How to use a quartz lamp correctly. Disinfection and quartzization of premises

Methodical material for the treatment room nurse.(MY CRIB)

The role of a nurse in the process of treating a patient, especially in a hospital, cannot be overestimated. Fulfilling doctor's prescriptions, caring for seriously ill patients, carrying out many, sometimes quite complex, manipulations - all this is the direct responsibility of the nursing staff. The nurse also participates in the examination of the patient, preparing him for various surgical interventions, works in the operating room as an anesthetist or operating nurse, monitors the patient in intensive care units and intensive care units. All this places high demands not only on the knowledge and practical skills of a nurse, but also on her moral character, the ability to behave in a team, when communicating with patients and their relatives.

The nurse must strictly follow the instructions of the doctor and strictly observe not only the dosage of the medicine and the duration of the procedures, but also their sequence. When prescribing the time or frequency of administration of drugs, the doctor takes into account the duration of their action, the possibility of combining with other drugs. Therefore, negligence or error can be extremely dangerous for the patient and lead to irreversible consequences.

Modern medical institutions are equipped with new diagnostic and medical equipment. Nurses should not only know what this or that device is for, but also be able to use it, especially if it is installed in the ward. When performing complex manipulations nurse if she does not feel well prepared for this or is in doubt about something, she should not hesitate to ask for help and advice from more experienced colleagues. In the same way, a nurse who is well versed in technique, one or another manipulation, is obliged to help her less experienced comrades master this technique. Self-confidence, arrogance and arrogance are unacceptable when it comes to human health and life. An obligatory quality of a nurse should be the desire to constantly improve their skills, deepen knowledge, and acquire new skills. This should be facilitated by the general atmosphere medical institution, which plays an important role in the formation of a highly qualified and responsible employee, the development of high moral character, humanism and the ability with all their behavior to contribute to the return of health and ability to work to a sick person.

Infection control is a system of effective preventive and anti-epidemic measures aimed at preventing the occurrence and spread of hospital infections, based on the results of epidemic diagnostics.

The goal of infection control is to reduce the morbidity, mortality and economic impact of nosocomial infections. A hospital infection is any infectious disease that manifests itself in a hospital setting. Hospital-acquired infections also include cases of infection of medical workers of healthcare facilities that have arisen as a result of their professional activities.

To prevent nosocomial infection, the nurse must:

store separately outerwear and overalls,

Do not go out in overalls outside the territory of the hospital,

Do not wear overalls during off-duty hours.

Work in the treatment room begins with the current cleaning.

The procedural nurse removes jewelry (watches, bracelets and rings) from her hands. She puts her hair under a hat and puts on a mask.

Routine cleaning of the treatment room carried out at least 2 times a day, more often if necessary: ​​in the morning before the start of the working day and at the end of the work shift. Wet cleaning should always be combined with disinfection and bactericidal irradiation of the room. For disinfection, any disinfectants approved for use and available, according to the methodological instructions for the solution, can be used.

A nurse or nurse puts on a gown and gloves for cleaning. A disinfectant solution is poured into a special container and a clean rag is placed for surface treatment. All surfaces are wiped in strict sequence - a table for sterile material, cabinets for sterile solutions, equipment, manipulation tables, chairs, couches for patients, walls at arm's length (1.5m) from the window to the door.

For cleaning, specially allocated cleaning equipment is used, which has a clear marking indicating the room, type of cleaning work and a specially allocated storage area.

Hygienic treatment of hands with a skin antiseptic should be carried out in the following cases: before direct contact with the patient

Before putting on sterile gloves and after removing gloves when placing a central intravascular catheter or intravenous injections and other procedures related to the integrity of the skin.

Hygienic treatment of hands with a skin antiseptic (without pre-washing them) is carried out by rubbing it into the skin of the hands in the amount recommended by the instructions for use, paying Special attention on the treatment of the fingertips, the skin around the nails, between the fingers. An indispensable condition for effective hand disinfection is keeping them moist for the recommended treatment time.

Pay attention to how you wash your hands:

Before using the product in the dispenser, pay attention if an active substance with a washing effect is added to the instructions, which means that you do not need to wash your hands with soap before using the solution, after drying your hands with a disposable towel, put on Art. gloves;

If the bottle says liquid soap with an antiseptic effect, then after washing your hands, dry with a disposable towel and put on Art. gloves;

If it is written that it is a skin antiseptic, then wash your hands with soap for the time specified in the manual for using soap

M / s washes his hands under running water with soap for at least 2 minutes. (the time for soaping hands is indicated in the manuals for the specific name of the product used). Dries hands with a sterile napkin or disposable towel and the same towel or napkin with which we wiped our hands, turn off the tap with water, and if there is no sterile napkin, then 10 grams 70 grams are provided to cover a large sterile table. alcohol, and a mini table 3.0 pour alcohol on your hands and dry your hands by firmly rubbing alcohol into your palms, put on sterile gloves.

