Assignments in the oge in literature. Reference materials for preparing for the exam in literature

Tasks 1.1.3, 1.2.3 and criteria for their verification and

evaluation

The last task of part 1 (1.1.3 or 1.2.3) is the task advanced level complexity and requires writing, on the basis of the texts given in the work, a detailed coherent answer with a volume of 5–8 sentences (an indication of the volume is conditional).

The task involves comparing two texts (text fragments) in the indicated direction, independently extracting information from the material proposed for comparison, finding grounds for constructing comparative analysis within the scope defined in the task.

Before completing this task, it is necessary to carefully read the text proposed for comparison, to understand its connection with the main text. Task 1.1.3 (1.2.3) aims the examinee at a transformative reproduction or some interpretation of the information contained in the texts.

The fulfillment of task 1.1.3 (1.2.3) is evaluated according to the following universal generalized criteria, which do not depend on the content of specific texts.

Criteria for checking and evaluating the performance of comparative tasks 1.1.3 and 1.2.3, requiring writing a coherent answer of 5–8 sentences

Indication of the volume is conditional; the assessment of the answer depends on its content (if there are deep knowledge the examinee can answer in a larger volume; with the ability to accurately formulate their thoughts, the examinee can answer quite fully in a smaller volume). If, when checking the task of the specified group, the expert gives 0 points according to the first criterion, the task is considered not completed and is not evaluated according to other criteria (0 points are given in the protocol for checking answers).

Thus, the graduate should be able to:

1. Compare texts bythe direction indicated in the assignment analysis.

2. Build a comparative characteristic.

3. Know the content and problems of the work as a whole (or the features of the poet's work).

4. Understand the problems of the text proposed for comparison.

5. Give a meaningful justification for comparison.

6. Give convincing arguments.

8. Formulate your own justified position (if required by the specifics of a particular task).

9. Do not replace reasoning with a retelling of the text.

10. Own theoretical and literary concepts.

11. Make out the answer in accordance with speech norms.

Examples of task formulations 1.2.3.

1. Compare the poem "Sea" by V.A. Zhukovsky with the poem by F.I. Tyutchev "Sea and cliff". What is the differenceimage of the seain these works?
2. Compare the poem by A.S. Pushkin "To the Sea" with a poem by A.N. Apukhtin "Farewell to the village", given below. In both works it sounds farewell theme. What is the difference between these farewells?
3. Compare the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov “No, I don’t love you so passionately ...” with the poem by A.K. Tolstoy "With a gun behind his shoulders, alone, by the moon ...". What kindmotives and images bring togethert these poems?
4. Compare the poem by A.S. Pushkin "To Chaadaev" with a poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Farewell, unwashed Russia ...". What do you seedifferences in the mood of lyrical heroesthese works?
5. Compare the fable of I.A. Krylov "Donkey and Nightingale" with the poem below by A.S. Pushkin "The Poet and the Crowd". Whichissues uniteboth works?
6. Compare the poem by V.A. Zhukovsky "The Unspeakable" with a poem by F.I. Tyutchev "Silentium". What kind ideas bring together these poems?
7. Compare the poems of M.Yu. Lermontov "Death of a Poet" and F.I. Tyutchev "January 29, 1837", dedicated to the death of A.S. Pushkin. Howcomprehension differstwo poets of the essence of the tragedy that happened?

The main theoretical and literary concepts:

theme, problem, idea, comprehension, representation of the author; motive, image; lyric hero, state of mind lyrical hero, the mood of the lyrical hero.

Work algorithm

1. Read the assignment carefully.
2. Highlight the key words in the sentence.
3. Remember the literary concepts that are required to complete the assignment.
4. Find grounds for comparison in the texts.
5. Build a comparison.

Example.

Compare the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Poet" with the following poem by F.I. Tyutchev "Poetry". What is the difference between the authors' ideas about the purpose of the poet and poetry?

The main state exam (OGE) in literature in 2018 will bring with it some changes to the final certification from the Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements (FIPI) with the support of Rosobrnadzor and the Ministry of Education. Graduates graduating from school, who want to connect their lives with the world of works of art, should be ready for new assessment criteria, improvement of instructions and qualitative improvement of existing assignments.

