Balancing the heating system. Balancing the heating system in a private house: How to distribute heat throughout the rooms

Content

After the installation is completed, it is necessary to adjust the heating system or balance it. This allows you to identify, correct, eliminate inconsistencies in the operation of the boiler unit and other devices, ensuring high efficiency and heat transfer. Contrary to popular belief, not only the heating system of a large high-rise building, but also a small private house, up to a small-sized dacha building. Unbalance is the cause of improper heat distribution, when some rooms are very hot, while others are not warm enough. In this regard, it is recommended to carry out balancing before the start of each heating season.

Heating system balancing

What is the balancing of the heating system

In a situation where the last battery does not warm up enough, the method of increasing the power of the pump or the system as a whole is not effective. Balancing will help to correctly distribute the energy of the heat generator, taking into account the need for heat in each room.

Balancing heating system, first of all, is needed to adjust the shut-off and control valves, which is responsible for the intensity of the movement of the coolant through the pipeline. The presence of these devices facilitates the operation of the system, because the devices automatically maintain the specified parameters. But they are not able to perform balancing on their own and, moreover, they themselves need periodic checks.

The fittings consist of flow and pressure regulators, bypass and. They regulate the pressure, eliminating excessive drops (the cause of the failure of automation and thermostats). Also, with their help, system defects in local areas are determined and eliminated.

Balancing a two-pipe heating system in a private house

The main criterion for choosing shut-off and control valves is the composition of the heating system of private houses:

• In single-pipe systems, it is better to install manual balancing valves.
• In two-pipe, equipped with automatic thermostats - automatic type.

hydraulic balancing

Hydraulic adjustment (balancing) of the heating system of private houses solves two main problems:

• Increasing comfort by providing optimal temperature conditions.
• Reducing energy costs as a result of efficient use of resources.

In the course of work:

• Radiators are evaluated, heat losses through windows, doors, walls, ceilings are measured.
• The balancing valve is selected, installed (changed), adjusted.

Hydraulic balancing - a heating system optimization method

It is important to debug the system before starting balancing. For this purpose, all taps and valves installed on the pipeline and near the heating devices are opened, a test run of the heating system is carried out. So you make sure that the heating equipment ( circulation pump, batteries) is OK or the filters need to be cleaned. Then it is performed - deaerated water is poured and heated to operating temperature. When air pockets appear, air is removed.

Methods and procedure for balancing

There are two main methods to balance heaters:

• Simple. It is also the most labor intensive. During the adjustment of the position of the balancing valves, their readings are repeatedly measured.
• Complicated. It is distinguished by reliability, as it involves breaking down the system into modules (individual heating devices or a group of them). Each module is equipped with a balancing valve to ensure its autonomy. general power heating system is taken as 100%, and the readings separate parts converted into shares (20%, 40%, and so on). Further, each module is regulated separately until the indicator corresponds to the desired value.

Measuring the balancing valve

It is also convenient in terms of operation, when, if necessary, the temperature regime can be easily changed. The number of balancing valves can be increased gradually, starting with one device in the area of ​​the circulation pump.

Balancing Tools

These include a balancing valve and special device for measurements.

Balancing valve - variety stop valves to adjust the hydraulic resistance in heating systems. The device solves the problem by changing the diameter of the pipe section.

Modern Y-type models are characterized by the possibility of presetting, which limits the flow rate marked on the dial with a scale. The design provides for the presence of two nipples for measuring pressure, temperature, coolant flow rate drop. The name is due to the shape of the case, where the cones are placed at an optimal angle to each other. This minimizes the influence of the coolant flow on the measurements, and increases the accuracy of the adjustment.

When to Install:

• The maximum load on the system does not provide a comfortable temperature.
• With a constant load in the room, significant temperature differences are observed.
• The normal heating power cannot be reached.

The advantages of installing this device are as follows:

• Reduced fuel consumption and heating costs.
• Increasing the efficiency of using the heating system and increasing comfort due to the ability to control the air temperature in each individual room.
• Makes it easier to start.

