How to make a cold smoked smokehouse with a smoke generator. We understand the structure and principle of operation of the smoke generator

Briefly about the design of a smoke generator for cold smoking

All store-bought products are noticeably inferior to their home-made counterparts. IN Lately The topic of smoking is becoming increasingly relevant. Smoked meat, lard, fish and other home-made products can never compare with store-bought goods. Homemade means it tastes many times better and certainly without any dubious harmful additives.

In order to master the art of smoking well, you need the appropriate equipment. Of course, you can buy everything in the store, but it costs a lot of money. It's better to do everything yourself. There is nothing difficult about this if you understand the issue well. Today we’ll talk about making smoke generators for smokehouses with our own hands.

Technology

Whatever the type of smoking (hot or cold), the source of smoke will always be a fire. Cold smoking involves cooling the food served in working chamber smoke. When smoking this way, the smoke should not be hotter than 40 degrees. The fire is usually lit 3-5 meters from the working chamber, then a smoke pipe is laid from the fire to the chamber. As the smoke passes through the pipe, it cools to the required temperature.

The installation of a chimney pipe is quite difficult and long process. It is necessary to create conditions for the smoke to cool, and this is not as simple as it may initially seem. Used as a chimney steel pipe(strictly without the presence of a galvanized layer on it). For better cooling, the pipe can be buried in the ground. The construction of a hot smoked smokehouse is simpler. A working chamber (an ordinary barrel) is placed above the fire, and, in principle, everything is ready.

A smoke generator significantly simplifies the process of cold smoking. Almost anyone can make it with their own hands. All you need is desire.

Materials for the smoke generator

In order to make a smoke generator with your own hands, we will need:

• Welding machine (any type).
• Bulgarian.
• Metal pipe(rounded or profiled).
• Metal sheet.
• ¾ inch pipe.
• ¼ inch pipe.
• Metal grid.
• Compressor and fittings for it.
• Reinforcement bars.

The materials are available and relatively inexpensive. If you have everything you need, then the process of making a smoke generator for smoking with your own hands will only take a couple of hours.

Household option

If you do not plan to smoke on an industrial scale, then you can opt for a simple model. It will be based on a metal pipe. The pipe will become the housing for your smoke generator for your smokehouse. With your own hands, you will subsequently fill the pipe with sawdust and shavings fruit trees(apple tree, pear tree, cherry tree, etc.).

Wood shavings will be set on fire from below, and the smoke from its combustion will rise upward (according to the laws of physics), and a special outlet will be welded to the top of the pipe into the smokehouse chamber. For increased smoke draft, a compressor (low power) should be connected to the upper part of the housing (pipe). Its productivity should be within 1-2 liters per minute. In fact, a compressor for a household aquarium or a working unit from an old conventional refrigerator will do. Of course, it is preferable to choose an aquarium compressor that has the ability to adjust the intensity of the smoke supply.

Slightly warm smoke should come out of this smoke generator. The fire should not be heated too hot; a small amount of smoke is enough. But you will master this point with experience. As it turns out, it’s not at all difficult to make a smoke generator for cold smoking with your own hands. Photos of examples of such homemade units you can find in the article.

Material requirements

The round pipe, which acts as a body, should have a diameter of 8-10 cm. If a profiled pipe is selected, then it should have sides of 8 cm or more. The larger the cross-section, the larger volume of sawdust you can put inside. The large volume of sawdust makes the smokehouse almost automatic, since you will not need to constantly add them during operation.

The length of the pipe must be 70 cm or more, ideal option is a pipe about 1 meter long. The principle is the same here (a long pipe length means a large volume of sawdust in it). But you shouldn’t take a very long pipe, because it won’t be very convenient to clean.

A 3/4 inch pipe is taken approximately 30 cm long. The length of a 1/3 inch pipe is selected locally (to the finished smoke generator), you need to aim for about 20 cm.

