Entertaining experiments in physics at home. Interesting experiments in physics for children

Such a complex but interesting science as chemistry always causes an ambiguous reaction among schoolchildren. The children are interested in experiments, as a result of which substances of bright colors are obtained, gases are released or precipitation occurs. But only a few of them like to write complex equations of chemical processes.

The Importance of Entertaining Experiences

According to modern federal standards in general education schools, such a subject of the program as chemistry was also not left without attention.

As part of the study of complex transformations of substances and solving practical problems, the young chemist hones his skills in practice. It is in the course of unusual experiments that the teacher forms an interest in the subject in his pupils. But in ordinary lessons, it is difficult for a teacher to find enough free time for non-standard experiments, and there is simply no time to conduct them for children.

To remedy this, additional elective and elective courses were invented. By the way, many children who are fond of chemistry in grades 8-9 become doctors, pharmacists, scientists in the future, because in such classes a young chemist gets the opportunity to independently conduct experiments and draw conclusions from them.

What courses are associated with entertaining chemistry experiments?

In the old days, chemistry for children was available only from the 8th grade. No special courses or extracurricular activities in the field of chemistry were offered to children. In fact, there was simply no work with gifted children in chemistry, which had a negative impact on the attitude of schoolchildren to this discipline. The guys were afraid and did not understand complex chemical reactions, they made mistakes in writing ionic equations.

In connection with the reform of the modern education system, the situation has changed. Now in educational institutions are offered in the lower grades. The children are happy to do the tasks that the teacher offers them, learn to draw conclusions.

Optional courses related to chemistry help high school students gain skills in working with laboratory equipment, and those designed for younger students contain vivid, demonstrative chemical experiments. For example, children study the properties of milk, get acquainted with those substances that are obtained when it is sour.

Experiments with water

Entertaining chemistry for children is interesting when, during the experiment, they see an unusual result: gas evolution, bright color, unusual sediment. A substance such as water is considered ideal for conducting a variety of entertaining chemical experiments for schoolchildren.

For example, chemistry for children of 7 years old may begin with an acquaintance with its properties. The teacher tells the children that most of our planet is covered with water. The teacher also informs the pupils that in a watermelon it is more than 90 percent, and in a person - about 65-70%. Having told schoolchildren about how important water is for humans, we can offer them some interesting experiments. At the same time, it is worth emphasizing the “magic” of water in order to intrigue schoolchildren.

By the way, in this case, the standard set of chemistry for children does not involve any expensive equipment - it is quite possible to limit yourself to available devices and materials.

Experience "Ice Needle"

Let's give an example of such a simple and also interesting experiment with water. This is a building of ice sculpture - "needles". For the experiment you will need:

• water;
• salt;
• ice cubes.

The duration of the experiment is 2 hours, so such an experiment cannot be carried out in a regular lesson. First you need to pour water into the ice mold, put in the freezer. After 1-2 hours, after the water turns into ice, entertaining chemistry can continue. For the experience, you will need 40-50 ready-made ice cubes.

First, the children must arrange 18 cubes on the table in the form of a square, leaving an empty space in the center. Then, after sprinkling them with table salt, they are carefully applied to each other, thus gluing together.

Gradually, all the cubes are connected, and as a result, a thick and long “needle” of ice is obtained. To make it, 2 teaspoons of table salt and 50 small pieces of ice are enough.

It is possible, by tinting the water, to make the ice sculptures multi-colored. And as a result of such a simple experience, chemistry for children of 9 years old becomes an understandable and exciting science. You can experiment by gluing ice cubes in the form of a pyramid or rhombus.

Experiment "Tornado"

This experiment will not require special materials, reagents and tools. The guys will be able to make it in 10-15 minutes. For the experiment, stock up:

• plastic transparent bottle with a cap;
• water;
• dishwashing detergent;
• sequins.

The bottle must be filled 2/3 with plain water. Then add 1-2 drops of dishwashing detergent to it. After 5-10 seconds, pour a couple of pinches of sparkles into the bottle. Tighten the cap tightly, turn the bottle upside down, holding the neck, and twist clockwise. Then we stop and look at the resulting vortex. Until the "tornado" works, you will have to scroll the bottle 3-4 times.

Why does a "tornado" appear in an ordinary bottle?

