Automatic control systems for opening and closing windows. automatic windows

IN Lately in large-scale urban architecture, electric drives for windows and transoms are becoming increasingly popular. This is due primarily to the steady increase in the height of buildings and the increase in size and weight. window structures.

When an electric drive is required

An electric drive for opening a wooden or PVC window with push-button or remote control is in demand in the following cases:
- when window blocks are located high above the floor and opening and closing manually is very problematic, this is usually true for public spaces, large business centers and industrial buildings;
- with large dimensions and masses of window blocks, that is, when a significant physical effort is required to open or close them;
- for high-rise buildings, when wooden windows and windows with PVC frames are exposed to significant wind loads, as well as for architectural structures located on the coast or in steppe zone, that is, where strong gusts of wind or hurricanes are possible;
- in homes and hospitals where there are people with disabilities.

Types of electric drives

To date, the most common are the following types of automated electric drives for windows and transoms.

Chain drives

The actuator is a special chain that can only bend in one direction. In the upper part of the window unit, the device body is attached to the frame, where the electric drive itself and the chain are located, the outer end of which is attached to the upper part of the flap. When completely closed window the chain is hidden inside the case. The closed position is indicated by an indicator light. If it is necessary to tilt the sash or transom, the drive is switched on and the chain is fed from the housing to the side of the tilt. Actuators are available as standard with strokes ranging from 90 to 400 mm and operating forces up to 150 N (15 kg). Special coatings are used to protect the chain from corrosion.

For window sashes of small dimensions and weight, it is enough to install one drive. If the leaf width exceeds 1500 mm, then two drives should be installed (in the upper right and left corners). In this case, in order to avoid distortions and breakage of the window unit, the electric drives must be synchronized. If one of the drives fails, the second drive turns off automatically, otherwise the leaves can be deformed and even destroyed.

automatic windows with a chain drive are characterized by a high opening speed - 40 mm / sec. The electric drive, depending on the modification, is powered by the mains alternating current 220 or DC 24 volts.

Installing a chain drive does not require additional modification of the window frame, it can be installed both on a wooden window and on a plastic one. It is enough to install the brackets on the window profile and tighten them with screws. The mechanism itself is already attached to the brackets. This mount allows you to independently determine the location of the drive and change it during operation if such a need arises. The mechanism looks appropriate even on wooden frames windows in a residential building or apartment, not to mention public premises and production areas.

The chain drive is used for bottom, middle and top hung windows, as well as for windows with overhead lighting. The standard protection class of such drives is IP20.

Spindle drives

Spindle drives are used with a relatively small working stroke of sashes and transoms. Are issued in two standard executions with a stroke of a rod of 180 and 300 mm. They allow opening transoms, wooden or plastic windows of medium weight (developed force - 450N).

Unlike a chain drive, the spindle housing is attached not to the window frame, but to the sash itself by means of guide rocking tires, and the working body (spindle) is fixed on the frame. The movement of the working body is realized by means of a kinematic pair "screw-nut".

Spindle drives are convenient for operation in confined space, compact dimensions and design enable easy and unobtrusive installation.

Speed ​​of opening-closing of shutters and transoms - 40 mm/sec. Protection class - IP55. Supply voltage of alternating current -220V. Spindle drives are optimally suited for equipping vertically sashed timber and PVC strip and top-hung windows.

Rack and pinion drives

Rack and pinion drives have been developed specifically for difficult conditions operation of the window block. They are characterized by low working speed - 8 mm/s, but high force - up to 650N. The high protection class IP65 allows the use of rack and pinion drives for windows and transoms in the most adverse operating conditions, even in the zone of direct influence of climatic and atmospheric factors. Mechanical elements are made of anodized aluminum and galvanized steel. Are issued in standard executions with size of the working course 170, 230, 350. 550 and 750 mm. They are powered by AC 220V or DC 24V. On wide window sashes or transoms, they can be installed in parallel. This requires electrical synchronization of the drives.

Also for wide and massive windows duo or try systems can be used. In this case, two or three rails are driven from one drive, respectively, at once, the movement is transmitted through additional drive tubes.

Rack and pinion drives are mainly used in industrial facilities for the automation of top-hung and strip aluminum or plastic windows, skylights, and multi-layer and dome-shaped structures. High reliability and fault tolerance determine the minimum maintenance of drives during long-term operation.

There is also a separate line of rack and pinion drives designed for connection to fire protection systems. Such drives are additionally equipped with a special anti-reverse system, which, in the event of smoke in the room, rigidly fixes the window sashes in the open position, and reverse motion becomes impossible.

Scissor-type fanlights

Such devices are the most powerful, the working force reaches 1400N. Accordingly, these structures are designed for the most massive and big windows and transoms (with heavy wooden or metal frames and multi-chamber double-glazed windows).

