It doesn't fade in the sun. Why do some people tan while others burn instantly?

1. Most important: the first sessions of sunbathing should not last more than 20 minutes. And if you're one of the fast-burning Fitzpatrick I-IIs—and haven't tanned yet this year—even less so.

2. If you are taking medication - before sunbathing, consult your doctor. Some medications can increase the body's sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, provoke photodermatosis or the appearance of hyperpigmentation. In particular, ibuprofen and some other antipyretic and analgesic drugs, antibiotics and antimicrobials, herbal preparations based on St. John's wort can have a photosensitizing effect.

3. Apply sunscreen 20-25 minutes before going outside: chemical filters, which are part of most new generation cosmetics, do not begin to act immediately.

4. Keep in mind that day creams with SPF for the beach are very often not suitable. Firstly, because SPF 6-15, which most of them have, is not enough for the beach. Secondly, the filters included in their composition can only protect against UVB rays, while the beach requires protection from both types of ultraviolet waves - UVA and UVB.

Program experts will tell you more about the most important rules for skin care before and after sunbathing, about how to properly sunbathe and choose sunscreen cosmetics. "In the shape of".

5. Don't forget: Auto-bronze tan does not protect against sunburn. Unlike regular tanning obtained in a solarium or on the beach, "self-tanning" does not cause the formation of melanin in skin cells - a pigment that not only gives the skin a brownish tint, but also weakens the action of ultraviolet radiation.

6. Don't skimp on sunscreen: apply them in sufficient quantities (at least 20 ml should go to the face and body in one “session”) and renew protection every 2-3 hours: after a couple of hours, sun filters lose up to 50% of their “working ability”, and if we use a lot swimming or playing sports - and more.

Protective moisturizer Protective Daily Moisturizer SPF 30+, Ultraceuticals with broad-spectrum physical and chemical filters and anti-aging antioxidants - green tea extract and vitamin E

Waterproof face sunscreen Expert Sun Aging Protection Cream Shiseido with moisturizing and anti-aging action with broad-spectrum filters and Profense CELTM complex that prevents the formation of wrinkles and age spots

Very high protection sunscreen for sensitive skin SPF 50+ (PPD 42) Anthelios XL 50+ La Roche Posay without perfumes and parabens

High Protection Nourishing Sun Cream Advance UV Defense SPF 30 SkinCeuticals with Mexoryl SX and XL sunscreens, alpha-tocopherol and botanical antioxidants

Tanning milk with a high level of protection Maxi Spray SPF 30 Protectyl Vegetal Maxi Spray, Yves Rocher with formulawater- andsweat-resistant

Protective anti-aging cream for face and body with a high degree of protection Intelligence Soleil SPF 50 Dr. Pierre Ricaud with Acti-Liss formula to hydrate, nourish, prevent skin aging and age spots

Sun stick Targeted Protection Stick SPF 35, Clinique for sensitive skin areas with water- and sweat-resistant formula, antioxidants and skin-softening ingredients

Sun stick Super Stick Solaire SPF 30, Sisley for sensitive areas of the face with camellia oil, mango and shea butters

7. Another very important nuance that everyone remembers, but once on the beach, they usually forget: do not sunbathe from 11 am to 4 pm, when the sun is the most active and you can get a sunburn in just 5-10 minutes. In addition, as dermatologists do not get tired of repeating, the sun at this time is also especially harmful, so the best option would be not just to transfer under an umbrella. In general, go indoors or at least under a wide canopy. And keep in mind that in the equatorial latitudes, “X hour”, when it is very easy to burn out, comes earlier: starting from 10 am, the sun fries mercilessly (by the way, at the same time, the risk of getting heat stroke increases).

8. Remember: you can get burned even in the shade or on a cloudy day, but in the water you get burned faster. Even when the sky is covered with clouds, about 40% of solar radiation reaches the Earth's surface. In addition, light sand and water perfectly reflect ultraviolet rays - and the amount of "irradiation" that the skin gets under increases.

Natalia Gaidash

dermatocosmetologist, candidate of medical sciences, head of the clinic of aesthetic medicine "TriActive"

Especially careful with the sun should be the owners of a large number of moles and fair skin, which easily burns in the sun. Not all moles degenerate into melanoma, but close monitoring is necessary for each nevus, as well as for any skin neoplasm in general. It is necessary to undergo diagnostics (screening) every year and it is better to do this before traveling to hot and sunny countries.

