Experiments during the Second World War. Ahnenerbe: Secret Institute of Occult Sciences, Supersoldiers and Zombies of the Third Reich
Serial killers and other maniacs in most cases are inventions of the imagination of screenwriters and directors. But the Third Reich did not like to strain its imagination. Therefore, the Nazis really warmed up on living people.
The terrible experiments of scientists on humanity, ending in death, are far from fiction. This real events which took place during the Second World War. Why not remember them? Moreover, today is Friday the 13th.
Pressure
German physician Sigmund Rascher was too concerned about the problems that Third Reich pilots could have at an altitude of 20 kilometers. Therefore, as the chief physician at the Dachau concentration camp, he created special pressure chambers in which he placed prisoners and experimented with pressure.
After this, the scientist opened the skulls of the victims and examined their brains. 200 people took part in this experiment. 80 died on the surgical table, the rest were shot.
White phosphorus
From November 1941 to January 1944, drugs that could treat white phosphorus burns were tested on the human body in Buchenwald. It is not known whether the Nazis managed to invent a panacea. But, believe me, these experiments took away plenty of prisoners’ lives.
The food in Buchenwald was not the best. This was especially felt from December 1943 to October 1944. The Nazis mixed various poisons into prisoners' food and then studied their effects on the human body. Often such experiments ended with the immediate dissection of the victim after eating. And in September 1944, the Germans got tired of messing around with experimental subjects. Therefore, all participants in the experiment were shot.
Sterilization
Carl Clauberg was a German doctor who became famous for sterilization during World War II. From March 1941 to January 1945, the scientist tried to find a way to make millions of people infertile in the shortest possible time.
Clauberg succeeded: the doctor injected prisoners of Auschwitz, Revensbrück and other concentration camps with iodine and silver nitrate. Although such injections had a lot of side effects (bleeding, pain and cancer), they successfully sterilized the person.
But Clauberg’s favorite was radiation exposure: a person was invited to a special chamber with a chair, sitting on which he filled out questionnaires. And then the victim simply left, not suspecting that she would never be able to have children again. Often such exposures resulted in serious radiation burns.
Sea water
During World War II, the Nazis once again confirmed that sea water is undrinkable. On the territory of the Dachau concentration camp (Germany), the Austrian doctor Hans Eppinger and professor Wilhelm Beiglbeck in July 1944 decided to check how long 90 gypsies could live without water. The victims of the experiment were so dehydrated that they even licked the recently washed floor.
Sulfanilamide
Sulfanilamide is a synthetic antimicrobial agent. From July 1942 to September 1943, the Nazis, led by the German professor Gebhard, tried to determine the effectiveness of the drug in the treatment of streptococcus, tetanus and anaerobic gangrene. Who do you think they infected to conduct such experiments?
Mustard gas
Doctors will not find a way to cure a person from a burn with mustard gas if at least one victim of this does not come to their table. chemical weapons. Why look for someone if you can poison and train on prisoners from the German concentration camp of Sachsenhausen? This is what the minds of the Reich were doing throughout the Second World War.
Malaria
SS Hauptsturmführer and MD Kurt Plötner still could not find a cure for malaria. The scientist was not even helped by the thousand prisoners from Dachau who were forced to take part in his experiments. Victims were infected through the bites of infected mosquitoes and treated with various drugs. More than half of the test subjects did not survive.
On August 20, 1947, the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg made a decision in the “Doctors’ Case”: 16 out of 23 people were found guilty, seven of them were sentenced to death penalty. The indictment alleges “crimes that included murder, atrocities, cruelty, torture and other inhumane acts.” The author of the Fleming project, Anastasia Spirina, sorted through the SS archives and why exactly the Nazi doctors were convicted.
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Auschwitz concentration campFrom a letter from former prisoner W. Kling dated April 4, 1947 to Fraulein Frohwein, sister of SS Obersturmführer Ernst Frohwein, who from July 1942 to March 1943. was the deputy first camp doctor in the Saxenhausen concentration camp, and later - SS Hauptsturmführer and adjutant to the imperial medical leader Conti (hereinafter in italics excerpts from the book “SS in Action”):
“The fact that my brother was an SS man is not his fault, he was dragged in. He was a good German and wanted to do his duty. But he could never consider it his duty to participate in these crimes, which we only learned about now.”
I believe in the sincerity of your horror and in the no less sincerity of your indignation. From the point of view of real facts, it should be stated: it is undoubtedly true that your brother from the Hitler Youth organization, in which he was an activist, was “drawn” into the SS. The assertion of his “innocence” would only be true if it happened against his will. But this, of course, was not the case. Your brother was a “National Socialist”. Subjectively, he was not an opportunist, but, on the contrary, he was convinced, of course, of the correctness of his ideas and actions. He thought and acted the way hundreds of thousands of people of his generation and origin thought and acted in Germany.”…” He was a good surgeon and loved his specialty. He also possessed a quality that in Germany - because of its rarity among those who wore the uniform - was called “civic courage.” “...”
I read in his eyes and heard from his lips that the impression these people made on him had at first dismayed him. All of them were more intelligent, treated each other more comradely, often in terribly difficult situations they showed themselves to be more courageous than the drunkards around him - the SS men. “...” In the prisoner he saw - “privately” - “a good fellow.”...” It was clear that beyond this point, the SS officer Frohwein, devoted to his “Führer” and his leaders, would throw away delicacy. Here a split consciousness occurred...”
Whoever put on the SS uniform was registered as a criminal. He hid and stifled everything human that once was in him. For Obersturmführer Frohwein, this unpleasant side of his activity was precisely his “duty.” This was the duty of not only the “good”, but also the “best” German, for the latter was a member of the SS.
From a letter from V. Kling
Fighting infectious diseases
Since experiments on animals do not provide the opportunity to obtain enough full assessment, experiments must be conducted on humans.