Sterile table setting: Be sure to have a tag on the bix, on which it is written what is in the bix and in what quantity, because after sterilization the letters written are often erased, you need to constantly update them, and the date and time of sterilization and the date and time of opening the bix must also be indicated. If the kit is sterilized in kraft paper, then the date and time of opening is written on paper, kraft paper is used for sterilization once.

Before removing the sterilized instrument materials (before opening the bixes):

Visually assess the tightness of the closure of the lid of the sterilization box or the integrity of the sterilization packaging for a single use;

Check the color of indicator marks of chemical indicators, including those on sterilization packaging materials;

Check the date of sterilization;

On the bix tag, the packaging bag put the date, time of opening and the signature of the person who opened it.

In the sterilization register, the bix number, the presence of medical products, the time of opening the bix (package) must be written and the sterilization quality indicator taken from the inside of the opened bix (package) is glued.

Before preparing sterile minitables, the nurse treats (hygienic treatment) the hands with an alcohol-containing skin antiseptic according to the technology

wears sterile gloves. Covering the big tool table(after processing the hands, the m / s puts on a sterile gown, sterile gloves) takes out two sterile sheets from the bix with tweezers, each of which is folded in half, laid out on the left and right halves of the table in places of the fold - against the wall. The sheets are overlapped in such a way that in the center of the table the edges of one sheet overlap another sheet by at least 10 cm, and the edges of the sheets on all sides of the table hang down by about 15 cm. On top of these sheets, a third sheet is laid out in an expanded form so that its edges hang down at least 25 cm. The table with the instruments laid out on it is covered from above with a sterile sheet folded in half along the length of the sheet, or with two sheets unfolded. A large sterile table is set for 6 hours.

In treatment rooms, a mini sterile table is set for 2 hours.

The first tray (ministol) with sterile material

The second tray (ministol) for temporary storage of syringes

On sterile table or mini trays should be marked with the date and time of the sterile table setting.

After studying the prescription sheet, m / s, prepares ampoules with a drug, a package with gloves, syringes in a package. He washes his hands, shakes out the syringe from the bag onto a tray for temporary storage of sterile material, treats his hands with an antiseptic, puts on sterile gloves, pours alcohol on a sterile cotton swab, wipes the neck of the ampoule, and vials with the drug, file the ampoules with a dry sterile cotton swab, break off the filed tip of the ampoule.

We treat hands with an antiseptic

With your right hand, take the needle by the plastic cap and rotate the needle sleeve onto the syringe and grind well. If necessary, put the assembled syringe on a sterile diaper;

Take the ampoule/vial left hand, the right to insert the needle put on the syringe is typed right amount preparation, tilting them as necessary;

Remove air bubbles from the syringe by turning the syringe vertically with the needle up, pressing on the piston, gradually squeeze the air out of the syringe;

It is unacceptable to press sterile cotton balls to the neck of a bottle of alcohol or squeeze a ball moistened with alcohol into a common container with alcohol by hand, moisten a large batch of cotton balls with alcohol in advance and store them for a long time;

In the course of work with the patient, the rules of professional safety are strictly observed.

Injections are performed in sterile rubber gloves, with their change after each patient;

Caps of vials, ampoules before opening are treated with a sterile swab moistened with 70g. ethyl alcohol;

The skin at the injection site is sequentially treated with two sterile cotton swabs with 70g. ethyl alcohol: first a large area, then directly

injection site;

After the injection, a new sterile swab is applied to the wound surface;

For each injection, 2 needles are used (for dilution and collection of injection solution and for injection);

When carrying out parenteral manipulations in the ward, including setting up systems, a mobile instrumental table is used, on the top shelf of which a sterile mini-tray is assembled, on which there is a syringe with the collected medicine between two layers of a sterile diaper, as well as sterile gauze wipes and cotton balls, for injection on a specific sick. There is also a bottle with 70gr. alcohol and a bag of sterile gloves. On the bottom shelf is a container for used material.

The nurse takes the charged system to the ward along with the instrument table, then washes her hands in the treatment room. In the ward, the patient is tied a tourniquet on his hand, treats his hands with an antiseptic (at this time, the patient works with his fist to better see the vein for injection). He puts on sterile gloves, moistens a sterile cotton swab with an antiseptic, wipes the injection site twice according to the scheme, makes an intravenous injection, fixes the system, covers the needle with a sterile gauze.

