Anti-corrosion protection. Anticorrosion protection of metal structures and its types

Atmospheric factors greatly affect metal structures and subject them to corrosion. They gradually lose their original characteristics. When such situations arise, a logical question arises: is there an effective anti-corrosion protection of metal structures that can save the metal from negative influences?

Corrosion is a reaction that destroys a metal due to contact with the environment. To prevent the destructive process, anti-corrosion treatment of metal structures is provided. Such protection implies an increase in the service life structural material, and reduce the cost of the subsequent revival of the broken element. Anti-corrosion protective coatings have received universal recognition, and have become a mandatory procedure for the construction of industrial objects. The main purpose of protection is the isolation of metal surfaces from an aggressive environment. The elements for anti-corrosion work are based on an epoxy or polyurethane base. This characteristic allows you to reliably protect the material.

Standard anti-corrosion treatment scheme

In some cases, the classic anticorrosive technology is used:

• Sandblasting or mechanical cleaning of the base. The type of cleaning depends on many factors: the condition of the structure being processed, ease of use, location of the object;
• Dedusting and priming the surface;
• Coating with a special polymer, painting of metal structures;
• Creation of a durable layer of varnish.

It is rational to carry out time-based anti-corrosion protection of metal structures at the following facilities:

• metal constructions;
• structures on a metal frame;
• bridge structures;
• Technical equipment;
• pipelines;
• transport of sea, river and railway communication;
• tanks and reservoirs for products of the petrochemical industry.

Systematization of corrosion

Corrosion of metal structures has spoiled the existence of a person for more than one generation, so this unfavorable process has been studied quite extensively. Corrosion is divided into several classifications.

electrochemical rusting

Rust spots occur on two different metals that are bonded together when, for example, moist air enters the place of their contact. Metals have different electrochemical potentials, thus forming a galvanic material. An element with a lower redox potential begins to corrode. This property is especially evident in the places of welds, near bolts and rivets.

Protection building structures and equipment from corrosion of this type of impact, as a rule, involves the use of galvanizing. As part of the metal element and zinc, the zinc element should undergo rusting, but this does not happen, since an oxide film appears, which regulates and slows down the negative process.

chemical rust

Such rusting appears in cases where the metal is in contact with an aggressive environment, but no electrochemical reaction occurs. clear example chemical interaction the appearance of scale in the reaction of a metal compound and atmospheric oxygen at extreme temperatures is considered.

Norms and rules of SNiP

The protection of building structures from corrosion was considered even in the period of the project's inception. All financial losses, concentrated on the protection of metal structures, are already included in the price component of the product. In SNiP, such methods of protecting equipment from corrosion are called constructive. The main task of methods for protecting metal structures is the selection of components that can enclose the metal environment from an aggressive environment.

In addition to choosing a special application for metal products, SNiP also advises methods for the rational use of metal structures:

• elimination of cracks and other defects in the surface of the structure, in which condensation may form or some dangerous temperature area, leading to the loss of the properties of the anti-corrosion coating;
• preservation of metal structures from the effects of water;
• the introduction into the extreme environment of substances that slow down the undesirable course of physical and chemical processes.

Download SNiP 2.03.11-85 “Protection of building structures against corrosion”

Preservation methods

The rusting of metals leads to multimillion-dollar losses. The main damage lies in the significant cost of components destroyed by rust. Therefore, there are special ways to protect structures and equipment from corrosion.

There are three types of preservation:

• structural;
• inactive;
• active.

The constructive method involves the introduction of alloys of various metals, the use of insulating rubber gaskets and materials to block the corrosive environment.

Protection of building structures and equipment from corrosion involves electrochemical defense mechanisms. Active methods of protection and anti-corrosion are aimed at modifying the structure of the double electrolayer. A constant is applied to the metal to be protected. electric field to increase its electrode potential. In practice, a material "victim" in the form of an anode is also used. This material is more active and will break down protecting the required structure.

