About a plant with small yellow flowers, medicinal.

It is amazing how rich the nature of our latitudes is with wild forbs. Medicinal plants are widely settled in fields and meadows, in the steppe and forests, on mountain slopes and in valleys. Many of them are well known to almost everyone, others are not so popular, but are also widely used in folk and official medicine. Below we consider some wild herbs, their purpose and use by man.

What are herbs: classification

Wild herbs are divided into several typologies:

• life expectancy,
• by appointment,
• by distribution.

Now consider each classification separately.

By life expectancy

According to the life span, wild herbs are divided into annuals, biennials and perennials.

Here are examples of some of them:

• annuals -, cinquefoil, as well as many others;
• biennials - and others;
• perennials - field mint, burdock, and so on.

Did you know? The most common living creatures on planet Earth are plants. There are more than 370 thousand species.

By appointment

Herbs are also classified according to their use by humans. They are divided into spicy and medicinal. Already from the names of these categories it is clear what they are intended for and how they are used.

Distribution

The places where wild cereals grow allow us to divide them into those growing in forests, in the steppe and in the desert, in swamps and mountains, in meadows, in gardens and orchards.

Photos, names, benefits of wild herbs

There are a huge variety of wild plants, and almost every one of them can be found in the appropriate catalog or encyclopedia, with descriptions and photographs.
We will also tell you about some of the herbs common in our territory, presenting their photos, short description and positive impact on human health.

Did you know? Roasted dandelion roots are used to make a coffee substitute, and young leaves are fermented or pickled like cabbage in the cooking of some peoples. In addition, in England, wine has long been made from dandelion flowers.

Dandelion medicinal (in Latin - Taraxacum Officinale) has unique healing properties. It is rich in vitamins A and C, it also has iron and calcium, it is a good detoxifier. The roots and leaves are rich in bitter glycosides, acids, oils, choline, asparagine.
Dandelion is recognized as a plant capable of having such an effect:

• choleretic,
• antipyretic,
• laxative,
• expectorant,
• soothing,
• antispasmodic,
• mild sedative.

Experimental chemical and pharmacological studies have proven that dandelion raw materials have anti-tuberculosis, antiviral, fungicidal, anthelmintic, anticarcinogenic and antidiabetic properties.

In cooking, dandelion also has a well-deserved distribution: cabbage soup is cooked from it, cutlets are cooked, jam is cooked, and fortified spring salads are also prepared. Dandelions are excellent honey plants: the honey collected from them turns out to be golden and fragrant, with a harsh aftertaste.

Video: beneficial features dandelion

St. John's wort (Latin - Hypéricum perforatum) has beneficial ingredients that help a person maintain health. These are vitamin C, nicotinic acid, quercetin, rutin, carotene, sugars, saponins, hyperoside, tocopherol, phytoncides, essential oil, as well as bitter, tannins and resinous substances.

In pharmacology, St. John's wort is used to prepare a variety of preparations from it:

• antibacterial,
• antiseptic,
• painkillers,
• wound healing,
• antirheumatic,
• diuretic,
• choleretic,
• antihelminthic.

Important! St. John's wort has contraindications: it causes an increase blood pressure accelerates the elimination of antibiotics fromorganism, incompatible withantidepressants. In women who take oral contraceptives, it can reduce their effect. And men need to remember- with prolonged use, they may experience temporary impotence.

Recently, medical scientists conducted additional studies, during which it was found that St. John's wort has an antidepressant effect that does not have side effects. Also, this herb is valuable in that it is recommended by cosmetologists as an anti-aging, tonic, anti-seborrheic agent.

Since ancient times, healers with the help of St. John's wort healed:

• gynecological inflammation,
• haemorrhoids,
• headaches,
• diseases of the liver and genitourinary system.

Video: useful properties of St. John's wort

Chicory (in Latin - Cichórium) has a rich chemical composition, due to which it normalizes the functioning of many body systems.

This plant can:

• stimulate an increase in immunity,
• heal wounds and eczema,
• have an antitumor effect
• tone the body
• relieve fatigue,
• cleanse vessels.

Chicory also has detoxifying properties: it is able to normalize metabolic processes and remove toxins. Using chicory, you can cleanse the kidneys and improve blood composition, speed up peristalsis, eliminate heartburn, and increase appetite. Drinks from it can replace coffee.
Chicory is also used as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and antibacterial agent for colds. Diabetics, using this healing herb, can also alleviate their condition.

Stinging nettle (in Latin - Urtica urens) and Dioecious nettle (Urtica dioica) are two types medicinal herbs, which are used in both official and traditional medicine.

Nettle gained its popularity due to the following properties:

• diuretic,
• mild laxative,
• expectorant,
• anticonvulsant,
• anti-inflammatory,
• antiseptic,
• painkiller,
• wound healing,
• blood-purifying,
• hemostatic.

Pregnant and lactating women use nettle to improve lactation and normalize blood iron levels. Its anti-diabetic effect has also been proven.

Traditional medicine uses nettle for:

• dysentery,
• cold,
• constipation
• dropsy,
• diseases of the liver and bronchopulmonary system,
• hemorrhoids,
• rheumatism,
• gout,
• boils,
• acne and lichen lesions of the skin.

