Electromagnetic lock 4 wires connection diagram. Electromagnetic locks for access control systems

Alexei

Installing even the simplest locking device requires skills in working with the tool. If you don’t have any difficulties in this matter, then installing an electromechanical lock is quite affordable for you.

And connecting it to a video intercom will not cause any special problems, so you can safely get down to business.

If you doubt own strength, then you can contact specialists. Today, there are companies providing this type of service in every locality. In our article we will give necessary recommendations for those who decide to do the installation themselves.

Features of electric locks

What is such a locking device? This is one of the types of electric lock. Its operating principle is based on a mechanical effect on the locking mechanism, which is created by a solenoid or a miniature electric motor.

The advantages of this model include its unique characteristics.

After all, it combines into one whole best qualities traditional castles and high level comfort. Structurally, it differs from the classic one in that it can be controlled as plastic card either a remote key fob or a classic key.

Externally, such locks are similar to classic mortise and overhead models. The only difference is the presence of locking elements equipped electrical device, which includes crossbars and a solenoid.

Let's watch the video, operating principle and device:

Installing a lock largely repeats the installation of conventional models. But the door is locked by a locking bolt connected to an electric drive. Therefore, wires from the control device are connected to the lock.

Let's move on to installation work

The counter part is positioned in accordance with the specific design of the door frame. It can be done in two ways:

• Placed under the mating part of the metal plate;
• Cutting out the required opening with a grinder in the door frame.

We have reviewed general scheme installation of an overhead electromechanical lock. But there may be other installation options, for example, on metal door. Mortise models also have their own design.

Connecting the lock to the intercom

If you decide to install a locking device in conjunction with an access control system, you can use one of standard circuits, choosing the simplest one. In it, the installation of a video intercom is carried out in a standard way, and to connect a locking device to it you will need a second cable.

The principle of assembling the installation and connection diagram of the electromechanical lock is as follows. First, install a monitor and a power supply that will supply voltage to the locking device. The cable is connected from the intercom to the panel, and from the battery to the lock. However, the final connection is made with a loop to the back of the ringer.

One of the power cables is opened by the panel control contact, the second remains free. With this connection, it turns out that by pressing a button, the locking device is controlled. An impulse is sent from the video monitor to the calling device. This, in turn, closes the internal relay and voltage is supplied to the lock - it opens.

Let's watch the video review, connecting to the video intercom:

It is also possible to use a connection diagram with a controller. In this case, the lock can be opened using a magnetic key or a special card. This device stores key codes and controls the locking mechanism.

Basic installation requirements

If you decide to do everything yourself installation work, then we must take into account following points problems that may arise when connecting an electromechanical lock to a video intercom. It is important to take all measurements correctly. If errors are made in them, then the response part may be at a great distance from the main one, which will interfere with the normal functioning of the mechanism.

When installing equipment, tighten all screws securely. This is done because they can relax when the door hits. If they are loosely tightened, then over time they will have to be installed again.

After completing the installation work, take the time to test the lock. In case of unstable operation and periodic jamming, it is worth dismantling the equipment and reinstalling it, strictly observing all the manufacturer’s requirements.

If you are sure that everything was done correctly, but the lock still does not work, you will have to turn to the services of specialists. This will help save time and achieve a positive result.

The location of the equipment depends on the specifics of the building. If you decide to use an intercom and an electromechanical lock in own home, then you can use a system that includes 2 or more panels that allow you to control simultaneously from different rooms.

Let's watch the video, collaboration lock and intercom:

The monitor is usually located near the front door, but it can be installed in an office or living room. The purpose of the monitor is to communicate and remote control locking device.

The calling panel is installed next to front door. It can be with or without a video camera. Electromechanical lock for video intercom and intercom, you can choose any model. The power supply is determined depending on the system and its components. Connecting wires - experts recommend using a combined ShSM designed for such systems. All connections during installation should be soldered and insulated. This will help achieve efficient work equipment under any conditions.