They note ways to protect structures and equipment from corrosion, for example, using zinc:

1. Hot dipped galvanizing. This metal processing of structures involves careful and thorough surface preparation, namely cleaning from oxides and sandblasting. The prepared structure is placed in a tank with a zinc melt. Next, the part is rotated, and at the moment of hardening of a thin zinc layer, a smooth surface with a good degree of anti-corrosion protection comes out.
2. electrogalvanic reception. This method of anti-corrosion protection of metal structures processing takes a significant amount of time. First, the steel structure is lowered into the electrolyte tank. An electric cable is connected to the part and the zinc product. Both cables are connected to direct current. Due to diffusion (matter transfer process), zinc ions are deposited on the steel part. This is how a small layer of zinc appears, which has a connection with the metal at the molecular level.
3. Thermal diffusion. The procedure is rather complicated and requires special equipment. The steel product is installed in a heating furnace, in which zinc dust is supplied. All this happens at temperatures above 300 degrees Celsius. With this factor, zinc molecules begin to melt, and this contributes to the fact that they can even penetrate into the thickness of the metal. Such anti-corrosion treatments are effective, as metal structures treated with this method withstand even extreme environments. The protection of welds will be at a high level.

Inactive (passive) protection of metal structures is the use of various varnishes, paints, enamels that isolate metals from interaction with the external atmosphere. Protective coatings can be applied to metal surfaces different ways. Galvanizing, for example, is carried out in a hot shop and by spraying. It is possible to carry out painting with enamel elements with a roller, spray gun, brush.

Metal surface preparation

The metal preparation process includes several stages:

• cleaning the surface from lubricating fluids and previously applied coatings with brushes, scrapers or washing with water under high pressure at 210 bar;
• usage organic solvents for degreasing the surface;
• disposal of scale by thermal, chemical or mechanical methods;
• drying of the cleaned surface;
• dedusting, that is, blowing with clean air to remove dust.

New ways to protect

Anti-corrosion components are constantly being improved. New methods of corrosion protection and the emergence fresh ideas metal processing simplify the application process.

Coating ferro-containing elements with paintwork materials is considered the most affordable method of protection. But it is worth noting that protective layer will need to be updated every five years, which requires a lot of labor. Galvanic and electrochemical treatment of metal structures against corrosion also have some drawback - this high costs. Exist modern technologies rust protection available not only to large manufacturing enterprises, but to ordinary consumers.

Metal alloys are the most common material for the production of goods for National economy. Depreciation of fixed assets is most often accelerated due to the intense influence of rust. This problem is especially relevant for the urban environment, marine and oil infrastructure. The danger lies in the occurrence of unforeseen failures in the operation of equipment, possible accidents and disasters. Therefore, anti-corrosion protection is a cornerstone element of the safety of the functioning of metal structures.

Rust: the main causes of appearance

Corrosion is caused by the simultaneous presence of oxygen and moisture on the surface of an object, this condition triggers electrochemical reactions that destroy the structure of the metal. Their speed and nature depend on the influence of external, internal, mechanical (structural) factors.

The first ones include:

• the level of humidity and air pollution with gases;
• the speed of movement of technical fluids (in pipelines);
• exposure time;
• working environment temperature.

Internal - depend on:

• the presence of impurities in metals;
• thermodynamic stability;
• structure and type of alloy;
• surface density.

Mechanical factors include:

• fatigue;
• cavitation;
• cracking.

Most often, rust affects products made of iron alloys, namely steel, which is often found in the household. At the same time, materials with the main share in their composition are susceptible to corrosion:

• cast iron;
• lead;
• copper;
• zinc;
• brass.

Under ideal conditions, the rate of destruction can be so slow that even the minimum anti-corrosion protection of metal structures(paintwork). This is true for dry ventilated rooms with an air humidity level of up to 40%. But in practice, a large proportion of metal products are operated in aggressive conditions. The most vulnerable are products in contact with:

• sea ​​water;
• working technical media (liquid, gas);
• wet ground;
• polluted air in cities.

Operating conditions, the impossibility of dismantling, structural features can significantly complicate the application of protective coatings during operation (these are fasteners, power line masts, marine infrastructure facilities). It is more advantageous to protect such elements from rust in advance at the design stage.

