The beneficial effects of iodine-bromine baths. Iodine-bromine baths

Iodine-bromine baths have a therapeutic effect on a patient immersed in iodine-bromine.

During the procedure, 140-190 micrograms of iodine and 0.28-0.3 mg of bromine penetrate the body through the skin, which, entering the bloodstream, selectively accumulate in the thyroid gland, pituitary gland and hypothalamus. At the same time, the microenvironment of the nerve conductors of the skin changes and vascular chemoreceptors are excited, which leads to the formation of systemic reactions of blood circulation and respiration. As a result, the patient's muscle tone, blood pressure, heart rate decrease and stroke volume and circulating blood volume increase. Selectively increases blood flow in the kidneys, liver and spleen.

Iodine ions, entering the follicles of the thyroid gland with the help of active transport, form organic substances (adducts) and physiologically active thyroid hormones - thyroxine and triiodothyronine, restore the basic metabolism in the body. They stimulate protein synthesis and the oxidation of carbohydrates and lipids, which leads to an increase in high-density lipoproteins in the blood, which prevent the deposition of lipids in the vascular wall. In addition, iodine ions increase the fibrinolytic activity of the blood inhibited during atherosclerosis, lower its coagulation properties, maintain the initial electrolyte gradient between the cytosol and interstitium, and also stimulate the formation of antibodies and reduce the degree of allergization of the body, which is manifested by eosinopenia.

Accumulating in the focus of inflammation, iodine ions inhibit alteration and exudation, stimulate the processes of reparative regeneration (structure the collagen and elastin fibers of granulations), and accelerate the differentiation of the epidermis. Due to the high volatility, iodine ions from the surface of the bath easily penetrate through the upper respiratory tract and enter the alveolocapillary bed. Later, easily penetrating the blood-brain barrier, iodine ions inhibit the processes of excitation in the cerebral cortex and weaken pathological temporal connections in patients with psychosis and neurasthenia.

Bromine ions, penetrating into the brain, change the ratio of inhibitory-excitatory processes in the cerebral cortex towards increased inhibition and accelerate the synthesis of releasing factors of the hypothalamus and tropic hormones of the pituitary gland. Selectively blocking the ion permeability of potential-dependent ion channels of the peripheral nerve conductors of the skin, they cause a decrease in pain and tactile sensitivity in patients. Due to the crystallization of salts on the surface of the skin, this effect persists even after taking a bath.

Healing effects - anti-inflammatory (reparative-regenerative), tranquilizing, sedative, metabolic, secretory.

Indications for iodine-bromine baths

Indications - diseases of the cardiovascular system (myocardiostrophy, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris I and II FC, hypertension stage I and II, atherosclerotic and postinfarction cardiosclerosis (not earlier than 10 weeks after myocardial infarction), diseases of the central (schizophrenia, psychosis, neurasthenia) and peripheral (lumbosacral sciatica, neuritis, myalgia) nervous system, skin diseases (eczema, neurodermatitis, psoriasis), cerebral atherosclerosis, inflammatory diseases and consequences of damage to the musculoskeletal system (rheumatic and infectious-allergic polyarthritis, damage to ligaments, tendons, bones , deforming osteoarthritis), Raynaud's disease, endocrine forms of female infertility, exogenous-constitutional obesity.

Contraindications for iodine-bromine baths

Contraindications - thyrotoxicosis, pituitary form of obesity, gout.

natural springs iodine-bromine waters are absent in nature. Iodine and bromine ions are most often found in sodium chloride mineral waters. Iodine-bromine waters are widespread in the Urals, Siberia and oil and gas regions. Among the resorts with such waters: Sochi, Krasnodar, Khadyzhsnsk, Maikop, Goryachiy Klyuch, Ust-Kachka, Chertak (Russia), Salso-Maggiore-Terme (Italy), Hot Springs (USA), Bad Hall (Austria), Bad - Taurus (Germany), etc. Iodine-bromine water is easy to prepare artificially.

Quality criterion iodine-bromine water in a therapeutic sense, the content of iodine in it is not less than 10 mg / dm 3 and bromine is not less than 25 mg / dm 3 with a total mineralization of water not exceeding 10-12 g / dm 3.

Artificial baths prepared from a solution, 1 liter of which contains 100 g of sodium iodide and 250 g of potassium bromide (sodium). A freshly prepared solution (100 ml) is poured from a dark vessel into a bath with fresh water, in which 2 kg of sodium chloride is pre-dissolved and mixed thoroughly. Maximum term storage solution for 7 days.

Methodology. Before the procedure in the bath with hot water pour concentrated mother liquor. Then add cold fresh water until the desired temperature and volume of the bath are obtained. The patient is carefully immersed in the bath to the level of the nipples. After the bath, the patient blots the body with a towel (without rubbing), wraps it in a sheet and rests for 20-30 minutes. The duration of the baths, carried out with a break every other day or on the 3rd day, is 10-15 minutes, the temperature of the bath is 35-37 °C. The course of treatment is prescribed 10-15 baths. Repeated courses of iodine-bromine baths are carried out in 2-3 months.

