Conversation on the topic "Cosmonautics Day" in the second junior group of dows. Summary of the lesson-conversation “Cosmonautics Day” (preparatory group)

Summary of GCD in senior group on topic: “Space travel”

Synopsis of direct educational activities for older children preschool age on the topic "Space travel"

Author: Frolova Natalia Aleksandrovna, teacher of preschool educational institution kindergarten combined type No. 42 "Teremok" Serpukhov MO
Description: I offer a summary of an integrated lesson for children of senior preschool age. This summary can be useful for both educators and additional education teachers, teachers leading circle work.
Target: Formation of ideas about outer space and human space exploration in older preschool children.
Tasks: Continue to expand children's understanding of space and outer space.
Clarify ideas about planets and constellations.
Give children knowledge about human exploration outer space, about the meaning space research for the life of people on Earth. Develop the ability to follow verbal instructions.
Develop fine motor skills and eye; Develop children's creativity
Foster a sense of pride in your homeland; respect for the work of people whose work is related to space exploration.
Preliminary work:
Conversation with children about the upcoming holiday on April 12 - “Cosmonautics Day”.
Examination of subject pictures depicting the first cosmonauts, Earth satellites, space stations.
Initial acquaintance with the Universe, the Sun and the solar system.
Drawing of planets, space satellites and astronauts in a spacesuit.
Reading poems, fairy tales and stories: N. Nosov “Dunno on the Moon” (chapters from a fairy tale, P. Klushantsev “What the Telescope Told About”), V. Borozdin “First in Space”. Didactic games: “Future Cosmonauts”, “ Stars and planets.” Construction game “Cosmodrome”.
Introductory part:
There is a song about astronauts.
Educator:
-Who can guess why I turned on this song.
Children: April 12th is Cosmonautics Day.
Educator:
-Why exactly April 12?
Children:
-On this day, a man flew into space for the first time.
Educator:
-For the first time, an inhabitant of planet Earth rushed to the stars. Who knows what the name of the world's first astronaut was?
Children:Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin.
Educator:
Children, a smiling, brave pilot - cosmonaut, hero - is looking at us from the portrait. Soviet Union Colonel Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin.
And here he is dressed differently, in the clothes he wore during the flight. His entire suit is called a spacesuit. It includes a shell, helmet, gloves, boots. A spacesuit is like the cabin of a spaceship, it has everything so that the astronauts can be in flight. The suit contains tubes with a respiratory mixture that are needed for breathing, and there is also a small box that supports normal temperature bodies. The suit is a spacesuit that is very durable and protects against pressure and radiation. The suit is connected to the Earth, it contains a microphone with equipment sensors, we can see and talk with the astronauts. The spacesuit is heavy and can only be worn by trained, hardy people.
Educator:
I know that Vitya knows a poem about this wonderful man.
Reading a poem.
Do you know what kind of guy he was?
The one who discovered the star trail?
The whole world carried him in their arms.
Son of the Earth and stars.
He was gentle and simple.
Educator:
How do you understand the lines in this poem that the whole world carried Yuri Gagarin in his arms?
Children: (children's answers) After returning to earth, he traveled all over the world, meeting with residents of different countries.
Educator:
-Why do you think he was called the son of the Earth and stars?
Children:
He is the first person to fly into space and see our earth and stars.

Children look at the illustrations, remember the names of the planets and describe them appearance, tell what they know about space, spaceships, astronauts.
If children find it difficult to answer, the teacher asks leading questions or tells the story himself.
Riddles about space:
Flashing a huge tail in the dark
rushes among bright stars in the void
she is not a star, not a planet,
mystery of the universe... (comet)
Lights the way at night,
doesn't let the stars sleep,
let everyone sleep, she has no time for sleep,
there is light in the sky for us… (moon)
Planet blue,
beloved, dear,
she is yours, she is mine,
and it's called… (Earth)
On an airship
Cosmic, obedient,
We are outrunning the wind
Let's rush to... (rocket)
Educator :
-What should a person be like to become an astronaut? (children's answers)
-What should he do for this? (train)
Login to activity
The teacher invites the children to conduct “Space training” and
Offers to play the game "Rocket"
Fast rockets are waiting for us to fly to planets.
(children raise their hands up, palm to palm, depicting a rocket)
We'll fly to whatever we want.
(Children lunge to the right, right hand to the forehead - look and select the planets, the same to the left)
But there is one secret in the game
(children wag their fingers,
There is no room for latecomers!
(Hands crossed)
To the music, children run around the group; at the end of the music, children need to get into a hoop - a rocket; those who did not have time were eliminated. ( play 3 times)
Organizing time
- Guys, we continue our space journey, I invite you to visit the space laboratory. You can enter the laboratory with a pass; your pass will be the correct answers to the questions. Are you ready to answer questions?
-What is the name of the planet we live on?
-What planets do you know?
-What is the name of the Earth's satellite?
-What are comets?
-Who was the first to fly into space?
-Who was the first astronaut on Earth?
-What is the last name of the first female astronaut?
-Would you like to become an astronaut?
- Why?
-What qualities should an astronaut have?
Viewing and discussion on the presentation “Space”».
Educator:
You learned that... the world's first rocket was invented by a Russian scientist -... (Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky). He lived in the city of Kaluga and worked as a teacher at school. Konstantin Eduardovich loved to watch the stars through a telescope, studied them and dreamed of flying to them. - But in order to control the rocket,
You need to become brave and strong.
The weak are not taken into space,
After all, flying is not easy work!
Don't yawn around
Today you are an astronaut!
Let's start training
To become strong and agile,
Turned their faces in a circle,
Let's start the exercises!
Dynamic pause
To fly into space, you need to be able to do a lot.
Be healthy, don’t be lazy, do well in school.
And we will do exercises every day - we are not lazy!
Turn left, turn right and go back again,
Squat, jump and run, run, run.
And then walk more and more quietly, and then sit down again.
-What else can we see in space besides stars, planets and the sun?
-What is another name for space, that is, the sun, planets, comets, asteroids, meteorites?
- That's right, “universe”.
-What can you use to go into space?
Each of you dreams of flying to the stars, but who will build us a means of flight?
Let's turn into constructors and make spacecraft.
-For this we need: a sheet of paper, what shape? (square), scissors, colored paper and our skillful hands.
Examination of the sample and verbal instructions for making the work. You can make several rockets, come up with a name for them and send them into space.
-First you need to make an accordion out of a square.
-Fold the upper corners to a line located just above the middle of the square.
“Lap” the right side of the rocket
(Children do work.) - space music sounds
Educator:
Guys, before we leave the space laboratory, I suggest
you to play.
Ball game “Name it.”
Children line up in a circle, in the center there is a teacher with a ball: the teacher throws the ball and each child is asked to name what he remembers about space.
And now I invite you to fly into space: close your eyes, count from 10 to one and go flying. "Earth from Space" music starts
Let's say the magic word "Let's go."
(Playing off the rockets made.)
Reflection
-The time has come to return to kindergarten.
-Did you like our unusual journey?
-What interesting things have you learned for yourself?
-You have learned even more about space, the universe, and you will be able to tell your family and friends about it.

