Types of feet for sewing machines and their purpose. Modern sewing machines - some concepts

Do you often have to go to the studio for small things or do you have a desire to work as a seamstress at home? It's time to choose a sewing machine that will meet all the requirements. The article will talk about the main types and parameters of household models.

An unmistakably selected machine will save strength and nerves for a novice craftswoman. First you need to decide for what purpose the device is bought. For small repairs and full-fledged sewing of clothes, you will need different types of sewing machines.

Despite its considerable age, this type is often used in home sewing. Mechanical machines are easy to operate, there is no need to delve into the instructions. Due to the simplicity of the device, they rarely need to be repaired. There are no problems with the setting. The manual drive is suitable for all kinds of fabrics, even jeans and leather.

It is easy to master the basic principles of sewing on Singer and Podolsk machines. They perform only a few operations, including decorative stitches. Stitch options are displayed on the panel. There is no difficulty in adjusting the thread tension, stitch length and width. The only drawback is the lack of parts in the workshops. Will have to advertise to buy a used spare part.

Modern modification with electric drive. The control in the device is carried out manually, using a switch. Unlike mechanical machines, they have a lightweight body. The kit includes additional accessories: presser feet, spare bobbins, spool pin and a set of needles.

There are two types of shuttles according to their purpose: vertical and horizontal. In inexpensive models, the first type is installed. During operation, it vibrates, the stitch width is limited, and the needle moves slowly over the fabric. The horizontal shuttle does not tangle the threads, the machine itself does not resonate. The model with a horizontal hook has a wide window through which you can see how much thread is left on the bobbin.

Electric machines are affordable, but not designed for daily use. They are indispensable for small jobs and mending clothes.

This type is suitable for professional sewing. They have a computer with a microprocessor, all commands are displayed on the screen. The machine copes with all fabrics, including velveteen and guipure. The stitch width and length can be adjusted with the key. On average, such models perform up to 60 lines. The screen shows how the line will look on the canvas.

In terms of control, electronic models differ little from the rest. They have a pedal, a lift lever, a bobbin winder. The device independently controls all processes, so sewing on it is of high quality. Electronic models of sewing machines will save time and give impetus to creative ideas. They are indispensable if the hostess decided to sew to order all day long.

A machine that processes the edges of fabrics with a loose weave. The seam is neat and reliable. Most models are equipped with knives that remove excess stock. This feature saves the sewing time.

There is no shuttle in this design. Its work is performed by special loopers. Threading can be difficult at first. On the panel of the machine there are recommendations on how to properly install the threads.

The most complex technique for the home, which creates masterpieces. Via computer program You can decorate the fabric in various embroidery techniques. First, files are loaded, the desired hoop size is selected. Threading the machine desired colors. The embroidery process does not require human control.

For beginners who want to decorate clothes original design suitable for household machine small size. The diagonal of the monitor affects the price-quality ratio. In the most simple models the monochrome display shows the numbers of the color being embroidered. Expensive devices are equipped with a high-resolution color monitor.

Industrial equipment has acquired household modifications. An indispensable tool when processing elastic fabrics. The stitch, made in a special way, prevents additional stretching of the material. Ideal for knitwear, stretch and polyester. The machine performs several options for stitches, but it does it with high quality.

What are the criteria for choosing a sewing machine for the home

Each device is good in its own way. There is no single answer which equipment is better: both mechanical and modern sewing machines have proven themselves well. When buying, you need to rely on several factors.

Number of lines

It is difficult to imagine a model without a basic set of various lines. Beginners will need:

• straight line;
• zigzag;
• line for an invisible hem;
• edge line.

Computerized types of machines contain a wide range of operations. They are able to embroider festoons, ornaments and openwork patterns.

Fabric foot pressure regulator

The pressure on the thin canvas should be stronger. To work with thick material, you need a model with an adjustable foot to facilitate the passage of thickening. In inexpensive sewing machines, the pressure is adjusted using a regulator. Expensive models are equipped with a pressure gain control system.

Thread tension

The upper thread tension is controlled by a special regulator, which is located on the front panel of the machine. The bobbin thread is controlled by the trimmer screw on the hook. If both devices function correctly, then the threads will not intertwine either in the fabric or on its surface. Electronic machines are equipped with a device that adjusts the tension depending on the type of fabric.

loops

If you need a machine for sewing clothes, then you should not save. For the manufacture of loops, it is better to choose a model with automatic mode. It comes with a special foot. The machine will automatically make a loop and perform a bartack. Budget models carry out the task in manual or semi-automatic mode. This is not to say that such functions are inconvenient: at any time you can stop sewing and adjust the fabric manually.

