How many and what kind of ships in a naval battle. Complicated "Naval battle"

A simple and exciting game that has been known since childhood is sea battle. The rules of the game are not very complicated, anyone can remember them. Sea battle like adults and children, you can play it anywhere.

Rules of the game Sea battle

The essence of entertainment lies in the fact that two players take turns naming certain coordinates on the opponent's map, which they do not know. The named point must hit the ship or part of it. The task of each player is to sink all enemy ships as early as possible. There are several options for such a game today:

1. On the paper. This method is considered a classic entertainment option. It allows you to play anywhere. A checkered notebook or one leaf (not even lined) is suitable for battles.
2. Desktop. The first version of such entertainment appeared more than 80 years ago. The board game sea battle was voluminous and colorful. After a while, many variations appeared with different numbers of ships, other sizes of fields.
3. On the computer. Modern gadgets can easily be turned into a battlefield for ships by downloading and installing the right application. There are options to play online. Features: the selected points are fixed automatically, there is a voice acting that adds reality to what is happening.

Field

To understand how to play sea battle, you need to understand the basic concepts. You need to start by drawing your playing field. It is a coordinate plane, a square 10 by 10. Each of its sides has its own definitions: the horizontal is numbered from top to bottom, the vertical - with letter designations. The letters of the Russian alphabet are used from "A" to "K" or from "A to "I", if "Yo" and "Y" are omitted. Often instead of letters the words "Snegurochka" or "Republic" are used. They consist of ten letters, which corresponds to 10 squares on the playing field.

Next to the "own" field, you need to draw a "foreign" one, which has the same dimensions and coordinates. This is a site for the enemy flotilla. The field is empty, it is used to mark one's own moves and opponent's "strike". Given that there are several variants of the coordinate system, it is recommended to agree in advance which one will be used. Next, you need to arrange the ships.

Number and placement of ships

There is a certain layout of ships on the playing field. The ship consists of several decks or pipes (hence the name, for example, "two-deck" or "two-pipe"). On the playing field are:

• 1 four-deck, ship, battleship, - a row of four cells,
• 2 three-deck, cruisers, - rows of 3 cells;
• 3 double-deck, destroyers, - rows of 2 cells;
• 4 single-deck ships, torpedo boats, - 1 cell.

AT classic game drawing ships on the playing field is necessary according to the rules. For example, all court sides or corners cannot touch each other. There are variants of the game when the ships are placed in the letter "G", squares or zigzags, touching the corners is not prohibited. There are also battles with a different number of ships or their structure, for example, a five-deck (aircraft carrier), several four-deck. Using more ships, a different form of the field is used, 15 by 15 in size. It is necessary to decide on the choice of the game in advance.

Game progress

Playing sea battle on paper is necessary in accordance with certain rules. The instruction defines the conditions and sequence of moves:

1. Initially, who will go first is chosen. To do this, the players cast lots.
2. When making a "shot", the player names the coordinates, for example, B3.
3. If there is nothing in the cell, the opponent says "by". According to the named coordinates, the ship is located, then “wounded” - if it was hit, “killed” - when completely destroyed.
4. A cross indicates a hit on an enemy ship. With such a successful shot, according to the rules, the player moves a second time. The right to move is transferred to the second player if the blow fell on an empty field.
5. The winner is the one who first sinks all the ships of his opponent.
6. At the end of the game, the opponents may require each other's playing fields to check. The loser will be the one whose fields are filled incorrectly. Victory goes to the one who waged a fair fight.

There are certain restrictions in the game. The game may be ended earlier if there is a violation of the rules. The following are considered gross violations:

1. Incorrectly drawn field - the number of vessels exceeds the required one, the dimensions of the sides or the coordinate system are incorrect.
2. One of the players spied on the location of the ships from the other.
3. Skipping a turn due to inattention.

Win strategy

A simple battle is not built solely on luck. To achieve victory, there is a strategy and tactics of playing a sea battle. It is as follows:

1. A sheet with a lined field must be held so that the enemy cannot look.
2. For convenience and accountability, it is recommended to mark enemy shots with dots.
3. The most vulnerable ships are the battleship and the torpedo boat. The first one is very large, so it is easy to spot. Torpedo boats are small and hard to find on the field, but they sink in one hit.
4. Beginners often aim at the corners of the game square, so it is not recommended to draw them there.
5. Experienced Players they advise you to immediately come up with a layout of ships on the field. Good results can be achieved if the flotilla units are arranged according to the scheme. For example, by gathering cruisers and battleships in one place, and placing boats and destroyers in a chaotic manner.
6. Shooting techniques for a flotilla may be different. To quickly destroy the battleship, it is recommended to start searching for it diagonally. You need to shoot at the squares on 4, through 3 cells. Then you need to move in descending order: look for three-deck, two-deck and single boats.

