All about strawberries strawberries victoria. Strawberry variety Victoria - how to grow a delicious berry in the country? important properties of victoria

Some people call any strawberry - Victoria...

But this is not true, because in fact Victoria is one of the ancient varieties of cultivated strawberries, but it is only a variety, but in fact it is still a strawberry ...

By the way, some people call it garden strawberries ... Somewhere they are even right, since strawberries are strawberries.

If we turn to botany, then the genus is considered Strawberry, and under the genus the species is Strawberry ...

It so happened that in our family, as far as I remember, garden strawberries were called strawberries. That is, they didn’t call it garden strawberries at all, and years later it turned out that it was garden strawberries. It is also called victoria. And it turns out to be wrong to call it a strawberry, but the name has taken root ...

Strawberries are a different plant, however, for non-professionals, they also look like garden strawberries ..

In fact, if I understood correctly, then Victoria and strawberries are one and the same, the only difference is in size. Victoria is large strawberries, which was brought to us by seafarers (we had only small varieties).

Strawberries are small berries.

Look at THIS photo



In the first case, Victoria, in the second - strawberries.

The berry we call a strawberry is actually large-fruited garden strawberry, before it was called Victoriaquot ;. There is also a variety with the same name.





Strawberries are grown less often, this berry is small, lighter in color. It is not so profitable to grow it, because the plant is dioecious, i.e. the amount of area it occupies is half the yield.

Confusion in the names of strawberries and garden strawberries led to the fact that now all garden strawberries are called strawberries. And although this is wrong, I think that since people are so used to it, then it’s not worth correcting them. And based on this remark, it turns out that Victoria is just one of the many varieties of strawberries (well, or garden strawberries, to be exact).

Victoria and strawberries- it's not the same thing.

This is different types but of the same kind.

Strawberry- a herbaceous plant, the fruits of which are edible, like those of Victoria. Extended to household plots rarely. Found in the wild.

Victoria- garden strawberries, which are not found in the wild in nature. She is known to everyone and grows in everyone near the house, in the country. We even call it strawberries, although it is Victoria, not strawberries.





Strawberries have delicious and fragrant berries, the size of strawberries smaller size garden strawberries. Strawberries are low yielding. Peduncles and berries are located above the leaves. Leaves, their edges are strongly dissected. Strawberries bloom in white, pink, light lilac. Real strawberries are now rare in Russia

So it turns out that we eat strawberries, not strawberries.

Once in the forest we stumbled upon a whole field of berries, similar to the strawberries we are used to. The berries were small round shape There were a lot of berries. I was still surprised where strawberries came from in the forest, and weaving, probably a whole one berry. A friend then said that this is a wild strawberry and it often comes across in the forests

Gardeners-gardeners in this respect can say that, in fact, both strawberries and victoria are garden strawberries. That is, what is popularly called strawberries or victoria, most often, is actually garden strawberries.

From the history of strawberries: garden strawberries, first imported from America, were strawberries of the Victoria variety. When they were interested in what kind of berry it was, they answered: Victoria. Hence the common name for the berries of garden strawberries Victoriaquot ;.

strawberries is a genus that includes many plant species:

• wild strawberry ( wild strawberry , strawberry green, wild strawberry, musky strawberry

I call strawberry a small meadow berry that grows in the sun in the grass (I picked it myself). It is larger than wild strawberry, but its stalk sits very firmly if the berry is not ripe), in contrast to wild strawberries, in which the stalk easily flies off. The taste of strawberries differs from strawberries, it is more aromatic and does not have bitterness. Previously, garden strawberries were also common, but they are less productive, since the berries are smaller. In the 1980s and 1990s, it was developed the new kind berries - zemklunika- a hybrid of strawberries and strawberries. Zemklunika combines the aroma of strawberries and the yield of strawberries.

Musky strawberry (true strawberry)



strawberries



Garden strawberry



In our area, a large garden berry called Victoria. In the western regions of Russia, for example, in Veliky Novgorod, it is also called strawberry. When you say I collected Victoriaquot ;, people are completely bewildered.

In fact, there was some confusion when the name of the variety changed place with the name of the species.

There are several types of strawberries, among which there are forest and large-fruited garden strawberries, one of the varieties of which was called Victoria. According to him, they began to call Victoria all large-fruited garden strawberries.

