Chemical experiments can be done at home. Come out dry from water

Choosing a gift for an eleven-year-old nephew, I could not do without a book))). It was decided to search among the books aimed at the maximum distraction of the guy from modern gadgets. Since he is very smart and inquisitive with us, I hope that summer vacation he will be bored without a tablet, but with the help of this book and another gift, but that's another topic. I settled on "Fun science experiments for children. 30 exciting experiments at home", Yegor Belko, publishing house Peter

ISBN 978-5-496-01343-7

Home experiments. Probably, there is no child who would not be interested and would not want to build an erupting volcano at home or “settle” a cloud in a jar, a rainbow in a glass, push an egg into a bottle, or grow a purple chamomile. And even more so when everything that is needed for these experiments is at home: on the desktop or in mom's kitchen, and no special reagents and chemicals are needed. The most “dangerous” experiment in this book is probably vinegar.

At each turn given detailed description experiment: necessary materials, description of the preparation and course of the experiment and its scientific explanation, as well as clear and colorful illustrated tips. All experiments are very simple, and everything you need to carry them out can be easily found in every home. From the age of 6-7, I think, it is already possible to give a book to a child for independent study, and until this age you can have a great time with your mother, and even better with your dad (dads are better able to explain the properties of objects and materials, they somehow easier and more understandable

My daughter is almost 3 years old, but we love to experiment too. For example, we have already done, built a whole installation of a mountain peak and a volcano erupting in it, and with ice and simply painted with "soda" paints, and then "foamed" the drawing with vinegar or maybe with a solution of citric acid. The delight of the child is guaranteed, and even if he does not understand the reason for what is happening, he will certainly remember the impressions of what he saw. The purpose and task of such activities with a child is to simply and easily show that there is a simple explanation for any phenomenon of nature or human life, and we can still understand its components; awaken the child's interest in everything that has a logical scientific explanation, but does not give an impulse to curiosity at first sight; teach the child to seek the truth of what is happening; and just to make it clear that from any object or material found in the kitchen, in the yard or in the bathroom, you can make something interesting and exciting with your own hands. We have already sent the book to my nephew, but I photographed all the spreads to repeat the experiments with my daughter. There is a lot of information about such things on the net now, and if you try, you can make your own book of “home experiments”, but if you don’t want to spend a lot of time searching or just a holiday is on the nose of your favorite kids, then this book is worthy of attention.

Do you think that today's children spend more time playing on their phones than necessary? Worried about your child becoming addicted to gadgets? Believe me, almost all parents are faced with this. Children and adults cannot imagine life without digital technologies, what can you do. We live in such an era. Many modern children begin their first acquaintance with the world through sterile Computer techologies and virtual perception.

When your baby is busy with a smartphone, tablet or computer, it worries you less. The child is passionate, he does not run, does not make noise, does not annoy you. You can rest easy and go about your business. Really, great? Certainly, if you are going to raise a half-blind disabled person with mental disabilities.

Many experts compare digital addiction with alcohol and drugs. To prevent this, the editorial "So simple!" collected for you 9 simple and entertaining experiments especially for preschoolers.

Experiments for children at home

With the help of the usual tools at hand that everyone has in the house, your baby will learn how to conduct real scientific experiments. Imagine how delighted he will be when he sees chemical reactions and tricks of physics! He will like it much more than cartoons and video games.

rainbow milk

You will need

• fat milk
• plate
• food colorings
• liquid soap or detergent
• cotton buds

Working process

1. Pour milk into a bowl. Drop a few drops of food coloring different color.
2. Dip a cotton swab into the detergent and touch it to the surface of the milk.
3. Watch an amazing reaction: the milk will begin to move, overflow and play with colors.

Explanation

The colors are set in motion by the interaction of detergent molecules with milk molecules.

refractory ball

You will need

• 2 balls
• candle
• matches

Working process

1. Inflate the first balloon and hold it over the candle to demonstrate that the balloon bursts from fire.
2. Fill the second ball with water, tie it up and bring it back to the candle.
3. It turns out that the ball does not burst and calmly withstands the flame of a candle.

