What is the difference between black elderberry and wolfberry. Wolfberry poisonous: description, application

Wolf fruits are called fruits of different plants: privet, wolf's bast, dereza and even goji. What does a wolfberry look like, which can be dangerous to humans? What forest fruits should be extremely careful?

In the photo there is a wolfberry (dereza)

What kind of berry is called wolfberry?

The commercial name for goji berries is wolfberry. Translated from English - wolfberry. However, Chinese fruits for weight loss have nothing to do with a plant that is found in the forests of the North and central Russia, in Ukraine, Moldova and the Caucasus. Enterprising sellers often give out the fruits of privet, common nightshade, wolf's bast for expensive imported goji.

Wolfberry, the photo of which reflects its external features, is a fruit with a red or black glossy color. It forms on a shrub with narrow oblong leaves, forms from a flower, pours during the summer and matures by autumn. At this time, the branches are studded with large bright beads and look especially impressive. Due to this property, privet, for example, is planted in gardens for decorative purposes.

In spring, a bush up to 5 meters blooms with beautiful tassels, like lilacs. And in the fall, shiny purple fruits appear in place of the inflorescences.

On common nightshade, wolf's bast, black fruits with a glossy sheen are formed. They are very dangerous, contain deadly poison for humans and animals. They should not be used for food or medical purposes.

Wolfberry: harm and benefits of fruits

Wolfberry, common in our forests, is an extremely poisonous plant. Birds and animals avoid it. The name is associated with her ability to bring evil, and not with the preferences of predators. The poison of common nightshade, wolf's bast, privet, bearing the name of wolfberry, is strong and fast-acting.

However, black or bright red fruits can be beneficial to humans.

1. In China, they make a special tincture used for eye diseases.

2. There are medical preparations where the poison of berries is present in scanty doses and, in combination with other components, plays a positive role in the improvement of a person.

3. Experienced gardeners use them to prepare poisonous compounds in the fight against pests in the beds.

4. Chinese goji berries and wolfberry can be consumed without fear for your health in order to lose weight and increase the stability of the immune system.

Wolfberries are the collective name for inedible and poisonous fruits that grow in the forest. You have to be careful with them. When walking through the forest, you need to bypass the bushes.

Lyko is a shrub plant that in the wild does not exceed a height of 1 m, but under favorable conditions the bush can reach 2.5 m. In spring, pink flowers form on bare branches, which are located in the axils of the leaves. Most often, this plant can be found in shaded places on the edge of the forest.

What does a wolf's bast look like

The wolf's bast shrub is a low plant about 1 m high, in the autumn and spring, the shoots of the shrub are painted gray-brown, in some cases the color of the bark can be yellowish-gray. As a rule, young shoots are formed in the spring of the plant, which have a more grayish color of the bark and, in addition, many young shoots can be covered with brownish spots. But, at the same time, this plant is slightly branched and occupies a fairly compact area. The leaves are attached to the shoots with short petioles, elongated ovoid, sometimes they can be narrower, somewhat reminiscent of a lancet. When flowers form in the axils of the leaves (usually flowering in central Russia begins in April-May) in the southern regions of Russia, flowering may begin earlier. Flowers are collected in bunches and most often have a pinkish tint, less often white.

After flowering, fruits appear:

• Oval shape;
• reddish color;
• Outwardly looking appetizing and juicy.

This plant can be found in floodplain forests near the banks of reservoirs, as well as on the edges of the forest. Prefers soils rich in nutrients, this plant is distributed throughout almost all of Europe and Asia Minor.

The berries are usually close to each other and tightly wrap around the branch. But in no case should they be eaten, since they are poisonous, only 10–12 berries are enough to get fatal poisoning.

There are more than 50 species of this plant species, there are evergreen plants, there are semi-deciduous plants that grow mainly in warm regions not only in Russia, but also in warm regions of other countries. There are species that tolerate the harsh climate well, such plants can grow in more northern areas, and in the mountains.