In 2018, students in grade 9 will most likely need to take a total of 5 subjects instead of 4: 2 compulsory (mathematics and Russian) and 3 selective, which include the OGE in literature. In 2020, there may already be 6 exams, because today representatives of the Ministry of Education, who are interested in motivating schoolchildren and encouraging them to conscientiously study courses, are seriously thinking about this high school.

Henceforth, the results of works written by choice will be taken into account when forming a certificate - the educational system met with such an innovation already this year. Children will need to successfully pass all examination tests (grade "satisfactory" or "3" or higher). For those who fail to pass the OGE the first time, the Ministry of Education will provide an additional attempt, but this provision will only be relevant for 2 certifications. Students who fail to take advantage of this opportunity and do not cope with at least one of the repeated works will not be awarded the coveted certificate of completion of the high school course. They will be left in the walls educational institution for one more year.

Preparation for the OGE in Literature 2018 can begin at different time depending on whether the student wants to write a test in an early or general format, the main difference of which is the dates of the exams. So, "pre-scheduled" usually undergo certification, starting from the second decade of April. The start of testing for the main stream of schoolchildren begins in May / June, and the period of retakes - in September. In 2018, the premature delivery of literature is dated for April 27 (Friday). The prevailing part of the graduates will go to write the paper only on June 7 (Thursday).

General information about the examination certification in the subject is as follows:

• time - 235 minutes (3 hours 55 minutes);
• the minimum primary score corresponding to the “troika” is 7;
• number of tasks - 4.

More about transfer

According to the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia No. 1394 dated December 25, 2013 “On approval of the Procedure for conducting the state final certification in educational programs main general education", for re-admission to the exam in the current academic year only certain categories of students can hope. These are teenagers who:

1. Received unsatisfactory grades in no more than 2 subjects.
2. They filed an appeal in connection with the violation of the rules of the event and were found right.
3. They did not come to the exam or did not complete the writing of the test for a valid and documented reason (illness, etc.).
4. They handed over the later canceled work in the event that third parties were guilty of this, violating the certification procedure. These can be heads of examination sites (PES), representatives of state commissions, technical specialists, law enforcement officers, medical workers, assistants helping children with handicapped health, and others.

The educational organization is notified of the results of writing the work no more than 10 days after the control check. A change in the result or a complete annulment of the test is carried out within 12 days. A teenager admitted to retake the OGE will need to reappear at the PES (possibly a new one) with an identity document.

Structure of KIMs

Control and measuring materials are tickets that require a written or oral answer to the question posed. At the moment, such a knowledge testing system is considered to be established and worked out, therefore, FIPI employees are not going to make significant adjustments to the forms. And yet, teachers, students and their parents should know and remember some new provisions:

1. Starting next year, the instructions given to the examinees along with the assignments will be more detailed, thorough, consistent and clear. So graduates will be able to more clearly understand what is required of them, and therefore unnecessary organizational issues in the exam can be avoided.
2. Criteria for evaluating detailed answers will henceforth be given based on the USE standards.
3. The highest score that can be obtained for writing a paper will increase from 23 to 29.

Important! Children will be able to get an idea of ​​​​the OGE in literature in 2018 thanks to open bank tasks, as well as demo versions, specifications and codifiers presented on the official website of FIPI. You can find them in the relevant sections on the page fipi.ru/oge-i-gve-9 (menu on the left).

CIM consists of 2 parts. The first includes fragments of works (prose and poetry), from which the student must choose one for further analysis. The essence of the work is to write detailed reasoned answers to 3 questions posed. In the first tasks, you will need to competently, harmoniously and wholeheartedly express your thoughts in 3-5 sentences, and in the last one you will also bring comparative analysis two different passages in 5-8 sentences.

The second part will require the student to write an essay of at least 200 words on one of the 4 topics. At the same time, the organizers of the OGE-2018 allow teenagers to use full texts works (including lyrical ones) from the list of literature available in official sources to argue their position and quote. Books will be placed on a separate table of the examiner and will be freely available.