Modern balancing crane

Installing a balancing valve involves the use of special fittings and adapters. It is important to pay attention to the presence of an arrow stamped on the body of the device and its direction. Some devices are mounted strictly in a certain direction of water circulation. Violating this manufacturer's recommendation, you will cause valve failure and system failure. Upon completion of installation, measurements should be taken to determine the level of adjustment.

It is possible to measure the pressure and temperature drops, as well as the flow rate of the coolant at the balancing valve, using a special device.

The multifunctional computer device is equipped with accurate sensors, and in addition to the measurement function, it is able to eliminate detected errors and carry out balancing. This device greatly simplifies and speeds up the process of fine-tuning the heating system.

Manufacturers modern devices it is possible to connect them to a computer. Installing a special program allows you to transfer data to a PC for further work with them.

It is important not only to buy modern equipment, but also to know how to use it. Otherwise, the setup process will be inefficient, which will lead to incorrect operation of the heating, lack of a comfortable microclimate, excessive consumption of thermal and electrical energy.

Methodology:

• With the help of partner valves, the hydraulic system is divided into modules.
• Next, all parts are balanced, starting from risers and collectors, ending with heating points. In this way, it is possible to achieve the design flow rates of all modules and valves with minimal pressure losses on the devices themselves.
• After balancing, the pump switches to the power that provides the calculated rate of water circulation in the system. This will allow you to adjust the flow on the main module located at the pump.

The result of adjusting the balancing valves is the received data on what values ​​are needed and achieved. This information allows you to check the quality of the work performed and is its guarantee.

Controller with temperature control sensor for heating balancing

As a result of properly performed balancing, the injection equipment begins to consume a minimum of electricity, and the consumption of thermal energy is carried out rationally.

Another problem that one has to face in the absence of special devices is the inability to determine the quality of the heat supply when it is in operation. Y-type balancing valves with measuring nipples have a system self-diagnostic function, which is as follows:

• Fault detection while the heating system continues to operate.
• Examination technical condition and operating parameters of the equipment.
• Making decisions when troubleshooting.

Thus, the search for errors and their quick elimination is performed.

findings

Technological progress and improvement of heat engineering have made it possible for owners of private houses to check and set up the heating system correctly, and to receive information about errors in a timely manner.

Modern appliances for heating balancing

Regular balancing of the heating system - required condition her normal operation. This allows you to ensure uniform heating of the building, while maintaining the set temperature in each room.

The correct functioning of the system is easy to control and regulate using a balancing valve.

With balanced heating operation, you can not worry about the durability of valves and pipelines, the economy and efficiency of the boiler and other devices.

Properly selected balancing equipment allows you to minimize the risk of a complete replacement of heating (in the case of an old system), saving material resources.

Comprehensive solution of issues in housing and communal services

Balancing of risers of the heating system - hydraulic adjustment of the differential pressure and control valves in order to ensure uniform distribution of heat over the heating devices.

If your apartment is cold and your neighbor's is hot, then the heating system in your house is not balanced. Insufficient circulation of the coolant through the batteries leads to a decrease in the temperature in the room, and too high flow water - to excessive overheating and the appearance of noise in the radiators.

Signs of imbalance in the heating system of a multi-storey building:

• The temperature in one part of the apartment building is too high, and in another part it is too low.
• Apartments with high temperature - throw off excess heat on the street.
• Apartments with low temperature - turn on electric heaters.
• It's cold in the house
• Cold batteries
• Poor circulation in the heating system
• Stuffiness in the room
• Overpayment for heating

Why balance the heating system in MKD?

• Get rid of drafts due to overheating of the room
• Aligning the temperature of the rooms in the building will allow automation to carry out better regulation.
• Residents' complaints about underheating and stuffiness in apartments will become a thing of the past.
• Set on the floors, the same temperature value on all radiators.

How is the balancing of the heating system of an apartment building carried out?

We audit the heating system with subsequent restoration of heat supply parameters.

One of the main problems in balancing is the lack of exact costs for risers, only data on the total consumption for the entire apartment building is known. Because the houses were built a long time ago, the fact of the replacement of heating radiators by the residents and the introduction of significant changes in the heat supply scheme of the MKD is not excluded, which affects the consumption.