Hot dip galvanizing is the best solution for corrosion protection

For advance protection of products, their elements, as well as those containing a large number of small structural and fastening components, including those subject to load, the most acceptable method is hot-dip galvanizing. It is used to process:

• frame supports;
• scaffolding;
• fittings;
• road barriers;
• lighting poles;
• welded beams, etc.

A zinc melt with a temperature of 450 degrees, in which the product is immersed, forms a durable diffuse film of Fe-Zn alloy on its entire surface, which:

• impervious to aggressive factors external environment(moisture, sulfides, chlorides);
• more electronegative than the protected metal (if the integrity of the coating is violated, only zinc is destroyed).

For example, we propose to compare the cost and durability of applying protective coatings different methods(see table 1, here are the average prices in the Moscow market at the time of publication).

Table 1

Thus, the service life of the zinc anti-corrosion layer applied by hot-dip galvanizing is the longest. The depreciation of such coverage over half a century is 0.36 rubles/year. In second place, with a significant lag, is the so-called "cold" method. Compared to paint coating, hot-dip galvanizing dominates, as it allows much longer protection of metal products from rust at a comparable price per coating of 1 kg.

Hot dip galvanizing method: main advantages

Its use for the protection of metal structures provides:

• resistance to mechanical stress;
• effective protection up to 100-150 years without maintenance (this is true for countryside with a low content of emissions from industrial and exhaust gases);
• operation at temperatures up to 419 degrees (zinc melting point);
• high corrosion resistance;
• relative economy;
• acceptable performance (3-10 minutes per product);
• protection even after damage to the integrity of the coating, as well as in conditions where the concentration of zinc in the coating is negligible;
• high thermal and electrical conductivity.

Stages of applying a protective layer

Hot-dip galvanizing is preceded by the preparation of a metal structure, which provides for the following:

• degreasing;
• etching;
• washing;
• fluxing;
• drying.

Please note that all production processes at Gzhel Plant Elektroizolyator LLC, they comply with GOST 9.307-89 "Requirements for galvanized products" and GOST 9.402 regarding surface cleanliness. Before processing, all incoming structures are carefully checked for cracks. If defects are found, the products are rejected.

The maximum preparation time (from start of degreasing to completion of drying) is about 180 minutes. Then carry out the coating with a protective layer. The final stage is quality control for:

• density;
• integrity;
• gloss and characteristic texture (“fern leaves”);
• thickness - 150-1000 microns;
• no cracks.

The durability of metal structures can depend on many factors, however, the rationality of the production of the complex fully comes from 7-15 years. It is for such a period that it allows to achieve high economic efficiency durability guarantee.

The metal produced on the world market is destroyed by corrosion by 30%, which makes anti-corrosion protection the most important task not only for commercial organizations that know how to count their money, but also for the country as a whole. A competent and professional approach to this issue will save 5-10 times the funds that are allocated for metal painting.

The main factors that are taken into account in the anti-corrosion protection of metal structures:

• operational terms from the last repair and anti-corrosion protection;
• general purpose of metal structures;
• climatic and environmental conditions in which the metal structure is used;
• corrosive effect of the environment;
• the degree of integrity of the old coating;
• degree of existing corrosion;
• loads exerted on the metal structure;

Based on these factors, a decision is made:

• choice of anti-corrosion protection technology;
• selection of anti-corrosion coatings and method of their application;

The order of work in the anti-corrosion protection of metal structures using polymeric materials: primers and enamels.

1st stage. Inspection and approximate assessment of the object

• inspection and evaluation of the treated surface;
• preliminary selection of technology for surface preparation;
• preliminary selection of materials for anti-corrosion protection;
• consideration options work from a technical point of view.

2nd stage. Preparation for work

• preparation of design and estimate documentation;
• design, development of a project for the production of works, drawing up regulations for carrying out works on anti-corrosion protection;
• mobilization of equipment, machinery and delivery of materials, as well as preparation for work on site.

