home

Popov's pyrolysis boiler drawing. Saratov business bulletin-industrial news

What could be better than what is made with your own hands? Any owner of a personal plot dreams of a multifunctional stove, but often the options on store shelves do not fit in terms of functionality or price category, so the only way out is to make a stove with your own hands. Popov's boiler is a modern heating unit, on the basis of which it is possible to make heating, conduct hot water, and dispose of waste. The principle of operation of the unit is quite simple, so it is easy to do it yourself.

Working principle and advantages

Thermochemical power plant (TEU) intended for heating purposes, air or water can be used as a heat carrier. Heat is released during and afterburning of the emitted gases.

The boiler belongs to long burning. During the combustion of solid fuel with a lack of oxygen, a smoldering process occurs, which slows down decomposition and allows you to generate maximum thermal energy on one tab. This process is also convenient because the boiler does not need to constantly check and report fuel. When a solid fuel decomposes, a gas is formed, which rises into the afterburner and heats the heat exchangers.

The technical characteristics of a properly manufactured boiler allow you to refuse to use. With the correct installation of the chimney, the generated draft is sufficient to remove the smoke. Also, the combustion chamber must be airtight for pyrolysis, it is important to take this into account when working with your own hands. The boiler does not require electricity, the unit is completely independent of energy, the temperature is controlled mechanically. One bookmark of firewood with a sufficient volume of firebox can be enough for a day full work.

The device of the furnace and afterburners allows you to maximally clean the emitted smoke from tar and soot (as they burn), so the maintenance of the furnace becomes easier. The chimney is less polluted and easier to clean. Completely burnt waste - ash gets into the ash pan.

Design

For DIY it is important have drawings and know how the oven works from the inside what it consists of and how each of its elements works.

Read also: Manufacturing of a hydrogen boiler

Firebox. This is probably the most important element of the furnace, it needs to be given special attention. Popov's boilers have two chambers:

lower chamber in which fuel combustion occurs (pyrolysis);
upper chamber, it is afterburning gases.

If the lower chamber consists of one compartment into which firewood is loaded, then the upper chamber is a little more complicated. The afterburner is divided by a partition into two horizontal sections.

Also above the combustion chamber there is a block where secondary air enters for afterburning gases; there are blades in the block, their task is to evenly distribute gases throughout the entire space of the chamber.

Regulators. All combustion processes and power depend on only three regulators:

small pipes of oxidizers, they responsible for the supply of oxygen to the chamber where the pyrolysis process takes place. Thanks to the regulation of the oxygen supply, it is possible to change the power of the boiler; with a sufficient supply of oxygen, the combustion process will be more intense, respectively, and the power will be greater. When access to oxygen is limited, a smoldering (pyrolysis) process will occur, due to which the temperature will even out, the power will slightly decrease. This regulator is located under the door;
the top gate is intended for flue gas control. When the speed changes, the performance of the unit changes. The gate is located on the upper branch pipe of the heat generator;
the gate is also located in front in the center, it acts as a “plug” and prevents carbon monoxide from entering the room where the boiler is installed.

After pyrolysis and afterburning of pyrolysis gases, a large amount of heat is released, heat exchangers are heated. To keep warm and avoid losses the unit can be insulated with an outer insulating layer or water jacket.

I'm wondering what the efficiency of this boiler is all the same. I wonder how much it can be adjusted, how much it can be strangled from the face value, because. and will have to be heated in the spring. What is the best power to choose with an area of \u200b\u200b95 squares.
I'm interested in it for simple reasons. I really liked the size of the firebox, especially the length. In imported boilers, poles will have to be chopped up to 30-45 cm, and this one climbs up to 75 cm, conveniently.
I'll try to answer in order.
1. The boiler is extremely inert and can be adjusted badly, it is better to say that it does not lend itself at all. It works with greater efficiency just in the low-temperature mode up to 300 g in the furnace. Its obvious minus or plus, depending on the requirements for it
2. It is not picky about fuel. Sometimes one is surprised at what muck it is able to puff. At sawmills one can observe the following picture; the boiler is connected to the dryer, a pile of something woody is lying nearby, a stream of something dirty and foul-smelling flows from the blower, and all this is in the open air.
3. It is better to have not one but two or even three TGs in the boiler room with a total "power" close to the required one.
What are the fundamental differences between the Popov boiler and Bourgeois-K?
What group of boilers does Popov's boiler belong to according to your opinion: pyrolysis or gas generating.
judging by the technological scheme, Popov's boiler is non-volatile
How this is reflected when burning firewood of different humidity. Is the supply temperature fluctuating?
What is the actual duration of burning wood, for example, a 50 kW boiler, with an intensive combustion mode.
At what moisture content of firewood is it impossible for the boiler to start pyrolysis combustion, if it is really a pyrolysis boiler.
This device acquired the profession of a boiler only because it did not find a job in its main specialty, a utilizer of organic waste. From here, all its misfortunes.
In order not to fall into further misunderstanding, let's clarify the terminology
Pyrolysis - thermodynamic decomposition of carbon-containing raw materials in an oxygen-free environment
Gas generation is the conversion of a substance from its state of aggregation into a gas
Do you agree?
Here are the pros and especially the cons. It’s not technological already, it means something in the repair of the problem.
Dear Sergey. There are no mechanisms that would not break down or require maintenance. The more complex the apparatus, the more problems associated with operation. Simply put, "it is difficult to agree with physics."
Do you agree?

Registration: 27.06.09 Messages: 3.011 Acknowledgments: 587

Finally, there was someone who can really describe the situation with this boiler.

Dear Sergey. There are no mechanisms that would not break down or require maintenance. The more complex the apparatus, the more problems associated with operation. Simply put, "it is difficult to agree with physics."
Do you agree?

Registration: 20.12.10 Messages: 85 Acknowledgments: 11

Finally, there was someone who can really describe the situation with this boiler.
By pyrolysis boilers, I include boilers, the principle of generating combustible gases in which is carried out in sealed containers (retorts) or dome structures.
For gas-generating boilers, I include boilers with two chambers, a gasification chamber (fire tube) and a gas afterburner chamber. And, as always, the gas afterburning chamber is located above the gasification chamber.
When burning firewood, a chemical process occurs when the oxidizer (air) combines with the combustible elements of the fuel. Combustible fuel elements include: carbon (C), hydrogen (H), sulfur (S), as well as combustible gases CO, H2, CmHn. The ignition temperature of combustible gases in the air has the following values: hydrogen 580-:-590 degrees, carbon monoxide 644-:-658 degrees, methane 650-:-750 degrees. At low combustion temperatures of firewood in the flame tube - gasification chamber, the average energy of molecules is much lower than the activation energy and therefore only a small fraction of fuel and oxidizer molecules are capable of reaction. The main part of combustible fuel elements are emitted from firewood in the form of combustible gases, which pass into the gas afterburner. There, at the appropriate temperature of 580-:- 750 degrees and the supply of an oxidizing agent (air), they burn out.
Carbon itself, during oxidation, does not give visible plasma (that is, it does not burn, in other words), and the process of carbon oxidation itself under normal conditions is possible only in the presence of carbon with a certain crystal structure (for example, graphite and diamond are also carbon). And here carbon monoxide CO for a sweet soul. Otherwise, I completely agree.
However, all this is true only under certain external conditions and if only these elements participate in the reaction. In reality, as you understand, other substances also participate in the process, the presence of which triggers the chem. a reaction in a slightly different way and answers in this direction should be sought in the section of catalysis chemistry.
Second; there is no number of external conditions affecting the chemical process, this is pressure (for example, water at different P turns into steam at different T) magnetism (for example, magnetized water begins to dissolve sparingly soluble substances under normal conditions. By the way, you can try by installing an ordinary magnet on a heating pipe- scale will be much less)
Electrical impact on the object (the conductivity of the medium or object changes).
Do you agree with this?

