run away, since now he becomes a homeless hare, and the hunter now catches him.

If a hunter catches a hare, then the one caught becomes the hunter.

• Outdoor game "Feet off the ground"

Objectives: learn to follow the rules of the game.

Description: The driver walks around the hall with other guys. As soon as the teacher says: “Catch!”, all participants scatter, trying to climb to any height where they can raise their feet above the ground. You can only insult those whose feet are on the ground. At the end of the game, the number of losers is counted and a new driver is selected.

Game "Empty Space"

Objectives: develop reaction speed, agility, attentiveness, help improve running skills.

Description: participants form a circle, and the driver is located behind the circle. By touching the shoulder of one of the players, he thereby challenges him to the competition. After this, the driver and the participant he chose run along the circle in opposite directions. The first one to occupy the empty space left by the chosen player remains in the circle. The one left without a seat becomes the driver.

• Outdoor game "Third wheel"

Objectives: develop dexterity, speed, cultivate a sense of teamwork.

Description: Participants walk in a circle in pairs, holding hands. The distance between pairs is 1.5 - 2 meters. Two drivers, one of whom runs away, the other catches up. The running player can stand in front of any pair at any time. In this case, the back player of the pair he stood in front of becomes the one who is being caught up. If, nevertheless, the player managed to catch up and make fun of him, then the drivers change roles.

• Game "Shootout"

Objectives: develop dexterity, attentiveness, speed of reaction.

Description: The game is played on a volleyball court. Having retreated 1.5 meters from the front line into the hall, a line parallel to it is drawn to form something like a corridor. An additional line is also drawn on the other side.

Participants are divided into two teams, each of which is placed on its own half of the court from the middle line of the corridor. Both teams must choose a captain. You cannot enter the opponent's territory. Each player who has the ball tries to hit his opponent with it without going beyond the center line. The greasy player is taken prisoner and remains there until the players of his team throw the ball into his hands. After this, the player returns to the team.

Outdoor games while walking

Walking with children in kindergarten or after-school primary school, the teacher needs something to keep the children occupied: great solution is the organization of outdoor games during a walk. First, the teacher introduces the children to various games, and later the children themselves, dividing into groups, will be able to decide which game they want to play. Games on fresh air have a beneficial effect on development child's body and strengthening the immune system. And the time of the walk flies by.

Before starting the game, the teacher needs to pay attention to the condition of the playing field: are there any unnecessary objects, splinters and anything else that could interfere with children’s play and create a dangerous environment - unfortunately, you can find them not only on the street, but also on the playground of a school or kindergarten a lot of trash.

• Train game

Objectives: To develop in children the ability to perform movements according to a sound signal, to consolidate the skill of forming a column. Practice walking and running after each other.

Description: Children line up in a column. The first child in the column represents a locomotive, the rest of the participants are carriages. After the teacher blows the whistle, the children begin to move forward (without clutch). First slowly, then faster, gradually starting to run, saying “Chu - chu - chu!” “The train is approaching the station,” says the teacher. Children gradually slow down and stop. The teacher blows the whistle again, and train movement resumes.

• Outdoor game "Blind Man's Bluff"

Objectives: developing dexterity, developing the ability to navigate in space, observation.

Description: To play the game you need free space. A driver is selected, blindfolded and taken to the middle of the site. The driver is turned several times around his own axis, after which he must catch any player. The one who is caught becomes the driver.

• Game "Day and Night"

Tasks: practice running in different directions, act on a signal.

Description: All participants are divided into two teams. One command is “day”, the other is “night”. A line is drawn or a cord is placed in the middle of the hall. The teams stand at a distance of two steps from the drawn line, with their backs to each other. At the command of the presenter, for example, “Day!” the team with the appropriate name begins to catch up. Children from the “night” team must manage to run beyond the conditional line before their opponents have time to stain them. The winner is the team that manages to stain large quantity players from the opposing team.

• Game "Baskets"

Objectives: practice running after each other, develop speed, reaction speed, and attentiveness.

Description: Two presenters are selected. One of them will be the catcher, the other will be the fugitive. All remaining participants are divided into pairs and join hands, creating something like a basket. The players scatter in different directions, and the leaders separate; the catcher tries to catch up with the fugitive. The fugitive must run between the pairs. The baskets should not catch the fugitive, and for this he calls the names of the participants in the basket to which he runs up.

