Boiler plant safety automation. The principle of operation of a typical circuit

ABU-1 automation kit for a training fire-tube boiler of the “Turboterm” type

Pump control cabinet

Touch panel for indication of operating parameters of a fire-tube boiler of the “Turboterm” type

Frequency control cabinet network pumps boiler room

Control panel and emergency interlocks for a fire-tube boiler of the “Turboterm” type

“Reckless people don’t even stay long in the toilets.” Gennady Malkin

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TOR ON THE THEME "AUTOMATIC SAFETY OF BOILERS AND REGULATION"

Test "Automatic boiler safety and regulation" to test the knowledge of the operators of the gas boiler. The main element of the boiler safety automation circuit is the gas cut-off valve. Urgently check your professional competence and demand in the labor market!

KNOWLEDGE ASSESSMENT TEST QUESTIONS

1. Choose the correct answer from those offered. The gas cut-off valve in the automatic safety circuit of a hot water boiler is used for:

a) regulation of the pressure of the gas entering the boiler;

b) regulation of the flow of gas entering the boiler;

c) automatic shutdown of gas supply to the boiler when any parameter involved in the boiler safety automatics circuit is exceeded.

2. Choose the correct answer from those offered. The delay in the operation of the gas shut-off valve in the safety automation circuit for reducing the air pressure in front of the burner:

3. Choose the correct answer from those offered. Common sensors in safety and control automation circuits are as follows:

a) only a sensor for water temperature after the boiler; b) water temperature sensor after the boiler and gas and air pressure sensors before the burner; c) there are no common sensors for safety automatics and boiler control circuits.

4. Choose the correct answer from those offered. Technical pressure gauge measures pressure:

a) atmospheric; b) excess; c) absolute; d) vacuum gauge.

5. Choose the correct answer from those offered. Checking the serviceability of the pressure gauge is carried out:

a) each shift, by setting the pressure gauge to zero, by the boiler room operator; b) once every six months by the instrumentation and automation service; c) once a year by the Lord.

Liquid manometers

6. Choose the correct answer from those offered. Pressure measurement accuracy liquid manometer above y: (P is the measured pressure; h is the difference in liquid levels; h 1 is the change in the liquid level in the tube; h 2 is the change in the liquid level in the vessel).

a) U- figurative manometer; b) cup; c) micromanometer.

7. Choose the correct answer from those offered. The delay in the operation of the gas shut-off valve in the safety automation circuit for extinguishing the burner torch:

a) is allowed and this should be reflected in production instruction; b) is not allowed.

8. Choose the correct answer from those offered. Hot water operation gas boiler with a broken system automatic regulation:

a) not allowed; b) is allowed.

9. Choose the correct answer from the options provided. At this position three-way valve pressure gauge is performed:

Boiler pressure gauge with three-way cock

a) blowing out the siphon tube; b) checking the working pressure gauge against the control pressure gauge; c) measurement of working pressure; d) checking the pressure gauge by setting it to zero; e) accumulation of condensate in the siphon tube (if steam parameters are measured).

QUESTIONS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF SKILLS AND SKILLS

10. Complete. Automatic regulation of hot water boilers includes:

Dear friend! The answers to this test can be found in the Boiler Operator Test Kit or in study guide Boiler operator. These information materials are paid. It is advisable to have them in your personal library. Questions and recommendations can be left on. See you!

Sincerely, Grigory Volodin

A mandatory component of the boiler room is safety and regulation automation. Our company provides professional installation and maintenance of automatic systems. Extinguishing the burner with any deviations in the system creates the risk of gas leakage and explosion. To avoid this, it is necessary automatic system ignition, which will start the burner or cut off the gas supply. Installing reliable automation is a task for professionals. Order this responsible work to experienced employees by contacting us.

Installation of automatic boiler room equipment

Safety and regulation automation is necessary in the boiler room where gas appliances are installed. It prevents dangerous situations arising from the following reasons:

• Reducing the gas pressure in the network and stopping the supply. The burner goes out, when the supply is resumed, the gas enters the atmosphere of the boiler room, followed by ignition. Safety automatics will turn off the supply and prevent a fire.
• Lack of traction. In case of malfunctions of the boiler automatic device will cut off the fuel supply and give an error message to the personnel.
• Extinction of the burner for other reasons. Thanks to automatic control, accidents will not lead to a dangerous situation.
• Overheating of the coolant in the boiler to high temperatures. When the temperature rises to 95 degrees, the regulation process starts, which equalizes it to acceptable values.