Additional Criteria

To select a sewing machine for home use secondary factors should be taken into account:

1. Company manufacturer. Well-known brands should be preferred. In addition to high-quality goods, a person gets the opportunity to repair the machine in the event of a breakdown. Service centres well-known firms are located in every city.
2. Stitch length. Decorative stitches will be more expressive if the stitch length is 6 mm or more. The longer the stitch length, the denser the fabric can be machined.
3. The weight. The electromechanical machine is most often made of durable plastic. Parts wear out quickly. The weight of a quality device is achieved due to metal parts.
4. Appearance. Even in the budget segment, it is easy to find a model with an original pattern on the panel. But you can't get emotional. You can give preference to beauty after clarifying the technical parameters.

Rating of the best inexpensive sewing machines

European manufacturers are considered leaders in the production of machines. Firms from the Asian region do not lag behind them. New models enter the market with enviable regularity, there is always plenty to choose from. How much is this Appliances? Prices range from five to fifteen thousand.

The electromechanical machine of the Japanese company has won a lot positive feedback among newcomers. It is designed to work with fabrics of various densities. Detailed instructions will tell you which needle and thread thickness is best to choose. The horizontal shuttle runs smoothly without causing any vibration during operation.

The stitch length is 4 mm. The number of operations is 14, this number is enough for repair and tailoring. The function of semi-automatic overcasting of loops is built in, there is lighting. The standard package includes three types of legs and bobbins, a set of needles, a pedal and a screwdriver.

An excellent choice for beginners mastering stitches, backtacks and zigzags. The body is made of white plastic, there is a blue insert. There is a compartment for accessories. Internal details made of plastic, which facilitates the weight of the structure.

From others, the machine is distinguished by a simple appearance. It is equipped with a minimum set of lines. Low speed - what you need for beginners. It is based on an electromechanical device. The internal parts are made of metal. The machine is equipped with a vertical shuttle.

The kit includes five types of paws, needles, bobbins and a knife for ripping seams. The right combination of needle and presser foot can sew through any fabric. You can sew hidden and elastic stitches. The loop is made automatically. Maximum length stitches is 4 mm. The zigzag finishes the edges exactly like an overlocker. In the basic configuration there is a hidden compartment for storing small sewing devices.

The Swedish-made electromechanical machine is easy to operate. It can perform 14 different operations. On the front panel there are knobs and wheels with which the thread tension and stitch length are adjusted. Strict design, reliability and a minimum of operations are perfect for household sewing.

For convenience, there is a markup working surface. The motor performs 860 stitches per minute. The machine sweeps loops in semi-automatic mode. The stitch width is 5 mm. Pressing a button is all it takes to change the presser foot. You can forget about scissors, because the thread cutter is built in. The kit includes a threader. The pedal controls the speed well. The engine runs almost silently.

The best sewing machine in the budget segment. The company has been famous for its products for several centuries. The body of the new model is made in gray color. Metal parts dampen vibration from operation. Electromechanical control is characterized by high power. For an economy-class device, the machine has many operations, there are 32 in total. The maximum stitch length is 4 mm.

The loop is sewn automatically. The design of the foot will not allow the fabric to shift. The needle threader will take care of the health of the eyes. The metal construction and durable needles will cope even with dense material. The horizontal shuttle ensures quiet operation. A transparent window allows you to control the amount of thread on the bobbin. The machine sews 1100 stitches per minute, which is much more than other models. A screwdriver for the foot is no longer needed: the replacement is done with the help of a button. Soft protective case included.

Inexpensive electromechanical machine with a vertical shuttle. Entirely made of metal parts. In addition to a large set of operations, there are many useful gadgets: thread tension adjuster, zipper and button presser foot and threader. You can sew 23 different stitches, including overlock and blind stitches. There is a convenient reverse key.

Power allows you to stitch denim. With a maximum stitch length of 4 mm, the stitches are very neat. The machine sews loops in automatic mode. There is a convenient carrying handle. The kit includes a cover.

The case is made in bright color scheme. The machine performs 10 most necessary operations. Suitable to perform simple tasks. The electromechanical control makes almost no noise. The maximum stitch length is 4.5 mm. The motor provides good sewing speed. The shuttle is vertical. High presser foot lift for heavy fabrics. You can sew on zippers and buttons. The rubberized handle makes it easy to work. The machine is indispensable for repairing clothes and making buttonholes.

Electromechanical machine with bright design will fit into any interior. An excellent choice for young craftswomen.14 sewing operations will cope with the processing of whimsical fabrics. It is based on a vertical shuttle. Elna performs overlock work, suitable for processing stretch fabrics. The machine has a built-in thread tension regulator. You can adjust the stitch length and width. The machine sews 600 stitches per minute. The loop is sewn in semi-automatic mode. The kit includes a foot for sewing in a zipper.