Explanation

The water in the balloon absorbs some of the heat from the candle and keeps the walls of the balloon from melting, so it doesn't burst.

lava lamp

You will need

• 1 liter of water
• 1 tsp salt
• food colorings
• vegetable oil
• jar

Working process

1. Fill the jar with water about a third of the volume and dissolve the food coloring in it.
2. Pour vegetable oil to the top of the jar. Observe that the oil does not mix with water, but remains on top.
3. Add 1 tsp. salt and watch the amazing reaction happen.

Explanation

Oil and water have different densities. Oil is lighter than water, so it's on top. The salt makes the oil heavier, so it sinks to the bottom. If you replace salt with any effervescent tablet, the effect will be simply enchanting!

Eruption

You will need

• tray
• plastic bottle
• plasticine or clay for modeling
• food coloring
• vinegar
• 2 tbsp. l. baking soda
• 1/4 st. vinegar
• 1/4 st. water

Working process

1. Cut a plastic bottle in half.
2. Blind a plasticine or clay volcano around the bottle.
3. Pour in 1/4 tbsp. water, add food coloring, soda, pour in vinegar.
4. Watch the "volcanic eruption".

Explanation

Molecules of vinegar and soda enter into a chemical reaction, and the active release of carbon dioxide begins. Therefore, the mixture foams and is pushed out of the bottle. If you sculpt buildings, vegetation around the volcano, put figures of animals and people, then you get a real home “cataclysm”!

invisible ink

You will need

• milk or lemon juice
• brush or pen
• paper
• hot iron

Working process

1. Dip the brush in milk or lemon juice.
2. Write something on a piece of paper. Wait for the lettering to dry.
3. Heat up a sheet of paper with an iron and watch how the inscription appears.

Explanation

Milk and lemon juice are organic substances and are able to oxidize, that is, react with oxygen. When heated with an iron, this ink turns brown because it "burns" faster than paper. The same effect gives vinegar, orange and onion juice, honey. Even if the kid does not know how to write yet, he can draw a secret letter.

floating egg

You will need

• 2 chicken eggs
• 2 glasses of water
• 5 tsp salt

Working process

1. Gently lower the egg into the first glass of water. If it remains intact, it will sink to the bottom.
2. Pour into the second glass hot water and add 5 tsp. salt. Dissolve the salt, wait for the water to cool slightly, then dip the second egg.
3. Watch the second egg float on the surface instead of sinking to the bottom of the glass.

Explanation

The density of the egg is much more density water. But the saline solution is more dense than the egg, so it remains to float on the surface.

Rainbow at home

You will need

• deep transparent plate
• sheet of A4 paper
• mirror
• flashlight

Working process

1. Immerse a mirror on the bottom of a transparent plate. Pour water.
2. Point a flashlight at the mirror.
3. Catch the reflected light with a sheet of paper and observe a bright rainbow.

Explanation

The beam of light is not actually white, but consists of several colors. When the beam passes through the water, it is decomposed into its component parts in the form of a rainbow.

Walking on eggs

Working process

1. Cover the floor with garbage bags, put 2 egg trays on them. Make sure all eggs are turned with the pointed side up.
2. Invite the child to take a walk on the eggs. By placing his foot correctly, he will be able to walk on them without breaking a single one. Do not believe? Try it too!

Explanation

As you know, the egg shell is very strong, despite the fragility. With uniform stress, the pressure is distributed over the shell so that it is able to withstand even a large weight without cracking.

candle pump

You will need

• plate
• candle
• cup
• food coloring

Working process

1. Dissolve food coloring in water.
2. Light a candle and put it on a plate.
3. Cover the candle with a glass. Watch how the water is drawn into the glass.

Explanation

Candles need oxygen to burn. When it ran out inside the glass, the candle went out and the internal pressure decreased, and the pressure outside the glass forced the water inside.

It's so easy with the help of improvised means you can carry out exciting chemistry experiments for kids. Introduce your baby to productive and informative games that will develop his curiosity, craving for knowledge and interest in the outside world.

This is a real creative lab! A team of true like-minded people, each of which is an expert in his field, united by a common goal: to help people. We create materials that are really worth sharing, and our beloved readers serve as a source of inexhaustible inspiration for us!

The Ghostbusters remake is coming out very soon, and this is a great excuse to revisit an old movie and explore non-Newtonian fluids. One of the heroes of the film, the silly ghost Lizun, - good image for visualization. This is a character who loves to eat very much, and he also knows how to penetrate walls.

We will need:

• potato,
• tonic.