Iodine-bromine baths are combined with gas (oxygen), mineral () and mineral gas () baths. In addition, they are used for vaginal and intestinal irrigation, washing, rinsing.

Mineral gas baths are therapeutic effects on a patient immersed in mineral water with gases dissolved in it. They are the leading factor in the procedures.

Good afternoon, dear readers! Let's continue talking about the therapeutic use of water procedures using salts. We have already discussed the beauty and health benefits of sea salt baths. Today we will discuss what benefits iodine-bromine baths bring to the body.

A bath with the use of iodine-bromine salt is used all over the world for the treatment and prevention of various ailments. In spa treatment, such sessions have proven to be highly effective and useful.

The therapeutic effect of the bath has on nervous system, have a positive effect on the production of thyroid hormones, treat some skin diseases. You can successfully take water treatments at home or spend your vacation visiting a specialized sanatorium.

So what are the benefits of iodine-bromine baths? What healing effect do they have? You will get the following result:

• Blood pressure will decrease, heart rate will decrease;
• The metabolism of the main elements will be restored;
• The production of thyroid hormones will return to normal;
• Inflammatory processes, allergies will decrease;
• Biostimulation of protein synthesis will occur, immune defense will increase;
• Tactile and pain sensitivity will decrease.

The therapeutic effect of the procedures has a general healing effect, and baths also have a sedative, anti-inflammatory, secretory, regenerative, metabolic effect. Studies have long proven the benefits of iodine and bromine to the human body.

Why is iodine useful?

The main task of iodine is to influence the performance of the thyroid gland, which produces hormones such as thyroxine, thyroidin and triiodothyronine. The main effect of these hormones on the body is to regulate metabolic processes, mainly lipid and protein.

Hormones also participate in energy metabolism, affect growth and development, accelerate recovery processes, but inhibition of excitation processes in the brain occurs. In addition, iodine improves the quality of blood: fluidity even in small vessels improves, this reduces inflammation, pain, improves overall mood.

I suggest you also watch a short video. You will find many more Interesting Facts about the benefits of using iodine-bromine baths for healthy and sick people:

What effect does bromine have?

Many medicines that improve the performance of the nervous system contain bromine. Thanks to him, the processes of inhibition and excitation in the cerebral cortex are in balance. After a course of procedures, people notice an improvement in the quality of sleep, a decrease in headaches and irritability.

Muscle tone also decreases, blood circulation increases, skin itching and burning sensation disappear, which is especially characteristic of allergic sensitivity. Moreover, this effect lasts quite a long time.

To whom are baths with iodine-bromide salt indicated?

The therapeutic effect is achieved by the simultaneous action of warm water and ions dissolved in it. If you want to calm your nervous system, iodine-bromine baths will be the best option for you.

So, the procedure is indicated for patients with neurosis or other serious mental disorders:

• Neurasthenia;
• psychoses;
• Hysteria;
• Schizophrenia.

With lesions of the spine and muscular-articular frame:

• Radiculitis;
• Osteochondrosis;
• Myalgia;
• Arthritis, polyarthritis;
• Arthrosis.

In gynecology, iodine-bromine baths are prescribed:

• With female infertility caused by hormonal disorders;
• With menopausal symptoms;
• With ovarian dysfunction, irregular periods;
• With inflammation of the appendages;
• With uterine myoma.

In addition, water procedures with iodine and bromine are carried out with obesity, with a decrease in the efficiency of the thyroid gland, with some pathologies of the urinary tract and gastrointestinal tract, as well as with skin diseases such as eczema, psoriasis, atopic or allergic dermatitis.

If you have a personal intolerance to bromine or iodine, such manipulations can harm you. Among other things, baths will be contraindicated in the following conditions and diseases:

• With increased production of thyroid hormones, thyrotoxicosis with a severe course;
• With a strong degree of obesity caused by diabetes;
• During childbearing;
• If there are diseases of the hematopoietic system, when the level of leukocytes is lowered;
• Hemorrhagic diathesis, dermatitis;
• thrombophlebitis;
• Skin lesions, wounds, boils, irritations;
• recent heart attack or stroke;
• Acute inflammatory diseases.

This list of contraindications may not be complete. When you are given a ticket to a sanatorium, all restrictions are taken into account by the therapist. But if you want to make a bath yourself at home, you need to consult your doctor who will determine your individual contraindications.

We make baths with iodine and bromine at home

How to make an iodine-bromine bath? How to prepare and take it correctly so that it brings maximum benefit, and does not cause harm? Undoubtedly, for the session will need large bath and iodine-bromine salt, which first of all will need to be bought at a pharmacy or ordered via the Internet.

The methodology is very simple. Let's take a look at the basic rules:

1. First, fill the bath with water, the temperature ranges from 36.6 to 37.2 degrees. Sometimes, with cardiovascular pathologies, it is slightly reduced;
2. The therapeutic effect will increase if bromine and iodine are dissolved in sea or mineral water. It is problematic to fill the bath with such an amount of ocean water, so we add 1 kg of sea or ordinary water to the water. table salt. How to prepare a bath with sea salt, we met;
3. After that, we fall asleep ready iodine-bromine salt 180-250 g, a recommendation for use is written on each package. So, 1 kg is enough for you for several procedures, the cost of one product is from 80 to 100 rubles.