And strawberries are a medium-sized meadow berry, in which the fruit is very firmly attached to the stalk. It is very fragrant and tasty even in an unripe form, white and pink. But the berry is fruitless. quite difficult to assemble.

In fact, strawberries are garden strawberries. And Victoria is a variety of English garden strawberries, brought back in the 18th century from England and named, as you might guess, in honor of the Queen of England.

After a wide variety of varieties of garden strawberries appeared, e (garden strawberries) began to be called strawberries.

Victoria has smaller berries compared to modern varieties of strawberriesquot ;. She's not that productive. Peduncles in Victoria are located above the leaves, and significantly. If you look closely at the leaves of Victoria, you will notice that they have a strong dissection.

On the this moment strawberries (garden strawberries) other, more productive varieties, usually inhabits the beds of summer residents and gardeners.

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More than 200 years ago, large-fruited garden strawberries imported from Europe began to be called Victoria. Prior to this event, local real strawberries were widespread everywhere, but over time, she had to give up not only her place in the beds, but also the name itself - "strawberry".

It is difficult to say whether the brought one was called Victoria dutch variety, or they began to call the new strawberry that way for some other reason, but for a long time this name became common for garden strawberries in general. With the advent of new varieties and the development scientific approach to gardening Victoria strawberries began to be called less often, and today this word is rarely found in its former meaning.

Sometimes you can see data on the Victoria strawberry variety, although it does not appear on the lists of officially patented varieties. Usually in reviews it is characterized as a strawberry with a taste familiar from childhood. Most likely, the same played a role here. old tradition to call any variety of strawberry Victoria, because even 30 years ago such a phenomenon was not uncommon in our country. In fact, there is no such variety, except for possible amateur developments.

Varieties Queen Victoria - no

Another rather interesting misconception is the search for the Queen Victoria variety. In this case, blurry data about the Queen Elizabeth strawberry, a very popular variety with an incompletely defined origin, are superimposed on all the above prerequisites. Additional confusion arises from the British monarchical dynasty, whose famous representatives include both Victoria and Elizabeth.

Of course, when buying Queen Victoria strawberries, you won’t be able to buy anything but a pig in a poke. At best, it will still be the same Elizabeth, if the seller is not trying to deceive you, but only he himself does not fully understand the names of the varieties.

The Victoria Berry was named after Her Majesty the Queen. It is considered the first strawberry that settled in gardens and orchards. Its fruits are unusually fragrant and tasty. Strawberry Victoria is a berry that contains a lot of nutrients.

Doctors' opinions

Some experts claim that this berry strengthens the immune system and the walls of blood vessels. They give it antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, the ability to suppress and prevent the flu from developing. The iodine present in it only increases its value. Strawberry Victoria is a berry that can lower sugar, and therefore everyone can eat it. But if you eat too much at one time, an allergic reaction may occur. Because of this, it is given to children in small quantities. By nature, it is endowed with a diuretic property. Soothes the liver, and the content of salicylic acid in it has a beneficial effect on the joints. It is recommended for anemia to compensate for iron deficiency. Therefore, doctors advise eating these berries and stocking up on vitamins for the winter.

Place to land

Land for planting is prepared in autumn or mid-June. The place is selected sunny, even. The site should be blown by the wind, but not much. Otherwise, in winter, the snow will not cover the bushes, and they will freeze. The beds should be located from north to south or from south to north, whichever is more convenient for you. Strawberry Victoria is an undemanding berry, but some technologies must be observed when planting it. Land preparation includes digging and forming a ridge with fertilizer application. Fertilizers are: ammonium nitrate- 20 g, potassium chloride - 20 g, superphosphate - 25 g, humus - 6 kg. All this is evenly placed on one meter of the earth. If availability ground water close to the surface, the ridge should be high, otherwise the roots of the plant may rot. In the absence of groundwater - low. Planting Victoria is a painstaking task that requires accuracy. Bushes should be placed strictly in a row with a distance of half a meter between them. Such a distance is advantageous in that if one bush is affected by a disease, the others will not become infected, and wind blowing is maintained. Bushes are planted twice a year: in spring and at the end of summer.

seedling material

Seedling material can be acquired in the nursery. It will give full information about the selected variety and its features. But if a berry is already growing on the site, you can plant it yourself. Strawberry Victoria gives a large number of processes. These processes are called mustaches. For seedlings, take the first mustache from the mother bush. The process is a rosette with a developed and rooted root system. It is better to take mustaches from bushes that are already two years old. Such plants perfectly combine the development of further roots and fruiting, which is difficult for peers. Dig up a young bush carefully so as not to damage the roots. It is better to dig the whole clod of earth around the roots. Plant immediately, in a prepared and moistened hole. At the end of the work, the beds are watered.