9. Keep in mind that the back, face, décolleté and shoulders burn faster therefore, it is worth applying funds with a higher SPF to these areas (the nose and ears burn the fastest on the face). Also, after water procedures, it is worth putting a hat on your head and throwing a pareo over your shoulders or putting on a light beach tunic: this will additionally protect your skin from direct sun.

10. If sunscreen is suddenly not at hand, and there is no way to buy it, olive oil will help out. It has a small sun protection factor, an approximate SPF of 2-4 (shea butter, sesame, avocado and jojoba oils work in a similar way). However, if the skin has not yet tanned and it is far from the skin tone of sultry and never burning in the sun beauties representatives of the IV phototype like Penelope Cruz or Selma Hayek better stay in the shade: natural sunscreens do not provide long-term and sufficient protection on the beach.

Everyone's favorite and long-awaited holiday season has begun, the sea, sandy beaches, delicious fruits and sunbathing. Everyone wants to bask in the sun, and no matter where: on a white sandy beach on the shores of the azure sea or on a green lawn in the country. But does everyone know how to sunbathe properly so as not to peel off the next day after spending a sleepless night in a moisturizer? No matter where you decide to get your tan, read on for our tips! ;)

Despite the fact that the sun has a beneficial effect on us (increases the level of serotonin, stimulates the production of vitaminD, strengthens the immune system), yet it also has disadvantages: the risk of getting burned, aging prematurely, or getting skin cancer. But all the disadvantages can be reduced to zero by following the simple rules for sunbathing.

Rule 1: Don't Forget Your Sunscreen

It would seem that everyone knows about it. However, how do you choose one that will actually protect your skin? Different creams provide different levels of protection, which is indicated by the index SPF.

The level of SPF (sun protection factor) determines the effectiveness of counteracting UV radiation of the skin treated with the cream. For example, if your cream has an SPF-20 index, you can get a dose of UV without harm to health 20 times more than without the use of a protective agent. SPF protects the skin only from group B UV rays, which are just dangerous for our health.

On sunscreen packages, SPF usually ranges from 2 to 50. To know which level is right for you, it is important to determine your skin type. Don't be scared, it's very simple. Scientists identify 6 phototypes, read the descriptions and look for matches:

Phototype 1: people with blond hair, fair skin and light eyes. Representatives of this type most often burn the sun. It is recommended to stay in the sun for no more than 15 minutes without protection, creams with SPF-30 and above are suitable.

Phototype 2: people with blond or red hair, gray eyes and fair skin, often with freckles. Recommended time in the sun: 20 - 30 minutes; creams with SPF-20, and then a minimum of SPF-10.

Phototype 3: people with dark hair, brown eyes, swarthy skin. Recommended time in the sun: up to 40 minutes without additional protection. To prevent burns while tanning, you need to use creams with SPF-15 only after arriving on vacation, and SPF-6 after three to four days.

Phototype 4: brunettes with dark eyes and swarthy skin. Such people most often do not suffer from sunlight, but for prevention it is better to use a cream with SPF-8.

5 and 6 phototype: people with very dark (up to black) skin. They can spend a lot of time in the sun without protection and only use moisturizers.

Have you identified your phototype? Fine! However, it is important to know the rules for applying sunscreen:

1. Apply 20 minutes before sunbathing.

2. Do not forget to reapply the cream according to the instructions.

Rule 2: tan gradually

If everything were so simple: spend a few hours in the sun and immediately get the desired tan for the whole year! But don't even dream about it. As practice shows, adherents of this method most often suffer from the negative consequences of sunburn.

The dark pigment that gives our skin its brown color is called melanin. But besides giving color to the skin, it has another important function - it is a protective mechanism that protects the skin from UV rays! Melanin creates a kind of protective barrier around skin cells that scatters dangerous UVB rays. That is why it is important to accumulate melanin gradually: sunbathe on the first day for 10-15 minutes before lunch, and 15-20 after. For a positive effect, add every day for 10 minutes, preventing the skin from reddening in the sun.

Rule 3: Prepare your skin for tanning

Before sunbathing, it is important to cleanse the skin of impurities and dead cells. So it will be easier for her to accumulate melanin. You can do this with soft scrubs, a washcloth, or an exfoliating glove. But don't be zealous. It is enough to cleanse the skin in this way once a week and a half.