3rd stage. Surface preparation

Technological process of dyeing

Anti-corrosion protection of metal as a technological process of painting consists of numerous stages: surface preparation, application of materials, drying of the coating. All operations are subject to strict rules and requirements for them from these standards, as well as in agreement with the Customer. The changes do not apply to environmental parameters - the temperature of the air and the metal surface for cleaning and coating with materials should not exceed the range from -10°С to +40°С. Relative humidity is not more than 85%. The dew point is taken into account - it should be at least 3⁰С less than the heating of the surfaces of metal structures. An important and invariable condition for the control of each layer of coating materials is a contrasting color with respect to the previous coating.

Preparation of a metal structure

Front initial stages cleaning - abrasive blasting, manual or mechanized - leveling work is carried out in order to achieve a uniform result of the metal surface. By using a grinding tool, roughness, weld spatter are eliminated, edges and sharp corners are rounded to a minimum radius parameter of 2 mm. Welds should be inspected for defects - flux, spatter and scale are removed flush. If you do not pay special attention to them, the quality of the anti-corrosion protection of metal structures will be inappropriate, therefore, they will not pass the control and will be dangerous in operation.

This stage includes the following operations:

1. washing areas with old paintwork in order to remove salts and contaminants of various nature;
2. cleaning to remove old paintwork, rust, scale and roughening by abrasive blasting, waterjet or hydrodynamic method;
3. in the case of using hydroabrasive or hydrodynamic cleaning - drying of surfaces;
4. manual cleaning of cooking splashes, rounding of sharp edges in the necessary areas;
5. blowing and dedusting surfaces with compressed air or industrial vacuum cleaners;
6. using hydrocarbon solvents, degreasing surfaces.

Blast cleaning

It is the use in the work of a special unit that supplies a jet of abrasive material to a metal surface at specific pressure values. The degree of abrasive blasting using dry abrasive material complies with GOST 9.402 and corresponds to Sa2 according to ISO 8501-1 and the 2nd degree of cleaning from oxides. Visual inspection and comparison with standards helps to evaluate the quality of cleaning.

As an abrasive material, raw materials are used that meet the requirements of ISO 11124 or ISO 11126 standards. The abrasive parameters are selected to provide an acute-angled surface profile with a roughness within Rys 50-75. The metal surface profile is determined in accordance with ISO 8503-2 using a comparator as "average" (G) in accordance with ISO 8503-1. The average surface profile is the profile between segments 2 and 3, including segment 2, but not higher than segment 3.

Dedusting

The process consists in the elimination of dust and other dry fine-grained contaminants by using special units - industrial vacuum cleaners. According to quality control, the effectiveness of an anti-corrosion coating is directly dependent on the cleanliness of the surface before painting. ISO 8502-3 requires all surfaces to be painted to be dust-free to Grade 1 Class 2 or Grade 2 Class 2 before applying each coat. Compressed air also complies with the standards of GOST 9.010-80 - the content of water and oils is excluded. After dedusting, metal surface must not come into contact with acids, alkalis or other inhibitors that can affect its condition.

Degreasing

Removing oil stains is the most important step in preparing a metal surface before painting. If the procedure is neglected, the quality of the finished steel plate will not pass the subsequent control - swelling, pocketing, etc. are possible. For small local contamination, rags or brushes soaked in solvent are used. Tools should not leave a pile on the steel surface, so after degreasing, the result is controlled by drying the surface.

If the pollution is extensive, a concentrated alkali solution is used to eliminate them - dilution with water is not allowed. Also, hand rags are not used - rags, fabrics, etc. Manipulation consists in supplying a solution with a special device and low pressure. It is allowed to evenly distribute the product over the surface and leave to dissolve the fat for several minutes. Next, clean the steel structure with a brush and rinse running water, to avoid leaving alkali residues on the metal surface, in order to avoid the entry into a chemical reaction of two substances that weaken the characteristics of steel and contribute to corrosion. The degree of degreasing must correspond to the 1st degree in accordance with GOST 9.402-2004.

