Crow's eye poisonous plant short description. Crow's eye four-leaf, its healing properties and precautions

There are 20-30 species of raven eye, which are common in Eurasia. In Russia, the most common raven eye four leaf, found in forests and among shrubs in humid places in the European part, the Caucasus and Siberia. The plant is poisonous.

Crow's eye four-leafed (Paris vulgaris) - perennial herbaceous plant 15-45 cm high with a creeping rhizome. This plant has a very characteristic appearance, it can be recognized immediately. Four wide oval leaves extending from one point of the stem are arranged in a horizontal plane like a cross. The leaves do not have petioles, they are sessile. Leaves are attached to the top of the stem, cylindrical, straight, rather high. A branch-pedicel rises above the leaves, which ends in a flower. This branch is much shorter and thinner than the stem. The raven eye always forms only one flower. This happens only in a few plants. Much more often we meet with such a case when there are several or many flowers and they are collected in inflorescences.

Crow's eye blooms in late spring. But its flowering usually goes unnoticed by anyone. The flowers of the plant, although not too small, do not stand out in any way, as they have an inconspicuous greenish color. They don't draw much attention to themselves.

The flower of the raven eye is such that it is difficult to tell how long it has blossomed. Appearance its at the beginning of flowering is almost the same as at the end. The tepals and stamens do not fall off after flowering and remain on the plant. These parts of the flower gradually dry out over time, and the pistil turns into a fruit - a small black berry. A dark berry is much more noticeable than a flower, it always attracts attention.

However, many stems bear only one leaf, arranged in a cross. Flowering is not always observed.

Aerial shoots of the crow's eye grow in the spring from the rhizome that overwintered in the soil. It is long, creeping, light brown, two or three matches thick. Such rhizomes can grow quickly to the sides. The end of the rhizome is sharp, it is easily introduced into loose forest soil. On the rhizome, in some places, peculiar, modified underground leaves are visible - dry brown scales the length of a fingernail. Thread-like roots are also visible, which supply the plant with water.

Do not be surprised if you meet raven eye plants in the forest, which have not four leaves, but five or even six. Such deviations sometimes occur. But most often, four leaves develop. It is because of this that the raven eye is called the four-leafed.

Each year, the crow's eye shoot increases by one segment, by the number of which you can determine the age of the plant. The black berry of this plant is very similar to the eye of a raven, hence the similar name. All parts of the plant, especially the berries, are poisonous; it contains saponins, paridin and paristipin.

In scientific medicine, the raven eye is not used. AT traditional medicine for treatment mental illness use in small doses alcohol tincture of this plant.

Healing properties: used in small doses (drops) for pulmonary tuberculosis, mental disorders, migraine, neuralgia, dizziness, drowsiness.

Crow's eye (Paris quadrifolia L.)

Description of appearance:
flowers: Flower solitary, on a ribbed pedicel emerging from a whorl of leaves. Perianth two-row, consisting of four outer green lanceolate leaves and four inner - linear, yellowish-green. In the flower, long stamens with linear anthers ending in spinous points stand out noticeably.
Leaves: Whorl of four leaves(rarely from 5-6) - obovate, pointed, up to 14 cm long with three clear veins.
Height: 15-30 cm.
Stem: With erect stem.
Root: with a long, slightly branched, scaly rhizome.
Fetus: Globular, bluish-black berry.
Flowering and fruiting time: Blooms in May; seeds ripen in July-August.
Lifespan: Perennial.
Habitat: It grows mainly in broad-leaved forests, usually in shaded places on loose, moderately moist (fresh) soil; also found in coniferous and mixed stands, but good development does not reach there.
Prevalence: The raven eye is common in the forest zone of Europe, the Caucasus, Asia Minor and Mongolia. In Russia, it is found in the forest zone of the European part (except for the northern regions) and in Siberia. AT Central Russia almost everywhere.
Addition: Propagated by seeds and vegetatively - by the growth of rhizomes. AT optimal conditions forms normal populations covering an area of ​​several square decimeters; never dominates in herbage. Extremely poisonous plant.

raven eye( Paris quadrifolia L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant from the lily family with a long and thin horizontal rhizome, thin and tall stem. Four broadly elliptical leaves are collected in one whorl at the top of the stem. Each plant produces only one flower, raised on a ribbed pedicel above the leaves, blooming for a very long time. From the lateral buds of a long creeping rhizome, new ones grow above-ground shoots. The fruit is a single berry, similar to a large blueberry, but the resemblance is only external - the berry is poisonous.

