Physiological and therapeutic effect of narzan baths. Mineral water "Narzan": useful properties, indications and contraindications for use

Distinctive feature Kislovodsk is protected by mountains from cold winds. The fact is that the mountains surrounding Kislovodsk from all sides reach 1600 meters above sea level, and the cold air can only rise up to 900 meters. This creates a special microclimate, which, in combination with low atmospheric pressure, becomes an effective healing factor.

However, the main remedy Kislovodsk had and remains mineral waters, which made the city the most famous balneological resort in Russia. It got its name just because of its "sour" waters. And the name of the source "Narzan" has Kabardian roots. According to an old legend, once near the water source of the Narts - “nart-sane”, which meant “bogatyr-water”, there was a pillar, and the inscription was carved: “Traveler, stop and bow. The spring water gives strength to the young, restores health to the elderly and beauty and love to women.”

Source discovery and development

Narzan was first mentioned in historical chronicles in the 18th century. This was due to the fact that Peter the Great visited Karlsbad on mineral waters, and was very impressed with the scale of their use for the treatment of various diseases. Returning to Russia, the sovereign immediately ordered to begin work to search for such sources in Russia. In 1717, for this purpose, the life doctor of Peter the Great was sent to the Caucasus, who soon wrote the following in reports to the tsar: “There is also a fair sour spring in the Circassian land.”

The Kislovodsk narzan was first described in 1793 by J. Reinegs, later the source was studied in more detail by Pallas, Batalin, Nelyubin and other scientists. Pallas wrote about him in 1798: "Just scooped water emits from itself with a hiss, like the best champagne wine, a large number of air bubbles... She pinches her tongue, hits her nose and, finally, becomes completely light. This water hisses with all the wines. You can drink it as much as you want without disgust and harm.

Throughout the 19th century, active work was carried out to develop the source and improve the territory adjacent to it. The resort city of Kislovodsk began its history in 1803, and the fame of medicinal water Caucasian lands quickly spread beyond Russia. And in 1902, at an international exhibition in France, Narzan received the highest award.

Origin of Narzan

Before reaching the surface, the narzan passes a very long and hard way. It begins at the foot of Elbrus, where melting glaciers with pure water flow down from the mountains in streams and soak into the ground. There, water passes through many natural filters, and is saturated with minerals, salts and various trace elements, as well as carbon dioxide. Purified and enriched water accumulates in underground lakes, and then comes to the surface in the form of narzan springs. From the foothills of Elbrus to springs spouting from the ground, water travels about a hundred kilometers, and this process takes, on average, six years.

Types of Narzans

Until 1928, only one source of narzan was known. However, in the process of its development and further exploration of the area, on the territory later called the Kislovodsk Narzan deposit, other sources of mineral waters were discovered, both in Kislovodsk itself and in the valleys of the Podkumok, Olkhovka and Berezovka rivers. The first of them is located eight kilometers from the city, the other two are on the outskirts. All Kislovodsk narzans are similar in composition and belong to the group of carbonic waters. The main differences are in the degree of their mineralization and the ratio of ions, which makes it possible to distribute all narzan waters into three groups.

1 group. General narzan. This group includes water from sites near the rivers Berezovka and Podkumok. Common narzan is mined at a depth of ten to fifteen meters underground and is characterized by low mineralization (up to 2 g / l) and a low carbon dioxide content of 1.2-1.4 g / l). The water temperature is 12 degrees. It is used for medicinal purposes, mainly for external procedures, to a lesser extent - for drinking.

2 group. Dolmit Narzan. It differs from the general narzan high content carbon dioxide (2 g/l) and higher salinity (up to 5 g/l), including due to the high content of sodium and chlorine ions. The water temperature is 15-17 degrees. It is mined at a depth of one hundred to one hundred and fifty meters, and is used mainly for drinking treatment. It improves metabolism and accelerates the removal of toxins from the body. Dolmite water is brought to the pump-rooms of the Narzan gallery and the Round pump-room.

3rd group. Sulfate narzan. These mineral waters have the highest mineralization (5.2-6.7 g/l), due to the content of magnesium and sodium sulfates in them, and high level carbon dioxide, as well as the presence of active iron (up to 15 mg / l). Also important is the presence a small amount arsenic in water. This type narzan is mined at a depth of three hundred and fifty - four hundred meters and has the most pronounced therapeutic effect. It increases the secretion of the stomach, promotes better absorption of food, regulates bowel function, reduces bloating, and also has a choleretic effect. The water of the dolmit narzan is brought to the right wing of the Narzan gallery.