You can prepare the bath in a different way, for this we prepare the healing mixture ourselves. In one liter of ordinary warm water, add 250 g of potassium or sodium bromide and 100 g of potassium iodide. A stock solution was obtained. This concentrate is added to the bath in 100 ml. Such a solution is stored in a dark glass jar, a light container is wrapped with thick paper or foil.

How to take a bath?

Then we carefully dive into the water to the level of the chest. The duration of the procedure is from 10 to 20 minutes. At the end of the session, the body must be blotted with a towel, it is advisable to rest under a warm blanket for about half an hour.

You should take such baths every other day or two. When you make 10-15 such sessions, the course will be considered completed. Repeat is possible after 2-3 months.

Homemade iodine-bromine baths should be taken 30 minutes before meals or 2 hours after. In inflammatory diseases of the joints and bones, baths can be local, separately for the arms or legs. The effect of the sessions will increase when the baths are combined with physical procedures: ultrasound therapy, oxygen baths.

Iodine-bromine sessions for children

The benefits and harms of iodine-bromine procedures for children do not differ from adults. In the sanatorium, the child takes baths under the supervision of a doctor. Many parents ask if it is possible for children to take baths with iodine and bromine at home, at what age should they start?

Indications and contraindications are the same as in adults. It is allowed to take baths not earlier than the age of five after consulting with a pediatrician. The concentration of the solution is the same, but the method of administration is slightly different.

Before immersing a child in an iodine-bromine bath, it is recommended to test for sensitivity to iodine and bromine. Drop no a large number of concentrated liquid on the inner area of ​​the forearm and observe the reaction.

If beauty, irritation, itching, burning does not appear in half an hour and in the absence of other contraindications, the baby can take a bath.

It is desirable to make the first session very short - 2-3 minutes, the second can be increased to 5 minutes. Gradually, the duration of the procedure is adjusted by parents to 10-15 minutes. Further increase in time is not recommended.

Be sure to rest between baths for 2-3 days. At the end of the session, the child also needs to rest. During the course, it is better to exclude active movements, make sure that the child plays calm games. At the end of the treatment course, the child returns to the usual rhythm.

Let's go to the resort

Sessions are widespread in areas where iodine-bromide brine with a high content of associated minerals has been found. Most resorts middle lane Russia actively uses iodine-bromine waters. The resort of which region is better to choose, it's up to you.

Here is a small list of geographic areas:

• Moscow region;
• Ivanovo, Kursk, Ryazan, Tambov regions;
• Kaliningrad and boarding houses of the Kaliningrad region;
• Nizhny Novgorod, Vologda;
• Southern regions - Anapa, Sochi, Maikop;
• Ural - Turinsk;
• Siberia - Tobolsk, Novosibirsk region.

By the way, in resorts with iodine and bromine, they not only take baths, rinse the mouth with a concentrated solution for periodontal diseases, irrigation is used in gynecology, ultrasonic inhalations are used based on iodine-bromine water.

Pearl baths

Which beautiful name, truth? Something magical immediately appears, pearls in the water! In fact, it's less romantic. It's a variety water massage in which air bubbles form in the water, resembling pearls.

At home, such a bath cannot be made, for this you need a special container with many small holes, where air is pumped by a compressor.

Hydromassage relaxes the muscular corset, perfectly cheers up. Various herbal extracts are added to the water, essential oils, moisturizing, emollients to enhance the therapeutic and cosmetic results: coniferous extract, mineral mixtures.

After the procedure, the skin is enriched with oxygen, its firmness increases, and appearance removes toxins from the body. In spa treatment, pearl baths are often combined with the use of iodine and bromine, if the patient has indications for this.

Personal feedback

Well pearl baths with iodine and bromine I passed twice in a boarding house in the city of Svetlogorsk. Since I didn’t have pronounced health problems at that time, I can’t say about the therapeutic result, I’ll just tell you about how everything is organized.

In the Svetlogorsk boarding house (Kaliningrad region), the balneary is a small room where the baths are located directly. All rooms are separated by partitions so as not to spy on the neighbors. Perhaps in other places the premises are organized in the same way.

In the dressing room they change clothes, and after the session here I dried my hair with a hairdryer. We are given a small towel, I brought a large terry towel with me. While I was changing, the nurse filled the tub with water, added salt, and turned on the bubbles.

Women are allowed to swim naked, swimming trunks are required for men. I don’t know why there is such a division: perhaps due to the fact that all the medical staff are female.

The water is initially very warm, but during the session it cools down a bit, so it’s not a pity to get out. Sitting in a warm bath with air bubbles running across your skin is undoubtedly great. After the bath, it would be nice to lie around for half an hour or even take a nap, but I didn’t have such an opportunity, I left home. But still, I really liked it!