What do we do

Very finely (can be chopped in a food processor), cut the potatoes and pour hot water. After 10-15 minutes, drain the water through a sieve into a clean bowl and set aside. A sediment will appear at the bottom - starch. Drain the water, the starch will remain in the bowl. In principle, you will already get a non-Newtonian fluid. You can play with it and watch how it hardens under your hands, and becomes liquid by itself. You can also add food coloring for a vibrant color.

Now let's add some magic.

The starch needs to be dried (leave for a couple of days). And then add tonic to it and make a kind of dough that is easy to take in your hand. In the palms, it will retain its consistency, and if you stop and stop kneading it, it will begin to spread.

If you turn on the ultraviolet lamp, then you and your child will see how the dough begins to glow. This is due to quinine, which is contained in the tonic. It looks magical: a luminous substance that behaves as if it violates all the laws of physics.

2. Get superpowers

Comic book heroes are especially popular right now, so your child will love feeling like a powerful Magneto who can manipulate metals.

We will need:

• printer toner,
• magnet,
• vegetable oil.

What do we do

From the very beginning, get ready for the fact that after conducting this experiment you will need a lot of napkins or rags - it will be quite dirty.

Pour about 50 ml of toner into a small container to laser printers. Add two tablespoons of vegetable oil and mix very well. Done - you have a liquid in your hands that will react to the magnet.

You can attach a magnet to the container and watch how the liquid literally sticks to the wall, forming a funny "hedgehog". It will be even more interesting if you find a board on which it is not a pity to pour a little black mixture, and invite the child to use a magnet to control a drop of toner.

3. Turn milk into a cow

Encourage your child to make a liquid solid without resorting to freezing. This is a very simple and impressive experience, although you have to wait a couple of days to get the result. But what an effect!

We will need:

• cup ,
• vinegar.

What do we do

Heat up a glass of milk microwave oven or on the stove. We don't boil. Then you need to add a tablespoon of vinegar to it. And now we start to interfere. Actively move the spoon in the glass to see how white clots appear. This is casein, a protein found in milk.

When there are a lot of clots, drain the mixture through a sieve. All that remains in the colander must be shaken, and then laid out on a paper towel and dried a little. Then start kneading the material with your hands. It will look like dough or clay. At this stage, you can add food coloring or glitter to make the white mass brighter and more interesting for the baby.

Invite the child to mold something from this material - a figurine of an animal (for example, a cow) or some other object. But you can just lay out the mass in plastic mold. Leave to dry for a day or two.

When the mass dries, you will have a figurine made of a very hard hypoallergenic material. Such "homemade plastic" was used until the 1930s. Jewelry, accessories, buttons were made from casein.

4. Manage snakes

Getting a vinegar and soda reaction is just about the most boring experience imaginable. "Volcanoes" and "pops" will not be of interest to modern children. But you can invite the child to become a “master of snakes” and show how acid and alkali still react.

We will need:

• packaging of jelly worms,
• soda,
• vinegar.

What do we do

We take two large transparent glasses. Pour water into one and pour soda. We mix. Open the package of jelly worms. It is better to cut each of them lengthwise, to make thinner. Then the experience will be more spectacular.

Thin worms should be put in a mixture of water and soda and mixed. Set aside for 5 minutes.

Pour vinegar into another glass. And now we add to this vessel the worms that have been in a glass of soda. Because of the soda, bubbles will be visible on their surface. So there is a reaction. The more worms you add to the glass, the more gas will be released. And after some time, the bubbles will raise the worms to the surface. Add more soda - the reaction will be more active and the worms themselves will begin to crawl out of the glass. Cool!

5. Make a hologram like in Star Wars

Of course, it is difficult to create a real hologram at home. But its likeness is quite real and not even very difficult. You will learn how to use the properties of light and turn 2D images into 3D images.

We will need:

• smartphone,
• cd box,
• stationery knife,
• scotch,
• paper,
• pencil.

What do we do

Draw a trapezoid on paper. The drawing can be seen in the photo: the length of the lower side of the trapezoid is 6 cm, the upper side is 1 cm.

Carefully cut out a paper trapezoid and take out the CD box. We need a transparent part of it. Attach the pattern to the plastic and use a clerical knife to cut a trapezoid out of the plastic. Repeat three more times - we need four identical transparent elements.

Now they need to be glued together with adhesive tape so that it looks like a funnel or a truncated pyramid.