In October 1941, block 46 was created in Buchenwald with the name “Typhus Test Station. Department for the Study of Typhus and Viruses" under the direction of the Institute of Hygiene of the SS Troops in Berlin. In the period from 1942 to 1945. More than 1,000 prisoners were used for these experiments, not only from the Buchenwald camp, but also from other places. Before arriving at Unit 46, no one knew that they would become test subjects. Selection for experiments was carried out according to an application sent to the camp commandant’s office, and execution was transferred to the camp doctor.
Block 46 was not only a place for conducting experiments, but also, in fact, a factory for the production of vaccines against typhoid and typhus. Bacterial cultures were needed to make vaccines against typhus. However, this was not absolutely necessary, since in institutes such experiments are carried out without growing the bacterial cultures themselves (researchers find typhoid patients from whom they can take blood for research). It was completely different here. In order to keep the bacteria in an active state, in order to constantly have a biological poison for subsequent injections, rickettsia cultures were transferred from a patient to a healthy one by intravenous injections of infected blood. Thus twelve were preserved there different cultures bacteria designated initial letters Boo - Buchenwald, and go from “Buchenwald 1” to “Buchenwald 12”. Every month, four to six people were infected in this way, and most of them died as a result of this infection.
The vaccines used by the German army were not only produced in Block 46, but were obtained from Italy, Denmark, Romania, France and Poland. Healthy prisoners whose physical condition is special food brought to the physical level of a Wehrmacht soldier, they were used to determine the effectiveness of various typhus vaccines. All experimental subjects were divided into control and experimental objects. Experimental subjects received vaccinations, but control subjects, on the contrary, did not receive vaccinations. Then all objects in the corresponding experiment were subjected to the introduction of typhoid bacilli in various ways: they were injected subcutaneously, intramuscularly, intravenously and by scarification. The infectious dose that could cause the development of infection in the experimental subject was determined.
In block 46 there were large boards where tables were kept on which the results of a series of experiments with various vaccines were entered and temperature curves on which it was possible to trace how the disease developed and how much the vaccine could restrain its development. A medical history was made for each person.
After fourteen days (the maximum incubation period), people in the control group died. Prisoners who received various preventative vaccinations died in different deadlines depending on the quality of the vaccines themselves. As soon as the experiment could be considered completed, the survivors, in accordance with the tradition of block 46, were liquidated in the usual way of liquidation in the Buchenwald camp - by injecting 10 cm³ of phenol into the heart area.
In Auschwitz, experiments were conducted to determine the existence of natural immunity against tuberculosis, the development of vaccines, and chemoprophylaxis with drugs such as nitroacridine and rutenol (a combination of the first drug with potent arsenic acid) was practiced. A method such as creating an artificial pneumothorax was tried. In Neuegamma, a certain Dr. Kurt Heismeier sought to disprove that tuberculosis was an infectious disease, arguing that only the “emaciated” body was susceptible to such infection and that the “racially inferior body of the Jews” was most susceptible. Two hundred subjects were injected with live mycobacterium tuberculosis into the lungs, and twenty Jewish children infected with tuberculosis had their axillary tissues removed. The lymph nodes for histological examination, which left disfiguring scars.
The Nazis solved the problem of tuberculosis epidemics radically: from May 1942 to January 1944. all Poles who were found to have open and incurable diseases, by decision official commission, forms of tuberculosis, were isolated or killed under the pretext of protecting the health of Germans in Poland.
From approximately February 1942 to April 1945. At Dachau, malaria treatments were studied on more than 1,000 prisoners. Healthy prisoners in special quarters were subjected to bites from infected mosquitoes or injections of mosquito salivary gland extract. Dr. Klaus Schilling hoped to create a vaccine against malaria in this way. The antiprotozoal drug akrikhin was studied.
Similar experiments were carried out with other infectious diseases, such as yellow fever (in Sachsenhausen), smallpox, paratyphoid A and B, cholera and diphtheria.
Industrial concerns of that time took an active part in the experiments. Of these, the German concern IG Farben (one of whose subsidiaries is the current pharmaceutical company Bayer) played a special role. Scientific representatives of this concern traveled to concentration camps to test the effectiveness of new types of their products. During the war, IG Farben also produced tabun, sarin and Zyklon B, which was mainly (about 95%) used for disinfestation purposes (elimination of lice - carriers of many infectious diseases, such as typhus), but this did not prevent it from being used for extermination in gas chambers.
To help the military
People who still reject these experiments on people,
preferring that because of this the valiant German soldiers
were dying from the effects of hypothermia, I consider them to be traitors and traitors to the state, and I will not stop before naming the names of these gentlemen in the appropriate authorities.
Reichsführer SS G. Himmler
Experiments for the air force began in May 1941 at Dachau under the auspices of Heinrich Himmler. Nazi doctors believed “ military necessity” sufficient reason for monstrous experiments. They justified their actions by saying that the prisoners were sentenced to death anyway.
The experiments were supervised by Dr. Sigmund Rascher.
During an experiment in a pressure chamber, a prisoner loses consciousness and then dies. Dachau, Germany, 1942
In the first series of experiments, changes occurring in the body under the influence of low and high atmospheric pressure were studied on two hundred prisoners. Using a pressure chamber, scientists simulated the conditions (temperature and nominal pressure) in which the pilot finds himself when the cabin depressurizes at altitudes of up to 20,000 m. Then, an autopsy of the victims was carried out, during which it was discovered that with a sharp decrease in pressure in the pilot’s cabin, nitrogen dissolved in the tissues began to be released into blood in the form air bubbles. This led to blockage of blood vessels in various organs and the development of decompression sickness.
In August 1942, hypothermia experiments began, prompted by the question of rescuing pilots shot down by enemy fire in the icy waters of the North Sea. The experimental subjects (about three hundred people) were placed in water with a temperature of +2° to +12°С, wearing a full set of winter and summer pilot equipment. In one series of experiments, the occipital region (the projection of the brain stem where the vital centers are located) was out of water, while in another series of experiments the occipital region was immersed in water. Electrically The temperature in the stomach and rectum was measured. Deaths occurred only if the occipital region was exposed to hypothermia along with the body. When the body temperature during these experiments reached 25°C, the experimental subject inevitably died, despite all attempts at rescue.