After the end of the dropper, the needle is removed, a cotton swab with alcohol is applied to the injection site. The system is removed from the bottle and carefully placed in the tray for the used material without disconnecting the needle from the system. All used material on the instrument table is returned to the treatment room. Where the gloved m/s takes the clip and carefully removes the needle from the system and places it in a puncture-proof container for disinfecting the needles, the remains medicines from the system drains into a container for biological fluid. Then the system is placed in a container for disinfection of systems, the syringe is washed in container 1 for washing syringes and placed in container 2 for disinfecting syringes.

It is unacceptable to return unused sterile material to the general packaging;

9. Wipe the washed refrigerator dry with a cloth.

Treatment of germicidal lamps during general cleaning

1. The body of the germicidal lamp is treated with the same disinfection. means by which I process surfaces, and the glass part is treated with 95g. alcohol at the rate of 5g. for one large lamp, for small 2.5g.

2. Once a month, the lamp frame is treated with a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution per 1 liter 5g. detergent.

3. During current cleaning the frame of the lamp is wiped with disinfectant. means for surface treatment, and the glass part of the lamp is wiped with a dry sterile cloth.

When carrying out general cleaning, 3 rags are used (1st for a soap-soda solution, the 2nd one is applied with a disinfectant, the 3rd (sterile) disinfectant is washed off after exposure), General cleaning is carried out according to the schedule approved by the head. department. Responsible person for general cleaning is the head nurse of the department. In the notebook of Gen. cleanings on the first sheet must be written the footage of the surface to be treated, the required amount of disinfectant, also during the current cleaning and the approximate start time of the general cleaning, so that there is no overlay with a register of cabinet quartzization after the gene. cleaning.

Now the calculation of disinfectants in the journal of general cleaning.

The senior m / s should have calculations for disinfectants for cleaning all the premises of the department or offices of the clinic. Since the cleaning of all premises except office rooms (staff rooms, office of senior m / s, etc.) is carried out using disinfectants. Therefore, you need to make a folder in which manuals and certificates for disinfectants used in the department, as well as calculations for all premises, will be stored. At st. m / s there should be data on the need for disinfectants for 1,3,6 months.

So that at any moment she could present them to the main m / s for the purchase for the future, knowing her balance. Also, do not forget about the disinfection of waste materials and medical products, etc., and pre-sterilization processing of instruments

To calculate disinfectants, it is necessary to know the area of ​​\u200b\u200ball rooms.

1. S - area

2. L - cabinet length

3. H - cabinet height

4. D - cabinet width

for example

S - floor 6x4 = 24m. x 2 (if the ceiling is being washed)

L - 6 meters x 2 (2 walls)

D - 4 meters x 2 (2 walls)

H - 2.5 meters for gen. cleaning on current cleaning take a height of 1.5m.

Find out the area of ​​​​all surfaces of the walls and floor

1) Walls in length 6 x 2.5 x 2 = 30m2

2) Walls in width, taking into account windows and doors (window area can be subtracted at the end) 4 x 2.5 x2 = 20m2

3) Floor 6x4 + ceiling 6x4 = 48m2

S=30+20+48=98m2

Do not forget that during the gene. cleaning, refrigerators, cabinets, tables, chairs, couches and other furniture are washed.

All disinfectant solutions for wiping are taken 100 ml. per 1 sq. m.

The advantage of ultraviolet irradiation (UVR) is a multifaceted therapeutic and prophylactic effect on the human body.

General UVR is prescribed by pediatricians as a general strengthening procedure and for the prevention of rickets in children, since vitamin D is formed in the skin under the action of ultraviolet radiation. In case of inflammation of the joints, skin, mucous membranes of the nasopharynx and palatine tonsils, local ultraviolet irradiation is often indicated.

The bactericidal effect of ultraviolet radiation is also used for disinfection of premises. It is most pronounced at a wavelength of 265–254 nm.

Which UV sources to choose for kindergarten

Medium- and short-wave devices with individual attachments for local irradiation (including quartz lamps) are suitable for children's health-improving institutions for the purpose of treating and preventing diseases. Such procedures are prescribed by a doctor, carried out by a physiotherapy nurse.

In ordinary kindergartens, where UV radiation is mainly needed for disinfection of premises, it is better to use recirculators (bactericidal irradiators closed type). If you plan to use one lamp for several rooms, choose a mobile illuminator model.

Manufacturers produce multi-profile germicidal lamps that are suitable for both indoor air disinfection and local irradiation.

Whichever model you choose, be sure to check it out technical specifications and instructions for use.

To protect the eyes during quartzing, special glasses are used that delay up to 100% ultraviolet radiation and transparent in the visible spectrum. The lenses of these glasses are made of special plastics or polycarbonate.

How to work with ultraviolet irradiators

UV irradiators are equipped special glasses, as ordinary glass does not transmit wavelengths less than 320 nm. Previously, quartz glass was used for this purpose, which is transparent to rays up to 214 nm long. Therefore, the treatment with ultraviolet radiation was called quartzization.