The metal mesh should have a mesh size of approximately 2-3 mm. If you can’t find the mesh, you can take a plate and often drill holes of the appropriate diameter in it. It is more correct and easier to find a mesh when making a smoke generator for cold smoking with your own hands.

To make the legs of the smoke generator, reinforcement rods (strips, corners, etc.) are taken. You can do without legs, but their presence makes the device more stable and easier to use.

The compressor is taken from an ordinary aquarium, as we said above. Fittings are needed to connect his tubes to ours. homemade device.

Making a smoke generator with your own hands: step-by-step instructions

Let's look at an example of assembling a smoke generator on a device that is needed for cold smoking. The basis of our smoke generator will be profile pipe with a cross section of 10*10 cm. We said that a round pipe is needed. But you can also take a profiled one. The fact is that a round pipe is more accessible, and a profiled one looks more attractive when the smoke generator is assembled. The difference in pipes does not have any fundamental effect on the smoking process. The round one is also more difficult to cook.

So, let's start making a smoke generator with our own hands. At a distance of about 2-3 cm from the bottom edge of our pipe, using a grinder, we make the corresponding cuts (on two opposite sides of the pipe).

Next we cut from metal mesh a square (or circle), slightly larger in size than the cross-section (diameter) of the pipe. We insert the mesh into the pipe and secure it through the cuts. The mesh is located on the bottom side. On the opposite side we weld a piece of pipe with a cross-section of 3/4 inch. If you don’t have a welding machine, but you really want to make a smoke generator with your own hands for smoking, then you can replace the welding with a screw connection. It takes longer, but is no worse if the screw connection does not leak.

Next, strictly opposite, you need to weld a special fitting, which is necessary to connect the compressor. This fitting should be positioned so that its center exactly coincides with the center of the previously welded 3/4-inch pipe.

Now you need a 1/2 inch pipe. We insert the pipe into the welded fitting. It should pass through the body and into the 3/4 inch tube located opposite. The tube should enter exactly 1 cm (no more and no less). Air from the compressor will then flow through this tube during operation. This will create draft and stimulate the combustion process. And by adjusting the power of the compressor, you can regulate the intensity of the smoke flow.

All that remains is to make the lid. We cut out a cover from a sheet of metal (round or square depending on the shape of the pipe). The size of the cover is slightly larger than the pipe itself. We make a handle in the center (preferably made of wood, since wood heats up less). To make the lid comfortable, you need to weld a strip of metal around its entire perimeter (the width of the strip is about 1 cm). This cover will not fall during operation of the smoke generator. It turned out to be not at all difficult to make it with your own hands.

It remains to weld four legs (in the area where the mesh is secured). The legs are made from reinforcement bars. That's all, now you know how to make a smoke generator with your own hands. You can start testing. The smoke generator must be placed on a non-flammable surface. If you still have any questions, then a photo of a smoke generator for smoking, made by yourself, will help you clear everything up.

How the device works

Dry shavings and sawdust from fruit trees are poured into the pipe. It's better to take shavings. When the smokehouse body is filled with shavings, you can start the process. It should be lit from below. It is more convenient to do this with a special gas burner, slightly tilting the smoke generator to the side. When the chips ignite, you need to turn on the compressor and put the lid on the smoke generator.

Modernization

The device described above is fully functional, but it is not ideal. It has some disadvantages in operation, but this is not critical, because you can modify the device and make it almost flawless. Types of improvements:

• Make the draft adjustable.
• Install the ash pan.
• Organize condensate collection.

Let's consider all these improvements in order and in more detail.

Adjustable traction

The main disadvantage of the device we described is the poor and almost uncontrolled adjustment of the combustion intensity. You can slightly influence the process by adjusting the compressor power, but this is not a panacea. It is better to add a special adjustable blower to the design of the device. You can make it by analogy with a gate.