The question also arose about the best method of rescuing hypothermic victims. Several methods have been tried: heating with lamps, irrigation of the stomach, bladder and intestines hot water etc. The best way turned out to be placing the victim in a hot bath. Experiments were carried out in the following way: 30 undressed people were outdoors for 9-14 hours until their body temperature reached 27-29°C. They were then placed in a hot bath and, despite partially frostbitten hands and feet, the patient was completely warmed up within no more than one hour. There were no deaths in this series of experiments.
A victim of a Nazi medical experiment is immersed in icy water at the Dachau concentration camp. Dr. Rasher oversees the experiment. Germany, 1942
There was also interest in the method of warming with animal heat (the warmth of animals or humans). Test subjects were hypothermic in cold water different temperatures (from +4 to +9°С). Removal from water was carried out when body temperature dropped to 30°C. At this temperature, subjects were always unconscious. A group of test subjects were placed in bed between two naked women, who had to press as closely as possible to the chilled person. The three faces were then covered with blankets. It turned out that warming with animal heat proceeded very slowly, but the return of consciousness occurred earlier than with other methods. Once they regained consciousness, people no longer lost it, but quickly learned their position and pressed themselves closely to the naked women. Experimental subjects whose physical condition allowed sexual contact warmed up noticeably faster; this result can be compared with warming in hot bath. It was concluded that warming severely cold people with animal heat can only be recommended in cases in which no other warming options are available, as well as for weak individuals who do not tolerate massive heat supply, for example, for infants, who are better They are generally warmed up near the mother’s body, supplemented with warming bottles. Rascher presented the results of his experiments in 1942 at the conference “Medical problems arising at sea and in winter.”
The results obtained during the experiments remain in demand, since repetition of these experiments is impossible in our time. Dr. John Hayward, an expert on hypothermia, stated: “I do not want to use these results, but there are no others and there will be no others in the ethical world.” Hayward himself conducted experiments on volunteers for several years, but he never allowed the body temperature of the participants to drop below 32.2 ° C. Experiments by Nazi doctors made it possible to achieve a figure of 26.5°C and lower.
From July to September 1944, experiments were carried out on 90 Gypsy prisoners to develop methods for desalinating sea water, led by Dr. Hans Eppinger. The subjects were deprived of all food and were given only chemically treated seawater according to Eppinger's own method. The experiments caused severe dehydration and subsequently organ failure and death within 6-12 days. The gypsies were so deeply dehydrated that some of them licked the floors after they had been washed to get even a drop of fresh water.
When Himmler discovered that the cause of death for most SS soldiers on the battlefield was blood loss, he ordered Dr. Rascher to develop a blood coagulant to be administered to German soldiers before they went to war. At Dachau, Rascher tested his patented coagulant by observing the speed of drops of blood oozing from amputation stumps in living and conscious prisoners.
In addition, an effective and quick method of individually killing prisoners was developed. At the beginning of 1942, the Germans conducted experiments injecting air into veins with a syringe. They wanted to determine how many compressed air could be injected into the blood without causing embolism. Intravenous injections of oil, phenol, chloroform, gasoline, cyanide and hydrogen peroxide were also used. It was later discovered that death occurred faster if phenol was injected into the heart area.
December 1943 and September-October 1944 were distinguished by conducting experiments to study the influence of various poisons. At Buchenwald, poisons were added to prisoners' food, noodles or soup, and the development of a poisoning clinic was observed. In Sachsenhausen, experiments were carried out on five death row prisoners with 7.65 mm bullets filled with aconitine nitrate in crystalline form. Each of the test subjects was shot in the top part left thigh. Death occurred 120 minutes after the shot.
Photo of a phosphorus burn
The phosphorus-rubber incendiary bombs dropped on Germany caused burns to civilians and soldiers, the wounds from which did not heal well. For this reason, from November 1943 to January 1944, experiments were carried out to test the effectiveness of pharmaceutical drugs in the treatment of phosphorus burns, which were supposed to make them easier to scar. To do this, the experimental subjects were artificially burned with a phosphorus mass, which was taken from an English incendiary bomb found near Leipzig.
Between September 1939 and April 1945, in different time, in Sachsenhaus, Natzweiler and other concentration camps, experiments were carried out to study the most effective treatment wounds caused by mustard gas, also known as mustard gas.
In 1932, IG Farben was tasked with finding a dye (one of the main products produced by the conglomerate) that could act as an antibacterial drug. Such a drug was found - prontosil, the first of the sulfonamides and the first antimicrobial drug before the era of antibiotics. Subsequently, it was tested in experiments by the director of the Bayer Institute of Pathology and Bacteriology, Gerhard Domagk, who in 1939 received Nobel Prize in the field of physiology and medicine.
Photograph of the scarred leg of Ravensbrück survivor and Polish political prisoner Helena Hegier, who was subjected to medical experiments in 1942.
The effectiveness of sulfonamides and other drugs as a treatment for infected wounds in humans was tested from July 1942 to September 1943 in the Ravensbrück women's concentration camp. The wounds deliberately inflicted on the experimental subjects were infected with bacteria: streptococci, causative agents of gas gangrene and tetanus. To avoid the spread of infection, blood vessels were ligated from both edges of the wound. To simulate wounds resulting from combat, Dr. Herta Oberhäuser placed experimental subjects into the wounds wood shavings, dirt, rusty nails, glass fragments, which significantly worsened the course of the wound and its healing.
Ravensbrück also carried out a series of experiments on bone transplants, muscle and nerve regeneration, and futile attempts to transplant limbs and organs from one victim to another.
The SS doctors we knew were executioners who discredited the medical profession to the point of impossibility. All of them were cynical murderers of a huge mass of people. Rewards and promotions were made depending on the number of their victims. There is not a single SS doctor who, while working in concentration camps, received his awards for his actual medical activities.