Take a smartphone and run one of the such videos. Place the plastic pyramid, narrow side down, in the center of the screen. Inside you will see a "hologram".

You can run a video with characters from " Star Wars' and, for example, recreate famous recording of Princess Leia, or admire own miniature BB-8.

6. Get away with it

Every child can build a sand castle on the seashore. How about building it under water? Along the way, you can learn the concept of "hydrophobic".

We will need:

• colored sand for aquariums (you can take regular sand, but it needs to be washed and dried),
• hydrophobic shoe spray.

What do we do

Carefully pour the sand onto a large plate or baking sheet. We apply a hydrophobic spray on it. We do this very carefully: spray, mix, repeat several times. The task is simple - to make sure that a protective layer envelops each grain of sand.

When the sand dries, collect it in a bottle or bag. Take a large container for water (for example, a jar with a wide mouth or an aquarium). Show your child how hydrophobic sand "works". If you pour it in a thin stream into water, it will sink to the bottom, but remain dry. This is easy to check: let the baby take some sand from the bottom of the container. As soon as the sand rises from the water, it will crumble in the palm of your hand.

7. Classify information better than James Bond

Write secret messages lemon juice - last century. There is another way to get invisible ink, which also allows you to learn a little more about the reaction of iodine and starch.

We will need:

• paper,
• brush.

What do we do

First we cook rice. Porridge can be eaten later, but we need a decoction - it has a lot of starch. Dip a brush into it and write a secret message on paper, such as "I know who ate all the cookies yesterday." Wait for the paper to dry. The starch letters will be invisible. To decipher the message, you need to moisten another brush or cotton swab in a solution of iodine and water and draw it over what is written. Because of chemical reaction blue letters will begin to appear on the paper. Voila!

The ability to see a miracle in everyday objects distinguishes a genius from other people. Creativity is formed in early childhood, when the baby inquisitively studies the world around him. scientific experiments, including experiments with water, - easy way interest the child natural sciences and great family fun.

From this article you will learn

What is good water for home experiments

Water is the ideal substance to explore physical properties items. The advantages of the substance familiar to us are:

• availability and low cost;
• the ability to stay in three states: solid, vaporous and liquid;
• the ability to easily dissolve various substances;
• the transparency of the water ensures the visibility of the experience: the baby will be able to explain the result of the study himself;
• safety and non-toxicity of substances necessary for experiments: a child can touch everything that interests him;
• not necessary additional tools and equipment, special skills and knowledge;
• You can conduct research both at home and in kindergarten.

The complexity of the experiments depends on the age of the child and the level of his knowledge. It is better to start experiments with water for children with the simplest manipulations, in senior group preschool or at home.

Experiments for toddlers (4-6 years old)

All little children enjoy the process of pouring and mixing liquids of different colors. The first lessons can be devoted to acquaintance with the organoleptic properties of the substance: taste, smell, color.

In children preparatory group you can ask what is the difference mineral water and sea. In the kindergarten, the results of research can not be proved and what is happening can be explained in accessible words.

Transparency experience

You will need two transparent glasses: one with water, the other with an opaque liquid, such as tomato juice, milk, cocktail tubes or spoons. Immerse objects in each container and ask the kids in which of the cups the tube is visible and in which it is not? Why? Which substance is transparent and which is impenetrable?

Sinking - not drowning

You need to prepare two glasses of water, salt and a raw fresh egg. Add salt to one of the glasses at the rate of two tablespoons per glass. If you dip an egg into a clear liquid, it will sink to the bottom, and if into a salty one, it will end up on the surface of the water. The child will develop the concept of the density of matter. If you take a large container and gradually add fresh water in salt, the egg will gradually sink.

Freeze

On the initial stage it will be enough to pour water into the mold with the child and send it to the freezer. You can watch together the process of melting an ice cube, speed up the process by touching it with your fingers.

Then complicate the experiment: put a thick thread on the ice cube, sprinkle the surface with salt. After a few moments, everything will grab together, and the cube can be lifted up by the thread.

A fascinating sight is the melting colored ice cubes placed in a transparent container with vegetable oil(you can take a child). Droplets of water sinking to the bottom form a bizarre pattern that is constantly changing.

