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Overview of the submersible pump "Kid": unit diagram, characteristics, operating rules. How to install and connect a submersible pump with your own hands

Of course, you can do all this work yourself, it’s a pity that the brand of the pump is not indicated, because how the pump will be mounted will depend on this. Suppose you have the best submersible pump specifically for float wells (in this case, water is taken not from the bottom but from the top of the pump), which ensures that sand does not enter the system. The installation diagram of such a pump will look something like this

It is important to remember that the distance from the pump neck to the upper water level must be at least 1 meter. So, you have pipes. We start laying them in a trench. Moreover, the depth of the trenches should not be less than the depth of freezing of the soil. After laying pipes to the well, we crash into the wall of the well, but before we put the pipe into the well, we mount the sleeve, inside which the water pipe will pass. It will all look like this

Next, we connect a drain valve to the pipe, which is useful in case of emergency draining of water from the system and a tee. Next, we calculate how many pipes we need from the drain valve to the pump, given the depth of its immersion. We connect the pipe and related equipment to the pump

we connect to the cable and begin to slowly lower the pump into the well. By the way, the cable will have to cling to something, so you need to make a mounting frame in advance

Now about the cables. Of course, steel can also be used, but it will quickly rust, so galvanized or nylon is best for us. Here we hang the pump on them when we lower it to the desired depth. Now it remains a little, to connect the pipe to the tee, for this you need to lower someone into the well (observing all safety measures) so that it connects our pipeline. Well, that's all, it remains to bring out the wire, connect it and start pumping water. Yes, do not forget to fill up the trench in which the water supply is located.

If country estates have a personal plot, then, most likely, it is used either for agricultural or for decorative and floricultural purposes. And in fact, and in another case, you can not do without the regular conduct of certain agrotechnical work. And irrigation will always be in the foreground - without effective irrigation, especially in dry summers, to achieve high yield, beautiful flowering flower beds or even just a juicy green lawn - it is hardly possible.

Even in the case when a water main is connected to the site, using water from it for irrigation is by no means the best solution. Firstly, it is very wasteful, and secondly, such water undergoes certain processing, including chlorination, and is not very useful for plants. For watering, it is better to use any natural source but to use it you need special equipment- pump.

However, if the buyer goes to the store or enters the online catalog unprepared, he may encounter a lot of questions that will make optimal choice extremely complex. Pumping equipment is very "many-sided" and differs not only in technical characteristics, but also in operational capabilities. It is necessary to take into account many criteria in advance in order to leave your choice on the model that is most suitable for the existing conditions. This publication is dedicated to this - we buy a pump for watering the garden: varieties, selection, installation, basic operating rules.

Where will the water come from?

It is impossible to choose the right pump if you do not decide in advance where the water will be taken from for irrigation. There may be many options here.

The most successful "layout" is when the site has its own or located in the immediate vicinity of a reservoir of natural origin - a pond or lake, fed from underground sources or a stream and having a sufficient debit of water. It is possible to carry out watering from the river flowing nearby. In any of these cases, a surface pump or a submersible (semi-submersible) drainage type may be required.

If the site has an artificial reservoir - a pond or pool, then it can also become a source of water for irrigation. All the same, the water in it should change regularly, and these two operations can be combined - supply fresh water to the pool, pumping it out to the garden that already needs to be replaced. True, on one condition - that no chemical reagents were used.

Even a somewhat swampy reservoir can serve as a source of water for irrigating the site, but in this case you will have to purchase a special kind of drainage pump, which is designed to pump dirty water.

However, such ideal conditions are quite rare. Most often, one has to resort to artificially created water sources.

For irrigation, you can use water from a well or well. For wells, both surface pumps (with a shallow aquifer) and submersible pumps can be used. For wells where water is usually found at great depths, only submersible pumps of a special type are suitable.

Water intake from wells requires special pumping equipment
To raise water from a great depth and at the same time provide it with sufficient pressure and the required flow rate for further use - not any equipment can handle this. How to approach - read in a separate publication of our portal.

However, an important note should be made immediately. Any experienced gardener or gardener will say that using water directly from their well or well for irrigation is highly undesirable, since such irrigation of plants can do them more harm than good. The best option- the required volume for regular watering is pumped in advance into containers installed on the plot. The water will warm up in a day, get rid of the chemical compounds dissolved in it, and become quite suitable for irrigation. By the way, this approach opens up wide opportunities for the competent use of fertilizers and dressings with strict adherence to the recommended proportions of dilution of the compositions.

For a set of containers, the already mentioned well or borehole pumps. But directly for irrigation, it will be nailed to acquire a compact surface-type garden pump or special immersion models, designed specifically for taking water from containers (barrels, eurocubes, home-made tanks, etc.).

A good owner should not lose anything, including rainwater, the collection of which in garden containers is very often organized from drainage systems. And besides, if a competent storm sewer is organized on the site, then a storage storm collector can also become a source of water for irrigation. In this case, the submersible drainage pump will again become an assistant.

How is storm sewer arranged?
Unfortunately, about this system, water drainage from adjoining territory not everyone remembers, or they ignore its creation in the hope that everything will somehow “dissolve” by itself. Why this approach is wrong, and how to create it correctly - read in a separate article on our portal.

So, the choice of a pump for irrigation in the first place will depend on the type of water source used.

What performance and pressure ratings are required?

Whatever type of pump is chosen, this unit must fully cope with the functions assigned to it.

Firstly, it must ensure the pumping of the required volume of water at a certain time - this is an indicator of performance.

It is not difficult to calculate this parameter. Based on the fact that existing rules for high-quality irrigation of one square meter of land, from 3 to 6 liters of water is required (depending on local climate conditions, characteristics of cultivated crops, and steady weather). It is best to calculate to the maximum - this will create a certain reserve of productivity, but everyone is free to decide this issue on their own.

Of course, only the area of \u200b\u200bthe site that is allocated for crops that require regular watering is taken into account. If lawn or flower beds are cultivated, their area is also taken into account.

The next value required for the calculation is the time that is planned to be spent on watering the entire area. Usually this event is held in the evening, after the subsidence of the heat of the day and the aggressiveness of direct sunlight, so an hour or two will probably be enough.

To find the required productivity (usually it is indicated in the technical documentation by the symbol Q), it remains to multiply the area of the irrigated area and its irrigation rate, and divide the resulting value by the time allocated for irrigation.

Q=S uch ×N/t

S uch – irrigated area (m²).

N- the accepted watering rate is from 3 to 6 l / m² (for individual crops it may be more).

t- the time allotted for watering the site.

For ease of calculation, you can use the proposed calculator. The area in it is indicated in acres - so many gardeners are more familiar.

Irrigation Pump Capacity Calculator

irrigated area, acres

accepted irrigation rate per 1 square meter

estimated time for watering the site

Often, in the documentation and on the rating plates of the devices, the productivity is indicated, expressed in liters per minute (an example is shown in the figure with a red arrow). Therefore, this value is also provided in the calculator.

2. The next most important indicator is the amount of pressure created by the pump. Usually it (H) is expressed in meters of water column. The pressure must be such as to ensure both the rise of water to the required height from the source to the point of consumption, and stable movement along the horizontal sections of the pipe, and maintained required pressure at the inlet, without which, for example, sprinklers cannot work normally.

