Temperature standards in the bathroom according to the decree. The optimum temperature in the apartment in winter: the norm according to the law

The temperature in the apartment heating season is not always comfortable for residents. Practice shows that management companies often do not monitor the proper provision of their services.

And even when a person pays for heating in good faith, in fact there may be cold batteries in his apartment. But the temperature in the apartment during the heating season is regulated by GOST standards. And ignoring them is a violation of consumer rights, for which he can recover from management company compensation (or force a recalculation). But what should be the temperature in the apartment and what to do if it does not meet the stated standards?

Room temperature standards

According to the established standards GOST R-51617-2000 and SanPiN 2.1.2.2645-10, in heating period the air temperature in the apartment should be between 18-24 degrees Celsius, for corner rooms the minimum is 20 degrees. For non-residential rooms - the following:

• bathroom and bathroom - 18-26 degrees (optimal - 19-21);
• kitchen - 18-26 degrees (optimal - 22-24);
• landing and lobby - at least 16 degrees;
• lift - at least 5 degrees;
• attic, basement - at least 4 degrees (if any).

At the same time, it is assumed that the air temperature in the apartment at night can drop below the minimum by no more than 3 degrees (that is, up to 15). But only from 00:00 to 06:00 hours.

There is also the concept of an upper temperature limit of 26 degrees. According to the standards of the Ministry of Health, this is already an overestimated norm at which a person feels uncomfortable. If there is such a temperature in the apartment in winter, then this is also a reason to receive compensation for the improper provision of services.

How to measure the temperature correctly?

You can measure the temperature yourself using a conventional alcohol thermometer. The measurement itself must be carried out according to the following rules:

• distance from outer wall- not less than 1 meter;
• distance from the floor - at least 1.5 meters.

In the same way, measurements and commissions are made in residential premises, organized by the management company in case of a complaint about a temperature discrepancy.

It is important to note that most household appliances to measure have allowable rate deviations. For the same alcohol thermometers, it is 2 degrees, for electronic ones - up to 0.5 degrees.

In fact, this indicator must be added to the resulting one (or subtracted if we are talking about excessively high temperatures). If it is still less than 18 degrees (or more than 26), then we can safely talk about a violation of consumer rights.

Who is responsible?

Full responsibility for non-compliance with the temperature in the apartment during the heating period lies with the management company, to which the house is assigned. This does not apply to the following cases:

The temperature standards in the apartment during the heating and non-heating season cannot be adjusted independently by the management company or local authorities. In some regions, there were cases when private utility companies provided homeowners with documents that they had an agreement with the administration according to other standards. This is also a violation of the law.

What is the responsibility of the management company? For every hour of temperature deviation in the apartment, the homeowner has the right to receive a discount of 0.15% for the monthly payment for the service. In fact, if the problem is not fixed within a month, then in the overall standings he will pay less than 10% for heating.

But proving this is extremely difficult. In such cases, experts recommend initially complaining directly to the management company, and at the same time defending their rights through the courts. Subsequently, compensation can also be requested for legal costs, medical services (if someone fell ill due to the low temperature in the family and this is proven).

In order to be able to complain about the management company, the owner of the apartment (or the tenant registered in it) is required to provide a protocol with measurements drawn up by the commission. It indicates:

• date of compilation;
• characteristics of the apartment;
• members of the commission;
• device data (name and serial number, date of last Maintenance, if carried out);
• minimum and maximum recorded temperature (measurements are carried out in several rooms, as well as in the kitchen, in the bathroom);
• signatures of all members of the commission and the applicant.

2 copies of the protocol are made. One is left to the applicant, the second commission takes itself.

Regardless of what temperature should be in the apartment during the heating period, for comfortable living normal air exchange in the room is also important. GOST R-51617-2000 standards also regulate this indicator. According to him, the rate of air exchange for apartment buildings is:

• 3m3 each square meter living area;
• 6 m 3 for each square meter of the kitchen (9m 3 if installed gas stove with 2 burners, 12m 3 if the pipe is with 4 burners).

Unfortunately, it is impossible to independently measure and identify the "malfunction". Therefore, you will have to contact the management company so that they carry out all necessary measurements and, in case of violation of the standards, made a protocol.

Where to complain?

Complain about the violation of rights by the management company should be in:

• prosecutor's office;
• housing inspection (organized by local governments);
• consumer protection department.

In extreme cases, you can apply to the courts, but backing up the application with acts of measurements, a copy of the registration of the application (to the management company).