Radiation with a wavelength of about 185 nm, when interacting with air, causes the formation of ozone. In high concentrations, it is harmful to the body. Quartz glass transmits such waves, therefore quartzing is prescribed to be carried out only in the absence of people in the room and no more than 30 minutes. After quartzization, the room must be ventilated for 15 minutes to remove ozone residues.

Vocabulary

Electrophthalmia- burn of the cornea of ​​​​the eye with ultraviolet rays. Symptoms: increased lacrimation, photophobia, swelling of the corneal epithelium, blepharospasm

Currently, a special uvio glass is produced, which filters out ozone-forming radiation. Lamps with such glass are called bactericidal.

Closed type irradiators can be turned on in the presence of people, open and combined lamps - only in empty spaces. Recirculators simply “draw” air into themselves and disinfect it inside the device. In lamps open type a source of radiation is visible, which is just as unpleasant and dangerous to look at as, for example, the welding process. With an overdose of ultraviolet radiation, you can get a burn of the cornea of ​​\u200b\u200bthe eyes. Therefore, in a set of open and combined plants goggles are included, and the instructions require you to use them.

Facts

Wavelengths of ultraviolet radiation:

long waves (320-400 nm) - UVA (UV-A);

medium waves (280-310 nm) - UVB (UV-B);

short waves (180-280 nm) - UVC (UV-C).

For therapeutic and prophylactic purposes, medium and short-wave radiation is used.

Regardless of the type of illuminator, keep a log of its operating hours. Be sure to replace lamps that have expired. Store used lamps in special metal boxes, and then hand them over for recycling in the prescribed manner.

If the lamp breaks, collect mercury from the accident site with a rubber can, then treat the floor with a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution.

When operating ultraviolet irradiators, strictly follow the requirements of the data sheet and instructions. Only in this case, the use of UVR will benefit, not harm.

What is the schedule for quartzing

The schedule of quartzing depends on the number of quartz lamps and on the mode of operation of the preschool educational institution.

Example 1. Let's say there is a quartz lamp in each group.

The kindergarten is open from 8:00 to 17:00, and the children remaining after this time are collected in the duty group. In this case, it is convenient to carry out disinfection before the reception of children (7:00-7:30) and after they go home (17:00-17:30). Quartz in the bedroom is not carried out during the children's sleep (9:00-9:30 and 16:00-16:30).

Example 2. In kindergarten, one lamp for several groups.

In this case, make a schedule taking into account the daily regimen - so as to carry out quartzing in the absence of children (when they are on a walk, physical education or music classes). For example, a graph might look like this:

This schedule takes into account the mandatory 15-minute ventilation after quartzing.

What regulates the use of UVR in kindergarten

Kindergarten groups do not belong to premises with an aseptic regime, therefore it is not necessary to equip them with bactericidal installations. In order to ensure proper sanitary conditions, groups are required to conduct regular wet cleaning with disinfectants and ventilate the premises (clause 17.1 SanPiN 2.4.1.3049–13 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the arrangement, maintenance and organization of the work regime of preschool educational organizations", approved. Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated May 15, 2013 No. 26). Under normal circumstances, these measures are sufficient.

In an unfavorable epidemiological situation (for example, during an influenza epidemic), SanPiN 2.4.1.3049–13 allow the use additional measures disinfection in preschools (groups). So medical worker has the right to carry out quartzization of premises intended for the stay of children.

The use of ultraviolet irradiators cannot replace all sanitary and anti-epidemic measures, but can effectively supplement them.

How does UVA affect microbes?

Back in the 19th century, scientists discovered that the growth of microbes stops under the influence of sunlight. Later it turned out that such an effect is achieved when microorganisms are exposed to invisible radiation lying outside the violet region of the spectrum with a wavelength of less than 400 nm. It is called ultraviolet.

UV radiation affects bacterial cells, namely DNA molecules, which causes a violation of the course chemical reactions and the death of most microorganisms and viruses (in particular, pathogens of influenza, parainfluenza, SARS). However, not all microbes are so sensitive to ultraviolet light. Yeast, molds and spores of bacteria are much more resistant than vegetative forms of bacteria. Therefore, quartzization does not provide complete disinfection of the room, especially in places inaccessible to the penetration of rays: blocked by furniture, under rugs, beds, etc.

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Comment

Quartzization is the process of processing (disinfection) of premises, objects, the human body with ultraviolet radiation from a quartz or bactericidal lamp. The use of the term "quartz" is incorrect (paradox), because the bulb of the lamp consists of quartz glass, and during operation, quartz crystals are not sprayed around the room. Quartz glass only transmits ultraviolet radiation, which is not possible with ordinary silicate glass. It also implies inactivation in the air and on surfaces of all infectious microorganisms - such as viruses, bacteria, mold, fungi, yeast, spores, etc. This is achieved by absorbing a dose of ultraviolet radiation by microbial DNA molecules and leads to their immediate death.