The result of balancing should be the temperature of one value at the control points. The control points should be the return pipeline of each riser. By the temperature of the return riser, you can understand what the temperature of the battery is at the last consumer.

expose required flow for each heating riser, so that the temperature of the return heat carrier lies in the range of +/-2 C.

The temperature on the radiators is different as a result

• Slow circulation of the coolant through the riser.
• Large heat removal from heat exchangers.

Reasons affecting the slowdown in circulation in the riser of the heating system:

• Changing the diameter of the pipe on the riser to a smaller value (narrowing the diameter of the pipeline). Installation of polypropylene (PP) and metal-plastic pipes instead of a metal pipe.
• Application pipe fittings with high hydraulic resistance. Metal-plastic pipe fittings have large ratio hydraulic resistance due to the small internal diameter.
• Dismantled battery bypass. After dismantling the bypass, the calculated total diameter decreases (water flows not through two pipes, but through one), and the hydraulic resistance of the pipeline section increases accordingly.

Reasons for increased heat removal by heat exchangers:

• Connecting non-standard heat exchange equipment. The use of heat carrier for underfloor heating.
• Increase in the number of heat exchange equipment. Mounting additional radiators and an increase in the number of battery sections. Installation of heaters in rooms that are not designed by the project, for heating from the general house heat supply system - balconies and loggias.

Why do batteries get cold?

There are two heating schemes - one-pipe and two-pipe.

Two-pipe heating system.

Feature - the presence of two pipeline branches (supply and return). For the operation of such a scheme, two pipelines are required - a supply pipeline and a return pipeline. Both pipelines are connected to a heating radiator. Through the supply pipe hot coolant enters the battery, the cooled water returns to the heating system through the return pipe.

Unlike a single-pipe scheme, heat is supplied to all heating radiators with the same temperature, without losing the characteristics of the coolant on the last batteries along the branch.

Single pipe heating system.

Feature - the temperature on the radiators located closer to the supply pipeline is higher than that of the radiators located at the end of the heating riser. However, this effect is offset by the number of radiator sections. Radiators that are closer to the supply - there are fewer sections. Radiators that are closer to the return - more sections.

In a single-pipe scheme, the coolant is supplied through a heating riser located vertically between two heat supply pipelines (beds) (supply and return). Piping beds are usually located in the attic and basement of the building. Heating radiators are connected in series to the riser pipe.

The coolant flowing from the supply pipeline to the return pipeline gradually loses its original operating temperature.

In houses of early construction, such a heating scheme is usually used. Previously, builders were very happy with this, because. the scheme uses only one pipeline, the installation of the riser is easy to perform, saving on material consumption (there are no additional fittings, pipes, benches, jumpers and return risers) and easy maintenance.

feature single pipe system in apartment buildings, is the presence of a bypass. After dismantling the bypass, the coolant circulates only through the heating radiator. In the event of shut-off valves (faucet) on the battery being blocked, the circulation of the coolant will stop, and the entire heating riser will stop.- The heating radiators of the rest of the residents will cool down

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After installation of a water heating system or after flushing and replacing the coolant, its adjustment, in technical terms, balancing, is required. This procedure must also be performed if the radiators have changed or additional sections have been added to them. For those homeowners who wish to deal with this issue on their own, this article is devoted. Its purpose is to suggest how the heating system is balanced in a private house.

Why do balancing?

Any heating system, regardless of its type, must ensure the delivery of the calculated volume of coolant to the batteries, so that they, in turn, can normally heat the room. Moreover, each radiator should receive exactly this much hot water, how much do you need. Nothing less, and preferably no more. However, everyone knows that large quantity Water will always take the path of least resistance.

That is, if the hydraulic balancing of the heating system is not done, then most of the heat will fall into the batteries closest to the boiler, and the farthest receive practically nothing. Some rooms are hot, others cold. At the same time, the boiler does not operate in an economical and gentle mode, but at the maximum. The figure below clearly shows the picture of heat distribution throughout the system in two versions: unbalanced and configured as expected:

So, hydraulic balancing is necessary for:

• uniform heating of all heating devices;
• boiler operation in normal mode and energy savings;
• to avoid the noise of large volumes of water flowing through nearby batteries at high speed.

Note. Small two-pipe systems for 4-6 devices do not need special adjustment, mounted with a preliminary hydraulic calculation and well-defined pipe diameters.