When a child makes circular movements, a whirlwind similar to a tornado appears. The rotation of water around the center occurs due to the action of centrifugal force. The teacher tells the children about how terrible tornadoes are in nature.

Such an experience is absolutely safe, but after it, chemistry for children becomes a truly fabulous science. To make the experiment more vivid, you can use a coloring agent, for example, potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate).

Experiment "Soap Bubbles"

Want to teach kids what fun chemistry is? Programs for children do not allow the teacher to pay due attention to experiments in the lessons, there is simply no time for this. So, let's do this optionally.

For elementary school students, this experiment will bring a lot of positive emotions, and you can do it in a few minutes. We will need:

• liquid soap;
• jar;
• water;
• thin wire.

In a jar, mix one part liquid soap with six parts water. We bend the end of a small piece of wire in the form of a ring, lower it into the soap mixture, carefully pull it out and blow out a beautiful soap bubble of our own making from the mold.

Only wire that does not have a nylon layer is suitable for this experiment. Otherwise, children will not be able to blow soap bubbles.

In order to make it more interesting for the guys, you can add food coloring to the soap solution. You can arrange soap competitions between schoolchildren, then chemistry for children will become a real holiday. The teacher thus introduces the children to the concept of solutions, solubility and explains the reasons for the appearance of bubbles.

Entertaining experience "Water from plants"

To begin with, the teacher explains how important water is for cells in living organisms. It is with the help of it that the transport of nutrients occurs. The teacher notes that in case of insufficient amount of water in the body, all living things die.

For the experiment you will need:

• spirit lamp;
• test tubes;
• green leaves;
• test tube holder;
• copper sulfate (2);
• beaker.

This experiment will require 1.5-2 hours, but as a result, chemistry for children will be a manifestation of a miracle, a symbol of magic.

Green leaves are placed in a test tube, fixed in the holder. In the flame of an alcohol lamp, you need to heat the entire test tube 2-3 times, and then this is done only with the part where the green leaves are.

The glass should be placed so that the gaseous substances released in the test tube fall into it. As soon as the heating is completed, to a drop of the liquid obtained inside the glass, add grains of white anhydrous copper sulfate. Gradually, the white color disappears, and copper sulfate becomes blue or blue.

This experience leads children to complete delight, because the color of substances changes before their eyes. At the end of the experiment, the teacher tells the children about such a property as hygroscopicity. It is due to its ability to absorb water vapor (moisture) that white copper sulfate changes its color to blue.

Experiment "Magic Wand"

This experiment is suitable for an introductory lesson in an elective course in chemistry. First, you need to make a star-shaped blank from it and soak it in a solution of phenolphthalein (indicator).

During the experiment itself, the star attached to the "magic wand" is first immersed in an alkali solution (for example, in a solution of sodium hydroxide). Children see how in a matter of seconds her color changes and a bright crimson color appears. Next, the colored form is placed in an acid solution (for the experiment, the use of a hydrochloric acid solution would be optimal), and the crimson color disappears - the asterisk becomes colorless again.

If the experiment is carried out for kids, during the experiment the teacher tells a "chemical fairy tale". For example, the hero of a fairy tale can be an inquisitive mouse who wanted to know why there are so many bright colors in a magical land. For students in grades 8-9, the teacher introduces the concept of "indicator" and notes which indicators can determine the acidic environment, and which substances are needed to determine the alkaline environment of solutions.

The Genie in the Bottle Experience

This experiment is demonstrated by the teacher himself, using a special fume hood. The experience is based on the specific properties of concentrated nitric acid. Unlike many acids, concentrated nitric acid is able to enter into chemical interaction with metals located after hydrogen (with the exception of platinum, gold).

Pour it into a test tube and add a piece of copper wire there. Under the hood, the test tube is heated, and the children observe the appearance of “red gin” vapors.

For students in grades 8-9, the teacher writes the equation of a chemical reaction, highlights the signs of its course (color change, the appearance of gas). This experience is not suitable for demonstration outside the walls of the school chemistry room. According to safety regulations, it involves the use of nitric oxide vapors (“brown gas”) are dangerous for children.

Home experiments

In order to warm up the interest of schoolchildren in chemistry, you can offer a home experiment. For example, to conduct an experiment on growing salt crystals.

The child should prepare a saturated solution of table salt. Then place a thin branch in it, and, as the water evaporates from the solution, salt crystals will “grow” on the branch.