There is a raven eye in forests, more often in deciduous, rich in moisture. Flowering time: May-June.

Grass and berries have bad smell. Berries of sweetish unpleasant taste. All parts of the crow's eye are poisonous: leaves, roots, stem, berries. The juice of the plant, which has fallen on the mucous membrane, causes inflammation.

Rhizomes, leaves and fruits of the crow's eye contain glycosides (paridin, etc.), alkaloids, saponins were found in the rhizomes.

The plant is not used in scientific medicine. It is better known as folk remedy. Its berries and leaves were used as a strong laxative and emetic. Berries were eaten from boils. Among the peasants at the beginning of the century there was a belief that by taking the crow's eye, you can be cured of a hernia. His spirit tincture was considered a good remedy to increase appetite. The herb was used for headaches, dizziness, drowsiness. In Chinese medicine, the rhizomes have been used in the treatment of cancer.

In veterinary medicine, a decoction of dried berries was used to water horses with foot and mouth disease.

In the old days, yellow paint was obtained from the leaves of the plant, and green from unripe, crushed berries.

The raven eye is a poisonous plant. As a result, the independent use of this plant is unacceptable!

Crow's eye four leaf

The four-leafed raven eye is poisonous!

Latin name: Paris quadrifolia.

Family: Trillium - Trilliaceae (formerly: Liliaceae - Liliaceae).

Folk names: crow, crow berries, cross-grass, bear berries, rannik.

Used parts: the whole plant with a rhizome.
Pharmacy name: crow's eye herb - Paridis herba (formerly: Herba Paridis).

Botanical description. A stem about 30 cm high extends from a horizontally running rhizome in the soil. At the bottom it carries a scaly leaf split in two, and at the top - a whorl, as a rule, of 4 ovate-rounded leaves with mesh venation and a pointed tip. True, plants with 3 or 5 leaves in a whorl often come across. Above the leaves is a single unattractive greenish star-shaped four-membered flower. Much more conspicuous than a flower, a black pearl-like fruit the size of large berry blueberries.

These berries - however, like the whole plant - are slightly poisonous!

Walking with small children, you need to make sure that they are not tempted by the berries of the crow's eye. Nothing bad will happen from one or two berries, but with more possible poisoning with vomiting and diarrhea.

True, cases of fatal poisoning by the crow's eye are not known. Crow's eye blooms from May to June. The fruits ripen in July and August. It occurs in shady deciduous forests, among shrubs, in hedgerows and on damp rocks.

Active ingredients: saponins, organic acids.

raven eye - beneficial features and application

Both official and traditional medicine practically do not use the crow's eye, but homeopathy still appreciates it.

Side effects: All parts of the plant, especially the berries (least of all the leaves), are slightly poisonous. In case of poisoning, diarrhea, colic, bouts of dizziness were noted; therefore self-medication is prohibited.

From the history of the plant. In the Middle Ages, it was believed that "bewitched" people could be "disenchanted" with the help of a crow's eye. Berries were worn on the body or sewn into clothes to protect themselves from the plague and other contagious diseases, for which they were collected from August 15 to September 8. But, in general, the crow's eye was feared and therefore rarely used. In Mattiolus, for example, you can read: "Some say that these berries can put you to sleep if you eat them. I would not want to try them: you might not wake up."

Crow's eye four leaf is poisonous perennial plant. Distributed throughout Europe, in the East and West of Siberia.

It has an erect stem up to 45 cm high. At its top, oval leaves with pointed ends are located perpendicular to each other.

A repulsive odor that prevents animals from eating the plant is characteristic. Such a fragrance certain people can cause vomiting or headache. The taste of the berry is also unpleasant.

Outwardly similar to blueberries and blueberries. It will be easy for an inexperienced person to make a mistake in identifying a plant.

Healing properties

As mentioned above, the raven eye - toxic plant, however, dried parts of it find some use in alternative medicine.

Pounded into gruel, the fruits are applied to difficult-to-heal abrasions, cuts, pimples and acne.

To get rid of a headache, folk healers advise rubbing whiskey with the juice of this plant.

The raven eye has:

• vitamin C;
• citric acid;
• malic acid;
• other organic acids;
• pectin substances;
• coumarin.