An electromechanical model with great potential. Its technical data is able to compete with industrial machines. TOYOTA carries out 34 types of lines, including decorative ones. Loops are made in semi-automatic mode. The presser foot pressure regulator allows you to work with rough fabrics. The machine does not heat up and does not make loud noises. The kit includes a threader.

Good sewing machine for home. A simple electromechanical model with a minimum of sewing operations. Suitable for processing and repairing clothes. Takes up little space. The linen loop is typed in the semi-automatic mode. Rocking shuttle. The speed of the mode is controlled by the pedal. The quilting foot will help you create layered items. The built-in light bulb illuminates the entire sewing space. Convenient keys quickly adjust the lines.

The overlock function sweeps over the edges of loose fabrics. A special platform will help to sew cuffs, sleeves and legs. It is possible to sew with a double needle. The body and parts are made of metal. The machine is moved with a handle. The kit includes a cover.

Conclusion

Modern sewing machines are a tool for creativity. They allow you to sew and decorate clothes, decorate the house with paintings from fabric and ribbons. Even beginners will get even seams. The machine is indispensable for mothers: children quickly wear out things.

What should I pay attention to when buying a household sewing machine? The range of equipment is not small, you should decide for what needs it will be needed. At first, you should not buy an expensive model. This does not mean that you need to buy the cheapest machine. She is not able to perform some operations qualitatively. In the store, you need to look closely at the power of the motor, the minimum set of lines and the quality of the case.

Sewing machine- This technical device to perform the processes of joining, fastening or finishing parts of garments. Among the huge variety of machines and mechanisms invented by man, the place of honor belongs to the sewing machine. The first draft of a sewing machine was proposed at the end of the 15th century by Leonardo da Vinci. The creators of sewing machines with each model complicated and improved its design. The car became faster and more specialized. At first, all sewing machines were produced with manual drive, and then there were machines with foot and electric drives (Fig. 43).

Rice. 43. Types of sewing machines: a - with manual drive; b - with a foot drive; c - with electric drive

In recent years, global manufacturers have been producing household sewing machines, which, in terms of their characteristics, are increasingly approaching industrial designs. They are varied in design and appearance(Table 6).

Table 6. Modern sewing machines

According to the technical capabilities of the machine are universal. Modern sewing machines are sewing computers with electronic memory and a liquid crystal display. Almost everything is automated in them - from threading to thread trimming at the end of sewing.

All modern household sewing machines are equipped with an electric drive, which consists of two main parts - a pedal and an electric motor. The electric motor is attached to the sewing machine. The pedal is placed on the floor in a convenient location. The electric motor is started by pressing the foot on the pedal cover. The speed of machine stitching depends on how hard you press the pedal: the more pressure on the pedal, the faster the speed. As soon as they start to release the pedal, it returns to its original position, the speed decreases until the machine stops completely.

As you have noticed, the types of household sewing machines are diverse. However, the device, adjustment and rules for their operation have much in common. As an example, the following are proposed: an electric sewing machine (Fig. 44, A) and a foot-operated sewing machine (Fig. 44, B).

Rice. 44. The device of a household sewing machine:
A. a - platform: 1 - sliding plate, 2 - shuttle, 3 - presser foot, 4 - fabric motor; b - sleeve: 5 - flywheel, 6 - reverse feed lever, 7 - stitch length regulator;
B. a - platform: 1 - presser foot, 2 - sliding plate, 3 - fabric motor; b - sleeve: 4 - foot lifting lever, 5 - flywheel, 6 - stitch length regulator

Before working on a sewing machine, you should study its device. To do this, you must familiarize yourself with the instructions "Machine Operation Manual", which is attached to each sewing machine when it is purchased. Sanitary and hygienic requirements:

1. Place a chair in front of the needle of the machine.
2. Sitting behind the machine should be straight, on the entire plane of the chair, slightly tilting the body and head forward.
3. Place your hands on the platform of the machine, elbows - on the same level with the table.
4. Observe the position of the hands: right hand in front of the left, under the sleeve of the machine, the left - guides the fabric (Fig. 45).

Rice. 45. Posture of hands while working on a sewing machine

Safe work rules:

1. Remove all foreign objects from the sewing machine platform.
2. Make sure before work that there are no needles and pins in the product.
3. Do not keep your feet on the pedal when refueling the machine.
4. Watch the position of the hands, do not bring them close to the moving needle.
5. Do not lean close to moving or rotating machine parts.
6. Do not transfer tools, product or parts while the machine is switched on.

