Rules for placing sockets in the apartment. Proper installation of sockets and switches will ensure comfort and safety in the home

IN modern apartment Many electrical devices operate simultaneously. During renovations, it often becomes necessary to move poorly located sockets and plan them so that you can connect each device without problems and avoid tripping over wires stretching throughout the house. This is most relevant for houses old building- in new buildings the electrical network is usually organized more efficiently. Before starting work, you should think about how to rationally arrange household and digital technology, shields and sockets.

Optimal location

In each room, residents often or constantly use various electrical appliances. To ensure that all interior items are in their place and sockets are not hidden behind a closet or sofa, you should draw a plan of each room with the indicated dimensions and determine where the furniture, appliances, and lighting will go. It is also necessary to take into account building codes and rules to ensure fire safety and proper operation of electrical wiring.

Hallway and corridor

It is better to connect lighting in the hallway using separate switches. Most often, shoe dryers or a vacuum cleaner are used in this room. Therefore, two sockets located in the corner at a height of 30 cm from the floor and 10 cm from the door or furniture will be sufficient. If it is necessary to install additional electrical devices in the hallway, the circuit becomes more complicated.

Bathroom

The bathroom can be constantly plugged into sockets washing machine, shower cabin and water heater. Often you need to use a hairdryer or razor. For large equipment Separate energy sources will be required, which, according to the rules, should be located no closer than 60 cm from the water source and from the floor. You should buy special waterproof sockets with a cover and IP44 marking - they have a special plastic flange with inside to drain water in case of contact.

Fan forced exhaust usually connected to a light switch - if a person enters the bathroom, the hood starts working.

Kitchen

The kitchen leads in the number of constantly working electrical appliances. The main list of equipment constantly connected to the network:

• fridge;
• dishwasher;
• electric stove;
• microwave;
• TV;
• hood;
• electric kettle;
• washing machine.

Therefore, at least eight sockets are required for permanent job and at least five for small household appliances such as a mixer, coffee grinder or meat grinder.

The main difficulty is correct location sockets for built-in appliances - they cannot be placed behind electrical appliances, so it is better to move the energy sources to adjacent cabinets kitchen set. For hob And oven It is necessary to install separate power supplies - the double socket will not withstand the load.

Sockets for a blender or toaster, which the owners use on the table, need to be installed higher work surface by 30 cm.

Living room

This room serves for relaxation and entertainment of the household; it contains a TV, audio center, Wi-Fi router, split system, local lighting points. These devices are constantly connected; according to safety rules, sockets for them are mounted at a height of 30 cm from the floor and at least 10 cm from door and window openings.

For a split system, the socket should be placed at the top, near the installation site indoor unit- this will avoid unsightly wires on the walls.

Will a good decision make it possible to connect chargers or an electric fireplace in the sofa area.

Bedroom

On bedside tables Usually there are phones or tablets lying around that require additional charging. That's why optimal solution will place a couple of sockets near the bed, at a distance of 15–20 cm from the tabletop.

If the bedroom is dressing table, then you should also install an outlet near it to connect a hair dryer or other equipment.

It’s convenient to watch your favorite movies and shows while lying in bed, so the TV is usually hung on the wall opposite the head of the bed. You can hide the socket behind the screen panel.

Children's

An outlet for a night light is enough for a small child, but it is worth considering that in a couple of years they will need energy sources for game consoles and charging their phone, tablet, TV and computer. And if there are several children, then the load on the power grid increases.

For children's rooms, it is advisable to buy safe sockets with covers or plugs and place them so that the baby does not reach the hanging wires.

Office or desk

The desktop usually contains a computer, monitor, peripheral equipment, telephone and desk lamp. For comfortable work you will need at least 6 sockets with surge protector, and to hide the unsightly tangle of wires, you should mount the electrical accessories at a height of 25–30 cm above the floor level and remove the wires under the cable channel.

Video: How to correctly place sockets and switches

Planning at the design stage will allow you to equip each functional area in the apartment as desired, for example, equip workplace and type on your laptop while lying on your favorite couch. If you arrange the power connectors in the apartment in accordance with safety rules and take into account the number and placement of basic electrical appliances, then the wires will not get tangled under your feet, and the use of the equipment will become more convenient.