To calculate the required pressure, the following values \u200b\u200bare required:

Height difference between pump location and highest irrigation point. If a submersible type pump is used, then the differential is calculated taking into account the depth of the pump installation, and not from the surface of the water.
The horizontal distance from the location of the pump to the farthest point of the area irrigated by it.

You can often find the statement that 10 meters of a horizontal pipeline, due to hydraulic resistance, will correspond to 1 meter of a vertical section. This is not entirely true. Indeed, the pressure loss in a horizontal section can be defined as 1 m of water. Art. 10 running meters, but only with a pipe diameter of 1″. If narrower hoses are used, the hydraulic resistance will be much higher. So, with some simplification, we can take losses equal to 1 m of water. for 7 lines m with hoses with a diameter of ¾ ", but if very narrow ones are used, in ½", then even 1 m of water. for 4 running meters.

Hoses almost never stretch in a straight line. This means that a certain correction should be made for possible bends and turns. In addition, there may be couplings, fittings, taps and other reinforcing elements along the water route - all this increases the overall hydraulic resistance of the route. It will not be a big mistake to take into account these two nuances to introduce a 20% allowance to the total head for a horizontal section.

So far, the pressure required to deliver water to the point of consumption has been calculated. But for normal irrigation or for the correct operation of irrigation devices, another one and a half technical atmospheres (bar) is usually required. This corresponds to a head of 10 ÷ 15 meters of water column. Hence, the resulting value must be increased by this value.

Example 1:

The surface pump is located on the shore of the reservoir. Exceeding the most high section watering - 3 meters. Length to furthest section 150 m. Uses ¾ inch (20 mm) hoses.

The total value will be equal to the height of the excess plus the calculated losses in the horizontal section (based on losses - 1 m wc / 7 linear meters), multiplied by a correction factor (20%) and plus the required head at the outlet of 15 m.

H \u003d 3 + (150 / 7) × 1.2 + 15 \u003d 43.7 meters of water column.

Example 2:

The submersible pump is lowered into the well to a depth of 12 meters below ground level. It is required to transfer water for irrigation to a distance of 70 meters along a 25 mm (1 inch) hose. The excess of the irrigation area above the well site is 5 meters.

H \u003d 12 + 5 + (70 / 10) × 1.2 + 15 \u003d 40.4 meters of water column.

For ease of calculation, the corresponding calculator is placed below:

Calculator for calculating the required pressure of the pump for irrigation

Specify the requested values and click the "Calculate" button

the value of the total excess of the irrigation area above the pump installation point

distance from pump to furthest point to water (hose length)

used hose diameter

amendment

necessary pressure for the correct operation of irrigation devices

Of course, the resulting value should be rounded up, and when choosing a pump, it is also desirable to provide for a certain margin. For example, in both considered cases, it would be advisable to purchase a unit with a generated head of about 45 ÷ 50 meters of water column.

Some manufacturers indicate the working pressure created by the pump in bar or Kilopascals, so the calculator immediately converts these values based on the result.

Other pump specifications

In addition to the considered basic values characterizing the pumping unit, a number of other indicators should be taken into account.

For submersible pumps, such an indicator as the possible permissible immersion depth is necessarily evaluated. It depends on the power of the unit, and on the design features of the pump housing, designed for a certain maximum external pressure. The calculation of the created pressure (N) in this case is made from this immersion depth (N).

For self-priming surface pumps, the parameter is different - the depth (height in meters) of suction. That is, from what depth, counting from the water surface in the source (S), the pump is able to raise water up before creating a working head (H) in the outlet sleeve, which was mentioned above. Typically, garden pumps are capable of pumping water from a depth of 6 to 10 meters from their location, although there are exceptions both up and down. side. Naturally, the buyer, when choosing, should be guided by the real conditions of his site.

Power power unit pump. It would seem that the higher it is, the better. However, one should not go to extremes - as a rule, for garden purposes there is enough power of 600 - 800 W, rare models designed for dirty water exceed 1 kW. Excessive, in principle - unclaimed power will be reflected in an increase in energy costs, rapid heating of the device, increased noise and, of course, a difference in the price of the product. If the performance indicators and the generated pressure are satisfactory, then too high power is simply not needed.
The characteristics of the pump must indicate what degree of contamination it is intended for pumping water. It is usually indicated both by the text - “for clean” or “for dirty”, and the maximum permissible value of possible solid impurities (for example, up to 5 mm). Knowing the features of your water source, you can make the right choice.
It is worth evaluating the level of noise generated - it is also usually indicated in the technical specifications of the product. Here, of course, it serves to strive to a minimum so that the operation of the pump does not cause any particular complaints from home or neighbors. This, of course, primarily applies to surface and semi-submersible pumps - submersible ones are not so noisy.
An important parameter for a garden pump is its weight, compact design, ease of carrying (unless, of course, it is installed permanently for the entire season).
Attention is drawn to the degree of protection of the case. Working in a humid environment from the power supply imposes special requirements, so it is best to purchase devices of protection class IP × 5 for surface and IP × 8 for submersible.

There are several more equipment evaluation criteria that will already be characteristic of specific types of irrigation pumps. Let's move on to the main types.

Surface garden pumps

Such pumps are perhaps the most popular among gardeners who have a natural or artificial reservoir at their side. They are quite suitable for pumping water out of a barrel, a shallow well, a storage collector, etc.

Depending on the drive power, such pumps can be light mobile, equipped with a convenient handle for quick carrying from place to place, or quite massive. Powerful units are usually installed "for the season" in some special outbuilding, which will protect the equipment from precipitation and reduce the level of noise emitted by it.

The vast majority of surface pumps are self-priming. The intake sleeve is lowered into the water source, and in order to prevent clogging of the pump mechanism, a filter tip is often put on the end of the sleeve. Suction is due to the creation of a vacuum in the working chamber of the pump, and this requires compliance with two important requirements:

Firstly, the intake sleeve must be made of a durable material that retains its shape when rarefied. Rubber hose - definitely not suitable. Typically, polymer sleeves with internal reinforcement are used.

Secondly, before starting work, the pump chamber and the intake sleeve must be forcibly filled with water, otherwise the pump will “thresh” idle - it will not be able to provide the initial rise of water from the reservoir.

"Filling" a self-priming surface pump with water before starting

To perform this operation, special filler necks are provided, which are then closed with sealed caps.

According to the principle of operation, such pumps are divided into two main varieties - vortex and centrifugal.

For centrifugal impellers with blades, the incoming water is thrown from the center of the chamber to the periphery, which creates a vacuum in the intake sleeve and, accordingly, increased pressure at the outlet. Such a scheme is characterized by undemanding to the purity of water, the ability to work for a long time without interruption. The pump is quite suitable for open reservoirs, where there is a chance to "scoop" dirt. Of the shortcomings - increased noise, lower performance than vortex, and this is against the backdrop of a higher price.
A feature of the vortex is in the design of the turbine, the curved blades of which create a turbulent directed flow of water. The performance from this is much higher, and the noise level, on the contrary, is reduced. The cost of such pumps is also somewhat lower. But they have an increased “sensitivity” to dirty water, and it is dangerous to use them for pumping from a lake or river. They are more likely to be appropriate for a well, a pool, a tank - of those tanks where there is guaranteed no dirt, silt deposits, or solid inclusions.