Basic terms and concepts

Sewing machine, sleeve, platform

Questions and tasks

1. What are the rules that will ensure safety when working on a sewing machine.
2. Why do you think it is necessary to know sanitary and hygienic requirements?
3. What are sewing machines? What are they for?
4. What are the main parts of a household sewing machine?

Practical work 6. Exercise in sewing at idle

Equipment: sewing machine, piece of fabric, ruler, tailor's chalk.

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Each person chooses his own way of using modern technology. Most people assign purely domestic tasks to electrical appliances. The use of a sewing machine is knocked out of this row. These devices can act as a utilitarian high-performance tool, perform a task with a minimum of intervention, and serve as a creative tool. Types of sewing machine feet and their purpose - information that can help home craftsmen and craftswomen rediscover their familiar working tool.

What will be discussed

We will not consider the professional and semi-professional class of machines. They are usually equipped with many additional devices to perform operations of high complexity. For example, there is often an upper conveyor for feeding several layers of fabric, there are separate modes for processing loops, performing other work in semi-automatic or automatic mode.

Moreover, we will not touch on industrial devices. The description will refer to feet for simple household sewing machines. Sets of such functional devices can be easily purchased. For example, in the LADY SEW series there are dozens of sets, each of which has several paws designed for individual jobs.

By choosing a specific set, you can ideally meet your needs for creativity or functionality. At the same time, it is not difficult to understand which foot in the sewing machine for what, there is detailed instructions by use.

The foot is attached to the car quite simply. Most modern devices are equipped with a standardized holder. The complete foot is removed, a new one is installed, if necessary, its position is corrected. At this stage, the preparation of the machine for work ends, and you can easily perform sewing with the necessary operations.

What types of paws are

It is very difficult to describe all classes of sewing feet. There are really a huge number of them. Even within the same category, there is a large variation. For example, special quitting feet can be open and closed, made of different materials, have a different configuration from each other. Therefore, we will touch on devices, the use of which will be useful for most modern housewives.

1. Zigzag. Quite versatile and handy. With it, you can make a straight line and the actual zigzag. Almost all major types of fabrics are processed, so most housewives often use this nozzle instead of the standard one.
   
2. For stitching zippers. The foot for work with lightnings offers at once two modes of use. With its help, you can easily sew a fastener into clothes without fiddling with a turn at the bottom, the nozzle presses the fabric and makes it easy to track the stitch. To work from both sides, the device has two recesses for the movement of the needle. Using this foot, you can also sew on the edging, while the wide one is processed in the same way as a zipper, and the narrow one is attached close to the edge.
   
   There are many varieties of paws for lightning. They differ in both size and configuration of the anterior tissue sampling area.
   Nozzle for hidden zipper solves another problem. When sewing on such an element of clothing, a thickening is inevitably formed on the fabric - it becomes difficult to stretch it. With the help of the foot, which has a recess for the passage of material, it is easy to sew, no effort is required.
   
3. For knitwear. Knitwear is very delicate, it needs to be sewn carefully. The most common problem is picking up thread or fabric that falls directly into the needle grip area. The foot for knitwear has an additional stop, which cuts off the zone of movement of the needle. At good models on this part, a rubber (or silicone) pad is additionally installed, which handles the fabric very carefully.
   
   
4. For cords and tucks. A series of paws designed to create tucks have special protrusions on the sole. With their help, two tasks are solved at once:
   • the fabric can be easily assembled, depending on the configuration of the nozzle, tucks with different geometries are obtained;
   • it is very easy to form straight lines with a perfectly parallel arrangement.

   Using such a device, you can also sew on cords for decorating clothes.
   
   This can be done either with a foot with recesses in the sole, or with a special model where holes are provided for feeding cords.
   
   Such a product works better and more conveniently, but is used only for one operation.

5. For bending. The processing of thin and light fabrics, such as silk, always has its own characteristics. One of them is the need to make a small hem so as not to make the product heavier and not change the geometry of the clothing elements. To solve this problem, the foot for a small hem is designed.
   
   Such a nozzle will capture the minimum amount of tissue, gently bend it and feed it into the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe needle. At the same time, a minimum of effort and attention is required from the needlewoman.
6. With top conveyor. As the name implies, the purpose of the foot is to feed the fabric from above, in addition to the regular mechanism of the machine. In fact, the working method is somewhat different, but the result is acceptable: with the help of such a nozzle, it is easy to sew several layers of fabric without shifting them relative to each other.
   