Video: useful properties of nettle

Burdock (in Latin - Arctium) is widely used in both medicines; mainly apply its root. The root system of burdock is richest in inulin polysaccharide (about 45%), it contains tannins and essential oils, mucus, fatty substances, bitterness, resins, mineral salts, ascorbic acid, protein.

Burdock root is used as a diuretic, diaphoretic, analgesic and choleretic agent, it helps in the formation of pancreatic enzymes.

Also, this plant has the following effects:

• laxative,
• antimicrobial,
• antiseptic,
• antiallergic,
• wound healing,
• antidiabetic.

Hogweed (in Latin - Heracléum) has long been known for its healing properties. It contains furocoumarins, which have a bactericidal effect, so anthelmintic drugs for animals are produced from it.

For humans, hogweed remedies are effective against psoriasis. Plant juice is used to treat ulcers and festering wounds, asthma and epilepsy. An anesthetic medicine is prepared from the roots for liver inflammation, as well as for jaundice.

Hogweed is used in cooking, and it is also a complete fodder crop that is combined with others to produce silage for livestock.

Hogweed contains trace elements, carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins, as well as tannins, chlorophyll, carotene, and essential oils. The flowers contain a lot of nectar, which the bees transform into excellent honey.

Important! It is necessary to handle the cow parsnip carefully, since its juice, getting on open areas body, can cause severe allergic reactions and burns that turn into huge blisters.

Oregano

Oregano, or oregano (in Latin - Oríganum vulgáre) contains flavonoids, phytoncides, bitterness, tannins, essential oil, thanks to which preparations based on it serve as anti-inflammatory and choleretic agents. Oregano is used to treat whooping cough and bronchitis, and is taken as a sedative and pain reliever.

Medicines from this herb:

• increase appetite,
• improve intestinal peristalsis,
• produce a diuretic effect
• relieve epileptic seizures
• relieve convulsions,
• normalize the menstrual cycle.

Video: useful properties of oregano

Field or meadow mint (in Latin - Mentha arvensis) contains menthol, which has mild anesthetic properties. It is also an ingredient in medicines for blood vessels and the heart: Validol, Valocordin, Zelenin drops and others.

Useful properties of mint are very versatile:

• mint can enhance intestinal motility, contributing to its timely emptying, limit putrefactive processes and fermentation;
• from the dried leaves prepare infusions that are used for disorders nervous system and insomnia;
• mint helps relieve nausea, produces a choleretic effect, eliminates diarrhea;
• alcohol tincture and oil solution are used to reduce swelling and pain in case of inflammation of the respiratory system;
• The antimicrobial and gum-strengthening properties of the essential oil are used in the production of toothpastes and powders, as well as infusions for rinsing the mouth.

Important! Do not use mint for children under three years of age. Also, do not get carried away with it for men of childbearing age, due to the fact that it can reduce libido, and women who have problems conceiving, as this herb can exacerbate the problem of infertility.

Tansy

Common tansy (in Latin - Tanacetum vulgare) is known for having a powerful anthelmintic effect. Also, a powder is prepared from it in the form of an insecticide against insect pests. Tansy contains alkaloids, essential oils, flavonoids, tannins.

This plant is used in hepatitis to reduce the production of mucus that accumulates in bile. The herb has a positive effect on the tone of the muscles of the stomach and intestines, increasing secretion.

An infusion of basket inflorescences can:

• increase the amplitude of heart contractions,
• eliminate hypotension,
• heal gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Traditional medicine uses tansy in the treatment of:

• enterobiasis,
• hypoacid gastritis,
• hepatitis A,
• colitis,
• ascariasis,
• cholecystitis.

Compresses from this herb are effective for purulent wounds and gout.

Video: useful properties of tansy

Plantain (in Latin - Plantago). In medicine, two types of plantain are used: flea and Indian. The composition of these medicinal herbs contains a lot of ascorbic acid, phytoncides and carotene.

Alcoholic and aqueous leafy extracts of plantain treat severe forms of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Juice treats gastritis and enteritis, it is drunk for better digestion of food. Special studies by phytochemists have proven that plantain leaves contain elements that affect cholesterol metabolism.

An infusion of the leaves is used to expel sputum in case of:

• bronchitis,
• pulmonary tuberculosis,
• bronchial asthma,
• pleurisy,
• catarrh of the upper respiratory tract,
• whooping cough

Plantain is known as an antiseptic because it can:

• relieve inflammation,
• heal wounds,
• anesthetize,
• purify the blood.

Medicines prepared from the plant can destroy Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, hemolytic staphylococcus, and pathogenic microbes in infected wounds.

Wormwood (in Latin - Artemísia absínthium) is used in gastroenterology. Its benefits are due to active ingredients, such as absinthine, anabsinthine, flavonoids, thujone, pinene, cadinene, bisabolone, chamazulenogen, selinene.

Wormwood leaves are rich in phytoncides, alkaloids, capillin, ascorbic acid, provitamin A, malic and succinic acids, carotene and saponins.