Back forward

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Goals:

• systematize and expand children’s understanding of what space is;
• help consolidate acquired knowledge and broaden children’s horizons;
• develop memory, attention, desire to learn new things.

Methods used in the lesson:

• video method (during the entire event);
• verbal;
• practical;
• problem-search (collection of material);
• self-control and mutual control (consolidation of what has been learned).

Forms of work:

• frontal;
• Individual.

Equipment:

• Computer;
• Screen;
• Projector;
• Student reports.

Progress of the lesson

1. Organizational moment.

2. Work on the topic

1st student.

Again the star lit up in the distance.
Our new satellite is flying nearby
With a rough bulk
Earth floating in space.
And the fact that it burns in the darkness,
And sends cheerful signals,
About interplanetary, unprecedented,
He speaks of the coming era.
The path to the future has opened
And over these years we were able
Build happiness on the planet
And further step into the heavens.

Teacher: Guys, guess the riddle: “The peas scattered on a thousand roads.” (Starry sky.)

Every time we go out in the evening, we fix our eyes on the stars. How many interesting things they keep. How you want to get up from the earth and embark on a journey to distant planets and maybe even meet the inhabitants of other planets.

2nd student.

Universe.

• The Universe is an immense world beyond the Earth.
• The universe was formed as a result of the so-called Big Bang 15 billion years ago.
• From matter that gradually cooled, planets, stars, galaxies, comets and other celestial bodies were formed.

3rd student.

Galaxies.

• Galaxies are giant collections of stars, gas and dust held together by gravity.
• Galaxies revolve around a central point.
• There are billions of galaxies in the universe and each contains from one to tens of billions of stars.
• Galaxies are located in groups, forming clusters of hundreds and thousands of galaxies.

4th student.

Stars.

• The stars shining in the night sky are bodies of hot gas.
• Stars study with bright light because their temperatures reach 10 million degrees.
• The color of stars depends on their size and temperature. The largest and hottest ones emit a bluish light, while the smallest ones are white, yellow, orange or reddish.
• The brightness of a star depends on its distance from the Earth; the closer a star is to us, the brighter it appears.

5th student.

Comets.

• Comets are small cosmic bodies, consisting of ice, dust and stones.
• They revolve around the Sun in highly elongated elliptical orbits.
• Passing near the Sun, a comet loses one cm of the thickness of its shell per day.
• Any comet is destined to disappear over time.

6th student.

Sun.

• The Sun is the star closest to Earth.
• The sun is a giant ball of hot gases.
• The sun is the center solar system, of which the Earth is a part.
• The sun was formed about 5 billion years ago. And it will shine for the same number of years.
• The sun rotates around its axis.

7th student.

Planets.

• There are 9 planets with 68 satellites, billions of asteroids, meteorites and comets, as well as a huge amount of dust and gas moving around the Sun.
• Nine large planets move around the Sun.
• Each planet moves along its own path - orbit, around the Sun.
• The sun, together with the large and small planets, makes up the solar system.
• People live only on Earth; there are no living beings on other planets.
• Astronauts did not fly to other planets. They are studied using automatic interplanetary stations.

8th student.

Moon.

• The Moon is not a star or a planet, but a large stone ball, several times smaller than the Earth.
• She is a satellite of the Earth, the celestial body closest to Earth.
• There is no water or air on the moon. You can't live on the moon.
• On the surface of the Moon during the day it can be hot up to 130 degrees, and at night it can be cold up to 170 degrees.
• The Moon moves around the Earth and goes around it in a month.

Interest in space.

Teacher: After man invented the airplane and conquered the sky, people wanted to rise even higher.

1st student. One of the first to think about flying into space was the Russian scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky.
The fate and life of Tsiolkovsky are unusual and interesting. The first half of Kostya Tsiolkovsky’s childhood was ordinary, like all children. Already in old age, Konstantin Eduardovich recalled how he liked to climb trees, climb onto the roofs of houses, jump from high altitude to experience the feeling free fall. My second childhood began when, having contracted scarlet fever, I almost completely lost my hearing. Deafness caused the boy not only everyday inconvenience and moral suffering. She threatened to slow down his physical and mental development.
He dreams of space travel. He voraciously reads books on physics, chemistry, astronomy, and mathematics. Realizing that his capable but deaf son would not be accepted into any educational institution, the father decides to send sixteen-year-old Kostya to Moscow for self-education. Kostya rents a corner in Moscow and sits in free libraries from morning to evening. His father sends him 15–20 rubles a month, but Kostya, eating black bread and drinking tea, spends 90 kopecks a month on food! With the rest of the money he buys retorts, books, and reagents. The following years were also difficult. He suffered a lot from bureaucratic indifference to his works and projects. I was sick and discouraged, but I got myself together again, made calculations, and wrote books.
Now we already know that Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky is the pride of Russia, one of the fathers of astronautics, a great scientist. And many of us are surprised to learn that the great scientist did not go to school, did not have any scientific degrees, last years lived in Kaluga in an ordinary wooden house and no longer hearing anything, but all over the world the one who first outlined the path to other worlds and stars for humanity is now recognized as a genius:

2nd student. Tsiolkovsky’s ideas were developed by Friedrich Arturovich Zander, a Soviet scientist and inventor in the field of the theory of interplanetary flights and jet engines.

3rd student. Yuri Vasilyevich Kondratyuk - proposed that when flying to other planets, the ship should be placed in orbit of its artificial satellite. To land a person on another planet and return to the ship, use a small take-off and landing ship

4th student. All the most cherished dreams of the founders of astronautics were realized by Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, Russian scientist and designer, academician, twice Hero Socialist Labor. Under his leadership, ballistic and geophysical rockets, the first artificial Earth satellites, and the spaceships “Vostok” and “Voskhod” were created, which were used for the first time in history in human space flight and human spacewalk.