The issue of the correct location of electrical connectors, that is, sockets and switches, needs to be given timely attention, even at the stage of planning the placement of all household appliances. In addition, you need to take into account the amount of large and small equipment, according to which the installation of sockets and switches will be carried out.

There is a certain set of electrical installation rules that experts follow, and you can take note to become more knowledgeable before starting installation work.

How to position sockets correctly

So, the first thing that may puzzle you when installing sockets is their height relative to the floor level.

In kitchens, sockets should be installed at a height of about 1 m. 30 cm, but this figure sometimes changes, depending on the dimensions and placement kitchen furniture.

It’s good if the main part of all kitchen outlets is located above the work surface, because it’s convenient. But, nevertheless, we should not forget that the minimum distance from sockets to the sink and gas pipeline must be at least 50 cm.

In bathrooms and other rooms with high humidity, sockets are not allowed to be installed lower than 1 m above the floor.

In addition, their location near a bathtub, shower stall (or inside it) is prohibited. If the socket is mounted next to a sink, you should choose a higher location so that splashes of water do not fall on the connector.

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In residential premises, sockets, according to the rules, are installed at a height of 20-30 cm above floor level.

But it is worth noting that such an arrangement is not appropriate in a house where small children live. If sockets are already installed, you should choose a design with a special curtain and lock to protect children from accidents.

How to position switches correctly

You are probably familiar with the time when it was customary to place switches in apartments at shoulder or eye level of an adult, that is, at approximately a height of 1 m 70 cm. Today, the switching device lighting fixtures installed according to ergonomic convenience.

• The switches are located at the doorway on the side of the door handle at a distance of 10 cm.
• The height of the switches according to the floor is 80 - 90 cm, at the level of the hand lowered down.
• In bathrooms, the minimum distance from the switch to the shower doorway is 60-70 cm.
• Switches installed above the work surface in the kitchen, as well as sockets, should not be located close to the sink or gas pipeline closer than 50 - 60 cm.

Personal comfort

The above are general standard rules for the placement of sockets and switches, but in own apartment you may have personal needs for their installation.

For example, many people read before going to bed, therefore, a socket for table lamp just needed near the bed. By the way, it is better to install it according to the rules, at a height of 30 cm above the floor. But it is better to place the switch a little lower than 80 cm away - ideally, next to the outlet.

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Modern configurations of furniture: kitchen, work or leisure - can surprise, largely due to hidden capabilities. Such as built-in or under the countertop, retractable organizers with several sockets for portable devices (chargers, electric kettle, laptop) and others modern devices, without which we can no longer imagine our existence.

It should be noted that such built-in sockets must be insulated, especially if they are located on the working surface of kitchen furniture or an island. And the installation process should be entrusted only to specialists, even at the stage of designing the cabinet body.

In fact, in construction there are no strict rules regarding the number and location of sockets and switches, either in an apartment or in a private house. But there are two documents that say how and where it is better to place sockets and switches. The first document is SP 31-110-2003, which states that switches should be placed on the side door handles, the distance from the floor to the switch is no more than one meter. Sockets can be placed anywhere, but also at a height of up to a meter. The second document, Rules for Electrical Installations, talks about safety rules when installing sockets and switches. The distance from sockets and switches to gas pipelines is standardized; it must be at least 50cm. In bathrooms, it is allowed to install sockets at a distance of 60 cm from sinks, bathtubs, showers, etc. Such sockets must be protected by an RCD with an operating current of up to 30 mA (residual current device).

Currently, the European standard for installing sockets and switches has become firmly in fashion, according to which sockets are installed at a height of 30 cm from the floor, and switches at a height of 90 cm from the floor. This arrangement of sockets and switches is convenient for all family members. Since the child can turn on the light himself, and an adult does not even have to raise his hand to the switch because it is at arm’s height. Cords from electrical appliances plugged into sockets lie on the floor and do not interfere with the passage. Comfortable!

Figure 1. According to the European standard, sockets are installed at a height of 30 cm, and switches 90 cm from the floor level.