Quartz can be divided into groups:

• Quartzization of air and surfaces in the room.
• Quartzization of objects, sterilization of medical instruments.
• General quartzization - the whole human body.
• Local (local) quartzization - separate parts of the body (ear-nose-throat, skin).

Effect

As a result of quartzization, the air is enriched with ozone, which, in turn, also disinfects the air. Ozone is poisonous, so after quartzing the room should be ventilated. Quartz is widely used in medical institutions, also now it has become popular for use at home.

The quartzization method is based on the disinfecting effect of ultraviolet radiation. For residential premises, powerful quartz lamps are used, the whole procedure takes about 30-40 minutes. Under the influence of emitted ultraviolet rays, harmful microorganisms present in the room are effectively killed. If quartzization is used at home, then such a procedure helps to completely disinfect the living space and make all the things and objects in it practically sterile. That is, everything that comes under the influence of ultraviolet rays emanating from the quartz lamp is completely disinfected and destroyed from the presence of harmful factors and pathogens.

The benefits of quartzing

The main purpose of a quartz lamp is to disinfect the premises from harmful factors and pathogenic microorganisms. Lamps by their action have a positive antibacterial effect.

• A quartz lamp is an excellent preventive method against the attack of flu and cold viruses. If there is a person infected with a respiratory disease in the living room, then regular quartzing will help prevent illness in other households.
• Quartz is actively used at home for such human diseases as a prolonged runny nose, adenoids, and chronic bronchitis. The positive effect of the method is due to the fact that with regular quartzization procedures, the complete destruction of pathogens and harmful bacteria, which are pathogens and activators of these diseases, occurs. The main assistant in the treatment of otitis media and inflammation of the ears is precisely the quartz lamp. Under the influence of ultraviolet rays, the destruction of harmful microorganisms that activate the inflammatory process occurs.
• It is noticed that the rays from a quartz lamp have a beneficial effect in the treatment of many skin diseases. It is useful to carry out regular quartzing of the living quarters for skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, skin rashes, acne.
• Many dentists advise the use of apartment quartzing for all those who suffer from toothache. Maximum effect the procedure bears if the toothache is caused by stomatitis activity. It is good to use quartzization of an apartment for people suffering from inflammatory processes as a result of the development of osteochondrosis and other joint diseases.
• It is recommended to carry out regular quartzization in a residential area in which there is a person who has recently undergone complex operation or injury. It has been proven that ultraviolet rays emitted from a quartz llama have a restorative function, have a beneficial effect on the condition of damaged joints, cartilage and ligaments.
• Pediatricians advise to carry out constant quartzization of the house in which children live. Proved that this method disinfection of the premises is a reliable prevention of the development of rickets.
• For all those patients in whose body an inflammatory process occurs, quartz treatment will help to get rid of the underlying disease more efficiently and quickly.

Harm and contraindications

All the above facts prove that quartzing can not only be carried out in apartments and residential buildings, but also necessary. But even such a useful procedure has its contraindications.

The main harm to the human body in the process of quartzization can be caused when the lamps are used for other purposes or the quartzization method is carried out in an inappropriate way. Most modern quartz lamps suggest the possibility of people being in a room that is being disinfected. But, in order to avoid negative consequences, it is recommended to leave the room at the time of quartzing.

Quartzization also has some contraindications for humans:

• Individual intolerance. The emitted ultraviolet rays have a certain effect on sensitive people, so in some cases a person may experience an allergic reaction to the quartzization process. To protect yourself from negative impact quartzization, the procedure must be started with the smallest doses and with extreme caution. If there are physical changes in the general state of health (appearance of a rash, runny nose, headache), it is forbidden to carry out the procedure of quartzing at home.
• There is an unproven opinion that the quartzization procedure can become an activator for the development of cancerous tumors, therefore, people who have a predisposition to neoplasms should not undergo quartzization.
• In a certain category of people, quartzing at home leads to an increase in blood pressure. It is recommended to refrain from carrying out such a procedure for all those people who have certain problems with blood vessels. In any case, before you start quartzing at home, you need to consult a doctor. Only after an approving decision received from a specialist, one can begin to carry out a useful procedure.

Quartz lamps

These devices are regularly used to purify the air and on surfaces. Quartz lamp for home use is significantly different from products that are used in hospitals. Home appliances are usually medium in size. The device can be used not only for disinfection of rooms in the house, but also for irradiation human body. The principle of operation of a quartz device lies in the ultraviolet that it emits. Waves of UV rays negatively affect microbes and bacteria. It must be remembered that during the processing process, the quartz lamp emits a large number of ozone, which is very dangerous for humans. Therefore, it is recommended to handle the lamp very carefully.