As a rule, surface pumps are quite limited in the length of the suction hose - usually within 8 meters. That is, installing the device on the site, and then stretching a long hose into the reservoir - will not work. On a large area, this can cause certain inconveniences - the pump should not be left unattended for a long time (at least for the reason that it can be stolen). This is an absolute disadvantage of such devices. In addition, the disadvantages of such equipment include vulnerability to external weather influences - precipitation and temperature changes. It is imperative to monitor the heating of the pump, especially on a hot day. He does not like this idling technique, without water in the chamber - either the increased attentiveness of the owners, or the purchase of a pump with the provided function, will help here emergency shutdown at idle.

And in itself, the operation of the pump is not difficult - it is installed near the hydrant (reservoir), best of all - on some kind of damper gasket, for example, a rubber mat. Sleeves are connected (many models have convenient floor connectors, standard quick-release connections for irrigation systems). The intake sleeve is lowered into the water to the required depth (a float or a raft can be adapted to maintain it). The chamber is filled with water - and you can connect the pump to the power supply and start working.

The table below shows several popular models of surface pumps from various manufacturers:

Model name	Short description	Capacity / column created / suction depth	average price
"Whirlwind PN-370"	Surface pump of centrifugal type of action, for clean water. Cast iron body, not afraid of mechanical stress. Built-in ejector for improved performance and head pressure. Weight 5.1 kg. Power consumption - only 370 W	3.7 m³/h 30 m w.c. 9 m	2010 rub.
QUATTRO ELEMENTI Giardino 400 Ci	The pump is superficial, for clear water, centrifugal. The power of the power unit is 400 watts. Weight - 6.5 kg.	3.3 m³/h 40 m w.c. 8 m	3000 rub.
METABO P 2000G	The pump is superficial, centrifugal, for clear water. Power 450 W. Cast iron body. Weight - 7.6 kg. The size of an input and output branch pipes - 1".	2.0 m³/h 30 m w.c. 8 m	4200 rub.
STURM WP9741A	The pump is superficial vertical execution. Aluminum pump housing, motor, cover and impeller. Power 410 W. Weight - 5.5 kg. Built-in overheating protection.	3.3 m³/h 20 m water Art. 8m	5200 rub.
GARDENA 3500/4 Classic	Modern surface pump of increased convenience in work. Two outputs - you can work in two directions at once. A convenient mouth for the gulf before start-up. Anti-noise protection - anti-vibration platform legs. Convenient carrying handle. Weight - 7 kg. Power -800 W	3.6 m³/h 41 m of water Art. 7 m	5800 rub.

Video: presentation of the garden pump "METABO P 4000 S"

Submersible pumps

Submersible pumps can be divided into three categories - borehole, well and drainage.

There is no point in considering boreholes - it is unprofitable to use them for watering gardens, they have a completely different purpose. More about their features - in the article, a link to which is given at the beginning of this publication.

True, with the help of borehole pumps, it is quite possible to quickly fill the containers for irrigation, and from there to supply it for irrigation using other devices.

Vibrating well pumps

These pumps are probably familiar to everyone - they are usually quite small in size, simple in design, unpretentious in operation, reliable, and at the same time they are distinguished by high rates of creating water pressure.

There are many brands and models of pumps of this type, but they are usually similar in appearance and have, in principle, the same device:

The vertical metal body consists of two halves – lower (pos. 1) and upper (pos. 2). A dense elastic gasket (pos. 3) is installed between them, which, after assembling the two halves using a screw connection (pos. 4), becomes a reliable hermetic seal and, in addition, also plays a shock-absorbing function that significantly reduces vibration.

The entire “electrical” part of the pump is installed in the lower half. It is a coil with a core (pos. 5), which is connected to a 220 W network through a power cable (pos. 6). The entire coil is filled with compound (pos. 7), which completely eliminates even accidental contact of the winding and its connection to the power cable with water, which ensures the high safety of such pumps in operation.

Above the core of the coil is a massive steel anchor (pos. 8), connected through a vertical rod with a diaphragm (pos. 9) and a piston (pos. 10).

When power is applied, the coil creates an alternating electromagnetic field with a constantly changing direction of the field lines - due to sinusoidality alternating current. This, in turn, causes the attraction and repulsion of the massive anchor, the reciprocating movements from which are transmitted to the diaphragm and piston.

The configuration of the piston and diaphragm is such that their movement creates a rarefaction in the working chamber in one phase of movement, and compression in the second. Under vacuum, water enters the intake holes (pos. 12) enters, and thanks to the valve system (pos. 13), in the compression phase it is pushed into the pump outlet (pos. 14).

An eye (item 15) or a special hanging bracket is provided on the casing for suspension of the pump in the water column.

The advantages of such pumps are many. The absence of any rotating components and controls in the design makes it extremely durable and reliable. Despite their small size, such vibration pumps are capable of delivering a very solid water column, amounting to tens of meters. The mass is small, and you can hang the pump using, for example, a strong nylon cord. Electricity consumption is quite economical. Overheating does not threaten the pump - it is cooled by the liquid medium in which it is suspended. The top location of the intake holes minimizes the risk of scooping up dirt from the bottom of the well.

There are, of course, their drawbacks. So, the operation of such pumps is characterized by high noise, even taking into account immersion in water. But the most main disadvantage is that in the process of pumping rather strong vibrational vibrations are created and transmitted through the water column, which can lead to the gradual destruction of the clay walls of the source, the accumulation of silt deposits. Therefore, such pumps should not be used in wells - they are more suitable for wells made of reinforced concrete rings or pipes. Performance vibration pumps, against the background of centrifugal, is still not too high.

Working with the pump is easy. A hose for supplying water to the site is attached to the intake pipe. Then the pump is lowered on a cable (nylon cord) into the water to the desired depth, taking into account the planned flow rate and debit of the source, and fixed in this position. Any pump is equipped with a cable already installed and hermetically wound into the housing, the length of which allows connection to the power supply at the top. The cables have reliable multi-layer insulation, but it is still recommended to carefully check its condition before each use. It should be remembered that it is strictly forbidden to use the power cable as a suspension or to pull the device up.

An approximate layout of a vibration pump in a well is shown on the left side of the figure below:

1 - rubber rings, dressed on top of the pump housing - a useful home-made device that will protect the device from possible impacts on the stacks of the well when lowering and raising.

2 - a hose attached to the pump outlet and fixed with a clamp (pos. 3).

4 - cable or suspension cord.

5 - power cable.

To make it more convenient to lower and raise the pump, it is advisable to tie the cable, cable and hose into one “pigtail” using clamps (pos. 6).

7 - crossbar, to which a cord or suspension cable is attached. To dampen vibrational vibrations, it is recommended to use an additional shock-absorbing damper (pos. 8) made of a spring or durable rubber.

Usually, the owners of the site carry out such an installation for the entire season. Constant exposure to water will not harm the pump in any way - it is sufficiently protected. It is also possible to organize a temporary installation for pumping water from an open reservoir - an example is shown on the right side of the figure.

The immersion depth N must not exceed the value specified in the product data sheet. The location above the ground level at the bottom (n) is desirable to withstand about 1 meter so that the vibration waves of the pump do not raise sand and silt.

During irrigation, it is necessary to regularly monitor that the water level does not drop to the pump inlet and the device does not switch to idle - there are no automatic shutdown systems in such devices. However, it is not difficult to follow this, and the simplicity of the design is fully justified by a very low price.