At the bottom of the smoke generator body (but above the mesh attachment point) you need to weld a part round pipe(pipe length is about 15 cm). Then drill two holes in the pipe (the holes are strictly located opposite one another). Now you need to take a metal rod that will fit into the holes (the length of the rod is 20 cm longer than the length of the pipe). Next, we cut out a circle (square) from a sheet of metal (the size of this circle/square is slightly smaller than the internal dimensions of the pipe body). We make a handle from the rod, bend it, insert the handle into the holes, and weld the circle/square.

This completes the manufacture of the adjustable damper. When you turn the damper, you change the intensity of air flow, thereby regulating combustion.

Ash pit installation

Another drawback simple smoke generator- this is ash spilling through its mesh. You can place the device on a metal plate, but this is not very correct. It is more logical to make a special ash pan. By the way, the above-described draft control system can be organized in an ash pit. This is even better, because it becomes possible to almost complete overlap draft, but this cannot be done if the damper is in the smoke generator housing.

The ash pan is made according to the lid principle. The only point you need to remember is that the legs of the smoke generator must be on the ash pan, if one is provided. If you already have legs on the body, you will have to redo this point.

Condensate collector

When cold smoking, condensation is part of the process. There's no getting around this. This fact significantly complicates the smoking process, especially if it is not hot outside. But if you make a device for collecting condensate, then the problem will no longer be so acute.

The outlet pipe from the smoke generator must be lowered down, a special container must be placed at its lowest point to collect condensate, and two pipes must be welded to the container - one opposite the other. On the opposite side, this pipe rises again and enters the smoking cabinet in the usual way. Such a device collects most condensate Do not forget to drain the condensate from the container from time to time.

Hiking option

Take an electric stove, turn it on at full power, place a metal container with shavings on the stove fruit wood. You will also need metal barrel. The bottom of the barrel is removed (it has no bottom or lid). This barrel is placed above the electric stove (the electric stove stands in the place where the bottom of the container was). Holes are drilled in the middle of the barrel (4-6 at one level), a grate is lowered into it (the products for smoking are laid out on it), rods are inserted into the holes, they will hold the grate. When the tile heats up, the chips begin to smolder and smoke, and the smoking process begins. The barrel is not completely covered tightly with a sheet of plywood or something else. This is an option on a quick fix. Such smoking will not be beneficial either for a container for wood chips or for an electric stove. But if you use this method not every day, but once or twice a season, then it’s quite worthy country option.

Conclusion

The most simple models smoke generators for cold smoking that can be bought cost well over five thousand rubles, and more decent options twice or three times more expensive. Making the device yourself significantly saves your budget. We have described the simplest device and its most basic modifications. You can create something better. Photos will help you get acquainted with home-made smoke generators. There are many excellent original ideas and ready-made options.

There are always a variety of cold smoked products on the shelves of grocery stores. Unfortunately, the quality and taste of such “delicacies,” so to speak, are far from perfect. The problem is in the manufacturing technology.

Over the past few decades, in Food Industry are actively used chemicals, under common name"liquid smoke". Meat or fish are immersed in the solution for some time, acquiring characteristic appearance and aroma. It is clear that this process has nothing to do with smoking.

Important! These additives are certified and approved for use. The harmful effects on the body are no greater than from any other additives and flavorings.

But we want natural product! Therefore, real gourmets prefer to organize cold smoking themselves, using old antiquated technologies.

To meet the needs of workers, various smoking units are available for sale, both for hot and cold smoking.

Classic technology involves spaced cameras connected long tunnel, in which the smoke is cooled. As a result, no heat treatment is performed, and the smoked product remains as soft as if it had just been cooked.

Instructions: how to make a simple cold smoked smoke generator

To make a simple smoke generator you will need:

1. Three-liter tin can
2. Tin liter can
3. 4 screws
4. Half inch tube
5. Half-inch fitting with adapter for rubber hose
6. ½ coupling for connecting the fitting and tube

Let's start production

How does a cold smoking machine work?

The cameras are located on different levels. The height difference regulates the draft in the chimney and affects the intensity of smoke cooling. The difference can be up to 1 meter.

Important! To install such an installation, free space is required, and a natural slope of the ground is desirable.