Steam is also water

For the experiment, the water must be boiled. Pay attention to the children how steam rises above the surface. Hold over a container of hot liquid, such as a thermos, mirror, or glass saucer. Show how droplets flow from it. Make a conclusion: if you heat water, it will turn into steam, when cooled, it will again turn into a liquid state.

"CONSPIRACY"

It's not an experience, but rather a focus. Before starting the experiment, ask the kids if water in a closed container can change color from a magic spell. In front of the children, say a conspiracy, shake the jar, and the colorless liquid will become colored.

The secret is that water-soluble paint, watercolor or gouache is applied to the lid of the container in advance. At the moment of shaking, the water washes away the layer of paint and changes color. The main thing is not to turn inner part covers to the audience.

broken pencil

The simplest experiment that demonstrates the refraction of an image in a liquid is to place a tube or pencil in a transparent glass filled with water. The part of the product immersed in the liquid will appear deformed, which is why the pencil looks broken.

The optical properties of water can also be tested in this way: take two eggs of the same size and immerse one of them in water. One will seem larger than the other.

Freeze expansion

Take plastic tubes for a cocktail, close one end with plasticine, fill with water to the brim and cork. Place the tube in the freezer. After a while, pay attention to the baby that the liquid, freezing, expanded and forced out the plasticine plugs. Explain that water can break the container if it is exposed to low temperatures.

Dry wipe

Place a dry paper towel in the bottom of an empty glass. Turn it over and lower it vertically into a basin of water with the edges down to the bottom. Prevent liquid from getting inside by holding the glass with force. Also in the vertical direction, remove the glass from the water.

If everything is done correctly, the paper in the glass will not get wet, this will be prevented by air pressure. Tell the children the story of the diving bell that people use to sink to the bottom of a pond.

Submarine

We lower the tube into a glass filled with water, bend it in the lower third. Immerse the glass completely upside down in a container of water so that part of the tube is on the surface. We blow into it, the air instantly fills the glass, it jumps out of the water and turns over.

You can tell the children that fish use this technique: to dive to the bottom, they squeeze the air bubble with their muscles, and part of the air comes out of it. To rise to the surface, they pump up air and float.

Bucket rotation

To conduct this experience, it is advisable to call for help from the pope. The procedure is as follows: a strong bucket with a strong handle is taken and filled with water up to half. A more spacious place is chosen, it is desirable to conduct an experiment in nature. The bucket must be taken by the handle and rotated quickly so that the water does not spill. When the experiment is over, you can watch the splashes pouring from the bucket.

If the child is old enough, explain to him that the fluid is held by centrifugal force. You can test its action on the rides, the principle of which is based on a circular motion.

vanishing coin

To demonstrate this experience, pour water into a liter jar and close the lid. Take out a coin and give it to the baby so that he makes sure that it is the most ordinary one. Let the child put it on the table, and you put the jar on top. Ask your child if he sees money. Remove the container and the coin will be visible again.

floating paperclip

Before starting the experiment, ask the child if they drown in water. metal objects. If he finds it difficult to answer, throw a paper clip vertically into the water. She will sink to the bottom. Tell your child that you know a magic spell to keep the paperclip from sinking. Using the flat hook bent from the second piece, slowly and carefully place a horizontal paperclip on the surface of the water.

So that the product does not completely sink to the bottom, first rub it with a candle. Focus is achieved due to a property of water called surface tension.

non-spill glass

For another experiment based on the properties of the surface tension of water, you will need:

• transparent smooth glass beaker;
• a handful of small metal objects: nuts, washers, coins;
• oil, mineral or vegetable;
• chilled water.

Before carrying out the experiment, you need to grease the edges of a clean, dry glass with oil. Fill it with water and lower the metal objects one by one. The surface of the water will no longer be flat and will begin to rise above the edges of the glass. At some point, the film on the surface will burst, and the liquid will spill. Oil in this experiment is needed to reduce the connection of water and the surface of the glass.

Flowers on the water

Required materials and tools:

• paper different density and colors, cardboard;
• scissors;
• glue;
• a wide container of water: a basin, a deep tray, a dish.

The preparatory stage is the manufacture of flowers. Cut the paper into squares with a side of 15 centimeters. Fold each of them in half and double again. Randomly cut out the petals. Bend them in half so that the petals form a bud. Dip each flower in prepared water.