An important role in the further development of the resort was played by the laying of a mineral pipeline, through which water flows to Kislovodsk from the Kuma deposit, located 43 kilometers from the city, in the village of Krasny Vostok. These mineral waters are cold, ferruginous, with a low content of carbon dioxide (1.5 g/l). They are used for drinking purposes, and when mixed with Kislovodsk narzan - for medicinal purposes. The total amount of mineral water coming from the Kuma deposit was 3767 ml/day.

Healing properties of narzan:

• helps to reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood, removes toxins from the body;
• normalizes metabolism;
• normalizes the work of the gastrointestinal tract;
• treats diseases of the liver and gallbladder;
• prevents the production of gastric juice and dulls the feeling of hunger if you drink warm narzan an hour before meals;
• increases the secretion of the stomach, if an hour before a meal you drink a glass of cold narzan;
• improves immunity, restores the nervous system;
• normalizes blood pressure;
• used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus;
• helps with insomnia.

Kislovodsk narzan contains a number of elements necessary for the body, such as magnesium, calcium, bromine, fluorine, chromium, lithium, iodine, sulfur and other substances that are optimally balanced with each other.

Each type of narzan has its own special healing properties. For example, high calcium narzan is very beneficial for bones, teeth, nails, and hair. Therefore, it is recommended for children and pregnant women, since during this period calcium is washed out of the woman's body especially strongly. Narzan with a high content of magnesium improves memory, relieves stress and has a sedative effect. The use of narzan as a drink, taking baths with mineral water, and just washing improves the condition of the skin, since the active elements contained in narzan start regeneration processes in upper layers epithelium.

Indications for the use of narzan waters:

• diseases of the cardiovascular system (ischemic heart disease, stage 1-2 hypertension, myocarditis, cardiopathy, heart valve prosthetics (after 3-4 months), rheumatism, chronic varicose insufficiency, residual effects after phlebitis);
• diseases digestive system(chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer not in the acute stage, chronic colitis, enterocolitis, chronic hepatitis and pancreatitis of various etiologies in remission);
• respiratory diseases (bronchial asthma and other nonspecific respiratory diseases);
• urological diseases (chronic cystitis, chronic prostatitis, impotence);
• gynecological diseases (endometritis, parametritis, ovarian dysfunction, pelvic adhesions of the peritoneum, infertility caused by inflammatory processes, menopausal syndrome);
• diseases nervous system(impaired cerebral circulation (after 4-6 months), neuritis, polyneuritis, spinal osteochondrosis with radicular syndrome, diseases of the autonomic nervous system);
• ENT diseases (chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, sinusitis).

Contraindications to the use of Narzan:

• any disease in the acute stage;
• malignant neoplasms;
• pregnancy from the fifth month;
• frequent or heavy bleeding;
• mental illness;
• bronchial asthma with frequent attacks and lung abscesses;
• any form of active tuberculosis;
• coronary insufficiency, circulatory failure above the 1st degree, myocardial infarction in the past, recurrent thrombophlebitis;
• ulcerative enterocolitis, severe cirrhosis of the liver, metabolic disorders, frequent attacks with cholecystitis, penetrating ulcer;
• kidney disease, urolithiasis requiring surgery;
• diseases of the nervous system with paralysis, pronounced sclerosis of cerebral vessels, severe neurosis, psychopathy;
• severe damage to bones and joints;
• various fungal diseases, Duhring's disease.

Properly selected treatment, diet, optimism, lack of stressful situations and bad habits, clean mountain air - all these factors also affect the effectiveness of treatment various diseases and are the key to a positive result.

Narzan is a mineral carbonic water with medicinal properties, which has invaluable benefits for humans. If you have a frequent increase or decrease in pressure, irritability, there is a violation in the work of the cardiovascular system, then narzan baths will help to normalize your health. Nowadays, the reception of such baths is offered in the sanatorium of the village of Peredelkino, which is not far from Moscow.

Why Narzan is useful?

Carbon dioxide in the bath "sticks" to the skin of a person, then enters the bloodstream through it and then spreads through the bloodstream throughout the body. If such an effect is not permanent, then the recovery processes are activated, the blood supply normalizes, comes into tone skeletal muscle, work of kidneys is adjusted.

After taking narzan baths, the physical condition of the body improves, peace of mind. A person may begin to feel calmer, he may even have a desire to sleep soundly.

In addition, this procedure also inhalates the respiratory system and normalizes breathing.

Session Rules

Narzan baths are not shown to all people. Therefore, the appointment is given by the doctor. Their duration ranges from 10 minutes to half an hour and is set in each case individually, taking into account well-being. The water temperature when taking procedures is 32-36°C.