What color are the berries of the wolf's bast and what is the plant

Wolf's bast is a poisonous plant, but, nevertheless, very beautiful, especially in spring, when flowering begins. The peculiarity of the wolf's bast is that at first beautiful flowers appear on it (reminiscent of something of the colors of lilac), the shoots of this plant during the flowering period are covered with pinkish-white flowers.

With a sufficiently long stay near the plant, the smell from the flowers can provoke a headache.

The flowers of this plant are collected in bunches, which are somewhat reminiscent of nests (to see this, it is best to look at the pictures). At the same time, the flowers of some species of this plant exude a delicate aroma. But at the same time, it is worth coming closer to enjoy its smell, as a pleasant smell will abruptly change to a less pleasant one.

The plant itself

1. Represents a bush.
2. In wild growing conditions, it rarely exceeds a height of 1-1.5 m.
3. If the plant is grown for decorative purposes, then the height of the bushes with appropriate care can reach a height of up to 2 m.

The plant grows best in more acidic and damp soils rich in nutrients. In principle, they are grown on almost any soil, but sufficient moisture and top dressing is important, and then the plants will delight a person with their beautiful flowers for many years. To verify this, you can see the data of a flowering plant, how it looks, what color, and whether it is worth growing in your area.

What is lyko

After the flowering period, narrow leaves appear at the wolfberry, which are attached to the main shoots with a short handle. Closer to autumn, berries appear that look very beautiful, bright, shiny red, but, despite their beauty, deadly poisonous.

It is important when caring for wolf cub to use protective equipment so as not to get burns from this plant, first of all, the skin.

Such plants, because of the beauty of flowers, some people grow in their gardens and summer cottages, but you should be careful with this, as it is poisonous. For example, it is worth applying the skin to the bark of a bush, as you can get irritation, and in some cases a burn. This plant has many other names, for example, wolfberry, daphne and others.

All parts of the plant are considered completely poisonous:

• Berries;
• And also the leaves;
• Bark;
• Flower;
• And even root.

But, despite its toxicity, the components of this plant are widely used, primarily in traditional medicine. The healing properties of this plant have been known since ancient times. In order for parts of this plant to be beneficial in the treatment of any ailments, it is necessary to take microdoses of preparations made on its basis, under the supervision of a specialist. Properly prepared plant parts are used as an analgesic, used in the treatment of rheumatism, neurological pain. In some cases, parts of this plant are used in the treatment of epilepsy and even oncology.

Is the wolf's bast plant poisonous

The use of part of the plants as a medicine is allowed only after agreement with the doctor, since even a slight deviation or excess of the recommended dose can lead to a negative result instead of improving health. The use of drugs for the treatment of children is allowed, both inside and outside, but only after the necessary tests and the permission of the doctor and under his control.

If you use a more powerful dose than recommended, you may experience:

• Stomach ache;
• convulsions;
• Burning in the mouth;
• Skin problems, etc.

The plant itself is completely poisonous, despite the outwardly pleasant and beautiful appearance, each part can cause problems with the skin, gastrointestinal tract, headaches, drowsiness, or vice versa, short excitement, fever, etc. can be observed.

In addition to the medicinal properties of this plant, it also brings other benefits, since it blooms early enough, the very first bees begin collecting future honey from these flowers. When infused with bark and berries, in some cases, the substances contained in them will allow the composition to be used as an external remedy, for example, for rheumatism.

Poisonous plant wolf bast: description (video)

Such a description of this type of plant will allow a person to protect himself from the negative effects on his body. But, at the same time, with proper use, on the contrary, it can be beneficial. As for positive emotions, this plant allows you to enjoy beautiful flowers in early spring, moreover, even when the grass has not really grown, and there are no other flowers.