Thanks to these substances, the plant relieves convulsions, calms nerves, and heals wounds. It is also a diuretic and antiphlogistic agent. It alleviates the manifestations of tuberculosis, inflammation of the larynx, neuralgia, headache attacks and diseases that cause metabolic disorders.

The raven eye has found its use as an aid in spasms, concussion, and heart disorders. It is also used to stabilize the work of the heart, improve digestion, stimulate appetite.

Before using this plant in any form, be sure to consult your doctor.

Crow's eye remedies

Material for healing potions is stored at the time of flowering. The aerial green part of the plant is used to make tinctures, and the ripened berries are used for decoctions.

The course of treatment with any kind of medication should not exceed two weeks. After a 10-day break, you can repeat the course.

It is worth touching the plant only with gloves, as there are known cases of poisoning with honey, which got the pollen of the crow's eye. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after collecting raw materials.

Tincture with laxative effect

We will need:

• 50 g chopped stem;
• 0.5 l of vodka.

Fill the stem with vodka and leave it in a place inaccessible to light for several weeks. Strain after cooking. Mix two teaspoons of infusion with a glass of water. Take three tablespoons every 2-3 hours.

Infusion for disorders of the nervous system

It will require:

• 10 berries;
• 500 ml of vodka.

Pour the fruits of the plant with vodka, send to a dark place to infuse. In two weeks the medicine will be ready. Take in proportion with water 3:5 three times a day.

Ointment with wound healing action

For the preparation of such a remedy, only fresh berries are needed. Their number is determined by the area on which they will be applied. We crush the berries in a mortar and apply to the damaged area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin. Applying the ointment should be done no more than once a day.

Tincture for convulsions

In the manufacture of this product, dry grass of the mentioned plant and alcohol in a ratio of 1:100 grams are used. This mixture is infused for a week. It is used in the ratio of 1 tablespoon of infusion to 1 tablespoon of water. Drink throughout the day every 2 hours.

Decoction for the prevention of migraine and tachycardia

30 g of powdered dry grass is heated in a water bath in 0.4 liters of water. Cook for about 20 minutes after boiling. Cool, strain and put in the refrigerator. Take 30 ml three times a day before meals. The healing properties of the decoction will dry out after a week of storage.

Preparations containing crow's eye are contraindicated:

• pregnant during the entire period;
• breastfeeding;
• with allergies or intolerances;
• people with disorders in the liver and kidneys;
• children under 12 years of age.

Crow's eye plant danger

In ancient times, people sewed the berries of the crow's eye into clothes. They believed that in this way they were protected from evil spells. And in the era of mass epidemics, berries were worn on the body as a talisman against death.

Unlike the people of those times, we have knowledge that will help us avoid negative consequences interactions with the crow's eye four-leafed.

It is important to know that the juice of the plant can cause inflammation of the mucous membranes, the root causes nausea, the leaves affect the nervous system, and the berries affect the cardiovascular system.

Characteristic features of intoxication:

• vomit;
• indigestion;
• acute pain in the abdomen;
• weakness;
• pallor;
• pupil dilation;
• difficulty swallowing;
• dryness in the mouth.

Emergency care for crow's eye intoxication:

1. Cleanse the stomach by lavage.
2. Give the victim an adsorbent.
3. For severe pain, give painkillers.
4. With loose stools, compensate for the loss of fluid - give the poisoned person plenty of water.
5. Call a specialist.

Self-treatment when signs of poisoning are detected is prohibited!

In contact with

The raven eye has long been known to everyone as a low plant, which is extremely famous for its bluish-dark berries. They are very similar to blueberries.

The history of grassy undergrowth is extremely interesting, which, of course, attracted many geneticists. To this day, biologists find many options for its use.

In another way, it is also called "Cross Grass", which fully justifies the cruciform arrangement of the leaves.

Our ancestors assumed that the plant sewn into clothes had witchcraft abilities. Therefore, if there was any mass illness or epidemic, then the raven eye must have been with you. But already in those days, they just tried not to use it just like that and were generally treated with apprehension.

There are about twenty varieties, since this vegetation is too common. They call her both a crow, and a nail-eater, and a stretcher, and wolf eyes.

The most common variety is the four-leafed raven eye. In addition, it is perennial, all the green leaves in the winter, and in the spring it sprouts from the rhizome again.

If you read detailed description crow's eye, it will be easier to remember it. With a ribbed erect stem, it has a size of up to 40 cm. The arrangement of the leaves in a cross is very difficult to confuse - there are mainly four in number.