Iven

I cook boilers and furnaces

Yes, I agree with this statement, only there are boilers that are more thought out, made with sober hands and heads and break, but much less often (although mine has been working for 15 years and has never broken). There are a lot of designs of boilers on the forum and no one makes a secret, but the author (Popov's boiler) really surprises with his mystery (not only is the boiler dumb, but also a bunch of secrets). But in general, I agree with the Good, at least Someone outlined the situation for us, thank you.

Registration: 20.12.10 Messages: 85 Acknowledgments: 11

What kind of situation, where is the boiler diagram? Another "higher matter".
Popov's boilers could only be seen in the photographs - roughly welded pieces of iron with some kind of wire handle, and next to them were hard-working peasants who were sculpting all this.
They "outlined" Stropuva, Blago boilers, Bubafonya (stove and boiler), Malko boiler, Davyd and Sparrow pyrolysis boilers, etc. For this, special thanks and respect to them, and here is one naked theory. This theory can be read in the library, but there is no benefit from it, so, for the general development, perhaps.
Ivan, did you receive the letter?

Registration: 30.08.09 Messages: 1.602 Acknowledgments: 260

What kind of situation, where is the boiler diagram? Another "higher matter".
Popov's boilers could only be seen in the photographs - roughly welded pieces of iron with some kind of wire handle, and next to them were hard-working peasants who were sculpting all this.
They "outlined" Stropuva, Blago boilers, Bubafonya (stove and boiler), Malko boiler, Davyd and Sparrow pyrolysis boilers, etc. For this, special thanks and respect to them, and here is one naked theory. This theory can be read in the library, but there is no benefit from it, so, for the general development, perhaps.
The situation is this 1 boiler is not technologically advanced + long seams (2 km it seems) = a big problem in repair, 2 is not adjustable, 3 it can be recommended as a utilizer 4 constant stink, and why is it needed in heating. In general, the boiler is shit secret. That's all I had under the word situation, and those boilers that you listed are really good and are described and outlined by Popovsky far from them.

Registration: 20.12.10 Messages: 85 Acknowledgments: 11

The situation is this 1 boiler is not technologically advanced + long seams (2 km it seems) = a big problem in repair, 2 is not adjustable, 3 it can be recommended as a utilizer 4 constant stink, and why is it needed in heating. In general, the boiler is shit secret. That's all I had under the word situation, and those boilers that you listed are really good and are described and outlined by Popovsky far from them.
Although, to be honest, to drag any TTK into a modern living space without a well-designed boiler house that does not communicate with the living space in any way, in my humble opinion, is not advisable. And even if there is one, use
The situation is this 1 boiler is not technologically advanced + long seams (2 km it seems) = a big problem in repair, 2 is not adjustable, 3 it can be recommended as a utilizer 4 constant stink, and why is it needed in heating. In general, the boiler is shit secret. That's all I had under the word situation, and those boilers that you listed are really good and are described and outlined by Popovsky far from them.
Well, in general, yes. 1. They are not suitable for handicraft production. the operation of this "secret shit" at industrial and agricultural facilities in many respects gives a good result.
Although, to be honest, to drag any TTK into a modern living space without a well-designed boiler house that does not communicate with the living space in any way, in my humble opinion, is not advisable. And even if there is one, use short-flame high-calorie ones, with a very low content of volatile fuels.

Registration: 30.08.09 Messages: 1.602 Acknowledgments: 260

.4. Of course, I would like to clarify "in the heating of residential premises." Since the experience of operating this "secret shit" at industrial and agricultural facilities in many respects does not give a bad result.
I do not argue with this, I really meant a living space, but I would not put such a boiler even next to a living space. One of the reasons why I focus on firewood is the lack of smell, and the number of seams is a very big minus. I witnessed how a boiler was torn apart by a man due to the fact that the seam burst i.e. each seam is a weak point of the boiler, the welder will make the seam thinner (you never know, it didn’t work out with a drink), the boiler experiences thermal loads, everything can happen. If it leaks inside, too little joy, the boiler will be heavily overgrown with tar. In general, thanks for posting this information, once I almost fell for this boiler, so the neighbors would have fun at the attraction and that’s all, and thanks to the forum they enlightened me and you confirmed very good. thankful.

Registration: 04.12.09 Messages: 3.615 Acknowledgments: 1.701

Iven

I cook boilers and furnaces

Registration: 04.12.09 Messages: 3.615 Acknowledgments: 1.701 Address: Ukraine, Kharkiv

Yes, thanks, of course, for the 2 MB picture, but this thioria does not fit in with the boiler (at least apparently it does not), but it is the boiler circuit that is interesting.

Registration: 20.12.10 Messages: 85 Acknowledgments: 11

Yes, thanks, of course, for the 2 MB picture, but this thioria does not fit in with the boiler (at least apparently it does not), but it is the boiler circuit that is interesting.
It's not a matter of theory. It's just that the generally accepted classification of gas generating plants is given there according to the principle of fuel gasification. "Pearl" "converter" I hope is now clear.

Registration: 21.12.10 Messages: 38 Acknowledgments: 40

Participant

Registration: 21.12.10 Messages: 38 Acknowledgments: 40 Address: Chita

Iven, maybe you missed it? Post #260. there is a patent with a diagram.
Scheme of a traditional furnace with the direction of combustible gases from the bottom up, plus the supply of additional air to the afterburner. With a low air supply to the furnace, creosote and tar are formed, and since the temperature is low in the lower part of the boiler, and in addition there are heat exchange cooling surfaces, they do not burn out, but condense and settle on the elements of the boiler. In addition, for better combustion of pyrolysis gases only on natural draft, a relatively high combustion chamber is needed, for normal mixing and complete combustion of pyrolysis gas, and in the Popov boiler scheme, the chamber is divided into two horizontal parts. The pyrolysis gas has a temperature greater than the supply air and will be stratified flows, air at the bottom of the chamber, and gas at the top. As a result, most of the gas, without mixing and without burning, will go into the upper chamber and then into the pipe. Taking into account such losses, it is not worth talking about the high efficiency of the boiler.
If, of course, you can believe the popularizer of the Popov boiler, at "Them" it goes at 350 degrees Celsius. Let's imagine that these geniuses were able to organize the "combustion process" at 10 degrees Celsius! At a similar temperature, another type of "burning" occurs - rotting, as a result of which the same carbon dioxide and water are obtained. Well, how do you K.P.D. this process?
And every year I charge such a boiler: a manure machine mixed with straw and “burns” for two months without refueling with a temperature of 40 degrees.

TEU (thermochemical power plants) "Popov's boilers" are equipment for heating a coolant - water or air.

Heating occurs due to thermochemical processes of converting solid fuel into a gaseous state, followed by combustion of these gases.

This equipment is used for heating in emergency situations and in heating systems for premises of various sizes and purposes - living rooms, saunas, baths, greenhouses, greenhouses, for drying agricultural products and lumber.

Popov's boiler can work as a gas, coal, wood-burning apparatus, as well as a waste disposal device.

Principle of operation

The operation of this heating equipment is based on the principle of pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) of solid fuel.