Balancing Methods

The setup procedure at home can be done in two ways:

• according to the calculated flow rate of the coolant using an electronic flow meter;
• approximate temperature balance.

The first method is the most accurate and assumes the availability of a project and hydraulic calculation of the system, indicating the water flow in each section of the pipeline. Without this, fine tuning of the system is not possible. In extreme cases, the calculation can be done independently or contact a specialist in this field. The second component of the control valve installed on each branch or riser. And the third is a special electronic device for balancing, connected to the corresponding armature.

Attention! Full bore ball valves are not control valves, they are designed to completely cut off or open the path to the coolant. The same applies to thermostatic radiator valves, whose task is to quantitatively regulate the heat supplied to the radiator depending on the air temperature in the room.

The essence of the method is to use the device to determine real consumption coolant on each branch or riser of the system. To do this, a balancing valve with fittings for connecting the electronic unit must be installed on the branch of the return line. Having on hand a diagram with the indicated flow rates for each branch, it remains only to connect the device to the valve fittings and adjust the required flow rate by turning the spindle. In this way, the balancing of the heating system of a multi-storey building is also performed.

Note. Now on sale there are balance valves with a flow meter bulb that allow you to make a rough adjustment without an instrument.

When everything is designed and calculated correctly, then all batteries located on an adjusted riser or branch will receive right amount heat. It is not customary to set up each heater in this way, especially if it is equipped with a thermostat.

Temperature setting

Very often the homeowner has no project documentation, and the system was invented and assembled by a talented welder Uncle Vanya. Then it remains only to regulate each battery in temperature.

To balance the heating system with your own hands, you need to install a special valve at the outlet of each radiator, such as shown in the photo. Additionally you will need Digital Thermometer, which measures the temperature on any surface.

For reference. You can balance the system in the old way, using washers. But the through hole in the washer still needs to be calculated according to the estimated flow rate of the coolant.

The process begins with the fact that the valve on the farthest and most powerful heater opens completely. The rest open at a certain number of revolutions. For example, if there are 6 batteries on one branch, and the valve is unscrewed by 5 turns, then we make 1 turn on the first radiator, two on the second, and so on, we open the last one to the end. Approximate balancing of the two-pipe heating system of a private house is to ensure that the temperature at the outlets of all heaters is the same.

To do this, it is necessary to measure the temperature of the metal body of the valve. When it is high, then cover it a little, if it is low, open it. The next measurement should be done after 10 minutes, so that the temperature after the change has time to stabilize.

Conclusion

Realizing that the vast majority of homeowners will use temperature control, we want to warn you that the presence of balance valves instead of ball valves is a must. In addition, you will have to spend a lot of time until you can align all the radiators. But then balancing the risers and branches is not needed.

Ecology of consumption. Manor: Heating systems of almost all configurations require balancing, the only exception is the wiring along the Tichelman loop. We will consider three possible ways carry out balancing, talk about the advantages, disadvantages and relevance of each of the methods, give practical recommendations.

What is the meaning of balancing

Hydraulic heating systems are rightfully considered the most complex. Them effective work possible only under the condition deep understanding physical processes hidden from visual observation. Collaboration of all devices should ensure the absorption of the maximum amount of heat by the coolant and its uniform distribution over all heating devices of each circuit.

The mode of operation of each hydraulic system is based on the relationship of two inversely proportional quantities: hydraulic resistance and throughput. It is they who determine the flow rate of the coolant in each node and part of the system, and therefore the amount of thermal energy supplied to the radiators. In the general case, the flow calculation for each individual radiator reflects a high degree of unevenness: the farther the heater is from thermal unit, the higher the influence of the hydrodynamic resistance of pipes and branches, respectively, the coolant circulates at a lower speed.

The task of balancing the heating system is to ensure that the flow in each part of the system will have approximately the same intensity even with temporary changes in operating modes. Careful balancing allows you to achieve a state where the individual adjustment of thermostatic heads does not significantly affect other elements of the system. At the same time, the very possibility of balancing should be provided for even at the design and installation stage, because both special fittings and technical data for the boiler room equipment are needed to set up the system. In particular, it is mandatory to install shut-off valves on each radiator, commonly called chokes.