The basis of the security system is sensors that determine the deviation of parameters beyond acceptable limits. Sensors monitor the pressure of gas, air, steam, the presence of a flame, rarefaction in the furnace and other parameters. The control unit includes a thermostat and diaphragm valve, with which the operating parameters are aligned. The temperature regulator guarantees maintenance of working temperature of the heat carrier with an accuracy of 2 degrees.
The control system ensures stable operation of gas equipment and prevents any emergency situations. Its setting is required condition safe operation of gas equipment. Design and installation can be carried out by certified employees who have undergone specialized training. We offer professional services: employees will select everything you need to create effective system regulation of heating equipment.

Why is it beneficial to contact us?

The company's staff has experience in equipping boiler rooms in residential buildings and industrial enterprises. We will find the right solution for any given task. High-quality equipment with proven equipment guarantees the timely response of tracking devices to a dangerous signal and the prevention of an emergency situation.
We offer a range of services: selection of equipment, professional installation, adjustment, subsequent maintenance with performance monitoring. Automatic equipment is individually selected for each object. We guarantee that we will take into account the maximum wishes.
The complex of services is offered at attractive prices. Experience allows you to find profitable solutions for each client. To view the proposed rates and discuss the terms of the contract, call us. Be sure that after the conclusion of the contract, the employees will soon cope with the task. Take advantage of this offer today to get desired result at a reasonable cost!

Technological processes occurring in the boiler unit during its operation are characterized by a number of interrelated parameters. A change in one of them, for example, steam flow, should be reflected in all other parameters: steam pressure, the amount of fuel supplied to the furnace, the amount of air supplied and exhausted flue gases, flow feed water.

Automation of boiler houses provides for the implementation of automatic regulation of the production process, automatic thermal control, remote control and signaling of deviations from the normal operating mode. Automation of boiler plants can be partial, in which automation is carried out certain types equipment, or comprehensive, in which the operation of the boiler plant occurs without permanent staff.

The main task of automating a boiler plant is to regulate:

supply of air and fuel, depending on the load of the boilers, provided that the steam pressure is maintained constant in steam boilers or water temperature hot water boilers; traction;

steam boiler supply; steam superheat temperature.

Automatic regulation of the supply of air and fuel depending on the load of the boiler, maintaining the steam pressure (or water temperature) within the specified limits and regulating the draft (vacuum in the furnace) is called combustion process automation.

AT boiler feed automation includes regulating the supply of feed water to the boiler depending on the load and maintaining a constant water level in the boiler drum.

The automatic control system consists of a regulated object and an automatic controller interacting with it. The boiler is subject to regulation.

The main links of the automatic control system, in addition to the object of regulation and the automatic regulator, are:

• - a sensitive element that reacts to the deviation of the controlled parameter;
• - setting device - a mechanism for manual and automatic setting of the set value or a programming device;
• - converter - an executive body that converts the signal of the sensitive element into electrical impulses that are convenient for amplification;
• - amplifier - a device for amplifying the signal due to an additional source of energy;
• - actuator - a device that acts on the regulated object;
• - corrective devices, stabilize the regulation process by influencing the operation of regulators.

The automatic control system in some cases can be performed with direct-acting regulators, in which there is no converter and amplifier, and the sensitive elements act directly on executive bodies. In some cases, this system can be performed with direct-acting regulators, in which there is no converter and amplifier, and the sensitive elements act directly on the executive bodies.

According to the principle of operation, the systems for automatic control of the heat output of boiler houses are divided into combined and with disturbance control.

Disturbance control performs control functions. The hot water temperature at the outlet of the boiler is regulated depending on the outside air temperature, the change of which is a disturbing influence. The perturbation entering the controller input changes the control action (fuel consumption) so that it compensates for the effect of the change in the outdoor air temperature on the room temperature. Combined systems automatic control consist of combined systems of regulation and control. constant value of the controlled parameter is supported by the impact on the perturbation. In a system with disturbance action, the controller operates in advance, i.e. begins to act immediately after the disturbing influence until the moment of change of the regulated value. The latter is controlled, and the signal change is fed to the input of the controller. In addition, a master action is introduced, which depends on the perturbation.