Strawberry Victoria is an unpretentious berry. With minimal care, he pays with great gratitude. Twice a year it is covered with mulch, before flowering and after harvest. They feed the same number of times, it is possible to combine these works. When the roots are exposed or in very dry weather, the soil around the bushes is loosened. In case of severe drought, regular watering is necessary.

Both types of berries have a very fragrant and tasty fruit, and their yield is average. And since the 19th century, strawberries are actually called varieties that bear fruit all summer, and Victoria is an ordinary large-fruited strawberry that bears fruit every summer period, in May - June.

After the discovery of America, several types of local types of strawberries were delivered to Europe, where, through random mixing and cross-pollination of two types - Virginian and Chilean - they got the original varieties of large-fruited strawberries. Berries from crossing received the name pineapple strawberry - Fragaria ananassa.

The first variety from pollination was "Victoria". The variety was noticed in Russia, and it became extremely popular, pushing real strawberries and wild strawberries to the backyard. The name "Victoria" then spread to all types and varieties, both strawberries and strawberries. "Victoria" - this variety of strawberries, named after the British Queen and the first of those brought to Russian empire at the end of the 18th century. Some summer residents call the strawberry bush Victoria, a similar variety is no longer available. The common name for large garden strawberries is now “Victoria”. This name has survived to this day, in most of the regions of the Russian Federation, this is the Volga region with the Urals, and almost all of Siberia, it calls strawberries - Victoria.

Victoria berry is a perennial semi-shrub with wintering leaves growing in a spiral around the stem; wintering buds, leafy, and with flowers are located on the stem of the Victoria berry bush. The Victoria berry propagates vegetatively with the help of green cords, on which, at certain intervals, the kidneys are located. In contact with the soil, roots are formed there, leaves develop, after a year they are completely independent plants. The Victoria bush normally bears fruit only for the first 3-5 years, after which the bush accumulates a huge number of rot, mold, nematodes, mites, the crop falls, the planting must be transferred to another place.

The Victoria berry bears fruit once a year. From the end of May nights to mid-August dawns, the moment when picking can begin, depending on the variety. The time of the collection itself can be from 1 to 3 weeks, the further south, the longer.

Victoria berries are a false fruit-berry, since its real fruits are nuts, pressed into the juicy pulp of an overgrown receptacle. The diameter of some Victoria berries can reach 11 centimeters, and weight up to 120 grams, but this a rarity, most often the berries are small, of varying degrees of aromaticity and sweetness. The colors of the berry can vary from pale pinkish-reddish to rich scarlet and carmine-bloody, and the flesh itself is a delicate pinkish hue.

Berries at Victoria contain different kinds sugar, pectin, trace elements, vitamins, P-active substances than richer color the more nutrients.

One of the most valuable natural compounds contained in berries is folic acid, which Victoria has more than in grapes and raspberries! And also coumarins, easily digestible compounds of iron, cobalt, manganese, vitamin K.

Victoria berries are consumed both fresh and processed, even for wine. They can alleviate many ailments, and the juice and pulp of berries are used as cosmetic product for the skin of the face and neck.

Features of landing, care and protection of Victoria

The best soils for planting Victoria bushes are recognized as slightly acidic sandy loams and loams, both serozems and chernozems. Bushes should not grow in lowlands and on steep hillocks, and there should not be high water standing (then only ridges).

Victoria is planted in the summer and early autumn no deeper than the bushes grew before. The types of planting are varied, the main ones are two-line-summer, solid (carpet). The first is 20 cm between Victoria bushes in a line, 33-35 cm in a ribbon and 70-90 cm between ribbons. The second type is an extensive method, when the bushes are planted from each other from 30 cm, and their mustaches then fill almost all the empty space.

Watering is rare, but plentiful. Victoria is watered four times:

• before flowering;
• immediately after flowering;
• when pouring berries;
• after the first frost in autumn.