   For this class of presser feet, products are typical that additionally allow you to make stitches with an even distance between them. To do this, the nozzle is equipped with a stop, which is horizontally adjustable and acts as a kind of ruler.
7. For bias tape. Sewing on a bias tape is difficult. You need to evenly space the edges on both sides of the fabric. In the conditions when Bottom part not visible, only an experienced seamstress will do a quality job. A special foot will allow you to do this operation without difficulty. It is enough to insert the inlay, place the fabric in the foot and press the starter pedal of the machine. In the process of work, you only need to gently pull the inlay through the foot.
   

There are quite technological products that serve to perform really complex operations. Devices for creating assemblies, for example.

They allow you to assemble the assembly and sew it to the fabric at the same time. Inexpensive models may require retrofitting the machine with a low-slung adapter and will definitely make you get used to the peculiar sewing mode. Complex and expensive mechanisms for creating assemblies allow the needlewoman to make a minimum of effort to create really high-quality products.

Conclusion

As mentioned above, it is very difficult to tell in full which legs for a sewing machine are. Among them are simple ones made of transparent material that enhance complex work, such as embroidery, by allowing you to track the overlap of the pattern. There are large-scale fixtures for creating circular seams. There are simple attachments for sewing on buttons, sewing at a certain distance from the edge, with cut-off knives. The use of each of them differs in convenience and efficiency. From the housewife, only one thing is required - to buy a set with the necessary devices, having thought before that and accurately assessing exactly what functionality she wants to receive.

Your decision to purchase a sewing machine is final and not subject to appeal. It remains only to determine: what? And this is where a lot of people get stuck. Navigating the existing diversity is not easy, but we will help. First of all, let's tell you what is really worth paying attention to.
Content:
Company manufacturer
Types of sewing machines
Model Capabilities
Additional accessories

In fact, any, even the simplest sewing machine, can help you create a masterpiece. In the end, the era of the great couturiers fell in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, when sewing machines only came into use and were quite simple. Neither about computer control, nor about electric drive there was no question, but it was in those days that such great masters as Charles Worth, Elsa Schiaparelli and Coco Chanel lived and worked.
At the same time, it is foolish to deny that a good and properly selected sewing machine saves time, effort and nerves of the master. How to make the right choice, not get lost in a huge number of companies and models, choose from the list of functions what you need, and not pay too much?

Let's try to figure it out. First, decide exactly what you need a machine for. You just want to have it on hand so that you can shorten too long trousers on your own, without running to the atelier every time, sew up a jacket torn by a child and hem new curtain and you are unlikely to aim for something more? Maybe you have a desire to sew carnival costumes for children, or are you determined to come to grips with your wardrobe? If you are going to sew, then what? Summer dresses made of light fabrics, or coats and harsh jeans? Or maybe mostly tuned to knitwear? Having decided, you can begin to choose the model that is optimal for your purposes.
Let's define the points on which to make a choice. Firstly, this is the manufacturer, secondly, the type of sewing machine, and thirdly - necessary set functions that will define a specific model. Let's start with the first one.

Company manufacturer

Here, as in any other area, there are market leaders and little-known firms.
The most famous are Bernina, Janome, Pfaff, Brother, Singer, Husqvarna. The choice among the leading manufacturers is largely determined by personal preferences, the presence in the store of a choice of the machines themselves and additional accessories for them. You should also take into account the presence of service centers in your place of residence, with a large "mileage" of the machine, this factor begins to play a significant role.

With less well-known firms, things are not so clear. Often, with the same set of functions, a machine of an unknown company costs significantly less.
But apart from the obvious risk of getting worst quality, here you can stumble upon another pitfall - difficulties in acquiring additional paws and accessories.
Little-known firms often have very exotic presser foot attachments or bobbin sizes.
Therefore, if you still decide to save money, be sure to find out which accessories are suitable for this model, and whether you will be able to purchase them without extra hassle and overpayments.

Types of sewing machines

All sewing machines are divided into industrial and household. Usually, a household one can do a lot of things at once, and an industrial one can do one thing, but it can do this one thing very well and for days, years, kilometers - without breaking. At least that's the idea.
However, industrial machines you are unlikely to be interested, unless you intend to open a small sewing enterprise, they are very expensive, bulky and noisy in operation, so in this material we will concentrate on household ones. Household machines are divided into: electromechanical, computer, sewing and embroidery, embroidery, overlocks, stitching, coverlocks.
What does it all mean, and which category to choose?