In the process of fuel combustion, under the condition of limited air access, combustible components are formed that have a high calorific value. These are methane, methanol, hydrogen, ethylene, carbon monoxide, pyrolysis resin. The process of decomposition of solid fuel occurs in the temperature range of 200-350 0 C. Volatile pyrolysis products are transported to the afterburner, in which, with a sufficient amount of oxygen, they are completely burned with the release of a significant amount of heat. Heat is transferred to the coolant through the heat exchange surfaces.

Attention! The receipt of additional thermal energy and the burning process extended in time increase the duration of burning on one tab.

A CHP-based boiler house does not need smoke exhausters, since there is enough draft to remove the combustion products, which is provided by a properly arranged chimney.

Popov's pyrolysis boiler with mechanical adjustment of the coolant does not depend on the power supply. It can maintain the required temperature with an accuracy of half a degree. Fuel is put into the installation once or twice a day, which is determined by the volume of the loading chamber.

Attention! Due to the absence of carbon and tar in the exhaust gases, the chimney pipes retain a smooth surface, which protects them from the accumulation of soot. Cleaning the heat generator can be carried out by any handyman in combination with other work.

Ash can be removed from the unit even during operation, and it is not necessary to remove it completely. Around large pipes of oxidizers, ash is specially left in a layer 5-50 mm thick, which serves as a catalyst for thermochemical processes.

The operation of the Popov heating plant can be stopped at any time using the control system.

The design of the Popov pyrolysis boiler

Popov's heating unit consists of two chambers: the lower one - pyrolysis and the upper one - the afterburning chamber for pyrolysis gases.

The afterburner consists of two sections separated by a horizontal partition. The unit is equipped with three controls:

Small oxidant pipes located under the door regulate the output of the heating plant by changing the oxygen supply to the pyrolysis chamber.
The upper damper, located on the upper branch pipe of the heat generator, is designed to control the performance of the unit by changing the rate of flue gas removal.
A damper is located in the center in front of the unit, which prevents flue gases from entering the room.

Above the combustion chamber there is a secondary air supply unit for afterburning pyrolysis gases. The block contains swirlers that evenly distribute the heated air throughout the entire volume of the chamber.

In the process of movement of flue gases to the outlet, their intensive heat exchange with the coolant takes place, which makes it possible to reduce the temperature of the combustion products to 140 0 C.

Attention! To reduce the heat loss of the unit, a water jacket and an outer heat-insulating layer are used.

The thrust required for the operation of the TPP is provided by a chimney, the length of which is at least 7 m. At the same time, the horizontal section should not exceed one meter. The top point of the chimney must be at least 300 mm above the roof peak, which will prevent flue gases from blowing into the room. The flue pipe throughout the area in contact with the external environment must be insulated. To clean the chimney, a hole with a door is provided below.

If a storage tank for water is connected to the system, then the installation of a three-way valve is desirable. This will allow the coolant to move in a small circle through the storage tank, which increases the temperature of the coolant at the inlet of the return pipe to the unit. Increasing the temperature of the heat carrier in the return pipe allows you to extend the life of the heating installation.

As an energy carrier for this heating equipment, all types of solid organic fuels, the humidity of which does not exceed 65%, including all types of coal and peat, can be used. There are also modifications with gas burners that provide operation with main or liquefied gas.

Good afternoon Anthony!
It's very nice to communicate with well-read people!
Thanks for the links. piroliz.narod.ru already looked. Very interesting. It is a pity that there is no description of the installations themselves and the temperature regimes of operation. In your words: "I cry, Shtirlitsy around!".
We are looking for people who work in low temperature conditions and have achieved some results close to those described on the site piroliz.narod.ru. So thanks again for the contact. If I can work with these people, I'll let you know.
There are a number of reasons for the fact that we do not give out production technologies for our products, and industrial espionage is in the first place in this series.
Nobody argues with the laws of physics. We just insist on political correctness when pronouncing the phrase Efficiency. Agree, when studying the technical characteristics of the boiler, the client is more interested not in efficiency, but in changing fuel consumption to obtain the required amount of heat under all kinds of conditions.
It can be very inconvenient when you explain the simplest things to competent heating engineers, but they just forgot or for some reason do not know that during the pyrolysis decomposition of the same wood, gases are released, the lower calorific value of which is much higher than that of firewood from which they are obtained. In addition, you feel rather awkward when you start explaining to competent heat engineers (who remember everything) that the composition of pyrolysis gases can vary in a much larger range than it is described, for example, on the piroliz.narod.ru website and at the same time talk about what whatever the efficiency, it is simply not reasonable (due to the lack of an ideal model with which to compare). And you feel quite embarrassed when you are accused of heresy by serious respected people, just like that, based on some of your personal stereotypes and beliefs.
I try to clearly approach the wording, so I apologize if I used the word pyrolysis somewhere on our sites. We don’t have any pyrolysis there, as, in general, it doesn’t exist in pyrolysis boilers either. It's just a fashion statement and nothing more. Pyrolysis (from the Greek pyr - fire, heat and lysis - decomposition, decay) - thermal decomposition of organic compounds (wood, oil products, coal, etc.) without air access. (see Wikipedia)
There is gas generation and thermochemical processes occurring at temperatures of 250 - 350 Cº and a lack of oxygen with all components (liquid, solid, gaseous) of organic fuel. Although not, for a more complete formulation, it is better to omit the temperature regimes, because. In our research, we do not limit ourselves to these parameters.
Unfortunately, I could not find anything about "super-duper meson-cation fields and similar devices", please give a more detailed link.
Personally, I am very interested in all kinds of "perpetual motion machines", so if there is something about all kinds of gravity power plants, I would be very grateful! References to Russian manufacturers and inventors are especially interesting.
And in our production, we are now concerned about finding allies, manufacturers of piston automatic feeders, automation systems for boilers with a capacity of over 1 MW, heat exchangers, low-power steam turbines and electric generators for them. If you help find such people, you will greatly help the development of alternative energy in Russia.

Do-it-yourself Popov's boiler

Popov's boiler

3 - small tube oxidizers
4 - combustion chamber door
5 - internal gate
6 - injector hole
7 - revision cover
8 - condensate drain pipe

10 - water drain pipe

12 - exhaust pipe flange

top slider. This element is placed on the top heat generating branch pipe. Allows you to adjust the main characteristics of the boiler by changing the speed of smoke removal;

Popov's boiler

Additionally, the boiler is equipped with an external heat-insulating layer and a special water jacket. Thanks to these devices, it is possible to reduce heat loss.

In the household, it is most profitable and rational to use pressed sawdust for firing the Popov boiler. This is a relatively affordable fuel, one load of which is enough for a much longer time when compared with other common coolant options.

Pressed sawdust

The simplest version of such a boiler is in many ways similar to an ordinary potbelly stove. However, the home-made unit in question, unlike a potbelly stove, can operate on one load of fuel for half a day, or even a whole day! The duration of operation depends on the volume of the loading chamber and the characteristics of the fuel used. If desired, such a boiler can be used not only for heating the house, but also for smoking various meat products.

Fuel tank.
Apparatus for welding.
Bulgarian.
Rectangular pipes 6x4 cm.
cement mortar.
Bricks.

First step

Make 2 cylinders from sheet steel. One cylinder should have a slightly larger diameter than the other. You insert the smaller cylinder into the larger one, and attach the lid on top. It can also be made independently from sheet steel. Weld the bottom underneath. The lid and bottom should be twice as thick as the tank walls. Cylinders are welded from steel 2-3 mm thick, and for the manufacture of the cover and bottom, use 4-5 mm steel.