Conclusion

Be sure to try to do a few sessions in a special office, medical center, sanatorium. Get an indescribable feeling! If there is no way to go to the resort, do not despair. The therapeutic effect of the procedure at home is no different. Have a good mood, success and be healthy!

You may also be interested

The powerful restoring potential of iodine-bromine salt has been scientifically proven. This product has stood the test of time and is therefore offered at the best medical institutions. Fortunately, iodine-bromine baths can be taken at home. The main thing is to comply with all generally accepted norms. To learn about all the features of self-administration of iodine-bromine salt, check out this article.

What problems are iodine-bromine baths useful for?

Iodine-bromine baths for women

It is good for women to take healing baths in the complex of treatment or for the prevention of common ailments. In particular, it is known about the positive effect of the water procedure on the body in diseases of the mammary glands. For example, a huge number of women have been diagnosed with diffuse cystic mastopathy. With such a disease, such baths are especially suitable. Doctors consider it necessary to supplement the main treatment with special baths for gynecological inflammatory and non-inflammatory pathologies. Taking baths helps to reduce the negative impact on the body of an excess of estrogen. Such therapy is relevant for adenomyosis, menopause, endometriosis, myoma.

Iodine-bromine baths for general strengthening of the body

Water procedures accelerate the treatment of diseases of the respiratory system, help restore the proper functioning of the circulatory system. Baths have a beneficial effect on the body with damage to the kidneys and urinary tract, malfunctions of the digestive system. With iodine-bromine procedures, periodontal diseases and other dental troubles pass faster. The human body can successfully regenerate with inflammatory and degenerative changes in bones, joints, muscles. For example, the procedure is indicated for rheumatoid arthritis.

Iodine-bromine baths can be prescribed if it is revealed that certain disorders in the body are caused by improper metabolism. The procedure helps with gout, underactive thyroid and obesity. Possible treatment skin diseases such as allergic dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema and neurodermatitis. Today, many people suffer from disorders of the nervous system, in this case, iodine-bromine salt also works well, which improves sleep, relieves irritability and reduces the unpleasant symptoms of polyneuropathy and Raynaud's syndrome.

Bath Precautions

Please note that the restorative water procedure is not suitable for everyone, there are many contraindications. In case of serious illnesses, it is necessary to obtain medical advice before starting a course of baths. For example, there is an individual intolerance to iodine-bromine salt. The procedure can be harmful for people with hives, during pregnancy, catastrophically weakened immunity, with hemorrhagic dermatitis, complex form thyrotoxicosis, estrogen deficiency in women, excessive activity of the thyroid gland, a small number of leukocytes in the blood and other health abnormalities.

How to take a course of baths with iodine-bromine salt?

Baths with pharmacy iodine-bromine salt

Now let's move on to the most interesting and tell you how to take iodine-bromine baths at home in such a way as to get only benefit and not harm your body. To prepare the solution, you need to purchase a special iodine-bromine salt. This is pharmacy remedy must be used strictly in accordance with the attached instructions, it describes in detail the indications, contraindications and method of using the remedy.

Homemade bath solution

As an alternative, you can use a mixture of your own preparation, consisting of a liter of water, to which potassium or sodium iodide is added (per liter of 100 grams) and potassium or sodium bromide (also per liter of 100 grams). So, for one session, only 100 milliliters of the prepared solution is taken for a whole standard bath of water. Also, the procedure will require an adequate amount sea ​​salt. First, a saline solution is prepared, then it is poured into a bath of water.

For example, your bath has a volume of 150 liters, it will require 2 kilograms of good sea salt, 25 grams of potassium bromide, 10 grams of sodium iodide. If desired, table salt, not sea salt, is used.

The process of taking an iodine-bromine bath

The optimum water temperature is 37 degrees Celsius. It is advisable to immerse the body in enriched water in such a way that the water level only reaches the chest. The procedure time is up to 10 minutes, in some cases, according to indications, it can be carried out in water for up to a quarter of an hour. After leaving the bath, you need to lightly wipe the body and spend up to half an hour in a warm bed. It is useful to do simple gymnastic elements in water. Full course consists of 10-20 procedures, depending on the state of health of a particular person.

According to reviews, after several baths, a mild sedative effect is felt, a state of peace prevails without irritability, and blood pressure normalizes. We have discussed key features iodine-bromine baths, it remains to try this wonderful procedure for yourself. If suddenly you feel bad after the water procedure, you need to get medical advice as soon as possible.

Iodine-bromine mineral waters are mineral waters containing at least 5 mg/l of iodine and at least 25 mg/l of bromine. Most often, iodine and bromine are present in. Depending on the predominance of iodides or bromides, these waters can be iodine-bromide, bromine-iodide, bromide or iodide. In the literature on balneology, the terms bromine, iodine, iodine-bromine and bromine-iodine waters are more often used. considers the use of these terms erroneous. As already mentioned in the section, a real breakthrough in the study of mineral waters began after revolutionary discoveries in chemistry, which are mainly associated with the name of A. Lavoisier, who presented the first chemical nomenclature in 1789, later called the chemical revolution.