Wolf's bast (wolf berry, wolfberry, wolf, daphne, Daphne) - an evergreen semi-deciduous or deciduous shrub from the Timeleev family ( Thymelaeaceae). IN kind daphne about 50-95 species growing in Europe, Asia and North America In nature wolf's bast grows in forests, lowlands and highlands. Wolfmen those originating from mountainous areas are usually deciduous and more frost-resistant, while those that live in the lowlands are evergreen and more thermophilic. In Russia wolf's bast refers to endangered plants, all of its species are listed in the Red Book.

Wolfberry- one of the earliest flowering shrubs, some species bloom literally "from under the snow." In winter (in warmer regions) or early spring (in central Russia) wolf's bast covered with a cloud of delicate and unusually fragrant flowers, which are white, cream, pink, purple and crimson. wolfberry flowers bisexual tubular star-shaped with four petals. After the end of flowering wolf's bark bright berries are formed. Due to the fact that the flowering of some species wolfberry falls at the very beginning of the season, when the activity of pollinating insects is still relatively low, on some shrubs there are very few berries.

Bark wolf's bark very tough and durable. Bast, ropes, ropes and paper were produced from it ( Daphne mezereum, Daphne bholua). It is to this property that the plant owes its name.

Wolf bast (Daphne): planting, care, reproduction

Majority wolves prefers moist, permeable soils with plenty of humus, partially protected location and partial shade. Some species can tolerate both full shade and open space ( Daphne bholua), but will not tolerate prolonged overheating of the roots. During hot periods of the year wolfberry watering required.

wolf grow up slow and do not need pruning. They also really dislike having their roots disturbed. Therefore, adult transplantation should be avoided whenever possible. wolfberry bushes, and young ones should be transplanted once, with a clod of earth, immediately to a permanent place. propagate wolves green or semi-woody cuttings in summer, grafting in cool periods of the year, root suckers in spring or seeds. Kinds Daphne, giving many root processes, can be propagated with their help, trying not to disturb the root system of the mother plant.

wolves occasionally affected by viruses, gray mold and aphids.

Daphne (wolf's bast) in garden design

wolf looks great in natural forest gardens among other trees and shrubs: due to their low height, they are well suited for the front edge of a shrub border. Walking along the path past the blooming wolf's bark, you can feel its exquisite aroma. Due to its compactness, daphne are of particular interest to small gardens. Can be grown wolf's bast and as an informal fence.

traditional neighbors wolfberry in the garden are rhododendron, azalea, camellia, magnolia, mahonia, witch hazel and other early-flowering and shade-tolerant shrubs and trees. Not far from daphne traditional spring bulbs and primroses can be successfully grown.

All parts wolf's bark poisonous! Juice in contact with skin plants causes serious irritation, and if ingested - food poisoning, up to death. Special care must be taken by those who have children. In this case wolf's berries it is better to cut off immediately after their formation, until they have acquired a bright red color that is attractive to children.

Types and varieties of wolfberry in horticultural culture

Wolfberry ordinary deadly, wolf's bast (Daphne mezereum)- compact (up to 1 m in height) forest shrub, widely distributed in Eurasia, the Moscow Region and the Middle Strip. Mass flowering occurs on new shoots before the opening of the first leaves. The flowers are white (in the form alba), cream or lilac-pink, red berries. Frost resistance: from climatic zone 4.

- one of the most valuable species in culture due to early flowering. It comes from East Asia and the Himalayas. Upright plant up to 2.5 m. Winter hardiness limit - zone 6. Varieties: Darjeeling(earliest flowering) Alba, Peter Smithers, Jacqueline Postill, Glacialis Ghurka.

Fragrant wolf (Daphne odora)- lush shrub up to 1.5 m, originating from China. The flowers are white, with dark pink tips, very fragrant. There is a two-color and very cold-resistant form Aureomarginata, the dark green leaves of which are decorated with a narrow uneven yellowish border around the edge (see photo).