Model	Short description	Productivity, created water pressure, maximum immersion depth	average price
QUATTRO ELEMENTI ACQUATICO 200	Corrosion resistant body. Overheat protection. Case diameter - 97 mm. Weight - 3.7 kg. Power consumption - 200 W. Power cable - 10 m.	1000 l/h 70 m of water Art. 7 m	1750 rub.
"OLSA Brook-1"	Time-tested model of medium capacity and head level. Upper fence. Power consumption 225 W. Weight - 4.3 kg. The length of the power cable is 25 m.	430 l/h 25 m water Art. 5 m	1870 rub.
«HAMMER NAP200А» (16)	Power consumption - 250 W. Weight - 4 kg. For pure water - the maximum size of inclusions is 0.1 mm. Power cable 16 m. The highest degree of protection - IP68	660 l/h 40 m water Art. 5 m	2600 rub.
"ZUBR ZNVP-300-15 M2" "Rodnichok"	Power consumption - 225 watts. Cable length - 15 m. Factory manufacturer's warranty for 5 years.	1080 l/h 60 m water Art. 7 m	2830 rub.

Video: Vibratory Pump Useful Tips

Submersible drainage pumps

If it is planned to take water for watering the garden from a natural or artificial reservoir, then you can purchase a submersible drainage pump.

The intended purpose of such pumps is the pumping of liquids from tanks, the drainage of basements and flooded lowlands, the emptying of storage collectors and wells of sewage systems. Such tasks predetermine the features of the overall design of the device, its stability in increased and prolonged loads, and for most pumps of this type, the presence of automation that monitors the degree of emptying of the tank and prevents the unit from running idle.

The classic form of a drainage pump is a vertically located cylinder with a platform or legs for installation on the bottom of a reservoir or tank. Water intake can be carried out from below or from above - there is different models. With a lower intake and well-adjusted automation, such pumps can pump liquid to a layer of only a few millimeters, that is, almost completely.

As a rule, all pumps of this type are assembled according to a centrifugal scheme, but the number of working chambers and their design may vary.

Schematically, the basic design can be represented as follows:

"Classic" scheme of the device of drainage pumps

Vertical sealed housing (pos. 1), made, depending on the model, of cast iron, of stainless steel or hard plastic. It has a power cable on top. Usually there is a jumper, handle or loop for hanging the pump on a cable (item 3).

In the upper part of the housing there is an electric drive - a motor (pos. 4), from which rotation is transmitted through a shaft (pos. 5) working chamber. There are several blocks with bearings and reliable seals (pos. 6 and pos. 7), between which there is usually an oil chamber (pos. 8), which provides constant lubrication of friction units.

In the lower part there is a working chamber (or a cascade of several chambers) with impellers (pos. 8). Most often, closed single-channel impellers are used, but still pumps with an open impeller are more durable, capable of pumping even heavily contaminated liquids. Some models have a special, rotary vortex wheel. Such pumps are more efficient, but they are distinguished by a high price and high energy consumption.

From below, the entrance to the working chamber is usually protected by a grate (pos. 9), the mesh size of which corresponds to the maximum allowable diameter of solid inclusions. The created water pressure is transferred to the outlet pipe (pos. 10), which is usually located with an upward orientation - for easy connection of the sleeve.

The great convenience of drainage pumps is that they can operate both fully submerged and semi-submerged. Before installing the pump, the automation mechanism is set up - the float level is set, at which the engine power will be turned off. If the water level drops below the critical level, the automation will work, and the drive will not overheat. When the level rises to the set mark, respectively, the pump will turn on again.

A typical installation diagram is shown in the figure:

1 - drainage pump.

2 - suspension cable.

3 - sleeve (pipe) for pumping water.

4 - power cord.

5 - position of the float for actuation of the automatic shutdown of the drive.

6 - position of the float for automatic start of the pump.

As already mentioned, the pump is not necessarily suspended - many models are installed directly on the bottom of a reservoir or reservoir. If it is planned to carry out regular water intake from the same place, many owners make a kind of “podium” - a stand, for example, from cutting a large diameter pipe or from a steel corner. However, the design of most "drainers", both with an upper and a lower fence, provides for the possibility of such an installation in itself.

One of the key parameters of drainage pumps is an indicator of water pollution with which the unit can work. So, it can be conditionally divided into devices for clean water, for dirty and fecal, which are capable of pumping very contaminated viscous liquids. Often, fecal-type pumps are equipped with a special device at the inlet that grinds organic fibers, preventing them from clogging the internal channels of the pump and the hose system.

The choice of a particular model will depend on the characteristics of a particular water source. So, for a natural reservoir, where dirt, algae, sand, pebbles, etc. can get into the intake holes, it is better to purchase a pump for dirty water. If the reservoir is prone to swamping, then the best option would be to use a "fecal".

Almost all drainage pumps have a common drawback. They are designed for continuous work on pumping large volumes of liquid, that is, they are distinguished by excellent performance. But you can’t say the same about the pressure created - usually it is small, and direct watering with such a pump will present certain inconveniences. That is, they are convenient for delivering water from a reservoir or, for example, a collector to containers installed in a garden, but the pressure they create may not be enough for irrigation installations.

Model	Brief description of the model		average price
Caliber NPTs-750/35P	Drainage pump for clean and dirty water. The maximum size of solid inclusions is 30 mm. Power consumption - 750 W. The length of the power cord is 10 m. Float mechanism of automation	13.5 m³/h 8 m w.c. Art. 6 m	2650 rub.
Gardena 7500SP	Convenient model with a branch pipe adapted for quick-release connections. Float mechanism and protection against overheating. Weight - 4.3 kg. Power consumption - 340 watts. Cable 10 m. The maximum size of contaminants is up to 10 mm.	7.5 m³/h 6 m w.c. Art. 8 m	6800 rub.
GRUNDFOS UNILIFT CC 7 A1	Dirty water pump with maximum size particles up to 10 mm. Allows you to pump water to a minimum level of 3 mm. Dry run protection. Universal outlet adapter. Cable length - 10 m. Weight - 5 kg. Power consumption - 380 W	9.5 m³/h 6.5 m w.c. Art. 10 m	11900 rub.
Metabo TPF 6600 SN	Combined housing made of stainless steel and high strength polymer. Pure water pump (particle size up to 3 mm). Cable length - 10 m. Power consumption - 450 W. Low noise at work. Weight - 4.3 kg.	6.6 m³/h 6 m w.c. Art. 5 m	6600 rub.
LEBERG GS550	Pump for pumping heavily polluted water (faecal type), up to 25% of pollution from the total volume and with impurities up to 35 mm in diameter. Built-in protection systems, float automatics. Cable length - 10 m. Power consumption - 500 W. Weight - 4.2 kg.	12 m³/hour 8 m w.c. Art. 3m	3900 rub.

Barrel pumps

It was already mentioned in the article that best way irrigation of agricultural crops - from the containers in which the water settled, heated up, dissolved gases came out of it. Competent placement containers (barrels) on the site will allow you to easily irrigate anywhere, without using excessively long hoses. You can fill barrels from a well, well, hydrant or natural reservoir using any of the pumps mentioned above. But for direct watering, special devices that are designed specifically for these purposes are very convenient.