Second phase

Third stage

Fourth stage

Fifth stage

Successful work!

Video - Popov's pyrolysis boiler

svoimi-rykami.ru

Do-it-yourself Popov long-burning boiler drawings, installation

Using the pyrolysis effect is the reason for the emergence of a new type of long-burning boilers. Outwardly, they are similar to traditional solid fuel models, except for the presence of an additional combustion chamber. One example of the improvement of heating equipment is the Popov pyrolysis boiler, which runs on wood fuel.

Design features, characteristics

The essence of pyrolysis is the decomposition of organic substances during smoldering, with minimal access to oxygen. As a result, volatile combustible gases with a high calorific value are formed - hydrogen, carbon monoxide, ethylene, methanol. They are also the main source of heat.

The basic design of the Popov boiler includes the following elements:

Fuel chamber located at the front. Loading is carried out through the top hatch, ignition - through a small side door. It is possible to increase the volume of fuel by installing an additional unit.
Burning chamber. It has an L-shape, the entrance to it is located under the fuel compartment, behind the grate. The main combustion area is at the rear of the structure.
A damper that regulates the volume of air inflow. It is connected to a mechanical thermostat.
Heat exchanger. It has a spiral shape, located at the back.
Pipe for connecting the chimney.

Popov's boiler in the context is not difficult. Its design is similar to traditional "mine" models. Innovative solutions - the possibility of increasing the fuel chamber, a spiral heat exchanger. In some models, an indirect heating tank can be connected.

To control the combustion process, the following components are provided in the design:

Pipes of oxidizers. Required to control the flow of air into the afterburner. Adjustment occurs by changing the position of the lower flap.
Upper gate. Limits the removal of carbon monoxide gases through the chimney.
Silencers. Designed for maintenance of equipment, prevent the ingress of combustion products into the room.

These are the main features that Popov's solid fuel boiler has. Additional information - the gas combustion zone is made of heat-resistant steel 10 mm thick. This affects the cost upwards, but significantly increases the energy resource of the equipment.

The principle of operation, the nuances of setting

Unlike standard solid fuel models, you need to know how to heat Popov's boiler correctly. It is recommended to use bulk fuel - sawdust, wood shavings. Their mass creates the required pressure on the pyrolysis zone, the density does not allow the gas to rise up.

Loading fuel, checking the tightness of the top cover.
Ignition of logs, the lower damper is maximally open.
After the flame is formed, air access to the fuel chamber is limited.
During the combustion of pyrolysis gases, the temperature of the water in the heat exchanger is controlled.

At the first stage, it is important to ensure good traction. The top gate must be fully open. After 20-30 minutes of operation, it can be partially closed. If combustion products enter the boiler room, the gate is opened again.

Installation rules, basic requirements

The correct installation of the Popov pyrolysis boiler begins with the choice of the installation site. It is recommended to equip the boiler room, the rules are set out in SNiP 42-01-2002. They make natural and forced ventilation, the material for finishing walls and floors in the installation area of heating equipment is not combustible. Fuel is stored in a separate room.

Additionally, specific requirements are taken into account:

Insulated chimney for Popov's boiler. The reason is that the temperature of carbon monoxide gases at the outlet is low - up to +140°C. This causes the formation of condensate and its flow into the afterburner. It is recommended to use sandwich chimneys, between the galvanized walls of which basalt wool is installed.
The length of the chimney is from 4 m. This is necessary for the formation of traction.
Service. Periodic cleaning of the heat exchanger is required, removal of soot from the inner surface of the gas combustion zone. The doors are located at the rear of the case. Access to them must be free.

When connecting an indirect heating tank, the length of the lines is minimal. This will reduce heat losses during transportation of the coolant.

Difficulties of self-production

The high cost of heating equipment is one of the negative factors. You can try to make a long-burning popov's boiler with your own hands - drawings and assembly procedures are partially available on the Web. In practice, this is problematic - there are no exact diagrams with the dimensions of equipment components. Only the grade and thickness of the steel used is known.

During the design and manufacturing process, you may encounter the following problems:

Due to the high temperature of the pyrolysis gases, the walls of the afterburner are made of refractory steel 10 mm thick. It is difficult to weld a similar design at home with tightness.
The dimensions of the channel for the removal of gases relative to the volume of the fuel block. They directly affect the power, but only the equipment designer knows the correct ratio.
Serpentine heat exchanger. For its manufacture, it is required to bend steel pipes, which can lead to thinning of the walls. With prolonged exposure to temperature, this will cause depressurization.

For self-manufacturing, you can consider alternative options for pyrolysis boilers. As an example, the scheme of the NEUS-T model is often used. It is characterized by ease of assembly, the presence of a turbine to control the air supply.

prokotlyi.ru

Homemade pyrolysis boiler: drawings, calculation, adjustment, video

Pyrolysis boilers have long gained popularity among owners of private houses - in terms of efficiency, they are close to gas equipment, while they can be installed even in any home and do not depend on the availability of gas and electricity. You can make a pyrolysis boiler yourself, saving a lot of money.

Differences and benefits

In ordinary wood-burning boilers and stoves with water heating, wood burns out quite quickly, and one load of firewood is enough for 3-4 hours. At the same time, heating equipment requires constant attention, because if the fire in the furnace goes out, the coolant will cool down and it will become cold in the house. This feature of solid fuel boilers often forces homeowners to install additional electric heating or install a long-burning boiler.

Pyrolysis type boilers are distinguished by a long operating time on one load. They can use firewood or pellets as fuel - compressed wood waste. The duration of operation of such models is due to a special mode of operation based on pyrolysis.

Video: the principle of operation of the boiler

Pyrolysis - what is it and how is it used in boilers

The process of burning wood is quite complicated. It consists of cellulose fibers held together by a binder - lysine. When heated, these bonds are destroyed, and gas evolution begins, and the wood fibers begin to darken and char. The gas, called pyrolysis, contains combustible elements, including hydrogen. Heated by the hot surface of a smoldering log, it ignites and forms a bright fire.

The increased oxygen content in the combustion zone increases the size of the flame. This can be seen when opening the furnace door - firewood immediately begins to burn brighter. The combustion of pyrolysis gases is accompanied by an active release of heat, from which the smoldering of firewood intensifies, and very soon they burn down to coals. In this case, the flame can reach a height of more than a meter, while not only the stove is heated, but also the chimney, and hot, not completely burned out gases with a high soot content go out into the chimney.

The design of the pyrolysis boiler makes it possible to burn flue gases in a separate afterburning zone. At the same time, firewood in the gas generation zone smolders for a long time and evenly, with a constant temperature. To avoid active combustion of the fuel, the air flow into the loading chamber is limited by a damper. On the contrary, air is forced to the afterburning zone, sometimes with the help of a fan, but more often using natural draft.

Design

Externally, a pyrolysis-type boiler does not differ much from a solid fuel counterpart. A firebox is located in a steel or cast iron body, equipped with a door or hatch for loading fuel. The furnace can be divided into chambers for gas generation and afterburning using partitions, but sometimes the division is conditional, and the processes occur in different zones of the furnace.

For cleaning from ash, a grate is located in the lower part of the fuel loading chamber, and below - an ash pan with a door or a box for collecting ash. The afterburning zone is also equipped with a separate cleaning door, since soot often forms in it, and it needs to be cleaned.