From a letter from V. Kling
Who the hell led or seduced whom? “Fuhrer”, the devil or some kind of god?
Is it true that “outside” no one knew about these crimes inside and outside the walls of the camps? The unassuming truth is that millions of Germans, fathers and mothers, sons and sisters, saw nothing criminal in these crimes. Millions of others understood this quite clearly, but pretended not to know anything,
and they succeeded in this miracle. Those same millions are now horrified by the murderer of four million, [Rudolf] Hess, who calmly declared before the court that he would have killed his closest relatives in the gas chamber if he had been ordered to do so.
From a letter from V. Kling
Sigmund Rascher was captured in 1944 on charges of deceiving the German nation and transported to Buchenwald, from where he was later transferred to Dachau. There he was shot in the back of the head by an unknown person a day before the camp was liberated by the Allies.
Hertha Oberhauer was tried at Nuremberg and sentenced to 12 years in prison for crimes against humanity and war crimes.
Hans Epinger committed suicide a month before the Nuremberg trials.
WriteAuschwitz prisoners were released four months before the end of World War II. By that time there were few of them left. Almost one and a half million people died, most of them Jews. For several years, the investigation continued, which led to terrible discoveries: people not only died in gas chambers, but also became victims of Dr. Mengele, who used them as guinea pigs.
Auschwitz: the story of a city
A small Polish town in which more than a million innocent people were killed is called Auschwitz all over the world. We call it Auschwitz. Concentration camps, experiments on women and children, gas chambers, torture, executions - all these words have been associated with the name of the city for more than 70 years.
It will sound quite strange in Russian Ich lebe in Auschwitz - “I live in Auschwitz.” Is it possible to live in Auschwitz? They learned about the experiments on women in the concentration camp after the end of the war. Over the years, new facts have been discovered. One is scarier than the other. The truth about the camp called shocked the whole world. Research continues today. Many books have been written and many films have been made on this topic. Auschwitz has become our symbol of painful, difficult death.
Where did mass murders of children take place and terrible experiments on women? In Which city do millions of people on earth associate with the phrase “death factory”? Auschwitz.
Experiments on people were carried out in a camp located near the city, which today is home to 40 thousand people. This is a calm town with a good climate. Auschwitz was first mentioned in historical documents in the twelfth century. In the 13th century there were already so many Germans here that their language began to prevail over Polish. In the 17th century, the city was captured by the Swedes. In 1918 it became Polish again. 20 years later, a camp was organized here, on the territory of which crimes took place, the likes of which humanity had never known.
Gas chamber or experiment
In the early forties, the answer to the question of where the Auschwitz concentration camp was located was known only to those who were doomed to death. Unless, of course, you take the SS men into account. Some prisoners, fortunately, survived. Later they talked about what happened within the walls of the Auschwitz concentration camp. Experiments on women and children, which were carried out by a man whose name terrified the prisoners, are a terrible truth that not everyone is ready to listen to.
The gas chamber is a terrible invention of the Nazis. But there are worse things. Krystyna Zywulska is one of the few who managed to leave Auschwitz alive. In her book of memoirs, she mentions an incident: a prisoner sentenced to death by Dr. Mengele does not go, but runs into the gas chamber. Because death from poisonous gas is not as terrible as the torment from the experiments of the same Mengele.
Creators of the "death factory"
So what is Auschwitz? This is a camp that was originally intended for political prisoners. The author of the idea is Erich Bach-Zalewski. This man had the rank of SS Gruppenführer, and during the Second World War he led punitive operations. With him light hand Dozens were sentenced to death. He took an active part in suppressing the uprising that took place in Warsaw in 1944.
Assistants to the SS Gruppenführer found appropriate place in a small Polish town. There were already military barracks here, and in addition, there was a well-established railway connection. In 1940, a man named He arrived here. He will be hanged near the gas chambers by decision of the Polish court. But this will happen two years after the end of the war. And then, in 1940, Hess liked these places. He took on the new business with great enthusiasm.
Inhabitants of the concentration camp
This camp did not immediately become a “death factory.” At first, mostly Polish prisoners were sent here. Only a year after the organization of the camp, the tradition of drawing a prisoner on the hand appeared. serial number. Every month more and more Jews were brought. By the end of Auschwitz they made up 90% of total number prisoners. The number of SS men here also grew continuously. In total, the concentration camp received about six thousand overseers, punishers and other “specialists.” Many of them were put on trial. Some disappeared without a trace, including Joseph Mengele, whose experiments terrified prisoners for several years.
We will not give the exact number of Auschwitz victims here. Let's just say that more than two hundred children died in the camp. Most of them were sent to gas chambers. Some ended up in the hands of Josef Mengele. But this man was not the only one who conducted experiments on people. Another so-called doctor is Karl Clauberg.
Beginning in 1943, a huge number of prisoners were admitted to the camp. Most of them should have been destroyed. But the organizers of the concentration camp were practical people, and therefore decided to take advantage of the situation and use a certain part of the prisoners as material for research.
Karl Cauberg
This man supervised the experiments carried out on women. His victims were predominantly Jewish and Gypsy women. The experiments included organ removal, testing new drugs, and radiation. What kind of person is Karl Cauberg? Who is he? What kind of family did you grow up in, how was his life? And most importantly, where did the cruelty that goes beyond human understanding come from?
By the beginning of the war, Karl Cauberg was already 41 years old. In the twenties, he served as chief physician at the clinic at the University of Königsberg. Kaulberg was not a hereditary doctor. He was born into a family of artisans. Why he decided to connect his life with medicine is unknown. But there is evidence that he served as an infantryman in the First World War. Then he graduated from the University of Hamburg. Apparently, he was so fascinated by medicine that he military career he refused. But Kaulberg was not interested in healing, but in research. In the early forties, he began searching for the most practical way to sterilize women who were not of the Aryan race. To conduct experiments he was transferred to Auschwitz.