Video

May 26, 2013 at 08:27 pm

The optimal algorithm for playing sea battle

• Algorithms

A couple of days ago I was surprised to learn that some of my friends do not know how to play sea battle. Those. Of course, they know the rules, but they play somehow haphazardly and as a result often lose. In this post, I will try to outline the main ideas that will help you level up your game.

Rules of the game

There are many options for naval combat, but we will consider the most common option with the following set of ships:

All listed ships must be placed on square box 10 by 10 cells, while ships cannot touch either corners or sides. The playing field itself is numbered from top to bottom, and the verticals are marked with Russian letters from "A" to "K" (the letters "Yo" and "Y" are skipped).

An enemy field of the same size is drawn nearby. In case of a successful shot at the enemy ship, a cross is placed on the corresponding cell of the enemy field and a second shot is fired;

Optimal Strategy

There is always an element of randomness in the game of naval combat, but it can be minimized. Before proceeding directly to the search for the optimal strategy, it is necessary to voice one obvious thing: the probability of hitting an enemy ship is higher, the fewer unchecked cells are left on its field, similarly, the probability of hitting your ships is the lower, the more unchecked cells are left on your field. That. to play effectively, you need to learn two things at once: optimal shooting at the enemy and optimal placement of your ships.

In the following explanation, the following notation will be used:

Optimal Shooting

The first and most obvious rule for optimal shooting is next rule: Do not shoot at the cells directly surrounding the destroyed enemy ship.

In accordance with the notation adopted above, in the figure, those cells on which unsuccessful shots have already been fired are marked in yellow, the cells on which the shots ended in a hit are marked in red, and the cells that were not fired on are marked in green, but it can be guaranteed that the ships there are no ships in them (ships cannot be there, because according to the rules of the game, ships cannot touch each other).

The second rule immediately follows from the first rule: if you managed to knock out an enemy ship, you must immediately finish it off in order to get a list of guaranteed free cells as soon as possible.

The third rule follows from the first two: you must first try to knock out the largest enemy ships. Perhaps this rule is not obvious to you, but if you think a little, you can easily notice that by destroying an enemy battleship, at best, we will immediately receive information about 14 guaranteed free cells, and by destroying a cruiser, only about 12.

That. the optimal firing strategy can be reduced to a targeted search and destruction of the largest enemy ships. Unfortunately, it is not enough to formulate a strategy, it is necessary to propose a way to implement it.

To begin with, let's consider a 4 by 4 cell area of ​​the playing field. If there is an enemy battleship in the area under consideration, then it is guaranteed to be knocked out in no more than 4 shots. To do this, you need to shoot in such a way that there is exactly one checked cell on each horizontal and vertical. below are all options for such shooting (excluding reflections and turns).

Among all these options, only the first two options are optimal on a field of 10 by 10 cells, guaranteeing a battleship hit in a maximum of 24 shots.

After the enemy battleship is destroyed, it is necessary to start searching for cruisers, and then destroyers. In this case, as you may have guessed, you can use a similar technique. Only now it is necessary to divide the field into squares with a side of 3 and 2 cells, respectively.

If you used the second strategy when searching for a battleship, then to search for cruisers and destroyers you need to shoot at the following fields (green indicates the fields that you have already fired at when searching for a battleship):

There is no optimal strategy for finding boats, so at the end of the game you have to rely mainly on luck.

Optimal ship placement

The optimal strategy for placing ships is in some sense the reverse of the optimal strategy for firing. When shooting, we tried to find the largest ships in order to reduce the number of cells that need to be checked at the expense of guaranteed free cells. This means that when placing ships, they must be placed in such a way that, in case of their loss, the number of guaranteed free cells is minimized. As you remember, the battleship in the center of the field opens 14 fields for the enemy at once, but the battleship standing in the corner opens only 6 fields for the enemy:

Similarly, a cruiser standing in a corner opens only 6 fields instead of 12. Thus, by placing large ships along the field border, you leave more room for boats. Because there is no strategy for finding boats, the enemy will have to shoot at random, and the more free fields you have left by the time you catch the boats, the harder it will be for the enemy to win.