The evaluation criteria take into account:

• meaningful correspondence of the answer to the task (understanding of the given fragments without distorting the author's point of view);
• the degree of analysis of images, details, micro-themes, motifs, etc.;
• factual, logical and verbal accuracy;
• the ability to compare works and work with texts;
• correspondence of the essay to the topic and its disclosure;
• possession of theoretical and literary terms;
• compositional integrity and logic;
• compliance with speech norms (the maximum possible number of errors that do not entail the loss of points for this item is no more than 2).

For each of the tasks you can get:

• No. 1 and No. 2 - 5 points each;
• No. 3 - 6 points;
• No. 4 (composition) - 13 points.

The final results are correlated with the grade, which is then affixed to the certificate:

• 0-9 points correspond to the assessment of "deuce";
• 10-17 - "troika";
• 18-24 - "four";
• 25-29 - "five".

How to prepare

In order to prepare for the OGE in Literature 2018, you need to hone your own literacy and engage in tireless analysis and interpretation of works included in the official FIPI list, which is mandatory reading for graduates of the 9th grade.

Video tips "experienced What books to read first:

A text fragment (or a poem, or a fable) is accompanied by a system of written tasks (three tasks for each option) aimed at analyzing the problem artwork and the main means of disclosing the author's idea. Each of the first two tasks involves a written answer in the approximate volume of 3-5 sentences and is evaluated with a maximum of 3 points.

The third task (1.1.3 or 1.2.3) involves not only thinking about the proposed text, but also comparing it with another work or fragment, the text of which is also given in the examination paper (approximate volume - 5–8 sentences).

Part 2 of the examination paper contains four topics of essays that require detailed written reasoning. The examiner chooses one of the four topics offered to him (the student is invited to take 115 minutes to create an essay). In the essay on lyrics, the examinee must analyze at least two poems (their number can be increased at the discretion of the examinee). Examinees are recommended a volume of at least 200 words (if the essay contains less than 150 words, then such work is considered unfulfilled).

The essay is evaluated with a maximum of 12 points.

Scale for converting points into grades:

"2"– from 0 to 6

"3"– from 7 to 13

"4"– from 14 to 18

"5"– from 19 to 23

The system for assessing the performance of individual tasks and the examination work as a whole

Evaluation of the performance of tasks of the examination paper is carried out on the basis of special criteria developed for the three types of tasks that require a detailed answer in different volumes.

For completing each of the two tasks basic level complexity (1.1.1, 1.1.2; 1.2.1, 1.2.2), the examiner can get a maximum of 3 points (2 points for the content criterion and 1 point for the speech design of the answer).

Completion of a task of an increased level of complexity (1.1.3 or 1.2.3) is evaluated according to three criteria: “The ability to compare works of art”; “The depth of the judgments made and the persuasiveness of the arguments”; "According to the rules of speech." The first criterion is the main one: if the expert gives 0 points according to it, the task is considered not completed and is not evaluated according to other criteria (0 points are given in the protocol for checking answers). The maximum for completing tasks 1.1.3 or 1.2.3, the examinee can receive 5 points.

Completion of the task of part 2 (essay) is evaluated according to five criteria: “The depth of disclosure of the topic of the essay and the persuasiveness of judgments” (maximum - 3 points); "The level of proficiency in theoretical and literary concepts" (maximum - 2 points); "Substantiation of using the text of the work" (maximum - 2 points); "Compositional integrity and logical presentation" (maximum - 2 points); "Following the norms of speech" (maximum - 3 points). Thus, an examinee can receive a maximum of 12 points for an essay. The first criterion is the main one: if the expert gives 0 points according to it, the task is considered not completed and is not evaluated according to other criteria (0 points are given in the protocol for checking answers). When evaluating an essay, its length is also taken into account. Examinees are recommended to write at least 200 words. If the essay contains less than 150 words (the word count includes all words, including service words), then such work is considered incomplete and 0 points are assessed.

235 minutes are allotted to complete the examination paper.

In 2018, the first part of the OGE in literature will remain unchanged. Graduates choose one of two options and write detailed answers to tasks in the text. Volume - 5-8 sentences.

Below you have two options for a detailed answer for the three tasks of part one as an example of the answers to the first three tasks of the OGE in literature. Topics relate to "Dead Souls" by Gogol and Tyutchev's poem "There is in the autumn of the original ...".