The jar of solution must not be shaken or rotated. And when after 2 weeks the crystals grow, the stick must be very carefully removed from the solution and dried. And then, if desired, you can cover the product with a colorless varnish.

Conclusion

There is no more interesting subject in the school curriculum than chemistry. But in order for children not to be afraid of this complex science, the teacher must devote sufficient time in his work to entertaining experiments and unusual experiments.

It is the practical skills that are formed in the course of such work that will help stimulate interest in the subject. And in the lower grades, entertaining experiments are considered by the Federal State Educational Standards as an independent project and research activity.

Many people think that science is boring and dreary. So says the one who has not seen the science shows from "Eureka". What happens in our "lessons"? No cramming, boring formulas and a sour expression on the face of a desk mate. Children like our science, all experiments and experiments, they love our science, our science gives joy and stimulates further knowledge of complex subjects.

Try it yourself, to conduct entertaining experiments in physics for children at home. It will be fun, and most importantly, very informative. Your child will get acquainted with the laws of physics in a playful way, and it has been proven that in the game, children quickly and easily learn the material and remember for a long time.

Entertaining experiments in physics that should be shown to children at home

Simple entertaining experiments in physics that children will remember for a lifetime. Everything you need to conduct these experiments is at your fingertips. So, forward to scientific discoveries!

A ball that doesn't burn!

Props: 2 balloons, candle, matches, water.

Interesting experience: We inflate the first balloon and hold it over a candle to demonstrate to the kids that the balloon will burst from the fire.

Pour plain tap water into the second ball, tie it up and bring the candles to the fire again. And about a miracle! What do we see? The ball does not burst!

The water that is in the balloon absorbs the heat generated by the candle, and therefore the balloon does not burn, therefore, does not burst.

Wonder Pencils

Requisites: plastic bag, ordinary sharpened pencils, water.

Interesting experience: Pour water into a plastic bag - not full, half.

In the place where the bag is filled with water, we pierce the bag through with pencils. What do we see? In places of a puncture - the package does not leak. Why? And, if you do the opposite: first pierce the bag, and then pour water into it, the water will flow through the holes.

How the "miracle" happens: explanation: When polyethylene breaks, its molecules are attracted closer to each other. In our experiment, the polyethylene is pulled around the pencils and keeps the water from leaking.

Non-explosive ball

Requisites: balloon, wooden skewer and dishwashing liquid.

Interesting experience: Lubricate the top and bottom of the ball with dishwashing liquid, pierce with a skewer, starting from the bottom.

How the "miracle" happens: explanation: And the secret of this “trick” is simple. To save a whole ball, you need to know where to pierce - at the points of least tension, which are located at the bottom and at the top of the ball.

"Cauliflower

Requisites: 4 ordinary glasses of water, bright food coloring, cabbage leaves or white flowers.

Interesting experience: We add food coloring of any color to each glass and put one leaf of cabbage or a flower in colored water. We leave the "bouquet" for the night. And in the morning... we will see that the cabbage leaves or flowers have become different colors.

How the "miracle" happens: explanation: Plants absorb water to nourish their flowers and leaves. This is due to the capillary effect, in which water itself fills the thin tubes inside the plants. By sucking in the tinted water, the leaves and color change their color.

The egg that can swim

Requisites: 2 eggs, 2 cups of water, salt.

Interesting experience: Carefully place the egg in a glass of plain clean water. We see: it drowned, sank to the bottom (if not, the egg is rotten and it is better to throw it away).
But in the second glass, pour warm water and stir 4-5 tablespoons of salt in it. We wait until the water has cooled, then lower the second egg into the salt water. And what do we see now? The egg floats on the surface and does not sink! Why?

How the "miracle" happens: explanation: It's all about density! The average density of an egg is much greater than the density of plain water, so the egg "sinks". And the density of the saline solution is greater, and therefore the egg “floats”.

Delicious Experiment: Crystal Candy

Requisites: 2 cups water, 5 cups sugar, wooden sticks for mini skewers, thick paper, transparent glasses, saucepan, food coloring.

Interesting experience: Take a quarter cup of water, add 2 tablespoons of sugar, boil the syrup. At the same time, pour a little sugar onto thick paper. Then dip a wooden skewer into the syrup and collect sugar with it.

Let the sticks dry overnight.