• The presence of galenic substances promotes stimulation reflex function pancreas, improves the functioning of the gallbladder.
• Terpenes relieve inflammation and are pacemakers.
• The essential oil extracted from the plant has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system.
• Saturated hydrocarbons found in the grass have a bactericidal and fungicidal effect.
• Bitterness, which is also present, can stimulate appetite and normalize digestion.

Traditional medicine considers wormwood an excellent remedy for:

• insomnia
• ascariasis,
• flatulence,
• obesity
• migraine,
• enterocolitis,
• gastritis,
• diseases of the kidneys and liver.

Video: useful properties of wormwood The plant is also useful for bad breath. On the basis of wormwood, ointments are prepared that treat fistulas, eye diseases, bruises and burns.

In combination with other herbs, wormwood is successfully used for:

• pulmonary tuberculosis,
• hypertension,
• fever
• edema,
• hemorrhoids.

Horsetail (in Latin - Equisetum arvense) is rich in flavonoids, derivatives of apigenin, quercetin, luteolin, silicic acid, and tannins.

There are also oxalic, aconitic, linoleic, malic and ascorbic acids, fatty oils, alkaloids, calcium, carotene, iron, potassium, magnesium, copper and other substances.
Thanks to the listed components, horsetail has the following properties:

• cleansing,
• anti-inflammatory,
• antimicrobial,
• anthelmintic,
• diuretic,
• antiseptic,
• detoxification.

In medicine and cosmetology, horsetail is used in the form of infusion, lotion and decoction. It is used in compliance with unloading diets in the process of losing weight. Cooks use the young shoots of horsetail, boiling or frying them and adding them to omelettes and casseroles, as well as filling for pancakes and pies.

Video: useful properties of horsetail

Quinoa (in Latin - Atriplex) is useful in the treatment of rheumatism, it allows you to relieve emotional stress. Due to the large amount of rutin and potassium, it is used in cardiology and for atherosclerotic changes in the vessels.

Did you know? Since ancient times, quinoa has been used as food during war or crop failure: rye flour with ground quinoa seeds was used in the preparation of bread. Such bread, although it was not attractive in appearance and taste, still helped people survive in times of famine.

Drugs from it are treated:

• chronic and acute diseases of the lower respiratory tract,
• stomach diseases,
• skin diseases,
• inflamed wounds.

The plant also serves as:

• anti-inflammatory,
• wound healing,
• cleansing,
• diuretic,
• expectorant
• choleretic,
• sedative.

Vegetarians appreciated the quinoa on its merits, because it contains a lot of protein: cabbage soup from it, as well as meatballs, soups, mashed potatoes and bread, allow you to stay full for a long time.

Video: beneficial properties of quinoa

Celandine (in Latin - Chelidonium) has many useful components: it contains up to twenty toxic substances that destroy pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

Useful action of celandine:

• helps with cramps
• removes inflammatory processes,
• can relieve and soothe
• has an antitumor and bactericidal effect,
• serves as a diuretic
• heals wounds,
• increases lactation in lactating women,
• medicines from celandine clean the lymph from infections.

When using small doses of celandine:

• blood pressure decreases;
• cardiac activity slows down;
• neuroses, convulsions, paralysis, epilepsy disappear;
• the work of the pancreas is improved.

When using celandine in treatment, it is important to remember that you cannot exceed the dose of the prescribed amount of the drug yourself, otherwise this will lead to dangerous side effects.

Important! It is necessary to start taking this herb with a minimum dose, gradually increasing it to the desired one.

24 times already
helped

The touching charm of wild flowers still inspires poets and lovers, gives a romantic mood. Field and whose names are diverse, today can be found in the most prestigious flower shops, because they look incomparable in fresh charming bouquets. And one has only to imagine an endless field strewn with blue cornflowers, yellow buttercups or white daisies, as fatigue, problems and resentment recede.

Why are they called that

Often the name of wild flowers speaks of the noticeable features of plants. The mother-and-stepmother is called that way thanks to the leaves - warm, terry on the one hand, smooth and cold on the other. Crail flowers resemble the beak of this slender bird, but look like a bell. Oregano has a unique aroma, especially when dried. Tea is very fragrant. Elecampane acquired its nickname due to the fact that it helps well with weakness and fatigue: it gives a person “nine strengths”. It also happens that the name of wild flowers is associated with myths and legends. They say that the cornflower is named after St. Basil the Great, who had a special sympathy for flowers, and is a symbol of kindness and spiritual purity. The flowers on the stems of Ivan da Mary got their name from the legend of unhappy love. The girl and the guy, having learned that they are brother and sister to each other, in order not to part, turned into flowers of different shades. The sleep-grass flower is so called because at night the petals close tightly, and the plant droops, as if falling asleep. Another name for this flower is lumbago. According to legend, an angel shot an arrow at a demon hiding in the thickets of this plant and shot through the leaves.

two names

Each wild flower name has a second (botanical) name. In chicory, it sounds like this: Cichorium intybys. It comes from the Greek kio - "I go" and chorion - "alienated by the field." It is called so because often the plant can be found on the outskirts of fields. The name of the species intybus can be translated as "in the tube" - the flower has a hollow stem. The thistle plant has latin name Carduus nutans, which comes from the word cardo, meaning "hook". The white and pinkish flowers of the soapwort are scientifically called Saponaria and come from the Greek sapon, meaning "soap". The pubescent leaves and stems of the mullein, called Verbascum, come from the Latin word barbascum, which is etymologically related to barba - "beard". Other names of the plant: royal scepter, ataman-grass, fur coat. The botanical name of sage - Salvia - was born from the Latin word salvus and means "healthy". Sage is widely used as a medicinal plant.