How to choose the right lamp?

Quartz lamps are divided into several types:

• The lamp is quartz ordinary. This is classic version. Since a quartz lamp produces ozone into the air during operation, after its use it is imperative to ventilate the room, and during the process of quartzing the room there should be no people in it. Without special glasses, it is strictly forbidden to look at a quartz lamp during operation, because its radiation is very dangerous for the eyes. When buying a device, special glasses must be included in the kit.
• The lamp is bactericidal. It is also called a quartz bactericidal lamp, its flask is made not of quartz glass, but of uviol glass. It does not emit such a huge amount of ozone as a conventional quartz device. But, even despite the absence of quartz, this lamp works in the same way as a quartz one, destroying all bacteria.
• Ozone-free quartz lamp. The flask of this lamp is made of quartz glass, covered with titanium dioxide, titanium does not allow ozone to seep into the air in large quantities. These quartz devices have general rules use and operating principles.

How to use a quartz lamp correctly?

Quartzization of a dwelling is justified if there are a large number of people in the house or you often suffer from colds. In such cases, a quartz lamp will secure the space for you and your loved ones. Before quartzing, it is necessary to leave the room, closing the door behind you, turn on the irradiators. During the irradiation session at the entrance to this room, the light board “Do not enter, ultraviolet irradiation is in progress!” (must be manually enabled or combined electrical circuit turning on the light panel and irradiator). If there is no information board, front door a sign with a similar warning should be posted. At the end of irradiation, turn off the irradiator and the light panel.

The procedure for quartzing a room

1. Free the room from all living things, including flowers.
2. Wear protective goggles when turning the lamp on and off and try to stay in the room less. You can use the timer to turn the lamp on and off according to a schedule when there are no people in the room.
3. Turn on the lamp and leave for 30 minutes
4. Every 30 minutes continuous work, the illuminator must be turned off until the lamp has completely cooled down.

The most important thing to consider when working with a quartz lamp is that it is only required to wear safety glasses in a room that is being treated with quartz. It is forbidden to touch the surface of the lamp, if there is an accidental contact with the surface of the lamp, then the place of contact must be treated with an alcohol solution. The instructions for each quartz lamp describe the recommended processing time for the room. But it is necessary to start quartzing with the minimum parameters in order to check the individual tolerance of a person to quartzing.

When carrying out quartzing at home, the following important points must be considered:

• it is forbidden to carry out disinfection of the living quarters at an elevated body temperature of the patient;
• if a person’s skin is dry, then before the quartzization procedure, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist;
• it is strictly forbidden to use a quartz lamp to get a tan on the body;
• it is not recommended to leave animals and plants in the room where quartzing is carried out;
• comply with the requirements fire safety in room.

Features of quartzization of premises in the presence of people

To disinfect air in the presence of people, ultraviolet bactericidal irradiators are used - recirculators, in which the sources of UV radiation are completely closed, and air is pumped through the space irradiated by lamps with the help of fans. The principle of operation of such irradiators is similar to the quartz devices described above, and the performance depends not only on the power of the radiation sources, but also on the performance of the fan.

The bactericidal irradiator is intended for air disinfection:

• In premises with an increased risk of the spread of infectious diseases (public institutions, including schools and preschool institutions, catering establishments, communal facilities)
• In the absence of people to reduce microbes in the air (as the final link in the complex of sanitary and hygienic measures)
• Premises of medical institutions I-V categories up to 50 m3
• In the presence of people to reduce the level of germs in the air (especially in cases of high risk of spreading diseases transmitted by airborne droplets and airborne)
• In private homes, especially during epidemics of acute respiratory diseases

• Average life of a germicidal lamp: no more than 8000 hours
• Warranty period - 12 months
• Source of irradiation and air disinfection: PHILIPS TUV30W/G30T8 ozone-free bactericidal lamp
• Irradiator power: no more than 60 VA
• Irradiator overall dimensions: 90х90*1000 mm
• Delivery set: Illuminator - 1, germicidal lamp: PHILIPS TUV30W/G30T8 (it is possible to complete with a germicidal lamp from an alternative manufacturer with characteristics no worse than PHILIPS), passport (operating manual)
• Weight: no more than 3 kg
• Power supply voltage and frequency: 220*50V*Hz
• Average life of the irradiator: at least 5 years
• Flow rate: not less than 60 m 3 /hour

The body of the irradiator consists of two main parts: a base-reflector made of metal and a protective screen made of transparent plastic, on inner surface which is coated with a phosphor that converts the UV radiation of a germicidal lamp into light.

Quartz chart

In this paper, we consider the application new technology production of piezoelectronic products using the example of high-frequency quartz resonators, which allows to increase the temporal stability of quartz resonators and shorten their manufacturing cycle.