Kaulberg's experiments
The experiments consisted of introducing a special solution into the uterus, which led to serious disturbances. After the experiment, the reproductive organs were removed and sent to Berlin for further research. There is no data on exactly how many women became victims of this “scientist”. After the end of the war, he was captured, but soon, just seven years later, oddly enough, he was released under an agreement on the exchange of prisoners of war. Returning to Germany, Kaulberg did not suffer from remorse. On the contrary, he was proud of his “achievements in science.” As a result, he began to receive complaints from people who suffered from Nazism. He was arrested again in 1955. He spent even less time in prison this time. He died two years after his arrest.
Joseph Mengele
The prisoners nicknamed this man the “angel of death.” Josef Mengele personally met the trains with new prisoners and carried out the selection. Some were sent to gas chambers. Others go to work. He used others in his experiments. One of the Auschwitz prisoners described this man as follows: “Tall, with a pleasant appearance, he looks like a film actor.” He never raised his voice and spoke politely - and this terrified the prisoners.
From the biography of the Angel of Death
Josef Mengele was the son of a German entrepreneur. After graduating from high school, he studied medicine and anthropology. In the early thirties he joined the Nazi organization, but soon left it for health reasons. In 1932, Mengele joined the SS. During the war he served in the medical forces and even received the Iron Cross for bravery, but was wounded and declared unfit for service. Mengele spent several months in the hospital. After recovery, he was sent to Auschwitz, where he began his scientific activities.
Selection
Selecting victims for experiments was Mengele's favorite pastime. The doctor only needed one glance at the prisoner to determine his state of health. He sent most of the prisoners to gas chambers. And only a few prisoners managed to delay death. It was hard with those whom Mengele saw as “guinea pigs.”
Most likely, this person suffered from an extreme form of mental illness. He even enjoyed the thought that he had a huge number of human lives in his hands. That is why he was always next to the arriving train. Even when this was not required of him. His criminal actions were guided not only by the desire for scientific research, but also a thirst to manage. Just one word from him was enough to send tens or hundreds of people to the gas chambers. Those that were sent to laboratories became material for experiments. But what was the purpose of these experiments?
An invincible belief in the Aryan utopia, obvious mental deviations - these are the components of the personality of Joseph Mengele. All his experiments were aimed at creating a new means that could stop the reproduction of representatives of unwanted peoples. Mengele not only equated himself with God, he placed himself above him.
Joseph Mengele's experiments
The Angel of Death dissected babies and castrated boys and men. He performed the operations without anesthesia. Experiments on women involved high-voltage electric shocks. He conducted these experiments to test endurance. Mengele once sterilized several Polish nuns through x-ray radiation. But the main passion of the “Doctor of Death” was experiments on twins and people with physical defects.
To each his own
On the gates of Auschwitz it was written: Arbeit macht frequency, which means “work liberates.” The words Jedem das Seine were also present here. Translated into Russian - “To each his own.” At the gates of Auschwitz, at the entrance to the camp in which more than a million people died, a saying of the ancient Greek sages appeared. The principle of justice was used by the SS as the motto of the most cruel idea in the entire history of mankind.
We can all agree that the Nazis did terrible things during World War II. The Holocaust was perhaps their most famous crime. But in concentration camps terrible and inhuman things happened that most people did not know about. Prisoners of the camps were used as test subjects in a variety of experiments, which were very painful and usually resulted in death.
Experiments with blood clotting
Dr. Sigmund Rascher conducted blood clotting experiments on prisoners in the Dachau concentration camp. He created a drug, Polygal, which included beets and apple pectin. He believed that these tablets could help stop bleeding from battle wounds or during surgery.Each test subject was given a tablet of this drug and shot in the neck or chest to test its effectiveness. Then the prisoners' limbs were amputated without anesthesia. Dr. Rusher created a company to produce these pills, which also employed prisoners.
Experiments with sulfa drugs
In the Ravensbrück concentration camp, the effectiveness of sulfonamides (or sulfonamide drugs) was tested on prisoners. Subjects were made incisions on outside calves Doctors then rubbed a mixture of bacteria into the open wounds and stitched them up. To simulate combat situations, glass shards were also inserted into the wounds.
However, this method turned out to be too soft compared to the conditions at the fronts. To simulate gunshot wounds, blood vessels were ligated on both sides to stop blood circulation. The prisoners were then given sulfa drugs. Despite the advances made in the scientific and pharmaceutical fields due to these experiments, prisoners suffered terrible pain, which led to severe injury or even death.
Freezing and hypothermia experiments
The German armies were ill-prepared for the cold they faced on Eastern Front and from which thousands of soldiers died. As a result, Dr. Sigmund Rascher conducted experiments in Birkenau, Auschwitz and Dachau to find out two things: the time required for body temperature to drop and death, and methods for reviving frozen people.
Naked prisoners were either placed in a barrel of ice water or forced outside in sub-zero temperatures. Most of the victims died. Those who had just lost consciousness were subjected to painful revival procedures. To revive the subjects, they were placed under sunlight lamps that burned their skin, forced to copulate with women, injected with boiling water, or placed in baths with warm water(which turned out to be the most effective method).
Experiments with incendiary bombs
IN within three For months in 1943 and 1944, Buchenwald prisoners were tested on the effectiveness of pharmaceuticals against phosphorus burns caused by incendiary bombs. The test subjects were specially burned with the phosphorus composition from these bombs, which was a very painful procedure. Prisoners suffered serious injuries during these experiments.Experiments with sea water
Experiments were carried out on prisoners at Dachau to find ways to turn sea water into drinking water. The subjects were divided into four groups, whose members did without water, drank sea water, drank seawater treated according to the Burke method, and drank seawater without salt.
Subjects were given food and drink assigned to their group. Prisoners who received seawater of one kind or another eventually began to suffer from severe diarrhea, convulsions, hallucinations, went crazy and eventually died.
In addition, subjects underwent liver needle biopsies or lumbar punctures to collect data. These procedures were painful and in most cases resulted in death.