There are systems with regulation by deviation, that is, the impact on the object of regulation depends on the change in the controlled parameter.

According to the type of regulation, automatic control systems are divided into continuous (proportional) and multi-position systems. In continuous control systems, when the disturbing action changes, the position of the regulating body changes smoothly. In multi-position systems, the regulating body always occupies one of the extreme positions.

Automatic control systems are direct (direct) and indirect action. In systems of direct action, the energy of the controlled environment is used. In systems of indirect action - the energy of an external source (electric, pneumatic, hydraulic).

The functional diagram of the combustion process control in steam boiler plants is shown in fig. 10.17. The steam pressure regulator receives an impulse from the pressure in the boiler drum and affects the amount of gas supplied to the furnace. The pressure regulator provides feedback.

The air regulator receives an impulse for air flow control and additional impulses for gas flow and from the pressure regulator.

The exhaust system that creates vacuum can be controlled depending on the vacuum in the furnace or with an additional impulse from the steam pressure regulator.

The power supply of steam boilers is regulated in the following way. In the steady state of the steam boiler, the weight flow

steam and feed water are equal and the water level in the boiler drum remains unchanged.

Rice. 10.17.

When the load of the boiler changes, an imbalance occurs. There is a need to regulate the power supply of the boiler. Most simple type the regulator used in this case is a single-pulse bar-power supply regulator

LOAD OF ENHANCED BOILERS (IMPULSE FROM THE LEVEL OF WATER IN

Rice. 10.18.

Single-pulse regulators can be used to power steam boilers with a large water volume and at loads that do not have sharp fluctuations.

Functional diagram of a single-pulse control of the water level in the steam drum

The boiler is shown in fig. 10.18. Impulse on

regulation from the water level in the cat-water supply drum la is perceived by the level controller, which

ryi affects the consumption of feed water.

For large boilers with a relatively small water volume, a single-pulse regulator cannot provide quality regulation with sudden changes in load, since in this case quite significant deviations of the level from the set value will be observed.

In this case, a two-pulse controller can be used, in which the regulating body is influenced by both the level deviation and the change in steam flow.

On fig. 10.19 shows a diagram of a two-pulse controller, in which the pulses from the level gauge / and the flow meter 2 through the governing body 3 (in which the impulses are summed) have an effect on the regulator.

Rice. 10.19.

steam boiler supply

In addition to regulating the combustion process and feeding the boiler, boiler rooms should be provided with security automation. For normal operation, provision must also be made for remote control, thermal control and signaling.

Security automation. If the normal operation of the boiler is disturbed due to a malfunction that can cause an accident, as well as in the event of an accident, the boiler must be immediately stopped.

The boiler safety automatics must provide alarm and protection (fuel cut-off) in the following cases:

• - changes in gas pressure above and below the allowable;
• - reducing fuel oil pressure below the permissible level;
• - reducing the rarefaction in the furnace below the permissible level;
• - extinction of the torch in the furnace;
• - reducing the air pressure at the inlet to the burner below the permissible value;
• - excess pressure in the drum above the allowable;
• - lowering the water level in the upper drum below the permissible level;
• - reduction of water flow through the water boiler below the permissible level;
• - lowering the water pressure in the hot water boiler path below the permissible level;
• - an increase in the water temperature at the outlet of the boiler to a value 20 °C below the saturation temperature corresponding to the operating water pressure in the outlet manifold.

Restart is carried out after the fault has been eliminated.

On fig. 10.20 shown circuit diagram automation of control and safety of water-heating boilers of the STAVAN and ZIOSAB brands of small heat output, operating under pressurization.

Rice. 10.20.

In this circuit, the safety thermostat 13a designed to protect the boiler from damage caused by boiler water overheating by 8-10 °C above the maximum operating temperature. When the safety thermostat is triggered, the power supply circuit is opened, the burner is turned off and the red signal light on the burner control panel lights up 12.

Working (adjusting) thermostat 136 is designed to set the desired water temperature at the outlet of the boiler. When the set water heating temperature is reached, the operating thermostat turns off the burner (the burner power supply circuit is opened). After the coolant cools down by 7-10 °C from the set value, the electric circuit closes and the automatic switch on burners.