Modern achievements in the field of piezoelectronics make it possible to manufacture quartz resonators according to the fundamental harmonic at frequencies up to 400 MHz.

Schedules of quartzing in kindergarten, cleaning and airing in kindergarten

Children attending children's institutions are prone to diseases, including infectious ones.

What actions should employees take in case of illness of one of the pupils? Should it be given great importance house cleaning?

Is it necessary to decontaminate the rooms additionally?

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Analysis of activities carried out by the Departments of Rospotrebnadzor by subjects Russian Federation in order to prevent the introduction of highly pathogenic influenza H1N1 / 09 into preschool and educational institutions, in connection with the beginning of the school year, showed that adequate preventive and anti-epidemic measures are not being fully implemented in all constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In violation of the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated 07.

Polyclinic No. 4

From 04/01/2019, due to the absence of an endocrinologist on a permanent basis, an appointment with an endocrinologist will be made at the registry only with the direction of the district general practitioner. City Polyclinic No. 4 is open on weekdays from 7.30 to 20.00. The office hours are from 7:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m.

Reception of calls to the house of district therapists is carried out by phone and by contacting the registry from 7.30 to 19.00 tel.

Algorithm for cleaning in medical and preventive organizations

Cleaning is carried out to ensure preventive / anti-epidemic measures, prevent the spread of infections, comply with the sanitary and hygienic regime, provides both the aesthetic appearance of the room and the removal of microorganisms.

Cleaning in the premises of medical and preventive organizations is one of the links in the chain of sanitary and anti-epidemic measures aimed at preventing nosocomial infections.

Overview of SanPiN norms for kindergartens

Many parents often experience violations of various sanitary norms in kindergartens. Not every parent knows where to turn and what to rely on when protecting their child.

This article provides a brief overview of the sanitary standards according to SanPin, which are the most relevant. Read the instructions on how certification of workplaces is carried out according to working conditions. Sanpin is normative document, which regulates the sanitary and hygienic standards established by the state.

The quartzization method is based on the disinfecting effect of ultraviolet radiation. For residential premises, powerful quartz lamps are used, the whole procedure takes about 30-40 minutes.

Quartz lamps are known to all for their disinfectant properties. These devices are regularly used to purify the air and on surfaces. Quartz lamp for home use is significantly different from products that are used in hospitals.

Home appliances are usually medium in size. The device can be used not only to disinfect rooms in the house, but also to irradiate the human body.

The principle of operation of a quartz device lies in the ultraviolet that it emits. Waves of UV rays negatively affect microbes and bacteria. It must be remembered that during the processing process, a quartz lamp emits a large amount of ozone, which is very dangerous for humans. Therefore, it is recommended to handle the lamp very carefully.

1. It is used for complete quartzization of premises - disinfection of surfaces and indoor air to prevent diseases that can be transmitted by airborne droplets.
2. Quartzization of the human body - irradiation with ultraviolet rays in the treatment of inflammation of the ear, nose, throat, as well as skin diseases. This procedure is very effective if all the requirements and indications of specialists are met.

Quartz lamps are divided into several types

The lamp is quartz ordinary. This is the classic version. Since a quartz lamp produces ozone into the air during operation, after its use it is imperative to ventilate the room, and during the process of quartzing the room there should be no people in it.

Without special glasses, it is strictly forbidden to look at a quartz lamp during operation, because its radiation is very dangerous for the eyes. When buying a device, special glasses must be included in the kit.

Germicidal lamp. It is also called a quartz bactericidal lamp, its flask is made not of quartz glass, but of uviol glass. It does not emit such a huge amount of ozone as a conventional quartz device.

But, even despite the absence of quartz, this lamp works in the same way as a quartz one, destroying all bacteria.

Ozone-free quartz lamp. The flask of this lamp is made of quartz glass, covered with titanium dioxide, titanium does not allow ozone to seep into the air in large quantities.

These quartz devices have general rules of use and principles of operation.

First of all, it is necessary to protect your eyes from the light of a quartz lamp, you should wear special goggles. It is strictly forbidden to touch the quartz glass tube of the lamp. If nevertheless accidentally touched, then the lamp should be wiped with a soft, lint-free cloth with a few drops of an alcohol solution.

Proper quartzization of surfaces and indoor air

Quartzization of premises is justified if there are a huge number of people in them every day, or family members suffer from colds. In these cases, a quartz lamp is able to secure the space next to you.

The correct order of quartzization of premises

1. The room is freed from all living things, including flowers.
2. When turning off and on the lamp, be sure to wear safety glasses and try to leave the room as soon as possible.
3. The quartz lamp is turned on and left for thirty minutes.
4. After thirty minutes of continuous operation, the lamp must be turned off for 15 minutes until it cools completely.