In total, heating standards in a residential apartment do exist and management companies are required to adhere to them. Failure to comply is a violation of consumer rights and may result in the revocation of an earlier license.

One of the main tasks of the employer can be considered the provision of a favorable microclimate in the workplace.

However, many employers do not comply temperature requirements thus violating the law.

What should be the temperature in the room according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation?

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Is the employer obligated to monitor the temperature in the room?

Article 212 can answer this question, according to which the employer will be held administratively liable for sanitary work not carried out on time.

The list of these measures also includes compliance with the temperature regime established by the Sanitary Norms and Rules (SanPiN), as it is too low or vice versa heat can lead to a decrease in energy levels and, as a result, its performance.

Accordingly, if the employer evades this obligation, he violates the law and must be punished.

We can say that the employer is obliged to monitor the temperature during the entire working period.

Temperature regimes at different times of the year

The temperature in the room in the summer, according to the Labor Code, should not be higher than:

• 28 degrees Celsius for 8 hours of operation.
• 30 degrees Celsius for 5 hours of operation.
• 31 degrees Celsius for 3 hours of operation.
• 32 degrees Celsius for 2 hours of operation.
• 32.5 degrees Celsius for 1 hour of operation.

Working at temperatures above 32.5 degrees is considered dangerous. The employer has some way to avoid the heat, namely: install special equipment (air conditioners, fans) in the work premises or reduce the number of working hours by special order.

The room temperature in winter time according to the Labor Code, it should not fall below 20 degrees Celsius. If it does not meet the standards, the employer must install a heater in the workroom or reduce the number of working hours. Labor Code establishes the following temporary standards at low temperatures:

• no more than 7 hours of operation at 19 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 6 hours of operation at 18 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 5 hours of operation at 17 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 4 hours of operation at 16 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 3 hours of operation at 15 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 2 hours of operation at 14 degrees Celsius.
• no more than 1 hour of operation at 13 degrees Celsius.

Labor regulations have established that working at temperatures below 13 degrees Celsius is dangerous.

Summarizing the above data, we can say that the temperature in the room in summer period should not exceed 28 degrees Celsius, and in winter period should not fall below 20 degrees Celsius.

What should an employee do if the employer does not comply with the temperature regime?

Salaried workers often face negligent attitude of the employer. What to do in this case? There are several options:

• ask the employer to normalize the temperature with the help of equipment (air conditioning, heater)
• demand a reduction in hours of work in accordance with the regulations
• file a complaint with the CPS
• ask for help from the labor inspectorate

With the last two options, a special check will be conducted at the place of work, during which it will be established whether an offense has been committed.

As a result, we can say that the employee has several legitimate methods of influencing.

What punishment threatens the employer for non-compliance with the temperature regime?

In accordance with the Code of Administrative offenses, the employer who violated sanitary norms, will be fined up to 20 thousand rubles, or its activities will be suspended for a certain period.

Not only well-being, but also the state of human health depends on how comfortable the temperature in the apartment is. That is why scientists have identified certain norms that are considered optimal for room temperatures.

What should be the temperature in the room

AT different countries and cities, the norm of a comfortable temperature regime is different, and this is due, first of all, to the climatic features of the area. To determine what air temperature is optimal for a particular room, you also need to consider how humid the air is in it.

In addition, it is worth noting that depending on the season, the microclimate also changes. For example, in winter, the apartment is heated with a battery and the temperature in it is slightly lower than in summer, when heating replaces the warm sun.

In the cold season, the air in the room should be warmed up to +22 degrees Celsius, and in the warm season - up to +25. At first glance, this difference may seem insignificant, but in fact it is not.

Room temperature

Perhaps it is no secret to anyone that the air in the apartment is heated unevenly. The temperature regime largely depends on what is the function of the room?

Additionally, it should be noted that temperature regime be sure to maintain in all rooms and at the same time try so that when moving from one room to another, you do not feel too strong changes in air temperature. A normal and comfortable temperature regime for a person implies that by moving, for example, from the living room to the kitchen, you will not feel a significant difference, as the temperature will change max 2 degrees to one side or the other.

Temperature regime for newborns

In the development of the baby, the conditions surrounding him play almost one of the most important roles and that is why it is necessary to observe the proper temperature regime in the room in which the child rests and spends most of his time. In order for the newborn not to get sick and his health not to be shaken, it is important not only to avoid hypothermia, but also excessive overheating.