Usually these are compact in size and small in weight pumps that are easy to carry from place to place for any person. Structurally, they are very similar to submersible drainage ones - they are made according to the same scheme, they have a similar float-operated automation device that monitors the level of filling of the tank.

Despite their small dimensions, such units give quite tidal performance and generated pressure. However, watering a site from barrels does not involve long hoses and lifting water from a considerable depth, and all the pressure, in principle, is spent on overcoming the resistance of horizontal sections and it is quite enough for any irrigation devices - guns, sprayers, sprinklers, etc. Many pumps of this type are even equipped with valve-type taps (item 1) so that it is possible to fine-tune the pressure required for irrigation.

As a rule, all of them have a universal fitting (pos. 2) at the outlet for connecting a quick-detachable hose system, which greatly simplifies preparatory work before watering. Of particular convenience is the device for hanging the pump over the edge of the barrel. This can be a rod of a certain length or telescopic (pos. 3), which is also the pump outlet. At the end of it, a bend is made, for which the apparatus is suspended from the side of the tank. Adjusting the length of the rod simultaneously changes the installation depth of the pump.

As a rule, such pumps are designed to pump fairly clean water, with minor impurities, so they often have a built-in sponge filter.

Many manufacturers complete their models with a coil of high-quality hose, adapters, spray guns - it turns out universal set suitable for a variety of watering.

Of course, such pumps are equipped with float water level sensors, which excludes their operation "dry". Moreover, special pressure sensors will turn on the pump only as needed - when watering is actually carried out. When the spray gun is switched off, for example, the pump also stops working and will restart automatically when the water flow is opened again.

Of the shortcomings, it can only be noted that such pumps are usually not designed for continuous operation. Although they are, in fact, "drainers", it is still not worth using them to pump a large volume of water. And for watering the garden, too much duration will not be required.

Model	Brief description of the model	Productivity, pressure generated, maximum immersion depth	average price
GARDENA 4000/2 CLASSIC	Two-stage impeller for high performance. Telescopic adjustable suspension bar. Universal fitting-adapter. Built-in water filtration system. Control and stop valves. Power - 500 watts. Cable length - 10 m. Weight - 4.2 kg.	4000 l/h 20 m water Art. 5 m	5500 rub.
"Caliber NPC-350B"	Barrel drainage pump for clean and contaminated (particles up to 5 mm) water. Removable foam filter at the water intake. Float mechanism of automation. Telescopic shaft. Universal fitting - "quick release". Power - 350 watts. Weight - h kg.	3000 l/h 10 m water Art. 5 m	3100 rub.
Karcher BP 1 Barrel	Model with manual and automatic (as the irrigation device is turned on) operating modes. Instead of a rigid bar - flexible hose, with the ability to adjust the installation height of the device for fastening to the edge of the barrel. For pure water (up to 1 mm). Weight - 5.6 kg. Power - 400 watts.	3780 l/h 11 m water Art. 7 m	6200 rub.
ZUBR ZNPB-300	Barrel pump for clean water (impurities not more than 0.5 mm). Telescopic rod. Float automation system. Power consumption - 300 W. Weight - 4 kg.	2460 l/h, 9 m w.c. Art. 5 m	3950 rub.

Video: system for watering the garden from the barrel "Karcher"

The reader may have questions about what technique to use for drip irrigation. By and large, any of the types of pumps discussed in the article can be used. However, the exact choice of a specific model should still be tied to the features of the drip irrigation system being created. Such a system for proper organization– is quite complex and requires a separate in-depth consideration, which is beyond the scope of this publication.

Life in the country is always associated with the use of pumps. If you need to deliver water from a well or a well to a house, if you need to water a garden, pump out water from a pool, a flooded basement, or take water from an open lake, a pump comes in handy everywhere. Depending on the conditions, either surface or submersible pumps are used. This article focuses on the latter category. The submersible water pump is used to supply clean water without impurities from deep wells and wells, as well as to pump out dirty water or sewage. These pumps operate submerged in water, are capable of delivering water to great heights and differ in design depending on the tasks for which they are intended. For summer cottages, several types of submersible pumps are useful at once. Therefore, in order not to make a mistake with the choice, we will dwell in more detail on the specifics of each type of pump and the area in which it can be applied and why.

Types of submersible pumps

Submersible pumps are divided into different categories and types according to different parameters.

Conventionally, all submersible pumps can be divided into two categories: clean water pumps(without impurities) and dirty water pumps. They differ structurally. Pumps designed for pumping clean water are not capable of passing debris and dirt larger than 10 mm. In addition, the parts of the pump itself wear out quickly and fail under the destructive influence of sand and other debris. Pumps designed for pumping dirty water or even sewage can also be divided into two types: with a grinder and without a grinder. A conventional drainage pump, for example, freely passes sand, silt and other small debris. But the fecal sewage pump is equipped with a special grinder that recycles garbage.

Also, household submersible water pumps according to the principle of operation are vibrating, centrifugal, vortex and screw.

By purpose, submersible pumps are divided into:

Well pumps;
Well pumps;
Drainage pumps;
Fecal pumps;
Pumps for aquariums, mini fountains and other small objects.

When we are looking for the right pump, we know what we need it for and what we want from it. Therefore, let's take a closer look at what each type of submersible pump is.

Submersible water pumps for wells

Water supply from a well can be carried out both by a surface pump and a submersible pump. If the well is deep, submersible pumps are used. They have an elongated shape of a cylinder of small diameter, which allows the pump to be lowered into a well with a diameter of 90 to 250 mm. Well pumps have different characteristics: immersion depth, head, power, performance, etc.

Borehole pumps are also called deep-well pumps, as they operate at great depths - up to 50 m. Such units are used to provide water supply in the country, supply water to the house, bathhouse or for watering the garden plot, beds, filling the pool, containers and other needs.

Typically, well pumps are centrifugal units. The water intake hole is at the bottom. Inside the housing there is an impeller, disks with blades curved against the movement of the impeller, and an engine connected to the impeller by means of a shaft. Water is sucked into the pump by centrifugal force, which occurs as a result of the rotation of the impeller. In the middle, a reduced pressure is formed, and on the periphery (closer to the walls of the disks) - an increased one. Under the influence of the pressure difference, water is pumped from the outside to the center, and then up to the outlet leading to the pipeline.

It is necessary to operate a centrifugal submersible pump immersed in water, this is its thermal protection in case of power surges, “dry running” and other emergency situations. If this is not checked, the engine may overheat. Therefore, submersible pumps are equipped with floats, signaling that the water level has dropped to a critical level.

The range of submersible pumps for wells includes models of pumps with floating impellers, which allows you to pump dirty water with sand content up to 180 g/m3. There are also models in which the motor housing and the entire hydraulic part are made of stainless steel. Such pumps are not afraid of sand, are resistant to the negative impact of abrasive particles and have excellent performance characteristics.

The most reliable submersible pumps for wells are units from such manufacturers: Wilo(Germany), Grundfos(Denmark), Pedrollo(Italy), ZDS(Italy). Cheaper pumps offer Aquario(Italy), Sprut(China), Aquatica(China). Sufficiently high-quality durable models can provide Aquarius(Ukraine), Water cannon(Russia) and Dnipro-M(Ukraine).

For example, a submersible centrifugal pump PEDROLLO 4SR1m/13 can be installed in a well with a diameter of more than 100 mm, it must be immersed in water at least 0.5 m. The body and hydraulics are completely made of stainless steel.