The drive is powered by an AC network with a rated voltage of 220V or from a DC source of 24V.

A distinctive element of scissor-type devices from other automation systems is the ability to complete the system with a special locking mechanism, which, when the sash is closed, fixes it around the entire perimeter. Scissor-type appliances can be installed on window blocks either singly or in pairs.

Automatic ventilation systems

And finally, original solution regular ventilation of premises without human intervention - automatic ventilation systems. The mechanism in the form of a small block is attached to the flap of a wooden or plastic window, and the working body in the form of a rod thrust is fixed on the fixed part of the frame by means of a hinged connection. The device can be programmed for airing at certain intervals, or by completing the system with weather sensors. Such an "intelligent" mechanism will respond to changes in humidity and atmospheric influences (wind, rain, snow).

Advantages of the electric drive

First of all, it should be noted ease of use. Much easier to press a button on the remote remote control, instead of climbing on the windowsill in order to slightly open the transom.

Automated drives for opening and closing wooden windows and PVC windows make it possible to extend the service life of fittings, since they clearly dose the loads, unlike manual control.

Automation can be supplemented with sensors that respond to rain or strong wind. In this case, the window blocks will close on their own even in the absence of the owner.
The drive can be connected to common system fire safety. Then the windows and transoms will open automatically when the room is filled with smoke.

Useful information

Remote control of windows is a technology that makes life more comfortable, makes opening sashes in hard-to-reach places more comfortable. Electric drives are often used in technological projects, for example, as a "smart" house. TBM-Market offers big choice drives for windows Italian manufacturers Giesse, Maxbar, whose products meet high international standards, long service life.

Benefits of window drives

Electric window opening systems are more complex and expensive mechanisms than lever options. But at the same time, convenient operation is taken into account, because it is enough to press a button on the remote control to open the sash. The remote control panel can be wireless or wired, and when all automation is connected, it may not come in handy. Ventilation will be carried out automatically.

The advantages of remote control include:

• comfortable system management;
• opening of heavy and large double-glazed windows without serious physical exertion;
• setting the width of the inclination of the sash from full disclosure to slot ventilation;
• reliable and hermetic closure of the sash using a locking mechanism;
• opening double-glazed windows, which are located at a distance of 4 meters or more above the floor level;
• extending the life of the fittings, as the operation of the equipment runs smoothly and silently, without jerks and the use of force;
• management of "weather in the apartment";
• with the dimming function, you can also adjust the level of illumination.

Remote control of window systems together with automation makes it possible to ensure the flow of outdoor air in case of smoke or to maintain the desired microclimate inside the house or office. Along with the buttons, there is a console for adjusting the multi-sensors.

Characteristics of transom drives

Windows are opened using different electrical appliances, the most popular are:

• Chain drives. They are suitable for controlling top-, middle- and bottom-hung transoms, as they have a small lifting force - from 300 watts. The main advantages of the system are small dimensions, quick fastening and price. The opening of the sash is performed by extending the chain, where the links bend only in one direction, and after the operation are rigidly blocked.
• Rack type Allows you to withstand a serious load. Such systems are equipped with large massive double-glazed windows, where it is necessary to exert considerable effort when opening casement. Drives are characterized by low speed with more powerful operation. You can use rack mechanisms with windows different type. Compared to chain equipment, this option has a high cost.

Automation for opening windows can be mounted on products made of different material: aluminum, wood, plastic. If desired, the drive is connected to the fire safety system through a conventional console or directly, and equipped with indoor climate support sensors.

The Aprimatic company, whose window drives have long won respect and popularity among consumers, produces the following types automation:

• chain systems;
• rack;
• stock.

All drives for windows, which you can buy in our store, are easy to operate and maintain and have a long service life.

Chain drives

Are in this moment the most popular because of the comparative simplicity of design. The working mechanism of this automatic window opener is a chain designed in such a way that it bends in only one direction. These devices are usually used as a drive for opening transoms and windows. small size. Simplicity of design, as well as ease of operation and installation of these automatic systems make it possible to use them on the vast majority of windows. At the same time, they can always be additionally equipped with a set that allows automatic opening and closing of the transom with special fittings, which makes it possible to obtain maximum level seals.

Rack and pinion drives

This automatic drive for windows is usually used in various commercial or industrial type objects. It is used to close and open heavy windows. There are also a number of drives for the implementation optimal performance smoke extraction systems. The main feature of such drives for opening windows is the introduction of a special “anti-reverse” system, which allows you to securely fix the working mechanism of a window or transom in one position - open.

Rod Actuators

This type of automation for transoms is used if access to them is very difficult. Also, the use of drives of this type allows you to fully automate the process of opening and closing windows with a side opening mechanism. This type of drive for opening windows has an extremely high level security and makes it possible to install it, both outside and inside the premises.