Quality control is carried out to meet the following categories:

• in accordance with the regulation (PPR) SA 2-2.5 - 3 according to ISO 8501, abrasive blasting is carried out, the quality result of which is compared with the standard;
• according to ISO 8501, manual cleaning must be carried out to the degree of St 2-2.5-3, which is controlled by visual comparison with the standard;
• depending on the PPR conditions, the required roughness is fulfilled, as a standard it should be Rz30-Rz60, it is checked in a visual way using a comparator or instrumental using a profilometer;
• according to ISO 8502-3, dust removal is carried out, which is checked for the size and number of dust particles;
• degreasing is performed, which is checked by luminescence in accordance with GOST 12.2.052-81.

Other Cleaning Methods If abrasive blasting is not an option - hard to reach areas, disproportionate equipment power or abrasive quality - other types of cleaning are acceptable. Among them are manual and mechanized. Features of the latest:

• Mechanized cleaning methods include the use of mechanical brushes with wire bristles. The process occurs when abrasive blasting is not available or is ineffective. In this case, cleaning shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 8501-1 to Sa3.
• Before mechanical cleaning it is necessary to degrease and inspect the surface for the presence of oils, grease, etc. In the process of cleaning with an automatic tool, there is a nuance. Excessive roughness or other surface defects must not be allowed - burrs, ridges, waves, and so on. Also, do not allow excessive polishing of the metal. Caution is needed.

It is highly recommended to clean metal sections of structures with overlapping of neighboring ones by at least 25 mm.

All data received is entered into the ABC work log, as well as into the act of hidden work and is provided either to the customer or to the person of technical supervision.

4th stage. Preparation and application of non-surface anti-corrosion materials

The selected paints and varnishes, when imported to the facility, must necessarily undergo quality control in accordance with the passport data issued for a batch of material.

Manipulations with unpainted surfaces

Places intended for welding or connections to other technological way, according to the rules of the standards are sealed with masking tape. The distance to the intended coloring should be at least 50-100 mm from the edges.

The preparation of materials means mixing them in accordance with the chosen technology to the required viscosity. Mixing with hardeners and solvents occurs in accordance with passport data.

Paints and varnishes are applied to the prepared surface without foreign inclusions.

The anti-corrosion treatment of surfaces itself should be carried out as a standard at air temperatures from 5 to 30 degrees (We also use materials that allow us to work both at negative temperatures up to -30 degrees C and strong positive temperatures up to +60 degrees). At the same time, it is necessary that the temperature of the treated surface be at least 3 degrees above the dew point, in order to avoid the formation of water condensate. Control over the proper quality of this type of work is carried out using a special device that allows you to determine the dew point or several devices that allow you to determine the air temperature in the work area, air humidity in the work area, and the temperature of the substrate (metal).

Coloring

Before applying the compositions, it is necessary to inspect the metal surface for the presence of previously unnoticed defects - rust, grease stains and other deposits. Painting with anti-corrosion materials begins immediately after a multi-stage cleaning to prevent steel oxides. If there is no opportunity to start applying the compositions, before starting work, the cleaning procedures start over.

Painting is carried out by airless method, with the exception of those elements that require stripe painting, stripe painting is carried out manually brushes and rollers.

Stripe painting, gap sealing

The method consists in the transverse application of anti-corrosion paints. Particular attention is paid to painting free edges, welds and other hard-to-reach places. Thus, the most effective dry film thickness (DFT) is achieved.

Bolted and welded connections

Technical requirements for welded and bolted connections are strict. They are the connecting elements. nodal connection Therefore, they must be provided with anti-corrosion protection. The main color of welded and bolted joints is carried out by spraying. It is necessary to repeat the process for hard-to-reach, nuts, edges, etc., using the stripe staining method, using brushes for these purposes. The work is done carefully to securely seal any critical connections and prevent moisture or condensation from entering the steel surface.

Anti-corrosion treatment of metal structures, including for bolts and nuts, involves the use of materials with a higher degree of protection that can preserve the steel structure and operate it much longer.

The layers of anti-corrosion material must be applied evenly and sequentially. Before applying a new layer, the previous one must dry to the extent indicated in the instructions for this paint and varnish material.