Gradually, the flowers will begin to open. The speed of unraveling will depend on the weight of the paper. The petals are straightened due to the swelling of the fibers of the material.

treasure hunt

Collect small toys, coins, beads and freeze them in one or more pieces of ice. The essence of the game is that as thawing occurs, objects will appear on the surface. To speed up the process, you can use kitchen utensils and various tools: forks, tweezers, a knife with a safe blade. If several children are playing, you can arrange a competition.

Everything has soaked in

Experience introduces the child to the ability of objects to absorb liquids. To carry it out, take a sponge and a plate of water. Dip the sponge into the bowl and watch with your child as the water rises and the sponge becomes wet. Experiment with different objects, some have the ability to absorb liquids, and some do not.

Ice cubes

Children love to freeze water. Experiment with them with shapes and colors: the kids will make sure that the liquid repeats the shape of the container in which it is placed. Freeze the colored water into cubes, first insert toothpicks or tubes into each.

From the freezer you will get a lot of colorful boats. Put on paper sails and lower the boats into the water. The ice will begin to melt, forming bizarre colored stains: this is manifested by the diffusion of the liquid.

Experiments with water at different temperatures

Stages and conditions of the process:

1. Prepare four identical glass glasses, watercolors or food coloring.
2. Pour cold water into two glasses, warm water into two.
3. Color warm water black and cold water yellow.
4. Put a glass of cold water into a plate, cover the container with warm black liquid with a plastic card, turn it over and place it so that the glasses are symmetrical.
5. Carefully remove the card, try not to move the glasses.
6. cold and warm water do not mix due to the properties of physics.

Repeat the experiment, but this time put a glass of hot water down.

All experiments in kindergarten are carried out in a playful way.

Experiences for schoolchildren

Tricks with water for schoolchildren need to be explained already in elementary grade introducing the simplest scientific concepts, then the young magician will easily master both physics and chemistry in the 8th-11th grade.

colored layers

Take a plastic bottle, fill a third of it with vegetable oil, a third with water, and leave another third empty. Pour the food coloring into the bottle and seal it with a cap. The child can see that oil is lighter than air and water is heavier.

The oil will remain unchanged, but the water will be colored. If you shake the bottle, the layers will shift, but after a few moments everything will be as it was. When the container is placed in the freezer, the oil layer will sink down and the water will freeze on top.

Sieve-non-spill

Everyone knows that water cannot be held in a sieve. Show the child a trick: grease the sieve with oil and shake. Carefully pour some water along the inside edge of the sieve. Water will not flow out, as the oil film will hold it. But if you run your finger along the bottom, it will collapse and the liquid will flow out.

Experiment with glycerin

The experiment can be carried out on the eve of the New Year. Take a jar with a screw cap, small plastic toy, glitter, glue and glycerin. Glue a toy, Christmas tree, snowman to inside covers.

Pour water into a jar, add glitter and glycerin. Close the lid tightly with the figurine inside and turn the container upside down. Thanks to glycerin, the glitter will swirl beautifully around the figurine if you turn the design over regularly. The jar can be given as a gift.

Making a cloud

It's more of an ecological experiment. If your child asks you what clouds are made of, do this experiment with water. Pour hot water into a 3-liter jar, about 2.5 centimeters. Place ice cubes on a saucer or baking sheet and place on a jar so that the neck is completely closed.

Soon, a cloud of mist (steam) forms inside the container. You can draw a preschooler's attention to condensation and explain why it's raining.

Tornado

Often, both children and adults are interested in how such an atmospheric phenomenon as a tornado is formed. Together with the children, you can answer this question by arranging the following experiment with water, which consists of the following steps:

1. Prepare two plastic bottles with a volume of 2 liters, adhesive tape, a metal washer with a diameter of 2.5.
2. Fill one of the bottles with water and put a washer on the neck.
3. Turn the second bottle over, put on the first and rewind tightly upper part both bottles with tape so that water does not spill out.
4. Turn the structure over so that the water bottle is on top.
5. Arrange a hurricane: start rotating the device in a spiral. The flowing stream will turn into a mini-tornado.
6. Observe the process taking place in the bottles.

A tornado can also be arranged in a bank. To do this, fill it with water, not reaching the edges by 4-5 centimeters, add dishwashing detergent. Close the lid tightly and shake the jar.

Rainbow

You can explain to the baby the origin of the rainbow in the following way. In a sunny room, install a wide container of water, put a sheet of white paper next to it. Lower a mirror into the container, catch a ray of sunshine with it, direct it towards the sheet so that a spectrum appears. You can use a flashlight.