At the same time, it is important to observe a few simple rules:

* after immersion in the bath, the patient must sit still;
* before taking baths one hour before you need to refuse to eat. The same requirement after the session.
* an hour before and after baths, give up any physical activity;
* It is not allowed to touch the bubbles with your hands.

The full therapeutic effect of the procedure occurs after 6-12 baths taken every other day.

Indications for narzan baths

Thanks to baths with Narzan, you can overcome such diseases:

* pain in the joints;
* capillary mesh, varicose veins;
* cardiovascular diseases;
* metabolic imbalance;
* violations in the work of the musculoskeletal system;
* diabetes at the onset of the disease;
* indigestion (reflux, colitis, gastritis);
* insomnia.

After taking a course of carbon dioxide bathing, you can increase your immunity, restore the tone of the body.

Precautionary measures

Narzan baths are contraindicated in:

* open wounds;
* infectious and fungal diseases;
* tuberculosis;
* cancers;
* heart attacks and strokes;
* cirrhosis of the liver;
* thrombosis.

Sessions of carbon dioxide bathing are prohibited after operations and during exacerbations of chronic diseases.

When taking narzan baths, mud baths will have to be postponed for several days.

The world-famous resort of Kislovodsk gained popularity solely thanks to the narzan. People suffering from vascular and cardiac ailments flock to Kislovodsk sanatoriums in the hope that Narzan will finally help them get rid of significant health problems.

Narzan baths: effect

Narzan baths really do not deceive the expectations of vacationers, provided that this particular type of treatment is indicated for a certain vascular or heart disease. Baths are used not only to treat existing problems, but also as preventive measures.

The first results are noticeable after a few single baths. Narzan baths are capable of producing significant changes in the body of a sick person and have a beneficial effect on the endocrine, nervous system and, of course, the cardiovascular system.

Narzan baths: benefits

Narzan contains carbon dioxide, radioactive emanations and a number of mineral salts. The skin, in contact with gases, actively absorbs them, therefore, the carbon dioxide contained in narzan enters directly into the blood, producing healing changes.

It freely penetrates into the bloodstream, activating cardiac activity and normalizing breathing. The capillaries of the skin and lungs expand, and the blood saturated with carbon dioxide actively moves through the small, and further, through the large circles of blood circulation, unloading the vessels from stagnant blood, improving the nutrition of literally every cell in the body.

Taking narzan baths feels light, quite pleasant tingling, accompanied by a feeling of warmth. The skin turns red and covered with droplets resembling beads. A bath lasting from 10 to 12 minutes can significantly improve a person's well-being. When taking a bath, the heart muscle is unloaded, pulmonary and cellular respiration improves, the condition of the joints improves, and neuralgic problems disappear.

In general, a course of 14 baths is recommended, which are taken immediately after a light breakfast. Treatment should last an average of 3 weeks, but the number of baths and their frequency will be prescribed by the doctor. The effect of the baths is quite persistent: up to six months. For best results, the treatment course should be repeated twice a year. A stable result is observed already after 2 weeks after the completion of the procedures, however, if there is no improvement, it is likely that there are significant problems in the body that have accumulated on the current ones, which makes it difficult to notice the effect. However, it will still appear after 3 weeks.

Meanwhile, the building of the Main Narzan baths has more than a century of history. The complex was erected for the 100th anniversary of the Kislovodsk resort: in 1803, Emperor Alexander I declared Kislovodsk a healing area by a special decree. The building erected a century later, no doubt, would not have upset the monarch himself: the complex of the Main Narzan baths amazed visitors with Indian color, bizarre turrets and openwork stucco. Oriental elements of decor gave the ensemble lightness and airiness, playfully emphasizing the resort character of the city and its inherent freedom.

The resort theme was played up not by chance - during the period of the appearance of the building of the Main Narzan baths, Kislovodsk gained incredible popularity. To late XIX century, the resort was one of the most visited places by the Russian aristocracy. Many factors contributed to this. The first and main of them are unique natural conditions: to the purest mountain air and warm weather (number of sunny days in Kislovodsk is about three hundred per year), numerous underground sources of mineral waters have been added. Kislovodsk narzans contain copper, iron, manganese, silver, iodine, bromine, radon, as well as phosphoric and boric acid; this composition is very rare and provides mineral waters with high medicinal properties. Resorts of the Caucasus specialized in the treatment of cardiological diseases, disorders of the nervous system, metabolic disorders and the functioning of the digestive system.