In the morning we dissolve 5 glasses of sugar in two glasses of water, leave the syrup to cool for 15 minutes, but not much, otherwise the crystals will not “grow”. Then pour the syrup into jars and add multi-colored food coloring. We lower the skewers with sugar into jars so that they do not touch either the walls or the bottom (you can use a clothespin). What's next? And then we observe the process of crystal growth, we are waiting for the result in order to ... eat!

How the “miracle” happens: explanation: As soon as the water begins to cool, the solubility of sugar decreases and it precipitates, settling on the walls of the vessel and on a skewer with a seed of sugar grains.

"Eureka"! Science without boredom!

There is another option to motivate children to study science - order a science show at the Evrika Development Center. Oh, what's not here!

Show program "Fun Kitchen"

Here, the kids are waiting for exciting experiments with those things and products that are available in any kitchen. The kids will try to drown the tangerine; make drawings on milk, check the egg for freshness, and also find out why milk is useful.

"Tricks"

This program contains experiments that at first glance seem like real magic tricks, but in fact they are all explained with the help of science. The kids will find out: why the balloon over the candle does not burst; what makes an egg float, why a balloon sticks to a wall... and other interesting experiments.

"Entertaining physics"

Does the air weigh, why does a fur coat warm, what is common between the experiment with a candle and the shape of the wing of birds and airplanes, can a piece of fabric hold water, can an eggshell of a whole elephant withstand these and other questions, the kids will receive an answer by becoming a participant in the show " Entertaining physics" from "Eureka".

These entertaining experiments in physics for schoolchildren can be carried out in the classroom to draw students' attention to the phenomenon being studied, while repeating and consolidating the educational material: they deepen and expand the knowledge of schoolchildren, contribute to the development of logical thinking, instill interest in the subject.

It Matters: Science Show Safety

• The main part of the props and consumables is purchased directly from specialized stores of manufacturing companies in the United States, and therefore you can be sure of their quality and safety;
• Evrika Child Development Center non-scientific shows of materials that are toxic or otherwise harmful to children's health, easily breakable objects, lighters and other “harmful and dangerous”;
• Before ordering scientific shows, each client can find out a detailed description of the experiments being carried out, and, if necessary, sensible explanations;
• Before the start of science shows, the children are instructed on the rules of conduct at the Show, and professional Hosts make sure that these rules are not violated during the show.

Did you know that May 29 is Chemist's Day? Which of us in childhood did not dream of creating peculiar magic, amazing chemical experiments? It's time to turn your dreams into reality! Read on and we will tell you how to have fun Chemist Day 2017, as well as what chemistry experiments for kids are easy to do at home.

home volcano

If you are no longer attracted, then ... Want to see a volcanic eruption? Try making it at home! To arrange a chemical experiment "volcano" you will need soda, vinegar, food coloring, a plastic cup, a glass of warm water.

Pour 2-3 tablespoons of table soda into a plastic cup, add ¼ cup of warm water and a little food coloring, preferably red. Then add ¼ of vinegar and watch the "eruption" of the volcano.

Rose and ammonia

A very interesting and original chemical experiment with plants can be viewed on a video from YouTube:

self-inflating balloon

Do you want to conduct safe chemistry experiments for children? Then you will definitely like the balloon experiment. Prepare in advance: a plastic bottle, baking soda, a balloon and vinegar.

Pour 1 teaspoon of baking soda inside the ball. Pour ½ cup of vinegar into the bottle, then put the ball on the neck of the bottle and make sure that the soda gets into the vinegar. As a result of a violent chemical reaction, which is accompanied by the active release of carbon dioxide, the balloon will begin to inflate.

pharaoh snake

For the experiment you will need: calcium gluconate tablets, dry fuel, matches or a gas burner. See the YouTube video for the steps:

color magic

Do you want to surprise a child? Rather, conduct chemical experiments with color! You will need the following available ingredients: starch, iodine, a transparent container.

Mix white starch and brown iodine in a container. As a result, you will get an amazing mixture of blue.

We grow a snake

The most interesting home chemistry experiments can be done using available ingredients. To create a snake, you will need: a plate, river sand, powdered sugar, ethyl alcohol, a lighter or burner, baking soda.

Pour a sand slide onto a plate and soak it with alcohol. In the top of the slide, make a recess where you carefully add powdered sugar and soda. Now we set fire to the sand hill and observe. After a couple of minutes, a dark wriggling ribbon will begin to grow from the top of the hill, which resembles a snake.