Why you should buy Aprimatic automation from us

Our store is the official representative of the company. This means that only from us you can purchase the highest quality and most reliable window automation in the whole world. Western Europe. No matter what window drives you need, our staff will supply you with all necessary information and help you make the best choice.

Automatic window openers in the greenhouse

A greenhouse is a common way to grow agricultural products. To obtain a high and high quality crop in the greenhouse temperature regime – required condition. This task is solved different ways. You can install a thermometer in the greenhouse and independently regulate the temperature by opening and closing the windows manually. But the best option will buy a drive to open the transoms and ventilate the greenhouse.

Thanks to automatic openers, all the necessary parameters are supported in the greenhouse:

• maximum effective ventilation;
• temperature regime;
• humidity.

In the room for growing plants, a special climate is formed that promotes their growth.

How to choose an auto opener for a greenhouse

Mechanisms for ventilation of greenhouses are divided into two main groups:

• electrical,
• hydraulic.

When choosing an automatic system for opening windows or transoms in a greenhouse, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the room, on the basis of which to make the appropriate choice. Here are some factors to consider when choosing an automatic hydraulic system:

1. Financial question. Several thousand rubles - prices for quality device. You should consider whether you are ready to spend such an amount or not.
2. If you decide to buy a system, you need to pay attention to how much a window or transom can be opened by automation. 5-7 kg is the average limit. This indicator is quite enough to open the window in the greenhouse.
3. Greenhouse frames are different and can not withstand any weight. When purchasing automation, keep this in mind and see how much the device itself has.
4. It is more convenient if the automatic opener provides for adjusting the temperature of the start of operation, read about this indicator in the instructions or check with our managers.
5. Before buying, measure the opening angle of the window or window in the greenhouse. This is one of the main indicators of a hydraulic device, which is indicated in its technical characteristics.
6. With frequent winds in the place where the greenhouse is located, it is better to buy a machine with an anti-hurricane stall system.

In order to ensure safety, many of our customers purchase electric smoke exhaust drives for transoms. By purchasing automation for greenhouses "Aprimatik", you can save a lot of precious time!

Automation of room ventilation through the window and what came of it

• Electronics for beginners

It all started with the fact that the room became hot if the computer was running, due to my absence or laziness, the room was not often ventilated (although it would seem that you just need to open the window). In short, I decided to make this "device". In fact, a temperature sensor was required, a mechanism that opens and closes the window and automation that controls it all.

At that time, I was already a little involved in pampering with controllers, so I decided that I needed a controller, and the simplest temperature sensor (aka thermistor) - great, it’s done, I bought these things at a local store, soldered these things on a breadboard, tried the simplest automation such as heating the sensor breathing - the LED lights up, the sensor cools down - the LED goes out. It turned out something like this:

Great, it works! the next question arose - breathing is all clear, but I would like specific temperature values, after a long calculation of the voltage values ​​\u200b\u200band converting them to temperature, I got more or less exact values temperature that I observed on the computer monitor taking values ​​from the COM port. I also rejoiced at this achievement (it would seem that a person needs something for joy). Then the thought came, but if I didn’t have a computer to look at the temperature values, and indeed a separate device that works on its own and, if necessary, communicates with the computer - it seems to be interesting. The variant with seven-segment indicators was dismissed somehow very quickly - it's not an interesting type. decided to draw a conclusion on the LCD.

I used such an indicator, began to understand what is there and how it happens, what they need there, tested it on breadboard and came to this conclusion - they require initial initialization, and it depends on the specific indicator used, and when observing any delays, I thought that if I have an analog temperature sensor with time conversion, the indicator also has any delays, and I also need a window opening mechanism, most likely on the engine to do there, too, will have to calculate in time.

In general, I decided to make a separate module that will output information (later I called it the MVTI text information output module), and the main controller should think about the fact that there will not even be any delay, besides it saves memory. I decided to use the standard COM port interface (RS-232). The task was as follows: the module accepts characters via RS-232 and displays them on the LCD, before starting all the necessary initialization is performed, all the necessary delays are observed, all kinds of checks are made on the type of the number of output 40 characters, transitions to a new line, and a table of correspondence of data encoding characters coming from COM port and LCD, I really wanted the output to be in Russian.

I took up this issue - I created a circuit, laid out a board and it was necessary to start manufacturing it, something was wrong with my LUT technology, and I decided to try to do it in China, read a whole article about it on Habré, and decided to order it in the same place as in their article it was written, the site of the board manufacturer. They have a minimum order of 5 pieces and 1 add-on for free (in general, for any price it is more profitable than ordering from us). I ordered these 5 pieces from them, I thought it would be useful if I would make such modules again, they turn out to be universal, you can just put the modem cable to zero and output something (power from the unit). They sent me boards a month later, soldered the elements there, wrote a program for the controller that is on the module, tested it, and in the first approximation I liked it, then slowly finished it as I found something. The final version came out like this.