Also, the popularization of the resort in the late XIX - early XX century was facilitated by the developed in 1885 by the German doctor M.I. Ertel method of treatment with terrenkur - dosed ascents along marked routes. In the advanced resort, the novelty was immediately taken into development. In 1901, local doctor N.N. Oblonsky laid the first health path route along Mount Tupy, and after scientific study it became widely used in all resorts. This method is also very useful for the heart, blood vessels and the digestive system.

By the end of the 19th century, the construction of two lines of communication between Moscow and Kislovodsk was completed at once: a highway and a railway line. Of course, this contributed to an increase in the influx of patients. In addition, fashion also had its influence: going to the resort "on the train" in those days was considered incredibly prestigious. And only wealthy people could afford this - a one-way ticket to Kislovodsk for one person in modern money cost about 30,000 rubles.

By the end of the 19th century, the number of vacationers in Kislovodsk, compared with the beginning of the century, had almost tripled. In addition, the public began to understand various methods hydrotherapy and demand the most progressive, improved forms of it. There was an urgent need for a new building equipped with the most modern equipment for narzan baths.

A place was chosen for the complex on the former Poplar Alley (now Kurortny Boulevard), since there was a small narzan lake there. The project of future baths was entrusted to civil engineer A.N. Klepinin. He decided that in terms of spirit and architecture, a large two-story building would be ideal for Kislovodsk, the lower floor of which would be intended for narzan baths and pools, and the upper one for hydrotherapeutic procedures. There were supposed to accommodate massage rooms, saunas, insipid showers. various types and a special massage bath "wellenbad", in which special hole flow in the wall hot water. Moreover, Klepinin thought out the location of the baths in such a way that the narzan would flow into a special tank of the engine room on its own - due to the fact that the building was located just below the level of the main source. The construction of the complex according to the Klepinin project began in 1901 and lasted four years - until January 1905. The complex cost the state 393 thousand royal rubles, which would now amount to a little more than 400 million rubles.

For the design engineer, this building, apparently, became main job in his life. Six years after the grand opening of the complex, Klepinin turned to the director of the CMV with a personal request to add a marble plaque to the facade of the building with the inscription: “Designed and built by engineer A.N. Klepinin. 1901-1903". The wish was fulfilled, and this tablet informs residents and guests of Kislovodsk about the creator of narzan baths to this day, and the building designed by him received the status of an architectural monument of federal significance.

It is worth noting that in the time of Klepinin the complex had a different name - it was known not as “main”, but as “ carbonic baths narzan". The building received its solemn name in Soviet time. The party leadership not only decided to continue Russian tradition rest and treatment in Kislovodsk, but to make the resort even more popular and crowded. The building of the complex was reconstructed, the number of baths increased significantly. After that, the name also changed - the baths officially acquired the status of "main". The elite was sent here for treatment Soviet Union- Academicians, scientists, writers. So, in 1935, Samuil Marshak tried to improve his health with the help of narzan baths in Kislovodsk. "I feel better. Started writing. I am currently translating English poetry, but I’m thinking of writing a children’s book called Nedralitet, the poet wrote from there to his son.

During the years of the Great Patriotic War development of the city as a resort stopped. Almost all sanatoriums were converted into hospitals, local residents worked as orderlies, nurses and military doctors. Their work was not in vain - after the victory, the city of Kislovodsk was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree for selfless work on the treatment and restoration of the health of soldiers.

Kislovodsk literary

For many residents of Russia, the very word "Kislovodsk" evokes extremely romantic and literary associations - mountains, duels, walks, young ladies in dresses and with sun umbrellas. The image, on the one hand, is far-fetched, and on the other hand, to some extent justified: in terms of the number of famous guest writers, only Moscow and St. Petersburg can compete with the resorts of Kislovodsk. AT different times people have visited here, without whom it is impossible to imagine Russian culture. Lermontov, Pushkin, Chekhov, Leo Tolstoy mentioned Kislovodsk in their works and diaries, and Solzhenitsyn is a native of this city.

But still greatest place Kislovodsk occupied Lermontov's work, and it is this poet that everyone who comes to these places immediately remembers. Lermontov visited the Caucasus for the first time as a boy of ten years old - he came for treatment with his grandmother - and fell in love with his peers. Since then, the Caucasus and romance have been inseparable for the poet. “The mountains of the Caucasus are sacred to me,” wrote Lermontov. He returned here, however, only 14 years later, in 1838 as part of the Life Guards of His Majesty's Hussar Regiment. This was the poet's second visit to the Caucasus; the third, and last, began two years later, and the reason for it was extremely dramatic - exile due to a duel, by the personal decision of the king. Impressions from his stay in the Caucasus became the basis for many of Lermontov's works; among them are Demon, Mtsyri and, of course, Hero of Our Time.