The nuances of applying anti-corrosion compounds

Features of the layer-by-layer application of anti-corrosion compounds are as follows:

1. Compliance with intervals. If more than 30 days have passed since the first layer has dried, traces of atmospheric action may appear on the painted surface - white rust, chalking, pollution. There will be a need to re-clean the structure. Therefore, it is necessary to remember the timing.
2. Removal of any contaminants from an already painted surface must be carried out using equipment supplying water or an alkaline solution with a pressure of at least 250-300 bar, otherwise it will not be possible to achieve the required surface.

If, on the contrary, during the drying period of the anti-corrosion composition, the structure becomes glossy, which will negatively affect the subsequent coating, roughening is carried out for better adhesion with the coloring layers.

Coating drying

The final stage of painting the steel surface is drying. It is carried out in a natural environment or, if dimensions allow, in a drying chamber. The latter ensures the speed of the process. Anti-corrosion coatings dry within -10 + 50⁰С, fire protection - from +5... +50 °С.

When applying anti-corrosion protection, it is necessary to use such systems that could protect the metal surface for the longest possible time.

According to the chosen system paintwork materials, an anti-corrosion coating is applied. The most effective are systems with a dry film thickness of 240-300 microns, using materials based on zinc epoxy and polyurethane. Such systems guarantee the durability of protection for 10-25 years, depending on the operating conditions.

5th stage. Quality control

Inspection of the results takes place after applying each layer of anti-corrosion paint. Visual inspection excludes defects - swelling, rust penetration and other unacceptable shortcomings. Measuring instruments the thickness of the film is determined and if its parameters do not comply with these ISO 19840 standards, work is carried out until full acceptance. Special control is given to hard-to-reach places.

Quality control is carried out using special devices, as well as visually in accordance with the requirements of ISO standards. The quality inspector controls all the necessary parameters of the coating.

At visual inspection find out:

• decorative properties;
• identification of unpainted areas;
• coating defects.

With the help of special devices, it is revealed:

• adhesion of the coating to the surface;
• dry film thickness.

The performance of works on anti-corrosion protection of metal must be documented, as well as reflected in the act of acceptance of the work performed. Attached to the deed:

material quality certificates;
• acts confirming the quality of coverage;
• acts for the provision of painting works;
• a certificate confirming the quality of the metal structure coating;
• Journal of the production of the performed works on anti-corrosion protection.

In each individual case, a individual project. If you are interested in our services, call us! Our experts will be happy to advise you on all issues related to this area. They will help you choose the most profitable forms for further cooperation, as well as calculate the cost of work. If necessary, they will provide all possible assistance in solving existing problems.

Steel structures are one of the most demanded materials in the construction industry. Buildings and structures made of metal structures and structures made of metal are reliable, durable and able to function in any climatic conditions, including in water and in aggressive environments. All this provides high-quality anti-corrosion protection, which our company is engaged in. We work with buildings and structures of any complexity and height, easily and efficiently cope with large volumes of work - solid experience and an impeccable reputation help us in this.

Providing a structure with anti-corrosion protection is not only one of the important conditions fire safety, but also important condition practicality and duration of the operational life of the structure as a whole. Thus, the protection of metal structures from corrosion makes it possible to protect buildings from unwanted destruction processes when exposed to moisture and other destructive factors in order to minimize the huge costs of restoration work.

Price for anti-corrosion protection of metal structures:

Methods of anti-corrosion protection of metal structures

A simple metal structure consists in the use of special paints and enamels intended for metal. Similar paints are used for the following designs:

• metal structures with a complex profile,
• large-sized metal structures,
• hardware.

The advantages of paint and varnish coatings are undeniable:

• ease of application,
• a wide selection of colors,
• the possibility of processing large metal structures,
• application for metal structures of complex configuration.

Stages of anti-corrosion treatment of metal structures

Anti-corrosion protection of metal structures is carried out in stages:

1. The preparatory stage, which includes grinding, cleaning, dedusting and priming.
2. The working stage, which consists in applying several layers of protection.