• Game "Hit and Run"

Objectives: to develop in children the ability to perform actions on a signal.

Description: The teacher is in the center of the circle. Throws the ball to the child and says his name. This kid catches the ball and throws it back to the adult. When the adult throws the ball up, all children must run to “their” place. The adult's task is to try to hit the fleeing children.

In this article we have presented 29 outdoor games with detailed description game rules. We hope that this material will help organize children’s games at school during recess and physical education lessons, during walks in preschool educational institutions and public schools.

Compiled by: Oksana Gennadievna Borsch, primary school teacher, deputy director for educational work.

Elements of sports games play a major role in the comprehensive physical education of preschool children. They are selected taking into account the age, health status, individual inclinations and interests of the child. They use only some elements of sports game technology that are accessible and useful to preschool children. Based on these elements learned by children, games can be organized that are played according to simplified rules. Sports games strengthen large muscle groups, develop psychophysical qualities: strength, speed, agility, endurance. In sports games, a child’s mental activity and orientation in space increase, intelligence and quick thinking develop, and awareness of his own actions occurs. The child learns to coordinate his actions with the actions of his comrades; he develops restraint, self-control, responsibility, will and determination; His sensorimotor experience is enriched and creativity develops. It is extremely important to take into account the developmental role of joy, strong emotions, and undying interest in the results of the game. A child’s passion for play enhances the physiological state of the body. Sports exercises replenish and enrich the vocabulary with words such as “racket”, “shuttlecock”, “rack” (of a badminton player or tennis player), “towns”, “skittles”, “bat”, etc. Sports games relieve nervous tension and help free expression of emotions. Badminton (feather ball) is a sports game with a shuttlecock and rackets. The goal of the game is to prevent the shuttlecock from falling on your court and land it on the opponent's side. Simplicity of the rules, the ability to play on any small area, lawn, beach, etc. making badminton a widely accessible game. Before the game, the child is taught to hold the racket correctly: hold it in right hand so that the end of the handle rests against the base of the palm, thumb slightly extended forward and rests on the racket handle. A child practices hitting a shuttlecock. With his left hand he throws the shuttlecock in front of him and hits it upward with the racket, not allowing it to fall (see Fig. 13). Before teaching children this game directly, the teacher must prepare them in the following indicators: 1) develop appropriate posture; 2) develop physical qualities: impact force, reaction speed, etc.;

• 1. develop mobility of the hand, for this purpose give exercises that develop the fingers and joints of the hand;
• 2. develop the child’s ability to play ball;
• 3. develop detailed tasks that will ensure the development of throwing skills;
• 4. lead children to effectively master the game and its rules;
• 5. practice the basic techniques of playing badminton (badminton player’s stance, racket grip, shuttlecock reception, shuttlecock serve).

After mastering these exercises, a game for two is suggested. Children stand opposite each other at a distance of 4-5 m. The child, who has a shuttlecock in his left hand and a racket in his right, throws the shuttlecock in front of him and directs it to his partner with a blow from the racket. The partner hits the shuttlecock with the racket to the first player. A variant of the game is to play through a net or cord stretched at the level of the child’s head. The players try to hit the shuttlecock so that it falls on the opponent's side. If one child made a mistake (the shuttlecock fell on his side, or he did not throw it over the net), then the other gets a point. Basketball is team game, in which the joint actions of players are determined by a common goal. It is complex and emotional, includes fast running, jumping, throwing, carried out in originally conceived combinations, carried out with the opposition of playing partners (see Fig. 14). N. Shashkova’s research showed that if a child has the skills of various ball manipulations (“Ball School”), this makes it easier to master the game of basketball.

Before you start playing basketball, you must follow the following sequence of exercises to master this game:

• 1. training in the technique of moving and holding the ball; passing the ball; dribbling;
• 2. throwing the ball into the basket.

Moving techniques To successfully master actions with the ball, it is necessary to teach children such moving techniques as standing, running, jumping, turning, stopping. Children should be taught to accept and subsequently maintain the basic stance of a basketball player: legs are bent at the knees, shoulder-width apart, one of them is put forward half a step. The body is directed forward, its weight is distributed evenly on both legs. Rumi is bent at the elbows, pressed to the body. Exercises: 1. Children run around the playground with a ball in their hands. They play freely on the court, perform different movements with the ball; after the teacher’s signal, they quickly catch the ball and take the correct stance. 2. Children stand in a circle. Everyone runs in a circle, taking the correct stance at the signal. Movement around the site is carried out by running in combination with walking, jumping, stopping and turning. While running, the child must place his entire foot on the ground.

