Alphabet in order. Numbers of letters of the alphabet
S. Drugoveyko-Dolzhanskaya
It seems that any first grader can give a competent answer to this question: of course, the alphabetical list “from A to Z” contains exactly 33 letters. However, what is an indisputable, "alphabetical" truth, an axiom for a schoolboy, for someone who is able to recall some facts from the history of our language and try to comprehend some trends in its development, becomes just a theory that is not always confirmed by the practice of living use.
Let's start with the fact that in our first alphabet, created by Cyril and Methodius, there were much more letters - according to the manuscripts of the 11th century that have come down to us. The Cyrillic alphabet included 43 characters. For, taking the Greek alphabet as a basis, the first-teacher brothers supplemented it with new letters specifically to convey the specific sounds of Slavic speech by graphic means: for example, Zh, Sh, b, b, “yus big” and “yus small”. However, at the same time, some of the symbols of the Slavic alphabet turned out to be doublets: for example, the letters O transferred by Cyril and Methodius from the Greek alphabet conveyed different sounds of the Greek language, [O] short and [O] long, although these sounds did not differ in Slavic languages. So already at the first stage of the existence of our alphabet, redundant letters appeared in it. one
To designate the same sound "I" in the Cyrillo-Methodius alphabet, there were as many as three graphemes. This was due to the fact that initially in the Russian alphabet they had different numerical meanings: ("And octal", or "like") denoted the number 8; ("And decimal") - the number 10; ("Izhitsa") - the number 400. In addition, Izhitsa once denoted a special version of the "I" sound, close to the German "Ü". Gradually, after the Slavs began to actively use Arabic and Latin numerals, these letters began to be perceived as redundant: the letter "and octal" was most often used, it began to be used mainly before vowels and before Y (such use of this letter was legalized in 1758 Academy of Sciences), Izhitsa - only in a few borrowed Greek words (m ro, from node). Izhitsa was finally excluded from our alphabet only in 1917. However, the letter also had one more role: it served as a semantic grapheme in the words "mir" ("consent, absence of enmity") and "mir" ("universe"). For example, in the title of the novel by L.N. Tolstoy's "War and Peace" the author used an antonymous couple of words. Already after the death of Tolstoy, in 1913, during the next reprint of the novel, an unfortunate typo was made: on the first page of the first volume, "mir" was printed in the title of the work. And although in all other volumes of this edition the title was reproduced correctly, in accordance with the author's will, the typo served as a source for a very common misconception that Tolstoy mentioned the world as the universe in the novel, and not peace as the opposite of war. 2 But with the title of the poem by V.V. Mayakovsky's "War and Peace", which was conceived by the poet as a spelling antithesis to the title of Tolstoy's novel, an incident of the opposite nature occurred - after the letter was excluded from the alphabet, the meaning of the title has to be explained in the comments ...
The struggle with "extra" letters took place throughout the history of Russian spelling: some of them were excluded from the alphabet as a result of the reforms of Peter I (1708-1710) and the Russian Academy of Sciences (1735) (then symbols disappeared from the alphabet, "green" and "yusy"), the other part - during the spelling reform of 1917-1918, when our alphabet lost such letters as, .
However, the historical changes in the “alphabetical truth” were not limited only to the exclusion of symbols that became unnecessary. So, the reform of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1735) added new letters to the alphabet - E and Y (although unofficially "and short" 3 began to be used as early as the 16th-17th centuries). Moreover, the appearance of the first was met very unfriendly. Writer A.P. Sumarokov called this letter a "freak", and M.V. Lomonosov in the "Russian Grammar" did not consider it necessary to include E in the alphabet, justifying his decision in this way:<...>can serve both in the pronoun eto, and in the interjection to her; 2) for foreign pronunciations, inventing new letters is a very unprofitable business<...>; 3) if we invent new letters for foreign pronunciations, then our alphabet will be from Chinese. Indeed, the letter E is used mainly in borrowed words (from Russian only in pronouns and interjections: this, sort of, ehma, evon, ege-ge...). However, it is she who helps us to correctly read such, for example, proper names as Euripides, Euclid, Hermitage, in which the initial [e] is not preceded by [j], but Egypt, Europe - with [e] ioted, whereas before the appearance of E in our alphabet, such a distinction was impossible.