Names of blue wildflowers. blue linen

Among the flowers that delight us with a cool heavenly shade, linen can be called the most delicate. Its Latin name - Línum - comes from the Celtic language, in which the word lin means "thread": the stalk of flax consists entirely of thin fibers. From time immemorial, the plant has healed, fed and clothed people. The remarkable quality of linen matter is its resistance to decay and an increase in strength during high humidity. Oil was made from the seed of this flax, which generously contains essential linolenic fatty acid, which is involved in the metabolism of humans and animals, preventing the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Charming doctor

There is no place where graceful and cute cornflowers would not grow. If there are no ears of corn, it means that there was certainly a grain field here, which is now reminiscent of blue flowers. They bloom from May to September. Latin name- Centauréa - originated from the Greek adjective centaureus, that is, belonging to the centaur. The myth says that with these flowers the centaur Chiron was cured of the poison of the hydra that bit him. Cornflower belongs to the Compositae family and is used in medicine as a decongestant. In folk therapy, infusion of flowers in snow water is used to treat eyes. In cosmetics, cornflower extract is used to produce cleansing, skin-tightening nutrients.

How forget-me-not got its name

Unpretentious forget-me-nots love moisture, they can be found along streams, in meadows, along river banks. The scientific name of this flower from the borage family - Myosótis - comes from the name "mouse ear", because, opening, the petals are very reminiscent of the ear of a rodent. And according to legend, the forget-me-not acquired a name when the goddess Flora descended to earth and bestowed names on flowers. It seemed to her that she respected everyone, but then a faint voice rang out behind her: “Don’t forget me too, Flora!” The goddess took a closer look and saw a tiny blue flower, called it forget-me-not and gave it miraculous power to bring back the memory of people who had forgotten their homeland and loved ones.

Names of yellow wildflowers. Primrose

Primrose, or primrose, was popularly called the "golden keys". There is a legend. They hinted to the Apostle Peter, guarding the gates to Eden, that someone without permission wants to get into paradise with fake keys. The apostle, in fright, dropped a bunch of golden keys, it fell to the ground, and flowers similar to it grew in this place. Lovely yellow inflorescences appear in early spring, as if opening the way for light and warmth. No wonder the botanical name - Prímula - originated from the Latin word prímus, that is, "first". Another name for primrose wildflowers is firstborn. Corollas with five petals are collected in racemes-inflorescences on smooth long stems. They are dried and brewed into an invigorating tea. There is a whole vitamin cocktail in primrose leaves. From its roots, healers prepare a cure for tuberculosis. And in the old days, Primrose was boiled from a flower and can pick up the signals of the ultrasonic field that occurs during an earthquake. It speeds up the movement of juices in the plant and makes it bloom faster. So the primrose is able to warn people of danger.

Priceless sweet clover

In the fields and meadows grows a magnificent honey plant and a healer - sweet clover. His Latin name - Melilótus - comes from the word "honey". And in Russia, these yellow wildflowers, whose names are bottom, are etymologically connected with the Slavic word "bottom". Infusions and decoctions from the plant helped with diseases, and from fresh leaves and flowers they prepared a healing plaster for wounds.

dangerous and beautiful

What a delightful picture is the field dotted with golden drops of buttercups! This flower with silky petals is so sweet and touching. Why does it have such a formidable name? The answer is simple - buttercup juice is very poisonous. It was from him that the drug was prepared, which plunged Juliet into a deep, death-like sleep. Scientists named the flower Ranúnculus, from the Latin word for frog, because the buttercup loves wet places. The plant blooms several times during the summer, and if the season is rainy, the flowers will be large and lush, and the stems will grow to the waist.

Finally

The names and pictures of wild flowers given in this article are only a small part of the richest flora of our wonderful planet. The gentle inhabitants of meadows and fields are not afraid of either heat or cold; they generously give their healing powers to everyone who is sick. The famous thinker of the Enlightenment, Jean Jacques Rousseau, asked his friends to take him to the meadow if he fell ill so that there was no hope of recovery. Then, as the scientist assured, he would feel good again.

The variety of plants in the forest zone allows you to choose for your garden plot those flowers or herbs that will ideally match the conditions of your site. As a rule, forest grasses and flowering plants are unpretentious, because in nature they are content with the shade of tall trees and are forced to survive, despite the shrubs surrounding them from all sides. Check out the photos of forest flowers and their names below to choose the most suitable for your garden.

Perennial plants for the forest area

Adiantum (ADIANTUM). Adinth family.

Basil filamentous(T. filamentosum) - low, 15-25 cm high, with a long rhizome, forms a thicket of pale green leaves, in an openwork inflorescence, grows in the shade.