A heat exchanger is located next to the firebox, through which the coolant selected for the heating system circulates: antifreeze, antifreeze or specially prepared water. It is equipped with two fittings for connecting pipes of the heating circuit.

To remove smoke, a branch pipe connected to the chimney is used, connected to the furnace in the afterburning zone. It can be equipped with temperature sensors and a damper for draft control.

The level of automation of the boiler depends on the model, while it is worth noting that boilers with combustion process control are volatile, their installation is possible only if there is an uninterrupted power supply.

Video: pyrolysis boiler design

Advantages and disadvantages

long-term operation on one load of the firebox - up to 48 hours in powerful models, up to 18 hours - in household ones;
availability and variety of fuel consumed - pyrolysis boilers can also work on pellets, briquettes, shavings and cuttings of boards, and some models even on sawdust;
boilers are compact in size, a small separate room is sufficient for their installation;
the smoke temperature at the outlet of the boiler is low, a maximum of 200 degrees in the kindling mode, which allows the use of an inexpensive and easy-to-assemble metal sandwich chimney;
smoke contains a small amount of soot, does not pollute the atmosphere and roofing;
modern models are equipped with an automatic draft regulator, which allows you to set the heating mode and not waste time adjusting the mode;
term of use of a copper - from 15 years.

Disadvantages of pyrolysis boilers:

demanding on the moisture content of the wood used, it should not exceed 20 percent;
require proper installation of the heating circuit, which will be discussed below;
purchased boilers, especially cast iron models, are quite expensive, comparable in price to gas equipment.

As you can see, all the shortcomings of pyrolysis boilers can be eliminated through proper operation. And you can reduce the cost of heating equipment by making a home-made boiler - this is quite realistic if you calculate the thermal power, as well as find ready-made drawings or make them yourself according to the sketches of the tested models.

Drawings and description

The home-made boiler proposed for assembly, shown in the drawing, is made by hand according to the type of upper combustion pyrolysis boiler with forced air circulation into the combustion chamber.

The principle of its operation is as follows:

a single portion of fuel is placed into the firebox through a door located in the upper part of the body and ignited from above;
a fan-exhaust fan installed in the upper part of the housing directs the smoke released during combustion into the afterburner;
there the final combustion of gases and the combustible inclusions contained in them takes place;
smoke is discharged through the flue pipe, located at the rear of the boiler, into the chimney;
the ash formed during the combustion through the grate enters the ash pan, which is located below the combustion chamber;
the furnace is surrounded by a water jacket, which plays the role of a heat exchanger and thermal insulation of the boiler walls;
water enters the heat exchanger through the lower fitting located at the rear of the boiler, and is discharged into the system through the upper one;
on the upper plane of the boiler there is a controller that allows you to adjust the mode, and inside the heat exchanger - a temperature sensor.

The drawing shows the dimensions of the boiler and designations of its structural parts. Some of the dimensions are indicated by an alphabetic code - they are specified according to the table and selected according to the desired boiler power. These dimensions are determined by thermal calculation, their correct and uninterrupted operation depends on them.

Materials and tools required for assembly

welding inverter, electrodes;
grinder with cutting and grinding wheels;
drill with a set of drills for metal;
jigsaw.

Materials and their approximate quantity:

3 sheets of steel of a standard size 1250x2500 mm, thickness 4-5 mm, cold rolling is better - it leads less during temperature fluctuations;
2 sheets of galvanized steel 1250x2500 mm, thickness 1.5-2 mm;
metal pipe Ø32 mm, wall thickness 3.2 mm;
metal pipes Ø57 mm, wall thickness 3.5 mm;
metal pipe Ø159 mm, wall thickness 4.5 m, total length 0.5 m;
profile pipe of two sortotypes: 60x30x2 and 80x40x2;
accessories for doors - handles, latches;
hardware;
fireclay bricks for lining the furnace;
asbestos cord for thermal insulation of the door.

The exact amount of material must be clarified according to the working drawings. In addition, it is necessary to prepare a smoke exhauster - a fan of the required power, a temperature sensor, a controller and an uninterruptible power supply for ~ 220 V. The fan power is determined by calculation.

To reduce the weight of the boiler for the outer walls of the heat exchanger, you can take steel with a thickness of 2 mm. They heat up to less than 100 degrees, so they are not subject to deformation.

Assembly technology

According to the given basic drawing, a worker is performed, with dimensions specified according to the table and calculation.
From sheets of metal and pipes, a grinder cuts blanks for assembling the unit. Holes for pipes and fittings are made using a drill and a jigsaw or a plasma cutter - the second option is preferable, as it allows you to make a perfectly even cut.
The combustion chamber is welded from metal 4-5 mm thick. A partition is welded, forming a smoke circulation in the back of the furnace. Between the loading chamber and the afterburning zone, a support for the grate is made from a corner or a steel strip. It is better to install a cast-iron grate - it will last longer, and if it is deformed or burned out, you can easily remove and replace it.
A smoke pipe and a pipe with a damper for air supply are welded to the chamber in its upper part. At the exit, seats for a smoke exhauster are provided.
Openings are made for the doors of the combustion and ash chambers from metal scraps.
Jumpers are welded that will connect the inner and outer walls of the heat exchanger and compensate for pressure drops. They can be made from steel strip. Jumpers must be located vertically so as not to interfere with the natural circulation of the coolant.
The outer walls of the heat exchanger are gradually welded, connecting them to the jumpers. A fitting is welded into the holes on the back wall of the boiler to supply water to the system.
Doors are made from sheet metal. They are made double with a layer of thermal insulation - asbestos fabric. The doors are attached to the boiler on hinges or another type of fastening is thought out.
The furnace in the afterburning zone is lined with fireclay bricks in a quarter of a brick for a heat-resistant mortar.
Adjustable legs are welded or bolted to the boiler, allowing it to be set strictly horizontally.
The body is ground, the scale is removed, after which they cover it with heat-resistant paint from a cylinder with their own hands.
Install a smoke exhauster between the smoke pipe and the chimney, connect it to the network.
A controller is installed on the top of the boiler, and the sensor is placed in the heat exchanger next to the outlet fitting.

This completes the assembly of the boiler, and you can connect it to the heating system and proceed with the adjustment.

Connecting the boiler to the heating circuit

Do-it-yourself long-burning boilers can work in systems with natural or forced circulation - their design is quite reliable. Systems with natural circulation are mounted in compliance with the angle of inclination of the pipes, with forced circulation - with the connection of a circulation pump of the required power, which is determined by calculation.

Due to the heat exchanger's tendency to low-temperature corrosion, it is recommended that the temperature of the water at the inlet fitting be monitored. It should not fall below 60 degrees Celsius. In order to maintain it within these limits, a jumper is made between the direct and return pipes, with the help of which the return pipe is diluted with hot water to the desired temperature.

Setting up and turning on

Before putting the boiler into operation, it is necessary to fill the system with coolant. Adjustment consists in choosing the mode of air supply to the afterburner, thereby regulating the intensity of combustion of gases and the temperature in the furnace.

Indirectly, you can determine the optimal operating mode by the smoke coming out of the pipe: if it does not have a pungent odor and a gray tint, then the fuel burns out completely, and the mode is selected correctly.

For the first few days, the homemade boiler operates in test mode. At this time, it is better not to leave it unattended and use only high-quality fuel, and load the chamber for 2/3 of the load. After testing, the boiler can be run at full capacity and enjoy the warmth in the house.

gidpopechkam.ru

The principle of operation of the Popov boiler. Technical characteristics and design features. Consumer reviews

TEU (thermochemical power plants) "Popov's boilers" are equipment for heating a coolant - water or air.