Thrust sensor 14 installed on the boiler in a place where it will not be exposed to high temperature. Sensor 14 is connected to the electrical circuit of the photoresistor or ionization flame control electrode. When the vacuum sensor is triggered, there is a pulse to break the electrical circuit of the photoresistor or ionization electrode, and the burner is restarted only after the cause that caused the sensor to trigger is eliminated, and then pressing the button on the burner control panel 12.

When starting the burner on gaseous fuel, the automation works as follows.

When the power is turned on by the control 12 fan drive motor 7 starts 6 burners and signaling device (relay) required pressure air 8 and a signaling device (relay) of the required gas pressure. In the absence of the necessary air and gas pressure, further operation of the program mechanism stops on the control panel 12 the corresponding signal lamps light up.

Otherwise, after a preliminary purge of about 30 s, an electric arc is ignited between the electrode using the ignition transformer 9 10 and ground screw. Magnetic valves 4, installed on the supply gas pipeline open. Nozzle 5 the gas ignites. Burn time electric arc is approximately 3 s. If during this time the flame control electrode 11 flame detected, control panel software relay 12 turns off the arc and the torch continues to burn.

If the flame control electrode does not detect a flame within 3 seconds, or the torch goes out for one reason or another, the burner stops and the corresponding signal light on the control panel lights up.

Remote control. One of the main technical tasks in the automation of boiler plants is remote control of electric motors that drive pumps, fans, smoke exhausters and other machines, or working bodies (stop and control valves, valves, dampers, etc.). The start of electric motors of smoke exhausters, fans and other units must be carried out remotely from the boiler room or boiler unit.

System remote control consists of a power (main) circuit, a control circuit and a signal circuit.

Power system with electric drive consists of an electric drive, power line wires and working contacts of the control equipment, closing or opening the power circuit.

The control circuit consists of control equipment (contactors, relays, etc.), control line wires and buttons that close or break the control circuit.

The signal circuit consists of signal contacts, communication line wires and signaling devices. The alarm system is control and emergency.

The control signaling is used to transmit instructions about the state of normal operation and the nature of operations at the controlled point (this or that unit is working or turned off).

The alarm signaling gives a signal in case of a violation of the normal operating mode or an accident.

Control signals are usually carried out by lighting effects (light bulbs, LEDs).

For emergency signaling, a sound signal (siren, bell) is usually used together with an accompanying light signal.

Thermal control. The boiler unit is equipped with instrumentation necessary for its economical and trouble-free operation. Of the indicating instruments, those are installed that are necessary to monitor the technological parameters that determine the possibility of rationally conducting the production process during operation and during the starting mode of boiler units. Recording and summing (integrating) devices are selected based on the need to provide the ability to analyze the operation of the boiler plant and for economic accounting. Operational devices are placed on the shield of the boiler unit, and recording and integrating - on a separate non-operational shield.

Domestic heating appliances operating on liquefied or natural gas, do not require constant attention and control from the owners. This task is performed by automation for gas heating boilers.

Electronic and mechanical control units integrated into the heat generator regulate combustion and help maintain the required temperature in the heat carrier.

Automation works properly, accurately and reliably, increases the efficiency of heating equipment, contributes to the reasonable consumption of energy resources and makes the operation of the heating system simple, comfortable and absolutely safe.

The automatic system protects heating installations from overloads and activates emergency turn-off gas supply in case of sudden force majeure. Additionally, the technique regulates the level of combustion intensity and current fuel consumption, allowing owners to save money on space heating.

The automatic node has flexible settings and allows the owner to set the most convenient operating parameters for the equipment

According to the basic principle of operation and design features, automation for gas-powered equipment is divided into:

• devices with energy dependence;
• energy independent devices.

Systems of the first type are complex electronic units and for correct operation, which need an uninterrupted supply of electricians. The second types of devices are simplified mechanical structures that do not require energy supply.

View #1 - volatile products

Volatile module- This is a small electronic device that responds to the supply of a fuel resource. Turns on and off at the moment of activation or closing of the main gas cock. Is different complex design and large quantity elements and microcircuits.

Allows hosts to perform the following tasks:

• activation or termination of gas supply;
• starting the heating system in automatic mode;
• adjustment of the power level of the base burner (due to the presence of a thermostat);
• turning off the operating boiler both in emergency situations and within the user-defined mode;
• output of current indicators to the display ( general level air temperature in the room, the mark to which the working coolant is warmed up, etc.).