Basil of Delaway (T. delavayi)- 100 cm high, magnificent large pink or red inflorescence.

Growing conditions. Sunny or semi-shaded places with loose, moist soils (except for the small one, which prefers dry soils).

Reproduction. Seeds (sowing in spring or before winter), dividing the bush (in spring or late summer). Capable of weeding. Planting density - 9 pcs. per 1 m2.

Black cohosh, cimicifuga (CIMICIFUGA). Buttercup family.

Tall grasses (up to 200 cm), blooming from late summer through autumn. About 20 species are known to grow in forests. Far East and North America. The rhizome is dense, short, forms a powerful root system. The leaves are large, trifoliate, rising high on a long petiole, tall peduncles, bearing clusters of numerous small white flowers. Slowly growing perennial, holding a place up to 30-40 years.

Types and varieties:

Black cohosh branched (C. ramosa)- height 200 cm, grade "Atropurpurea".

Black cohosh Dahurian (C. dahurica)- height 200 cm, with a branchy racemose inflorescence, blooms in September-October.

Black cohosh (C. racemosa = C. cordifoiia)- height 180 cm, blooms earlier than other species (in July), pale-white flowers in a racemose inflorescence.

Black cohosh simple(C. simpiex)- height 140 cm, blooms in September, flowers in a simple spike-shaped inflorescence.

Growing conditions. Shaded to semi-shaded areas with rich, well-drained, moderately moist soils.

Reproduction. Freshly harvested seeds, sowing before winter. Seedlings bloom in the 3-5th year, but it is more reliable to propagate in the spring by dividing the bush. Delenki easily take root and live without a transplant for up to 30 years. Planting density - 3 pcs. per 1 m2.

Jeffersonia (JEFFERSONIA). The barberry family.

There are only two species in this genus, growing at opposite ends. the globe- one in the forests of the east of North America, the other - in the forests of the Far East. These are low (25-35 cm) short-rhizomatous herbs that form rounded bushes from tender basal rounded leaves and bloom in early spring. Flowers solitary, 2-3 cm in diameter.

Types and varieties:

Jeffersonia bifolia (J. diphylla) from America has a leaf carved at the top and white flowers; in Jeffersonia doubtful (J. dubia) from the Far East, the leaves are rounded, and the flowers are pale lilac.

Growing conditions. In the shade, under the canopy of trees that cover the ground in autumn with fallen leaves; on loose forest soil, well drained.

Reproduction.seed propagation difficult, since the seeds germinate only in the 3rd year. Propagated by dividing the bush at the end of summer. Without division and transplantation, they can grow 20-25 years.

Planting density - 16 pcs. per 1 m2.

Cardiocrinum (CARDIOCRINUM). Lily family.

The genus Cardiocrinum includes 3 species of large bulbous herbs growing on forest edges and in rare forests. East Asia. Peduncle 150-300 cm high with numerous flowers similar to lilies. These are the most tall plants lily family. They have shiny large heart-shaped leaves on petioles and numerous (up to 30 pieces per stem) white tubular leaves. fragrant flowers up to 15 cm long.

Species and varieties. Grows well in the temperate zone:

Cardiocrinum cordatum (C. cordatum), especially its shape "Glenna" (C. cordatum f. Glehnii), living in the light forests of Sakhalin, they have large flowers in a multi-flowered inflorescence.

Cardiocrinum giant (C. giganteum)- plant of the Himalayas, needs strong shelter, often damaged by frost.

Growing conditions. Slightly shaded areas with moist, loose, rich soils under a canopy of broad-leaved species (oak, linden, maple, apple tree).

Reproduction. Freshly harvested seeds are sown before winter, they germinate in spring, seedlings bloom in the 7-10th year.

Lungwort (PULMONARIA). Borage family.

Perennial forest rhizomatous herbs (about 14 species) 20-40 cm high, with oval pubescent leaves in a basal rosette and tubular flowers of red-violet tones (change color after pollination) in a dense curl inflorescence. Bloom in early spring. The name of these forest herbs was due to the fact that their flowers are rich in nectar, lungwort is one of the first spring honey plants.

Types and varieties:

Lungwort narrow-leaved(P. angustifolia)-, grows in pine forests on sandy soils in Europe.

Lungwort varieties Azure And Smokey Blue.

Lungwort Filyarsky (P. filarszkyana)caviar (P. rubra)- with from the forests of the Carpathians, variety "Redstart".

Lungwort the softest (P. mollissima)- up to 40 cm high, dark blue flowers, from the forests of the Caucasus, Central Asia.

Lungwort dark (P. obscura)- flowers are lilac-pink, from the forests of Central Europe.

Lungwort sugar (P. saccharata)- from the forests of Southern Europe, green leaves with large bluish spots, lilac flowers, variety "Mrs. moon".

Growing conditions. Shaded areas under the canopy of trees with loose forest soils, moderately moist. M. narrow-leaved grows well on the sands, and m. sugar - on stony sandy soils in good light.

Reproduction. The division of the bush (at the end of summer). Planting density - 12 pcs. per 1 m2.

Stalk leaf (CAULOPHYLLUM). The barberry family.