Preparation is understood as abrasive, or sandblasting, surface treatment of structures, structures and various equipment. Such processing will save you from layer scale, soot, old paintwork, hardened and non-hardened petroleum products. After sandblasting, the service life of the coatings applied to the metal surface is greatly increased. Sandblasting is carried out using a special mobile unit, which allows the company's employees to carry out all work on the customer's premises. The productivity of the device is up to 35 m 2 / hour, it all depends on the condition of the initial surface. Cleaning class - up to Sa3 - Sa 2.5 according to the Swedish standard. As a result, the client receives cleaning to a “clean white” metal without any residue of third-party micro-inclusions.

The choice of coating materials and coating system depends on the following factors:

• type of metal structure
• construction state,
• the degree of destruction of the surface,
• degree of corrosion hazard,
• environmental conditions,
• expected duration of protection
• coverage cost.

Materials for anti-corrosion protection of metal structures

A variety of metal products and structures used in a variety of construction works require reliable protection from exposure to an external aggressive environment and, first of all, they must be treated with an anti-corrosion coating.

Therefore, it is necessary to immediately discuss what is corrosion? This process is a certain chemical reaction. It occurs only when favorable conditions appear for this process.

Corrosion can occur on various metal surfaces if:

• the material will interact with water for a certain period of time,
• when the metal surface is in an open area,
• if all operating conditions have not been met, the metal itself is deformed, and its properties change so much that it becomes unsuitable for further use.

The metal undermined by the external environment crumbles, changes color and texture.

Protection methods

Let's deal with the protection measures of this seemingly stable material. The external environment is able to destroy it gradually, due to corrosion and rust that occurs as a result of a chemical reaction on a metal surface.

To prevent the spread of corrosion over the entire surface of the material, anti-corrosion coatings are used. These special means metal protectors help to slow down and further prevent the spread of rust through the metal. Similar corrosion control agents are affordable. They are easy to find in a regular hardware store. This tool quickly enough reacts with rust, affecting its foci.

Not only specialized paints and varnishes can act as means of anti-corrosion protection. The most acceptable and cheap means are paints and enamels with special chemical additives.

Such anti-corrosion measures also have a number of advantages:

1. They are very easy to apply and use, do not require a long training before use or a large team of specialists;
2. They allow you to quickly and efficiently process metal structures of large dimensions and complex design;

In addition, it is not worth denying the fact that the use of such coatings gives the following bonuses:

1. You can get a coating of any color - just choose from the palette and order;
2. Such coatings are quite cheap,
3. They possess high performance protection,
4. If they are damaged during operation, they are easy to restore.

It is also worth noting that these corrosion protection procedures are used primarily as a means of long-term isolation of the metal elements present in the structure. A similar method of metal processing can be advantageously combined with decorative coating finishes. The aesthetic beauty of appearance plays an important role in the overall result of the performed finishing works. After all, if repairs are made carelessly, it is possible that corrosion will return again after a while and bring more more problems associated with the subsequent cleaning of the metal surface.

The anti-corrosion coating has a whole range of positive properties.

Among them stand out in particular:

• water resistance,
• confrontation various types fuel,
• prevention of reactions with most chemical elements that can destroy the protective layer.
• electrical insulation,
• weather resistance.

Such materials are able to realize equally passive and active protection against corrosion. In the form of passive protection, a layer of paint and varnish products physically isolates the metal from moisture. It should be noted that the main types of paint and varnish protection used specifically for the passive protection of metal structures are materials using synthetic binders and paints based on alkyd base. If you need a subtle but quality coating, you should look at bitumen-based paints. If it is necessary to use in an aggressive environment, with high temperature, then you should pay attention to organosilicon enamels.

At the same time, active anti-corrosion protection in itself implies the use of chemical inhibitors in paints that slow down the process of metal oxidation, as well as various other additives. It is worth noting that such coatings will last several times longer than any other layer of passive protection.

Types of anti-corrosion coatings

It is worth noting that there are different types anticorrosive coatings for metal.
Anti-corrosion coatings to protect metal from the external environment are one of the most important areas of production activity of the paint and varnish industry.