Previously, in the Soviet Union, a standard for installing sockets and switches was used, according to which sockets were installed at a height of 90 cm from the floor, and switches were placed at a height of 1.6 m from the floor. This standard also has its advantages, and it is no worse than the European standard. Therefore, many people currently prefer this standard. For example, the switch is always in plain sight, and you can insert the plug into the socket without bending down. It’s up to you to choose which standard to install sockets and switches; both options have their pros and cons.

Figure 2. According to the Soviet standard, sockets are installed at a height of 90 cm, and switches 160 cm from the floor level.

There are no prohibitions or restrictions on the height of installation of sockets and switches in the kitchen, as in other rooms, so they should be placed based on considerations of practicality and ease of use, but taking into account PUE requirements. Which says the following.​

7.1.48. Any switches and sockets must be located at a distance of at least 60 cm from the doorway of the shower stall. Therefore, from the sink.

7.1.50. Minimum distance from switches, plug sockets and electrical installation elements to gas pipelines there must be at least 50 cm.

Based on standard sizes kitchen furniture, a certain standard has been formed for the height of installation of sockets and switches in the kitchen. According to which it is customary to install sockets on three levels.

First level 10-15 cm from the floor on which sockets for an electric stove, dishwasher, refrigerator, waste shredder are installed... This height is optimal in terms of access to sockets, because after installing the “kitchen” it will be possible to get to them only from below.

Second level 110-130 cm from the floor, on which sockets are installed for connecting a kettle, blender, multicooker, microwave oven, that is, for those electrical appliances that will be used on the work surface (table) and used for cooking.

Third level 200-250 cm from the floor, sockets are installed here to connect the hood and lighting. This height was also chosen taking into account the possibility of access to sockets. You just need to stand on a chair and the sockets are in front of your eyes. And standing on the floor they are not visible behind the upper kitchen cabinets.

Figure 3. In the kitchen, sockets are installed on three levels. Switches can be installed both according to European standards and Soviet standards.

Installation height of sockets and switches in the bathroom.

The bathroom is a room with high humidity, therefore, all sockets installed in the bathroom must be connected through an RCD and have a degree of protection against moisture of at least IP44, with a splash-proof cover on a spring, this is what the PUE requires from us and common sense. Once again, it is necessary to install sockets and switches at a distance of at least 60 cm from sinks and showers. It is also not allowed to install sockets under and above the sink. But the installation height of the sockets must be chosen so that it is as convenient for you to use such household appliances as a hair dryer and electric razor.

Figure 4. Sockets in the bathroom are installed at a distance of at least 60 cm from the shower stall and sink, and are connected through an RCD, in accordance with the requirements of the PUE.

Recommendations for installation height and location of sockets and switches in the bedroom.

My clients often ask me where to install sockets and switches in the bedroom? Based on personal experience I make the following recommendations, which are based on comfort and ease of use. For example, if a double bed is installed suitable option, when there is a socket on both sides of the bed and two-button switch at a height of 70 cm from the floor. Sockets so that while lying on the bed you can connect, for example, a phone to charge, and switches so that you can turn on or off the light in the room or sconce without getting out of bed.

Figure 5. In the bedroom, we select the height of sockets and switches based on the conditions of comfort and ease of use.

In such a scheme, you can fully control the lighting from three places: one switch is traditionally installed at the entrance and the other two are on both sides of the bed, as shown in the figure. It's very convenient!

Dear site visitors, at the end of the article I would like to invite you to watch a video about how exactly you should not install sockets and switches in your apartment. This video shows specific examples the most common mistakes in all rooms of the apartment. Watching this video will help you avoid problems and mistakes, because after installation you don’t want to redo everything!

1. For home appliances and indoor lighting

Before installing a kitchen, it is important to plan the location of the equipment and its quantity in order to provide the necessary sockets. Standard items: stove or oven, refrigerator, hood. Optional: microwave oven, dishwasher, kettle, coffee machine, toaster, multicooker, built-in lighting.

When renovating, you cannot know for sure whether you will have a toaster in a few years or not, so it is better to make a little more sockets in advance. It should be taken into account that not every time it will be used and connected to the network at the same time. The result is approximately 7-8 sockets only in the area of ​​the kitchen unit. Add a couple more pieces about dining table- suddenly you need to connect your phone to charge or you want to put it there.