5th student. October 4, 1957 became a significant date. On this day the first artificial Earth satellite was launched. Started space age. The first satellite of the Earth was a shiny ball made of aluminum alloys and was small - with a diameter of 58 cm and a weight of 83.6 kg. The device had a two-meter mustache antenna, and two radio transmitters were placed inside. The satellite's speed was 28,800 km/h. In an hour and a half, the satellite flew around the entire Earth, and during the day of flight it made 15 revolutions. Nowadays there are many satellites in earth's orbit. Some are used for television and radio communications, others are scientific laboratories.

6th student. Scientists were faced with the task of putting a living creature into orbit.
Scientists wanted to know what man would encounter in space.
The first “cosmonauts” - scouts - were mice, rabbits, insects and even microbes.
The first little mouse, the “cosmonaut,” stayed above the Earth for almost a whole day.
But at that time, scientists still did not know how to return spaceships to Earth.

Dogs in space.

7th student. And dogs paved the way to space for humans. Animal testing began in 1949. The first “cosmonauts” were recruited in the gateways - the first squad of dogs. A total of 32 dogs were caught.

The first dog sent into space was Laika. On November 3, 1957, a special spacesuit was put on Laika, a special rocket was built for her, which contained a supply of food, water and air. It was calculated that the dog would live on board for a week. It was for this period that supplies of food and oxygen were provided. And so that the animal does not suffer after the air runs out, the designers came up with a syringe with which a soporific injection will be given. But the dogs lived in zero gravity for only a few hours, the ship became very hot, and Laika died from the heat.

On August 19, 1960, the dogs Belka and Strelka flew into space from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The dogs passed all types of tests. They can remain in the cabin for quite a long time without moving, and can endure large overloads and vibrations. Animals are not afraid of rumors, they know how to sit in their experimental equipment, making it possible to record the biocurrents of the heart, muscles, brain, arterial pressure, breathing pattern, etc.

Footage of the flight of Belka and Strelka was shown on television. It was clearly visible how they tumbled in weightlessness. And, if Strelka was wary of everything, Belka was joyfully furious and even barked.

Belka and Strelka became everyone's favorites. They were taken to kindergartens, schools, and orphanages. Journalists were given the opportunity to pet the dogs, but were warned not to accidentally nip them.

On August 20, it was announced that the descent module had made a soft landing and the dogs Belka and Strelka had returned safely to the ground.

The scientist continued research and observations of dogs on Earth. It was necessary to find out whether space flight affected the genetics of the animal. Strelka twice gave birth to healthy offspring, cute puppies that everyone would dream of purchasing. But all the puppies were registered, and they were personally responsible for each one.

On March 9, 1961, Chernushka went into space. The dog had to make one revolution around the Earth and return - an exact model of human flight. Everything went smoothly.

On March 25, 1961, Zvezdochka launched. And she had to complete one revolution and land. The flight ended successfully. The dogs have done their job. They were never destined to go into space again.

Monkeys in space.

8th student. In 1969, the Americans launched their first biological satellite with Boni the monkey. But unfortunately, on the fifth day of the flight, the instruments recorded a sharp drop in Bonya’s temperature. The animal was returned to Earth, but it was not possible to save her.
On January 7, 1997, the flight of the Bion-11 satellite ended. For 14 days, two monkeys Krosh and Multik were in space. According to experts, all experiments were successful.
Bio-objects have returned to earth and today scientists are processing the information received.

Yuri Gagarin.

9th student. Born in the small town of Gzhatsk in 1934. He grew up as an active, inquisitive boy; he made airplanes from childhood.
His passion for the sky led him to the Military Aviation School in Orinburg.
In 1960 he began preparing for a flight into space.
April 12, 1961 spaceship Vostok was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
Flew around the Earth once in 108 minutes.
This flight proved that a person can fly into space and return to Earth unharmed.

Conquest of space.

10th student. After Gagarin, hundreds of people flew into space.
In 1965, Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov was the first to go into outer space.
In 1969, American Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the first time.
The Americans landed on the Moon five more times and made many valuable observations.
German Titov spent 24 hours in orbit.
The first female cosmonaut is Valentina Tereshkova.

11th student. Titov German Stepanovich was born on September 11, 1935, Russian cosmonaut. Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, Colonel General of Aviation, Hero of the Soviet Union (1961).
In the first group of cosmonauts of the USSR, German Titov was one of the best and was appointed Yu. A. Gagarin’s backup during preparation for the first space flight in history on April 12, 1961. In August 1961, German Titov made a space flight on Vostok-2, which lasted 25 hours. Later he left the cosmonaut corps and worked as a test pilot. Tragically died in 2000.

12th student. Leonov Alexey Arkhipovich born May 30, 1934, Russian cosmonaut, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, major general of aviation, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Flight on Voskhod 2 with the first spacewalk in history (March 1965).

13th student. Tereshkova Valentina Vladimirovna was born. 1937, Russian cosmonaut. Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, the world's first female cosmonaut, candidate of technical sciences, colonel, public figure, Hero of the Soviet Union. Flight on Vostok-6 (June 1963). Chairman of the Committee Soviet women. Since 1994 director Russian Center international scientific and cultural cooperation.

14th student. Nikolaev Andrian Grigorievich (1929–2004), Russian cosmonaut, USSR pilot-cosmonaut, Major General of Aviation, candidate technical sciences, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Flights on Vostok-3 and Soyuz-9.

15th student. Soloviev Vladimir Alekseevich (born 1946), Russian cosmonaut. Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Flights on the Soyuz T-10, -11 and the Salyut-7 orbital station, Soyuz T-15, the Salyut-7 orbital station and the Mir orbital complex.

Savitskaya Svetlana Evgenievna (born in 1948), Russian cosmonaut, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Honored Master of Sports. In the 60–70s. world champion and record holder in airplane and parachute sports. Flight on the Soyuz T-5, T-7 and the Salyut-7 orbital station.

16th student.

A special profession is astronaut.

• An astronaut is a person who tests space technology and works on it in space.
• The beginning of this profession was laid by the flight of the planet’s first cosmonaut, Yu.A. Gagarin.
• An astronaut is a researcher. Every day in orbit is experimental work in a space laboratory.
• The astronaut plays the role of a biologist, conducting observations of living organisms.
• An astronaut is a physician when they participate in medical research into the health of crew members.
• An astronaut is a builder, an installer.