The need to introduce the letter Y into the Slavic alphabet, however, has also been disputed by philologists more than once. So, at the end of the 17th century, the Slovenian scientist Yuri Krizhanich drew attention to the fact that the letters b and y are never used in the same positions: b is possible only after consonants, and y only after vowels. And therefore he suggested using only b and writing end, stop, sing etc. Three centuries later, Roman Yakobson agreed with Krizhanich, in his article “Excessive Letters in Russian Writing” (1962) 4 noting that if Y were replaced by L, the letter Y would also become unnecessary, since the spelling of L’ot would make it possible to read and soft sound [l] and iotized [o] ...
The letter Yo, which became the youngest of the symbols of the Russian alphabet, was officially approved on November 18, 1783 by the decision of the Russian Academy of Sciences, headed by Princess Ekaterina Dashkova. Before that, a digraph was introduced in 1735 to designate stressed [O] after soft consonants, and they wrote, for example, vsiô, sliôzy.
1 This is stated, for example, in the article by D. Yazykov “Remarks on some Russian letters”, where the author, outlining the history of the creation of the Slavic alphabet, remarks: “Giving full justice to the father of our letters<...>, however, it must be admitted that from the Greek alphabet he transferred to ours and such [letters. - S. D-D.], which, by themselves or in combination with others, had different reprimands, but we got the same /, /, and also those that could be composed /, /. This is what made our Slavic spelling remarkably difficult” (Flower Garden, 1809. Part 2, No. 4, p. 55-81) (For more on this, see our article “On the History of the Russian Alphabet”).
2 “In our time, with his desire to revise everything and everything, this version has even become fashionable. No, no, yes, and in the periodical press you will find statements in favor of a "deeper" understanding of Tolstoy's novel.<…>In an article devoted to the new production of Prokofiev's opera "War and Peace" at the Mariinsky Theater, the author remarks, among other things, in parentheses: newspaper”, 2000, No. 12). So it is said: “remember”!” (N.A. Eskova. Popular and entertaining philology. M .: Flinta: Science, 2004).
3 To be more precise, “and with a short one”, since this letter was composed of the letter I and a superscript, called “short”.
4 Selected writing, 1962, I.
But from the official approval of the letter Y to its replication by the printing press, twelve whole years passed - the first book with its use, “And my trinkets” by I.I. Dmitriev, was published only in 1795. But L.N. Tolstoy was less fortunate: due to the unwillingness of the printing house to bother with the production of the letter Y, the author was unable to preserve the correct spelling of the name of the hero of the novel Anna Karenina. Tolstoy called him Levin, using his own name for this, but instead the printing house took on a completely different surname - Levin. To this day, this letter occupies the position of an orphan-foster in the Russian alphabetic family.
According to the Rules of Russian Spelling and Punctuation, Yo is required for use only in the following cases:
1. When it is necessary to prevent incorrect reading and understanding of a word, for example: we learn in contrast to we learn, everything in contrast to everything; bucket as opposed to bucket; perfect (participle) as opposed to perfect (adjective), etc.
2. When it is necessary to indicate the pronunciation of a little-known word, for example: Olekma river.
3. In special texts: primers, school textbooks of the Russian language, orthoepy textbooks, etc., as well as in dictionaries to indicate the place of stress and correct pronunciation.
However, these rules are often ignored by publishers. And try to guess what exactly the creators of such headlines and names had in mind: “Everything for the home”, “Everything for the dacha”, “ We have everything for you», « Everything in the Kremlin is like 100 years ago», « Fighting bulls will be sent to heifers”, Milk “Theme” ... And here is another curiosity associated with the use of the letter Yo - one might say, a curiosity squared. In the final lines of Anna Kuznetsova’s review of Lyudmila Ulitskaya’s novel “Sincerely Yours Shurik”, published in the Neva magazine (2004, No. 10), the following is literally written: “ The unexpectedness that miraculously penetrated this text, ideally protected from artistic infection, is hisshittingdialect. No, no, yes, and you will meet on these pages inexplicable, it is not clear how the single-dimensional typos formed: no matter how many times the Cuban is mentioned in the text, he will be characterized as “dark-skinned”. "Tears" here is written as "tears". There are also such delights as “all other obstacles”, “it’s easy to get up from the table”, pleasant warmth”... ". And the reader of the review is not only unlikely to understand the bewilderment of the critic, but he himself will remain in bewilderment: and what is strange in the fact that “ with tears” is written as “ with tears”, what “exquisite” could criticize see in “ black Cuban" or " pleasant warmth"? .. Until he opens the book itself by L. Ulitskaya (M .: Izd-vo Eksmo, 2004) and discovers that in this edition (unlike the Neva magazine) the letter Yo is consistently used and that, according to the principle of "outposts to pray to God for a fool - he will break his forehead "through Yo are printed here and such words as" with tears", "dark-skinned", "easy", "warmth" ... It only remains that, using a quote from the book of Lyudmila Petrushevskaya, suitable for the topic, exclaim " Yo moyo"! 6
The misfortunes of this letter, which occupies the "seventh and, of course, sanctified position" among the "blessed number of asterisks-letters of our alphabet", allowed the authors of the book "Two centuries of the Russian letter Y. History and Dictionary" (M., 2000) B.V. Pchelov and V.T. Chumakov to call it "one of the symbols of the Russian mentality."