Bromine was discovered in 1825 by the French chemist A.Zh. Balar; The name of the new element comes from the Greek word - bromos- offensive. When dissolved in water, bromine (halogen) partially reacts with it to form hydrobromic acid and unstable hypobromous acid

A solution of bromine in water that has an unpleasant odor is called bromine water.

In nature, bromine is present in the form of ions that travel with groundwater. Bromide salts of sodium, potassium, magnesium are found in deposits of chloride salts, in potassium salts - sylvite and carnallite.

Iodine, a halogen like bromine, is poorly soluble in water, but readily soluble in saline solutions to form iodides. In nature, iodine occurs in the form of salts ( iodides and iodates) and in the composition of sea salt, mainly in the form sodium iodide and magnesium iodide. Due to good solubility in water bromide and iodide salts accumulate in sea water, brine of salt lakes and underground brines.

From the history of resorts on the waters containing iodine and bromine and the treatment of thyroid diseases with seafood

The wound-healing and soothing properties of iodine-bromine waters were used empirically by people long before they learned how to determine chemical composition water. An example of this are the thermal bromine-iodine waters of Abano Terme and Montegrotto Terme, known since the time of the first settlements in the Venetian lands. In 1365, the poet and philosopher Francesco Petrarch was cured of in the baths of Abano. The most popular resort in Europe on iodine-containing waters, Bad Hall in Austria, was founded in 777 on the sources, the miraculous power of which was discovered by the Bavarian Duke Tassilo. In the 13th century, Marco Polo, in his memoirs of a trip to China, writes about special waters flowing out of the ground in areas where the inhabitants did not have this disease.

The main reservoir of iodine and bromine is the World Ocean (1 liter of sea water contains on average 50 micrograms of iodine and 65 mg of bromine).

Historical parallels: iodine

Long before the discovery of the chemical element iodine in 1811 by the French technologist B. Courtois, iodine-containing marine products were used for treatment in different countries. Pliny the Elder in his Natural History mentions the use of the ashes of a burnt sponge for the treatment of internal diseases. These ashes were sprinkled on the wounds so that they would not fester. Mixing the ashes with milk, they prepared a medicinal drink, which was given to the patient 3 times a day. medicinal properties sponges received an explanation much later: it turned out that it had a high percentage of iodine. In Europe for healing properties seaweed for goiter was indicated by Hippocrates, but the same recommendations were given long before that in the Chinese Code, written in 1567 BC. It is interesting that these problems worried not only doctors. Napoleon, choosing soldiers for his army, examined the neck of applicants, especially those who grew up in mountainous areas where goiter patients are often found.

Iodine was first received in early XIX in. French pharmacist and chemist Bernard Courtois while burning seaweed. The history of science traditionally presents some discoveries as "accidents". It is difficult to say how true such stories are. One of them tells about B. Courtois, who leaned over the laboratory table with a cat on his shoulder. Suddenly jumping on the table, the cat knocked over the bottles of seaweed infusion, sulfuric acid and iron. When the liquids were mixed, the chemist saw first thick purple vapors, and then settled crystals of iodine.

Iodine is a trace element without which life is impossible. The main source of iodine on the planet is sea water, containing about 50 micrograms of iodine in 1 liter of water. First explorer useful properties iodine Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac called it "Ioeydes", which in Greek means "violet", and iodine has firmly taken one of the first places among pharmacopoeial preparations. "Since it was proposed by Coindet in France and Formey in Germany for goiter, and proved to be effective in some conditions, it has been used in all pathological processes." (Munch. Med. Woch., 1910, no. 47). This was resolutely opposed by many clinicians who observed how, under the influence of iodine treatment in unreasonably high doses, severe functional disorders developed, and iodine-bromine waters for a long time were considered conditionally specific due to the insignificant content of active elements iodine and bromine in them from the point of view of pharmacology and pharmacodynamics.

In 1820, Jean-Francois Conde, a Genevan physician, provided evidence of a relationship between low iodine content in drinking water and goiter. However, at that time it was believed that 42 causes of the disease could cause the disease - iodine deficiency did not appear on this list. In 1896, Bauman discovered a surprisingly large amount of iodine in the tissue of the thyroid gland and found that this specific trace element is concentrated in this organ. The theory of iodine deficiency was confirmed by the effectiveness of iodine prophylaxis, which began in 1920 in the Alps, and later became widespread throughout the world.

Historical Parallels: Bromine

Bromine discovered in 1825 by the French chemist A.Zh. Balar in the study of brines of the Mediterranean salt mines; Named from the Greek bromos, foul-smelling. When dissolved in water, bromine partially reacts with it to form hydrobromic acid and unstable hypobromous acid. A solution of bromine in water that has an unpleasant odor is called bromine water.

In nature, bromine is present mainly in the form of ions that travel with groundwater. Bromide salts of sodium, potassium, magnesium are found in deposits of chloride salts, in potassium salts - sylvin and carnallite, largely causing the sedative effect of spleotherapy in halite (salt), sylvinite and karst caves, as well as in halo and spleen chambers. Due to good solubility in water, bromine salts accumulate in sea water (0.065%), brine of salt lakes (up to 0.2%) and underground brines, usually associated with salt and oil deposits (up to 0.1%). The sea is the main supplier of bromine. About 4 million tons of bromine pass into the air annually together with sea water, and the content of this element in the air of coastal regions is always higher than in continental regions.