Heating occurs due to thermochemical processes of converting solid fuel into a gaseous state, followed by combustion of these gases.

Popov's boiler can work as a gas, coal, wood-burning apparatus, as well as a waste disposal device.

Principle of operation

The operation of this heating equipment is based on the principle of pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) of solid fuel.

Attention! The receipt of additional thermal energy and the burning process extended in time increase the duration of burning on one tab.

A CHP-based boiler house does not need smoke exhausters, since there is enough draft to remove the combustion products, which is provided by a properly arranged chimney.

Attention! Due to the absence of carbon and tar in the exhaust gases, the chimney pipes retain a smooth surface, which protects them from the accumulation of soot. Cleaning the heat generator can be carried out by any handyman in combination with other work.

The operation of the Popov heating plant can be stopped at any time using the control system.

The design of the Popov pyrolysis boiler

Popov's heating unit consists of two chambers: the lower one - pyrolysis and the upper one - the afterburning chamber for pyrolysis gases.

The afterburner consists of two sections separated by a horizontal partition. The unit is equipped with three controls:

Small oxidant pipes located under the door regulate the output of the heating plant by changing the oxygen supply to the pyrolysis chamber.
The upper damper, located on the upper branch pipe of the heat generator, is designed to control the performance of the unit by changing the rate of flue gas removal.
A damper is located in the center in front of the unit, which prevents flue gases from entering the room.

Attention! To reduce the heat loss of the unit, a water jacket and an outer heat-insulating layer are used.

Reviews about Popov's boiler are very diverse - both positive and negative. Therefore, before purchasing such equipment or its self-manufacturing according to the drawings, it is advisable to consult with the users of this unit. Representatives of the official manufacturer of TEU "Popov's Boilers" NPP "Ultrazvuk" LLC claim that fakes may appear on the heating equipment market that are not capable of providing the declared characteristics.

kotel-otoplenija.ru

Popov's pyrolysis boiler

Heating a room in winter is one of the most important tasks that provide comfortable conditions in it. And Popov's pyrolysis boiler has recently been gaining more and more popularity. The gas boiler provides the best heating performance of the building, and also has excellent functionality and practicality in use. However, it is not always possible to use this benefit of civilization, and its prices have recently reached sky-high heights. These factors served as the starting point for the search for other types of heating their own homes.

Overview of solid fuel boilers and their shortcomings identified during the operation of the devices

Solid fuel boilers are an alternative to gas combustion plants. A variety of stoves and potbelly stoves have been known to the population of our country for quite a long time. Many of us ourselves use such devices to heat our own sheds or garages. As an additional source of heat, these devices show their best side. However, their use is associated with some inconveniences due to the principle of operation of similar objects. Among them are the following factors:

high consumption of fuel materials;
low efficiency;
the need to constantly maintain combustion;
abundant smoke.

All of these solid fuel stoves provide a short-term temperature maintenance effect. In the future, they require constant attention and maintenance of the combustion process.

In addition, the efficiency of similar devices is quite low, this effect is associated with a large amount of heat contained in the combustion products and its removal through the chimney to the outside. All this leads to the fact that a significant part of the heat that could serve to heat the room is simply dissolved in the environment. At the same time, the consumption of fuel material remains significant, which is completely uneconomical from a material point of view.

Popov's oven: principle of operation and clear advantages

An alternative to similar devices is Popov's solid fuel boiler, based on the use of the pyrolysis effect. What does this mean? The design of the combustion chamber of this device is made practically sealed, i.e., the access of oxygen to it is strictly limited. It is no secret to anyone that oxygen is necessary for a full-fledged combustion process, otherwise it simply will not occur. Based on this factor, the minimum air intake into the combustion chamber is still provided. However, its amount is so negligible that full-fledged combustion does not occur. Instead, there is a procedure of slow smoldering of solid fuel. Heat transfer in this case has significantly lower rates than with full-fledged combustion of materials. But due to its design, this difference is almost imperceptible.

Popov's stove contains one secret embedded in its design. It consists in the re-combustion of exhaust gases. What does this mean? During the slow decay of wood, which is the main fuel element used in this stove, a significant amount of smoke is released, which contains some unused fuel. It is he who is redirected to the next compartment, where he is reused. As a result of this process, it is partially burned and the heat transfer of the entire device is increased. Remains of double-processed fuel are discharged outside through the chimney. Ultimately, the Popov furnace gives excellent performance with a relatively small consumption of solid fuel. All these factors make it possible to single out and structure the advantages of this device over other similar devices. They look like this and in the best possible way characterize the qualities of this furnace:

low fuel consumption;
increased efficiency;
low rates of smoke formation;
long combustion time of the fuel material.

The above qualities made the Popov furnace one of the most functional solid fuel devices that exist today. Its heat transfer characteristics and relatively low wood consumption allow us to speak about the optimal qualities of this device.

Do-it-yourself Popov pyrolysis oven: main components

As for the device of a similar furnace, it is quite straightforward. This is one of her main secrets, allowing you to assemble the Popov oven with your own hands. The schematic diagram of this device contains a clear drawing, according to which its creation can be carried out as soon as possible. This furnace consists of the following components, which together form a unique functional product, characterized by high qualities of heat generation and distribution. The set of parts from which the furnace itself is formed looks like this:

base;
the combustion chamber;
secondary chamber;
chimney.

Four basic elements make it possible to create a magnificent product that is the benchmark for solid fuel stoves.

The sturdy base serves as the lower part of the primary combustion chamber, into which the solid fuel is directly loaded. It is usually made of thick-walled metal, which has maximum strength characteristics. The combustion chamber itself is reproduced on top of the base. It is practically no different from the designs of any other similar devices, with the exception of the exhaust gases that do not enter the chimney, but into the recycling chamber located one level above the primary compartment. There it is processed, and its residues are discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney.

sdelaypechi.ru

We assemble a pyrolysis boiler with our own hands: instructions and work technology

There are still regions in which there is no centralized heating. The only source of heat in them are boilers running on solid or liquid fuels. Those who have had a chance to get acquainted with the operation of such boilers in practice know how many disadvantages such devices have.

Relatively recently, boilers have appeared that run on wood, but the main thermal effect is obtained due to the combustion of pyrolysis gases. Unfortunately, market options for pyrolysis boilers are expensive. But nothing prevents the craftsmen from assembling a simple pyrolysis boiler with their own hands, assembling an economical and highly efficient heating device.

The principle of the pyrolysis boilers

The pyrolysis combustion process is called dry distillation. As a result of the interaction of high temperatures and lack of oxygen, the wood in the boiler decomposes to coke, while releasing pyrolysis gas. When this gas is mixed with a large volume of oxygen, under the influence of a catalyst (high temperature), an exothermic reaction occurs, leading to the ignition of the gas.

Pyrolysis gas also reacts with carbon, as a result of which the smoke emitted after fuel exhaustion does not contain harmful compounds. The decay products of wood (coke) also release heat during combustion, supporting the reaction. This implies the conclusion that the efficiency of the pyrolysis boiler approaches 100% efficiency.

Advantages and disadvantages of pyrolysis boilers

First of all, consider the advantages of this type of equipment:

The boiler is able to maintain a high temperature for a long time
Small energy costs. With the same amount of wood used for heating, the pyrolysis boiler works 6-9 hours longer than a wood boiler
Decay products contain a minimum amount of harmful substances
Wood boards and some types of polymeric materials can be used as fuel.