Pushkin visited Kislovodsk twice - in 1820 together with the family of General Nikolai Nikolaevich Raevsky (the poet lived in the Kislovodsk fortress) - and in 1829. These were his only two trips to the Caucasus. During his stay in Kislovodsk, Pushkin even visited mineral baths - however, the complex of the Main Narzan baths did not exist then, and the poet used the Ermolovsky ones.

Leo Tolstoy visited the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody in the summer of 1852 and 1853. However most the then future great writer spent time in Pyatigorsk; he went to Kislovodsk on a study visit.

Chekhov first came to the Caucasus in 1888 and was stunned. “There are many impressions. If I lived in the Caucasus, I would write fairy tales there. Amazing country! he wrote in his diary. True, the writer urged his friends to avoid resort towns "like Kislovodsk." But at the same time, it was Kislovodsk, according to legend, that inspired Chekhov to write one of his most famous works. In 1896, the writer's notebook stated: "I arrived in Kislovodsk on August 24." And right under this note is the phrase: "Lady with a pug."

The practice of using narzan baths is widespread today, so the real impact of procedures of this kind can be assessed in many sanatoriums. The process of taking such baths looks quite simple. The procedure boils down to the fact that the patient takes a bath of mineral water saturated with carbon dioxide. But how great is the effect of this method of influencing the body and the organism as a whole? Understanding this will be incredibly useful and instructive.

Characteristic features of bathtubs

It will be possible to name the most characteristic indications and contraindications for performing such a procedure only on the condition that its mechanism is well understood. It is not difficult to explain it, since the baths themselves are a common and somewhat elementary method. Although the procedures show a variety of effects, the process of taking them is extremely simple. Its most important aspects are as follows.

1. The main "equipment" used in this case is a bath filled with mineral water with a high content of carbon dioxide.
2. The time spent in such a bath may be different. Usually it is from 10 minutes to half an hour. This is enough for carbon dioxide to be absorbed through the skin and act, among other things, on internal organs. The period that the patient has to spend in the bath is determined by the concentration of carbon dioxide in the water, the volume of the liquid, its pressure, and so on.
3. It is necessary to take a bath at intervals a day for one to two weeks. In total, 8-12 sessions can be completed during this time.

As you can see, this technology does not involve any complex actions from the patient or the staff of the sanatorium. But to whom such procedures can be shown? Without an accurate idea of ​​the indications for such a treatment method, it is impossible to say exactly how effective it will be.

Indications for taking baths

There are many situations in which baths can have a positive effect. Even for those people who do not experience any health problems, such procedures are useful. But still, the possibilities of baths with mineral water are best revealed with such indications.

1. Violations in the work of the heart and blood vessels. We are talking about almost any pathology associated with this organ system. Help with hyper- and hypotension, arrhythmia, ischemia. These are just the main diseases that can become an indication for this method of treatment.
2. Pathologies of the nervous system of a different nature. In neurological practice, they are also effectively used. They can be useful, for example, in neuroses. But this does not mean that they can be prescribed for mental disorders.
3. Difficulties with metabolic processes. The ability to stabilize metabolism is also guaranteed.
4. Skin diseases. You can not refer to the use of baths only in the presence of open abscesses or ulcers.
5. Lack of tone, general exhaustion. One course is enough to recover from a protracted illness or major surgery. Naturally, in this case, special care is needed, since quite dangerous contraindications can be found.

Get off procedures best result will succeed if they are performed correctly, and also if there are no factors interfering with the treatment. It is worth talking about them further. Since the baths themselves are quite effective, contraindications to them are also very diverse and dangerous.

Bath contraindications

The excellent therapeutic effect that can be obtained during the passage of such events is combined with certain risks. They are talked about when there are some contraindications to this method of treatment. The doctor should determine their presence or absence. Under contraindications understand.

1. Any infectious and inflammatory processes in the acute stage.
2. The presence of unhealed wounds or stitches after surgery.
3. Cirrhosis of the liver or other extensive lesions of this organ.
4. diagnosed neoplasms.
5. The presence of a heart attack, hypertensive crisis or stroke in history.
6. Tuberculosis in the acute stage.
7. Blood diseases and serious pathologies of circulatory processes.
8. Ulcers and extensive lesions of the skin.

It should be noted that these contraindications are only the main ones. In fact, narzan baths should not be taken in many other, less serious cases. Therefore, careful preparation is always required before the appointment of such a procedure. During it, the doctor finds out all the important aspects that affect the effectiveness. Only under the condition that there are no obstacles to the implementation of the procedure, you can start treatment. A responsible approach ensures that the result from the course of such bathrooms will be excellent.