3. Summary of the lesson.

– What did we talk about today?
– What new did you hear and learn?

April 12th is celebrated in our country Cosmonautics Day. On this day in 1961, our planet was shocked by unexpected news: “Man in space!” People's dream of flying into space has come true. On an April morning, the first cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin flew into space on the Vostok-1 spacecraft. The flight around the Earth lasted 108 minutes.

The starry sky has always attracted the eyes of people, beckoning with its uncertainty. People dreamed of learning as much as possible about space. This is how time began space rockets, satellites, lunar rovers...

Let's tell children about space and astronauts so they have an idea

It’s good if parents read books about space with their children, show pictures, and look at the starry globe. You can play space-themed games with your children, read and learn poems about space, and guess interesting

Telling children about space

Planets and stars

Our Earth is a huge ball on which there are seas, rivers, mountains, deserts and forests. And also people live. Our Earth and everything that surrounds it is called the Universe, or space. In addition to our blue planet, there are others, as well as stars. Stars are huge balls of light. - also a star. It is located close to the Earth, so we see it and feel its heat.

We see stars only at night, and during the day the Sun eclipses them. There are stars even bigger than the sun

In addition to the Earth, there are 8 more planets in the solar system, each planet has its own path, which is called an orbit.

Let's remember the planets:

All planets in order

Any of us can name:

Once - Mercury,

Two - Venus,

Three - Earth,

Four - Mars.

Five - Jupiter

Six - Saturn,

Seven - Uranus,

Behind him is Neptune.

He is the eighth in a row.

And after him, then,

And the ninth planet

Called Pluto.

Jupiter is the most big planet. If you imagine it in the form of a watermelon, then in comparison with it Pluto will look like a pea.

To help children remember all the planets better, read the poem and let them remember it. You can sculpt planets from plasticine, draw them, or cut them out of paper and attach them to a lamp at home, for example.

You can see our space crafts made from plasticine

Children about space

Astronomers

Scientists who observe and study stars are called astronomers.

Previously, people did not know anything about space, about the stars and believed that the sky was a cap that covered the Earth, and the stars were attached to it. Ancient people thought that the Earth was motionless, and the Sun and Moon revolved around it.

Many years later, astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus proved that the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun. Newton understood why the planets revolve around the Sun and do not fall. They all fly around the Sun in their own way.

This is how scientists discovered the secrets of space. In the Middle Ages, a telescope was invented, with which scientists observed the stars.

There are still many mysteries in space, so astronomers will have enough work to do for a long time.

Animal astronauts

To find out what a person will have to face in space, scientists sent animals for “reconnaissance.” There were dogs, rabbits, mice, even microbes.

Dogs are smarter animals than mice, but not all dogs were suitable for testing. Purebred dogs are very gentle, they were not suitable for space. The dogs were selected by size, trained with them, accustomed to noise and shaking. Ordinary mongrels came closest.

The first dog, Laika, was sent into space in 1957. She was observed, but she did not return to Earth.

Then Belka and Strelka flew into space. In 1960, on August 19, they were launched into space on the prototype of the Vostok spacecraft. They stayed in space for more than a day and returned safely.

So scientists proved that space flight is possible.

About astronauts for children

An astronaut is a person who tests space technology and works in space. Now there are astronauts in many countries.

The first cosmonaut was Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. On April 12, 1961, he flew into space on the Vostok-1 spacecraft and circled the Earth in 1 hour and 48 minutes. Came back alive and healthy.

Yuri Gagarin was born on March 9, 1934 in the village of Klushino, Gzhatsky district, Smolensk region, into an ordinary family of a collective farmer. Ros an ordinary child. In his youth, he was interested in classes at the flying club. After college he became a pilot. In 1959, he was enrolled in the group of cosmonaut candidates. And for his first flight into space he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and awarded the Order of Lenin.

Yuri Gagarin will always remain in our memory as the first cosmonaut. Cities, streets, and avenues are named after him. There is a crater on the Moon named after him, as well as a minor planet.

Cosmonauts are courageous people, they train a lot, they must know and be able to do a lot in order to control a spaceship.

The first spacewalk was made by Alexei Leonov in 1965. And the first female cosmonaut was Valentina Tereshkova, who flew into space in 1963. She withstood 48 revolutions around the Earth, spent almost three days in space, and took photographs that were used to study the aerosol layers of the atmosphere.

To fly into space, you need to study a lot and study well, be persistent, patient, and enduring.

Moon

Children always look at the Moon in the sky with interest. It is so different: sometimes it is sickle-shaped, sometimes it is large and round.

The child will be interested to know what is on the Moon. You can say that the Moon is covered with crater craters that arise due to collisions with asteroids. If you look at the Moon through binoculars, you can see the unevenness of its relief.

Stargazing with kids

Children need to be supervised starry sky. Take the time to go outside in the evening and admire the stars. Show your child some constellations, try to find them together Ursa Major. Tell us that ancient people peered into the night sky, mentally connected the stars, drew animals, people, objects, and mythological heroes. Find a star chart and show your child what the constellations look like, and then together find them in the sky. This develops observation and memory.

In general, it would be great to take your child to a planetarium if you have one in your city. The child will learn a lot of interesting things from the story about stars and planets.

We don’t have a planetarium in the city, you just need to go to another city.

The space theme contains a lot of ideas for drawings and crafts. You can draw, sculpt astronauts, aliens, the Moon. Come up with new names for stars and planets. In general, use your imagination, the theme of space is limitless and interesting for children.

Here are Yulina's drawings on a space theme.

Games on the theme "Space" for children

You can play games with children. I suggest some games that you can play.

Game "What will we take with us into space."

Lay out the drawings in front of the children and ask them to choose what they can take with them on the spaceship. These can be the following pictures: a book, a notebook, a spacesuit, an apple, candy, a tube of semolina, an alarm clock, a sausage.

Game "Space Dictionary" will help children replenish their lexicon words related to the theme of space. You can play with several children and arrange a competition to see who can name the most words related to space. For example: satellite, rocket, alien, planets, Moon, Earth, astronaut, spacesuit, etc.

Game "Say the opposite".

Teach children to choose words with opposite meaning. Yulia and I played these games, she was pretty good at naming antonyms correctly.

Distant -…

cramped -…

big -…

get up -…

fly away -...

high -…

famous -…

include -…

dark -…

Tell your children about space, astronauts, learn the names of the planets, look at the starry sky. Let the child grow up curious, and what if he also later becomes a scientist or astronaut and you will be proud of him.