Rule 4: Don't be in the sun in the middle of the day

The more direct sunlight hits the skin, the more UV it receives. The maximum radiation falls on the time from 10:00 to 16:00. If the health of the skin and the body as a whole is dear to you, it is better not to show yourself in the sun at this time. Go outside at this time in light clothes with long sleeves.

It is safest to sunbathe before 10 am and in the evening after 4 pm.

Rule 5: protect the body from the inside

Don't worry, you don't need to eat sunscreen for this. To do this, there are products that help reduce the negative effects of UV rays due to the high content of antioxidants. So what are these products:

• fatty fish that are rich in omega-3: mackerel, tuna, salmon, salmon.
• red and orange vegetables and fruits: tomatoes, peppers, oranges, apricots
• any kind of cabbage: broccoli, leafy, cauliflower
• teas: green and black

In addition, there are products that, on the contrary, can increase the negative effect of the sun on the skin. For example yogurt, cheese or whole milk.

Rule 6: know the measure

The fact is that it makes no sense to sunbathe all day, since the body stops producing melanin after 2-3 hours of exposure to the sun. So 4-5 hours in the sun will not give you a chocolate or bronze tan, but will only increase the risk of skin damage.

Rule 7: take care of your skin after sunburn

If you want to keep your tan for a longer time, do not forget to moisturize your skin after sunbathing. This is important to do because the body treats excess melanin as a wake-up call that signals damage to the skin. That is why he seeks to quickly get rid of the top tanned layer, making it drier. So it was easier for the body to get rid of damaged cells and exfoliate them.

Use moisturizers and lotions and wait with scrubs and rough washcloths.

Well, here are, perhaps, the basic rules that will provide you with the perfect tan!

We wish you a pleasant holiday,

your personal travel agency E TRAVEL

Summer is the time when many take vacations and leave to soak up the sun. But if for some sunbathing is pure pleasure, then for others it is a risk to experience pain and discomfort, which is called a sunburn.

I am sure you already know that sunburn is the result of exposure to ultraviolet radiation on the skin and that it is possible to prevent unpleasant consequences with the help of sunscreen. But what you may not know is that sunburn is nothing more than a defensive reaction of the body, and that the effectiveness of aloe vera (popularly considered one of the best remedies for relieving burn symptoms) has not been proven at all.

Given that sunburn is a fairly common occurrence, it is surprising how many questions, myths, and misconceptions it has grown.

In this article, we will explain to you what sunburn, sunburn, sunscreens are and, most importantly, how to protect yourself from the development of cancerous tumors.

Why do some people tan and others instantly burn?

In short, sunburn is the reaction of skin cells to damage to DNA molecules under the influence of ultraviolet rays. By themselves, sunburn and sunburn are not harmful to the body, this is only evidence that DNA molecules have been damaged, which means that the likelihood of developing skin cancer has increased.

Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation occupying the spectral range between visible and X-rays. The sun emits several types of ultraviolet light.

Short wavelength UV (UV-C) is almost completely absorbed by the ozone layer. But the remaining two types (UV-A and UV-B) are able to penetrate the ozone layer.

For a long time, it was erroneously believed that only UV-B could cause skin damage and cause DNA molecules to go into an excited state (this leads to mutations, genetic disorders and, as a result, the development of cancer).

More recently, scientists have found that although UV-A does not cause burns, this type of radiation also provokes the development of cancer.

It should be borne in mind that our body has a natural protection against ultraviolet radiation - a dark pigment called melanin. Melanin stains cells in a dark color and reduces the harmful effects of radiation on the body.

Some people are born with increased levels of melanin, making their skin darker and less vulnerable to UV damage. Others are forced to produce this pigment under the influence of small doses of radiation. The whole process takes from one to three days, and when it is completed, what we used to call a tan appears.

However, having a tan does not mean that your skin is completely protected from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. People of all skin tones are prone to sunburn. It's just that those who have less melanin are more likely to get burned.

Why Sunburns Cause Pain, Itching, and Blisters

The first reaction of the body to damage to DNA molecules during irradiation is to kill the affected cells. This is necessary to prevent mutated cells from reproducing uncontrollably, forming a tumor.