The temperature norm for a baby also depends on its physical data:

1. A newborn born right on time and without any abnormalities will feel comfortable at 19°-21°C.
2. A premature baby requires more attention and therefore the air temperature in his bedroom should be approximately 24 ° -25 ° C.

What causes hypothermia or excessive overheating of the child's body

Room temperature for newborns should be comfortable and comply with the standard according to GOST. After all, heat in infants is released more intensely than in older children and they sweat more, because of this, the child's body loses the water and mineral salts it needs.

In order to prevent this from happening, you need to carefully monitor how much the air in the room warms up. It is also worth noting that there are a number of symptoms indicating that newborn overheated:

• The child's body temperature is slightly higher than normal
• The newborn begins to breathe through the mouth
• The baby's breathing is difficult due to the appearance of hard crusts in the nose
• Redness and diaper rash appear in the folds on the skin
• The baby may have a tummy ache

Due to even a slight hypothermia, a newborn can get sick, so you need to ensure that the temperature in the child’s bedroom does not drop even a couple of degrees.

How to create a comfortable temperature for the baby

Usually the temperature in the apartment does not fall below 18 - 20 degrees. With the exception of the period when the heating in the apartments has only recently been turned off or is about to be turned on.

Therefore, if you notice that the air in the room has become too cold and the newborn is freezing, you need to artificially “warm up” the room. In addition, it will also be useful to additionally warm the baby itself by covering it with a warm blanket or blanket.

We all know what the temperature should be in a baby’s room, but what if in the summer it’s indoors getting too hot? The answer to this question is simple: you need to give the child plenty of water, remove excess clothing from him and wipe with water. All these simple actions will help to avoid overheating.

In conclusion, it is worth noting that, despite the personal preferences of each person, doctors still recommend adhering to generally established norms. This is due to the fact that overheating or hypothermia is harmful not only for the body of a newborn baby, but also for the health of an adult.

In autumn and winter, when temperatures drop to 8 degrees and below, and keeps at this mark for more than five days in a row, organs local government announce Start heating season.

Unfortunately, a rare service provider has clearly regulated heating system.
When the temperature in the apartment differs little from the temperature outside the window, or vice versa, the batteries are red-hot and even open windows do not really save, you should not sit idly by. Guided SNiPOM (Sanitary regulations and regulations), refer to public utilities with a claim.

Heating standard

To protect your own interests and in order to pay for quality, not numbers on the receipt, check out the existing standards admissible and for the period heating season:

• 25 degrees in showers and bathrooms rooms, as cold and high adversely affect human health. However, it is also possible 18 , and 26 degrees in extreme norm values. The same regulation is established for rooms that combine a toilet and a bathroom;
• norm for residential premises - 20 — 22 degrees, let's assume a spread from 18 before 24 degrees;
• in toilet and kitchen lower limit of normal 18 degrees, top 26 degrees;
• in rooms located at the corners of buildings - from 20 degrees;
• on the stairwells allowed temperature from 14 before 20 degrees;
• cellars and attics - 4 degrees of heat.

Important: at the request of the customer-builder flights of stairs may not be heated if the apartments have heating systems. The same applies to areas with favorable climatic conditions, where the winter temperature does not fall below five degrees. ( SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning").

Families with children should take into account that for the healthy development of the child should be at least 21 degrees, for newborns - from 24 degrees and higher. If necessary, you can get the degrees with the help of autonomous heaters.

But, if the heating season has come, and when you come home, you take off your fur coat and put on a sheepskin coat and felt boots - measure room temperature.

How to take measurements correctly?

First of all, stock up on patience and a thermometer. In each room with a frequency of 60 minutes, the temperature should be measured at an altitude of one and a half meters from the floor and meters from the outside wall of the room. Be sure to compose Act measurements taken in 2 copies.

It should be noted that, according to Government Decree No. 354, at night the deviation can be up to three degrees from the norm, and in the daytime - from five morning until twelve night, it is forbidden to lower the temperature below the maximum allowed values.

Minimum 18 degrees for residential and 20 for residential corner rooms, in other rooms - in accordance with the standards. Exceeding the maximum permitted temperature is allowed no more than on 4 degrees.

Advice: if an accident occurs on the heating main, the heat supply to the apartments should not be interrupted for more than 16 hours. During the month, the total number of hours without heating should not be over 24.

In the event of a temperature violation, cooperate with neighbors and take measurements throughout the heating tower. The indicators of several apartments will be a strong argument for recalculating the cost of heating.

When the drafted act falls into the hands of representatives of the housing and communal services, a examination quality. Utilities will form a commission and conduct measurements on one's own.