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Conversation on the topic " Cosmonautics Day "

Second junior group

Goals :

Introduce the firstcosmonaut Yu. A. Gagarin;

Stimulate the development of speech, memory, thinking, develop imagination, fantasy.

Material to conversation : image of the solar system, photographycosmonaut Yu. A. Gagarin, dogs - Belki and Strelki.

Move conversations :

Earth is the planet on which we live, it is the only planet in the solar system on which life exists. People, plants and animals live on Earth because there is water and air. It revolves around the Sun and is the most beautiful and interesting of all the planets. The Sun is the closest star to Earth. Without the Sun there would be no life on Earth. Everything that happens on our planet is connected with the Sun: the change of day and night, the onset of winter or summer. During the day, the sun warms and illuminates our planet. All living things rejoice in sunlight and warmth. With the sunrise, nature awakens and comes to life.

In the evening we can see the moon and stars in the sky. The Moon is the Earth's satellite. It shines brightly in the night sky. People have always wanted to visit the moon, fly to the stars, see the Earth fromspace.

Would you guys like to becomeastronauts? ( Yes! )

Who are theyastronauts? ( children's answers, the teacher corrects, supplements )

What do you think it should be likeastronaut? (healthy, strong, knowledgeable, hardworking, courageous, resilient, etc.).

What can you see in the sky?(stars)

How many stars are there in the sky?(uncountable number)

The sky above our head is strewn with many stars. They look like small sparkling dots and are located far from the Earth. In fact, the stars are very large. And then one day, a man was looking at the starry sky and he wanted to know what kind of stars they were and why they were so bright. Scientists have come up with special devices- telescopes, observed and learned that there are other planets.

Physical education lesson “Rocket”

One-two, there's a rocket.
(child raises his hands up)
Three or four, take off soon.
(spreads his arms to the sides)
To reach the sun
(circle with hands)
Astronauts need a year.
(takes hands to cheeks, shakes head)
But dear we are not afraid
(arms to the sides, body tilts left and right)
Each of us is an athlete
(bends his elbows)
Flying over the earth
(spreads his arms to the sides)
Let's say hello to her.
(raises his hands up and waves)

Puzzles:

There is nothing more expensive

Than its magical light!

It will warm everyone with its warmth!

He doesn’t spare the light for people!

In the morning, at every window,

Enters affectionately (Sun)

Above the forest, above the mountains, a carpet spreads out.

He is always, always spread out over you and over me

Sometimes it’s gray, sometimes it’s blue, sometimes it’s bright blue.(Sky)

Multi-colored shreds
Cotton wool floats across the sky.
If it gets together in a bunch,
Then the rain pours on the ground.
Explain to me guys
What is this cotton wool called?(Clouds)

What is visible in the sky only at night?(Stars) .

Adults and children know

That it is not the sun that shines at night.

Chubby and pale,

Always alone among the stars.(Moon)

But people wanted to know if there was life on other planets. What creatures live there, are they similar to us, is there air on other planets. But to find out, you must fly to them. Airplanes were not suitable for this. Who knows why?(because the planets are very far away) . And so scientists invented the first satellite, installed instruments on it and launched it intospace.

Physical education lesson “Space”

One two three four five,

(walking in place )

We are flying into space again.

(put your hands together above your head )

I'm breaking away from the Earth,

(jump )

I'm reaching the moon.

(hands to the sides, spin around )

We'll hang in orbit,

(swing your arms back and forth )

And again we hurry home.

(walking in place )

There were two dogs on board - Belka and Strelka (show the photo to the children), they successfully returned to Earth. And then in 1961 for the first timeman went into space.

The first person who was able to travel tospace trip, wasastronautYuri Alekseevich Gagarin (show photo). He made his flight on April 12, 1961 on a Vostok rocket. In thatdayour country celebrates"Cosmonautics Day". This is a holidayastronauts and peoplewho participates in the creationspace rockets.

Didactic game "Family of Words".

Let's play and form words from one family to the word"star" .

How can you affectionately call a Star?(star)

If there are many Stars in the sky, then we will say what it is like?(stellar)

What is the name of the ship that flies to the stars?(starship)

What do they call a wizard in fairy tales who predicts the future from the stars?(astrologer)

Well done! Today you learned a lot aboutspace, astronauts, about our planet and I think that you can be included in the squadastronauts.

Bottom lineconversations.

Questions:

1. What is the name of our planet?

2. What is the sun for?

3. When can we get a good look at the moon?

4. What was the name of the man who first flew tospace ?

Tasks for those who are not tired:

1. Build a rocket from a large construction set.

2. Laying out a rocket using counting sticks

Thematic conversation for Cosmonautics Day “Journey to the Blue Star”

Target : expand and deepen children’s knowledge about space.

Tasks:

Introduce children to the Russian scientist K.E. Tsiolkovsky, the history of the creation of the first space rocket, the first cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin;

Expand children's horizons and develop their imagination;

To foster a sense of patriotism and pride for the Fatherland.

Preliminary work:conversations about stars, planets, space and astronauts, watching cartoons about space.

Progress of the lesson

1. Ogr.moment.

Our home planet Earth. People, animals, birds, fish, insects, and plants live here. But people like to dream, they want to know if we have neighbors?

Now we too will dream... (Music sounds).

Sit comfortably, close your eyes. Imagine a dark night sky with bright stars. Somewhere far away there is life too. We are setting off on an exciting journey to the mysterious Blue Star.

You are the crew of an interplanetary spaceship of earthlings. Everyone took their place. Now the ship will rise into the sky. Inhale - exhale. (3 times) Squeeze the steering wheels tightly in your fists and press firmly on the pedals with your feet. Hold it, hold it. Well done! Now release the steering wheels and pedals... Inhale - exhale. You feel how a pleasant heaviness spreads throughout the body, pressing us. The ship takes off. It becomes easy for us. It is important now to breathe evenly: inhale – exhale, 3 times. Fine! We hardly feel our body; it is light and weightless. Inhale-exhale, 2 times.

We are flying in space. The stars look at us warmly and invite us to visit them, but our goal is the Blue Star.

And now she is already close, bright, blue. Let's make a landing. Again, firmly grasp the steering wheels, press hard on the pedals, take a deep breath and exhale (2p), and then release the steering wheels and pedals. How smoothly we boarded!