But the pumps of the Ukrainian company Aquarius have high productivity, but differ in discharge height. For example, model Aquarius BTsPE-0.5-16U is capable of pumping water only 27 m, but with a volume of 3600 l / h, the minimum well diameter is 110 mm, it costs 140 USD. And here is the model of the submersible pump Aquarius BTsPE-1,2-50U pumps water up to 70 m with a volume of 9400 l / h and costs 250 USD. On the this moment There are no complaints about the quality of Aquarius products.

for giving, they are used when it is necessary to create a large pressure with a small supply of liquid. The impeller in a vortex pump is equipped with blades in a radial and inclined position. The impeller rotates in a cylindrical housing, where there is a small gap between it and the walls of the housing. Water is sucked into the channel and thrown out through it to the outlet. Compared to centrifugal pumps, vortex pumps create a pressure of 3 to 7 times more, although the dimensions and speed of the impeller are the same. The design of such a pump is simpler and cheaper, but it cannot pump liquids with abrasive substances, for example, sand - it quickly fails. For example, a pump Euroaqua 4SKm 100 it will cost only 100 USD, its maximum head is 52 m, the productivity is 50 l / min, but it can only be used for pumping clean water.

Used when the pumped water contains a large number of impurities, large abrasive particles. For example, a Chinese pump Sprut 4S QGD 1.2-50-0.37 can be installed in a well over 100 mm, it pumps water to a height of 93 m with a volume of 33 l/min and costs only $100. The screw in this pump is made of stainless steel, the housing, pump shaft and motor shaft are also made, and the mechanical seal is made of graphite-ceramic. But do not think that all Chinese pumps are so cheap. Submersible pump Sprut QGDA 1.5-120-1.1 has a capacity of 30 l / min, but is able to pump water to a height of 170 m, so it costs 270 - 300 USD.

When choosing a submersible pump for a well, it must be taken into account that the diameter of the pump must be 10 - 12 mm less than the diameter of the casing pipe, otherwise the pump may jam.

The supply of water for water supply to the dacha from the well using a submersible pump is carried out in cases where the water is deep and the surface pump is simply not able to pump it out, or the well itself is located at a great distance from the house.

Submersible well pumps must be in water at a depth of at least 1 m. Such a pump must not be operated when the water level drops, as the unit may overheat. The fact is that the engine is cooled by pumped water and the fact that the pump housing is constantly in the water.

For water supply from a well, you can use the same pumps as for wells (centrifugal, vortex and screw), as well as vibration pumps.

fundamentally different from centrifugal, they do not have rotating parts, blades and other elements that need to be lubricated and that can overheat from friction. Inside the body of the vibration pump there is a core with a winding (vibrator), which creates an electromagnetic field. As soon as an electromagnetic field has formed, it attracts the piston rod to itself. When this field disappears, the piston rod returns to its original position. In fact, these movements are vibrations, which is why the name of the pumps is vibrating. There are 100 such movements of the piston and rod in 1 second. Under the influence of the pressure difference, water is sucked into the suction chamber, and then moves to the discharge chamber and further to the pipeline.

Striking examples of vibration pumps are the units " Baby», « Brook», « Aquarius», « Summer resident" other. They are very cheap - up to $40. and quite durable and reliable. The only drawback of vibration submersible pumps is that under the influence of vibrations, sand, silt and other debris rises from the bottom of the well and is sucked into the pump. Therefore, they must be positioned so that at least 1 m of water remains at the inlet to the bottom of the well.

A household submersible water pump can be installed in a well in two ways: the first is to hang it on a galvanized steel cable at a certain height (there are special ears on the pump housing for this), the second is to fix it permanently at a certain height, making a frame like a bracket for this. The second method is dangerous because in the event of a pump breakdown, it cannot be removed from the well without draining it. To drain the well, you can use an additional - drainage pump.

Also, submersible pumps for wells are equipped with a float, which signals a critical water level.

The following companies produce pumps for wells: WILO(TW5/TW5-SE series), LOWARA(series Scuba), CALPEDA(MXS series), OFT(Italy, Trend series), NOCCHI(Pratika series), "JILEX"(series "Water cannon"), EBARA(Idrogo series) and KERSELF(Italy, Omega 12 series).

Drainage pumps are used to pump out dirty water from various objects: flooded premises, basements, trenches, pits, standing wells. They are also suitable for draining a pool, large barrel or container. It is also possible to pump water from an open water source (kopanki, lakes, rivers, reservoirs). Thus, you can water the garden or garden by lowering the drainer into the nearest pond or kopanka.

The main difference between drainage pumps and conventional submersible pumps is that the category of drainage pumps is designed for pumping dirty liquid, which may include sand, silt, long-fibre inclusions and other debris. To do this, the housing and the hydraulic part of such a pump are made of durable materials resistant to deformation.

In order to choose the right drainage pump, it is necessary to analyze for what specific needs it is useful and what is the degree of pollution of the water that they will have to pump out.

Pump with multi-channel impeller is considered the most “gentle” and can pump water with inclusions no larger than 10 mm in size. Such a pump can pump more dirty water for a very short time - it quickly fails. Such a pump can be used to pump rainwater from a tank or a flooded room, to drain a pool, to water a garden from an open source.
Pump with single-channel impeller able to pump more dirty water with mechanical inclusions, sometimes even with fecal masses.
Open impeller pump capable of pumping water with mechanical inclusions larger than 50 - 70 mm. It can be fallen leaves, sand, silt, household waste. With such a pump, you can safely pump out water from a trench and a pit, where there is a huge amount of clay inclusions in the water.

All submersible drainage pumps can be used both submerged and dry. For example, to completely remove water from a flooded room, the pump is placed on the floor and works until it completely dries the floor. To protect against "dry" running in such pumps there is a special thermal protection.

Drainage pumps differ in performance, head (delivery height) and the size of the particles that can pass through them. It also matters what material the pump body and parts are made of if it has to be operated in a rather aggressive environment. Pay attention to the limitation of the temperature of the pumped water.

Popular manufacturers of drainage pumps: AL-KO(series SUB, Drain, Twin, SPV (stainless steel body)), Aquatica, Grundfos, PEDROLLO, Dnipro-M, Metabo, ULTROPump, ZENIT, SPRUT other. The cheapest models can be found among the products of Dnipro-M and Aquatica - 40 - 50 USD. Prices for PEDROLLO submersible drainage pumps start from 225 - 250 USD, although experts say that these units are reliable and durable unlike Chinese products.

Fecal pumps are used for pumping or pumping waste and sewage water with a large inclusion of mechanical particles. Most often they are installed in a collection well or sewer pumping station, where they grind up garbage and pump drains into a septic tank, which is an autonomous sewer in the country house.

The main difference between a submersible fecal pump and a drainage pump is the presence of a chopper, which is able to "grind" not only long-fiber fecal inclusions, but also towels, gloves, hygiene products, contraceptives and more. The grinder and fecal pump housing are made of metals such as stainless steel or cast iron, as they must be resistant to aggressive influences. Wastewater. The size of foreign inclusions practically does not matter, the main thing is that they should not be stones and other solid objects.