• 3. Children without balls are distributed in a circle, facing the middle, at a distance of 2-3 steps from each other. They move with side steps in the direction indicated by the teacher. The teacher often changes the direction of movement.
• 1. Children stand in 2-3 columns at a distance of 2-3 m from one another. The columns move forward slowly at the usual pace; after the teacher’s signal, those standing first move at a side step facing their column at its end and become the last.
• 2. Stops. Preschool children should be taught to stop in two steps. Stopping begins with an energetic push off with one leg. The child takes an elongated, stopping step and, leaning slightly onto the supporting leg, takes the second step. When learning to stop, you should adhere to the following sequence: stop after walking at a pace, then after a slow run, after a fast run and a sudden stop.

Technique of holding the ball The pace of the exercises and the flow of the game depend on the level of possession of the ball. Therefore, the main attention should be paid to the technique of holding and performing actions with the ball. Forming a sense of the ball. When developing actions with the ball, it is necessary for the child to feel the ball as part of his body and learn to control it easily and accurately. The task of the first stage of training is to develop in children certain skills in handling the ball, therefore initial stage In teaching, it is advisable to teach free games with the ball in physical education classes and in independent motor activities, without the goal of practicing the technique of these actions. Children need to be introduced to some of the properties of the ball, showing that the height of the rebound depends on the force applied to the ball, the throw distance depends on the weight of the ball, as well as on the force applied to it. Then the teacher offers to play with the ball, throwing it up, down, throwing it from one hand to the other, etc. In exercises, children get used to the ball and learn to control it. When teaching preschoolers to play basketball, ordinary large rubber balls are used. Great importance has proper ball retention. Starting position: hold the ball at chest level with both hands. In this case, the arms should be bent, elbows down, hands at the back of the ball, fingers spread wide; thumbs directed towards each other, the rest - up and forward.

Rules for holding the ball:

• 1. Hold the ball at chest level.
• 2. Arms bent, fingers spread wide.
• 3. Elbows down, arm muscles relaxed.

Catching the ball. It is necessary to teach children to meet the ball with their hands as early as possible, using their fingers to form, as it were, half a hollow ball into which the ball should fit. The child follows the flight of the ball, and as soon as the ball touches his fingertips, he must grab it and pull it towards him with a shock-absorbing movement. At the same time, you need to bend your legs so as to take the position of the original stance. Rules for catching the ball:

• 1. Catch the ball with your hands, without pressing it to your chest, moving towards the flying ball.
• 2. Without holding the ball in your hands, quickly pass it.

Passing the ball. Simultaneously with catching the ball, it is necessary to teach children to pass it with both hands from a standing position, and then in motion. Children should be taught to pass the ball from correct stance holding the ball with both hands at chest level. When passing, the child must describe a small arc with the ball towards the body downwards - onto the chest and, extending his arms forward, send the ball away from himself with an active movement of the hand, while simultaneously straightening his legs. Rules for passing the ball:

• 1. Lower your elbows down.
• 2. Throw the ball at the level of your partner’s chest.
• 3. Follow the ball with your eyes and hands.

Exercises:

• 1. Children stand in two lines, facing each other at a distance of 2-3 m. Children in pairs pass the ball to each other.
• 2. The construction is the same. One child from the first rank holds the ball. He passes the ball to his partner from the second rank, who returns the ball to the first rank. The second child from the first line throws the ball to the child of the second line standing opposite, etc. The last child, having caught the ball, runs forward and becomes the first in his line.
• 3. Three children stand in a triangle. They take turns throwing the ball to each other.
• 4. Three children stand in a triangle, they have one ball. Children pass the ball to each other. After the pass, the child moves to the place of the person to whom he threw the ball.