When rubbed with your fingers, the juice of the plant gives off an unpleasant odor. But the flowers do not particularly stand out - as a rule, it grows alone at the very top of the stem, and there are four petals - the inner ones are greenish-yellow and green on top. The flowering period falls on the beginning of summer - May-June.

The flower looks like a small star. The round berry reaches one cm and its ripening occurs in August. The berry itself is also not difficult to distinguish - it has a black shiny color, filled with seeds.

The most difficult thing is to identify a flower or its fruit for children - they often mistake it for blueberries. The fruits are inedible even to taste, and the juice has a very nasty flavor. Not everyone can stand it - some immediately feel bad.

The harmful properties of the berry scare not only humans - animals also do not touch it, which saves them from poisoning. The curiosity is observed only in birds - they eat it a lot without dangerous consequences.

If you dig up the tubers of the crow's eye, they are curly and quite long. Grows thanks to shoots from the kidney

The raven eye grows in many regions, its geography is extensive - this is Siberia, and the Crimea, and Far East, and the Amur region. The peculiarity is that he loves shady ravine reliefs, in wet thickets of bushes, on rocky slopes. It is especially prolific in mixed forests, deciduous, but not very in a pine forest or forest-steppe zone.

The plant does not like noisy company', growing in solitude. Less often you can find several pieces in the aggregate in the neighborhood.

During the flowering period, they harvest for the manufacture of medicines. Green trunks and leaves make good alcohol tinctures. Then fresh berries are boiled, or dried for later preparation of decoctions.

Official medicine denies the possibility of using the crow's eye as a medicinal component due to its increased toxicity.. Folk tinctures and rubbing are applied with great care. It used to be believed that thanks to infusions, you can cure fever, fight nervous disorders. They also help fight constipation and have been used as an emetic.

Beliefs said that this way you can still overcome cravings for sleep, treat open wounds, and fight hernias. The plant helped even from the bites of the dog. There are techniques that say that the raven eye is good for splicing bones. But all this must be applied very carefully, knowing the proportions and concentration thoroughly.

By using modern technologies find many compounds to use the healing qualities of the crow's eye, but not the fact that each of them is tested. Therefore, it is always worth consulting a doctor before taking such funds.

Widely used in the manufacture of homeopathic remedies. For the treatment of neurological symptoms, with inflammation of the larynx, homeopathy resorts to such a well-known remedy as Paris quadrifolia, which also copes well with conjunctivitis.

Well, it is most known to everyone that the raven eye is very dangerous for humans. Incorrect intake of berries leads to terrible consequences - the mucous membrane can be very irritated, first of all, even the smell of juice causes vomiting, the intake of berries is dangerous for the heart, and the intake of leaves is also detrimental to the nervous system, which most often happens to children.

To clarify the action, the tincture was injected into the body of dogs and this caused a slowdown in the heart rate, and indeed arrhythmia. No wonder it is also compared with the action of lily of the valley glucosides.

It is impossible to say that this herbaceous plant was fatally dangerous to humans, since fatal cases of poisoning are unknown. It's all about bad taste and smell - no one will voluntarily eat leaves and berries.

But there are exceptions: children who want to try everything around become victims, because the plant looks pretty, and the berries are even more attractive. But the trouble is, after taking 10 - that berry poisoning occurs. Moreover, if you eat a couple of berries, most likely the body will not notice this.

You can get poisoned by the fruits of the eye in dosage form if you take a dose of the drug in excess of the permitted norm. In order to avoid this, you must strictly follow the recipe and doctor's recommendations, as well as take into account all the contraindications indicated in the instructions. Such drugs are not recommended during lactation, during pregnancy, as well as in patients with kidneys and liver.

Symptoms of poisoning

Determining the symptoms of crow's eye poisoning is not so difficult:

• There is sudden nausea;
• The drug causes vomiting;
• There may be an upset stomach;
• Unpleasant bitterness in the mouth, burning in the stomach and throat;
• Severe pain in the stomach;
• Migraine, dizziness.

Poisoning can be accompanied by more serious consequences. In particular difficult cases Eating berries can cause a dry mouth sensation. There may be difficulty swallowing. And also characterized by failures of the heart rhythm.