A fecal submersible pump in the country is an indispensable thing if an autonomous sewage system is equipped. Such a pump is lowered directly into the collection well and works in a submerged state. The pump is hung on a galvanized steel cable and equipped with floats, signaling that it is necessary to pump out effluents or stop working.

Important! Submersible fecal pumps can pump not only dirty sewage with garbage, but also clean water from a tank, pool, lake or barrel. There is some versatility in this. The main thing is that it be clean before using it in clean water.

The following companies produce fecal pumps: Aquatica, Grundfos, PEDROLLO, SPRUT, Dnipro-M, ZENIT and DOLPHIN. Models are considered the most expensive and reliable Pedrollo ZXm 1A/40, PEDROLLO MCM 10/50 and Wilo. The cheapest fecal pumps are produced by Dnipro-M (Ukraine) - 60 - 70 USD, and the most expensive HOMA and PEDROLLO- from 350 to 1000 USD

12 volt submersible water pumps

A separate category should be allocated to small submersible pumps that can be powered by car batteries, yachts or boats, as well as from a solar power plant.

A 12 Volt submersible water pump requires low voltage - 12 V and does not have high performance, but this is not required of him. Similar pumps are used as a yacht pump - to pump out water from a boat, boat or a flooded object. And also in aquariums and decorative fountains. Some models are equipped with a dirt filter, which allows you to pump the water in which the a small amount of foreign inclusions.

For example, a submersible water pump Propump 2000GPH has a high capacity of 7570 l / h, but a small head - only 3 m, the body is made of durable thermoplastic, the motor and pump shafts are made of stainless steel, the mud filter is easy to remove and clean. Such a pump will cost only 70 - 80 USD.

Submersible pump Kerry m1280-10(China) delivers water for 10 m, has a capacity of 45 l / min and requires a direct current of 12 V. The model is designed to operate on solar panels.

At the moment, 12 volt submersible pumps are quite rare on our market, they are mainly imported from China on order.

How to choose a submersible water pump for a summer residence

As an example, let's consider how to choose a submersible pump for a well, since such pumps are not taken "for growth", they must exactly match the operating conditions in which they will have to work.

First - well debit. The performance of the pump should not exceed the debit of the well. In addition, the pump must not be allowed to work “dry”, otherwise sludge will get inside.

Second - power supply. It is necessary to provide 220 V power from the RCD board. The best option is if the pump electrical cable is long enough to reach the shield.

Third - casing diameter. The pump diameter should be 10 - 12 mm smaller than the inside diameter of the casing.

Fourth - well water level must cover the pump completely.

Fifth - well depth, static and dynamic level. Static level - the level of settled water when pumping is not performed. dynamic level- water level when pumping occurs.

So, an example of the calculation and selection of a submersible pump for a well.

Well parameters:

Depth - 40 m.
Casing pipe diameter (internal) - 120 mm.
Debit - 3 m3/hour.
Static (mirror) water level - 18 m, dynamic level - 25 m.
The distance of the object (well) from the house is 10 m.

Determine the pump head:

We add up all the vertical sections of the pipeline (not only the pipeline of the well, but also the height difference to consumers in the house or the location of the accumulator). Based on the calculation that 1 m of pump head is equal to 1 m of vertical pipeline.
We fold all the horizontal sections of the pipeline. 1 m of pump head = 5 - 10 m of horizontal pipeline. When calculating, we assume that 1 m of head = 5 m of pipe.
A head reserve of 30 m is necessary for the operation of the accumulator.
We install the pump at 10 m of the static level, i.e. at a depth of 28 m.

We consider: 30 + 10/5 + 28 = 60 m.

So, pump head must be at least 60 m.

We determine the performance of the pump:

We summarize the water consumption of all consumers in the house that can be operated simultaneously. The data is taken from the table. Suppose a washing machine, washbasin and bathroom will be used at the same time. 0.7 + 0.4 + 1.1 = 2.2 m3/h.

Conclusion: we need a pump with a head (delivery height) of more than 60 m, a capacity of more than 2.2 m3 / h (but less than 3 m3 / h), a casing diameter of less than 110 mm.

The following submersible pumps are suitable for us: DOLPHIN 4 SKm150 with a capacity of 2400 m3/hour, a head of 99 m, a diameter of 102 mm and a cost of 130 - 140 USD. and pump PEDROLLO 4SR1.5m/14 with a capacity of 2700 m3/hour, a head of 106 m, a diameter of 100 mm and a cost of 430 - 450 USD.

Which one to choose depends on the financial capabilities of the owner and personal preferences. The pumps of the Italian company PEDROLLO have proven themselves very well and so far have no serious complaints.

Submersible water pumps for other needs - for a well, a drainage pump and a fecal pump are easier to choose, since there are no performance restrictions and there is no risk of ruining the well. The power of the drainage and fecal pump is selected so that it can cope with the task, it will be watering the beds, pumping out the basement or sewage.

The submersible pump acts as one of the main devices for supplying such required water to the house. Equipment should be selected taking into account the parameters of the water supply source, as well as the needs of a particular user. You can install such a pump both independently and with the help of specialists.

Varieties of deep pumps

A deep-well pump, which you can install without assistance, can be borehole, well or drainage. The first variety has the ability to raise water from a fairly impressive depth, transmitting it over long distances. Well pumps are designed for installation in a well and have less impressive power. This affects not only performance, but also pressure. The drainage type of pumps is used for pumping contaminated water from drainage wells, basements and pools.

Well pump installation

If you choose to install such a unit, you will be able to do it. The technology will depend on the location of the device. In order to carry out installation work on installing a pump in the well to provide the house with water, it is necessary to lay a water pipe. It will connect the equipment that is in the well with plumbing fixtures installed inside the house. The master must take into account that the depth of the water pipes should be greater than the depth of soil freezing. This is an important aspect. If you decide to choose a well deep pump, the installation of this equipment involves leading an electric power cable to the well. With it, you can connect equipment. The wire can be placed on the soil surface in a protective sleeve or with water pipes. If you decide to choose the latter option, then in this case the cable will be less subject to technical impacts. On the top it is necessary to fix the bracket designed to hold the equipment. If the source depth is more than 30 meters, then for the convenience of extracting the unit, a metal formwork can be made. As for a less impressive depth, you can use a regular bracket, the pump is fixed to it with metal cables.

Final works

The deep-well pump, which is installed without the participation of a third-party specialist, must be connected to the water supply system. If the equipment does not have a special valve that is designed to prevent the passage of water in the opposite direction, then the device must be installed additionally. The next step is to connect the power supply. The cable must be fixed to the pipes that are located inside the well. Use insulating tape for this. This manipulation will eliminate damage that can disable the equipment. A deep pump, the price of which can reach 15,000 rubles, is lowered into the well to the desired level and strengthened with a holding device. The master will have to control the first start of the unit. It is important to check the correct operation of the device and the maximum tightness of the existing connections.

A deep pump (the price of the device varies depending on the functionality) can also be installed in the well. This will require special equipment, the cost of which sometimes reaches 30,000 rubles. Initially, the master will have to carry out the wiring of the water pipe system in the well to the points of consumption. You will need to tie the pump. A drainage pipeline is fixed to the equipment, as well as a power cable. A wiring diagram must be included with the unit. deep pump.

If you are not ready to carry out installation work yourself, you can use the help of specialists. The cost of installing a deep pump can reach 7,000 rubles. It is worth remembering that the borehole pump is also not recommended to be used without check valve, it must be installed on the equipment before connecting the water supply.