Since it is not in their interests to recalculate for a service that does not comply with regulations, it may turn out that on the day the commission arrives, your apartment will look like a tropical paradise.

In this case, signed by neighbors will come in handy. Act. The possibility is not ruled out judicial conflict resolution.

Be sure to check the certificate of the device, which the commission will use to measure, register and verify it. The error of the device should not exceed the parameter in 0,1 degrees. The actions of the committee must be "Method of control" GOST 30494-96, paragraph 4:

• measurements are made at outdoor temperature air no higher than 5 degrees;
• in clear weather during daylight hours, measurements are not taken;
• during manual measurements. temperature is recorded at least three times with an interval of 5 minutes;
• in automatic mode, indicators are taken within 2 hours;
• average value measurements are taken as the final temperature.

When fixing the supply of services inadequate quality, to restore the standard temperature regime is given no more than seven calendar days.

Note: in case of deviation of the maximum permissible parameters, the recalculation for heating is 0,15% from the cost of the service for each degree of deviation of the billing period.

It may happen that the heat supply to the apartment is in accordance with the design standards, but more comfortable it doesn't come from it. In this case, you should pay attention to the thermal contour of housing - everything that, one way or another, borders on the outer perimeter of the premises.

How to achieve the optimal temperature in the apartment?

First of all, make sure windows and doors are reliably join with walls. Even small gaps contribute to the cooling of the premises. If joints leaky, insulate with any improvised means, including cotton wool and adhesive tape.

Owners of modern split systems you only need to set a certain temperature parameter, and smart technology will provide comfort.

If the thermal circuit hermetic, and the operators of the boiler room conscientiously fulfill their duties, timely ventilation will save from stuffiness. So the degree will drop, and the rooms fresh air will be filled.

For lack of a better way, you can use either gas. True, you will have to catch up with the temperature to the norm at your own expense, in addition to the heating bill.

On sale appeared thermostats, the principle of operation of which is similar to the algorithm of split systems, but the regulator is connected to the main coolant. Third party resources such as electricity, not involved

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The temperature regime of the apartment depends on many factors. Therefore, it is necessary to check it regularly and, if necessary, make changes. How to do it right - later in the article.

The microclimate of the premises can significantly affect the health of residents. There are certain norms according to the regulations of SanPiN and GOST temperature conditions different rooms. Therefore, you need to know what air temperature should be in the apartment in each of the rooms:

Infographic: temperature standards for different rooms

• Bedroom, children's and other rooms for sleeping - a temperature indicator of 17-18 degrees. Thus, it will be possible to avoid causeless headaches and insomnia;
• In the kitchen, the best indicator would be 18-19 degrees, because. this room is equipped with appliances like kitchen stove, microwave, electric kettle and others that generate heat;
• Hall, living room and other rooms - the optimum temperature is 18-22 degrees;
• Children's room should have an indicator of 21-22 degrees. If the baby's room, then it should be warmer - up to 24 degrees;

The temperature in the nursery should be higher than in the adult bedroom

• The bathroom is the wettest room, so the indicator should be 24-26. In this way, dampness and health problems associated with showering in the cold can be avoided.

Comfortable temperature in the apartment is a uniform distribution of heat throughout the room. temperature difference adjoining rooms should not exceed 2-3 degrees.

Video: what temperature is optimal for a children's room

Temperature Determinants

The room air temperature depends on many external and internal factors. They play a significant role external factors such as climate and the change of seasons.

Optimum temperature in an apartment in the northern region is significantly different from the southern. Speaking of climate, we mean not only air temperature, but also humidity and pressure. At high humidity, optimal indicator temperature is higher.

The temperature in the apartment during the heating season is lower than in summer. The weather outside significantly affects the microclimate inside the apartment. Average rates for different seasons:

• Cold time: 19−22 degrees;
• Hot time: 22-25 degrees.

Due to seasonality and temperature fluctuations, many people may feel discomfort.

The human factor also significantly affects the definition normal temperature in home. If a newborn child lives in the apartment, then it is necessary to exclude temperature drops and too low or high performance. If there are problems with heating, then it is necessary to draw up an act of measurement DHW temperature in an apartment, a sample of which is easy to find on the Internet.