Below are three ways to place capital ships that leave a lot of room for boats (marked in blue):

Each of the above arrangements leaves exactly 60 free cells for boats, which means that the probability of accidentally hitting a boat is 0.066. For comparison, it is worth giving a random arrangement of ships:

With this arrangement, only 21 cells remain for boats, which means that the probability of hitting a boat is already 0.19, i.e. almost 3 times higher.

In conclusion, I want to say that you should not spend too much time playing sea battle. I especially want to warn you against playing in lectures. When I was sitting in Wabi Sabi and playing sea battle with my girlfriend, a waitress walked by and said that she plays quite well, because. I practiced a lot in pairs. Who knows what she would have worked for if she had listened to lectures at one time?

P.S. The comments absolutely correctly indicate that there were already similar publications on Habré, it would be wrong not to put links to them.

Incredibly popular game on paper. And although now there are special game kits for the Sea Battle, as well as a lot of computer implementations, classic version on the leaf remains the most sought after.

The goal of the game is to sink the enemy's ships before they can sink yours.

Rules of the game "Sea battle"

Two players play. Each of them needs a piece of paper (preferably in a cage), a pencil or a pen. The game begins with the preparation of the field. Two squares of 10 × 10 cells are drawn on the sheet. On one of them, their ships will be placed, in the other, "fire" will be fired at enemy ships. The sides of the squares are signed with letters horizontally and numbers vertically.

It is necessary to agree in advance which letters will be written (the main disputes arise whether or not to use the letter “Yo”). By the way, in some schools, instead of the boring alphabet, they write the word "REPUBLIC" - it just contains 10 non-repeating letters. This is especially useful for those who have not mastered the alphabet.

Arrangement of ships

Next, the deployment of fleets begins. Classic Rules naval combat they say that there should be 4 ships in one cell (“single-deck” or “single-tube”), 3 ships in 2 cells, 2 in 3 cells and one four-deck. All ships must be straight, no curved or "diagonal" allowed. The ships are placed on the playing field in such a way that there is always a gap of one cell between them, that is, they should not touch each other either by the sides or by the corners. In this case, ships can touch the edges of the field and occupy corners.

A game

When the ships are placed, the players take turns firing "shots", naming the squares according to their "coordinates": "A1", "B6", etc. If the cell is occupied by a ship or part of it, the enemy must answer "wounded" or "killed "("sunk"). This cell is crossed out with a cross and you can make another shot. If there is no ship in the named cell, a dot is placed in the cell and the turn passes to the opponent. The game is played until the complete victory of one of the players, that is, until all the ships are sunk. At the end of the game, the loser can ask the winner to look at his ship placement.

Mastery

If you think that sea battle is a game built solely on luck and luck, then you are mistaken. In fact, it has both strategy and tactics, which we will talk about in conclusion.

So - about tricks, as well as various honest and not very honest methods of playing naval battle:

• First of all (and this is the most important thing!), you need to keep your sheet with the ships so that the enemy cannot spy on your location;
• Be sure to keep a record of your own and other people's moves, marking them with dots. So shots on the same cells will be excluded;
• Having sunk an enemy ship, also surround it with dots so as not to shoot at places where there are obviously no ships;
• You should not put ships in the corners of the field: usually beginners shoot at them first of all. However, exceptions will be discussed below;
• It is necessary to develop a strategy for placement. Good result gives an uneven distribution of ships: collect all the "large" ships in one or two dense groupings, and hide the remaining "single-deck" ships separately in secret places on the playing field. In this case, the enemy will quickly figure out and defeat the grouping of large ships, and then it will take a long time to search for the remaining small ones;
• Killing big ship, the enemy surrounds him with dots. So, having found a “four-deck”, the enemy immediately opens (4 + 1 + 1) * 3 = 18 cells (that is, 18% or almost 1/5 of the field). "Three-deck" gives 15 cells (15%), "two-deck" - 12%, and "single-deck" - 9%. If you put the “four-deck” against the wall, then it will allow you to open only 12 cells (10 for a three-deck, 8 for a two-deck). If you put the "four-deck" in general in a corner, it will allow you to open only 10 cells (8, 6 and 4, respectively). Of course, if the enemy realizes that all the ships are on the edge, he will quickly sink them. Therefore, it is better to use this advice in combination with the previous one.
• Shooting tactics can also be different. However, the destruction of enemy ships is best to start with the search for a "four-deck". To do this, you can shoot diagonally, or draw a rhombus, or shoot through 3 cells on the fourth. As soon as a four-deck ship is found, we look for three-deck ones, then two ... Of course, in the process of searching, “every little thing” will come across and make adjustments to the plans.