Dribbling. At the initial stage of children's education six years old Dribbling with a high bounce is more accessible because it does not require a low stance. Then it becomes possible to teach the child to move on the floor legs bent. And finally, he easily masters dribbling the ball with a regular bounce in a straight line, with changes in direction. When wielding a sword, children learn to move on slightly bent legs, leaning slightly forward. The hand dribbling the ball is bent at the elbow, the hand with freely spaced fingers is placed on the ball above and away from you. The player pushes the ball slightly to the side of himself, evenly. Basic mistakes: children hit the ball with a relaxed palm; many try to dribble the ball straight in front of them, which interferes with forward movement. Rules for dribbling:

• 1. Don't hit the ball, but push it down.
• 2. Dribble the ball from the front - from the side, and not directly in front of you.
• 3. Look forward, not down, at the ball. When learning to dribble the ball, it is advisable to first use preparatory exercises: hitting the ball with both hands, hitting the ball with the right and left hand in place, dribbling in place alternately with the right and left hand. After the child learns to control the ball with both hands confidently enough, you can move on to dribbling in motion, first by walking, then by running. Exercises:
• 1. Dribbling the ball in place, actively pushing it down with your right hand, then with your left hand.
• 2. Dribbling the ball in place alternately with the right and left hands.
• 3. The group consists of 6 people, and subgroups are located along the entire length of the site. The first player leads the ball to the second, passing the ball, he himself remains in his place; the second dribbles the ball to the third and does the same. The last one returns to its place

first. 4. Children line up in columns of 4-6 people. Opposite each column, pins are placed at a distance of 1-2 m from each other. After the teacher’s signal, the children dribble the ball, going around the first pin on the right, the second on the left. They dribble the balls back in a straight line, pass them to the next person and stand at the end of the column. Throwing a ball into a basket. The movement when passing the ball and throwing it into the basket are similar in structure. Therefore, learning to throw a ball into a basket can also be limited to instilling throwing skills with two hands from the chest and one hand from the shoulder. Holding the ball at chest level, the child should make a small arc downwards towards himself and, straightening his arms up, throw it while straightening his legs. Throwing the ball with two hands from the chest is used mainly when throwing the ball into the basket from a standing position. Throwing the ball into the basket. after dribbling or after catching it, when the child receives the ball, running to the center, most often done with one hand from the shoulder. When throwing with one hand from the shoulder from a place, one leg is put out | takes half a step forward. The ball is on the palm bent in elbow joint hand and holds with the other hand. Extending the legs while simultaneously straightening the arm with the ball up and forward, the child directs the ball into the basket with a gentle push of the hand. Rules for throwing the ball into the basket:

• 1. When throwing the ball, do not lower your head, accompany it with your hands.
• 2. Look at the front edge of the hoop if you are shooting while standing directly in front of the basket. If you are not in a straight line in front of the basket, shoot with a bounce off the backboard - aim at the point where you want to hit the ball.

Exercises:

• 1. Children line up in two columns of 4-6 people each, opposite one basket. One column occupies a place on the left side of the basket, the other on the right. Those standing first throw, catch the ball and stand at the end of their column. The next children repeat the same.
• 2. 5-6 children sit freely in front of the basket, each with a ball. After the teacher’s signal, the children throw the ball, trying

; trying to get into the basket as often as possible. First, the teacher shows and explains to the children the rules of aiming, then invites them to throw the ball to the backboard, then gives them the task of throwing the ball over a high-hanging net, rope, etc. (150--170 cm). When they learn to simply throw the ball to the basket, you need to offer to get into it in any way. It is advisable to gradually increase the height. A convenient stand with a variable ring height. An interesting game is ringball1. This is a type of mini-basketball, it was described by V. Titov. This game develops endurance, jumping ability, agility, reaction speed, and the ability to navigate well on the court.

The game is played on a round platform. In the center of two circles with a radius of 4 and 1.5 m, a metal mast with a height of 4-5 m is installed vertically. To its upper part, depending on the technical preparedness and age group of the players, at one of the heights (3.5; 2.6; 2.15 m -- the height of the hoops in basketball, mini-basketball and ringball) two standard basketball hoops are attached. The area of ​​the large circle is the playing field, the area of ​​the small circle is the free throw area. The middle line divides the playing field into two zones - the back and the front. From the outer part of the boundary line of the playing field, eight marking lines, each 15 cm long, are applied at equal intervals. The width of all marking lines is 5 cm. In ringball competitions, dribbling (driving the ball) is not provided for by the rules, therefore, in addition to a basketball ball, a volleyball, football or rubber water polo ball can be used. Rules of the game: Each team has 6 players (2 fielders and 4 setters). Field players perform the roles of defenders and forwards and, while on the playing field, are directly involved in shots at the opponents’ hoop. The set players are in their sectors outside the court and participate only in receiving and passing the ball to the field players of their team. The game consists of three periods, each of which continues until a field player of one of the teams makes a shot at the ring. After this, the field players of both teams take the places of the setters, who in turn become field players, etc. The technical element - the repeated steps of a player with the ball in his hands forward, backward, left, right, in which the supporting leg does not leave the court - is included in the rules of the game. All other advances and movements of field players around the court are carried out without the ball. Having received the ball, the field player, in order to further advance into the front zone (half of the court on which the opponent’s ring is located), must pass to his team’s set player. In turn, the setter, having received the ball, tries to make an accurate pass to one of the field players of his team. The ball is passed between field players only through set players, and between set players only through field players. The game is stopped and the ball is given to the opposing team or a free throw is awarded for the following violations:

a) when receiving or passing the ball, the set player stepped or [crossed the boundary line of the court or his sector; b) direct transmission between connecting players of one team | cunts; c) direct transmission between field players of the same team; d) touching the mast with your hand in a game situation; e) the attacker is in the opponent’s free throw zone for more than three seconds; f) the setter performs a throw-in or free throw; g) deliberate touching of an opponent (delay, pushes, blows, blocking with hands and feet). As the game of ringball is mastered, the competition may * include a zone rule (the attacking team cannot return the ball to its own half of the court). For children younger age We recommend holding ringball competitions with one field and four set players. In this case, the game will consist of 5 periods. Tennis is a sports game. It is played by hitting a racket on a small rubber ball weighing 56.7-58.5 g, with a diameter of 6.35-6.67 cm. The playing area is 23.77 m long and 10.97 m wide, for single player the size of the site is 8.23 ​​m with a length of 23.77 m. The soil for the site is clay-sand or asphalt, wood, or grass. The essence of the game is that players, occupying opposite sides of the court, throw the ball over the net, trying to direct it so that the opponent cannot reflect the ball. A system of introductory exercises precedes learning to play tennis. L. Korovkina's research showed the feasibility of teaching the technique of basic strikes.

Technique of basic strokes The way of holding the racket is a grip. The grip largely determines the playing style of tennis players, but even more so the quality of the strokes. Tennis players mainly use three grips - the all-purpose grip, the forehand grip and the backhand grip. All the described methods of holding a racket have certain differences, but they also have something in common: the fingers on the hand are not located in the fist, but forefinger slightly set back, which increases the plane of contact of the playing hand with the racket when performing strikes.

A tennis player's stance is the position from which one can most effectively prepare for a shot and move around the court towards the ball. In the stance - legs slightly bent at the knees, shoulder-width apart, body weight on the feet, racket in the right/left hand, left/right hand supporting the racket by the neck, head facing the net. Exercises with hitting the ball with a racket:

• 1. With your left hand, lightly throw the ball onto the floor, after the first bounce, catch it on the racket and do not let it roll. Options: catch after two bounces or several; catch first on one side of the racket, then on the other; Take it as low as possible from the floor.
• 2. Throw the ball on the floor and bounce it, lightly hit it from below with the racket so that the ball bounces off the floor again. Options: perform the exercise and hit the racket twice, but moving forward.
• 3. Throw the ball on the floor and hit it with a slight upward blow of the racket, hitting at the highest point of takeoff.
• 4. Throw the ball onto the floor and, without letting it touch the floor, with a jerky but gentle movement of the racket, hit it upward from below and hit it several times. Options: the same with moving forward, to the sides, hitting the ball with the other side of the racket, “chasing”, performed with the left hand.

Exercises against the wall, hitting the ball with a racket:

• 1. Throw the ball against the wall with your hand and catch it, hit the ball with the racket and, after bouncing off the wall, send the ball again to the wall. Option: one of the tennis players hits the ball against the wall and quickly moves to the side, hits one, then the second, etc.
• 2. Throw the ball against the wall with your hand and, after bouncing off the floor, send the ball into the wall with the racket. The option is the same as in the first exercise.
• 3. Throw the ball on the floor so that it hits the wall, then hit the racket to hit the floor, the wall, or the racket.
• 4. The distance between two players is 5-6 m. The child hits the racket towards the floor, and then to the partner.
• 5. One of the players stands behind the other, facing the wall. Points the ball at the wall so that it does not touch the floor; partner hits the ball.