When buying wires, be sure to take into account how far the panel and monitor are from each other. If it is less than 30 m, then the above material is suitable. For longer systems, experts recommend choosing a coaxial cable for transmitting the signal from the camera; for other connections, use a shielded cable. The cross-section for the supply cable must be more than 0.75 mm² and the brand SHVVP.

Conclusion

The principle of connecting a video intercom in combination with an electromechanical lock with your own hands was outlined in our article. As you can see, there is nothing complicated about it, and if there is a desire, everyone can cope with this task.

A magnetic locking device includes a core and coil (called an electromagnet), a magnetized panel, a housing, and a controller to operate the lock. In addition, for this type of device to operate, a power supply is required. Magnetic locks have been widely used in the public sphere, they are installed on doors in hypermarkets, offices, industrial premises, as well as on entrance doors. What role does the lock controller play in a magnetic locking device? It’s worth understanding.

Why is a lock controller needed?

To understand this issue, you need to understand the operating principle of the electromagnetic lock itself. When the lock operates, a direct current is supplied to the winding, under the influence of which a magnetic field is formed in the coil. This field attracts a plate attached to the door, resulting in the door being held tightly by the magnet. To open it you will have to relieve the tension.

The controller is responsible for turning off and on the voltage supply to the winding of such a lock. The electronic part of the lock is necessary in order to remove residual magnetization from the coil for normal opening of the door. If the package also includes a sensor, then the controller will control the door, i.e. whether it is closed or not. At the same time, in some models of locks, the time for the lock to operate is set in the controllers.

Electromagnetic locks are opened from the outside using electronic keys or cards that need to be attached to an information reader attached to the outside of the door. The key or card code is stored in the controller's memory. It is almost impossible to find such a code, since it contains 64 bits of information, in other words, it is more than a billion possible combinations of digital code. To open the door with inside, to do this, simply press the exit button located on the lock or access control system.

Connection diagram of a locking device paired with a controller

So, the controller is an electronic chip necessary to open a locking device with an intercom using a key with a specific code. Manufacturing technologies make it possible to create controllers that can manipulate different types locks Connecting a lock using a controller to the network is easy. The trick is that the controller itself must be secured close to the door. On street door it is placed in a special box.

When connected, the main control contact of the call panel is connected to the “exit” button. As a result, the controller recognizes the activation of the relay as pressing a button, so the door opens.

Controller Z-5R

One of the most common controllers for locking devices is the Z-5R modification. The integrated circuit of this controller has many advantages. Let's look at them.

The scope of application of the Z-5R is very wide. It is used to control access to various types of magnetic and electromechanical locks. For controlling intercoms and complex multi-element electrical diagrams, controlling access to the premises or protected area. The operation of the controller is accompanied by sound signals that notify that the lock is opened or that it is impossible to provide access to it. This controller can be placed in a special box or work without it, depending on operating conditions.

Programming the controller using the example of Z-5R

The process of programming the controller is extremely simplified, so if you know the procedure, then even a child can handle this simple operation. We begin programming by applying the admin key to the data reader and holding it for some time. We wait until the controller makes a sound, this will mean that the device has identified the key. After this, if everything is normal, the device will beep, then this should be taken as a readiness to write down key codes. Now we take new keys and bring them one by one to the reader for recording, not forgetting to withstand 16 second pauses, you can bring 1364 pieces.

Controller "Digital TS-01"

Another interesting controller, in our opinion, is the Digital TS-01. This universal controller model is suitable for controlling electromechanical and electromagnetic locks different modifications. Thanks to the built-in memory, such a controller stores information about 2000 keys. You can expand this number to 16,000, which is plenty, not that for apartment building- for a small village.

The “abilities” of the controller are practically no different from the “abilities” of the previous sample. The controller chip is capable of:

1. Record the admin key.
2. Monitor and regulate the lock opening time.
3. Selectively or completely erase key information.
4. Write information about the keys into memory one by one.
5. Write key data to specific external media.
6. Sound notification of various significant actions.
7. Sound notification of microcircuit malfunction.
8. Collect data and select the lock type.
9. Connect to a computer and transmit or receive data.