Tangut wolf (Daphne tangutica)- medium-sized (up to 1 m) evergreen spherical shrub with narrow dark green leaves up to 8 cm in length. The flowers are fragrant, light pink inside and pink-lilac outside, located at the ends of the shoots, the berries are red. Blooms in late spring - early summer. Within the species there is a group of dwarf evergreen shrubs with large red berries. Retusa(sometimes plants are called that, Daphne retusa ). Frost resistance limit: zone 7.

Wolf x Berkwood (Daphne x burkwoodii)- compact semi-deciduous shrub, up to 1 m high and wide, with small pink-lilac flowers in late spring. Cold resistance - from zone 4.

wolf x neopolitan (Daphne x napolitana)- compact heat-loving evergreen shrub, up to 75 cm high. Cold resistance limit: zone 7.

Wolf wolf (Daphne cneorum)- a small (up to 50 cm in height) evergreen ground cover shrub with narrow oblong leaves and bright pink flowers at the ends of the shoots.

Bay wolf (Daphne laureola)- a rare species originating from the Mediterranean, characterized by high shade tolerance.

Dapne patraea with large color Grandiflora.

Daphne x transatlantica "Blafra"- with fragrant flowers that appear on the plant throughout the summer

In fact, the name does not mean that wolf berries serve as food for wolves. Just a wolf - the embodiment of evil, meanness and death, so they began to call all poisonous plants that can kill with their berries.

At the same time, the appearance of plants and even the color of the berries do not say anything, some of them have red, black or even white fruits, some have berries, and some have drupes. There is only one thing in common: eating leads to poisoning or discomfort.

What does a wolfberry look like

In general, there are actually no wolfberries as a taxonomy or plant species.. The people call this name the following poisonous and not very plants:

• (not poisonous);
• belladonna (medicinal plant and poison);
• wolfberry (wolf bast) (poison);
• raven eye (poison);
• real honeysuckle (not poisonous);
• brittle buckthorn (fruits cause vomiting);
• snowberry (fruits cause weakness, dizziness and vomiting);
• red elderberry (not edible - bitter);
• and a number of other herbs and plants

Poisonous wolfberry plants in the photo

Wolfberry: photo of all plants under this name

(go to gallery by clicking on any picture)

Wolfberry - wolf bast

It should be noted that most often in Russia, under this name, a wolf's bast is hidden, the berries of which, like the whole plant, are extremely poisonous. I think we need to introduce you to him a little closer.

Wolf berries are a shrub no higher than 60-120 cm, blooming in early spring before the leaves bloom. Its upright branches are covered with foam of purple flowers even before the forest turns green. The flowers grow from the axils of last year's leaves, densely, covering the branches a little less than completely, melliferous and fragrant. They may be pinkish or even white.

Despite all the attractiveness of the plant, it is better to bypass it, it is poisonous all year round.

Later, dark green lanceolate leaves appear on the tops of the branches of this "tree" and along the entire length of the branches. The flowers fade, turning into drupes. By the end of July - beginning of August, the entire shrub is showered with bright red fruits the size of a cherry seed.

The whole plant is very poisonous, and especially its fruits, containing burning juice. It is with them that wolf berries are dangerous. Symptoms of poisoning when consuming wolf bast berries inside appear almost immediately. At first it is a burning sensation in the mouth, then nausea, vomiting and even convulsions join. If the person survives, he will suffer from hemorrhagic enteritis for several days. Repeated loose stools with an admixture of blood leads to dehydration, a serious indigestion. There are no specific antidotes.

Poisoning is most often received by children and obese lazy ladies who decide to look for goji berries in local forests and so do not spend money on a Chinese wolfberry. Fortunately, the wolf's bast grows throughout Russia from the Arctic to the Far East.

Sometimes inexperienced forest lovers confuse the wolfberry with the crow's eye, calling it the wolf's eye. The raven eye berry is significantly different in appearance, it is a small herbaceous plant with a single black berry in the center of the rosette of leaves. However, this does not make the raven eye less poisonous, this plant must also be avoided.