More "fancy" modules have additional functionality and offer users unlimited and most convenient conditions for monitoring the operation and controlling the unit. Electronic panels provide full protection of the heating equipment from malfunction and prevent the boiler from freezing.

If the temperature drops sharply in the room, the “smart” system itself starts the heating equipment and turns it off when the dwelling is filled with comfortable warm air.

The option of self-diagnosis, available for individual modules, prevents malfunctions and contributes to the timely detection of faulty parts and assemblies in the system. It makes it possible to notice a breakdown as early as possible and replace some small element even before it creates a real problem for the equipment.

Small breakdowns of the heating system eventually turn into global difficulties and entail financial expenses associated with the repair and dismantling (full or partial) of the equipment. Self-diagnosis helps to identify a malfunction and makes it possible to eliminate it in a timely manner

Electronic automation responsible for safe operation equipment, ensures uninterrupted operation of the boiler, prevents the system from overheating and shuts off the gas supply in the event of a drop in draft or attenuation of the flame in the burner.

The assortment line of volatile automation, presented on the market today, pleases with diversity. Useful and necessary mini-aggregates are produced by world-famous brands and small companies, just trying to win their place under the sun.

Energy-dependent automation is presented in the form of a control panel, where the user can set the parameters of the equipment that are convenient for him. The cost of a “smart” element is high, but the costs are justified, because with the help of a control unit, you can reduce resource consumption without any damage to your own comfort

Among the models on offer there are both simple products, and more advanced units with a programming option.

On them, the user can choose the most suitable for himself and program the system to work in day / night mode or, focusing on the weather forecast, set a certain level of heating of the house or apartment for a period of 1 to 7 days.

View # 2 - non-volatile units

Non-volatile automation more simple and practical. Management and adjustment are carried out manually using mechanical rotary toggle switches and are not difficult even for those who are far from technology. The device works completely autonomously and does not need to be connected to the central electrical system.

To heat a residential building and supply hot water to the taps, it is enough to turn the control knob in the direction of increasing by 2-3 divisions. If you want to take a bath or shower, the toggle switch must be set to the maximum value.

The product is marked with a digital scale with a list of values ​​from minimum to maximum. To activate, the user selects the desired mark and in this way sets the appropriate operating temperature directly to the boiler.

After these manipulations, it connects and takes control of the specified heating mode. The boiler is actively working until the room warms up to the desired temperature. Then the temperature controller turns off the gas supply to the system and is activated again only when the room becomes colder.

The principle of operation is based on the specific design of the device. The thermocouple of the gas boiler built into the heat exchanger is equipped with a special rod. It is made of a special iron-nickel alloy called invar.

The physical characteristics of this progressive material endow it with the ability to capture minimal temperature fluctuations almost instantly.

If the room gets too hot or too cold, the size of the rod changes. The connecting valve reacts to this and timely shuts off or activates the gas flow to the burner.

Availability of non-volatile automatic control system allows users to set the most suitable temperature regime for themselves in a house or apartment and use the fuel resource economically without overpaying utility bills

Additionally, non-volatile type automation has sensitive ones. If the pressure in the pipe suddenly decreases or the draft level in the chimney drops for some reason, the supply of the resource immediately stops and gas leakage can be avoided.

Non-volatile automation costs quite reasonable money and, unlike electronic analogues, does not require the purchase and installation of a stabilizer that controls voltage and equalizes unforeseen surges in the central power grid

The correct operation of the flame sensor is ensured by a special plate. During normal and correct functioning of the system, it is in a slightly bent state.

In this way, the part keeps the shut-off valve in the " Open". When the flame becomes smaller, the plate is leveled and the valve closes under its pressure.

Design and principle of operation

Automation, work manager, consists of many elements conditionally divided into two subgroups. The first includes mechanisms that ensure the full and safe functioning of the boiler itself. The second includes devices that make it possible to operate the heating system in the most convenient and comfortable mode for the user.

Components of the security system

Several modules are responsible for the operational safety of the unit:

1. flame controller- consists of two main parts - a solenoid valve and a thermocouple. Shuts off the gas in a timely and reliable manner and prevents leakage.
2. Thermostat– maintains the set temperature of the coolant and protects the system from overheating. When the coolant cools down to minimum temperatures, the module starts the boiler into operation, and after fixing the peak-high indicators, turns it off, completely relieving the owners of the need to constantly pay attention to the system.
3. Traction control sensor, is responsible for stopping the gas supply to the burner in the event of a change in the basic position of the bimetallic plate, thus preventing gas leakage.
4. Safety valve- monitors the amount of coolant in the circuit.