Such conditions are not always available in the courtyard of a private house or on summer cottage. Moreover, the construction of a real smokehouse involves engineering work.

» from the presented material you will learn how you can make a smoke generator for cold smoking yourself, we will also look at drawings, diagrams, videos and photos step-by-step assembly DIY generator. Well, let's go... The cold smoked smoke generator is a fairly new invention, but has already won respect from experienced smokers) The fact is that the design of this device It’s simple to the point of genius and any interested craftsman can make it for himself. Big advantage smoke generator in its mobility, lightweight, convenient, compact, unlike wood-burning stationary smokehouses.

Device and principle of operation cold smoked smoke generator is as follows, namely, the body made of a pipe with a diameter of at least 10 cm and a height of about 50 cm plays the role of a hopper into which sawdust is poured, in the upper part there is an injector that sucks up the smoke and delivers it directly to smoking chamber. Air is supplied to the injector through a flexible hose from an aquarium compressor. The top cover is tightly closed and does not allow air to enter, but in the lower part there is a special small hole of 7-10 mm for the formation of draft. An ash pan and a grate mesh are also installed in the lower part to keep sawdust and coals from falling off. Inside the hopper there is a spring along the entire length from the ash pan to the injector tube; it is necessary so that smoke can rise along it like a spiral through a dense layer of sawdust.

In addition to the smoke generator kit, you will also need to make a smoking chamber or a house, see how to do this correctly

Smoking occurs precisely through smoke, unlike other smokehouses where there is exposure to temperature, the smoke enters the smoking chamber where products (lard, meat, fish, chicken, cheese, etc.) are pre-placed; the process lasts from several hours to several days, unlike the type and quantity available product. The result is the most delicious smoked meats. homemade, tens of times better than store-bought analogues, and most importantly, an order of magnitude cheaper, because you yourself know the price of smoked food today...

And so friends! Let's move on to the drawings and diagrams of the smoke generator made .

Below is a diagram of two types of smoke generators, namely with a lower ejector and one installed in the upper part of the body. In principle, both designs are successful and are respected, but today we will look at a smoke generator with an upper ejection

Schematic diagram of the operation and design of the generator: the hopper is filled with wood chips, sawdust is slowly smoldering in the lower part, the smoke, under the influence of the ejector, rises upward along a spring spiral through the thickness of the sawdust and is directed through a squeegee into the smoking chamber, where the process of smoking the product itself takes place.

For self-made smoke generator you will need: professional pipe " square section"or round... there is not much difference. A pair of squeegees, fittings, an adapter, a tube, a flexible hose and an aquarium compressor for pumping air into the ejector.

A hole is drilled at the bottom for air access.
You need to make a tight-fitting lid from a piece of pipe.


We install the ejector.

The air will be supplied by the aquarium compressor.
You can also make a compressor yourself, well, roughly like the one in the photo plastic bottle and attaching a computer cooler or a suitable size fan to it.
So guys.. now let's figure out the spring, where, how and why is it installed inside the loading hopper of the smoke generator? The fact is that it is quite difficult for smoke to rise to the top through a layer of sawdust on its own, which is why a metal spring is installed through which the smoke rises to the top as if in a spiral. This spring has a length from the ash pan to the ejector tube, this can be clearly seen in the photo below.
Now let's move directly to the ejector itself, it consists of a tee, a drive, thin and thick metal tube. When air is supplied from the compressor, a vacuum is created at the junction of the tubes, which helps raise smoke from bottom to top and feed it into the smoking chamber.

The bunker is filled with sawdust almost to the top and one filling is enough for 1.5-2 hours of continuous smoking, after which the sawdust is filled again.
We set fire to sawdust from the treasury, that is, in the lower part using gas burner, and then we put it on the ash pan and connect the flexible hose from the compressor. for supplying smoke to the smokehouse.

We insert the squeegee into the hole in the smoking chamber.
Several options for hand-made smoking houses.



That's basically all I wanted to explain to you.