How to conduct chemical experiments with an explosion, see the following video from Youtube:

Home experiments for children 4 years old require imagination and knowledge of the simple laws of chemistry and physics. “If these sciences were not very good at school, you will have to make up for lost time,” many parents will think. This is not so, experiments can be very simple, not requiring special knowledge, skills and reagents, but at the same time explaining the fundamental laws of nature.

Experiments for children at home will help, using a practical example, to explain the properties of substances and the laws of their interaction, arouse interest in an independent study of the world around them. Interesting physical experiments will teach children to be observant, help to think logically, establishing patterns between ongoing events and their consequences. Perhaps the kids will not become great chemists, physicists or mathematicians, but they will forever keep warm memories of parental attention in their souls.

From this article you will learn

unfamiliar paper

Kids like to make applications out of paper, draw pictures. Some children of 4 years old master the art of origami with their parents. Everyone knows that paper is soft or thick, white or colored. And what is an ordinary white sheet of paper capable of, if you experiment with it?

Animated paper flower

An asterisk is cut out of a sheet of paper. Bend its rays inward in the form of a flower. Water is collected in a cup and an asterisk is lowered to the surface of the water. After a while, the paper flower, as if alive, will begin to open. The water will wet the cellulose fibers that make up the paper and straighten them out.

Strong bridge

This paper experience will be interesting for children 3 years old. Ask the kids how to put an apple in the middle of a thin sheet of paper between two glasses so that it does not fall. How do you make a paper bridge strong enough to support the weight of an apple? We fold a sheet of paper with an accordion and put it on supports. Now it can support the weight of an apple. This is due to the fact that the shape of the structure has changed, which made the paper strong enough. Depending on the shape, the properties of materials become stronger, projects of many architectural creations are based, for example, the Eiffel Tower.

Animated snake

Scientific proof of the upward movement of warm air can be given by a simple experiment. A snake is cut out of paper, cutting a circle in a spiral. You can revive a paper snake very simply. A small hole is made in her head and hung by a thread over a heat source (battery, heater, burning candle). The snake will begin to spin rapidly. The reason for this phenomenon is the upward warm air flow, which spins the paper snake. In the same way, you can make paper birds or butterflies, beautiful and colorful, by hanging them under the ceiling in the apartment. They will rotate from the movement of air, as if flying.

Who is stronger

This entertaining experiment will help you determine which paper shape is more durable. For the experiment, you will need three sheets of office paper, glue and a few thin books. A cylindrical column is glued from one sheet of paper, a triangular one from another, and a rectangular one from the third. They put the "columns" vertically and test them for strength, carefully placing books on top. As a result of the experiment, it turns out that the triangular column is the weakest, and the cylindrical column is the strongest - it will withstand the greatest weight. No wonder the columns in temples and buildings are made precisely of a cylindrical shape, the load on them is distributed evenly over the entire area.

Amazing Salt

Ordinary salt is today in every home, not a single meal can do without it. You can try to make beautiful children's crafts from this affordable product. All you need is salt, water, wire and a little patience.

Salt has interesting properties. It can attract water to itself, dissolving in it, while increasing the density of the solution. But in a supersaturated solution, the salt again turns into crystals.

To conduct an experiment with salt, a beautiful symmetrical snowflake or other figure is bent from a wire. Salt is dissolved in a jar of warm water until it no longer dissolves. They lower the bent wire into the jar, and put it in the shade for several days. As a result, the wire will become overgrown with salt crystals, and will look like a beautiful ice snowflake that will not melt.

Water and ice

Water exists in three states of aggregation: vapor, liquid and ice. The purpose of this experiment is to introduce children to the properties of water and ice and compare them.

Pour water into 4 ice molds and place them in the freezer. To make it more interesting, you can tint the water before freezing with different dyes. Cold water is poured into a cup, and two ice cubes are thrown into it. Simple ice boats or icebergs will float on the surface of the water. This experiment will prove that ice is lighter than water.

While the boats are floating, the remaining ice cubes are sprinkled with salt. See what will happen. After a short time, before the room fleet in the cup has time to go to the bottom (if the water is quite cold), the cubes sprinkled with salt will begin to crumble. This is because the freezing point of salt water is lower than that of normal water.