Features of working with different types of wiring

Single-pipe heating systems lend themselves to balancing adjustment most simply. This is due to the fact that the total flow through the radiator and the connecting bypass is always the same and does not depend on the capacity of the installed valves. Therefore, in Leningradka-type systems, work is carried out not so much on balancing the flow, but on the equation for the amount of heat released by the coolant in the radiators. Simply put, the main goal of balancing in this case is to ensure that the most distant radiator receives water at a sufficiently high temperature.

In two-pipe dead-end systems, a slightly different principle applies. Each radiator of the system is a kind of shunt, the hydraulic resistance of which is lower than that of the rest of the group, located further in the direction of the flow. Because of this, a significant part of the coolant flows through the shunt back to the thermal node, while the circulation further through the system has a much lower intensity. In such heating systems, it is necessary to work precisely on the alignment of the flow in each radiator by changing the throughput of the fittings.

Two-pipe associated heating systems do not require balancing at all, but at the same time they have a relatively high material consumption. This is the beauty of the Tichelman loop: the path that the coolant passes in the circuit of each radiator is approximately the same, due to which the equivalence of the flow at each point of the system is automatically maintained. The situation is similar with radiant heating systems and a water-heated floor: the flow is aligned on a common collector using float meters.

Computational modeling

most constructive and correct method adjustment - by building a calculation model of the hydraulic heating system. This can be done in such software like Danfoss CO and Valtec.PRG, or paid products like AutoSnab 3D. You should not be afraid of paid software: as you will see later, its cost cannot be compared with the costs of special automatic balancing devices, while the design design of the hydraulic system will provide a complete picture of the system, its modes of operation and physical processes occurring at each point.

Balancing with the help of software calculations is carried out by building an exact virtual copy of the heating system. In different working environments, the simulation mechanism proceeds with some differences, however, all programs of this kind have a friendly and user-friendly interface. It is very important that the construction is carried out really accurately: with an indication of each fitting, fitting, turns and branches that are present in the real system. Here are the initial data required:

• passport data of the boiler: power, efficiency, pressure-flow chart, operating pressure.
• information about the circulation pump: flow rate and pressure;
• type of coolant;
• material and conditional passage of pipes, the temperature of their environment;
• technical information about all shut-off and control valves, coefficients of local resistance (KMR) of each element;
• passport data for shut-off valves, the dependence of their capacity on the pressure drop and the degree of opening.

After building the system model, all the work comes down to ensuring that the coolant flow rate on each radiator is equal. To do this, artificially lower throughput shut-off valves on those radiators and circuits where there is a significant increase in flow compared to the rest. When virtual balancing is done, Kvs - throughput coefficients - are written out for each radiator. Using a table or graph from the valve passport, the required number of turns of the adjusting rod is determined, after which these data are used to balance the real system in kind.

Empirical way

Of course, you can adjust the heating system with up to ten radiators without preliminary calculation. However, this method is quite laborious and takes a lot of time. Among other things, with such balancing, it is not possible to provide for a change in flow during the operation of thermostatic heads, which greatly reduces the accuracy of balancing.

The manual balancing algorithm is simple, first you need to shut off absolutely all the radiators in the system. This is done in order to equalize as closely as possible the temperature of the coolant at the inlet and outlet of the thermal unit. This whole process takes about an hour, while it is necessary to set the circulation pump to maximum speed and make sure that there are no air pockets in the system.

The next step is full opening shut-off valve on the most distant radiator (often this valve is not installed at all on the last radiator). After 10–15 minutes, the heating temperature of the extreme radiator is measured; it will be used as a reference during further balancing.

Next, you need to slightly open the shut-off valve on the penultimate radiator. The degree of opening should be such that heating occurs up to the reference temperature and at the same time the heating temperature on the last radiator does not decrease. The edge is very thin, and the work is greatly complicated by the inertia of the radiators: after each change in the position of the valve stem by aluminum radiator it is necessary to wait at least 15 minutes, on cast iron - about 30-40 minutes. This is the whole point of manual balancing: moving from the most remote radiator to the very first in the chain, it is necessary to reduce the throughput, ensuring that the same temperature is maintained on each heating device. The adjustment should be carried out very subtly and accurately, because a sharp increase in the flow in the middle of the circuit will lead to a drop in temperature in its remote part, so it will take another 15–20 minutes to return the system to its original state.