No wonder such a significant action was the celebration of the 220th anniversary of the letter Y, organized by the St. Petersburg Museum of the History of the City. And in Ulyanovsk, in the homeland of the famous writer and historian N.M. Karamzin, who for a long time was considered the inventor of this letter sign (although in fact he only used Yo when printing the collection "Aonides" in 1796), a monument to this letter 7 was recently erected ... And the ranks of "yofikators" - zealots consistent use of Yo. For, as one of them, Igor Sid, states, “the letter ё, this, according to the definition of the essayist Vladimir Berezin,“ the only umlaut of the Russian language ”, is disappearing more and more clearly from our lives. Meanwhile, she personifies all living things (warm, cheerful, cool, smart, funny, unlucky, light, heavy, yellow, green, solid, reliable, tearful, scabrous, curmudgeonly hot, seriously hot, scrupulously hot, etc.), which is in the language.
In an exceptional situation, even today, the creator of a work of art has to try on the role of the “father of letters”, like St. Cyril, creating, “constructing” new graphemes capable of conveying specific sounds, the need for which is due to the text itself. So, in A. Blok's poem "Autumn evening was ..." the grapheme ö appears in the word "sör" ( The guest wearily sat down on a chair by the fire, / And the dog at his feet lay down on the carpet. / The guest politely said: “Are you still not enough?/ It's time to humble yourself before the Genius of Fate, sör"), which sounded in the poet's "Turgenev sound,<…>with a French touch, in the old nobility way. 8 "Turgenev" this sound is called by the poet because the grapheme ö is used in the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Spring Waters" to convey the features of the speech of one of the characters (" his comrade again stopped him, saying: "Döngoff, be quiet!""). About what is now an alphabetic sign ö has already outgrown the framework of an occasional artistic symbol and has actually become an equal member of the modern Russian alphabet, as evidenced by its use, for example, on the posters of the music festival " Ölimusic” (a transcription of the English language “Earlymusik”), first held in April 2002. The creators of this term, with such a spelling, wanted to emphasize not only the novelty of the musical phenomenon itself (“the concept of “old music” smells of mothballs, and the organizers of the festival are guided by the youth” 9), but also its own Russian origin.
So, as a result of the reform of 1917-1918. as part of our alphabet, 33 letters were permanently registered, and until recently, old graphemes could only be seen on a few monuments of the pre-October period that escaped destruction.
5 So (“not”) in the text of the review, although in accordance with the spelling norm, the amplifying particle “neither” should have been used here. Well, let's take this as "an inexplicable, incomprehensible typo" ...
6 Ludmila Petrushevskaya. Wild animal stories. M., Eksmo, 2003. S. 40.
7 The creation of this monument marked the beginning of a number of similar events: for example, in 2003 in Polotsk it was decided to perpetuate the letter “u is short”, which exists only in the Belarusian alphabet, and in 2004 a monument to the letter Y was erected in Yekaterinburg. The spirit of the times is an attempt to express the inner through the outer, the content through the form, the spirit through the letter ...
8 Roots Chukovsky. Alexander Blok as a person and a poet. Pg., 1924.
9 Petersburg on Nevsky. 2003, no. 11.
Equal to thirty-three. That is how many letters we have been using since 1918, however, until 1942 this figure was not officially recognized as final due to the fact that the letters “e” and “e” were considered as one letter.
The history of the appearance of the Russian alphabet.
Cyril and Methodius created the Cyrillic alphabet at the behest of Byzantine Emperor Michael III. The main purpose for which the alphabet was created was to streamline the Slavic language. Slavic writing initially became widespread only in. In the same country, the first Slavic bookstore was organized. Slavic writing reached Kievan Rus only at the end of the 10th century, becoming only a church language. Thanks to the Old Russian language, new elements of living speech were introduced into the Old Slavonic language, which eventually formed the Old Russian Cyrillic alphabet.