If dead cells in the upper layers of the skin exfoliate without any special obstacles (about a day after a sunburn), then the damaged cells in the deeper layers of the body have to be cleaned. There is a special mechanism for this.

When a cell dies, it releases a tiny piece of damaged genetic material. This is a signal for neighboring cells to initiate a series of changes known as an inflammatory response.

This is the same reaction that the body launches in response to an infection. Blood vessels dilate, increasing blood flow (as a result, the temperature rises), increased protein synthesis leads to itching and pain.

If a large number of cells are killed at once, a blister forms in their place. The body needs this in order to fill the damaged tissue with plasma and thus promote healing.

When and where are you more likely to get burned?

The time it takes to burn is proportional to the amount of ultraviolet light received by the skin. Accordingly, the more direct rays hit the skin, the greater the dose received.

That is, the closer to the equator, the higher the chance of getting sunburn. Similarly, the probability increases dramatically during the summer, especially between 10:00 and 14:00. And UV radiation reaches its peak at noon.

Unfortunately, clouds are better at blocking visible sunlight than ultraviolet, so you can get burned even on a cloudy day.

In some cases - for unclear reasons - clouds can even increase the amount of ultraviolet reaching the surface.

If you are at high altitude, then the likelihood of getting burns is much higher, because in this case, solar radiation does not need to break through the entire atmospheric layer to reach you.

There are other factors that can increase the risk of burns. For example, being near snow, water, white sand, or another substance that reflects UV will expose you to more radiation.

How to prevent burns

The answer is banal. Use sunscreen. This will not only prevent sunburn, but also significantly reduce the risk of cancer cells.

Although with sunscreens, not everything is so simple. There is evidence that the active chemicals in creams have side effects and can cause poisoning. Therefore, today the opinion is very popular that the best protection is creams based on minerals such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide.

Yet most dermatologists tend to believe that the benefits of chemical-based sunscreens outweigh the potential harm. Also, dermatologists recommend using creams with a broad spectrum of protection (protection from UV-A and UV-B) and an SPF of at least 30.

What is the SPF value in sunscreens

SPF is an indicator of how long the cream is able to maintain its protective properties. That is, if the skin burns in 10 minutes without a cream, then a cream with an SPF of 30 can increase this period to 300 minutes.

It is also worth paying attention to the fact that SPF is a logarithmic value and after reaching a certain point (approximately 30) further increase in this value is unlikely to add additional protection.

How to use sunscreen

Experts recommend applying sunscreen at least 15 minutes before sun exposure. It is worth repeating the procedure every two hours or immediately after you sweat or swim. Of course, there are a number of waterproof creams, but the rest are either washed off or lose their properties.

What to do if you are already burned

First, hide from the sun to prevent further damage and allow the body to start its own healing mechanism.

Second, to relieve pain, you can take a cold shower or use a moisturizer and anti-itch. If the pain is severe, it is acceptable to take painkillers.

Important! There is no evidence that aloe vera is the best treatment for burns.

Another good tip: if you get burned, drink more water. Sunburns are often accompanied by dehydration.

Sunburns begin to heal after a few days. It gets better in a couple of weeks. And yet it is worth remembering that cells with damaged DNA molecules accumulate and the more often you sunbathe or burn out, the higher the risk of developing cancer.

Be careful in the sun!

Siding is a facing material that not only protects your home from moisture and cold, but also gives the house a beautiful and modern look. This building material also attracts consumers because it can be easily and quickly installed, and it is also very easy to operate. But how do you choose the best one? Let's figure out which siding does not fade in the sun and does not fade.

Kinds

Siding is of the following types:

• vinyl;
• cement;
• steel.

All types of decorative cladding have, in addition to advantages and disadvantages. Of course, neither manufacturers nor sellers will directly tell you about the shortcomings. They have one interest - to profitably sell products. Very often, buyers ask the question which siding does not fade in the sun. Let's try to figure this out on our own.

It all depends on several conditions:

1. Material color;
2. Where is the house located: in the sun or in the shade;
3. Which lot did you purchase?
4. Mark.

Any type of this facing material is subject to ultraviolet radiation. Decorative panels located on the sunny side are especially subject to fading. However, the change in color will not be noticeable to the eye, as it occurs evenly over several years, as shown in the photo.