1. Electromechanical sewing machines- the simplest of all. The entire internal filling of such a machine is mechanics, that is, levers, shafts and gears. Electric is only the engine that sets it all in motion.
Of the undoubted advantages of this type - reliability, low price, inexpensive repair in case of breakdown. Conventional electromechanical machines are inferior to computer ones in terms of speed and number of functions, since technological features designs do not allow stitching complex shape, but are perfect for beginner seamstresses or those who want to have a reliable assistant for small household needs. However, a coat, and jeans, and a ball gown are quite capable of a good and properly adjusted electromechanical typewriter. The approximate price category of such machines is 3-5 thousand rubles. Simple, accessible, reliable.

2. Computer sewing machines are distinguished by the presence of a computer board that carries out the general management of the process, which allows this type of machine to carry out rather intricate stitch programs. The movement of the needle relative to the tissue in them is controlled by a microprocessor. What a particular model can do depends on the amount of memory and the number of programs of this machine “brain”.
Their starting price is about two to three times the price of electromechanical ones. At first glance, a huge number of types of stitching seems to be an undoubted advantage. These are 15 types of different loops, and chains of different flower-leaves, and a dozen overlock lines, and knitted seams. But take a closer look at this list and think about which ones you personally will actually use? It turns out that you don’t need a part at all, and another part is numerous duplicates of the same thing with minor digressions.




Personally, I regularly use six to seven of the 56 stitches that I have in my car, and use two more from time to time. However, it is impossible not to notice that this already greatly expands my capabilities in comparison with working on an electromechanical sewing machine. So do not be tempted by an excess of functions, it is not at all a fact that you will need all of them. Or rather, the fact that you are unlikely to even ever try many of them.
Several types of overlock stitches, a knitted stitch, a triple reinforced stitch, a knitted buttonhole and an eyelet buttonhole will be useful in work, in addition to the usual buttonhole, of course. The rest of the features are up to you, just don't let this variety go to your head. It's a shame to pay extra money for something that you will never use.
The undoubted advantage of a well-functioning computer machine is the speed and accuracy of work. If your plans include kilometers of frills and sewing to order for 8 hours a day, a computer machine will save you a lot of time and give you additional opportunities for creativity. The buttonhole with the eyelet is, of course, a small thing, but this little thing affects the whole look of the coat.
Of the minuses - high price, capriciousness in setting up and repairs in which case are more expensive.

3. Sewing and embroidery and embroidery machines. Everything is simple here, unlike industrial embroidery machines, which, in fact, can only embroider, such combines often combine two functions.
In my personal opinion, budget versions of sewing and embroidery machines combine these functions very badly. They are too capricious compared to ordinary sewing ones, and compared to full-fledged embroidery ones, they are too limited in embroidery capabilities. And more expensive models also scare the price. Therefore, I recommend considering this class of machines exclusively as embroidery machines and purchasing them based on these goals.
Also, do not think that by buying an embroidery machine for 100-300 thousand, you will immediately create a masterpiece. Embroidery on a sewing machine is also an art that needs to be learned. In courses or independently, from books or online lessons. In general, working on it is somewhat reminiscent of working in Photoshop. You can go to a specialized site, type in motifs drawn by someone, quickly read the instructions and glue them together as you can, adding stars and hearts with a stamp. But if you look at the masterpieces created by professionals, it becomes clear that this is not even a third of the capabilities of this tool.
So, think carefully about whether you need it, and to be honest, in most cases it is much easier and incomparably cheaper to order embroidery in a workshop that already has serious equipment and good master. Outsourcing is everything. Personally, that's how I usually do it.

4. Cover sewing machines. They are flatbed machines.
Designed to make an elastic flat seam used to close the hem section of the edge of a knitted product.
All this complex verbal construction refers to the seam that you can see on the hem and sleeves of almost any T-shirt.
Among household machines, two types of flat seams can be performed: flat seams and coverlocks.
A regular seam looks the same from the right side and from the wrong side, as the upper thread is looped around the bottom (bobbin) and tightened.
A flat or chain stitch looks different. It is obtained by the simultaneous operation of two or more needles and loopers.
This type of sewing machine is designed to work with elastic "stretch" fabrics. If T-shirts, swimwear and tracksuits are your main goal, this is your choice. Price category from 10-15 thousand rubles.

5. Overlock is a machine with one or two needles, equipped with a trimming mechanism and designed for overcasting the edges of a wide variety of garments. When choosing an overlocker, first of all, you should focus on convenience when refueling and sewing. We should also not forget about the possibility of overcasting with a different number of threads. Most overlockers perform 3- and 4-thread overcasting, suitable for most fabrics, and rolled overcasting. On higher-end overlocks, there is a 2-thread overcasting designed for the finest fabrics such as silk or chiffon, as well as for decorative trimming.