Fire that doesn't burn

In ancient times, when Egypt was a powerful country, Moses fled from the wrath of Pharaoh and tended herds in the wilderness. One day he saw a strange bush that burned and did not burn. It was a special fire. But can objects that are engulfed in ordinary flames remain unharmed? Yes, this is possible, it can be proved with the help of experience.

For the experiment, you will need a piece of paper or a banknote. A tablespoon of alcohol and two tablespoons of water. The paper is moistened with water so that the water is absorbed into it, poured over with alcohol and set on fire. Fire appears. It's burning alcohol. When the fire goes out, the paper will remain intact. The experimental result is explained very simply - the combustion temperature of alcohol, as a rule, is not enough to evaporate the moisture that the paper is impregnated with.

natural indicators

If the baby wants to feel like a real chemist, you can make special paper for him, which will change color depending on the acidity of the environment.

A natural indicator is prepared from red cabbage juice containing anthocyanin. This substance changes color depending on which liquid it comes into contact with. Anthocyanin-impregnated paper will turn yellow in an acidic solution, green in a neutral solution, and blue in an alkaline solution.

To prepare a natural indicator, take filter paper, a head of red cabbage, gauze and scissors. Finely chop the cabbage and squeeze the juice through cheesecloth, wrinkling your hands. Saturate a sheet of paper with juice and dry. Then cut the made indicator into strips. A child can dip a piece of paper into four different liquids: milk, juice, tea or soapy water, and watch the color of the indicator change.

Electrification by friction

In ancient times, people noticed the special ability of amber to attract light objects if rubbed with a woolen cloth. They did not yet have knowledge of electricity, therefore they explained this property by the spirit living in the stone. It is from the Greek name for amber - electron - that the word electricity comes from.

Not only amber has such amazing properties. A simple experiment can be done to see how a glass rod or a plastic comb attracts small pieces of paper towards itself. To do this, you need to rub the glass with silk, and the plastic with wool. They will begin to attract small pieces of paper that will stick to them. After a while, this ability of items will disappear.

You can discuss with the children that this phenomenon occurs due to friction electrification. Rapid rubbing of the cloth against the object may cause sparks. Lightning in the sky and thunder are also a consequence of the friction of air currents and the occurrence of discharges of electricity in the atmosphere.

Solutions of different densities - interesting details

You can get a multi-colored rainbow in a glass of liquids of different colors by making jelly and pouring it layer by layer. But there is an easier way, although not as tasty.

To conduct the experiment, you will need sugar, vegetable oil, plain water and dyes. From sugar, a concentrated sweet syrup is prepared, and pure water is dyed with a dye. Sugar syrup is poured into a glass, then gently along the wall of the glass so that the liquids do not mix, clean water is poured, and vegetable oil is added at the end. The sugar syrup should be cold and the colored water warm. All liquids will remain in the glass like a small rainbow, without mixing with each other. At the bottom there will be the densest sugar syrup, at the top there will be some water, and oil, as the lightest, will be on top of the water.

color explosion

Another interesting experiment can be done using different densities of vegetable oil and water by making a color explosion in a jar. For the experiment, you will need a jar of water, a few tablespoons of vegetable oil, food coloring. In a small container, several dry food colors are mixed with two tablespoons of vegetable oil. Dry grains of dyes do not dissolve in oil. Now the oil is poured into a jar of water. Heavy grains of dyes will settle to the bottom, gradually being released from the oil, which will remain on the surface of the water, forming colored swirls, as from an explosion.

home volcano

Useful geographic knowledge might not be so boring for a four year old if you set up a visual demonstration of a volcanic eruption on an island. To conduct the experiment, you will need baking soda, vinegar, 50 ml of water and the same amount of detergent.

A small plastic cup or bottle is placed in the crater of the volcano, molded from colored plasticine. But first, baking soda is poured into a glass, water tinted red and detergent are poured. When the makeshift volcano is ready, a little vinegar is poured into its mouth. A rapid foaming process begins, due to the fact that soda and vinegar react. From the mouth of the volcano, “lava” formed by red foam begins to pour out.

Experiments and experiments for children 4 years old, as you have seen, do not need complex reagents. But they are no less fascinating, especially with an interesting story about the reason for what is happening.

Factrum publishes 8 experiments that will delight children and raise many new questions in them.

1. Lava lamp

Need: Salt, water, a glass of vegetable oil, a few food colors, a large clear glass or glass jar.