Large (up to 120 cm high) herbs with a thickened short rhizome, straight stem (up to 100 cm high) and several beautiful, slightly bluish trifoliate leaves. The flowers are small, pale yellow, collected in a rare panicle.

Take a look at these photos forest herbs- they are especially beautiful in autumn, when berry-like, gray fruits ripen on them.

Species and varieties. This genus contains only two species:

Stalk leaf powerful (C. robustum)- a taiga plant of the south of the Ussuri Territory and a cornflower-shaped cobalt (C. thaLictroides) - a plant of broad-leaved forests of eastern North America. They are very similar in appearance and in their ecological needs.

Growing conditions. Heavily shaded areas under a canopy of broad-leaved species. The soils are loose, forest, moderately moist. They winter well under the litter.

Reproduction. Seed propagation is difficult, the seeds germinate only in the 2-3rd year, and the seedlings bloom in the 4-5th year. Without transplantation and division, they can grow in one place up to 30 years.

Reproduction is possible by dividing the bush at the end of summer. Planting density - 5 pcs. per 1 m2.

Disporum (DISPORUM). Family uvulariaceae (liliaceae).

Forest perennial herbs(about 15 species), growing in the forests of East Asia and North America, with a horizontal creeping rhizome and stems branching at the top into two branches, covered with ovate leaves and ending in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence of narrowly bell-shaped white-greenish flowers. Decorative fruits.

Types and varieties:

Wildflowers- this is a special kind of flowers that is not whimsical to care for. They do not cause such delight in everyone, as, for example, roses. But when you drive past a field of everything dotted with poppies, daisies, cornflowers, etc., it is simply impossible to take your eyes off these simple, delicate and very beautiful wildflowers. After all, you just want to stop, get out of the car and run through this “cloud” of flowers. And what a smell emanates from them, it seems that you are in a fairy tale and you forget about all your problems.
A long time ago, when man had not yet begun to ennoble plants, wild flowers were the best gift.

The girls wove chic wreaths from these delicate flowers, and the good fellows collected bouquets of buttercups and daisies, and gave them to the red maidens. There is some historical romance in these flowers. Indeed, sometimes, a nice little bouquet of cornflowers collected will cause you much more feelings than an armful of roses.

And how many daisies helped the girls in divination by "loves not loves." How sincerely the children rejoice collecting the fading dandelions, sending millions of white little paratroopers into the wind.

Beauty is beauty, and how many medicinal plants are among the wild flowers. Representatives of this species are bright: chamomile, bluebell, dog violet and many, many others.
The name of the wild flowers very a large number of, according to scientists, there are about five hundred thousand species, but only 290 of them have been described.

Nowadays it is very fashionable and practical to grow wildflowers in our garden beds.

• Firstly, they are perfectly combined, and even add zest, with decorative flowers.
• And secondly, they practically do not need any care, they are accustomed to any natural elements.

Wildflower Magic

Take, for example, the most common and most beautiful wild flower- cornflower . Cornflower is a symbol of holiness, purity, friendliness and courtesy, boyish beauty and kindness. Cornflowers - fragrant medicinal herb from blue flowers, strong persistent odour. When peasants bred them near their dwellings. Cornflowers had a wide ritual use - they were placed behind icons, decorated crosses in churches, holy on Makovey (August 1), on the Savior (August 6). Ritual wreaths were woven from cornflowers for the Trinity. According to ethnographers, the sacralization of this plant is associated with legends about finding the cross of the Lord. In the place where the Jews hid the cross of the Savior, an odorous and healing herb grew, which in Ukraine was called "cornflowers".

According to another legend, the plant was named after St. Basil the Great, who allegedly loved flowers and greenery during his lifetime and always decorated his house with them. Wreaths of consecrated cornflowers were put on the heads of dead girls, and flowers were also placed in the coffin. Cornflowers were sometimes an attribute of wedding rituals, young people were sprinkled with them, they were used to make a font for children with illnesses. They also symbolize holiness, purity, beauty of the beloved.

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Wildflower types

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Meadow flowers are a separate multifaceted world.

He is beautiful and incomprehensible. It is hard to believe that such beauty is created by itself - designers do not work on it, selecting varieties according to flowers and location, but always, when we find ourselves in a field with meadow flowers, we cannot stop looking and breathe. After all, there are no flaws in the design.

Many flower growers and gardeners strive to get a piece of pristine natural beauty on their own plot - they dig up bushes with roots or buy seeds. Moreover, meadow flowers are not only an aesthetic pleasure - each plant has a healing effect and is used in folk medicine.

So it turns out, two in one: both beautiful and useful, and if right outside the window, then it’s generally excellent!

Meadow flowers amaze with their diversity, simplicity and at the same time beauty. These flowers in their natural environment grow in meadows and fields, on the edges of forests.

By the way, herbalists have noticed that flowers collected from meadows have greater power in the treatment of diseases compared to artificially cultivated, precisely because a person did not interfere in their growth and development.

Kinds

There are a lot of species of meadow flowers and in the article we will consider some plants, their description and photos that can be found not only in meadows, but also on our garden plots, and everyone will be able to decide what to collect in the summer for home first aid kit and what to plant in a flower bed.