The disadvantages include the following nuances:

High cost of equipment in domestic markets
The fuel used must be thoroughly dried before loading. Otherwise, the efficiency of the pyrolysis boiler drops noticeably.
Dependence on the power grid. To maintain the combustion process, it is necessary to increase the air sweat with a fan that is connected to the network

The most popular way of heating is heating a private house with gas. Natural gas is the most economical fuel for a private home. True, you will have to spend money on specialists to install such heating, since installing gas heating on your own without experience is fraught not only with breakdowns. The health and lives of users are at risk.

For gas heating, you can use different types of pipes: steel, copper, galvanized, polypropylene. Read about polypropylene for heating here.

The classic model of pyrolysis boilers

The design feature of this model of heating devices is two combustion chambers, which are necessary for high-quality and efficient maintenance of the pyrolytic process. The loading chamber is designed for the decomposition of the energy carrier and the release of pyrolysis gas. After that, the gases enter the second chamber, where, when mixed with oxygen, they form a combustible mixture. A grate is installed between the chambers, on which briquettes are laid.

Another feature of the pyrolysis boiler is the presence of forced draft. Increased aerodynamic resistance necessitates the installation of a special smoke exhauster or fan that will provide oxygen.

Necessary tools and materials for assembly

In order to assemble the pyrolysis boiler yourself, you need to purchase the following tools:

Electric welding. It is recommended to use DC models
Drill
Large angle grinder (possible to fit a 230 mm wheel). It is also desirable to have a circle with a diameter of 125 mm, but you can do without it

After acquiring all the necessary tools, you need to find the appropriate materials from which the pyrolysis boiler will be assembled:

High quality sheet metal. The metal sheet must be 4 to 6.5 mm thick, and its total area must be at least 7 square meters. m. In order to save on this item, you can use 4 mm. sheet steel only for assembling the loading chamber. Thinner sheets of iron can also be used for the second chamber and outer walls.
57 mm pipe 6-8 m long, wall thickness - within 2.5-3 mm
159 mm pipe 0.7 m long, allowable wall thickness - no more than 4.5 mm
Two professional pipes, one 60x30, the other - 80x40. Pipe length - 1 m
Steel strip 20 mm wide, 4 mm thick and 7 m long
Steel strip with parameters: width - 35 mm, thickness - 4 mm, length - 1.5 m
Steel strip with a width of at least 85 mm, a thickness of 5 mm and a length of 1 m
Electrodes - 5 packs
Cutting wheels - 10 pieces, diameter - 230 mm, grinding wheels - 5 pieces, diameter - 125 mm
Temperature sensor
Fan

These are the main materials that the master will need to assemble the pyrolysis boiler. During operation, it may turn out that some consumables are missing. However, this will not affect either the price of the assembly or its quality.

Do-it-yourself pyrolysis boiler (drawing)

Before starting the assembly of such a complex device, it is necessary to draw up a diagram of all parts of the boiler. We do not recommend developing home-made heating boilers from scratch (of course, if the master is not a heating engineer). It is much easier to take a ready-made scheme and assemble according to it, if necessary, making the necessary additions or improvements.

Do-it-yourself pyrolysis boiler scheme:

A - apparatus that controls the boiler circuit
B - the door through which the loading is made
C - ash pan
D - smoke outlet
E - coupling intended for the fuse sensor
F - branch pipe, which is installed for the emergency line
G - coolant supply line on the KV circuit
H - water supply to the heat exchanger, R= 3/4 inch
K - hot water supply to the heat exchanger
L - outlet line of the KR circuit
M - Expansion tank

The proposed option is not the simplest - this is the well-known scheme of the Belyaev boiler. If desired, you can find on the Internet much simpler designs of a do-it-yourself pyrolysis boiler, but we offer our readers exactly the option whose technological features will be optimal. When changing design features, it must be remembered that the size of the inner chamber should change slightly.

Take into account: when carrying out a trial run of a pyrolysis boiler, it is necessary to determine the efficiency indicator. Of course, calculations can be omitted - just look at the state of the smoke. If carbon monoxide is not felt, the efficiency of the pyrolysis boiler is high.

Pyrolysis boilers can use not only water, but also air as a heat carrier. The coolant moves along the circuits in the same way as water. This system is effective in houses that the owners rarely visit, for example, in country houses made of foam blocks.

If heating can be neglected for a country house, then frame houses for winter living require the mandatory installation of heating systems. By the way, frame houses have many advantages. They are easy to erect, have a relatively low cost of construction, high thermal insulation properties. Read about frame houses for permanent residence here.

In addition to heating, you need to deal with ventilation at home. Read about the installation of ventilation in the house in this article. If you take this matter seriously, then the ventilation system can be made by hand.

Fire safety conditions

Not only technological implementation is important, but also the implementation of the rules for installing a pyrolysis boiler, taking into account all safety requirements. The following conditions must be met:

The boiler must be installed exclusively in non-residential premises
There must be a brick or concrete base under the boiler
The distance to the nearest walls or interior items must be at least 30 cm
The room must be well ventilated

Please note: it is recommended to insulate the boiler chimney after installation with mineral wool in order to avoid the formation of condensate and resins on the inner surface of the pipe.

Video about do-it-yourself pyrolysis boilers

Making a pyrolysis boiler with your own hands (15-25 kW)

DIY pyrolysis boiler (45kW)

DIY solid fuel pyrolysis boiler

megabeaver.ru

Do-it-yourself Popov's boiler

Popov's boiler is modern and productive equipment, on the basis of which you can build a complete air or water heating system. During the operation of the boiler, the loaded solid fuel undergoes a number of thermochemical processes, decomposing into solid and gaseous parts. Subsequently, the gases are also burned, which makes fuel consumption as efficient as possible.

Do-it-yourself Popov's boiler

Popov's boiler is perfect for heating rooms of various purposes and dimensions. Almost any solid fuel is suitable for the firebox. If necessary, such a boiler can even be used as a waste disposal unit. A lot of detailed diagrams and intelligible instructions are freely available, guided by which the heating unit in question can be assembled by hand.

The mechanism of action of the Popov boiler

The operation of the boiler in question is based on the principle of pyrolysis. In the furnace compartment of the unit, conditions for reduced air access are created. As a result, the fuel does not burn, but slowly smolders. In parallel with this, various gaseous combustible components with a very high calorific value are formed.

Data of chromatographic analysis of gas from the gas duct "Popov's boiler"

Loaded fuel decomposes at about 200-350 degrees. The resulting gases are directed to the afterburner compartment. There is already enough air in this chamber, which allows the gases to completely burn out and release a lot of heat. The resulting thermal energy is fed to the coolant.

Pyrolysis boilers in general and the Popov boiler in question in particular are very productive and cost-effective equipment. Such units are able to operate on a single fuel load much longer compared to other existing heating equipment.

The boiler room based on Popov's homemade boiler will not have to be equipped with smoke exhausters, because. The products of combustion will be sufficiently removed by means of a chimney. The equipment in question is equipped with a system of mechanical control of the coolant, which makes the unit independent of the power supply.

Popov's boiler

Popov's boiler is characterized by high accuracy - the temperature can be set with an accuracy of half a degree. It is enough to lay fuel 1-2 times a day. The specific frequency depends primarily on the size of the loading chamber.

There are no tar and carbon in the exhaust gases, which makes it possible to assemble the chimney from pipes with smooth inner walls. Soot on them still will not accumulate. Design features allow you to clean the unit without any difficulty. If necessary, the chimney is disconnected from the main part of the system and all units are cleaned in a convenient way.