Experiments with poisons
At Buchenwald, experiments were conducted on the effects of poisons on people. In 1943, prisoners were secretly injected with poisons.
Some died themselves from poisoned food. Others were killed for the sake of dissection. A year later, prisoners were shot with bullets filled with poison to speed up the collection of data. These test subjects experienced terrible torture.
Experiments with sterilization
As part of the extermination of all non-Aryans, Nazi doctors conducted mass sterilization experiments on prisoners of various concentration camps in search of the least labor-intensive and cheapest method of sterilization.
In one series of experiments to block the fallopian tubes in reproductive organs women were injected with a chemical irritant. Some women have died after this procedure. Other women were killed for autopsies.
In a number of other experiments, prisoners were exposed to strong X-rays, which resulted in severe burns on the abdomen, groin and buttocks. They were also left with incurable ulcers. Some test subjects died.
Experiments on bone, muscle and nerve regeneration and bone transplantation
For about a year, experiments were carried out on prisoners in Ravensbrück to regenerate bones, muscles and nerves. Nerve surgeries involved removing segments of nerves from the lower extremities.
Experiments with bones involved breaking and setting bones in several places on the lower limbs. The fractures were not allowed to heal properly because doctors needed to study the healing process and also test various methods healing.
Doctors also removed many fragments of the tibia from test subjects to study bone tissue regeneration. Bone transplants included transplanting fragments of the left tibia onto the right and vice versa. These experiments caused unbearable pain and severe injuries to the prisoners.
Experiments with typhus
From the end of 1941 to the beginning of 1945, doctors carried out experiments on prisoners of Buchenwald and Natzweiler in the interests of the German armed forces. They tested vaccines against typhus and other diseases.
Approximately 75% of test subjects were injected with trial typhus vaccines or other chemicals. They were injected with the virus. As a result, more than 90% of them died.
The remaining 25% of experimental subjects were injected with the virus without any prior protection. Most of them did not survive. Doctors also conducted experiments related to yellow fever, smallpox, typhoid, and other diseases. Hundreds of prisoners died, and many more suffered unbearable pain as a result.
Twin experiments and genetic experiments
The goal of the Holocaust was the elimination of all people of non-Aryan origin. Jews, blacks, Hispanics, homosexuals and other people who did not meet certain requirements were to be exterminated so that only the "superior" Aryan race remained. Genetic experiments were carried out to provide the Nazi Party with scientific evidence of Aryan superiority.
Dr. Josef Mengele (also known as the "Angel of Death") was greatly interested in twins. He separated them from the rest of the prisoners upon their arrival at Auschwitz. Every day the twins had to donate blood. The actual purpose of this procedure is unknown.
Experiments with twins were extensive. They had to be carefully examined and every inch of their body measured. Comparisons were then made to determine hereditary traits. Sometimes doctors performed massive blood transfusions from one twin to the other.
Since people of Aryan origin mostly had blue eyes, experiments were done with chemical drops or injections into the iris to create them. These procedures were very painful and led to infections and even blindness.
Injections and lumbar punctures were done without anesthesia. One twin was specifically infected with the disease, and the other was not. If one twin died, the other twin was killed and studied for comparison.
Amputations and organ removals were also performed without anesthesia. Most twins who ended up in concentration camps died in one way or another, and their autopsies were the last experiments.
Experiments with high altitudes
From March to August 1942, prisoners of the Dachau concentration camp were used as test subjects in experiments to test human endurance at high altitudes. The results of these experiments were supposed to help the German air force.
The test subjects were placed in a low-pressure chamber in which atmospheric conditions were created at altitudes of up to 21,000 meters. Most of the test subjects died, and the survivors suffered from various injuries from being at high altitudes.
Experiments with malaria
For more than three years, more than 1,000 Dachau prisoners were used in a series of experiments related to the search for a cure for malaria. Healthy prisoners became infected with mosquitoes or extracts from these mosquitoes.
Prisoners who fell ill with malaria were then treated with various drugs to test their effectiveness. Many prisoners died. The surviving prisoners suffered greatly and basically became disabled for the rest of their lives.
Ahnenerbe is a secret institute of occult sciences that united many scientists of Nazi Germany, who, along with the ruling elite of the country, were remembered in history as great villains.
The blood-twisted philosophy of the Second World War, the ruthlessness, and numerous secret projects of an organization with an ominous appearance at the same time bear the stamp of incomprehensible mystery and inexhaustible mystery.
The development of secret superweapons, occult forces, secret underground lairs and the attraction of powerful ancient artifacts - this is the perfect recipe for organizing worldwide villainy. They say that since then, the technique has been declassified, and you will find everything about selling the soul on our website.
There may be more rumors than truth in this matter, but the Nazi ideas that matured in the Ahnenerbe laboratories covered a wide range of activities from the material to the mystical and otherworldly. The Nazis really advanced deeply in scientific research expeditions and collected a huge number of ancient relics.
Fantastic and often completely absurd experiments were rooted so deeply in the dark world of mysticism and occultism that many of them did not become widely known as too ridiculous and incredible.
Hitler, Ahnenerbe, the legacy of our ancestors.
Hitler, and many of the Nazi leaders, had a huge interest in the field of the occult, which is quite well documented. Actually, Nazi Party was originally organized as a cabinet of the occult brethren, until their rise to a destructive political force.
An extremely increased interest in the occult caused the formation of a secret intrigue - the Ahnenerbe Institute. A very real and complete clan of mystics, originally founded on July 1, 1935 by Heinrich Himmler (the notorious SS leader), Hermann Wirth and Darre.
Literally meaning "inherited/heritage from the ancestors", the Ahnenerbe began as an institute dedicated to the study of archaeology, anthropology, and the cultural history of Germanic heritage. In reality, it was much more - a search for evidence of the Nazi theory, according to which the Aryan race is the best creation of God, and is destined to rule the life of the planet!