Bromine preparations have been used in medicine for over 140 years. Statements of I.P. Pavlov that "... mankind should be happy that it has such a precious drug for the nervous system as bromine" has not lost its significance today. The use of potassium and sodium bromide, known at that time under common name Bromine, as a sedative (sedative) and anticonvulsant in the treatment of epilepsy, began in 1857.

The effectiveness of this drug is evidenced by the novels of classical literature of the 19th century, the heroes of which took bromine preparations "to calm the nerves", as well as the work of modern physicists from the National University of Mexico. They found a distribution of brightness in Van Gogh's paintings that corresponds to the mathematical description of a turbulent flow. According to Mexican physicists, Van Gogh had a unique ability to see and capture turbulence, and this happened to him precisely during periods of mental disorder. However, the artist has paintings where “traces of turbulence” are invisible, for example “Self-portrait with a pipe and a bandaged ear” (1888), which Van Gogh painted while under the influence of bromine drugs in a state, as he himself characterized it, “complete rest”.

For a long time, the mechanism of action of bromine preparations remained unknown, it was believed that bromides reduce excitability, acting similarly to sleeping pills. Only in 1910, one of the students of I.P. Pavlova P.M. Nikiforovsky experimentally showed that bromides enhance the processes of inhibition in the central nervous system. The manifestation of the action of bromine on the central nervous system is associated with its ability to displace chlorine and accumulate in the lipid part of the membranes of brain cells, while activating membrane enzymes. Little is known about metabolism and physiological action bromine. It has been established that bromine has an effect on the endocrine glands - the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, adrenal glands. It is also a competitor of iodine, inhibiting the uptake of iodine by the thyroid gland. In addition, it was found that bromides inhibit basal metabolism, lower blood sugar levels, have anticoagulant properties, cause anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia in case of overdose.

From the history of resorts on waters containing iodine and bromine

Despite the fact that people have empirically used the soothing and wound-healing properties of iodine-bromine waters from time immemorial, most of the resorts built on the sources of iodine-bromine waters appeared on the world map in the era of technological progress, when intensive oil exploration began. Thanks to the works of A.D. Potylitsin, it was proved that these waters are quite significantly mineralized (from 20 to 40 g/l). The main component is sodium chloride, but of particular interest is the presence of sodium bromide and iodide in these waters. The main reservoir of iodine and bromine is the World Ocean (1 liter of sea water contains on average 50 micrograms of iodine and 65 mg of bromine). Iodine-bromine waters, typical for areas of oil deposits, sometimes contain over 100 mg/l of iodine, and 300-400 mg/l of bromine.

On the territory, the search for iodine-containing waters, which began during the First World War, was supposed to satisfy the needs not of balneology, but of the pharmacopeia, since a large amount of iodine was required to treat wounds. The antiseptic properties of iodine in surgery were first used by the French doctor Buane, and in 1865 - 1866. the great Russian surgeon N.I. Pirogov used iodine tincture in the treatment of wounds. Waters with a high content of iodine have been found in places rich in oil: Turkestan, Dagestan, on the Caspian coast near Baku. But only two decades later, in 1931, in the Soviet Union, for the first time in the world, the production of iodine from oil drilling waters was set up in Nefte-Chala. Shortly before the war, a new iodine-bromine defense industry was created in the USSR on the basis of oil drilling water, thanks to which our country was freed from imports of iodine and bromine. Iodine production was located where the oil rigs stood: on the Caspian coast, in Turkmenistan, Dagestan.

At present, in Russia, iodine is produced only at the Troitsk plant (Krymsk, Russia), where up to 100 tons per year are produced, which meets the needs of the domestic market by 10% -12% of iodine products. The largest deposits of iodine-bromine waters in the Tyumen region - Cherkashinskoye and Tobolskoye - are of industrial importance.

Since drilling waters were the main sources for the preparation of iodine and bromine preparations, it was natural not to extract their mineral waters, but to use native iodides and bromides for treatment. healing waters by building resorts near the springs.

The most famous sources of iodine-bromine waters

Deposits of iodine-bromine waters accompany the release of ( , ) naftalan deposits (Azerbaijan, Croatia). The Czech resort Darkov was built in 1867 on iodine-bromine springs that were discovered during coal mining. Most often they are found in oil exploration sites, when, during drilling, a fountain of healing, often thermal, iodine-bromine waters is obtained, on which resorts are built in Austria, Germany and in. So, in the process of drilling an exploration well on the southern outskirts of Khadyzhensk in 1953, no oil and gas deposits were found, but from a depth of 520 m a fountain of mineral water with a record high iodine content was obtained, which formed the basis of a modern resort. At the same time, the waters of the Georgievsk deposit in the Caucasus were discovered, which are used for balneotherapy in the Georgievsk municipal hydropathic clinic. Not so long ago, near Khanty-Mansiysk, in the neighboring oil-bearing underground layers, reserves of iodine-bromine mineral water were discovered. The four-star Wellness Hotel Yugorskaya Dolina was built on the sources of thermal waters.