Serso. In kindergarten, serso games are used. "Cerso" in French is a hoop. In preschool institutions, it is recommended to use serso games starting from senior group. These games contribute to the development of basic motor qualities (dexterity, strength, speed, endurance), help orientation in space, coordination of actions, train the vestibular apparatus, influence the formation of moral qualities (mutual assistance, endurance, discipline, courage, perseverance, etc.). etc.), foster the desire to perform the exercise not only correctly, but also beautifully, easily, and naturally.

The equipment for playing serso is simple: a ring and a skewer. The rules of the main game boil down to the following: a child throws a ring with one hand or a skewer to a partner, who catches it with his hand, on his hand or on a skewer. Take turns changing roles. The winner is determined by the number of rings caught (the number is set in advance). There are about 60 different exercises, games, relay races with serso; their study requires adherence to a certain sequence - from simple to more complex with a gradual increase physical activity. The first group - exercises, games, relay races with a ring (without a skewer). Children acquire initial skills in handling the Ring in games: rolling the ring on the floor (ground, asphalt wooden flooring), on gymnastic bench; throwing on horizontal and vertical objects (stationary and moving); tossing and catching the ring. Grabbing the ring Can be from the outside or inside, with one or two hands. The second group - exercises, games, relay races with a ring "Skewer". Children play with two objects: roll a ring guided by a skewer, put a ring on a skewer, etc. Cerso games, if possible, are carried out in the open air. All exercises, games and relays, when used wisely, are quite safe for children. The teacher must teach children to follow the basic rules of all table tennis. Tables are made for playing table tennis: for the middle group, 65 cm high, 230 cm long and 100 cm wide for the older group; preparatory groups The dimensions of the table are 68, 250, 130 cm respectively. For throwing and playing with the ball, vertical and horizontal targets are built on the court - these are metal rings, chocks with attached rings. They are used for throwing and climbing, and for various games. A rocket model installed on the playground is also used for throwing - children throw balls, cones, bags of sand, trying to get them to fly through the rings and fly out on the opposite side. The rocket is used both for exercises in running on an inclined plane, and for role playing games. Children love to throw balls and cones into ball throwers (made of metal rods). They are brightly colored, attract children's attention and are a good target. Cardboard targets are widely used for throwing. natural material, heather rings, etc. Much attention is paid to games with balls (especially “ball school”). Children are also offered racket and ball juggling. They walk and run around the hall with a racket on which the ball lies, trying not to drop it; catch the ball with a racket after it bounces off the floor or wall, pick up the ball, etc. After such exercises, children are invited to play with the ball in pairs, then they can be offered exercises on the table. V. G. Grishin recommends the following exercises: Exercises:

• 1. Throw the ball with your hand so that it touches the table once; the partner also catches with his hand.
• 2. The same thing, only hit and deflect the ball with a racket.
• 3. It is allowed to take the ball not only from the air, but also from the floor, directing it to the table and also bouncing off the table to a partner.

Then the children perform exercises along the tennis table without a net (4-5 pairs practice at the same time).

• 1. Hit the ball so that it hits the table several times; After this, the partner hits the ball back from the air.
• 2. The ball must touch the table once, then the partner reflects it.
• 6. Playing the ball without a net according to the rules of the game for two bounces from the table - on your own half, then on your partner's half - only then the player reflects it. After this, exercises are offered on a table with a net. The net is installed at a height of up to 10 cm. Children master the simplest blow - the push. To do this, the child is at a distance of one step from the table, slightly tilting his torso forward, his legs slightly bent at the knees, holding the racket parallel to the net at a distance of 10-15 cm just above the waist. When hitting the ball, the child takes a step forward with the arm straightened at the elbow joint towards the net; the mirror of the racket should occupy vertical position in relation to the table. First, they learn how to serve the ball; this is more difficult for children than receiving the ball. When serving the ball, the racket top part The playing surface is tilted towards the table. First, the ball is served without reflection through the net by 5 cm, then by 10 cm. In the first period of training, children find it difficult to take low balls. Therefore, it is important to explain to them that they need to serve high balls and direct the ball to the center of the table so that it is more convenient to deflect it. Hockey. During the preparatory period, children master basic concepts: stick, stick blade, puck, etc. At first, children play with small sticks without skates. During this period, the child’s hands get used to the weight of the stick, children acquire dexterity, learn to maneuver, hit the puck, etc. Using small sticks, children try to drive a piece of ice into a hole, circle or goal. They play games “Pass the puck”, “Who can get the puck to the circle faster”, etc. From the very beginning it is important to teach how to hold the stick correctly and naturally with both hands - with your right (strong) hand at the end of the stick, with an overhand grip (stepping back 1, 5--2 cm), and the other arm a little lower - with an underhand grip. The stick must be held so that the blade is completely adjacent to the ice with its lower edge. During the game you should not grab the stick with your hands. In the hands of the player it should be light and obedient. For this, the Children are offered exercises: swinging their arms with a stick, carrying the stick around the body, from one hand to the other, rotating the Stick while holding it with both hands, etc. Dribbling the puck is possible in two ways: smooth dribbling, when the hook of the stick is in continuous contact with the puck, and the technique of the so-called “puck chop”, when the puck is driven with light blows of the hook on the right and left. How to shoot a puck with a stick?