Recommended installation height for sockets for built-in appliances: 30-60 cm. Some place them in the furniture base - at a height of 5 cm from the floor. Sockets should not be located directly behind built-in electrical appliances. It is better to make a socket for the hood at a height of 50-60 mm from the top kitchen cabinet. It should not be covered by the ventilation duct.

Place the sockets above the tabletop at a height of 10-30 cm from the work surface.

2. For additional equipment

Sometimes sockets in the kitchen are also needed for a vacuum cleaner. In this case, they should be placed at a height of 30-40 cm from the floor.

A common kitchen switch is sometimes placed in the hallway; place it at a height of 75-90 cm and at a distance of 10-15 cm from the door.

Design: AnARCHI

The placement of outlets for the TV depends on the location where you place it and the size of the screen. It is better to hide them behind the screen, but provide access to the power plugs. You will need 2 standard electrical outlets: one TV and one Internet outlet - a mandatory option for modern smart TVs.

1. At the door

For the location of switches and sockets at the living room door, the same rules apply as in the kitchen: height 75-90 cm, free access for all family members from different heights.

An outlet is also needed in the entrance area: for a vacuum cleaner or a heater. On average, the height from the floor should be 30 cm, from the door opening - 10 cm.

2. In the TV zone

A TV is a must-have item for many in the living room. You need several sockets. The average height of the location is 130 cm, then they will not be visible behind the equipment. Need 2 electrical sockets and one outlet each for TV and Internet.

Design: Studio NW-Interior

3. In the sofa area

When planning outlets in the living room, you need to take into account the location of floor lamps, electrical appliances, as well as additional outlets for a laptop and telephone. The average height of the location is from 30 cm.

Often, when planning outlets in living rooms, appliances such as air conditioners, electric fireplaces, and game consoles are forgotten. Consider the appliances you have and those you plan to purchase, and based on this, plan the number of outlets.

4. At the desktop

Often the living room is also. In this case, you will need more sockets. Provide 2-3 pieces in the place where the desktop will be. It’s more convenient to place them above the table so as not to have to crawl under it every time to turn it on/off, but not everyone likes this solution aesthetically. If you have a desktop computer, you can put sockets at the bottom - it is unlikely that you will constantly turn it on and off.

Design: ItalProject

Children's room

1. At the door

At the entrance to the room, a switch is traditionally placed. Typically, the toggle switch is installed at a height of 75-90 cm from the floor, so that each family member is comfortable. It is also important to ensure that the switch is not blocking the cabinet or open door- place it on the same side as the handle.

An outlet should also be located next to the switch. You will need it for a vacuum cleaner, heater or humidifier. Recommended placement parameters: height about 30 cm and distance from the door 10 cm. If the child is small and begins to walk, provide plugs or covers for sockets.

2. At the berth

Near the bed you will need an outlet for a night light, a musical pendant for the crib or another device (for example, a humidifier). Don't forget about protection; this place will become the most accessible for the child as soon as he begins to stand up independently in the crib.

For an adult child, sockets are also useful opposite the bed for the TV. Sometimes they can be interestingly used in the interior if you haven’t bought a TV yet.

3. At the desktop

The student's room should be with desk- sockets are also needed there. At least for a lamp and a computer. Where to place it - above the countertop or below - is a controversial issue. Some people find it inconvenient to constantly crawl under the table to connect the device. Others don't like the look of wires. Choose after weighing the pros and cons.

Bedroom

1. Next to the bed

To modern man An outlet is required near the bed. Charge your phone e-book, working on a laptop - without an outlet nearby it will be inconvenient. A block of several sockets on the sides of the bed will save you from these inconveniences.

2. Near functional areas

Further options depend on the furniture and areas that are provided in the bedroom. If this is a desktop, the rules will be the same as for the living room and children's room. If you want to hang a TV, also consider the recommendations listed above.

Design: Olga Shipkova

3. At the door

Here you need to place a switch - the average height is the same as in other rooms. There may be several switches, depending on: spots, floor lamps, sconces. It would also be a good idea to provide an outlet for a vacuum cleaner.