Iodine-bromine waters are widely distributed in (mineral water basin, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kursk, Penza, Ryazan, Tambov regions), in the Volga region (Nizhny Novgorod region), (Kaliningrad region, Vologda Region), in the South (, Apsheronsk, Goryachiy Klyuch, Maykop, Sochi, Khadyzhensk), in the Urals (, Tavda, Turinsk) and in Siberia (Tobolskoye and Cherkashinskoye deposits of iodine-bromine waters, Novosibirsk region, Omsk). Sources of iodine and bromine waters are used in balnearies of large cities (Moscow - Russian Scientific Center for Balneology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Svetlana sanatorium; Krasnodar - Krasnodar balneary; Omsk - Omsk sanatorium.

Iodine-bromine waters of sodium chloride composition are most often of the brine type. The waters of the Ural resort are unique. Explored in 1951 at a depth of 1360 m, the waters of the underground Permian Sea have a mineralization of 263 g/l, bromine content - 720 mg/l, iodine - up to 12 mg/l.

A valuable variety of bromine waters is the Staraya Russa type of waters, with a bromine content in the amount of 25-120 mg / l, named after one of the oldest resorts in Russia - Staraya Russa in the Novgorod region. The record high content of bromine is 320–330 mg/l in the brine of the Orbita-2 RSC, brought to the surface by a well from a depth of 1030 m. —120 g/l, used for baths and swimming pools diluted with fresh water.

Less common are iodine-containing drinking waters. A typical representative of waters of medium mineralization is Talitskaya water in the Sverdlovsk region and rather rare iodine waters of low mineralization of the Khadyzhenskoye deposit in Krasnodar Territory. These waters are used for natural drinking cures as well as for industrial bottling.

Mechanism of therapeutic action of iodine-bromine waters

The penetration of iodine and bromine ions through the skin depends on mineral composition water, its temperature. One of the leading factors affecting the penetration of biologically active components of iodine-bromine mineral waters through human skin is sodium chloride.

Highly mineralized brine waters have a complex effect inherent in chloride sodium water, and iodine/brominated waters. The action continues even after taking a bath, as salt, crystallizing, leaves on the skin the thinnest salt shell (“salt cloak”).

Increasing the mineralization of water in the iodine-bromine bath from 6 g/l to 24 g/l doubles the deposition of iodine on the skin, and the movement of water can increase its deposition on the skin by 5 times. During the procedure (10 minutes), up to 140-190 micrograms of iodine and 0.28-0.3 mg of bromine enter the body through the skin, which selectively accumulate in the thyroid gland, pituitary gland, and hypothalamus. Iodine is an integral part of the thyroid hormone - thyroxine, and bromine is found in the tissues of the pituitary gland.

Due to the pharmacological properties of iodine and bromine, iodine-bromine waters affect the functional state of the central nervous system, circulatory organs, and the thyroid gland. Iodine-bromine baths with low mineralization increase the ability of the thyroid gland to concentrate and fix iodine ions, and baths with high mineralization have the opposite effect on the activity of the thyroid gland.

Iodine, as one of the main components of iodine-bromine baths, due to its physical and chemical properties, it can direct influence on microcirculation processes, elastic properties of the vascular wall, rheological properties of blood, lipid metabolism. Being included in the structure of thyroxine and triiodothyronine, iodine ions restore the basic metabolism in the body, stimulate protein synthesis and oxidation of carbohydrates and lipids. Accumulating in the focus of inflammation in the lungs, iodine ions inhibit alteration and exudation, stimulate the processes of reparative regeneration (structure the collagen and elastic fibers of the connective tissue).

The physiological significance of bromine It has a direct effect on the central nervous system. The therapeutic effect of bromine is based on enhancing the processes of inhibition in the cerebral cortex, restoring the ratio of excitatory and inhibitory processes. Once in the bloodstream, bromine causes a decrease in muscle tone, blood pressure, a decrease in heart rate, and, as Van Gogh wrote, leads to a state of complete rest.

In diseases, iodine-bromine baths increase the fibrinolytic activity of the blood inhibited in atherosclerosis, lower its coagulation properties and platelet aggregation, which leads to the normalization of coagulation homeostasis. The lipotropic effect of iodine-bromine baths is more pronounced in contrast to chloride and fresh ones. There is an improvement in the morphofunctional state of the myocardium and a decrease in the morphological signs of atherosclerosis in the vessels, which indicates a specific inhibitory effect of iodine and bromine on the signs of atherosclerosis. Iodine-bromine baths have a vasodilating, diuretic and hypotensive effect. The use of iodine-bromine baths is accompanied by an improvement in general well-being, the disappearance of headaches, insomnia, and pain in the heart area.