Characteristics

To choose a siding, it is better to see it yourself and get acquainted with the characteristics of this type of cladding, guided by the video. Decorative plates have a front and an inner side. The surface of each side must be painted evenly. The color on the inner surface may be lighter than the main color, but no stains are allowed, as shown in the photo:

• Sometimes manufacturers save on dyes to reduce the cost of the material. Poor quality siding is made from cheap raw materials. On the cut, you can see that the facing material is painted superficially. The outer and inner parts may have a completely different color. This is low grade material and not worth buying;
• High-quality building material can keep its original color for more than 10 years, good - 5 years, and cheap, low-grade can begin to fade in the sun after the third year of operation.

It all depends on how much titanium dioxide was invested in the product. This chemical, which is white in color, is aimed at protecting the color from the action of ultraviolet rays:

• Manufacturers who install enough dioxide will guarantee the color of the siding for many years, but it is much more expensive;
• Less of this chemical is invested in cheap material, so it begins to lose its color faster;
• Very light colors of the panels are the most resistant to ultraviolet radiation. The lighter the color of the material, the more titanium dioxide it contains. This means that such a sheathing material will not be exposed to sunlight as quickly as shown in the photo.

In addition, it is better to buy a set of additional elements in white: it does not fade, as shown in the photo. The set of dark details will fade in 10 years, and the skin will not have the look that it was at first.

Manufacturers

The first siding was released in America about 50 years ago. Today, the largest percentage of consumers account for products manufactured in the US and Canada. Companies produce vinyl siding of excellent quality, a variety of colors and shades. The siding of these manufacturers will look like new for decades. However, this sheathing material is expensive.

The most expensive is the sheathing material of Canadian manufacturers Mitten and Kaycan, as shown in the photo. They have been on the market for 50 years and guarantee that the material will not fade or fade for 30 years.

• Variform - USA;
• Vytec is a company from Canada;
• Georgia Pacific - made in the USA;
• Foundry - USA;
• Novik - Canada.

If you can't afford it, you can look at options for facing tiles from domestic manufacturers. Some of them produce good facing material, especially since it costs much less, as shown in the photo.

When choosing domestic sheathing material, choose a large company that has been working longer than others. Popular domestic manufacturers:

• Docke - Moscow;
• Nordside - St. Petersburg;
• Vox - Belarus;
• Atlantic - Belarus.

It may happen that you may receive an unsuccessful batch of material. For example, the manufacturing technology of the facing material may be accidentally violated at the factory. In this case, the quality of the siding, of course, will become worse. Therefore, it is better to opt for products from trusted companies.

Summing up

When choosing a facade coating that will serve you for many years, do not save money. It is better to choose facing material from well-known manufacturers, even if it is more expensive. If you want your home to please for a long time, get panels of light and pastel shades that do not fade as quickly as dark ones.

Each type of product, be it a car, a facing material, a textile product, has its own characteristic color, which depends on the presence of certain pigments in its coating paint or fiber.

Paint burnout, textile fading exposure to sunlight, intense rainfall or frequent use of detergents is a serious problem faced by manufacturers of almost any product. This process not only worsens the appearance of the product, its aesthetics, but can also disrupt the protective properties of the outer coating, creating prerequisites for the negative impact of various chemical contaminants, precipitation, solar radiation, high and low temperatures on it.

Why does color change occur when exposed to the sun?

Sunlight is a stream of particles, each of which has some energy. When the particle reaches the surface of the product, its energy is absorbed by the paint molecule. This process excites electrons in the molecule, which, passing to another energy state, break the established chemical bonds and molecular chains, as a result of which the paint pigments are destroyed. Accordingly, the color of the coating changes, it becomes lighter or darker, loses its brightness and saturation.

Similar processes in the material are also observed when its surface is exposed to other factors - abrasive substances, atmospheric precipitation, etc.

The ability of a material to retain its color when exposed to light is determined using appropriate laboratory equipment, an example of which are those developed by Atlas MTS. Such devices are widely used in the textile industry, the production of automobiles, building materials, paint coatings and other products.

The speed of the process of fading of paint or fading of textiles is determined by many factors, the main of which are the intensity of light and the time of its exposure to the object. Atlas MTS state-of-the-art lightfastness and colorfastness testers allow you to adjust these parameters, determining the properties of materials under various environmental conditions and predicting the quality of manufactured products with a high degree of reliability.