In addition to all the above useful qualities, automation has a number of additional features that increase the comfort of using the equipment.

The device is auto-igniting gas burner, selects the most efficient operating mode, contributes to the rational use of energy resources and conducts independent diagnostics, saving the owners from all these activities.

The principle of operation of safety automation

The current regulatory documentation says that the gas boiler safety complex must be equipped with a device that stops the operation of the entire system and shuts off the gas supply in the event of an unexpected breakdown or any other force majeure.

To accomplish this task, automation must control such parameters as:

• gas pressure in the system;
• the presence of a flame of optimal size in the burner;
• full, high-quality traction;
• temperature level of the working coolant.

When the gas pressure drops to a critical level in a non-volatile mechanical system, the supply of the resource is immediately stopped. This happens automatically due to the presence of a valve mechanism set to a certain value.

Volatile electronic devices are designed somewhat differently. In them, the above function is performed by a minimum / maximum pressure switch.

With an increase in the number of atmospheres, the membrane with the rod bends, opening the power contacts of the boiler itself. Gas stops flowing and is not supplied until the pressure level is restored.

Troubleshooting and somehow interfering with the basic functionality of the equipment is prohibited by law. Any problems that have arisen can only be corrected by a qualified specialist - an employee of the gas supply company

If the flame disappears in the burner, the thermocouple cools down and stops generating current. After that, the electromagnetic damper in the valve no longer functions, and the gas stops flowing to the burner. When the thrust drops, the bimetallic plate heats up intensively, changes shape and acts on the valve, forcing it to stop supplying fuel.

The temperature of the coolant is kept under control by a thermostat. It ensures that the user-selected warm-up mode is maintained, while preventing the system from overheating and failing.

The nuances of the functioning of the system

Volatile electronic automation in work relies on information received from sensors. The microprocessor and the internal controller analyze this data, process and give the system commands that are best suited for a particular situation.

In order for electronic automation to function normally for a long time, it is necessary to call the wizard annually to inspect the equipment, diagnose the microprocessor and view memory module reports.

Mechanics has a slightly different principle. When the boiler is switched off, the internal gas valve completely covered. At the moment the equipment is started, the washer on the valve is squeezed out and the passage for the fuel resource to the igniter is forced to open. The ignition stimulates the heating of the thermocouple and voltage is generated on it.

This resource uses an electromagnet that maintains the valve in the open position. By turning the washer manually, the user can effortlessly adjust the level and power of their heating equipment.

Overview of popular models and manufacturers

On the market of progressive gas equipment and related elements, automation of both domestic and foreign manufacturers. By the principle of operation, all devices are exactly the same, however, in terms of design, there are significant differences between them.

The presence of control automation in the system gas heating makes it possible to comfortably heat the room and rationally consume energy resources. With a reasonable approach, savings can range from 30 to 43%

The cost of modules varies in the widest range. Simple mechanical products with a minimum of functions belong to the budget class and are sold at the lowest price. Advanced electronic panels are much more valuable, but provide the user with more advanced options for individual settings and control of work.

Some devices, such as SABC automation, in addition to basic functions, are equipped with a built-in pressure stabilizer. This allows for more precise adjustment of the operation of gas equipment.

Electronic devices with the ability to program are considered luxury. They allow the owner to set the equipment work plan for a long period of time, taking into account seasonal weather conditions and the current outdoor temperature.

No. 1 - EUROSIT 630 automation

Automatic non-volatile unit EUROSIT 630 manufactured by an Italian company Sit Group (Eurosit) market leader in sales.

It is considered universal and works effectively with parapets and power from 7 to 24 kW. Turning on / off, ignition of the pilot burner and setting the desired temperature are carried out using one handle with a button.

The Eurosit 630 module is modern unit to control gas equipment. Fully complies with international standards and safety requirements for such devices. Has a European quality certificate and a guarantee from the manufacturer

The product is different high level reliability, withstands significant operational loads and has extensive functionality. Structural elements"Hide" in the housing, to which the sensor cables and other connecting tubes are connected.