By its influence on iodine and bromine restore the normal cortical-subcortical ratio. In the Sochi Research Center for Balneology and Rehabilitation of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, methods have been developed for the use of iodine-bromine waters in the treatment of patients with neurasthenia and the rehabilitation of persons with borderline neuropsychiatric disorders. Ultrasonic inhalations of iodine-bromine mineral water provide a therapeutic effect at ultra-low doses.

Anti-inflammatory effect of iodine-bromine baths due to the pronounced tropism of iodine to ligaments, bone and cartilage tissue, and their influence on hemodynamics, which is manifested by vasodilation, active redistribution of blood and regulation of local blood circulation. Iodine-bromine baths, increasing blood circulation and changing the function of the endocrine glands, reduce autoimmune disorders.

The effect of iodine-bromine baths on due to the improvement of renal blood flow, the functional state of the kidneys, the normalization of metabolic processes in the kidneys, which leads to a decrease in the activity of the inflammatory process. The therapeutic effect in kidney diseases is also due to the vasodilating and diuretic effect of iodine-bromine baths.

Unique eye electrophoresis technique with mineral iodine-containing water when developed at the Paracelsus Institute (Bad Hall, Austria) .

When treating in the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of iodine-bromine baths and irrigation an important role belongs to the anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, analgesic, improving the function of the pituitary gland and ovaries. Research recent years(Pyatigorsk State Research Institute of Balneology) testify to the positive effect of iodine-bromine waters (baths, gynecological irrigation) in patients with adenomyosis.

In the department "Marriage and Family", Anapa, for the treatment of patients with gynecological diseases against the background of hyperestrogenism (adeomyosis), th bromine waters of the Tsibanobalka deposit (mineral water"Sindic"). Mineralization from 35 to 85 g/l, iodine from 30 to 70 mg/l, bromine from 150 to 190 mg/l, boron 50 mg/l.

Hydromassage with iodine-bromine water for periodontal diseases apply. For the procedure, the mineral water of the Tsybanobalsky deposit is diluted with sea water. During hydromassage of gums with iodine-bromine water, iodine and bromine, absorbed through the mucous membrane, stimulate microcirculation and metabolic processes, causing active tissue hyperemia, increased repair processes, and anti-inflammatory effect.

In the Tomsk Research Institute of Balneology, studies of the effectiveness of the treatment of dental diseases formed the basis of the preparation "PO-KUR", which is a complex of biologically active inorganic components of mineral iodine-bromine water applied to hydrophilic pads. It is used as an option for external use of water. It has a pronounced analgesic, anti-inflammatory, resolving effect.

Artificial iodine-bromine baths

Many resorts and rehabilitation centers will use artificial iodine-bromine water. For the preparation of artificial iodine-bromine baths, the composition of the Khadyzhensky spring is taken as the basis - these are the recommendations of the Central Research Institute of Balneology and Physiotherapy Moscow. Khadyzhenskaya iodine-bromine water, having a total mineralization of 12.5 g/l, iodine content - 40 mg g/l, bromine - 87 mg/l (iodine-bromine water: iodine is not less than 5 mg/l, and bromine is not less than 25 mg/l) .

Against the background of hypoestrogenism

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Physiotherapy is used as an additional method in the treatment of various diseases. Is no exception and uterine fibroids. With it, very few types of physiotherapy are allowed. But iodine-bromine baths with myoma have a positive effect on the patient's body. For this reason, they are often prescribed by doctors.

Peculiarities

Iodine-bromine baths are a physiotherapeutic procedure that increases the susceptibility of tissues to treatment. It also has other positive effects. It consists in taking baths in water in which bromine and iodine are dissolved. Useful substances are absorbed by the skin, carried by the blood and lymph.

The peculiarity of the baths is that the active substance is not immediately excreted from the liver. This results in a prolonged action.

Baths are divided into two types - artificial and natural. Artificial ones can be prepared independently at home. Under the natural are understood reservoirs, the water of which is enriched with the same combination of nutrients. In Russia, there are such reservoirs in the Penza, Ryazan, Vladimir, Kursk regions and other regions.

Benefit

The benefits of this method of physiotherapy are as follows:

1. Strengthening metabolic processes in the body;
2. Improvement of blood microcirculation;
3. Activation of biochemical processes in the body;
4. Increased vascular tone;
5. Alignment of pulse and heart rate;
6. Normalization of pressure;
7. Tones muscles;
8. Reduces excitability, relieves depression, relaxes the nervous system;
9. Increased production of iodine by the thyroid gland;
10. Pronounced bactericidal action;
11. Fight against inflammatory processes.

The drug has a positive effect on the endocrine system. Normalizes the production of hormones. Improves the function of the gonads.

Iodine-bromine baths and fibroids

Baths for fibroids are often prescribed by specialists. They are an auxiliary method in a conservative approach to treatment. It is believed that this method does not allow the development of inflammation. It is also able to normalize the level of hormones in the body. Although baths cannot cope with the disease on their own, they nevertheless have the following positive effects:

1. Normalize the work of the endocrine system;
2. Normalizes metabolism;
3. Normalizes the work of the ovaries;
4. Promotes tumor resorption.

Among other things, the tool does not allow the development of pathological processes, inflammation.

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