According to information that has come down to our days, the former alphabet had 43 letters. Over time, 14 letters have sunk into oblivion, as the sounds corresponding to them gradually went out of circulation. The iotated yus disappeared, then the big yus and the iotized E. The remaining letters have come down to our time in the Church Slavonic alphabet. In addition, new letters appeared - as many as 4 pieces.
Not without spelling reforms. Take, for example, one of them, carried out at the end of the 17th century - with it there were 38 letters. Subsequent reforms were carried out during the time of Peter I, after which all superscripts and most of the doublet letters, which in former times were used to write numbers, were canceled. Some letters, for example, Xi (?) or Psi (?), were replaced by letter phrases corresponding to them in pronunciation, others were replaced by letters close in sound. Sometimes it also happened that individual letters either returned to the alphabet, or disappeared from it again ...
As time went. And by 1917, the Russian alphabet officially consisted of 35 letters, when in reality there were 37 of them (“ё” and “й” were not considered separate letters at that time). There were also those that only formally entered the alphabet, later their use was practically reduced to
In Dmitry Minaev's poem "The Pedagogical Sentence (Spelling Legend)" of 1862, we find the following lines: "Russian letters are sad in a row / Count exactly 35." But in the story of A.F. Golitsin-Prozorovsky (Russian archive. 1888. Book 3. S. 468) we meet the following episode: “Once A.S. Pushkin invited several people to the Dominika restaurant and treated them to fame. Count Zavadovsky enters and says: - However, Alexander Sergeevich, your wallet is apparently stuffed tightly! “But I’m richer than you,” Pushkin answers, “sometimes you have to live and wait for money from the villages, but I have a constant income - from 36 letters of the Russian alphabet.”
Indeed, the question of how many letters were in the Russian alphabet in different historical eras, oddly enough, is very complicated, especially in relation to the pre-Petrine era. If you tried to find an answer to it in open sources, then you probably made sure that everywhere they write about which letters have disappeared, which ones have been added, but at the same time they avoid exact numbers.
The thing is that for a long time there was no normalized idea that there are different letters, and that there are variants of one letter. For example, in the primer of Karion Istomin, prepared at the very end of the 17th century (https://3ttt.livejournal.com/36821.html), we find 38 pages with letters, that is, apparently, 38 letters. At the same time, inscriptions are placed on one page, which we actually consider to be different letters (for example, “yus small” and “az iotated”, “o” and “omega”, etc.). In the alphabet of 1710 with the editing of Peter I (https://www.prlib.ru/item/315769) - in fact the same letters, but there are already 41 of them, and Peter I crosses out three of them ("psi", "omega" , "from"). However, in “Youth, an honest mirror” (1717; https://goo.gl/96HBu3), there are again 41 letters (all previously crossed out letters have been restored). Already after Peter I, the Academy of Sciences again begins to eliminate unnecessary letters, but this does not lead to any uniformity: M. V. Lomonosov, for example, in the Russian Grammar (1755) gives an alphabet of 30 letters, not including any “e” there , neither "u", nor "i", not to mention Izhitsa or fit. The Primer for Public Schools of 1788, approved by Catherine II, includes 33 letters (compared to the later standardized alphabet, there is no “e” and Izhitsa here). In general, this inconsistency continued for some time, until a standard of 35 letters was established in the 19th century (this alphabet did not include “y” and “ё”). After the elimination of four letters in 1918 and the addition of "й" and "ё" we got the modern alphabet of 33 letters.
Below is the whole story, set out systematically, spelled out.
The ABC, submitted for approval to Peter I in 1710, was no longer included:
- there is iotated,
- yus big,
- yus big iotated,
- yus small iotated.
At the same time, the letter "is" is presented here twice - in slightly different styles and with the variant "e" in the second case. For the most ancient alphabetic composition, this is not typical.
Now consider all the letters from the ABC of 1710.
1. "A"
2. "B"
3. "B"
4. "G"
5. "D"
6. "Yes" in the first version of the outline - became our letter "e".
7. "F"
8. "Zelo" - eliminated in 1735 by the Academy of Sciences.
9. Z
10. "And"
11. "I" - eliminated in 1918.
12. "K"
13. "L"
14. "M"
15. "N"
16. "Oh"
17. "P"
18. "R"
19. "C"
20. "T"
21. The ligature "Ȣ" - if it was used in the civil press, then only at the beginning of the 18th century, went out of use in a natural way.