Open the demo version of the OGE in Literature 2017 and read the assignments and the text for it.

We analyze option 1

Task 1.1.1

What properties of Chichikov's nature manifested themselves in his internal monologue?

Answer to task 1.1.1

The internal monologue is one of the means that Gogol resorts to to characterize his character. In this fragment, such features of Chichikov as prudence, attentiveness and coldness are revealed to the reader: "But our hero was already middle-aged and a prudently chilled character." Emotional impulses and recklessness in behavior are alien to him. Chichikov is a typical cynic, subordinating his impulses to reason, which makes him think first - then act. The same traits of the hero can be found in chapter 4, where the nature of the hero is revealed through a conversation with Nozdryov.

Task 1.1.2

Answer to task 1.1.2

The mention of a twenty-year-old youth is given to indicate the contrast between the behavior of a young man and the behavior that Chichikov demonstrated. At twenty years old, young men are still a little naive, impressionable and ready for rash acts, "forgetting themselves, and service, and the world, and everything that is in the world." Their behavior is guided by strong spiritual impulses, and the mind is always inferior to the heart. Such behavior completely contradicts the prudence of Chichikov's "middle years".

Task 1.1.3.

Compare the fragments of the poem by N.V. Gogol " Dead Souls"and comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth". In what way is Skotinin similar to Chichikov, who thought about the "young stranger"?

An excerpt from task 1.1.3

Skotinin. Why can't I see my bride? Where is she? In the evening there will be already an agreement, so isn't it time for her to say that she is being married off?
Ms Prostakova. We'll make it, brother. If she is told this ahead of time, then she may still think that we are reporting to her. Although by my husband, however, I am a relative of hers; And I love that strangers listen to me.
Prostakov (Skotinin). To tell the truth, we treated Sofyushka like a real orphan. After her father, she remained a baby. Tom, with six months, as her mother, and my fiancé, had a stroke ...
Mrs. Prostakova (shows that she is baptizing her heart). The power of the cross is with us.
Prostakov. From which she went into the next world. Her uncle, Mr. Starodum, went to Siberia; and since for several years now there has been no rumor or news about him, we consider him dead. We, seeing that she was left alone, took her to our village and oversee her estate as if it were our own.
Ms Prostakova. Why are you so upset today, my father? Another brother might think that we took her to us for the sake of interest.
Prostakov. Well, mother, how can he think it? After all, Sofyushkino's real estate cannot be moved to us.
Skotinin. And although the movable has been put forward, I am not a petitioner. I don't like to bother, and I'm afraid. No matter how much the neighbors offended me, no matter how much damage they did, I didn’t hit anyone with my forehead, and any loss, than to go after him, I’ll tear off my own peasants, and the ends are in the water.
Prostakov. That's true, brother: the whole neighborhood says that you are a masterful collector of dues.
Ms Prostakova. If only you would teach us, brother father; and we can't. Since we took away everything that the peasants had, we can no longer tear anything off. Such trouble!
Skotinin. If you please, sister, I will teach you, I will teach you, just marry me to Sofyushka.
Ms Prostakova. Do you really like this girl?
Skotinin. No, I don't like a girl.
Prostakov. So in the neighborhood of her village?
Skotinin. And not villages, but the fact that it is found in villages and what my mortal hunt is.
Ms Prostakova. To what, brother?
Skotinin. I love pigs, sister, and we have such large pigs in our neighborhood that there is not a single one of them that, standing on its hind legs, would not be taller than each of us by a whole head.

(D.I. Fonvizin. "Undergrowth")

Answer to task 1.1.3

Chichikov and Skotinin can find a series common features, such as prudence, selfishness, lack of romantic impulse. Chichikov is a typical "acquirer", in whom Gogol saw a new evil in Russia: quiet, diligent, but enterprising. He only cares about his own benefit, and in his eyes only a thousand two hundred dowry can make a young girl a "tasty morsel". At the landowner Skotinin main characteristic already included in his name. He is also concerned about his own benefit, but it does not even find expression in money. After all, the main passion of this hero is pigs. He wants to marry Sofyushka, but only because his favorites are found in her village. Both Chichikov's cold prudence and Skotinin's selfish ignorance are similar in their lack of interest in everything that does not directly lead to the satisfaction of their self-interest.