Now I have displayed the temperature on the LCD in the form: Temperature 23 degrees, got up new problem she jumped at the slightest breath of a breeze, such as opening a window door, he passed by himself - he did an averaging, it turned out like normal. The temperature is certainly good, but I also wanted to take time out there. I tried to do this too, added the code, found that there are flaws when the power is turned off - it goes astray and must be set every time. There was not enough experience with controllers and over time it didn’t work out very well, the seconds were different and errors quickly ran up. Having tried this, I began to think how to be, the arduino developed and cheap real-time modules appeared, and I decided on that.

I took an arduino Leonardo with 2 UART ports (one for the text output module, the second for connecting to a computer), a real-time module. There were no problems with the libraries, there was enough code in the internet and examples, I quickly wrote the code, tested it and enjoyed life - the time went by and the date was also there, and when it was turned off, the time did not go astray, completely wonderful life. But even here I didn’t sit down and didn’t like that the time on the small LCD screen shows very little time, I need to come up with something, and I decided to make a time output module on seven-segment indicators. Seven-segment indicator with two dots good size did not find myself. I used 2 dual plus 2 LEDs for points, I decided to make the board the same as the previous one, but not to make it a frequency one, but with memory chips that store the state of hours and minutes, i.e. time is recorded there 1 time per minute, then the pins are free for other tasks. I got this module:

The next step is the window opening mechanism. I have a wooden window that opens on its side, a narrow and long window leaf to the top. A lot of time was lost here until I picked up more or less suitable option for a system that deals with opening and closing a window. At the last moment, the mechanism looks like this:

Everything was assembled from improvised means, the rods were taken from the bar cabinet door mechanism (still Soviet design), a stepper motor from the printer (driver on the L293 chip), white plastic part- printed on a 3D printer. Several times the design was lightened and redone, at the moment it performs its function, I am not entirely satisfied with it - so I plan to modernize it. For example, a program was written so that at a temperature of more than 27 degrees it opens a window, less than 24 degrees it closes the window, but it is planned to ventilate in time with orientation to temperature: if the temperature drops quickly during ventilation, then the ventilation is short in time, while the ventilation itself occurs more often and vice versa .

Technological progress is steadily striding forward in all branches of science and technology, including the manufacturing industry, no matter whether they are plastic or wooden.

The windows that the market can offer us may differ both in form and execution. However, from the whole variety of window structures presented today, one ultra-modern system can be distinguished, in which automation is involved. We are talking about automatic windows.

These light-transmitting products were born just a few years ago and immediately began to gain popularity. They are mainly used in the commercial sector, in offices, secure premises, sports centers, etc. In the housing stock, the use of automatic windows in given time considered exotic. Due to its high cost, their installation in most cases is carried out in elite apartments in Moscow and a number of other large cities, the owners of which can afford a significant overpayment for an innovative product.

Control functions.

Automatic windows are controlled by means of a remote control, and manipulation includes not only the operation of the window to open / close. Using the remote control, you can configure rather unusual functions that are not characteristic of a regular window. Let's talk about some of them in order, which automatic windows can offer their owner.

1. Sash opening angle adjustment. This feature is especially useful in summer period owners who, out of principle, are not in their home, preferring the usual ventilation to it.
2. Window dimming. Yes, yes, now the level of light transmission can be changed remotely, using the control panel. With the advent of automatic windows, the need for or, as a means of hiding from prying eyes, is almost completely eliminated.
3. Automatic adjustment of windows to the “closed” position in case of precipitation. You never know exactly what the weather will be like outside during the day. Now, leaving for work, you can not worry that the left open windows from automatic control may cause precipitation to enter the premises. Special rain sensors installed on the outside of the window will signal this to the control mechanism at the first drops of rain, and it will automatically close the sashes.
4. Automation contributes to extending the life of the window. This was made possible thanks to mechanisms that provide a uniform load around the entire perimeter of the structure to be opened/closed.

Using the control panel, you can set a specific response time desired function. Airing the room can be carried out without human intervention - opening a window and automatically closing it after a specified time is no longer a problem with windows equipped with automatic actuation mechanisms.

You know what:
The use of automation in window systems especially relevant in factory floors, spacious gyms and entertainment centers, as in addition to automatic opening windows located in hard-to-reach places, such designs can be used in conjunction with fire fighting systems. When a smoke signal is received from a sensor installed under the ceiling, in order to prevent oxygen from entering the burning room, such windows are automatically closed, thereby eliminating the prerequisites for further expansion of the fire.

By equipping your home with such “smart windows”, you can give its premises additional comfort, and intelligent control automatic windows, will make the process of their operation a real pleasure.