It was imperative for the Nazi High League to find fundamental evidence to support their twisted ideology. To this end, this shadowy organization finances numerous expeditions and archaeological excavations around the world: Germany, Greece, Poland, Iceland, Romania, Croatia, Africa, Russia, Tibet and many other places in search of the lost secret runes of antiquity.
Artifacts and relics were searched, the ruins of crypts were searched, everything was done in search of ancient scrolls - evidence that could strengthen the claim that the Aryans were the dominant race over all.Tibet carried special significance for Ahnenerbe scientists, because it was believed that it was here that great civilization antiquities. It is in these places that the pure, ideally built Aryan race originates. They became convinced of the idea that their greatest ancestors still lived in these places, hiding in huge underground cities.
The Ahnenerbe is an organization branched from science to the occult, which, given the pedigree of its organizing fathers, is not surprising. Hermann Wirth was a Dutch historian obsessed with the idea. Future SS leader Himmler is well known for his ardent fascination with all things occult to a manically disturbing degree.
In fact, Himmler was something of a madman, caught up in a grandiose desire to one day replace Christian religion one of his own decisions. He was one of the driving forces behind the steady divergence in the Ahnenerbe from its original purpose and increasing role towards the occult. In such a pulsed mode, this sinister organization lived and grew, spreading throughout the world with the tasks of fantastic quests.
Agents of the Ahnenerbe, in search of lost lands and ancient relics, visited remote areas of the world, climbed all the crypts available to them; they were not afraid to disturb the bones of the dead; they searched for mystical texts, magical objects, ancient curiosities, and bizarre paranormal sites, collecting supernatural artifacts of all kinds.
With official Nazi approval, the Ahnenerbe Institute expands to 50 branches, covering everything from long-term weather forecasting, archeology and space flights to investigations of the supernatural. Significantly, the Nazis intensified their operations in search of such legendary miracles as the Holy Grail, the location of Atlantis, the spear of Destiny, with which the Roman warrior Longinus ended the suffering of Christ on the cross.
Groups also searched for various portals to ancient lost lands, including Atlantis, conducting expeditions under the influence of an equally secret organization known as the Thule Society. The mysterious land called "Thule" was also considered the true birthplace of the Aryan race. The discovery of a fantasy land as desired by the Nazis would grant them vast superhuman powers: telekinesis, telepathy and levitation, abilities they had lost through centuries of interbreeding with "inferior races."
The Nazis' manic desire was to create powerful weapons based on the technologies of their ancestors. The idea spread boldly throughout the organization's "scientific" divisions, which actively sought to develop new technologies based on ancient lost or forbidden knowledge, mystical texts, alien technologies, as well as their own secret research.Members of the Ahnenerbe were deeply interested in the possibilities of the occult, magic and psychic powers to use as weapons against their enemies. For this purpose, they opened various projects dedicated to research in this area. They even tried to create assassins who could kill using astral projection.
Among many other strange projects, they wanted to develop the use of magic spells as weapons, and even penetrate through the astral plane into the future - and this was not considered something impossible and prohibitive.
There is much speculation that the organization was very interested in finding and using alien technology to create weapons, allegedly in one of their searches they managed to find a crashed ancient UFO! All this may seem absurd, but in the case of the Nazis this is no joke, some of their projects were too revolutionary. Many Nazi figures in power believed fervently in these many programs and projects, investing a lot of money and manpower.
In the case of the Ahnenerbe and the Nazis in science, we see malicious and sinister human experiments carried out in secret lairs and secret laboratories. This is especially noticeable when the Ahnenerbe became part of the Institut für Wehrwissenschaftliche Zweckforschung (Institute for Military Scientific Research) during World War II, where all the incredible research and development was discovered that began the dark era of horrific experiments on concentration camp prisoners.
Most of these projects had dubious goals and results, but all of them were extremely ruthless in content, demonstrating a lack of respect for human life"not Aryan". In fact, the Nazis did not perceive the prisoners as human beings at all.
Reality Ahnenerbe, Dr. Rascher and his experiments.
One of the most famous examples of the use of the Ahnenerbe is a project to determine the physical limits of pilots who fly increasingly modern Luftwaffe aircraft. A series of experiments was supervised by Ahnenerbe director Wolfram Sievers and the notorious SS doctor Rascher. Concentration camp prisoners, requested for this purpose from Himmler himself, were used in the experiment - since none of the "true Aryans" were crazy enough to be willing to voluntarily participate in such a dangerous experiment.
Rusher had unlimited access to helpless people to use in his crazy experiments. He placed prisoners in portable vacuum chambers reminiscent of medieval torture devices to simulate different altitudes in flight. The pressure in the capsules was simulated at various altitudes during rapid ascents of the aircraft, as well as the state free fall without oxygen in order to analyze the consequences and impact of such situations on the human body.
Most subjects could not withstand inhuman experiments that push people far beyond the physiological limits of the body. I note that Rasher was surprisingly cruel even to those who survived the experiments. When Himmler offered to mitigate the fate of the survivors as payment for their “services,” Rascher refused, saying that all the prisoners were Poles and Russians and therefore did not deserve amnesty or pardon.
Rusher's thirst for human suffering is insatiable, and disgusting experiments come one after another. In one such experiment, more than 300 prisoners were used as test material to find out how long German pilots could survive if they were shot down over cold waters.
Subjects were subjected to freezing naked for 14 hours, or completely immersed in ice water for 3 hours. All this time their condition was carefully monitored. Numerous different methods followed to revive them: scalding hot water baths, or other unconventional methods - they were laid between naked women, who were also taken from concentration camps.
Another experiment was to test a substance called "Polygal" derived from beets and apple pectin. The drug, in capsule form, was expected to quickly stop bleeding, and Rascher saw it as a revolutionary solution for the treatment of gunshot wounds and for use in surgery.
In some cases, subjects had limbs amputated without anesthesia to test Polygal. Rascher was so confident that the drug was ready for production that he even created a company to produce it. And although Polygal never saw mass production, the capsule design led to the invention of the infamous cyanide capsule.