The ignition time of the heating boiler with the help of Eurosit 630 automation is 10 seconds. The gas is immediately supplied to the system and very soon the room warms up to the set temperature.

Inside the unit there is a cut-off spring valve and pressure regulator. The gas supply is carried out from below or from the side according to the wishes of the user. The cost of the unit is included in the category of budget.

#2 - Honeywell 5474 module

The Honeywell 5474 device is manufactured by the German concern Honeywell, which has been specializing in the development and sale of various types of automation for more than a hundred years. Correctly works with household power up to 32 kW.

Honeywell 5474 is a non-volatile heating control device. Equipped with micro-torch burners made of heat-resistant of stainless steel. They provide better combustion of gas, reduce emissions into the atmosphere harmful substances and do not allow excess soot to be deposited in the chimney

The Honeywell 5474 automatic system is equipped with basic set control functions that guarantee the efficient operation of the boiler with absolute safety for users.

The product in auto mode maintains the specified coolant temperature (from 40 to 90 degrees), turns off the boiler in the event of a fuel supply failure, lack of draft of the required level in the chimney, reverse draft or burner extinction.

No. 3 - premium automation from Honeywell

In addition to inexpensive budget models company Honeywell also produces other types of automatic equipment, for example, luxury chronothermostats of the premium CT series or programmed thermostats Honeywell YRLV430A1005/U.

The YRLV430A1005/U device, with the widest possible functionality, has a friendly interface and does not cause any difficulties for customers in the process of use. The cost of the product is quite high, but still lower than that of competitors offering models similar in characteristics

These electronic panels allow you to set the most detailed and precise settings for heating equipment, up to changing the temperature regime several times a day, depending on the time of day, weather conditions and personal wishes.

No. 4 - Orion device

Automatic device Orion manufactured in Russia. The device is equipped with a piezoelectric ignition and a draft sensor.

The Orion device looks simple and has a minimal set of functions. Its capabilities are not too great, but, thanks to its loyal cost and elementary control method, the unit is in demand

The device turns off the gas in the event of arbitrary attenuation of the burner or lack of the required draft. When the air temperature in the room drops, the thermostat activates the fuel supply and the operation of the boiler resumes.

The transition to the flame reduction mode when a certain (user-set) temperature is reached occurs automatically and saves fuel resource.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

A detailed description of the principle of operation of automation designed for a gas boiler. Interesting features and nuances of control equipment:

How automatic gas heating boiler works. A visual demonstration of the ignition process of a gas unit:

A detailed description of one of the most popular models of automation designed to control and adjust a gas boiler:

A gas heating system controlled by automation is a practical and cost-effective option for home heating equipment.

The mechanical controller is distinguished by its low price, reliability and elementary control method. The electronic panel is more expensive, but has advanced functionality that allows you to create the most comfortable conditions in the room.

It is better to purchase mini-units in company stores where certified goods are sold that meet all the requirements for elements of gas-fired heating systems.

Do you know the intricacies of the operation of gas equipment automation that are not noted in the article? Any questions while reading the material? Please write comments and share own opinion and photographs on the topic of the article.

As you know, gas heaters are equipment that can create an emergency situation, associated with a mortal risk. Accidental flame extinction or gas leakage can lead to explosion or suffocation, and overheating of the boiler - at best, to its breakdown. Serviceable automatic safety gas boilers will be able to prevent risks for another initial stage. In addition, it contributes to a more economical use of the fuel resource and increases the level of comfort during the operation of the heating system as a whole. The cost of the automation unit depends on the number and complexity of the options included in the scheme. Some of them are mandatory, and therefore must be present in every gas boiler, without exception.

The principle of operation of basic automation

Modern heating equipment is certainly equipped with a security system and control units with the function of regulating operating modes. An element of basic automation is an electric or piezo ignition, which supplies a spark to the igniter at the moment the gas supply starts. To start the combustion process, you just need to press the button located on the body of the heating boiler.

Next, the machine turns on the gas burner, which picks up the fire from the igniter. After the coolant has warmed up to the required temperature, the automation (in this case, the thermostat) is triggered to turn off the burner, and when the water cools to the limit values, a signal is given to turn it on. The igniter continues to burn all this time. This option allows:

• protect the surrounding area from possible gas leakage;
• prevent water from boiling in the heat exchanger;
• stop the fuel supply to the nozzle in the absence of thrust or a sharp change in gas pressure in the main pipeline.