Bathroom

The number of sockets depends on the electrical appliances that you will place in the bathroom. Standard: , hair dryer; optional: water heater and . It is important that the distance from the outlet to the floor and water source is at least 60 cm.

For the bathroom, special waterproof versions of sockets with a cover and a special degree of protection are needed. They are protected on the inside and allow water to drain if it gets inside the outlet.

Hallway

In the hallway you need a socket and a switch front door. The socket is useful for a vacuum cleaner, and it is always convenient to turn on the light immediately after entering the apartment. Sometimes switches are placed in the hallway at the entrance to the bathroom and kitchen.

Correct wiring in an apartment is the basis of comfort and well-being. That's why it's so important to know exactly where to lay the wiring and where to place sockets and switches.

It would seem that the renovation is completed, all that remains is to remove and arrange the furniture, and then (oh horror!) you realize: the sockets are not where they are needed, they are blocked by the furniture. And new sockets mean new wires in the wall, which means you have to tear off and re-glue the wallpaper, and so on in a circle.


The ideal option is to think about the placement of electrical appliances and furniture at the renovation planning stage. In order not to step on the same rake next time, I made notes, and my notebook has been replenished with various non-obvious electrical solutions, which I am happy to share with readers!

A switch in the hallway that turns off everything in the apartment!

Great idea! After all, it often happens that you’ve already gotten dressed, put on your shoes, and then it turns out that the light is on on the second floor... Or you’re driving to work and think: “Did I turn off the iron?”
It is very tempting to solve all these problems in one fell swoop, the main thing is that the refrigerator is turned off separately, otherwise you will have to throw out spoiled food very often.

Sockets in slopes

As you know, there are never too many sockets. Sockets in slopes are useful if the surface of the window sill serves as a kitchen working area, if the kitchen is small and you need to save every centimeter of free space, if there is a table next to the window.
For example, I have a blender on the windowsill in which I make smoothies every day. But there is no socket... They ran an extension cord, which spoils the whole view.
And before the New Year, you will thank yourself for this outlet when you decorate the window in the nursery (and maybe in the kitchen) with New Year's garlands.

Switches by the bed

And not just by the bed, but everywhere in public places. This life hack is not new for a long time, I see it all the time in hotels, but many people forget about it when they are doing renovations.

Regulator for underfloor heating - at eye level

It is at this height that it is convenient to adjust it. Why do all builders try to install it closer to the floor?

Full lighting on the balcony

When lighting the loggia, don’t forget about the switch. And what happens is: I went out onto the balcony, saw that it was dark, and I needed to return to the room to turn on the light.

More outlets in the bathroom

Hairdryer, washing machine, and maybe also a dryer, electric razor, electric toothbrush... Everything requires sockets, which, by the way, can be hidden in a cabinet.

Sockets for vacuum cleaners

Many people have not one vacuum cleaner, but two: a regular one and a robot. All these assistants require an outlet, and at a certain level: for a regular vacuum cleaner 30–40 cm from the floor and in each room, for a robot - in the hallway, taking into account a place for recharging.

Socket for charging gadgets in the kitchen

Be sure to consider it! Imagine that you are cooking a recipe from your tablet, and the tablet is dead! And you don’t have a free outlet in the kitchen... But now you will!
If we are talking about sockets designed for small household appliances such as a blender or coffee grinder, then think in advance how many household appliances you may need when cooking. If you are at a loss in this matter, then use one of our recommendations.
For each linear meter The working surface must have at least one socket. This does not mean that sockets should be installed every meter; they can easily be grouped together in several pieces.
You can do it even simpler and install 2-3 sockets on the kitchen “apron” above each free countertop. Usually these are two or three groups of sockets. Don’t forget to place one or two sockets in the dining table area. Useful if you need to charge cell phone or connect, for example, a laptop.

Hide sockets in closets

If on kitchen apron There are already a lot of sockets and it looks ugly, hide them, for example, at the bottom of wall cabinets.

Computer sockets

Think about what kind of computer you work on: for a desktop computer you will need 3-4 sockets, for a laptop you need to make an socket in all the places where you usually sit with it: next to the table, chair, sofa.