When throwing from the left and. p. - feet shoulder-width apart and the right leg slightly bent slightly in front of the left, stand in a half-turn towards the goal "puck with the stick to the left of the player. During the throw, the puck does not come off the stick hook. Throwing the puck from the right is similar to throwing from the left. When children master the ability to move on skates, you can offer a game of hockey on skates according to simplified rules. During the preparatory period, children are given exercises on skates to develop a sense of dexterity, the ability to maneuver, etc. Children are encouraged to slide between the towns, trying not to hit anyone; on skates, pushing a rag ball or a wooden puck with a stick; or skate together to the line (10-15 m). Everyone moves their puck along the ice. The winner is the one who crosses the line first. paint on the ice, the winner is the one who is the first to drive the puck or piece of ice into the goal 3 times. F. Kiryanova1 suggests playing hockey on a small court (15x7.5 m) in the kindergarten area. This makeshift skating rink is surrounded by meter-high snow banks. Children are even offered goals with a metal body and a net, measuring 1.8 m. Children's clothing when playing hockey should be light, loose, and not restricting movement. When a hockey game is planned during a walk, the teacher carefully thinks through the game plan. Children, putting on skates, run out onto the ice, walk 2-3 laps on skates, and perform a series of exercises at a fast pace, first without a stick, and then with a stick. After this, the children are offered to learn some technique, for example, throwing the puck from the left, etc., then a game is played. The lesson ends with slow skating with changes in tempo and direction (without a stick). Offered following rules games:

• 1. They play in two teams of 5-6 people on each team.
• 2. Duration of the game is 20 minutes (two periods of 10 minutes each with a break of 5-8 minutes).
• 3. During the game, players can be replaced at the discretion of the referee (educator).
• 4. During the game, do not push, do not lift the stick above your shoulder, or throw the puck high in the air.
• 5. Every 5 minutes, replace the goalkeeper with team members (alternately, at the suggestion of the referee).
• 6. Players should not enter the goal area.
• 7. After a missed goal, the game starts from the center of the field. 8. For violation of the rules, remove the player from the field for 1-2 minutes. Gorodki is an old Russian game. This game develops the eye, accuracy of movements, strengthens the muscles of the arms and shoulder girdle, causes powerful emotions. For preschool children, lightweight bats 45-50 cm long, weighing 400-450 g, and 10-12 cm high are selected.

The system and rules of the game in small towns are significantly simplified compared to the game for adults.

A “city” is drawn on the ground - a square, each side of which is 1 m. At a distance of 3-4 m from the front (front) line of the city, a line is drawn from which the end begins. Between the city and the kon at a distance of 2-2.5 m from the city - half-kon. When children learn to knock out towns from this distance, the cone and half-cone lines increase by a distance of 5-6 and 2-3 m. Various figures are formed on the front line of the city (“fence”, “barrel”, “well”, “plane” and etc.). By throwing bats, the player tries to knock the towns out of the city square. The bats are first thrown from the horse when they knock out at least one town - from the half-game. The winner is the one who knocks out the most towns with fewer throws (see Fig. 16). Throwing a bat is taught in two ways. One of them is done with the hand with a bat bent at the elbow, raised high, the other - with a straight hand, pulled to the side - back. The child is taught both methods, and during the game he uses any of them.

To play, children are divided into two groups of three people each; at the beginning of the game, the bits lie at the stake line, and the players are also there; From the towns, figures are laid out on the platforms one by one. When one figure is knocked out, you can lay out the next one. One town is knocked out from the kon line, then the players move to the half-kon line, from where they knock out the remaining towns and figures. The link that knocks out five pieces first wins. In this case, the correctness of the posture is taken into account, swipe(strike at will either from the shoulder or backhand). Towns and bats can only be brought from the outside of the site, so as not to get hit by another link. Classes are conducted with groups of children and individually.