If you watch meadow flowers in their natural environment, you can easily understand that they love a lot of bright sunlight and do not tolerate shade well, with the exception of flowers that can grow in the forest too, for example, Ivan tea.

If you want to get them in your flower bed, then you will need to provide them with light: always plant them in the first line. Moreover, most representatives of meadow flowers are low- and medium-sized.

Meadow flowers are not afraid of weeds, because they are used to living in close community with a hundred neighbors in the meadow. Their roots intertwine, creating a carpet that absorbs well. rain water and also extracts moisture from the soil itself - therefore, the care of such plants will be minimal.

Description of species

1. Marshmallow officinalis

perennial herbaceous plant, grows up to half a meter in height. Leaf blades grow directly on the stem, the higher, the smaller the sheets. They have an oblong-pointed shape and a bluish shade of green. The buds grow singly at the top of the stem, and have a pale pink color.

The plant has an average frost resistance, which, nevertheless, allows it to grow well in middle lane Russia, including in the Moscow region.

1. Amaranth spiky

It is the wild ancestor of cultivated amaranth. Gardeners are more familiar as amaranth, a malicious weed. But not everyone knows that it has a high nutritional and medicinal value.

Amaranth reaches a height of 1 meter. The leaves are arranged alternately and have an oblong shape. The leaves are smaller at the top of the stem and larger at the bottom.

The flowers are very small, almost invisible, have a yellowish-green color and form spike-shaped inflorescences. Absolutely undemanding to soil and weather conditions.

1. Pansies

A perennial plant growing up to 40 cm. The leaf blades grow alternately, larger at the bottom than at the top. Flowers on thin stems, large, tricolor. Frost resistance is high. The habitat is very wide.

1. wild rosemary

It grows in the form of a bush and reaches a height of two meters.

Small bluish-green leaves grow throughout the stem, from bottom to top. Blooms profusely.

Four-petal buds, white, and more often - crimson hue with a rich smell, up to 4 cm in diameter, are collected in umbrella inflorescences. Winter-hardy, unpretentious.

1. Valerian officinalis

Perennial flower growing up to one and a half meters in height. Stem bare, slightly covered with leaves. Buds are small, pale pink shade, collected in umbrella inflorescences, very fragrant. The habitat is wide, but due to high demand, it can be difficult to find it.

It has found application not only in medicine, but also in the cosmetology industry, for these purposes it is cultivated artificially.

1. Cornflower meadow

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to a meter long and considered a weed, especially in cereal fields. The leaves have an elongated oval shape, pubescent, green with a bluish tint. The buds are pale pink, about 5 cm in diameter.

1. Cornflower blue

Perennial representative of meadow flowers. It differs from the meadow cornflower in the color of the buds - they are more rich color, blue.

1. mouse peas

Perennial flower, with a creeping stem, reaching a shoot length of one and a half meters. Leaf blades are miniature, inconspicuous, ash-green. The buds do not differ in large sizes, but they have a rich purple-pink color.

1. carnation meadow

Perennial flower growing up to 40 cm. Leaf blades are pubescent, have a linear shape. The buds are red, pink, less often white, the petals are serrated. It belongs to rare, protected plants.

1. Geranium meadow

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 80 cm. The lower leaves are divided into five parts, the upper ones into three. The buds are five-petalled, numerous, large, are lilac in color. Very widely represented on the map of Russia.

1. Highlander pepper

Perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing 90 cm. Belongs to the Buckwheat family. The stem is straight and thin, densely covered with leaves. Leaf blades are feather-shaped. The buds are small, snow-white, collected in inflorescences in the form of an ear.

1. Highlander bird

Perennial flower, reaching half a meter in length. Stem creeping, strongly branched. Leaf blades are small, opposite, densely cover the stem.

Buds are inconspicuous, white color are located in the leaf axils.

The highlander bird has good winter hardiness and high nutritional properties. It is used in folk medicine and as a fodder plant.

1. Gentian

A perennial flower in the form of a shrub, reaching a length of one and a half meters. The stems are straight and dense. Leaf blades are dark green, opposite. The buds are blue, light blue or purple, bell-shaped, quite large and grow singly. The area of ​​growth is wide.

1. goose bow

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 50 cm. Leaf blades are collected in a basal rosette, very long and thin. The buds are small, yellowish, with a honey smell. The plant is thermophilic.

1. Elecampane high

A representative of meadow flowers, growing in the form of a bush and reaching one and a half meters in height. Long dark leaf blades form a basal rosette. The buds are large, orange-yellow like big chamomile, but the petals are much narrower. The root has medicinal value and is used in cosmetology.

1. Delphinium

A perennial flower, in the form of a bush, reaching a length of one and a half meters. Leaf blades form a basal rosette and are shaped like arrows. The peduncle is long, forms a pyramidal inflorescence with many small but catchy buds, snow-white, pink, blue, lilac, red and yellow shades. The flower is thermophilic. At home, soap is prepared from the delphinium.

1. wild bow

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing as a bush and reaching half a meter in length. Leaf blades are similar to the feather of a domestic onion, but not as thick and fleshy. A tall pedicel is crowned with an inflorescence in the form of a ball. Has nutritional value. The area of ​​growth is wide.