All pipes of the plumbing system must be insulated with tape, which prevents entanglement and damage. After the structure can be prepared, it should be lowered into the well to the required level. The unit must be fixed on the head. This element is not only a holding device for the pump, but also protection against all kinds of objects, foreign debris and leaves. The headline is also connecting link between the water supply system of the building and the pump itself. A drainage system must be connected to it. The master must check how correctly these works have been carried out. Only then can the device be put into operation.

Connecting the accumulator

Automation for a deep pump will extend the life of the equipment. A supply of water accumulates in the accumulator, and when the plumbing product is turned on, the liquid is consumed from the tank, only after reaching a critical water level the pump itself turns on. A one-time connection of equipment can satisfy the needs of users, and then refill the tank. When using a hydraulic accumulator, you will reduce the frequency of switching on the equipment, which will lead to an increase in the period of use. Automation for a deep pump reduces the number of pressure drops due to the use of several valves at the same time. This approach will protect the system from which happen when the device is turned on. The accumulator cannot be mounted without a pressure switch; it is triggered when the minimum water level in the tank is reached. Repair of deep pumps becomes necessary to produce much less often with this addition. Installing a pump in a well or well is quite simple. The main condition for this is correct selection equipment and advance preparation of additional materials, namely a check valve, connecting and additional electrical wires.

The deep well pump must not only be correctly selected and installed, but also used according to the rules prescribed by the manufacturer. Before choosing and purchasing this unit, you need to obtain information about the power supply voltage. This is important when choosing imported models. Everything that comes from abroad complies with the industrial standards of the country of origin. Thus, for German pumps, the permissible deviation in the mains voltage is from +6 to -10%. This rule must be taken into account even though the equipment system has built-in protection functionality. Power surges will adversely affect the life of the engine. In this case, it is necessary to provide an adjustable voltage protection in the control cabinet for three-phase pumps. This is true for inferior modes of operation. When choosing a deep well pump, you must remember that 85% of breakdowns occur due to the failure of the electrical part of the equipment. As main reason the stator windings protrude. This can be caused by hydraulic overload. Such unpleasant moments can be avoided by installing current protection.

If the household deep is used under improper conditions, then you may be faced with the need to spend on lifting the pump and repairing it. The price will be equivalent to the cost of the engine. You will have to pay for the re-lowering of the equipment, as well as putting it into operation. As practice shows, the final amount may be more than the cost of a new unit.

Conclusion

If the cost of installing a deep pump, which was mentioned above, seems unacceptable to you, then such work can be done independently. However, it is worth considering the fact that the equipment in this case may not be covered by the manufacturer's warranty.

Water supply of a country cottage or suburban area is a hot topic for most owners of this property. In one of the articles, we described the design and operation of surface pumps. Now we will take a closer look at submersible pumps.

All household submersible pumps are immersed in water, either partially or entirely. This device allows you to pump water from a considerable depth, including water from wells. Depending on the modification of the pump, its immersion depth can reach three hundred meters. Therein lies its main advantage. The disadvantage of submersible pumps is the relatively difficult maintenance of this device.

Submersible pump device

All submersible pumps have a durable sealed housing, which serves to protect the pump mechanism from corrosion processes. Household pumps are divided into two main types:

centrifugal,
vibrating.

If we talk about vibration submersible pumps, they pump water through vibration. In this regard, it is better not to lay these devices close to the sandy bottom, since vibration will be transmitted from the pump to the walls and bottom of the well, which will cause sand to rise. As a result, in the water that will come to your house, there will be a significant admixture of sand.

In turn, submersible centrifugal pumps pump water by rotating a wheel equipped with blades. Thanks to centrifugal force wheels, water is thrown to the walls of the pump and then sent to a special chamber. When the pressure increases, water from the chamber is supplied to the outlet.

Classification by purpose

The design of a household submersible pump affects its scope. Today, well or water pumps are produced, as well as borehole, fecal and drainage pumps.

Water pumps are used for pumping clean water, which does not contain all kinds of impurities such as algae, sand or silt. In this regard, it is better to place these devices no closer than a meter from the bottom of the reservoir. The water submersible pump is mainly used for pumping water for individual water supply or for watering gardens.
Well pumps, due to the fact that they have a water intake hole at the bottom, are able to function even with partial immersion.
Drainage submersible pumps are designed for pumping both contaminated and clean water. These pumps are not afraid of algae, sand, or small particles of debris. By means of drainage submersible pumps, it is possible to pump water for the purpose of watering vegetable gardens from the nearest ditch, as well as to pump out water accumulated during the spring floods from the basement or from the cellar. In addition, these devices are well suited for taking water from any open reservoir, as well as pumping water from the pool.
Downhole submersible pumps are used to draw water from great depths (up to 300m). The design of this type of pump allows you to work with water in which there are mechanical impurities, as well as with sandy or limestone water. Features of functioning also determine the shape of borehole pumps - they all have a small diameter and an elongated shape. The disadvantages of downhole submersible pumps are considered to be high cost, as well as the complexity of installation. Speaking about the advantages of these devices, it is necessary to note their high level of pressure force and performance. That is, they are able to provide water country cottage even when the water source is quite far away.
Fecal submersible pumps are used for pumping sewage. The design of this type of pump allows the passage of larger particles than a drainage pump. For this purpose, fecal pumps are equipped with a special cutting nozzle. These submersible pumps are used in cases where to organize gravity sewer system does not seem possible. Fecal pumps do not need to be pulled out - they can be in the pit for a long time, continuing to function.

Submersible pump selection criteria

It is necessary to select a submersible pump taking into account the required level of performance and pressure. These parameters should be pre-calculated.

Performance. To calculate it, it is necessary to determine the volume of water consumption. According to SNiP, watering one meter square lawn requires three to six sheets of water per day, and per person daily water consumption is 200 liters.

Head. The head is the height to which the pump can lift water. To calculate the required head, you need to know the height to which the water will rise, as well as the length of its horizontal path. It is believed that one meter of pressure is spent on ten meters of horizontal path.

Submersible Pump Manufacturers

The products of the Italian company Awelco have been pleasing consumers for quite a long time with their impeccable quality characteristics. Awelco has been producing pumping equipment for over twenty years. All submersible pumps manufactured by this manufacturer are manufactured to the most modern technologies. It is also gratifying that the prices for these products are quite reasonable.

Wilo is another German company producing submersible pumps. This company specializing in the manufacture of heating, industrial, fire-fighting equipment is one of the oldest and most experienced in Europe. Household submersible pumps of the Wilo brand are manufactured using the latest engineering developments.

Grundfos submersible pumps are durable and high-quality Danish-made devices. The lineup of these products is presented various kinds pumps. Grundfos produces both drainage and borehole pumps, as well as sewage pumping stations.

Submersible pumps from the German manufacturer Al-co are able to provide water to your garden plot and country house. The pumping equipment of this machine-building concern has been produced for more than seventy years. With Al-co's wide range of submersible pumps, you can choose the one that best suits your home.

Submersible pumps have been produced by the Russian company "Dzhileks" since 1993. This product from "Dzhileks" will delight you not only with a very high level of quality, but also with its low prices. Continuous development in the field of pump improvement allows Russian company compete with more experienced Western firms.

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