In principle, there are overlock functions in computer sewing machines. But a seam made on a real overlocker is much more accurate and reliable. In addition, the overlocker is equipped with knives that cut off the excess allowance themselves, aligning the edge, which saves time. In general, if you sew regularly, and the free space allows you to place two units, the overlock will be a very useful acquisition, but if not, you can do without it. In any case, it does not replace the sewing machine, but only complements it. It is not intended for the assembly of product parts. The price of overlocks starts from 6-7 thousand, for 10 you can buy a quite decent model.

>6. Coverlock is a relatively new invention that many are not very familiar with. This name was invented by Pfaff marketers for their range of such machines and patented, after which it became firmly established in everyday life. It combines the word "overlock" and the English term coverstitch, that is, "covering" or "closing" stitch. This machine can perform both overcasting of garments, and flat seams and a straight chain stitch, that is, it combines an overlock and a cover stitch machine. The price of carpet locks is quite high and starts from 25-30 thousand.
Like the cover stitching machine, the coverlock is designed to work with knitwear. The design also implies the presence of several (from 2 to 10) upper threads and loopers, with which you can create various, sometimes very complex seams that are indistinguishable from industrial ones.
What to choose for working with knitwear - a carpet or a pair - an overlock plus a sewing machine? On the one hand, at the carpet large quantity loopers, which allows you to perform more complex seams, it alone takes up much less space, and its high price is quite comparable to the total cost of a cover and overlock. On the other hand, when processing a garment, it may first be necessary to overlock, then a flat seam, overlock again, again a flat seam, and so on every five minutes.
In the case of two machines, this will not present any difficulty, and each time the carpet lock will have to be reconfigured from a flat seam to an overlock or stitch-overlock and vice versa. And this is a rather long and painstaking process, which, even with skill, takes several minutes. Decide which is more convenient for you.

Model Capabilities

This question is most acute when choosing specific model computer sewing machine. It is in this type of machine that the number of lines often exceeds two hundred and causes ripples in the eyes and dizziness. You need to start your choice not at all with the number of lines. There are more important parameters which should be determined first.
1. Type of fabrics for which the machine is designed. There are machines for working with any kind of fabrics, there are models designed for light and medium, or vice versa, for medium and heavy fabrics. If you definitely know that your main field of activity will be, for example, dance dresses made of silk and chiffon, take a machine for light fabrics, it will work with them better than a universal one. If your choice is coats and jeans, look for models for medium and heavy fabrics. Usually they have more clearance between the presser foot and the needle plate, which allows you to put a thicker layer of fabric under the foot, and a more powerful motor that can sew this layer.
2. Maximum stitch length(sometimes up to 5 mm) and the maximum width of the zigzag (up to 7 mm). The more these parameters, the better: it expands the field of possibilities.
3. Shuttle type: the hook is vertical, with a removable bobbin case, as well as horizontal, where there is no bobbin case. The second option is more modern and reliable, in it less details that might break.



4. The loop can be automatic and semi-automatic. "Full" automatic machine allows you to perform up to 7 different types of loops, in one operation sweep the loop exactly to the size of the button, remember the size and repeat the loop of the same size as many times as you need.

Automatic buttonhole foot

Buttonhole foot

The semi-automatic loop is usually performed by simpler models.
Here you determine the size, guided by the markings on the foot, the loop is overcast in 4 consecutive operations.
It's not difficult and not that very long, but if you multiply by 10, 20, 30 buttons per suit, the difference is decent.

5. Optional, but very handy features are built-in needle threader, twin needle sewing capability, needle position button and spot bartack button. If you are going to sew a lot, you should pay attention to the possibility of working without a pedal and external speed control, this saves your foot a lot, which after 4-5 hours of continuous pressing the pedal starts to complain, besides, the pedals fail faster than the machines themselves, And they do it, as a rule, at the most inopportune moment.
On this general recommendations end and it remains to choose from the mass of offered lines, fonts and flowers the set that is useful to you personally, and finally I will talk about one more very important point.

Additional accessories

The possibilities of the machine you purchased in the basic configuration are far from the limit. a huge role accessories play as a result and speed of its achievement. The fact is that for a quality result it is very important to choose the right foot, needle and thread for each fabric and operation. A table of the ratio of the thickness of needles and threads is in the instructions for the sewing machine, and here you are unlikely to be mistaken.
But in addition, there are special needles for difficult fabrics, for example, they will be needed to work with leather, jeans, stretch fabrics and jersey. Different sharpening of the tip allows them to work most accurately with the material for which they are intended. Very often situations arise when a novice seamstress scolds the machine for skipping stitches or another seam marriage, and the point is just the wrong choice of needle.