1. sweet clover

Perennial flower, reaching a length of two meters. Leaf blades are arranged oppositely or in pairs on the stem. The buds are small, yellow or snow-white, very fragrant. It is famous as a honey crop and medicinal plant.

1. St. John's wort

Perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 80 cm. big amount small dark green leaves. The buds form yellow inflorescences on the tops of the stems. It is found both in Russia and in Ukraine. Used to treat various ailments.

1. strawberries

Perennial representative of meadow plants, growing to thirty centimeters.

1. Fireweed narrow-leaved (Ivan tea)

Perennial representative of meadow plants, growing up to one and a half meters.

The stem is straight, thick and juicy, densely covered with linear-lanceolate leaves. The buds are purple-pink, form apical racemose inflorescences. The area of ​​growth is wide. It is used to treat various ailments and is a raw material for making tea.

1. red clover

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 80 cm. The stem is erect, highly branched. Leaf blades are oval in shape and collected in threes. The buds are collected in spherical inflorescences, painted in pink and raspberry colors. Nitrogen fixer. Used as a honey plant, fodder and medicinal plant.

1. bluebell

A two-year representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 70 cm. The stem is straight, slightly covered with small leaves that have a regular arrangement. The buds are purple, collected in inflorescences-panicles. A rare protected plant that grows in temperate climates.

1. Field barnacle

Perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 80 cm.

The stem is erect, ending in a single blue-lilac flower.

Leaf blades form a basal rosette and have a lanceolate shape. Good honey plant.

1. Lily of the valley

Perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 40 cm and belonging to the genus Liliaceae. The stem is thin, glabrous, erect. Leaf blades are large, oval-elongated, form a basal rosette, from which a thin stem with small white flowers emerges.

The buds form a spike-shaped inflorescence and are shaped like bells.

A rare protected species, listed in the Red Book.

1. Common flax

An annual representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 80 cm. The stem is thin, erect, ends with a pedicel with blue flower. Leaf blades are small, arranged in pairs along the entire stem. The seeds are edible and used to make oil. The stem is a source of fibers for the production of fabrics.

1. common flax

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 90 cm. The stem is straight, densely covered with small pointed leaves. The buds are pale yellow with an orange centre.

1. Lupine

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing in the form of a shrub and reaching a length of 120 centimeters. The stems are straight, strong, ending in racemose peduncles of blue-violet color. Leaf blades are palmate, form a basal rosette and partially cover the stem. It grows well in central Russia.

1. Mother and stepmother

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 30 cm. The stem is erect, ending in a peduncle with a single yellow flower. Leaf blades are smooth on top, pubescent below, form a basal rosette that appears after the flower wilts.

1. Dandelion

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 60 cm. The stem is erect, hollow inside, contains milky juice and ends with a single bright yellow flower. Leaf blades, elongated in the form of a feather, form a basal rosette.

1. pharmaceutical camomile

An annual representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 60 cm. The stem is straight, branched at the base, ending in a flower with white petals and a yellow core.

Leaf blades are elongated narrow and carved. Has found application in folk and traditional medicine and cosmetology.

1. Spiraea

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 80 cm. Leaf blades on long legs are palmate in shape. The buds are small, numerous, painted in white and pink.

1. yarrow

A perennial representative of meadow flowers, having the appearance of a shrub, belonging to Compositae. The stem is straight, covered with feathery compound leaves and ends in numerous inflorescences with baskets, with white or pink-white flowers.

1. Chicory ordinary

Perennial representative of meadow flowers, reaching a length of one and a half meters. The stem is straight, very strong, branching and ending in numerous blue-blue flowers.

Leaf blades form a basal rosette and partially cover the stem. The area of ​​growth is very wide. Used in cooking and as a medicinal plant. The roots are used to make a drink that tastes like coffee.

1. Thyme

A perennial representative of meadow flowers with a creeping stem, growing up to 40 cm. The stem is covered with small oval-shaped leaves and ends in pink-purple inflorescences. All parts of the plant are very fragrant and are used for tea, as a condiment, in medicine and cosmetology.

1. Echinacea

Perennial representative of meadow flowers, reaching a meter height. The stem is straight and rough. Leaf blades are wide, oval in shape. The buds are large, up to fifteen centimeters in diameter, collected in basket inflorescences. The color of flowers covers all shades of pink or red-brown.

1. Eschsolzia

Perennial representative of meadow flowers, growing up to 45 cm. Very photophilous. Buds are white or orange, cupped. It begins to bloom early, from the beginning of June and blooms until frost.

Rules for the preparation of medicinal plants

1. it is necessary to collect plants in well-defined terms;
2. collect in sunny weather, after complete drying of the dew;
3. collect clean plants, away from sources of pollution;
4. after harvesting, the grass is washed in cold water;
5. during drying, use shading from the sun or electric dryers, setting the temperature to no more than 50 ° C;
6. drying is done until brittle. Under-dried parts of the plant may become covered molds and lose their power;
7. you need to store the grass in paper or fabric bags for no more than two years.