Popov's boiler can be cleaned of ash without even stopping its operation. At the same time, it is not necessary to remove all the ash. A layer of ash should remain near large pipes, having a thickness of the order of 1-5 cm. It will act as a catalyst for the thermochemical processes occurring in the boiler.

Boiler design features

1 - exhaust pipe damper (external gate)
2 - cover of large pipes of oxidizers
3 - small tube oxidizers
4 - combustion chamber door
5 - internal gate
6 - injector hole
7 - revision cover
8 - condensate drain pipe
9 - branch pipes of the supply and return lines
10 - water drain pipe
11 - branch pipe of the boiler safety group
12 - exhaust pipe flange

The unit itself is assembled from 2 main chambers. The pyrolysis process takes place in the lower chamber, and the resulting pyrolysis gases are burned in the compartment installed at the top. The upper section is additionally divided into 2 sections using a horizontal partition.

The boiler is equipped with regulators in the amount of three pieces, namely:

small pipes. These elements are installed below the boiler door. These oxidizer pipes are needed to change the power of the heating unit by changing the volume of air supplied;
top slider. This element is placed on the upper heat generating branch pipe. Allows you to adjust the main characteristics of the boiler by changing the speed of smoke removal;
central slider. Mounted on the front of the unit. Thanks to this device, smoke in the boiler room will be prevented.

A block is installed above the fuel combustion compartment, through which secondary air enters the chamber, which is necessary for the afterburning of pyrolysis gases. The design of this block includes swirlers, thanks to which the most uniform distribution of heated air throughout the chamber space is ensured.

The flue gases move towards the exit from the chamber. At this stage, there is a very intensive transfer of their heat in favor of the coolant used. As a result, the combustion products cool down to about 140 degrees.

Popov's boiler

Additionally, the boiler is equipped with an external heat-insulating layer and a special water jacket. Thanks to these devices, it is possible to reduce heat loss.

The recommended length of the flue pipe of the Popov boiler is 700 cm. When using a shorter pipe, a deterioration in draft will be noted. Try to keep the length of the horizontal section of the chimney no more than 100 cm. The "street" part of the pipe must be insulated. At the bottom of the chimney, make a hole with a door. Through it, you can conveniently clean the structure as it becomes clogged.

If desired, a storage tank for water can be connected to the boiler. In this case, it is recommended to install a three-way valve. Thanks to him, the coolant will be able to pass in a smaller circle through the tank, due to which the water temperature at the return inlet to the unit will increase. This will help increase the life of the Popov boiler.

The considered heating unit can use a wide variety of types of coolants for operation. In general, any solid fuel of organic origin is suitable. The main thing is that the moisture content of the raw materials should be no more than 65%. Peat and coal are also suitable.

Modifications of boilers equipped with gas burners are available for sale, through which you can set up the operation of the unit using liquefied or main gas. However, it is better to refuse self-assembly of the gas modification of the boiler, because. This is a very responsible job that requires high qualifications. The slightest mistake can lead to life-threatening situations.

In the case of self-assembly, it is best to give preference to the classic solid fuel variation of the Popov boiler.

Do-it-yourself Popov boiler assembly manual

Pressed sawdust

Do-it-yourself boiler assembly is carried out in a few simple steps. However, first you need to thoroughly understand the operation of the equipment, then it will be much easier to assemble it.

Raw materials are put into the furnace in several layers, each of which is carefully compacted. The denser you compact the raw materials, the higher the efficiency of the unit will be. Even an ordinary stove will heat much more efficiently if it is loaded with carefully dried firewood, let alone Popov's pyrolysis boiler.

Before starting work, collect all the accessories necessary for assembling the boiler so that in the future you will not be distracted by their search.

Popov boiler assembly kit

Fuel tank.
Steel sheets. You will need sheets with a thickness of 2-3 mm and 4-5 mm.
Apparatus for welding.
Bulgarian.
Rectangular pipes 6x4 cm.
Round pipes with a diameter of 4 and 5 cm.
cement mortar.
Bricks.

First step

Second phase

Prepare pipes. Products should be of such a size that they can be normally inserted into each other - this will make it easier for you to assemble Popov's boiler. Rectangular pipes are installed vertically, round pipes are welded to the boiler horizontally.

In total, two pipes will be connected to the boiler. Through one, heated water will be removed, through the second - cold liquid will be supplied. To install pipes, first prepare holes with a diameter of 0.5 cm in the walls of the boiler.

Third stage

Weld the pipes to the boiler body. Be careful, cook so that there are no cracks.

Fourth stage

Check the boiler body for leaks. It is important that the installation does not let smoke and water through. The check is extremely simple - just pour water into the pipes and monitor the condition of the system. If leaks are found, seal the holes by welding.

Fifth stage

Install the assembled structure in the frame. The frame is laid out of brick. For masonry, use cement mortar. If possible, this frame is recommended to be done in advance, but this is not critical.

Thus, there is nothing complicated in self-assembly of Popov's boiler. Perform the tasks described in sequence, and you will have at your disposal an efficient, productive, reliable and cost-effective heating unit in operation, which is in no way inferior to expensive factory-made analogues.

Do-it-yourself installation of mdf panels on the ceiling video - how to fix the panels, video installation instructions for your own hands and photos

What else to read

How to remember people? Effective ways. Remembering faces If you want to be remembered How to improve your memory: effectively remembering faces and names I must admit that I myself do not always...

Windows: Automatic logon (autologin) If you're running Windows 7 on your personal computer, you'll often need to confirm your login (by...

Standard photo sizes A photograph is one moment of life that remains in memory for many years. No matter what happens, but when you take...

Popov's pyrolysis boiler drawing. Saratov business bulletin-industrial news

Working principle and advantages

Design

Iven

I cook boilers and furnaces

Iven

I cook boilers and furnaces

Participant

Principle of operation

The design of the Popov pyrolysis boiler

First step

Second phase

Third stage

Fourth stage

Fifth stage

Video - Popov's pyrolysis boiler

Do-it-yourself Popov long-burning boiler drawings, installation

Design features, characteristics

The principle of operation, the nuances of setting

Installation rules, basic requirements

Difficulties of self-production

Homemade pyrolysis boiler: drawings, calculation, adjustment, video

Differences and benefits

Design

Advantages and disadvantages

Drawings and description

Assembly technology

Connecting the boiler to the heating circuit

The principle of operation of the Popov boiler. Technical characteristics and design features. Consumer reviews

Principle of operation

The design of the Popov pyrolysis boiler

Popov's pyrolysis boiler

Overview of solid fuel boilers and their shortcomings identified during the operation of the devices

Popov's oven: principle of operation and clear advantages

Do-it-yourself Popov pyrolysis oven: main components

We assemble a pyrolysis boiler with our own hands: instructions and work technology

The principle of the pyrolysis boilers

Advantages and disadvantages of pyrolysis boilers

The classic model of pyrolysis boilers

Necessary tools and materials for assembly

Do-it-yourself pyrolysis boiler (drawing)

Fire safety conditions

Video about do-it-yourself pyrolysis boilers

Do-it-yourself Popov's boiler

The mechanism of action of the Popov boiler

Boiler design features

Do-it-yourself Popov boiler assembly manual

Popov boiler assembly kit

First step

Second phase

Third stage

Fourth stage

Fifth stage

What else to read

THE LAST NOTES

Categories