Often, in order to prevent the spread of corrosion through metal elements, it is required to comply with all existing for this device or parts of the dwelling, rules of operation. Otherwise, no anti-corrosion paints will be able to hold back rust for a long time.

To begin with, you should ensure good ventilation in the room and at the same time take care of its tightness. This is especially true in autumn, when frequent rains and high humidity create favorable conditions for the occurrence of corrosion.

Initially, the living space needs not only frequent cleaning and ventilation, but also full heating. Humidity must not be allowed to rise. Water is the first enemy of metal structures suffering from corrosion and rust, which provoked it.

It is important to remember that one layer of paint is insufficient protection of the metal from the harmful effects of the environment on it.

Therefore, it is better to spend more financial resources, but to perform high-quality finishing work, which subsequently will not require repeated repairs, or a complete alteration of the entire coating.

The thicker the protective layer, the correspondingly better for the metal coating itself. However, too much paint should not be applied either. Three or four layers will be enough if the enterprise is of the industrial type and the work here is related to the development of chemical elements.

A few coats of paint can do more to protect a coating than a hundred expensive paints and varnishes with anti-corrosion additives.

What should you pay attention to?

However, overuse of available product volumes will not only lead to wastage and a large increase in the time required to dry the metal structure, but also, too thick a layer of paint often causes cracks in the coating that form during drying.

Much depends on the quality of the applied paint. If, before applying the coating, you notice that it is too thin and spreads quickly, the manufacturer may have added an excessive amount of water. Then you will have to purchase another paint or you should add special substances to your existing paint to prevent excessive spreading of the paintwork material.

At the same time, if the paint is applied very thinly, this can lead to ineffective protection of metal structures, which affects the molecular bonds of the paint coating, and also leads to too rapid destruction - that is, the paint will simply be erased, the original color will be lost. appearance coatings.

Safety at work

In order to effectively eliminate the likelihood of poisoning and diseases arising from the production of work related to the application of paint and varnish coatings, you will be required to strictly follow the safety rules.

First of all, in the premises where work will take place, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation. Then if this large room, then people performing paint and varnish work should be provided with all the necessary personal protective equipment - that is, mittens, deaf overalls.

Moreover, special attention from this list should be paid specifically to respiratory protection equipment - that is, masks and half masks - respirators. Also, you or your workers should be mindful of personal hygiene. To clean your hands from paints and varnishes, you can use special cleaning pastes. But under no circumstances do not use solvents to clean the skin, as this leads to a rash on the skin, as well as to the appearance of a variety of allergic irritations.

In order to timely identify a variety of diseases of this nature, it is necessary that people who are engaged in paint and varnish work undergo periodic medical examinations in order to prevent the occurrence of these dermatological diseases.

Metal protection requires special attention and a number of preventive measures to prevent corrosion. If this process could not be avoided, and rust has already appeared on the metal, you will have to work in several stages:

1. Initially, flaw detection should be applied. This method is a detailed study of the surface, in order to detect the degree of corrosion present in the metal. At this stage, diagnostics are carried out, the most acceptable methods for further combating rust and its consequences are determined. In some cases, high-quality and complete finishing of a residential building or an industrial department of an enterprise is required.
2. Preparatory work related to the preparation of the surface for subsequent work aimed at cleaning the metal from rust and finishing work. Sometimes, before painting, a primer or removal of scratches will be required, through which moisture penetrated into the structure of the metal itself, destroying it from the inside. Do not forget that dust is not so harmless and its removal is one of the main stages. preparatory work. After all, dust can contain various chemical elements and compounds that provoke the destruction of metal structures.
3. The last and most important stage is the application of an appropriate paint and varnish substance to the surface of the material. Here you should not rush, the subsequent effectiveness of the protective layer of the paintwork depends on the quality of work. After each subsequent layer, you should wait for it to dry and harden and check the quality of the work performed.

Anti-corrosion coating thickness

Table. Features of coatings of various types of coatings.