Bottom line

To summarize, we note that electromagnetic lock controllers These are unique irreplaceable modules that control locks, significantly expanding their functionality. Controllers contain a considerable amount of data that allows intelligent control locking devices.

• Power supply for electromagnetic and…

Brings to your attention instructions for installing an electromagnetic lock. Now you can easily forget about simple locks. Electromagnetic locks capable of creating a force of 350 kg. You just need to connect the electromagnetic lock.

Today, an electromagnetic lock can do a lot. You will need a low level of power wastage to operate it. His efforts will ensure reliable protection from thieves. In this article you will find information on how to install electromagnetic lock with your own hands.

What is an electromagnetic lock?

Many people don’t know how an electromagnetic lock works? If you understand its design, then you can understand that the operating principle of an electromagnetic lock is simple. Inside there is a coil that is wound on a core. The belly of the electromagnetic lock is filled with compound. This is the internal structure of the electromagnetic lock. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in its design.

The holding force of the plate will depend on the following factors:

1. Contact area between core and plate.
2. Number of turns of wire.
3. Current.

The force of attraction in an electromagnetic lock will depend on the voltage. That is why the greater the tension, the greater the force of attraction of the lock. You also need to remember not to overload the lock with high voltage. As a result, its coil will overheat. That is why if you have installed this device, you will need to match it.

Some electromagnetic locks can be repaired. They have no filler inside, so you can easily remove the coil. Thanks to the supply of direct current, the coil does not heat up. If your lock is generating heat, then this may be due to the following factors:

1. Magnetization reversal of steel.
2. Eddy currents.

Both phenomena can be easily eliminated with the help of special measures. If your electromagnetic lock overheats, then it is necessary to install varnish insulation. After a power outage, you have an oscillatory circuit that will generate alternating current. The direction of the field will change very quickly. As a result, the voltage will drop and the door will open.

Installing an electromagnetic lock with your own hands is a fairly simple process. Almost anyone can perform the installation. Before connecting an electromagnetic lock, you need to decide what type of operation it has. There are locks that work to close or open. To do this, you need to set the jumper switch correctly. In this case, the number of output terminals can increase to five:

• Two pins will be used to supply power to the device.
• Three contacts can serve as a switch. The general contact will always work. Others will depend on the state of the button.

According to these factors, you need to select a controller. Before connecting the electromagnetic lock, you need to find out:

1. Is there a limiting thyristor?
2. Is there a capacitance built inside to block magnetization?
3. What does the lock react to, and what type of control is available.

During connection, you need to connect the device to the intercom. The controller must have an input for unlocking the lock using one button. Typically, the lock opening terminal is located in a dark room and therefore it must be backlit. The device must be applied protective covering. It will be able to provide:

• Varnish is a cheaper option. This layer will look thick and short-lived. As a result, the force of attraction may decrease.
• Zinc is a compromise option. The layer will not be very durable. The force of attraction may drop due to the gap that may be created.
• Most high-quality coating nickel is considered. It is beautiful and has no rust.

If the steel on your door has become rusty, then you should take steps to clean it. You need to take a small sandpaper and clean the door.

You will forget the advantages and disadvantages of conventional locks when you buy an electromagnetic one. A power consumption of 5 W creates a force of 350 kg (Falcon EyE). Just take the trouble to install the equipment correctly. Let's quickly see how the electromagnetic lock is connected.

Electromagnetic lock device

We saw a magnetic crane in operation at the reception point. 5 W of energy will hold more than a third of a ton, how can you believe it? Athletes train for years, most in the deadlift are unable to lift the weight, the power required is 5 W ... 5 J / s, a little more than 1 cal, 4 kcal comes out every hour ... 1 gram of sugar. Great? 1 gram of sugar lasts a third of a ton an hour! The supernatural abilities of the electromagnetic lock are evident. The energy consumption is so small, incomparable to a dim light bulb illuminating staircase. The LED is resting...