Skittles (German: Kegel) is a sports game, the goal of which is to knock down fewer balls with your hands, larger number pins installed on the court in a certain order. In a preschool institution, children should have skittles, skittles, croquet, serso, and badminton at their constant disposal.

Outdoor games with elements of sports games require special preparation of the child’s body to carry them out. To do this, in kindergarten it is necessary to use only those games that will give children the opportunity to quickly master the elements of sports games. To this end, the greatest attention should be paid to ball games. In these games, children will master the skills of catching, throwing, and throwing. Observations and studies have led to the conclusion that ball games are an excellent means of physical and neuropsychic development. Medical and pedagogical control shows that with fast movements with the ball, all physiological processes occur more intensely. Playing with a ball plays a particularly important role in developing reaction speed, agility, mobility, etc. Children should be taught games with elements of sports games gradually, moving from simple to complex. Training should begin with learning common techniques that are similar to a number of games. When learning the basic techniques of sports games, the most popular games are playing gorodki, as well as ball games such as basketball, badminton, and tennis.

“The Sea Is Troubled” and others like them, when explaining, it is recommended to use a plot story. For example, during the day, butterflies, bugs, insects, animals move: they fly, jump, crawl. Night comes and all the animals fall asleep in the sleep that night found them. In the game “Make a Figure” you are asked to come up with individual and collective figures based on the following plots: “Athletes”, “Sculptor”, “Menagerie”, etc. with and without objects. Wherein important place

is dedicated to encouraging children who came up with an unusual figure and performed it beautifully and imaginatively.

The better use of children's motor experience (when teaching physical exercises) is facilitated by the formation of a creative orientation in children's activities when teaching physical exercises in outdoor games.

Psychocorrectional effects physical exercise is carried out using a variety of games with the ball (for different positions of the arms, torso, head when hitting the ball), finger and oculomotor gymnastics included in physical exercises.

The beauty of movement is manifested in perfect physical control, which allows the body to dominate space and time. By playing, the child satisfies the natural need for movement. It is known that when the need is satisfied, the free power of imagination can develop. F. Schiller rightly wrote: “The reality of things is their business, the appearance of things is the business of man, and the spirit that enjoys appearances no longer rejoices in what it perceives, but in what it reproduces.”

Creative activity has the most important biological significance and is driving force self-development of each individual, the basis of it healthy image life.

Sports games occupy a special place in the system of outdoor games. IN preschool institutions

1. Only their elements are used, leading the child to more complex sports game actions during his further education at school.

2.5.9. Sports games for preschoolers

Elements of sports games play a major role in the comprehensive physical education of preschool children. They are selected taking into account the age, health status, individual inclinations and interests of the child. They use only some elements of sports game technology that are accessible and useful to preschool children. Based on these elements learned by children, games can be organized that are played according to simplified rules.

It is extremely important to take into account the developmental role of joy, strong emotions, and undying interest in the results of the game. A child’s passion for play enhances the physiological state of the body.

Sports exercises replenish and enrich the vocabulary with words such as “racket”, “shuttlecock”, “rack” (of a badminton player or tennis player), “towns”, “skittles”, “bat”, etc. Sports games relieve nervous tension and help free expression of emotions.

Badminton(ball with feathers) - a sports game with a shuttlecock and rackets. The goal of the game is to prevent the shuttlecock from falling on your court and land it on the opponent's side. Simplicity of the rules, the ability to play on any small area, lawn, beach, etc. making badminton a widely accessible game. After completing the game, the child is taught to hold the racket correctly: hold it in the right hand so that the end of the handle rests on the base of the palm, the thumb is slightly extended forward and rests on the handle of the racket.

A child practices hitting a shuttlecock.

With his left hand he throws the shuttlecock in front of him and hits it upward with the racket, not allowing it to fall (see Fig. 13).

Before teaching children this game directly, the teacher must prepare them according to the following indicators:

1) develop appropriate posture;

■ 2) develop physical qualities: impact force, reaction speed, etc.;

develop mobility of the hand, for this purpose give exercises that develop the fingers and joints of the hand;

develop the child’s ability to play ball;

develop detailed tasks that will ensure the development of throwing skills;

lead children to effectively master the game and its rules;