Debugging in automatic mode

There is a certain middle ground between the two methods described above. Special equipment for automatic balancing hydraulic systems heating allows you to adjust with very high accuracy and in sufficient short time. At the moment the main technical solution for such purposes, the “smart” pump Grundfos ALPHA 3, equipped with a removable transmitter, is considered, as well as a proprietary application for mobile devices. average price a set of equipment is about $300.

What is the essence of the idea? The pump has a built-in flow meter and can communicate with a smartphone or tablet, where all information is processed. The application works as a guide: it guides the user step by step and indicates what manipulations need to be carried out on different parts heating systems. At the same time, the application database stores private rooms with the specified number of heaters, it is possible to choose different types radiators, indicate their power, required heating rates and other data.

The process is extremely simple and fully demonstrates the algorithm of the program. After pairing with the transmitter and preparing for operation, all radiators are disconnected from the system, this is necessary for measuring zero flow. After that, the shut-off valves on each radiator alternately open fully. At the same time, the flow meter in the pump notes changes in the flow and determines the maximum throughput of each heater. After all radiators are entered into the database of the program, they are individually adjusted.

The setting of the shut-off valve on the radiators takes place in real time. The application has a sound indication for the ability to work in hard-to-reach places. Balancing requires fine tuning of the shut-off rod to such a position that the current flow in the system equals the value recommended by the program. Upon completion of work with each radiator, the application generates a report that includes all the heating devices of the system and the coolant consumption in them. After balancing, the ALPHA 3 pump can be removed and replaced with another one with similar performance parameters. published

If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to specialists and readers of our project.

The energy saving of the heating system (fuel consumption) depends on the correct hydraulic balancing of the two-pipe heating system (hereinafter CO). And often even the very possibility for the heating system to somehow function. (All pictures enlarge when you click on them).

Two-pipe CO is designed so that a given amount per unit time must flow through each heating device (hereinafter referred to as OP). No more and no less. Surely, you have ever watered the garden with a hose. And they tried to divide the jet into two parts with a finger. So, if you have twenty OPs installed, then for a two-pipe CO you need to “divide the stream” into “twenty streams of different strength”, each of which should carry its own different amount. In fact, it is not as difficult to do as it seems at first glance.

In order to be able to carry out hydraulic balancing of the system, fittings must be installed on the heating devices (hereinafter referred to as OP) that allow this to be done. This is done by a balancing and shut-off valve installed at the outlet (return) from the OP. Or a thermostatic valve with a “pre-setting” installed at the inlet (supply) to the OP. The installation of a thermostatic valve with "pre-setting" makes the use of a balancing valve on the return flow of the HP not mandatory. Since the thermostatic valve with “presetting” is both an ordinary thermal valve and a balancing valve “in one bottle”. Those. when using a thermal valve with a “preset” on the OP return, you can use a conventional ball valve or, more aesthetically, a shut-off valve. Or, do not install any of the fittings on the return line of the OP for reasons of economy.

Thermostatic valves (thermo valves).

They are made only for manual adjustment of the heat transfer of the OP, and there are with the possibility of installing a thermoelement (hereinafter referred to as the thermal head). Examples of thermostatic valves with pre-settings. Instead of the red manual adjustment cap, you can install a thermal head (thermoelement):

Under the red caps there is a presetting scale for the thermal valve.

At the inlet (supply) to the OP, a thermostatic valve (hereinafter referred to as the thermal valve) is installed for manual or automatic adjustment heat transfer power of the OP (temperature control in a particular room).

The thermal valve without “presetting” on the supply of OP serves only for comfort, but not for the hydraulic balancing of CO.