We analyze option 2

Task 1.2.1

What mood is imbued with the poem "There is in the autumn of the original ..."?

Answer to task 1.2.1

Tyutchev's poem creates a mood of peace and solemnity. To do this, the poet uses expressive epithets: “in the initial autumn”, “wonderful time”, “pure and warm azure”, etc. The feeling of innuendo and languor is given to the poem by the frequently occurring dots, which symbolize that the time of stormy emotions ended with the summer. Autumn is a time of unhurried reflection and relaxation.

Task 1.2.2.

What role do epithets play in the poem "There is in the original autumn ..."?

Answer to task 1.2.2.

Epithets are especially important when describing nature. After all, they allow not only to describe objects, but to convey the attitude of the author to what he writes about. Even the most ordinary words used as epithets can create vivid images. "Peppy sickle", "webs thin hair”, “short time”, “on an idle furrow”, “crystal day” - all these combinations create the mood of the poem, conveying Tyutchev's feelings caused by early autumn.

Task 1.2.3

What is the difference between the pictures of autumn created in the poems of F.I. Tyutchev "There is in the autumn of the original ..." and N.A. Nekrasov "Before the rain"

An excerpt from a poem for task 1.2.3

BEFORE THE RAIN

A mournful wind drives
I flock clouds to the edge of heaven,
Broken spruce groans,
The dark forest whispers dully.

On the stream, pockmarked and motley,
A leaf flies after a leaf,
And a stream dry and sharp
The cold is coming.

Twilight falls on everything;
Flying from all sides,
Whirling in the air with a cry
A flock of jackdaws and crows.

Above the roadway
The top is lowered, the front is closed;
And went!" - standing up with a whip,
The gendarme shouts to the driver...

(N.A. Nekrasov. 1846)

Answer to task 1.2.3.

Tyutchev's poem describes early autumn, which the author himself calls "wonderful times." The work is permeated with peace and admiration for the beauty of nature. This is the moment when both the earth and people rest: “Where the cheerful sickle walked and the ear fell / Now everything is empty - space is everywhere ...”. Autumn is represented by a beautiful, solemn time, when the cold weather is still far away and you can indulge in thoughts and tender sadness. Nekrasov presents a completely different autumn: it is unfriendly and unmerciful to the traveler. “Pure and warm azure” gives way to “a mournful wind”, and “radiant evenings” to “twilight that falls on everything”. The autumn described by Nekrasov evokes a mood of anxiety and sadness. Two poems - personify two opposite pictures of autumn, familiar to everyone.

Literature examination paper consists of two parts.

In the first part of the work, it is supposed to analyze the text of a work of art placed in the examination paper itself, in the second part, topics of essays are proposed.

When evaluating the performance of all types of tasks, the verbal design of the answers is taken into account.

First part consists of two alternatives(we need to choose one of them). The first option offers an analysis of a fragment of an epic, dramatic or lyrical epic work, and the second option offers an analysis of a lyric poem or fable.

Each of the first two tasks requires a written response in the approximate volume 3–5 offers and is worth a maximum of 3 points.

Third task the first part involves not only thinking about the proposed text, but also comparing it with another work or fragment, the text of which is also given in the examination paper. The approximate volume is 5–8 sentences.

It is recommended that the examinee take 120 minutes to complete the tasks of part 1 of the work.

Second part examination work contains four topics of essays that require detailed written reasoning.

The first theme refers to the work from which the fragment for the first version of the first part is taken, and the second - to the work of the poet, whose lyric poem or fable is included in the second version of the first part.

Tasks 2.3 and 2.4 are formulated according to the work of other writers whose works were not included in the options for part 1 ( ancient Russian literature; literature XVIII, XIX and XX centuries). Tasks 2.3, 2.4 are not related to the problems of the works given in the first part of the examination paper. The examinee chooses one of the four topics offered to him.

In the essay on lyrics, the examinee must analyze at least two poems.

The student is asked to take 115 minutes to write the essay.