First aid

The most important thing when symptoms of poisoning are detected is to make timely cleansing of the body from the remnants of a toxic substance:

• First you need to thoroughly rinse the body, for this you can use a 2% soda solution or activated charcoal. If there is nothing like this, you need as much liquid as possible (children need to go out of the calculation of 1 glass of water for every 2 years of life);
• Use for cleaning absorbents such as Polyphepan,
• You can also relieve unpleasant and painful symptoms with milk, starch decoction, sunflower oil, egg white;
• When it's really bad, you can hold ice in your mouth - this gives a little relief;
• They also take painkillers such as Anestezin or Decoin.

With severe diarrhea, it will be necessary not only to restore the amount of fluid in the body, but also helps well.

When detoxifying, it is especially useful to drink a drink that removes poison well - strong tea. Sometimes they resort to such serious methods as an enema, if Golden time for cleansing the body was greatly missed.

It is important to remember that taking laxatives is categorically not advised.

Treatment of poisoning

The most important thing is to turn to specialists for first aid in time. The doctor will quickly determine how serious the symptoms are - whether gastric and intestinal lavage can be dispensed with or heart medications will be required.

Sometimes also prescribed forced diuresis. In order to maintain the body in general, improve the functioning of the liver, which, in fact, leads a merciless fight against toxins and improve heart function, you may need to inject glucose intravenously

Conclusion

Beautiful berries and an interesting structure of the crow's eye hide qualities that are by no means useful for the human body. The source of poisoning can be not only the berries themselves, but also medicines made from the plant.

An overdose of berries also leads to disastrous consequences. You can determine the poisoning by feeling unwell, vomiting and diarrhea. There is also a marked deterioration in the work of the heart.

In such cases, first aid is immediately required - urgent removal of toxins from the body. Rinse the body with absorbents and call a doctor for everyone.

However, consultation experienced professionals required in this case.. Intravenous medications may also be needed. The symptoms are not fatal, but delay will delay the healing process.

The poisonous plant raven eye is known to almost everyone. Herbal remedies are rapidly gaining popularity as a result of dissatisfaction with traditional medicines. There is a widespread belief that herbal preparations are "natural" and therefore harmless. However, the consequences of their use can be potentially life-threatening.

The raven eye plant belongs to the genus Paris (Melanthiaceae), which includes 24 species, growing from Europe to Asia. Some people confuse it with blueberries or bilberries, due to the similarity of round dark blue berries.

The raven eye has common name"herbaparis", which was first used in 1544 by the Italian botanist Pier Andrea Mattioo. In the past, the plant was used as an antidote for highly toxic substances such as arsenic or mercury. Other common names for Parisquadrifolia in the west: one berry, real love, Einbere (German), Parisian song (French), uva de raposa (Spanish), ferlaufasmári (Icelandic), firblad, (Danish), sudenmarja (Finnish), ormbär (Swedish), zhowsho (Chinese).

Other common names point to its blackberry (devil in the bush) or its connection to love - the four leaves mate like lovers.

Where does the raven eye grow

What is a raven eye? He is a native of Northern and Central Europe and some regions of Northern Asia, the Caucasus, the Crimea, the Mediterranean. It prefers moldy, humus-rich soils and grows best in moist, shaded areas.

What does a raven eye look like? Parisquadrifolia has solitary flowers with four or more very narrow greenish filiform petals, green petaled calyces, eight stamens. The flower is above one scroll of four or more stem leaves.

A single greenish-yellow flower appears from May to June. The berry of the crow's eye is dark blue, large.

The raven eye grows in mountain evergreen, broad-leaved forests.

crow grass eye is good an indicator of soil fertility, because the land must be at least moderately nutritious for the species to thrive. Even in the best places habitat it often grows sparsely and is unlikely to form true stands.

The flower is not particularly charming, nor is its fragrance, the abundance of flies that visit the flower is definitely attracted by something, however, perhaps a dark pestle, which, according to some experts, smells like rotting meat.

Medicinal properties of a poisonous plant

Many people, especially those who live in countryside, refer to using folk recipes – medicinal herbs. But some plants, such as the raven eye, contain many active ingredients that can provoke poisoning and adverse reactions.

The poisonous plant raven eye contains organic acids (malic and citric), flavonoids, pectin, coumarin, vitamin C, glycoside, paridin. The rhizome contains steroidal saponins.

Green leaves are intended for making tinctures, and black berries can be dried and fresh used as a component of tinctures and decoctions.