The principle of operation of an electromagnetic lock is interesting! – The first question, drilling the brain. Let's start by looking at the structure that creates the force. Inside the electromagnetic lock there is a coil that wraps around a core in the shape of the letter W, the edges protrude outward, and anyone can touch it by opening the entrance door with a button. The belly of the electromagnetic lock is filled with compound, and there is a coil inside. Internal organization electromagnetic lock is exhausted. The formula indicates: the force holding a steel plate fixed to a door stationary depends on:

• Mutual contact area between the core and the plate;
• Number of turns of wound wire;
• Current.

Since the resistance of the electromagnetic lock coil is purely ohmic, it turns out that the force depends on the voltage. Increasing the voltage increases the current, according to Ohm's law (I = U / R). Most electromagnetic locks are powered by a 12 volt network. Some manufacturers draw graphs of the dependence of holding force on voltage. It can be seen: the curve quickly grows to 10 volts, then smoothly bends and becomes parallel to the abscissa (horizontal) axis. Excessive increase in power supply causes the winding to become very hot. The compound prevents cooling and interferes with service maintenance.

If you are desperate to find 12 volt DC power, install a limiting resistor. The goal is to reduce the load on the electromagnetic lock. Using a tester, we measure the resistance of the coil (at the terminals). Then we will do the calculation based on a simple proportion: Ulock / Uresistor = Rlock / Rresistor. Remember, the sum of Ulock and Uresistor gives the supply voltage, Ulock ultimately equals 12 volts. Let's take an example:

1. Let's say the controller board and intercom are powered by 24 volts DC.
2. Tester measurements showed: the resistance of the electromagnetic lock winding is 30 Ohms.
3. We solve the proportion: 12 / 12 = 30 / R resistor. Ulock + Uresistor = 24 volts.
4. Where we find it: a 30 ohm resistor is required. We take the resistance of the E24 series (see the review about the marking of resistances and capacitances, for example). The nominal accuracy is 5%. If we take 33 ohms, the lock's holding force will drop by 5%. Therefore, let it work better at higher voltages if the resistance has a downward slope.
5. It's time to calculate the power dissipation. We divide 12 volts squared by 30 ohms, we get 4.8 W, roughly speaking, 5. Circuit resistors are marked with the Latin numeral V. Look for the product here http://www.eliron.ru/catalog/rezistory/. Study Aliexpress. For half a thousand you'll get a few hundred pieces. They will be sent to the Russian Post Office.

Electromagnetic locks can be repaired. The compound is missing, remove the coil and replace it. The core is glued together from strips of electrical steel sheet. Designed to reduce the effect of residual magnetization. There are solid cores made of soft magnetic materials. The residual effect is higher. There is no heating, the current is constant. The release of heat is caused by two phenomena:

1. Magnetization reversal of steel by an alternating field. A residual effect is formed after turning off the current in the electromagnetic lock.
2. Eddy currents (Foucault).

Both phenomena can be eliminated by special measures. Currents are blocked by varnish insulation between the plates, electrical steel is weakly magnetized. Does not eliminate the residual effect completely. If the core is solid. Often, a capacitor is switched on inside the electromagnetic lock parallel to the inductance of the coil large capacity(above 200 µF). After turning off the voltage, an oscillatory circuit is formed, generating alternating current, discharging through the winding.

The direction of the field changes direction quickly. The current fades, energy is spent on reversing the magnetization of the core. The tension quickly subsides and the door opens without any problems. Otherwise, the phenomenon of residual magnetization can greatly ruin people's lives. Not only physically weak. The capacitor failed, the door began to be opened only by bodybuilders - the time had come to install a new non-polar capacitor, parallel to the lock terminals.

Installed lock

The price of the item reaches 250 rubles. It depends on what model of capacitor you take. It remains to add: the phenomenon of self-induction when the power is turned off causes a strong self-EMF (reminiscent of a commutator motor), provoking sparking on external buttons and relays. To avoid reducing the service life of associated equipment, choose controllers equipped with output stages of electronic switches: transistors, thyristors various types. The effect is blocked by a diac (DIAC - diode symmetrical thyristor), which limits the current in both directions (smoothes out oscillations), sparking is completely suppressed.