Maintaining the optimal operating mode of the boiler and the safety of equipment have long depended not on the human factor, but on the automation that is equipped with gas equipment. It can be volatile, more reliable, but requiring an uninterruptible power supply, and non-volatile (mechanical), characterized by autonomy and a simple design. The security system can only consist of necessary elements or be multifunctional, have manual adjustment or a programmer.

Automation ensures reliable and economical operation of a gas boiler without human intervention.

Non-volatile system

Such automation is attractive due to its isolation from electricity, low cost and maintainability. The range of operating temperatures that affect the operation of the thermostat is set manually here by means of a switch connected to the thermostat built into the boiler. In its design there is a rod made of a material that can shorten and lengthen with changes in the temperature of the coolant. As a result, the gas supply valve opens or closes, completely shutting off the fuel supply to the burner.

Included non-volatile automation also include flame and draft sensors. In the event of a sudden attenuation of the burner, as well as with a significant decrease in thrust, the gas is instantly shut off. But for comfortable and economical operation of modern boilers, the above options are not enough. Manual regulation does not allow the use of equipment in optimal modes, so savings, comfort and service life of the boiler without additional automation are reduced to a minimum.

Volatile system

Maximum ease of use of gas heating appliances provides electronic automation. It is enough just to enter the operating parameters or already programmed modes on the display, as the regulation and control system comes into play. It functions based on the principle of solenoid valves receiving commands from a microprocessor unit.

The disadvantage of volatile automation is its attachment to electricity. In case of possible power failures, the equipment is blocked, and the coolant stops warming up, which leads to cooling of the heating circuit. The operability of the system and safety elements of the boiler is maintained by connecting the equipment to an uninterruptible power supply or to a diesel generator.

Modern automation is capable of:

• support different temperatures depending on the days of the week or time of day;
• regulate the thermal regime, taking into account weather conditions;
• create individual temperature in separate rooms;
• prevent freezing of the heating circuit;
• troubleshoot and much more.

Components of the automation system

Elements of automatic control are divided into several groups, depending on the functional purpose and design features. When purchasing a boiler, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the set of options presented in more detail, because the price of a gas boiler depends on their number. It is possible that too complex components are not required. Why then overpay?

Automation for heating boilers includes:

• thermostats;
• valves;
• relay;
• sensors;
• controllers.

Thermostats are considered one of the simple electromechanical devices in the automation system. Their functions include ensuring the specified temperature regime of the coolant and giving a signal to turn on or turn off the gas burner after reaching threshold or boundary values.

Thermostats prevent water from boiling or freezing in the boiler.

The valves regulate the gas supply to the burner. Rather, they block or open the nozzle of the inlet pipe.

The coolant pressure switch in the system protects the gas boiler from serious damage. The fact is that too low pressure causes airing, boiling and stopping the circulation of water in the heating circuit. The result is a severe overheating of the boiler. Excessive pressure is no less dangerous, as it leads to an emergency and can provoke an explosion. In the first case, the situation is controlled by the minimum pressure switch, and in the second - by the maximum one.

Relay devices also control gas pressure. Normal operation of the burner is assumed at nominal pressure, therefore, when it is reduced or increased, emergency situations occur. In the first case, the flame begins to “settle” in the burner, which leads to the burning of the pipes. In the second case, it rises too high, as a result of which the combustion chamber suffers. Depending on the circumstances, the minimum or maximum gas pressure switch switches off the boiler in order to protect the equipment from serious damage.

Sensors that determine the presence of a coolant in the heating system are an important addition for the boiler. They do not allow the equipment to be turned on without filling the circuit, which prevents the occurrence of emergencies. The sensor is made in the form of a float or electrodes placed in a hydraulic circuit in a certain way.

Controllers are electronic devices that control individual nodes or the heating system as a whole. It takes into account how internal factors affecting the operation of the gas boiler, and external conditions, including the weather. Controllers can have different capabilities and have different functionality. They are classified according to several positions:

• integration scheme with boiler equipment;
• management algorithms;
• set of features;
• service direction.

For gas boilers available big choice automation that allows you to safely and comfortably use heating systems. When buying equipment, you should familiarize yourself with the options offered by the manufacturer in detail. Mindfulness will help to avoid surprises.