Wolfberry also has useful properties, it is used in folk medicine and homeopathy, garden plots are decorated with it. But in medicine it is forbidden to use it.

Do you know why the wolfberry got the name wolf's bast? The bark of the shrub is incredibly flexible and durable. Women's hats are even woven from it ....

For modern residents of the metropolis, a walk through the forest is an incomparable rest and joy. Fresh air, astringent smell of sun-warmed leaves creates a special mood, restores energy and vitality.

And it’s also so interesting to arrange a “silent hunt” for mushrooms and berries! With mushrooms, everything is more or less clear: we are regularly informed and reminded of dangerous species. But with berries it is more difficult. They all seem harmless, and at first glance it is very difficult to distinguish poisonous berries. Therefore, very often in the summer you can read in the news about poisoning with compote from or severe intestinal disorders after eating fresh.

Let's see what poisonous and inedible berries are in our lane.

Wolfberry (wolfberry)

This is a low shrub that blooms with white or light pink flowers, similar to lilacs. The fruits appear directly on the stem, ripen in July. Outwardly, the wolfberry is very attractive: bright red, shiny, juicy. Children are drawn to try these beautiful fruits. This is not difficult, because the shrub is grown as an ornamental plant around houses, in city parks and gardens.

However, the wolfberry is entirely poisonous - both the leaves, the bark, and the fruits are dangerous because they contain the toxic substance daphne. If you touch the bark or rub the leaves, red, itchy spots and blisters can appear on the skin. In more severe injuries, necrosis of individual skin areas occurs.

Wolfberry also leads to severe food poisoning - for this it is enough to eat only a dozen fruits. There is a strong secretion of saliva, pain in the stomach, vomiting and convulsions, a high temperature rises. The work of the intestines and kidneys is disturbed. Recovery, even with timely assistance, takes a long time.

Belladonna

This is a beautiful shrub with dark green leaves that blooms with solitary large purple or purple flowers. The fruits are black, slightly flattened, similar in size and shape to small cherries. The taste is sweet and juicy.

Belladonna berries rank first in terms of toxicity, since they contain three types of poison at once: atropine, scopolamine and hyoscyamine. Even a small amount of fruit can lead to a slow and painful death.

Snowberry

This is an ornamental, extremely frost-resistant plant. It blooms all summer with pink elegant inflorescences, and in September-October it begins to bear fruit with white juicy balls about a centimeter in diameter. Berries adorn the shrub for a very long time - until the middle of winter.

The fruits of the snowberry are highly poisonous and can be fatal.

Buckthorn (magpie berries)

This shrub blooms with small greenish-white flowers, in place of which small berries then appear. Unripe fruits are light red, while mature fruits are black. The use of buckthorn berries is not fatal, but leads to quite severe nausea and vomiting.

raven eye

The low bushes of this plant are found only in the forest, they can be confused with blueberries or blueberries. But it is not difficult to distinguish: the berry grows singly, in the middle of a four-leaf corolla it has a very unpleasant odor. One or two berries are not very dangerous, but a larger amount can lead to vomiting and diarrhea.

And buckthorn, and affect only the gastrointestinal tract. The well-known honeysuckle also belongs to such toxic, but non-lethal berries.

Adults, as a rule, are careful not to try unfamiliar wild specimens. But children can be tempted by beautiful multi-colored fruits.

What to do if the child managed to taste poisonous berries?

First, you need to induce vomiting as soon as possible. Before that, let the child drink a little weak to oxidize in the stomach.

After the stomach has cleared, it is necessary to drink the child with a mixture of crushed activated carbon and water.

If possible, you need to do an enema to clean the intestines.

If there is inflammation on the skin, then wash the damaged areas with a solution of potassium permanganate.

After providing first aid, be sure to go to the hospital.