Influence of internal factors on temperature

Features of the room and the heating system determine the temperature in the apartment in winter and summer. The microclimate is affected by:

• Heat loss. To reduce heat loss, insulation, cladding of the house and installation of energy-saving double-glazed windows are carried out. Windows play a big role in saving heat;

Temperature distribution chart in the apartment

• Volume of elements heating system. Large batteries give significantly more heat. If you decide to add sections, it is better to contact a specialist. Adding new sections will lower the pressure in the heat exchanger system. Such heating is uneven and inefficient;
• The speed of the heating system. Directly depends on the pressure in the system. Slow circulation of the coolant contributes to heat loss;
• System layout. The wiring of heating pipes is a serious process that determines the temperature in the apartment. The problem may be in the wiring diagram itself, the installation of system elements and suitable diameter pipes.

Important: if part of the battery is cold, you need to contact a specialist to check the whole system. The battery must be heated evenly.

Measurement of heat in the room and registration of the act

The temperature of the apartment is measured in several rooms. It is necessary to measure the temperature on a not sunny day in order to exclude additional heating of the room. All windows and Entrance door must be closed for measurement accuracy. If after self-determination temperature, indicators are below permissible, you should contact the emergency service. Workers arrive on site and control measurement. Based on it, an act of measuring the DHW temperature is drawn up, which indicates:

• the date;
• description of the apartment;
• a list of members of the inspection commission and their signatures;
• registration and other documents of the device for measurements;
• temperature indicators

Sample act of measuring the temperature in the apartment

You need to measure the temperature yourself correctly. For this, an ordinary thermometer is used. For accurate measurements, the device must not be lowered below 1.5 m from the floor, and kept closer than 1 m from outer wall. The accuracy class of the device must be at least 0.1. A thermometer of this class has a special passport, which certifies the correctness of the readings.

Temperature in one-room apartment, the window of which is larger than 30% of the wall area, can be measured once, away from the window.

Temperature control

Modern technology allows you to clearly control the temperature of the room. But without using complex technologies, humanity has long been regulating the microclimate. If the apartment is hot, it is enough to open the window so that cold air currents fill the room. To increase the air temperature in the apartment, convectors with incandescent spirals, electric fireplaces and other heating devices are used.

Air conditioners, split systems, climate control devices allow you to increase or decrease the level of heat in the apartment, creating a favorable temperature for people.

The thermostat allows you to maintain the desired temperature in the heating system

Modern batteries are equipped with a special regulator, which is extremely easy to manage. The valve is attached directly to the place where the coolant is supplied to the battery, and regulates the flow of hot substance in the system.

Recommendation: modern batteries are not only practical, but also economical. The use of new materials and methods of wiring channels in the heat exchanger allows you to warm it up to the maximum at minimal cost energy.

The effect of temperature on the well-being of residents

The normal temperature for each person is different. However, it is imperative to adhere to the norms, and not personal preferences, since adverse temperatures can adversely affect a person. A significant difference in heat in the street and indoors can lead to:

• overheating;
• hypothermia.

Unfavorable sleeping temperature annoying nervous system human body. Sudden changes affect the cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is so important to know how many degrees of heat are optimal in a room in winter, and how much in summer.

Overheating of the body

Pathogenic bacteria multiply favorably in a warm environment. As a result, people are often infectious diseases summer. The human cardiovascular system works intensively in a hot atmosphere, as blood thickens. This results in problems with blood pressure and heart.

When overheated, the body loses moisture through its abundant secretion from the sebaceous glands. In this case, severe dehydration can occur, as a result of a violation of the water-salt balance of the body.

Dry air at high temperatures can also cause many diseases, in particular respiratory problems. All kinds of allergic reactions are more destructive to a dehydrated body.

Hypothermia of the body

Hypothermia, in the people hypothermia, negatively affects the body holistically, and can cause many diseases. A supercooled organism is not able to generate sufficient temperature for full functioning. Body temperature in such cases is below 36.0 degrees. Children's body is not capable of great heat transfer, so the decrease in temperature in children occurs much faster.

Against the background of hypothermia, respiratory diseases can easily develop. Chronic forms of diseases are not uncommon, since the long-term effect of low temperature on the body is destructive to all life support systems.

If the temperature in the apartment is slightly below normal, healthy body people get hardened, which actively enhances immunity.

Video: temperature standards in the apartment

Unacceptable temperature in the apartment negatively affects the health of residents. Therefore, it is important to know how to correctly measure the temperature of the room, and whether it is acceptable for living. If the thermometer reading is below or above normal, it is necessary to take measures regarding temperature adjustment. It is necessary to carefully monitor the temperature of housing if an infant or child lives in it. preschool age because they are the most temperature sensitive.