And here is a dishonest way: to arrange all the ships, except for the last one-deck ship (it will act as the Elusive submarine). And he will be placed (and killed) only in the last remaining cell. Dealing with this is easy enough: let the players arrange the ships in one color, and fire in another. It is possible, for example, for players to have pens or pencils different colors and after placing the ships, just change handles.

It is rare that adults are not familiar with exciting and simple fun on paper. They play alone or in a team, the trip will be fun, there will be no boring breaks and no tedious waiting in line. Having introduced the child or someone familiar with the rules, the lesson will help out where the connection does not reach.

No college knowledge or expensive equipment required. Enough of two checkered sheets and two pens. Of course the kids love it computer game, but a paper "battle", although with a live enemy is much more attractive. In addition, naval battles develop strategic thinking and intuitive qualities.

Classic Naval Battle

On the playing field, players draw squares with sides of 10 cells so that the opponent does not see. Two playing fields are numbered: letters are written on top (which ones are agreed upon), and numbers are written on the left side of the square from top to bottom. AT Soviet time children did not write the alphabet, but a word in which the letters did not repeat. For example, "Snow Maiden" or "Republic". The first field has its own fleet.

The opponent's field is needed to adjust the battle tactics and for the memory of moves. In the second square - the sea with the enemy's fleet, used for reconnaissance, marking moves and getting into enemy ships.

Deployment of a fleet of 10 units. The names of the ships depend on the number of decks or pipes, and the spaces occupied.

The composition of the flotilla:

- a four-deck (pipe) battleship, occupies 4 cells - 1 pc.;

- three-deck cruiser, 3-cell - 2 pcs.;

- two-cell destroyers - 3 pcs.;

- torpedo boats, in 1 cell - 4 pcs.

According to the rules, the figures cannot touch each other even at an angle. Ships are placed only vertically or horizontally. Cannot be angled or diagonal. It is allowed to draw near the edge of the field.
By agreement, arrangement with touching corners and placement in the form of the letter L, square or zigzag is allowed, but with touching the sides of the cells, and not the corners in a 4-deck battleship. In other variants, a different set of vessels.

It is easier to find a large ship, but it is faster to sink, although difficult to find, a one-cell boat.

Game progress. The right of the first move in the Naval battle is determined by lot. The one who starts first says the letter and number where the shot is intended, and marks it on another, clean square.
A move is marked with a dot, and hits with a cross.

1. The attacked player must answer "by" if the cell is empty. He puts a dot at the place of the shot and names the coordinates of his shot.
2. The answer is "wounded" if the hit was on a battleship, cruiser or destroyer and is marked with a cross. The shooter fires until a miss and the answer "by".
3. If it hits all the cells of the ship, it is considered killed. The attack continues with the attacker until a miss.

The one who first knocks out the enemy fleet wins.

At the end of the battle, the players change sheets to verify the correctness and honesty. If the winner finds a violation, he loses the victory, which passes to the second participant. The match may not be completed if one of the players breaks the rules.

Possible violations:

— incorrect design of fields;

- more or less than 10 ships;

- touching ships;

- a field not of 10 cells;

- spelling of numbers and letters is broken;

- finishing the missing ships during the game;

- other marks, except for dots and crosses;

- peeping;

- skipping a turn.

Winning tactics.

It will help to determine the alignment of the fleet knowing the preferences of the opponent, if this is a familiar person.
Knowing that the ships must not touch, do not fire at the area around the killed figures at a distance of one cell. Experienced players outline this space.
Occupy one corner of the field with multi-deck ships, gaining space. Distribute the boats in the remaining place. Single-cell vessels are harder to find and take longer.

A multicellular fleet is not placed on the edges of the field.
Another method is to divide the opponent's square into parts with the help of shots, shooting successively from corner to corner of the field. Or into two parts horizontally and also vertically. To search for multicellular ships, shoot through the cage.
With a dishonest approach. Draw one single-deck ship towards the end of the battle in a cell missed by the enemy.