Let's get out of the ship... In front of us is an ocean where there is no water. Flowers, flowers everywhere: white, orange, pink, with blue stems, which is why the planet seems completely blue to us.

Open your eyes. Look at the screen. Who is it that meets us? (slide2)

Yes, this is the alien Vanya from the cartoon we know. He is very glad to meet you, wants to get to know you and tell you about space.

Now everyone will say their name. And he will tell Vanya something good about himself.

2.1 People have long dreamed of flying to the stars, visiting space, but it is very far, dangerous, scary, and at the same time very interesting. At first they made up fairy tales about it.

Guys, remember the fairy tales and legends. Whatever they flew on fairy-tale heroes! (On bats and eagles, on flying carpets and beards of wizards, on the Little Humpbacked Horse and magic arrows...).

Many centuries passed before humanity found a way to overcome gravity and rise into outer space.

Just a few centuries ago, it would never have occurred to anyone that the most convenient “transport” for moving was a rocket. Mini-powder rockets have long been used to create fireworks or send signals in military affairs. In Russia, in the middle of the last century, artillery general K.I. gave the rocket its combat function. Konstantinov. Its missiles could cover a distance of up to three kilometers.

The first who saw in a rocket a projectile capable of carrying earthlings into interplanetary space was the great Russian scientist K.E. Tsiolkovsky (slide 3). He said this about this: “The earth is our cradle, but you cannot live forever in a cradle.” The rocket does not need air, which means it can fly in the void, in space, and reach enormous speed there.
The fate and life of Tsiolkovsky are unusual and interesting. The first half of Kostya Tsiolkovsky’s childhood was ordinary, like all children. Already in old age, Konstantin Eduardovich recalled how he liked to climb trees, climb onto the roofs of houses, jump from great heights to experience the feeling of free fall. My second childhood began when, having contracted scarlet fever, I almost completely lost my hearing. Deafness caused the boy not only everyday inconvenience and moral suffering. She threatened to slow down his physical and mental development.
He dreams of space travel. He voraciously reads books on physics, chemistry, astronomy, and mathematics. Realizing that his capable but deaf son will not be accepted into any educational institution, his father decides to send sixteen-year-old Kostya to Moscow for self-education. Kostya rents a corner in Moscow and sits in free libraries from morning to evening. His father sends him 15–20 rubles a month, but Kostya, eating black bread and drinking tea, spends 90 kopecks a month on food! With the rest of the money he buys retorts, books, and reagents. The following years were also difficult. He suffered a lot from bureaucratic indifference to his works and projects. I was sick and discouraged, but I got myself together again, made calculations, and wrote books.
Now we already know that Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky is the pride of Russia, one of the fathers of astronautics, a great scientist. And with surprise, many of us learn that the great scientist did not go to school, did not have any scientific degrees, in recent years he lived in Kaluga in an ordinary wooden house and no longer heard anything, but throughout the world the one who first drew for humanity's path to other worlds and stars

It took a lot of work to create the first rocket. It was built by Russian scientists, workers, and engineers. (slides 4-5)

It was in our country that the first artificial Earth satellite was launched. (slide6)

October 4, 1957 became a significant date. On this day the first artificial Earth satellite was launched. The space age has begun. The first satellite of the Earth was a shiny ball made of aluminum alloys and was small - with a diameter of 58 cm and a weight of 83.6 kg. The device had a two-meter mustache antenna, and two radio transmitters were placed inside. The satellite's speed was 28,800 km/h. In an hour and a half, the satellite circled the entire globe, and during the 24-hour flight it completed 15 revolutions. Nowadays there are many satellites in earth's orbit. Some are used for television and radio communications, others are scientific laboratories.

Dogs paved the way to space for humans.(slides 7-8)

Animal testing began in 1949. The first “cosmonauts” were recruited in the gateways. A total of 32 dogs were caught.

The first dog sent into space was Laika. On November 3, 1957, a special spacesuit was put on Laika, a special rocket was built for her, which contained a supply of food, water and air. It was calculated that the dog would live on board for a week. It was for this period that supplies of food and oxygen were provided. And so that the animal does not suffer after the air runs out, the designers came up with a syringe with which a soporific injection will be given. But the dogs lived in zero gravity for only a few hours, the ship became very hot, and Laika died from the heat.

On August 19, 1960, the dogs Belka and Strelka flew into space from the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The dogs passed all types of tests. They can remain in the cabin for quite a long time without moving, and can endure large overloads and vibrations. Animals are not afraid of rumors, they know how to sit in their experimental equipment, making it possible to record the biocurrents of the heart, muscles, brain, blood pressure, breathing patterns, etc.

Footage of the flight of Belka and Strelka was shown on television. It was clearly visible how they tumbled in weightlessness. And, if Strelka was wary of everything, Belka was joyfully furious and even barked.

Belka and Strelka became everyone's favorites. They were taken to kindergartens, schools, and orphanages. Journalists were given the opportunity to pet the dogs, but were warned not to accidentally nip them.

On August 20, it was announced that the descent module had made a soft landing and the dogs Belka and Strelka had returned safely to the ground.

Guys, do you know who the first astronaut was? What do you know about this person? When was the first space flight made? (slide9)

The adult listens to the children’s answers and asks clarifying questions.

Sunny morning on April 12, 1961. The rocket quickly rushed into the sky, leaving behind a fiery trail of burning fuel. Thus, the first spaceship in history with a person on board launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome. And our compatriot Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin became the first cosmonaut of the Earth.

Yuri Gagarin was born on March 9, 1934. At first there was nothing unusual in the fate of this young man. He dreamed of heaven since childhood. But which boy didn’t want to fly airplanes back then? And Yuri became a fighter pilot. And when in 1959 I learned about recruitment into the test squad new technology, immediately submitted a report on enrollment. The selection for cosmonauts was tough: out of 3,000 volunteers, only 20 were accepted. Everything was taken into account: good health, height, weight, endurance, knowledge of technology... Preparation began. The pressure chamber created the conditions that a person had to endure when launching a rocket. In a furiously rotating centrifuge they simulated “cosmic” overloads, testing the body’s strength... The training was very difficult. But Yuri Gagarin endured everything and even joked at the same time, encouraging his comrades. Chief designer of all the first space rockets, Sergei Pavlovich Korolev took a closer look at Gagarin and decided: “This calm one, funny guy and will be the first cosmonaut." And so it happened. (video about Gagarin)

Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin first flew into space on the Vostok-1 spacecraft. His call sign “Cedar” was recognized by all the inhabitants of our planet. Although Gagarin spent only 108 minutes in space, making only one revolution around the Earth, this was only the beginning - the beginning of human exploration of outer space. Half a century has passed since then, but during this time cosmonauts from many countries, both men and women, have been in space. (slide 10-11)

The first human flight into space opened the era of international space stations, the desire to explore the planets closest to Earth - Mars and Venus. Listen to how the poet Alexander Tvardovsky speaks about the day of the first flight into space in his poems.