Lord of matches

Pour water into a plate and let it float on the surface of the match. Dip a piece of sugar or soap into the water: in the first case, the matches will gather around the piece, in the second, they will float away from it. This is because sugar increases the surface tension of water, while soap decreases it.

Water flows up

Place white flowers in containers of water colored with food coloring, preferably carnations or pale green plants such as celery. After a while, the flowers will change color. You can do it easier: use not flowers, but white paper napkins in the experiment with water.

An interesting effect will be obtained if one edge of the towel is placed in water of a certain color, and the other in another, contrasting shade.

Water from air

Home exciting experience clearly shows how the condensation process occurs. To do this, take glass jar, fill it with ice cubes, add a spoonful of salt, shake it several times and close the lid. 10 minutes later on outer surface jars will appear water droplets.

For clarity, wrap it in a paper towel and make sure there is enough water. Tell your child where in nature you can see the process of water condensation: for example, on cold stones under the sun.

paper cover

If you turn a glass of water over, it will spill out. Can a sheet of paper hold water? To answer the question, cut out of thick paper flat lid, exceeding the diameter of the edges of the glass by 2-3 centimeters.

Fill a glass about halfway with water, place a sheet of paper on top, and gently flip it over. Due to the air pressure, the liquid must remain in the container.

Thanks to this joke, the student can earn popularity among classmates.

soapy volcano

You will need: detergent, soda, vinegar, cardboard for the "volcano", iodine. Pour water, vinegar, dishwashing liquid and a few drops of iodine or other dye into a glass. Make a cone out of dark cardboard and wrap the container with the ingredients so that the edges touch. Pour baking soda into a glass and the volcano will erupt.

candle pump

This entertaining water trick demonstrates the power of the law of gravity. Take a small candle, place it on a saucer and light it. Pour some colored water into a saucer. Cover the candle with a glass, gradually the liquid will be drawn into it. The explanation is in the change in pressure inside the tank.

Growing crystals

This experience will result in beautiful crystals on the surface of the wire. To grow them you need strong solution salt. You can determine whether the solution is sufficiently saturated by adding a new portion of salt. If it does not already dissolve, the solution is ready. How cleaner water, all the better.

To clear the solution of debris, pour it into another container. Dip a wire with a loop at the end into the solution and put everything in a warm place. To get patterned crafts, twist the wire as required. After a few days, the wire is overgrown with salt "snow".

Dancing coin

Need Glass bottle, coin and water. Place an empty bottle without a cap in the freezer for 10 minutes. Put a coin soaked in water on the neck of the bottle. In less than a minute, the cold air from heating will expand and begin to displace the coin, causing it to bounce on the surface.

magic ball

Tools and materials: vinegar, baking soda, lemon, glass, balloon, bottle, electrical tape and funnel.

Process flow:

• Pour water into the bottle, add a teaspoon of soda.
• Mix three tablespoons of vinegar and lemon juice.
• Quickly pour the mixture into the water bottle through the funnel and place the balloon on the neck of the bottle containing the water and baking soda mixture. The reaction will come instantly: the composition will begin to “boil” and the balloon will inflate, as air will be forced out.

To ensure that air from the bottle only enters the balloon, wrap the neck with electrical tape.

Balls in a frying pan

If a little water is poured onto a hot surface, it will disappear (evaporate). When adding another portion, balls resembling mercury are formed in the pan.

burning liquid

Glue work surface Bengal sticks with adhesive tape, leaving the tips, set fire and lower into a transparent vessel with water. The sticks will not go out, thanks to their chemical composition in water, their fire burns even brighter, creating the effect of a burning liquid.

Water management

The power of sound is another means of changing the direction of fluid flow. The result can be observed using a powerful speaker. Under the influence of music or other sound effects, the water takes on a bizarre fantastic shape, forming foam and mini-fountains.

rainbow water

The cognitive experiment is based on changing the density of water. For the process, take four small cups of water, dyes, a syringe and granulated sugar.

Add dye to the first glass and leave for a while. In the rest, dissolve successively 1, 2 and 3 teaspoons of sugar and dyes different colors. An unsweetened liquid is poured into a transparent glass with a syringe. Then, water is also gently released to the bottom with a syringe, where 0.5 teaspoon of sugar is added.