Examples of thermostatic valves without presets. Instead of the blue-red manual adjustment cap, you can install a thermal head (thermocouple):

There is an option to save money on the purchase of thermal valves with presets by purchasing thermal valves without presets. After all, thermal valves with presets are significantly more expensive than without presets. This can be done by calculating and installing throttle washers, either on the supply or on the return line of the OP. Their local resistance is calculated in such a way as to obtain the design mass flow. Those. they will act as presets. Washers can be made from coins by placing them in internal thread fittings or when using steel pipes drill a hole in the lines of the calculated diameter (calculated in the hydraulic project). This is what "throttle washers" look like in high-rise building in two-pipe system.

Balancing shut-off valve (balancing shut-off valve).

A balancing and shut-off valve is installed at the outlet (return) from the OP, if a thermal valve is not installed at the supply to the OP, or a thermal valve without “presettings” is installed.

Examples of balancing and shut-off valves (valves). Under the removable hexagonal metal cap, there is an adjusting brass spindle. Adjustable by the number of full revolutions from the closed state:

In order to do the CO hydrobalancing ideally correctly, it will first be necessary to perform the hydraulic design of the CO. Even before the installation of CO. Then, after the installation of the system, before starting the heating system, each thermal valve and / or shut-off and balancing valve on the heater (hereinafter referred to as OP) is simply installed in the position calculated in the project. Instead of a balancing shut-off valve, you can insert into the internal thread of the shut-off ball valve throttle washer made from a coin (with a calculated hole diameter). Then the system immediately after switching on will already be correctly hydraulically balanced.

But, if you do not have a project for a heating system, then you will have to limit yourself to an approximate hydrobalancing of CO. To do this, you need a digital multimeter with a contact temperature sensor (you can use the most inexpensive Chinese one). put on right hand for accuracy of measurements (and not to burn) two HB gloves at once. And pressing the temperature sensor to the output fittings of the OP (return), in this way measure the temperature on the return lines of all your OPs. When measuring the temperature on the return pipes of the OP, it is necessary to achieve that the temperature differs from each other within + -1 degree. Perform balancing in the position of fully open radiator valves (with the thermal heads turned to the maximum temperature).

Initially set the balancing valves to the most open position on the most powerful and farthest OPs. For example, if the spindle in the balancing valve is unscrewed by five turns, then if there are five identical OPs on the circuit, then set 1 on the one closest to the boiler, 5 on the farthest. It will be even more accurate if you can calculate the proportion for the starting position depending on the power OP. The more powerful the OP, the more it needs a duct.

For those HSs where the return temperature is higher than for other HSs, the flow must be reduced. By screwing the adjusting spindle in the balancing and shut-off valves. Or by decreasing the presetting value on thermal valves with presettings, guided by the scale.

For the same EP, in which the return temperature is lower than on other OP, it is necessary to increase the flow. By unscrewing the spindle or by increasing the presetting value on thermostatic valves with presettings.

In a two-pipe system (also in a collector-beam system) of heating, cooling in the OP is set by the design of the heating system and is usually 8-20 degrees. On average - usually degrees 10-15. Your task during hydraulic balancing is, for example, at a supply temperature from the boiler of +75 degrees, to ensure that the return temperature of the OP is, for example, +62 degrees. For good economy of your CO based on a wall gas boiler, CO should usually operate in a thermal regime of 80/60 degrees for non-condensing (boiler flow / return). Also, if possible, when balancing, it is desirable to turn off the modulation of the boiler power so that the boiler works with a constant power during the balancing of the system.

The upper temperature limit is limited by the wall (usually not higher than +84) and the material of the pipes used. lower limit limited, for example, not lower than +58 degrees, by how much acidic condensate formed (at a lower boiler return temperature) can harm your boiler (corrosion resistance of the material from which the boiler heat exchanger is made). If your boiler is a condensing boiler, then acid condensate will not harm the boiler. On the contrary, lower temperature and increased condensate formation in the condenser will save you gas consumption. You can read about gas savings, and in particular about gas savings with condensing boilers, at the link -

After each change of settings, wait a few minutes for the temperature to change on the OH return. You will have to spend a sufficient amount of time on hydrobalancing and run around, since each change made to the balancing valve setting affects the rest heating appliances. Therefore, the presence of hydraulic calculation would greatly facilitate this task ...

Naturally, with such a purely approximate hydraulic setting, it will not be possible to obtain maximum savings gas. But without a heating project, it is impossible to make the system as economical as possible ...

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