Glycosides are isolated from the plant, which are physiologically active compounds, they play important role in the treatment of neoplasms, hemostasis disorders, inflammation and fungal infections. In folk medicine, they are useful in the treatment of traumatic injuries, snakebite, abscess, mumps and mastitis.

Much attention is paid to the cytotoxic activity of crow's eye rhizome saponins. These components demonstrate significant antiproliferative activity in the cells of the liver, breast and prostate, which is especially important for the treatment of oncological processes. Recent data show that pannogenyl glycosides have antimetastatic activity against melanoma cells and antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma.

There are few studies that attempt to investigate the mechanisms of action of pannogenilazolines on tumor cells, mainly due to their low content in plants.

The present study investigates the mechanism of cytotoxic effects of two saponins isolated from Parisquadrifolia L. on cervical cells in adenocarcinoma.

Poisonous berries of the crow's eye, infused with alcohol, help get rid of headaches, fatigue and increased drowsiness, acute and chronic inflammation of the throat. They are used to treat cardiovascular diseases with rhythm disturbance. Parisquadrifolia is widely used in Chinese medicine and homeopathy. Such drugs help with neurological pain of the head and face.

The seeds and berries can be ground into an ointment that soothes and cools the skin when it is inflamed. The root is added to water to help get rid of colic. Some species contain a wide range of steroid compounds that are potential cytotoxic agents.

The raven eye plant has also been used as an aphrodisiac. Because berries and seeds affect the central nervous system and can have a temporary positive effect on mood.

Wolf eye poisoning

Is the raven eye poisonous or not? It belongs to poisonous plants, all its parts are dangerous. Poisoning occurs due to its incorrect identification. In addition, teenagers often experiment with hallucinogenic plants.

The common raven eye can cause very serious consequences for the body.

Crow eye poisoning has no characteristic symptoms. The clinic is more like poisoning with poisonous mushrooms or poisoning with unwashed fruits.

After ingestion, gastrointestinal symptoms of poisoning develop, mainly nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and gastrointestinal bleeding.

Repeated bouts of vomiting and diarrhea can lead to severe dehydration, especially in children, with a possible fatal outcome. Berry toxicity can lead to hepatic and renal necrosis.

Symptoms of poisoning may also include headache, irritability, arthralgia, myalgia, restlessness, and neurological dysfunction. Some of these symptoms, especially neurological symptoms, may be irreversible.

Why is the raven eye dangerous? The herb affects the cardiovascular system and causes hyperkalemia, atrioventricular blockade and ventricular arrhythmias.

The neurotoxic effect manifests itself in the form of neurological symptoms and signs, ranging from predominantly anticholinergic manifestations (mydriasis, facial flushing, dry skin, tachycardia, changes in mental status, hallucinations).

Poisoning is dangerous by the development of neuromuscular disorders, ataxia, tachycardia, hypertension, convulsions, weakness, paralysis, and respiratory failure.

First aid

First aid consists in the rapid removal of poison from the stomach and the removal of residues from the intestines. Therapeutic measures include primary detoxification by induced vomiting, gastric lavage, and administration of activated carbon, secondary detoxification, symptomatic treatment.

Due to immature metabolic and enzyme systems, children may be more susceptible to toxic and side effects plants.

Important! In case of poisoning with a crow's eye, the victim is forbidden to use laxatives on his own!

Treatment of poisoning

injured in without fail hospitalized in the intensive care unit. The hospital conducts research: kidney and liver function, blood tests (for sugar, biochemistry, general, coagulability).

With the development of heart failure after poisoning, cardiological drugs are administered. Some patients, depending on the severity of symptoms of intoxication, are shown forced diuresis, hemosorption and hemodialysis.

Timely initiation of treatment can prevent or minimize the consequences of consuming a toxic plant.

Gastric lavage is used only 1 hour after ingestion of a significant amount of toxin; many clinical toxicologists rarely use this method.

As a rule, the first symptoms of poisoning are cardiovascular, manifesting as arrhythmia and hypotension within 30-120 minutes of ingestion, which often requires immediate hospitalization. This is due to the fact that the raven eye has a strong cardiotoxicity and standard first aid methods may be ineffective.

In order to support the work of the liver, the heart muscle and remove the poison from the body faster, intravenous administration of glucose solutions and sorbents is prescribed.

Increasing the blood pH with sodium bicarbonate reduces the concentration of the free active substance and at the same time increases the concentration of sodium in the serum, which reduces the likelihood of cardiac arrhythmia.