Multiple human experiments have explored possible treatments for deadly diseases caused by biological weapons. At the same time, they were searching for antidotes against a wide range of chemical weapons and poisons: injections exposed unwitting experimental subjects from concentration camps to various pathogens from poisons and deadly chemical substances- so they were looking for an antidote.
But even in death there was no peace for the exhausted martyrs. Many of the dead killed by these cruel experiments became part of a macabre collection of Jewish skeletons that were preserved for use in further research. The fascists from the organization “legacy of ancestors” did not give rest even to lifeless bodies.
Ability to manipulate in some way human body Josef Mengele, a sadistic doctor at the Auschwitz concentration camp, also considered it. Mengele was particularly interested in identical twins, experimenting on hundreds of pairs of young children.
Monstrous experiments on children pursued the following goals: to change eye color, to study the possibilities of a mental connection between twins, for example, one of the twins was deliberately inflicted with pain and suffering, while they coolly observed how the other child felt at that moment.
In laboratories filled with suffering and pain, they arranged to infect one twin with typhoid or malaria, and then performed a blood transfusion from the brother/sister, finding out whether she would treat the infected person.
Numerous experiments have been carried out with the transplantation of body parts from one twin to another, and even attempts have been made to surgically unite twins into Siamese twins.
The ultimate goal of the experiments with twins was also comparative analysis: When one twin eventually died, the other was killed by injection of chloroform. Both bodies will then be dissected with laudatory German precision for careful comparative analysis.
Ahnenerbe: zombies and super-soldiers of Aryan blood.
The Ahnenerbe's use of human experimentation did not stop at finding human limits and limitations. Wandering among living and dead bodies, they searched for a mental connection between the twins, but the Nazis were also consumed by a great desire to improve the human form - to create super-soldiers of a great nation.
Among the methods of achieving the goal, the selective breeding process designed to produce people of “pure Aryan blood”, a project called “Lebensborn“, gained popularity. The project required ideal samples capable of having children without “impurities” in the race, which “contaminated” the human potential of the “superior race”.
The Ahnenerbe seriously believed that work in the field of genetics would help unlock the enormous potential of the mysterious psychic power, supposedly lost due to the "erosion" of their true heritage, which would then give them the opportunity to once again rule the world from the "lower races".
In many cases, those who were considered perfect specimens - according to Nazi criteria - blue eyes, blond hair and Scandinavian features, did not enter the program voluntarily. They were kidnapped or otherwise forced to participate in the project.
However, to achieve the required results, the ambitious project of high goals required many generations of careful selection, so the organization moved towards the goal by a shorter route.
The program, designed to create super-soldiers with enhanced physical capabilities for use on the battlefield without restrictions, included an experimental drug called "D-IX". A wild cocktail of cocaine and a strong stimulant (Pervitin) was mixed with the powerful painkiller eucodal.
The drug was first tested on prisoners in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp, and showed such encouraging results that the developers soon recruited participants from the military environment. Soldiers received the capsules and went on long hikes in harsh terrain in full gear.
And in fact, D-IX showed a dramatic increase in endurance and concentration in the subjects. Soldiers, having taken the drug, freely covered more than 100 km without stopping.
The truth is that the wrong side of the “power” capsule was that long-term use caused addiction to the drug. However, D-IX was a resounding success and was officially used in field conditions starting in March 1944, albeit in a limited dosage.
Ahnenerbe: resurrect Hitler?
While D-IX, as well as its more advanced combat stimulants, do in fact exist, more mysterious things actually exist. Some conspiracy theories believe that the Nazis worked to bring the dead back to life using unknown means brought from Tibet and Africa.
An interesting incident related to this case was made in April 1945, when Allied forces captured the Bernterode military plant, located in the German region of Thuringia. When American intelligence officers investigated a tunnel inside the plant, they discovered a suspicious brickwork, camouflaged as part of a natural rock.
The destruction of the masonry opened the entrance to an underground cave, which, as it turned out, contained huge deposits of stolen art and ancient relics. Many new Nazi uniforms were also kept here. But a more mysterious discovery awaited in the next chamber - four extremely large coffins were discovered here!
One of the coffins (real sarcophagi) contained the remains of the 17th century Prussian king, Frederick the Great, the other Field Marshal von Hindenburg and his wife. The fourth coffin did not contain the body of the owner, but had a plaque engraved with the name of Adolf Hitler.
Although the reasons why these remains were so carefully preserved are unknown, some have speculated that the Nazis had plans to resurrect or clone the deceased into more late time. - At this point, I don’t want to say that the Ahnenerbe literally expected to bring dead leaders back to life, but serious work was being done in the field of cryogenics, which was probably what they planned to do with Hitler’s body.
Much closer to the truth is the persistent rumor among a number of fans of secrets and conspiracy theories that the Ahnenerbe was actively pursuing projects seeking to create mindless zombies in order to send hordes of troops unafraid of injury to the enemy. Moreover, these would not be zombies at all, whose bodies would be raised from the dead.
Everything is much simpler and at the same time more terrible - a special medical procedure designed to destroy the intellect and destroy everything human to the very foundation. This was the recipe for creating tireless super-soldiers in the Reich army.
Yes, the Ahnenerbe really conducted many strange research directions that were extremely important for the “dark” organization. Here, all employees were deeply involved in various projects, research, studies of the occult and the supernatural, medical experiments and the development of secret weapons from the great ancestors. And no one knows for sure what they managed to uncover from the ancient secrets and comprehend from the sphere of the astral world.
With the end of World War II, the mysterious Ahnenerbe “dissolved” and disappeared. It is believed that most of The data, documents, ancient texts and artifacts that the organization had collected over the years were destroyed or stolen by intelligence agencies.
In the absence of real evidence, it is impossible to fully illuminate the extent of their success in obtaining ancient relics and artifacts, so we are left with a lot of speculation and rumors regarding the dark legend of the Ahnenerbe.