Ah, this day is the twelfth of April,

How he swept through people's hearts.

It seemed as if the world had involuntarily become kinder,

I was shocked by my victory.

What kind of universal music he thundered,

That holiday, in the colorful flames of banners,

When the unknown son of the land of Smolensk. Was adopted by the Earth-planet. Inhabitant of the Earth, this heroic fellow,

In his space vessel

In a circular pattern, forever unprecedented,

In the depths of the sky he waved over her...

1. And now the alien Vanyusha offers to watch a film about space and the starry sky

Questions after watching:

What is a constellation? (drawing of stars)

What is the name of the science that studies celestial bodies? (astronomy)

Who are astronauts? How do they get to space stations?

What are their clothes called?

(An astronaut is a person who tests space technology and works on it in space.

An astronaut is a researcher. Every day in orbit is experimental work in a space laboratory.

The astronaut plays the role of a biologist, conducting observations of living organisms.)

3.Why do people fly into space? (slide 12)

It is no longer possible to imagine our life without satellite television, satellite Internet, mobile communications Artificial satellites also provide services, they serve meteorology, geodesy, and military intelligence. Space probes and robots sent to other planets brought a lot of new data about their structure, conditions on their surface and other characteristics - this made it possible to shed light on the emergence and history of the Solar system, and to some extent predict its future (including future of the Earth). For telescopes installed in orbit, the earth’s atmosphere does not prevent them from looking into the depths of space - unlike their “brothers” located in observatories on Earth...

1. Summing up the lesson

Guys, our lesson is ending. Let's say goodbye to Vanyusha.

Sit back comfortably, close your eyes, take your seats on our interplanetary spacecraft. Now the ship will rise into the sky. Inhale - exhale. (3 times) Squeeze the steering wheels tightly in your fists and press firmly on the pedals with your feet. Hold it, hold it. Well done! Now release the steering wheels and pedals... Inhale - exhale. You feel how a pleasant heaviness spreads throughout the body, pressing us. The ship takes off. It becomes easy for us. It is important now to breathe evenly: inhale – exhale, 3 times. Fine! We hardly feel our body; it is light and weightless. Inhale-exhale, 2 times.

We are flying in space.

And now she is already close to our home Earth. Let's make a landing. Again, firmly grasp the steering wheels, press hard on the pedals, take a deep breath and exhale (2p), and then release the steering wheels and pedals. How smoothly we boarded! We open our eyes.

Did you enjoy our trip?

What new did you learn?

Dynamic pause “Cosmonauts”

The teacher shows some physical exercise, involving children in their actions.

To become an astronaut, children.

Needed from a very young age

Accustom yourself to order:

Make your bed

Do physical exercises.

Let's stand straight, shoulders wider,

Hands up, stay straight.

From such exercises

You will become stronger and stronger.

Didactic game “Choose a rhyme”

To add variety to the conversation, didactic game"Pick up a rhyme."

* * *

Among the blue field -

The bright shine of a large fire.

The fire moves slowly here,

It goes around Mother Earth,

There is a cheerful light shining in the window.

Well, of course, it's... (the sun).

* * *

On clear nights

A mother and her daughters are walking.

She doesn’t tell her daughters:

Go to bed, it's late! -

Because mother is the moon,

And the daughters... (stars).

* * *

Letter A, letter A -

Alphabet head.

Vova knows, Sveta knows,

“A” looks like... (a rocket).

Educator.

Today, space flights have become completely commonplace for us, the inhabitants of the Earth. It is believed that the exploration of other planets is not far off. But the beginning of this was laid by our Russian cosmonaut. American astronaut Neil Armstrong, the first earthling to walk on the Moon, said this about Yuri Gagarin’s flight: “He called us all into space.”

The teacher offers the following questions for discussion: What do you guys think was difficult about the first space flights? What qualities do you think an astronaut should have? Do you want to become an astronaut yourself?

The song performed by Yu. Gulyaev “Do you know what kind of guy he was...” (music by A. Pakhmutova, lyrics by N. Dobronravov), during which children look at photographs of Yu. Gagarin in albums dedicated to the exploration of outer space.

Do you know what kind of guy he was?

The one who discovered the star trail?

There was fire and thunder

Freezing cosmodrome,

And he said quietly.

He said: "Let's go!"

He waved his hand

As if along Piterskaya, Piterskaya,

Swept over the Earth.

Video. "You know what kind of guy he was"

Goals:

systematize and expand children’s understanding of what space is;

help consolidate acquired knowledge and broaden children’s horizons;

develop memory, attention, desire to learn new things.

Methods used in the lesson:

video method (during the entire event);

verbal;

practical;

problem-search (collection of material);

self-control and mutual control (consolidation of what has been learned).

Forms of work:

frontal;

Individual.

Equipment:

Computer;

Screen;

Projector;

Student reports.

Progress of the lesson

1. Organizational moment.

2. Work on the topic

1st student.

Again the star lit up in the distance.
Our new satellite is flying nearby
With a rough bulk
Earth floating in space.
And the fact that it burns in the darkness,
And sends cheerful signals,
About interplanetary, unprecedented,
He speaks of the coming era.
The path to the future has opened
And over these years we were able
Build happiness on the planet
And further step into the heavens.

Teacher: Guys, guess the riddle: “The peas scattered on a thousand roads.” (Starry sky.)

Every time we go out in the evening, we fix our eyes on the stars. How many interesting things they keep. How you want to get up from the earth and embark on a journey to distant planets and maybe even meet the inhabitants of other planets.

2nd student.

Universe.

The Universe is an immense world beyond the Earth.

The universe was formed as a result of the so-called Big Bang 15 billion years ago.

From matter that gradually cooled, planets, stars, galaxies, comets and other celestial bodies were formed.

3rd student.

Galaxies.

Galaxies are giant collections of stars, gas and dust held together by gravity.

Galaxies revolve around a central point.