With a long process of operation of a quartz lamp, the smell of ozone may be felt. Ozone, just like UV rays, destroys all bacteria. After quartzing, the room is best ventilated thoroughly.

Ozone has a fungicidal and bactericidal effect on all types of pathogenic microflora: bacteria, viruses, spores, etc. Residual ozone actively sterilizes surfaces. After contact with contaminating microbiological and chemicals ozone is converted to oxygen.

If you plan to use a quartz lamp for quartzing the body, then first of all, be sure to consult with your doctor according to the contraindications and the dosage you need.

You can achieve positive results if you follow exactly all the doctor's instructions. Each person's skin is differently sensitive to UV rays.

This final result directly depends on the general condition of the body, age, skin type, thickness of the epidermis and the season, because the susceptibility increases in the spring, decreases in the autumn, since the whole summer is spent under the sun.

If you have dry and sensitive skin, which is easily covered with cracks, there are dilated blood vessels, you should generally abandon the quartz lamp.

Since UV rays are biologically active, improper use of a quartz irradiator can cause serious harm to your health. Irradiation with quartz lamps of a child or an adult should be carried out strictly according to the prescription of the attending physician and with necessarily precise dosage instructions.

Terms of use

1. Wear goggles, they are included. All areas that are not subject to irradiation, carefully cover with towels.
2. Irradiation of a person must be carried out five minutes after the ignition of a quartz lamp has passed, since for given time its optimal mode work.
3. A quartz lamp should be located at least fifty centimeters from the irradiated skin.
4. Before irradiation, smear the skin with sunscreen or oil. Cream or butter evenly grind.
5. The duration of the irradiation session should be gradually increased, starting from thirty seconds and ending with three minutes. Each subsequent exposure should be increased by thirty seconds or one minute.
6. The number of irradiations of one area of ​​the skin should not be more than five times a day.
7. It is recommended to observe the exposure time, because an increase in the session can provoke overdrying of the skin and cause severe pigmentation.
8. After the end of the irradiation session, the quartz lamp is completely turned off and left to cool for forty minutes.

• Do not irradiate with a quartz lamp if elevated temperature body and after a severe illness.
• Carry out quartz treatment without the consent of the doctor.
• Quartz lamps should not be used for tanning as they are not designed for that.
• In the irradiation zone of a quartz lamp should not remain houseplants and animals.
• When working with a quartz lamp, fire safety rules must be observed.

Contraindications to the use of quartz lamp irradiation

1. Renal failure.
2. Serious disorders of the endocrine system.
3. Cardiovascular insufficiency.
4. Various malignant and benign tumors.
5. Hypertrichosis.
6. Dilated superficial blood vessels.
7. Open form of tuberculosis.
8. Tendency to profuse bleeding.
9. Chronic or acute inflammatory processes in the acute stage.
10. Hypertensive diseases of the second and third stages.
11. Peptic ulcer of the duodenum and stomach in the acute stage.
12. Systemic blood disease.
13. Atherosclerosis of the arteries of the brain and coronary vessels.

As well as increased sensitivity to UV rays.

These are chronic, acute diseases of the joints, bronchitis, adenoids, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, respiratory acute diseases of palatine tonsils, various diseases respiratory organs.

Inflammation of the throat, nose, ear, rhinitis, tonsillitis, etc. Diseases of the skin, peripheral nervous system, wounds, a significant lack of vitamin D. Prevention of rickets, bone tuberculosis, trophic bedsores and ulcers.

The use of UV germicidal radiation is an effective preventive sanitary and anti-epidemic agent aimed at suppressing microorganisms in the air and on surfaces. This tool is among the tools that guarantee a significant reduction in infectious diseases.

Phototherapy is the use of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation for the prevention of treatment of various skin diseases. Three thousand years ago, the Greeks first resorted to treatment with sunlight, modern phototherapy began to be used in 1923 for the treatment of psoriasis, then mercury-quartz lamps began to be used.

Ultraviolet radiation - carries the highest energy. In terms of its chemical activity, this radiation largely surpasses all the remaining parts of the light spectrum.

UV irradiation maximizes the activity of all defense mechanisms, normalizes the processes of skin coagulation, has a desensitizing effect, significantly improves lipid metabolism.

Under the influence of UV rays, it significantly improves the functions of external respiration, greatly increases the activity of the adrenal cortex, increases the access of the myocardium to oxygen, and significantly increases its contractility.

The use of ultraviolet rays with a properly selected dose and competent control guarantees a high therapeutic effect in most diseases. It consists of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, tonic and immunostimulating action.

Ultraviolet radiation significantly contributes to the epithelialization of wound surfaces, as well as the regeneration of bone and nervous tissue.

Be healthy and do not neglect the instructions of specialists!