The third and fourth steps: a solution is produced with an average and maximum concentration in the same way: closer to the bottom. If everything is done correctly, in a glass you will get water with multi-colored layers.

colorful lamp

A cool experience delights not only children 5-6 years old, but also junior schoolchildren and in adolescents. Pour into a glass or plastic bottle equal parts water and sunflower oil, the dye is poured. The process is started by dropping an effervescent aspirin into the water. The effect will be enhanced if this experiment is carried out in dark room providing illumination with a flashlight.

Ice formation

For the trick you will need a 0.5 liter plastic bottle filled with distilled water without gas, and freezer. Place the container in the freezer, after 2 hours, remove it and hit it sharply on a hard surface.

The water will start to turn into ice. The experiment is explained by the composition of distilled water: there are no centers responsible for crystallization in it. Upon impact, bubbles appear in the liquid and the freezing process starts.

This is not all manipulations carried out with water. Substances such as starch, clay, shampoo change its properties beyond recognition. Children of 6-7 years old can do almost all the experiments themselves in the kitchen or experiment under the supervision of their parents by watching a video tutorial or explanatory pictures.

More cool experiments are shown in this video.

If necessary, you need to offer advice or help to the little chemist. It is even better to do all the research together: even adults will discover a lot amazing properties water.

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How to interest a child in the knowledge of new substances and properties various items and liquids? At home, you can arrange an impromptu chemical laboratory and conduct simple chemical experiments for children at home.

Transformations will be original and appropriate in honor of any festive event or in the most ordinary conditions to familiarize the child with the properties different materials. Here are some simple tricks that are easy to replicate at home.

Chemical experiments using ink

Take a small container with water, preferably with transparent walls.

Dissolve a drop of ink or ink in it - the water will turn blue.

Add one tablet to the solution activated carbon pre-shredded.

Then shake the container well and you will see that it will gradually become light, without a shade of paint. Charcoal powder has an absorbent property, and the water takes on its original color.

Trying to create clouds at home

Take a tall jar and pour some hot water (about 3 cm) into it. Prepare ice cubes in the freezer and place them on a flat baking sheet, which you place on top of the jar.

The hot air in the jar will cool, forming water vapor. The condensate molecules will begin to clump together in the form of a cloud. This transformation demonstrates the origin in nature of clouds when it cools warm air. Why is it raining?

Drops of water on the ground are heated and rise up. There they cool and meet each other to form into clouds. Then the clouds also combine into heavy formations, and fall to the ground as precipitation. Watch the video chemical experiments for children at home.

Feelings for hands at different water temperatures

You will need three deep bowls of water - cold, hot and room temperature.

The child must touch with one hand cold water and the other is hot.

After a couple of minutes, both hands are placed in a vessel with water at room temperature. How does water feel to him? Is there a difference in perception temperature?

Water can soak up and stain the plant

For this beautiful transformation you will need living plant or flower stem.

Place it in a glass of water colored with any bright color(red, blue, yellow).

Gradually notice that the plant turns the same color.

This happens because the stem absorbs water and takes on its color. In the language of chemical phenomena, such a process is usually called osmosis or one-way diffusion.

You can make a fire extinguisher yourself at home

Necessary actions:

1. Let's take a candle.
2. It is necessary to light it, and place it in a jar so that it stands straight, and the flame does not reach its edges.
3. Carefully place a teaspoon of baking powder into the jar.
4. Then pour a little bit of vinegar into it.

Next, we look at the transformation - the white powder of baking powder will hiss, forming foam, and the candle will go out. This interaction of two substances provides the formation of carbon dioxide. It sinks to the bottom of the jar because it is heavy compared to other atmospheric gases.

The fire does not get access to oxygen and goes out. It is this principle that is laid down in the device of a fire extinguisher. All of them contain carbon dioxide that puts out the flames of fire.

What else you need to read:

Oranges can float on water

If an orange is placed in a bowl of water, it will not sink. Clean it and dip it in water again - you will see it at the bottom. How did it happen?

The peel of an orange has air bubbles on which it floats on the water, almost like on an air mattress.

Checking the ability of eggs to float on water

We use water cans again. Put a couple of tablespoons of salt in one of them and stir until dissolved. Dip an egg in each of the jars. In salt water, it will be on the surface, and in normal water, it will sink to the bottom.