There are billions of galaxies in the universe and each contains from one to tens of billions of stars.

Galaxies are located in groups, forming clusters of hundreds and thousands of galaxies.

4th student.

Stars.

The stars shining in the night sky are bodies of hot gas.

Stars study with bright light because their temperatures reach 10 million degrees.

The color of stars depends on their size and temperature. The largest and hottest ones emit a bluish light, while the smallest ones are white, yellow, orange or reddish.

The brightness of a star depends on its distance from the Earth; the closer a star is to us, the brighter it appears.

5th student.

Comets.

Comets are small cosmic bodies consisting of ice, dust and rocks.

They revolve around the Sun in highly elongated elliptical orbits.

Passing near the Sun, a comet loses one cm of the thickness of its shell per day.

Any comet is destined to disappear over time.

6th student.

Sun.

The Sun is the star closest to Earth.

The sun is a giant ball of hot gases.

The sun is the center of the solar system, of which the Earth is a part.

The sun was formed about 5 billion years ago. And it will shine for the same number of years.

The sun rotates around its axis.

7th student.

Planets.

There are 9 planets with 68 satellites, billions of asteroids, meteorites and comets, as well as a huge amount of dust and gas moving around the Sun.

Nine large planets move around the Sun.

Each planet moves along its own path - orbit, around the Sun.

The sun, together with the large and small planets, makes up the solar system.

People live only on Earth; there are no living beings on other planets.

Astronauts did not fly to other planets. They are studied using automatic interplanetary stations.

8th student.

Moon.

The Moon is not a star or a planet, but a large stone ball, several times smaller than the Earth.

She is a satellite of the Earth, the celestial body closest to Earth.

There is no water or air on the moon. You can't live on the moon.

On the surface of the Moon during the day it can be hot up to 130 degrees, and at night it can be cold up to 170 degrees.

The Moon moves around the Earth and goes around it in a month.

Interest in space.

Teacher:

1st student.

2nd student. Tsiolkovsky’s ideas were developed by Friedrich Arturovich Zander, a Soviet scientist and inventor in the field of the theory of interplanetary flights and jet engines.

3rd student. Yuri Vasilyevich Kondratyuk - proposed that when flying to other planets, the ship should be placed in orbit of its artificial satellite. To land a person on another planet and return to the ship, use a small take-off and landing ship

4th student. All the most cherished dreams of the founders of astronautics were realized by Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, a Russian scientist and designer, academician, twice Hero of Socialist Labor. Under his leadership, ballistic and geophysical rockets, the first artificial Earth satellites, and the spaceships “Vostok” and “Voskhod” were created, which were used for the first time in history in human space flight and human spacewalk.

5th student.

6th student.

The scientist continued research and observations of dogs on Earth. It was necessary to find out whether space flight affected the genetics of the animal. Strelka twice gave birth to healthy offspring, cute puppies that everyone would dream of purchasing. But all the puppies were registered, and they were personally responsible for each one.

On March 9, 1961, Chernushka went into space. The dog had to make one revolution around the Earth and return - an exact model of human flight. Everything went smoothly.

On March 25, 1961, Zvezdochka launched. And she had to complete one revolution and land. The flight ended successfully. The dogs have done their job. They were never destined to go into space again.

Monkeys in space.

8th student. In 1969, the Americans launched their first biological satellite with Boni the monkey. But unfortunately, on the fifth day of the flight, the instruments recorded a sharp drop in Bonya’s temperature. The animal was returned to Earth, but it was not possible to save her.
On January 7, 1997, the flight of the Bion-11 satellite ended. For 14 days, two monkeys Krosh and Multik were in space. According to experts, all experiments were successful.
Bio-objects have returned to earth and today scientists are processing the information received.

Yuri Gagarin.

9th student. Born in the small town of Gzhatsk in 1934. He grew up as an active, inquisitive boy; he made airplanes from childhood.
His passion for the sky led him to the Military Aviation School in Orinburg.
In 1960 he began preparing for a flight into space.
On April 12, 1961, the Vostok spacecraft was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
Flew around the Earth once in 108 minutes.
This flight proved that a person can fly into space and return to Earth unharmed.

Conquest of space.

10th student. After Gagarin, hundreds of people flew into space.
In 1965, Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov was the first to go into outer space.
In 1969, American Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the first time.
The Americans landed on the Moon five more times and made many valuable observations.
German Titov spent 24 hours in orbit.
The first female cosmonaut is Valentina Tereshkova.

11th student. Titov German Stepanovich born September 11, 1935, Russian cosmonaut. Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, Colonel General of Aviation, Hero of the Soviet Union (1961).
In the first group of cosmonauts of the USSR, German Titov was one of the best and was appointed Yu. A. Gagarin’s backup during preparation for the first space flight in history on April 12, 1961. In August 1961, German Titov made a space flight on Vostok-2, which lasted 25 hours. Later he left the cosmonaut corps and worked as a test pilot. Tragically died in 2000.

12th student. Leonov Alexey Arkhipovich born May 30, 1934, Russian cosmonaut, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, major general of aviation, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Flight on Voskhod 2 with the first spacewalk in history (March 1965).

13th student. Tereshkova Valentina Vladimirovna was born. 1937, Russian cosmonaut. Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, the world's first female cosmonaut, candidate of technical sciences, colonel, public figure, Hero of the Soviet Union. Flight on Vostok-6 (June 1963). Chairman of the Soviet Women's Committee. Since 1994, head of the Russian Center for International Scientific and Cultural Cooperation.

14th student. Nikolaev Andrian Grigorievich (1929–2004), Russian cosmonaut, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, major general of aviation, candidate of technical sciences, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Flights on Vostok-3 and Soyuz-9.

15th student. Soloviev Vladimir Alekseevich (born 1946), Russian cosmonaut. Pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. Flights on the Soyuz T-10, -11 and the Salyut-7 orbital station, Soyuz T-15, the Salyut-7 orbital station and the Mir orbital complex.

Savitskaya Svetlana Evgenievna (born in 1948), Russian cosmonaut, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Honored Master of Sports. In the 60–70s. world champion and record holder in airplane and parachute sports. Flight on the Soyuz T-5, T-7 and the Salyut-7 orbital station.

16th student.

A special profession is astronaut.

An astronaut is a physician when they participate in medical research into the health of crew members.

An astronaut is a builder, an installer.

3. Summary of the lesson.

– What did we talk about today?
– What new did you hear and learn?