Rules of the game Naval battle abroad

Foreign players offer to increase the number and size of vessels.
For example, 1 ship - in 5 cells, one - in 4 cells, 2 three-deck and 1 in 2 cells.

Harder to play sea ​​battle when the entire fleet consists of only single-celled boats.
By agreement, they shoot 2-3 times at once.

The Russian and Soviet mathematician, physicist, teacher, who developed the genre of entertaining sciences, Ya. I. Perelman, described a case with the addition of 1-2 minutes to the classic Naval battle. The circle occupies one cell that does not touch ships or other mines. When hit by a projectile that fires, it informs the opponent of 1 cell of its own undamaged fleet unit or chooses to skip a turn. The opponent has the right to shoot immediately or take a shot later.

It is proposed to increase the size of the squares to 16 and 18 cells with the addition of ships, mines and a minesweeper. This is an isosceles triangle in one cell. When a minesweeper hits an opponent, the coordinates of a mine of one's own field are given out, if they have not yet been blown up. The layout rules are the same as when drawing the rest of the fleet. The next player goes. Mines and minesweepers are not the main vessels and, even if they are not knocked out, the battle ends when the main flotilla is destroyed.

In another version, mines and minesweepers are in contact with each other and with the main figures.

An exciting game with a single-celled submarine, the designation is a rhombus. A submarine can be placed close to a ship, but not in the same space as it. The player who hit the submarine gives the turn to the next one for the suicide shot. The owner of the dead submarine is obliged to shoot at a place with the same coordinates.

Cons of a computer game

When playing Sea Battle with a robot, you do not experience the feelings of the opponent's reaction when his ships are sunk. Also, there is no one to express the joy of victory. The chance of peeping is also excluded, which makes the game on paper unique and alive.

Conclusion

Having become acquainted with the Sea Battle entertainment and the rules, you can not be bored at a meeting, at a lecture and have fun with friends.

If you have not tried to play Sea Battle, then most likely you have been abandoned by aliens. Because in the to-do list of a Russian schoolboy, the game "Battleship" is marked as "a sure remedy for boredom" and today is the time to make sure!

Let's learn how to play Sea Battle online - in Russian for free and without registration. You don't even need an opponent - fight the computer! Let's start with the basics.

Rules how to play sea battle on a piece of paper

Original Battleship - Classical board game on tactics and attentiveness, where two players were supposed to draw 2 10 × 10 grids on a piece of paper in a cell with letters horizontally and numbers vertically. The first is a field for placing your fleet of 10 ships so that the opponent does not see. The second is a battle plan with a mark of moves towards the enemy.

The fleet consists of:

• 1 "four-deck battleship";
• 2 "three-deck cruisers";
• 3 "double-deck destroyers";
• 4 "single-deck boats".

When placing, a distance of 1 cell must be taken into account (ships should not touch either sides or sterns).

Each player in turn calls the other the possible coordinates of the target and, according to the answers: “past”, “wounded” or “killed”, he orients himself in the situation - he tries to build a strategy for destruction and analyze the plans of the opponent. Hitting the ship is rewarded with the right to make one more move.

In the online version of the naval battle, you do not need to draw anything and mark the coordinates of each point too - the computer will do this automatically and complement each move with a funny animation. You start playing first and can follow the statistics of moves.

How to arrange ships to win in Sea Battle

The most vulnerable targets are four-deck and three-deck ships, they are easy to identify if you shoot at an interval of three cells. Usually they are placed far apart, but in the same diagonal, at an angle. Get around this rule - put the ships more closely - all large vertically or horizontally.

Consider the obligatory distance between the occupied positions: there can be no other targets within a radius of one cell from the wrecked ships.

Try to reduce the area of ​​occupied areas and confuse the enemy - place the smallest ships "in plain sight".

The enemy will definitely shoot near the point of impact to determine whether the downed warship is located vertically or horizontally. To gain time and provoke a mistake, change the spatial distribution of ships of the same type and use the edge of the grid to the maximum.

Think like an adversary. In most cases, enemy ships are located at a distance from each other, to complicate the task of identifying them, hit randomly, but remember about the placement rules (there cannot be other occupied positions within a radius of one cell).

Ready to test how effective this method of playing Battleship is? Open the game in full screen and have a good battle! We are waiting for your results in the comments.

Control

Use computer mouse to click on the ship and hold down the mouse to drag the battleships onto the grid.

To change the position in space (turn horizontally or vertically) - hold Ctrl while the boat is out of the grid and only then click and drag.