An experience: Fill the glass 2/3 with water, pour vegetable oil into the water. The oil will float on the surface. Add food coloring to water and oil. Then slowly add 1 teaspoon of salt.

Explanation: Oil is lighter than water, so it floats on the surface, but salt is heavier than oil, so when you add salt to a glass, the oil, along with the salt, begins to sink to the bottom. As the salt breaks down, it releases oil particles and they rise to the surface. Food coloring will help make the experience more visual and spectacular.

2. Personal rainbow

Need: A container filled with water (bath, basin), a flashlight, a mirror, a sheet of white paper.

An experience: Pour water into the container and put a mirror on the bottom. We direct the light of a flashlight to the mirror. The reflected light must be caught on paper, on which a rainbow should appear.

Explanation: A beam of light consists of several colors; when it passes through the water, it decomposes into its component parts - in the form of a rainbow.

3. Volcano

Need: Tray, sand, plastic bottle, food coloring, baking soda, vinegar.

An experience: A small volcano should be molded around a small plastic bottle made of clay or sand - for entourage. To cause an eruption, you should pour two tablespoons of soda into the bottle, pour in a quarter cup of warm water, add a little food coloring, and finally pour in a quarter cup of vinegar.

Explanation: When baking soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent reaction begins, releasing water, salt, and carbon dioxide. Gas bubbles and push the contents out.

4. Grow crystals

Need: Salt, water, wire.

An experience: To obtain crystals, you need to prepare a supersaturated salt solution - one in which the salt does not dissolve when a new portion is added. In this case, you need to keep the solution warm. To make the process go better, it is desirable that the water be distilled. When the solution is ready, it must be poured into a new container to get rid of the debris that is always in the salt. Further, a wire with a small loop at the end can be lowered into the solution. Put the jar in a warm place so that the liquid cools more slowly. After a few days, beautiful salt crystals will grow on the wire. If you get the hang of it, you can grow fairly large crystals or patterned crafts on twisted wire.

Explanation: As the water cools, the solubility of the salt decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your wire.

5. Dancing coin

Need: A bottle, a coin that can be used to cover the neck of a bottle, water.

An experience: An empty unopened bottle should be put in the freezer for several minutes. Moisten a coin with water and cover the bottle taken out of the freezer with it. After a few seconds, the coin will begin to bounce and, hitting the neck of the bottle, make sounds similar to clicks.

Explanation: The coin is lifted by the air, which has contracted in the freezer and occupied a smaller volume, and now has warmed up and begun to expand.

6. Colored milk

Need: Whole milk, food coloring, liquid detergent, cotton swabs, plate.

An experience: Pour milk into a plate, add a few drops of dyes. Then you need to take a cotton swab, dip it in detergent and touch the wand to the very center of the plate with milk. The milk will move and the colors will mix.

Explanation: The detergent reacts with the fat molecules in the milk and sets them in motion. That is why skimmed milk is not suitable for the experiment.

7. Fireproof bill

Need: Ten-rouble note, tongs, matches or lighter, salt, 50% alcohol solution (½ part alcohol to ½ part water).

An experience: Add a pinch of salt to the alcohol solution, immerse the bill in the solution so that it is completely soaked. Remove the bill from the solution with tongs and allow excess liquid to drain. Set fire to a bill and watch it burn without burning.

Explanation: As a result of the combustion of ethanol, water, carbon dioxide and heat (energy) are formed. When you set fire to a bill, alcohol burns. The temperature at which it burns is not enough to evaporate the water that the paper bill is soaked in. As a result, all the alcohol burns out, the flame goes out, and the slightly damp ten remains intact.

8. Walk on the balls

Need: two dozen eggs in cells, a garbage bag, a bucket of water, soap and good friends.

An experience: Lay a trash bag on the floor and place two boxes of eggs on it. Check the eggs in the boxes, replace if you notice a cracked egg. Also check that all eggs are oriented in the same direction - either with sharp ends up or blunt. If you place your foot correctly, evenly distributing the weight, you can stand or walk barefoot on the balls. If you don’t want extreme from careless movement, you can put a thin board or tile on top of the eggs. Then nothing will stop you.

Explanation: Everyone knows that an egg is easy to break, but the shell of an egg is very strong and can withstand a lot of weight. The "architecture" of the egg is such that with uniform pressure, the stress is distributed throughout the shell and does not allow it to break.