Top dressing:

• in spring, before flowering, sprinkle a bucket of humus with a glass of ash for each near Victoria bushes square meter landings;
• at the beginning of flowering, treat with a store-bought mixture of fertilizers with microelements, for berries, according to the leaf, strictly following the instructions;
• repeat the processing when pouring berries, but choose the mixture so that it contributes to this (“for the ovary”, “berry” and others);
• after picking the berries, carry out a subcork with potassium and phosphorus at a rate of 30-45 K, 35-45 R, apply dry under surface loosening, and then water.

Victoria is sick with diseases:

• gray fruit rot;
• verticillosis (wilt);
• powdery mildew.

Harmful species such as nematodes, beetles, mites, flower beetles, slugs.

Victoria must be protected as soon as manifestations of diseases and pests are noticed. But since children can eat its fruits, preference in the fight against various misfortunes should be given to biological and mechanical methods.

Most famous varieties: Zenga-Zengana, Festival, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Lvovskaya, Talisman, Source. In general, there are extremely many varieties of berries, listing them is extremely problematic. In general, Victoria is tenacious and rarely freezes out. But only if a set of care measures is observed, it can give not only a large, but also a tasty harvest!

And Victoria - many gardeners very often get confused in these names. Looking ahead, it should be said that in most cases this is what they call large-fruited strawberries. So, where did these names come from and how to properly call these berries, this will be discussed below.

Strawberry - genus herbaceous plants, which includes both wild-growing species: meadow strawberries and wild strawberries, as well as cultivated ones. For example, pineapple strawberries. It is characterized by complex trifoliate leaves and shoots spreading in different directions, which have the ability to take root easily.

Strawberry flowers are bisexual. root system fibrous, located at a depth of no more than 20-25 cm. The fruits are complex, represented by false berries. The seeds are quite small, located on the surface of the berry. The flowering period is at the end of May. Fruiting begins in July.

Strawberry is the collective name of several related species. Most often, this is what the common people call large-fruited strawberries obtained by crossing two wild species- Chilean and virgin strawberries. The word "" itself comes from the old Russian "club", which means twisted, round. Also, strawberries are often referred to as green strawberries. It grows in abundance in meadows and forest edges.

Victoria is one of the first varieties of garden large-fruited strawberries. It was first brought to Russia in the 18th century.

It is a varietal variety of pineapple strawberry, which is widely grown as a fruit crop.

The name "Victoria" stuck very firmly to strawberries. It happened for one simple reason. When this culture was first brought into the territory of Russia, there was only one variety of it, Victoria. And when someone asked what kind of newfangled berry it was, they answered that it was “Victoria”. Since then, this confusion has gone on, the name of the species has changed with the name of the variety.

The main differences between strawberries and victoria

For greater clarity, you can consider the main differences between strawberries and Victoria. So the quiz:

Strawberry:

• It has dioecious plants. That is, on one bush there are only female flowers, and on the other only male ones. Therefore, when growing it, it is necessary to plant at least a quarter of male plants that will act as pollinators.
• Uneven color of berries. With sunny side reddish purple, with shaded pink or white.
• The weight of the berries does not exceed a few grams.
• Low yields. This is due to those present in the garden male plants and smaller berries.
• Harvested only once.

It is these facts that will help to understand the berries.

Achievement of selection - earthworm

Selection berry crops does not stand still. And as a result of crossing two closely related species of garden strawberry and nutmeg strawberry, a completely new culture was obtained - earthworm. It is characterized by tall and well-developed bushes and flower stalks rising above the leaves, which, even when loaded with berries, remain upright.

Zemklunika has almost 100% tying. Almost every one of her flowers turns into a berry. have a rich red color with a slight purple shades. Their pulp is dense with a light nutmeg aroma, the taste is somewhat reminiscent of wild strawberries.

The use of strawberries is universal. They are equally good as fresh as well as for processing. When cooked, they retain their shape well, practically without being boiled. The ripening period of berries falls on the end of June beginning of July.

While watching the video, you will learn about growing strawberries.

From all the above differences, one can make following output. Victoria is an old variety of large-fruited garden strawberries, which are most often sold on the market under the guise of strawberries. At the moment, a lot of other more promising and productive varieties of this crop have already been bred. And the name Victoria has simply become synonymous with the species.

Attention, super FLY!