Installing an electromagnetic lock

Firstly, there are locks that operate to close and open voltage. It is suggested to set the jumper switch correctly. The number of output terminals increases to five:

• Two contacts are used to supply power (for example, 12 volts).
• Three contacts will serve as a switch, two of them are supposed to be used. COM (common) always works, the state of the other is determined by the rule: whether the button, the controller in the normal position is closed or open.

Select the controller accordingly. The type of lock described in the previous subsection is produced by the OLEVS factory and is simply controlled by the presence of power. Before installation let's find out:

1. Is there a quenching two-way limiting thyristor?
2. Is the residual magnetization blocking electrical capacitance built inside?
3. Lock behavior, control methods, options.

Don’t forget, the equipment often needs to be paired with an intercom. The controller is provided with an input for unlocking the lock by pressing a single button (including the one located at the door to the street). Often the lock is used in pitch darkness, it is good if there is a power terminal for the backlight LED on the front intercom control panel. The visitor immediately sees where to place the magnetic key.

Please note: for reasons of low magnetization, the steel plate mounted on the door is practically devoid of alloying additives. Virtually defenseless against corrosion. The factory applies a protective coating:

• Varnish is the cheapest option. The layer is thick and short-lived. The increasing distance between the steel plate and the lock reduces the force of attraction.
• Let's call zinc a compromise option. The layer is durable and beautiful. The pressing force of the electromagnetic lock decreases, reduced by the increased gap.
• Nickel is considered the most expensive, high-quality coating. Beautiful, resists rust. Being ferromagnetic, nickel is attracted by the lock. Therefore, it reduces the pressing force little.

The steel is rusty - avoid pulling and waiting for problems to start. Take fine sandpaper, remove traces of corrosion, and varnish. Of course, there is an acquaintance who exploits home installation metal anodizing, please contact. Getting zinc chloride is a matter of technology. You can get hold of nickels by allocating finances. Exist folk remedies, similar to the emulsion obtained by adding a paraffin candle to kerosene.

“If the contact area of ​​the door is covered with a plaster, it is quite possible that the entrance has been marked by those preparing a robbery. The technique is mercilessly exploited by thieves to illegally enter someone else's territory. It will be right, bypassing management company, call the police, ask the necessary questions. The cops will sort it out. It is useless to remove the patch on your own; they will re-apply it. Increasing the gap between the contact pad and the lock reduces the force of attraction. Thieves will be able to open the door with their bare hands.”

An electromagnetic lock can be installed on the jamb. To be comfortable and look beautiful. For a better fit, use two washers under each screw, a steel one from the jamb, and a rubber one on top. Allows the contact pad to wobble slightly, tightly adjacent to the core. TORX hex head screws last longer. Before connecting the electromagnetic lock, select the installation option:

1. The lock is placed on the top jamb from the inside, with the core facing the door. The contact pad is mounted opposite. No additional fastenings are required.
2. If the door is glass or transparent, it is permissible to install the lock with the contact pad inward. The steel plate is replaced with a Z-shaped angle. The door is supposed to open into the room.
3. If the jamb is too narrow, if it is not possible to install an electromagnetic lock behind the door, you can widen the surface with a corner. Carry out installation on top, as in the first option.
4. Sometimes you have to open the door to the side on which the lock is located. The contact pad should be positioned horizontally, along the top. This is done using a corner. Similarly, the plate is placed horizontally. The gap is minimal. It’s clear, it’s difficult to calculate, but it’s convenient to use adjusting washers. Please note: the door will warp and the system will not function properly.
5. The last described method can be supplemented with a decorative PVC profile around the perimeter. Position it so that the electromagnetic lock is hidden.

With any of the methods it is easy to combine connecting a video intercom with an electromagnetic lock. But most often the first one is used. The connection diagram of the electromagnetic lock depends entirely on the control (as should already be clear), and some also have a switch for selecting the supply voltage. So there will be something to puzzle over.

Then the electromechanical lock is linked (connected) to the subscribers’ keys. This is done through the controller. To simplify the process, a master key is used, but that's another story. That's all they wanted to say about connecting an intercom with an electromagnetic lock.