22. "U"
23. "F"
24. "X"
25. Ligature "from" - crossed out by Peter I.
26. "C"
27. "H"
28. "SH"
29. "Sh"
30. "b"
31. "Y"
32. "b"
33. "Yat" - eliminated in 1918.
34. "Yes" in the second style / "E" - Peter I leaves the option "E".
35. "Yu"
36. "Omega" - crossed out by Peter I.
37. “Az capital iotated” / “yus small” / “I” - Peter I leaves “I”.
38. "Xi" - eliminated in 1735 by the Academy of Sciences.
39. "Psi" - crossed out by Peter I.
40. "Fita" - eliminated in 1918.
41. "Izhitsa" - eliminated in 1918 (although it was not even mentioned in the Bolshevik decree).
Total:
- ancient composition - 44 letters (with the ligature "from" and without the letter "is" in the second style);
- in modern times, before the reform of Peter I - 41 letters;
- after the reform of Peter I in 1710 - 38 letters;
- after editing the Academy of Sciences in 1735 - 35 letters;
- after the reform of the Bolsheviks in 1918 - 33 letters.
It is not always possible to find even the simplest things on the Internet, with regards to the numbering of the alphabet, the same thing.
The serial numbers of the letters, you can see in the table below, the correct order and correspondence of the serial number.
The letter A comes first.
The letter B is in second place.
The letter B is in third place.
The letter G is in fourth place.
The letter D is in fifth place.
The letter E is in sixth place.
The letter is in seventh place.
The letter J is in eighth place.
The letter Z is in ninth place.
The letter I is in tenth place.
The letter Y is in eleventh place.
The letter K is in twelfth place.
The letter L is in thirteenth place.
The letter M is in the fourteenth place.
The letter H is in fifteenth place.
The letter O is in sixteenth place.
The letter P is in seventeenth place.
The letter R is in eighteenth place.
The letter C is in nineteenth place.
The letter T is in twentieth place.
The letter U is in twenty-first place.
The letter F is in twenty-second place.
The letter X is in twenty-third place.
The letter C is in twenty-fourth place.
The letter H is in twenty-fifth place.
The letter W is in twenty-sixth place.
The letter Щ is in twenty-seventh place.
The letter b is in twenty-eighth place.
The letter Y is in twenty-ninth place.
The letter b is in the thirtieth place.
The letter E is in thirty-first place.
The letter Yu is in thirty-second place.
The letter I is in thirty-third place.
There are 33 letters in the Russian alphabet. Probably everyone knows this. And the serial number of the letter can be useful to solve some riddle, charade or read an encrypted letter.
Ordinal number of letters in the Russian alphabet.
- A - number 1 ,
- B - number 2 ,
- B - number 3 ,
- G - number 4 ,
- D - number 5 ,
- E - number 6 ,
- - 7 (some people forget that e and are still different letters, they should not be confused),
- F - 8,
- Z - 9,
- I - 10,
- Y - 11,
- K - 12,
- L - 13,
- M - 14,
- H - 15,
- O - 16,
- P - 17,
- R - 18,
- C - 19,
- T - 20,
- U - 21,
- F - 22,
- X - 23,
- C - 24,
- Ch - 25,
- Sh - 26,
- Shch - 27,
- b (solid sign) - 28,
- Y - 29,
- b (soft sign) - 30,
- E - 31,
- Yu - 32,
- I am 33.
Russian alphabet in reverse order looks like this (first comes the serial number, and after the number the letter itself)
- 33 - A,
- 32 - B,
- 31 -B,
- 30 - G,
- 29 - D,
- 2 - E,
- 27 - ,
- 26 -F,
- 25 - Z,
- 24 - And,
- 23 - th,
- 22 - K,
- 21 - L,
- 20 - M,
- 19 - H,
- 18 - Oh
- 17 - P,
- 16 - P,
- 15 - C,
- 14 - T,
- 13 - U,
- 12 - F,
- 11 - X,
- 10 - C,
- 9 - H,
- 8 - W,
- 7 -Sch,
- 6 - b,
- 5 - S,
- 4 - b,
- 3 - E,
- 2 - Yu,
- 1 -I.