There is also a huge variety of paws. On one of the largest Russian-language forums dedicated to needlework, the topic about various paws occupies more than 200 pages and is regularly updated. At the same time, only the bare minimum is included in the basic package. And here the initial choice of the machine begins to play a role. Your opportunities in the end may rest on how easy it is for you to purchase additional paws.
I would like to draw attention to the most frequently used of those that are usually are not included in the basic package.
1. Teflon, with this foot you will have no problem sewing products made of difficult-to-transport materials such as leather, plastic, suede, faux fur, etc.


2. Roller Hem Foot, allows you to thinly fold and hem the edge. They are available for hemming with a width of 2, 4 and 6 mm.


3. Feet for shirring and for sewing on frills:



4. Bias binding foot:


5. Foot for sewing on beads and sequins:


And hundreds more types of paws, attachments and devices designed to take on what was previously only possible to do by hand. Make your work easier and turn sewing into an exciting process.
Of course, this is not all that can be said about sewing machines. Despite the apparent similarity, each model may have nuances and subtleties that will make it the most suitable, or vice versa, unacceptable for you personally. The convenience of threading, the location of buttons and control levers, the sound during operation, the type of light bulb, and more, and more. Ideally, you should go to the showroom of a large store and sit at different models, thread, sew a test line, trying how it will be and whether it will be convenient for you.
Author: Maria Surgay

Industrial sewing machines are very different from standard models. First of all, it is worth highlighting the versatility of shuttles. Depending on the type of construction, belt and chain stitch units are distinguished. Machines are also divided according to the level of automation.

The market shows fully mechanical and automatic mechanisms. Automatic machines and semi-automatic machines are placed in a separate subgroup. In order to understand these devices in more detail, it is necessary to consider the existing classification of models.

Aggregate classes

Shown on the market various special sewing machines. Car classes help people learn about the purpose of any modification.

• Single-strand models are sold with marking 24.
• Class 50 indicates that the device is suitable for cover stitching.
• Double thread types are marked 62. Class 70 tells that the machine is made with combined ties.
• The number 88 on the unit indicates the versatility of the shuttle. Such models are perfect for the studio. Class 90 devices are used for blind stitching.
• Marking 101 on the unit indicates the presence of a vertical shuttle.
• These devices are suitable not only for hidden stitches, but also for sewing zippers. Class 112 is assigned to machines that are needed for overlock stitches. There are also types of devices for direct firmware. This is a class marked 130.

Overview of Brother B845 machines

These industrial units are created with 2 needle threaders. The length of the stitches can be adjusted by the master.

Reviews about Brother B530

This direct model gets excellent reviews from buyers. First of all, it should be noted shuttle function. It is designed for 10 programs. The machine can be used for direct stitching. However, its main task is considered to be winding work. A swing type needle threader is used.

The thread tension device is installed in the upper part of the body. If you highlight the parameters, then the power is at around 88 watts. Embroidery speed 300 lines per minute. The bobbin in this case can be adjusted with a special handle. The machine weighs a lot, and is considered stable. It is not suitable for stitching leather. It should also be noted that in the configuration there are only three paws to choose from. It turns out that it is difficult to perform a blind seam using this machine. The cost of the device is 41 thousand rubles.

Features and functions Brother B780

These industrial units are different excellent needle threader with support. In total, the machine uses 2 coils. If desired, the bobbins can be changed quickly. A special device is used to tension the thread. This unit is suitable for decorative construction. In this case, the presser foot feed mechanism is located next to the needle threader.

The machine uses an asynchronous motor. The stitch can be set to a maximum of 3 mm. The bobbin in this case is simply adjustable. Such a model is sold in stores at a price of 32 thousand rubles. In different studios, it is quite in demand.

Features JACK JK-781D

These models are created with a vertical shuttle. The buttonhole length can always be changed. You need to know that the shuttle device helps to make more than 6 different lines. The stitch can be set to a maximum of 4 mm. The unit is not suitable for direct sewing of material. First of all, it is worth mentioning a small set of paws. Bobbin pressure regulator mechanical type. However, the advantages include compactness and excellent stability.

If desired, the foot can be changed quickly. Reiki for material supply - segment type. The sewing speed of the machine is quite good. The gasket is very soft, it is easy to work with the machine. According to users, there are almost no problems with a hidden seam. In the configuration for the device, the user can find a huge set of needles that will be required for work. The machine is for sale at a price of 33 thousand rubles.

Conclusion

The choice of a sewing machine always rests on your shoulders., and rightly so, no one will be able to tell you the option that you need, except for professionals in their field. Read the reviews and draw your own conclusion, but if the price doesn't suit you, you should look for more. profitable offer in online stores. Do right choice good luck with your work!