The letter A serial number-1
B-serial number-2
B-serial number-3
The letter E has number 6
The letter has serial number 7
F- number 8
Letter Z-number 9
I- has serial number 10
E girlfriend Y- number 11
K-12 in a row
Letter L-13
We count the letter H as 15 in a row
16 is the letter O
b-28 letter of the alphabet
A a a serial number 1
B b be ordinal number 2
V v ve ordinal digit 3
G g ge serial number 4
D d de serial number 5
E e ordinal digit 6
ordinal 7
Well well ordinal number 8
Z z ze serial number 9
And and and ordinal number 10
th and short ordinal number 11
K to ka (not ke) ordinal number 12
L l el (or el, not le) ordinal number 13
M m em (not me) ordinal number 14
N n en (not ne) ordinal number 15
O o o ordinal number 16
P p pe ordinal number 17
R p er (not re) ordinal number 18
S with es (not se) ordinal number 19
T te ordinal number 20
y y ordinal number 21
F f ef (not fe) ordinal number 22
X x ha (not he) ordinal number 23
Ts tse ordinal number 24
H h th ordinal number 25
Sh sh sha (not she) ordinal number 26
Щ shcha (not yet) ordinal number 27
Ъ ъ solid sign ordinal number 28
S s s ordinal number 29
b b soft sign ordinal number 30
E e e (e negotiable) ordinal number 31
Yu Yu Yu Ordinal Number 32
I am I ordinal number 33
It is useful to know the serial numbers of the letters of the Russian alphabet, it is not bad to know the reverse numbering of letters, it is also sometimes required to know the numbering of pairs of letters equally distant from the ends of the alphabet. This knowledge can help in solving various kinds of logical problems.
So, the Russian alphabet is numbered in order:
Alphabet in reverse order:
Pairs of letters equally distant from the ends of the alphabet:
-
fourth
The letter Dd will be 5
Her letter will be 6
The letter will be 7
The eighth, ninth and tenth are the letters Zh, Z, I
Eleventh letter
twelfth letter
The alphabet is one of the first tasks for children to learn. Modern children still in kindergarten learn the alphabet and all the words that begin with these letters. Everyone will agree that we only know when we teach. Today, not all adults can quickly answer the question of how many letters are in the Russian alphabet, despite the fact that they know them. There are 33 letters in Russian.
We have all studied these letters and use them to speak, write and read. But few people thought about how many of these letters. Now you know that there are 33 of them, no more and no less. Everyone knows that there are vowels and consonants, then we'll talk about them.
How many vowels in the Russian alphabet
We form all words and phrases thanks to vowels and consonants; without the presence of certain letters, we would not be able to compose a single word. Let's see how many vowels and what they are.
There are 10 vowels in the Russian alphabet, among them:
With their help, we compose words using consonants.
How many consonants are there in Russian?
We figured out the vowels, now it's time to talk about consonants, there are much more of them than in the first version. It is consonants that occupy most of our words, so you simply cannot do without them.
There are 21 consonants in the Russian alphabet, namely:
The Russian language is very beautiful and powerful. Every day we use a lot of different words in our colloquial vocabulary, including all of the above letters in our work. It is practically impossible to single out a letter that would not be used in colloquial speech. Despite the fact that the hard sign "Ъ" is the least common, many words can also be noted with it, for example:
- Entry.
- Withdraw.
- Injection.
- Shooting.
- lens and others.
We do not even think about how many times a day we can use these words and all the letters from our alphabet. Since we mainly speak Russian, knowing foreign languages, we must definitely know how many letters in the Russian alphabet, both vowels and consonants, and all together. Recall for those who have already forgotten that there are 33 letters in the Russian language, which we use every day to explain our thoughts and tasks.
Oh yes, I remembered the lower grades when we wrote encryption, we used a digital system and put one letter in order, and the other against the order, by the way, the letter P it is the same in the account and back and forth it is the seventeenth - once I knew all this by heart and knew how to write ciphers quickly enough.
There are 33 letters in the Russian alphabet. Each letter has its own number. The distribution is based on the principle A - 1 letter of the alphabet, B - 2 letters of the alphabet, etc. to the last letter - I, which is 33 in a row.
It would seem, well, why would anyone need to know the serial numbers of letters in the alphabet of the Russian language? Probably, those who have passed tests to determine the IQ know that you need to know this in order to successfully cope with the tasks of the tests. There may be not one, or two, but many more such tasks in the test. For example, in this test there are five such tasks out of forty.
Here, for example, is the very first task of the test and the last fifth:
The alphabet is shown below in the figure, which shows which letter of the 33 letters of the Russian alphabet has which serial number. The first digit is a forward count, the second digit is a reverse count. In this form, the numbering and the alphabet itself are easier to remember than a list.
There are only 33 letters in the Russian alphabet: