Diseases and pests on greenhouse cucumbers. The main pests of cucumbers and their control

To get a high yield of cucumbers, you need to know what diseases and pests threaten this vegetable. Proper prevention, recognition of symptoms of infections at an early stage - all this will prevent the invasion of insects on the ridges, avoid epidemics, and hence the death of plants.

In cucumbers cultivated in open and closed ground, there are three types of infections:

  • fungal;
  • bacterial;
  • viral.

Some affect plants in the ridges, others in greenhouses, and others appear everywhere.

powdery mildew

Of the fungal infections, powdery mildew is common. It is more common in shelters (greenhouses, greenhouses, tunnels), but does not ignore cucumbers in the beds. Whitish spots similar to flour appear on the leaf blades, hence the name of the infection.

The plaque first appears on the underside, then the spots cover the top of the sheets. Gradually mealy secretions "capture" the entire area of ​​the leaves, the surface darkens, the leaves curl. Zelentsy are not affected, but the general condition of the plant worsens, growth stops. Cucumbers turn yellow and wither.

Causes of the disease

  1. Wrong care.
  2. Too much nitrogen in the soil.
  3. Irregular watering.
  4. Irrigation with cold water.
  5. Temperature fluctuations.
  6. Non-observance of crop rotation.

Spores are stored in plant debris, on weeds near the ridges.

Treatment

When the first signs of the disease appear on cucumbers, it is necessary to promptly treat the plants with special compounds. From folk remedies are effective:

  1. A solution of water and sour milk. To obtain, take an equal amount of products (for example, a liter of milk and a liter of water), mix thoroughly, filter. Plants are sprayed with the resulting composition.
  2. Mullein infusion. Mullein (1 kg) is stirred in three liters of water, insisted for 2-3 days. Then water (3 liters) is added to the composition, mixed and sprayed with cucumbers.

Of the chemicals used:

  1. HOM (contains copper oxychloride). 40 grams of powder are diluted in a bucket of water, sprayed according to the norm: per 10 square meters. meters - a liter of composition.
  2. A solution of copper sulfate (5%). Spraying bushes.
  3. The drug Karatan. For the solution, you need to dissolve 10 grams of powder in a bucket of warm water. Then the plants are sprayed.

Prevention

To prevent powdery mildew from appearing on cucumbers, follow simple recommendations:

  • do not allow a sharp increase or decrease in temperature indicators in shelters;
  • weed the beds;
  • remove all plant debris from the site;
  • alternate planting vegetables in the garden;

On a note!

Cucumbers are returned to their original place no earlier than after 3-4 years

  • use warm settled water for irrigation;
  • cultivars and hybrids resistant to infection are planted.

Downy mildew (downy mildew)

With false mealy, yellowish spots appear on the leaf plates, from below - a gray-purple bloom. After some time, the spots grow in size, darken, acquire a brown color. The leaves swell, become brittle, crumble, fall off. Plant stems are exposed.

The infection does not affect the fruits, but due to the disease, the number of ovaries decreases, and the taste of ripe cucumbers worsens.

Causes of the disease

  1. Changes in day and night temperatures.
  2. The presence of condensation on the film or polycarbonate of the greenhouse.
  3. Irrigation with cold water.
  4. High humidity.
  5. Cold dew, fog (for open ground plants).

Peronosporosis appears from mid-summer, but in cloudy weather it occurs earlier. Without prompt measures, the disease covers plantings in the shortest possible time.

Treatment

  1. Treatment of plants with preparations Ridomil, Ordan, Planriz (used according to instructions).
  2. Spraying with Bordeaux liquid.

  1. Milk-iodine solution. You will need to stir a liter of milk or whey in water (9 liters), add 8-10 drops of iodine (5%). Spray plants.
  2. Ash tea. For three liters of boiling water, take 0.5 liters of ash, mix, cool. Then add up to 10 liters of water, process the leaves with the finished composition.
  3. A decoction of garlic cloves. Pour 70-80 grams of finely chopped garlic into a bucket of hot water, mix. Cool and sprinkle cucumbers.

Processing is carried out in calm weather. The listed compositions are suitable for the prevention of the disease.

Prevention

Preventing disease is easier than treating plants. Prevention measures:

  • seed treatment before planting (preparations Fitosporin-M, Gamair, potassium permanganate);
  • selection of hybrids and varieties resistant to downy mildew;
  • observing the distances between plants when planting;
  • watering with warm water.

Anthracnose (copperwort)

Yellow-brown spots on the leaves, and then on other parts of the plants, are the first symptoms of copperhead (anthracnose). Gradually, the leaves dry, weeping spots appear on the greens, a pinkish bloom. The spots “spread” all over the bush, the fruits shrivel, then the infection gets to the roots and the plant dies.

Reasons for the appearance

  1. Wet weather.
  2. Temperature changes.
  3. Watering with cold water, irregular watering.
  4. Use for sowing infected seeds.

Treatment

As soon as the first manifestations of anthracnose are noticed, they immediately begin to spray the cucumber bushes.

  • Bordeaux mixture (once a week).
  • Suspension of bleach. Prepare the solution in advance, process every 10 days. Take 40 grams of lime per bucket of water.

Spray the plants a few days before harvesting, keeping the deadlines.

  • After treatments, the affected areas on cucumbers are sprinkled with charcoal.

Alternariosis

The infection more often affects cucumbers growing in film greenhouses, although open ground plants are also not protected from the disease.

The first signs are the appearance of microscopic convex brown spots on the leaves. Then they grow, the leaves become covered with spores, gradually die off.

Reasons for the appearance

Hot weather, high air humidity, sprinkling of plants - all these factors contribute to the creation of favorable conditions for pathogenic fungi.

Treatment

At the first signs of infection, plants should be immediately treated with drugs:

  1. Bravo;
  2. Polyram;
  3. Quadris.

A good effect is obtained by treatment with Bordeaux mixture (1%), copper oxychloride (0.3%).

Prevention

  • Alternate planting of pumpkin crops on the site, returning cucumbers to their original place no earlier than after 2-3 years.
  • Greenhouse disinfection.
  • Replacement of topsoil in shelters.

Ascochyta (black rot of cucumber)

A fungal infection manifests itself during the return of fruits, but it happens that it also appears in the first half of the growing season. The stem is covered with gray spots, then the spots turn white, covering a large area. Cucumber leaves turn yellow at the edges, then the border becomes brown, the process of drying tissues is noticeable.

Greens on affected plants look wilted, although their skin remains hard. With a strong lesion, weeping ulcers appear on the surface of the fruit, the skin turns white, a brown coating forms and the cucumber either mummifies or turns black and rots.

Black rot is dangerous because it affects large planting areas in a short time, while treatment in the midst of an epidemic is ineffective. The way out is to take preventive measures to prevent the disease.

Causes of diseases

  1. Weak plants.
  2. High air humidity.
  3. Condensed landings.

In plants in the beds, ascochitosis is less common, usually the disease affects cucumbers in shelters.

Treatment

There are no radical methods of treatment with black rot of cucumbers. To contain the spread of infection allows the use of the following compounds:

  1. A weak solution of copper sulfate (take 5 grams of the drug per bucket).
  2. Bordeaux mixture.
  3. Copper chloride (0.3% solution).

Cucumbers are sprayed 3-4 times every 8-10 days.

It helps to dust the affected stems with a mixture of copper sulfate and chalk (1: 1).

Prevention

By organizing the right care, even in the presence of an infection, you can get a good harvest.

  • Avoid sudden temperature fluctuations.
  • Disinfect the greenhouse annually (aqueous 5% formalin solution is recommended);
  • Use for watering warm water.
  • Selection of varieties of cucumbers from reliable and proven manufacturers.
  • Mandatory disinfection of seeds before planting.

cucumber mosaic

Among the viral diseases of cucumbers, various types of mosaics are common. There is no effective means of combating these infections, so prevention measures will need to be learned.

Viruses cause disease, while there are varieties of pathogens, which means different types of disease. Viruses have a destructive effect on plant tissues, due to which chloroplasts are disrupted. Leaves, stems, shoots dry and die.

Mosaic types:

  • speckled;
  • ordinary;
  • white.

Signs of an ordinary mosaic are:

  • the appearance on the leaf blades of mosaic yellowish or light green spots;
  • crushing leaves;
  • reduction in the number of ovaries;
  • short internodes.

White mosaic is manifested by the appearance of star-shaped or annular spots on the leaves, speckled green - by light veins, shortened greens. The fruits on the affected plants are deformed, the taste deteriorates, the seeds are not developed. At the stages of severe virus damage, greens are covered with black spots.

Prevention

  1. Use of uninfected seeds.
  2. Destruction of insect pests that are carriers of infections.
  3. Spraying plants with whey solutions (a liter of milk or fermented milk product is taken per bucket of water), iodine solution.

Bacteriosis (Angular spotting)

A common disease of cucumbers in greenhouses is angular or angular spotting that occurs in conditions of high humidity. On all parts of the plant, but especially on the leaf plates, yellowish oily spots appear. At the initial stage, their number is small, then there is an increase. The leaf, stems, cotyledons, fruits are covered with spots that dry out and fall off along with the tissues.

In the last stages of the disease with necrotic spots, cucumbers can no longer be saved.

The disease manifests itself throughout the growing season. When affected by bacteriosis, yield losses are up to 50%. Ripe cucumbers are not suitable for food.

Reasons for the appearance

  1. Change of hot and cold weather.
  2. High humidity.
  3. Condensed landings.

Treatment

  1. Treatment of plants with Bordeaux liquid (at the first signs of bacteriosis).
  2. Spraying with Fitolavin (prepare a 0.2% solution according to the instructions).

Prevention

When cultivating cucumbers, all the rules of agricultural technology are observed:

  • seeds of healthy plants are used for planting (with independent harvesting of seed material);
  • be sure to disinfect the greenhouse (frames, racks) before the season or after harvesting, whitewash the wooden elements with lime;
  • ventilate shelters, preventing excess of humidity (over 70%) and temperature (over 25-27 degrees);
  • choose varieties resistant to bacteriosis.

Cladosporiosis

In the people, this infection is often called olive spotting, since brown spots appear on the fruits of plants, on the stem, shoots and leaves. Conidia spores form on all parts of the plant. The disease is caused by pathogenic fungi.

Causes

  1. Increased humidity.
  2. Improper watering (using cold water, sprinkling plants).
  3. Temperature changes.

Treatment

Treatment with fungicidal preparations on dry leaves. The following compositions are suitable:

  • Topaz;
  • Vectra;
  • Fitosporin-M.

Viral diseases are difficult to treat, so it is advisable to take preventive measures.

Prevention

  1. Collection of plant residues
  2. Change of planting cucumbers (each year the plants are planted in other places).
  3. The use of disease-resistant varieties and cucumber hybrids.
  4. Seed dressing before sowing.

Sclerotinia (white rot)

The sclerotia fungus infects all parts of cucumber plants. Initially, moist spots appear on them, then growths with a white coating. After this, mucus is formed, the plant rots and dies.

When an infection occurs in greenhouses at the height of fruiting, the greens are deformed, rot, and are unsuitable for food.

Treatment

Use drugs:

  • Oksikhom;
  • Topaz.

With severe lesions of sclerotium, plants cannot be saved. They are removed from the garden and destroyed.

Prevention

  1. Compliance with the distance between the bushes when planting plants.
  2. Garden cleaning after harvest.
  3. Soil disinfection in greenhouses (potassium permanganate solution).

Gray rot

A dangerous disease of cucumbers that affects all parts of healthy plants. Recognizing the infection is simple: brown spots with mucus appear on the stems, shoots when broken. An unpleasant putrefactive odor emanates from the plantings.

Reasons for the appearance

  1. Changes in day and night temperatures.
  2. Failure to observe distances when planting cucumbers.
  3. Irrigation with cold water.
  4. Poor ventilation in the greenhouse.

Treatment

Application of fungicides:

  • Byleton;
  • Barrier.

Prevention

  1. Rationing of water during irrigation.
  2. Alternating landings on the site.
  3. Disinfection of the soil in the greenhouse in spring.

root rot

With this disease, the roots of plants are affected, but the first signs are noticeable on the stem: in the lower part it becomes thinner, changes color from green to yellow, brown, dries up. When extracting such a plant from the soil, brown spots on the roots, damage to the root collar are visible.

Without surgical treatment, cucumbers wither, dry, the leaves die off, the stem darkens and turns into dust.

Reasons for the appearance

  1. Too much nitrogen fertilizer in the soil.
  2. Deep planting seedlings in the ground.
  3. Irrigation with cold water.
  4. Constant planting of cucumbers on the same ridges.

Treatment

With severe lesions, plants are carefully removed from the soil and burned. With a small lesion, the stems are treated with a mixture of copper sulfate (a teaspoon) and ash (three glasses).

Prevention

  1. Annual change of planting cucumbers on the site.
  2. Seed treatment before planting.
  3. Selection of varieties resistant to rot.
  4. Watering with warm water and only under the root.

Verticillosis

A dangerous infection that harms cucumber plantings in greenhouses, in beds. Signs - the appearance of curling leaves from below, which are simultaneously covered with yellowish and brown spots.

Reasons for the appearance

Favorable conditions for the appearance of verticillium are high, over 25 degrees, temperature and humidity over 60%.

This leads to:

  • hot weather;
  • excessive watering without ventilation of greenhouses;
  • watering with cold water;
  • dense landings.

Treatment

With a severe defeat of cucumbers, no drugs will help, so diseased plants are removed from the garden and destroyed. In the early stages, it is recommended to treat plants with preparations:

  • Fundazol;
  • Previcour;
  • Vitaros.

Prevention

  1. Soil disinfection with potassium permanganate before planting crops.
  2. Sowing green manure.
  3. Use for sowing only healthy seed material.
  4. Compliance with the rules of care: watering with warm water, regular weeding, cleaning plant residues.

Fusarium

The disease is caused by the fungus Fusarium, the spores of which penetrate the stems and shoots of cucumbers through the root system, damaged leaves. In the early stages, Fusarium is determined by the withering of the upper leaves of plants. This happens during the day, at night the leaf blades are restored.

With the development of the disease, in subsequent stages, the leaves turn yellow, dry out. Whips of cucumbers dry, plants stop growing, die. Most often, Fusarium occurs during flowering and fruiting. The infection is typical for cucumbers growing in greenhouses; in the beds, plants are affected to a lesser extent.

Reasons for the appearance

  1. Infected soil.
  2. Watering plants with water containing fungus spores.
  3. Irregular and unbalanced feeding.
  4. High soil acidity.

Treatment

Of the chemical preparations, the preparations showed themselves excellently in the fight against fusarium:

  • Fundazol;
  • Quadris (better used in the early stages of the disease);
  • Previkur.

Effective folk remedies:

  • Whey solution - dilute 3-4 liters of product in a bucket of water, spray cucumbers

Prevention

  • Properly prepare the beds before planting cucumbers: disinfect (potassium permanganate), pre-plant green manure (phacelia, mustard), spill with boiling water.
  • Weeding beds, removing all plant residues.
  • Irrigation of bushes under the root, in the grooves, between rows, with control of the level of soil moisture.

Cucumber pests

Reduced yields and death of plants are caused by numerous pests. They are especially dangerous for cucumbers growing in shelters, the favorable microclimate of which is suitable for both plants and insects.

melon aphid

A microscopic insect of dark green or black color, the length of which does not exceed 2 mm, settles in colonies. Appears from mid-summer, on the underside of leaf blades and lashes of plants.

It feeds on plant sap, which causes the leaves and stems to initially wither, shrivel, then dry and die.

In the garden, the insect appears thanks to ants, as well as from weeds. Insects secrete honeydew, a sweet honey liquid that ants feed on. Therefore, simultaneously with melon aphids, ants living in the beds are destroyed.

On a note!

Aphids are not only a pest, but also a carrier of dangerous diseases of garden crops.

Control measures

Folk remedies against melon aphids are non-toxic, not dangerous to human health.

  1. Infusion of celandine. Dry grass of celandine (300 grams) is poured with boiling water (3 liters), infused for 2-3 hours. Top up to the volume of a full bucket with hot water, insist another 2 days. Strain and process cucumbers.
  2. Finely chopped garlic is poured with hot water (they take the same amount), sealed with a lid, insisted for 8-10 days. Then 30 ml of infusion is diluted in a bucket, leaves affected by aphids are sprayed.
  3. In a bucket of hot water insist 0.5 kg of green leaves and dandelion stems. Time - 3-4 hours. Then the infusion is filtered and the plantings are sprayed.

Effective biological products, including:

  • Arrow;
  • Aktofit;
  • Fitoverm.

Apply funds according to the instructions.

Among the chemical preparations for combating melon aphids use:

  1. Special solution of superphosphate and calcium chloride. A bucket of water will require 20 grams of superphosphate, 10 grams of calcium. Treat affected parts of plants.
  2. Inta-Vir.
  3. Kinmiks.
  4. Decis.

Prevention

To repel aphids, it is shown to plant plants with a strong odor near cucumbers:

  • marigold;
  • sagebrush;
  • mint.

Water cucumbers with water not lower than + 23ºC, reduce the amount of watering in cool weather. Be sure to inspect the plantings in order to notice all the changes on the plants in time and detect uninvited guests.

spider mite

It is difficult to detect a dangerous pest of cucumbers on a plant, since its size does not exceed 1 mm. Females lay tens of hundreds of eggs, so the insect reproduces quickly. In a favorable summer season, up to 18-20 generations of ticks are born.

The tick feeds on the sap of the plant, moving from leaves to stems, side shoots, and fruits. A web appears on the affected areas, which facilitates the movement of the insect, but at the same time complicates oxygen exchange and the process of photosynthesis. As a result, numerous white dots on the leaf plates grow, brown spots form, the leaves dry and die. The yield of cucumbers is reduced by 1.5-2 times.

Control measures

Chemical preparations help to quickly destroy the spider mite.

  • karbofos;
  • Iskra-BIO.
  • Fitoverm;
  • Actellik.

Folk remedies are used more for prevention, as well as for small amounts of insects. Effective:

  • a strong solution of laundry soap (200-300 grams of chips are taken per bucket of water);
  • infusion of onion peel (100 grams of peel are infused in a liter of hot water, then the bushes are sprayed);
  • tops of potatoes or tomatoes (a kilogram of tops is poured with a bucket of water, insisted).

Prevention

Preventive measures will help prevent the appearance of a harmful insect in the beds with cucumbers:

  1. Compliance with the alternation of plantings in the garden (it is recommended to change places in greenhouses cucumbers and tomatoes every year).
  2. Weeding beds.
  3. Soil loosening.
  4. Disinfection of soil in shelters (a strong solution of potassium permanganate is suitable) or replacement of the topsoil.

The spider mite appears on various garden crops, so it is recommended to regularly inspect all plantings.

greenhouse whitefly

A dangerous pest is the greenhouse whitefly, which is a miniature butterfly with whitish wings. Its dimensions are up to 2 mm, the female lays clutches of larvae, which then live on the underside of the leaves. Nymphs (larvae) do not exceed 0.7-0.8 mm in size, pale yellow, flat. Whiteflies feed on plant sap, which causes the stems and leaves to dry, wither and die.

On average, an adult insect lives for about a month, managing to lay dozens of eggs. With a strong defeat, whole colonies of larvae, clutches, as well as flocks of adults are noticeable on plants.

You can recognize the pest by whitish spots on the leaves, twisting of the plates, and a sluggish appearance of plants. The larvae secrete a sticky liquid that coats the underside of the leaves. Also, at a late stage, a black coating forms on the bottom of the leaves - the mycelium of the soot fungus. When such symptoms appear, cucumbers should be processed immediately.

Control measures

  • Aktar;
  • Monsoon;
  • Inta-Vir.

Plants are treated strictly following the instructions, observing the terms, doses and frequency of spraying. Each preparation has its own duration of protection (for example, Aktara protects cucumbers up to 28-30 days, Aktellik - up to 12 days), which must be taken into account when spraying.

Of the simplest methods - manual collection of larvae and butterflies, and then treating the affected areas with soapy water. Apply washing off the pest with water from hoses, gently directing the jet to the leaves and shoots of cucumbers.

Prevention

The following measures help reduce the likelihood of a pest:

  • regular weeding of ridges;
  • compliance with the regime of watering cucumbers;
  • removal of plant residues;
  • digging the soil of greenhouse beds, replacing the top layer;
  • bleach disinfection of structural elements of greenhouses, hotbeds.

sprout fly

One of the pests of cucumber plantings is the sprout fly, a tiny insect whose larvae gnaw out the sprouts of young plants. Of all garden crops, the fly prefers to lay eggs on cucumbers, this is especially dangerous for young bushes, which are still weak and immature.

Control measures

To destroy the fly, it is effective to use natural enemies - ground beetles, rider beetles. With a large accumulation of the pest, drugs are used:

  • Fufanon;
  • Karbofos.

Prevention

  1. Planting cucumbers on ridges and in shelters is not seeds, but seedlings.
  2. Use of high-quality manure for fertilizers.
  3. Removal of plant residues from the beds.
  4. Disinfection of the soil before planting, deep digging in the autumn.

Slugs

Considerable damage to plants is caused by slugs, invisible during the day, but activated at night. These representatives of the class of gastropods, at first glance, are harmless, but they spread pathogens of dangerous diseases throughout the plantings.

In addition, they leave waste products on the leaves, fruits, which spoils the appearance of cucumbers.

A large number of slugs are observed in the beds, where weeds grow next to vegetables, the amount of watering is not regulated.

Control measures

  1. Hand picking slugs.
  2. Treating the surface of the soil with fluff lime, metaldehyde, dusting with ash.

Prevention

If you follow the basic rules of care, there will be no problems with the appearance of pests. For this:

  • regularly weed the beds;
  • remove all plant debris;
  • strongly smelling herbs are planted nearby;
  • attract frogs and lizards to the garden;
  • in the spring they equip birdhouses, in winter they make feeders to attract a large number of useful birds in the summer.

cucumber mosquito

An insect from the sciarid family, small, from 3.5 to 4.5 mm in size, causing serious damage to greenhouse cucumbers. Mosquito females lay eggs in the top layer of soil, hatched larvae move to the roots and lower part of the stems of cucumbers, damaging them. As a result, the cucumber bush dries up, withers, stops growing. The basal part of the stems rots, after which the general rotting of the plant and death occurs.

Control measures

From adult insects, special sticky tapes that are hung in greenhouses are effective. Of the chemical insecticides are recommended:

  • Actellik;
  • Spark;
  • chlorophos;
  • Thiophos.

These toxic drugs are used according to the instructions, observing the timing of the processing of cucumbers. Usually, the root parts of the stems, the surface layer of soil around the plants are treated.

gall nematode

The pest is fertile, an adult female lays up to 800-900 eggs. Signs of damage - yellowing of the leaves, stunting. Finally, to make sure that the plantings are affected by the nematode will allow inspection of the roots of the plants. They show pear-shaped growths in which insect larvae develop.

Control measures

  1. Soil treatment with Fitoverm.
  2. Settling in greenhouses of special fungi.

The removal of the root-knot nematode is a complex and lengthy process, which is not always successful. Prevention is what will be the main thing in the fight against the pest:

  • rotation of crops in greenhouses;
  • deep digging of the soil (in autumn, spring) with the replacement of the top layer before planting;
  • sowing on ridges of bean green manure with subsequent planting of plants in the soil;
  • irrigation with clean water;
  • removal of plant residues during harvesting, as well as during weeding.

For soil treatment before planting cucumbers, special sulfur checkers are used, freezing of the soil in shelters, and heat treatment with steam is also recommended.

Medvedka

Unlike numerous pests that infect cucumbers and have a miniature size, the bear is a large insect (up to 7-8 cm), creating labyrinths of passages in the garden. Basically, the pest lives in warm regions, equipping its nests in humus or compost.

The pest is especially dangerous for root crops, but it also causes serious damage to cucumbers. She gnaws the roots of plants, destroys the fruits lying on the ground, eats useful earthworms.

It is possible to determine that an “enemy” has appeared on the site by dying young plants (drying and falling), passages of small diameter that have appeared in the soil, small mounds of earth in the beds.

Control measures

Biological preparations Boverin, Nemabakt, containing special bacteria, are effective against the bear. Getting on the larvae or on the body of an adult, microorganisms germinate in them and slowly destroy them.

Chemicals:

  • Grizzly - produced in granules, it is highly toxic;
  • Cuts - the granules fall asleep in the moves of the bear;
  • Medvetoks - is characterized by high toxicity, efficiency.

From folk remedies most often used:

  • soap solution - 60 grams of chips are diluted in a bucket of water and poured into the nests and holes of the bear;
  • eggshell - dried and crushed, lightly fried in a pan and added to the aisles or plant holes.

A common method is the arrangement of traps (dung, honey, beer), when insects attracted by the smell fall into a trap. Glass jars are usually used, digging under a slight slope into the ground. Lures are placed inside:

  • a small amount of beer;
  • a spoonful of honey;
  • vegetable oil.

Attracted by the smell, the bear climbs inside, but will no longer be able to get out of the trap.

Prevention

To scare away the bear in the garden next to the beds of cucumbers, marigolds, cilantro, parsley are planted, spruce branches are laid (the bear does not tolerate the smell of pine needles), and fish waste is buried in the holes when planting cucumbers.

Mulching the soil helps (the insect does not like the wet surface under the mulch), careful autumn digging of the beds. It is recommended to dose the application of manure, since eggs and larvae of the pest, as well as adults, are brought onto the ridges along with it.

thrips

A dangerous pest of cucumbers is thrips, which infects plants and also spreads viruses. It is a microscopic, up to 1-1.5 mm yellow insect with wings. Larvae of thrips are greenish in color, wings are absent.

For cucumbers, larvae, adults are dangerous, since they all feed on the juices of the plant. Silver spots, black dots (traces of thrips activity) are visible on the leaves of cucumbers, the plants themselves begin to dry and fade.

Control measures

Chemical preparations are used to destroy adults, since they do not act on egg laying. Well proven:
  • Aktar;
  • Vertimek;
  • Agravertin;
  • Spark.

A good result is the settlement of thrips enemies in a greenhouse with cucumbers: bugs of orius, macrolofus, as well as phytoseiidae mites.

Folk remedies:

  • infusion of garlic - chopped cloves, arrows of the plant are poured with hot water, then the plants are sprayed;
  • tincture of marigolds - take 50 grams of dry flowers per liter of water, bring to a boil, then stand for 2 days, filter and spray cucumbers.

wireworm

This is the name of the larvae of the well-known click beetle, reaching sizes of 4-5 mm. The appearance of an adult individual is preceded by a long period, up to 3-4 years, during which the wireworm feeds on the juice and tissues of garden crops.

In cucumbers, the pest gnaws through stems and lashes, sneaks inside. Over time, the plant withers and dies.

Control measures

The most effective way is to dig the ridges in spring and autumn, and manually collect the wireworm. Of the drugs used:

  • Calypso;
  • Diazinon;
  • Bazudin.

scoop

The reddish-brown-winged moth breeds voracious caterpillars that feed on plant tissue. The larvae gnaw holes in the greens, and the leaves are completely devoured, to the veins.

In the conditions of the middle zone and the northern regions, the scoop gives one generation of larvae, in the south - two generations. With a large damage to plantings by a pest, serious damage is caused to garden crops, so control measures should be comprehensive.

Control measures

Use drugs:

  • Agrovertin;
  • Fitoverm.
  • burdock infusion - a 10-liter bucket is stuffed with ½ burdock leaves, poured with water, insisted for two days, sprayed with plantings on the ridges;
  • infusion of wormwood - take 300-400 grams of dry grass in a bucket, insist for several hours and process the bushes;
  • infusion of potato tops - the cooking method is similar to the preparation of burdock infusion.

Traps are hung in the garden - small jars of water, where yeast, beer, sweet molasses are added. Butterflies, attracted by the smell, land on the water and drown.

cucumber beetles

One of the rarest crop pests, which is a small beetle of bright color with stripes on the back. They are rarely found on the territory of Russia, since the main area of ​​\u200b\u200bsettlement is the American continent.

Usually appears on cucumbers growing outdoors. The danger is represented by beetle larvae that feed on plant sap. Scourge, leaves, stems of cucumbers turn yellow, dry out and then die.

Control measures

Application of traditional insecticides (Inta-Vir, Iskra), manual collection of beetles. It is also recommended to disinfect the soil with a solution of potassium permanganate before planting.

Knowing the signs of diseases, plant damage by pests, as well as methods of treatment and control will allow you to win the "battle" for the harvest and get healthy tasty fruits.

Every year, most gardeners encounter pests of cucumbers. The future harvest and plant health depend on a quick response to the appearance of harmful insects. There are several pest prevention and control methods that you need to be aware of in order to save cucumbers.

Cucumber pests with photos and descriptions

The main pests of cucumbers include: melon aphids, ants, gall nematodes, whiteflies, spider mites, bears, cucumber mosquitoes, tobacco thrips, slugs, wireworms and rodents.

This is a homoptera, sucking pest about 2 millimeters in size. It can have a different color, both yellow and dark green. The larvae overwinter in fallen leaves, weeds, and anthills. Ants are the most common carriers of aphids. The defeat of cucumber bushes occurs in July - August. Aphids suck out the juices of plants and, releasing poison, infects shoots and leaves.

Signs of appearance: wilting and shedding of flowers, ovaries; drying, wrinkling of leaves; slow fruit growth. Aphids are carriers of various diseases, which makes them especially dangerous.

Fighting folk methods

As an effective folk method is spraying the bushes with a tincture of bitter red pepper.

This requires 20 liters of water, 60 grams of chopped pepper, 400 grams of tobacco dust. The mixture should be infused for 1 day, then filtered. A tablespoon of any liquid soap and 300 grams of ash are added to it. 2-3 liters of infusion is required per square meter.

Garlic infusion is prepared as follows:

2 liters of water and 400 grams of chopped garlic are taken. You need to insist the mixture for 4 days. After that, everything is diluted with water at the rate of 60 grams per 2 buckets of water. The amount of infusion can be increased or decreased depending on the planting area. Per square meter requires 30 grams of infusion.

You can also use this infusion:

the solution is prepared from 400 grams of ash, 100 grams of soap and 20 liters of water. The mixture must be insisted and strained. Processing of plants is made from a spray gun.

For a decoction of celandine

2 liters of water and 800 grams of plucked leaves of the plant are taken. Everything is mixed and infused for a day. Then the infusion should be boiled for half an hour. The whole ground part of the plants is sprayed with a decoction.

Chemistry

A faster and more effective way to deal with aphids is to use chemicals such as Fitoverm, Aktofit, Komandor, Iskra and Karbofos.

Prevention

  • It is not recommended to plant cucumbers near viburnum, linden, petunias, legumes, as their aroma attracts pests.
  • The neighborhood of cucumber beds with onions, mint, garlic, fennel, lavender, mustard can scare away the pest.
  • The destruction of weeds and organic residues on the site avoids pest damage and is the best prevention.


But eating, spoiling seedlings and fruits, the transfer of aphids leads to the need to remove these insects from the site.

To get rid of ants, you need to mix boric acid and sugar, and spread it over the site.

Chemistry

For the destruction of ants, chemicals are used: Anteater, Thunder 2, Ant, Muratsid.

Prevention

When the aphids are destroyed, the ants themselves leave the site.

The neighborhood of cucumbers with garlic, elderberry, mint, mustard repel insects.

By destroying the nest, you can naturally get rid of insects. The anthill can be dug up or poured with boiling water with the addition of vinegar, shampoo and vegetable oil (2 cups of vinegar are taken per bucket of water).


These are small round worms of white or pearl color, 2 millimeters long. The root nematode damages the plant at an air temperature of 24-30 degrees Celsius and 60-65% humidity. The pest lives in the ground and through it damages plants.

When affected, the leaves and shoots curl, thin and weak roots are formed, covered with swellings, and the growth of the bushes slows down.

To check for the presence of a nematode in the ground, you need to sow the seeds of cucumbers. After 2.5-3 weeks after germination, seedlings are dug up to check the roots. In the presence of a pest, they are easy to notice on the surface of damaged roots.

The pest impairs the metabolism in the bushes. They lose nutrients, which leads to a decrease in their productivity.

Fighting folk methods

Heat treatment of the root system allows you to completely destroy pests. Adults and larvae die at a water temperature of +40 degrees. To do this, the bushes need to be dug up and dipped for 12-15 minutes in heated water up to 50-55 degrees.

Chemistry

To remove the nematode, drugs are used: Mercaptophos, Ruskamin, Phosphamide. Plants are processed 4 times.

Prevention

As a preventive measure, the acquired seedlings must be treated with Parathion. Cucumber roots are lowered into the diluted liquid for 12-15 minutes. Before planting, the soil must be shed with hot water, treated with ultraviolet light or calcined in the oven for 2 hours.

Removing weeds and fertilizing the soil with cow dung naturally protects cucumbers from gall nematodes.


This is a white butterfly, 3 mm long. Both insects and their larvae are dangerous for plants. The butterfly appears in humid, warm summers. The whitefly overwinters in greenhouses and greenhouses, where there is practically no ventilation and high humidity is always maintained. Insects and larvae suck sap from plants, slowing down their growth. The feces of these insects corrode the leaves, which subsequently turn black and dry completely.

Finding whiteflies is easy. On examination, you can see a small midge, similar to a small moth. When plants are affected, growth slows down, the leaves turn yellow, curl, the reverse side of the leaves is covered with small scales, and the surface is covered with a shiny sticky coating.

Fighting folk methods

To drive out the whitefly, 500 grams of chopped onion or garlic and a liter of boiling water are taken. Infused 12 hours. Then it is filtered. Plants are sprayed with this infusion for a week.

Garlic infusion is prepared as follows: 120 grams of chopped garlic is taken for 2 buckets of water. The solution must be insisted for a day. Processing is done once a week until the pests are completely destroyed.

You can use a soapy solution: 1 part of laundry soap must be crushed and dissolved in 6 parts of water. The solution is whipped and applied with a brush or sponge to the leaves. This method is suitable for use in greenhouses, greenhouses or small areas in the garden.

To prepare an infusion of tobacco, you need to take 50 grams of crushed tobacco per 1 liter of boiling water.
Infused in a dark place for 5 days. After the infusion is filtered and used every 3 days.

Chemistry

To quickly and effectively eliminate insects, insecticides are used: Konfidor, Aktara, Fitoverm, Akarin, Mospilan, Iskra and Aktellik.

Prevention

Prevention in this case is standard.


This is an arachnid pest, up to 1 mm in size, feeding on plant sap. It gets on cucumbers from the soil or is carried on clothes, tools, by the wind, with water. The pest loves low humidity and dry air. False spider mites prefer high humidity. With severe damage, mites lead to plant disease and death.

You can recognize a pest on a plant by small white dots and a transparent thin cobweb on stems, leaves and fruits.

Fighting folk methods

To prepare garlic infusion, you need to chop 4 heads of garlic, add 2 liters of water and insist everything for 5 days. After that, everything is diluted with water 1: 1. Spraying is done in the evening.

Another infusion: 200 grams of husk is poured with a bucket of water and infused for 5 days, then filtered and used for spraying.

Chemistry

For large areas of damage, chemicals are used, such as: Actellik, Neoron, Fitoverm, Karbofos, Apollo.

Prevention

Regular top dressing and spraying with protective preparations can avoid the appearance of a tick on the site.


This is a large burrowing dark brown insect, up to 8 centimeters long. This pest lives in warm regions. Medvedka is capable of destroying a significant number of landings in a short time. The pest enters the area with cucumbers through the ground.
If the seeds do not germinate well, the seedlings fall, dry, and passages are visible in the ground, then these are clear signs of the appearance of a bear.

Fighting folk methods

If seedlings are planted in cups with a cut bottom, the bear cannot harm the cucumbers.

For a trap with water, a 0.5 liter jar and a little liquid are taken. It must be buried in the ground up to the neck. Bears love dampness and drown in water.

Chemistry

The most drugs for the fight: Nemabaktin, Boverin, Medvetoks, Thunder, Bazudin, Aktara, Prestige.

Prevention

When a bear appears, the introduction of compost, humus and manure into the soil must be completely abandoned.

The smell of cilantro and garlic repel the pest. Mulching the soil makes it difficult for the bear to move in the ground and leads to its death.


This insect is the main enemy of tobacco. However, it also harms cucumbers. The length of the insect is 1 millimeter. The coloration is greyish-yellow. Thrips females infect cucumber bushes by laying eggs in the leaves. Insects and larvae suck juice from flowers and plants. Cucumbers with a strong defeat dry up.

You can determine the presence of insects by yellowish-brown spots on the foliage. Leaves curl up and dry. Plant growth slows down.

Fighting folk methods

The use of mites (Neoseyulus), orius bugs allows you to eliminate the larvae and further spread of thrips.

An infusion of onion peel is prepared as follows: you need to take a two-liter volume of peel and 4 liters of water. Infused for 2 days. After the soap is mixed, 12 liters of water. All plants are processed with infusion.

Chemistry

Chemicals for fighting: Ankara, Iskra, Fufanon, Commander Maxi.

Prevention

Frequent watering, cleaning plant residues, destruction of weeds help to avoid the appearance of pests.


Gastropods appear on plantings after heavy rains. They are difficult to remove mechanically. They feed and move around the site only at night. Slugs eat young, green plants, causing them to become sick and weak.

Fighting folk methods

Sprinkle aisles with cilantro, rosemary, parsley or allspice.
Beer cans can be used as traps. The container must be buried up to the neck. Pests will be attracted by the smell and they will crawl into the jar and drown.

Chemistry

To eliminate slugs from a larger area, the use of chemicals is required: Slug Eater, Meta, Thunderstorm, Ferramol, Etisso. Instead of these drugs, you can use calcium-containing supplements that repel slugs.

Prevention

Mulching the ground with sawdust is the best prevention against these pests.


The pest prefers potatoes and carrots, but sometimes it also feasts on cucumber roots. Chemicals are useless in this case.

The eggs of the female are laid in the upper layer of the earth in May - July. Loosening the soil allows you to remove the pest. Deep autumn digging of the soil contributes to the freezing of larvae and insects. The introduction of nitrogen fertilizers, ash and the strait of earth with potassium permanganate help to avoid pest damage. Neighborhood with legumes repel the pest.


Rats, mice eat ripe fruits, plant roots and carry a variety of diseases.

Fighting folk methods

Folk remedies for eliminating rodents are mousetraps, cats and hedgehogs.
Medicinal black root, dried elderberry repel pests.

Chemistry

If the roots and fruits are damaged, to fight rodents, you need to use: Rat death, Mortorat, Krysid, Goliath.

Prevention

Careful cleaning of plants from the site in the fall allows you to minimize the appearance of mice, rats.

Cucumber pests in the greenhouse - treatment features

The dark gray cucumber mosquito lives in greenhouses. The length of the insect is 5 millimeters. The pest is brought into the greenhouse with the ground, in the form of a chrysalis. The larvae make holes in the roots and cotyledons of young plants. Mosquitoes are carriers of diseases and expose plants to great danger. Plant growth slows down, they wither, the root part rots, turgor is lost and the bushes die.

To combat the pest, you can use yellow Velcro. This color attracts insects. If pests stick, the tape can be simply removed.
To prevent their appearance, the soil must be shed with boiling water with the addition of potassium permanganate before planting.

When growing cucumbers in a greenhouse, you can get rid of the whitefly simply by lowering the air temperature to 10 degrees and humidity to 80%.

To combat aphids, you can use ladybugs, they feed on these pests.
After the destruction of the aphids, the ants immediately leave the greenhouse.

To eliminate slugs, you can sharply lower the temperature to 10 degrees, which does not harm cucumbers, but is detrimental to pests.

The natural enemies of the tick are phytoseiulus and amblyseius, which are not harmful to plants or humans. This method is ideal when growing cucumbers in greenhouses, greenhouses.

Disinfection of the soil allows you to get rid of pests. Heat treatment of the earth, yellow adhesive tapes and spraying of the basal collar and lower part of the stem with chemicals save the plants.

It is necessary to use chemicals in a closed space in a smaller amount and using a respirator!

If other insects are used in the greenhouse for pest control, chemicals should be avoided.

When carrying out preventive work, you can protect the site from the appearance of any pests. Autumn cleaning of the site, burning tops and cleaning weeds is the main rule that reduces the risk of pests in the garden.

Diseases and pests of cucumbers and methods of dealing with them: video

Insect pests often cause a decrease in the yield of cucumbers: melon aphid, whitefly, cruciferous flea, spider mite. Each gardener should be aware of the methods of dealing with them, be able to identify insects in time and take the necessary control measures.

Pests of cucumbers and their features

Cucumber pest control includes traditional and folk remedies.

Aphid

The insect hibernates in the basal leaves of weeds. In the spring, it begins to actively multiply, settling around the site. Especially to the taste of the pest gourds.

The aphid has a size of up to 2 mm, the insect settles on the lower part of the leaves, forming numerous colonies that can destroy the crop of cucumbers and other melons

The peak of pest activity is the middle of summer. On cucumber leaves you can see hordes of black or green insects. Due to the invasion of aphids, flowers and ovaries are affected, the leaves curl and dry. A dehydrated plant will gradually die. When these insects are found, it is necessary to immediately begin to fight them.

spider mite

The spider mite is a small pest that is very difficult to spot. Its dimensions can be in the range from 0.3 to 1 mm. The presence of an arthropod is betrayed by a white web that has entangled the leaves. The tick is the champion in the ability to infect plants. It sucks the juice, weakening the plant. The color of the tick is varied: yellow-green, white, orange, red. The pest lives on the lower part of the leaves, can occupy the entire bush. If the lesions are not treated in time, the death of the plant is inevitable.

black flea

Black flea - a tiny dark-colored bug (1.8–3 mm).

From the leaves of a cucumber, a black flea makes a sieve, sucking the juice of a plant and gnawing through tissues.

Insects hibernate in the upper layer of the earth. Pests move quickly, jumping from one leaf to another. The black flea is the most dangerous type of cruciferous flea. If these insects are not noticed in time, leaf beetles can destroy cucumber shoots in a few days.

whitefly

Flour-colored insects up to 1.5 cm, with two pairs of wings covered with a wax coating. Small hairy larvae (no more than 0.3 mm), feeding on leaf sap, have an abdomen with thin filaments at the end, they are painted in a pale green color. If you lift the leaf, then on its reverse side you can see white insects taking off when touched by the plant. Pests are like translucent scales that have stuck around the lower part of the cucumber leaf.

Whitefly forms colonies on the underside of leaves

This pest is the most common insect that has to be dealt with when growing cucumbers both in open ground and in greenhouses or greenhouses. After the defeat of the whitefly, many light spots appear on the cucumber leaves. Affected plants first turn yellow, then lose their leaves, stop bearing fruit. The whitefly is a carrier of viral infections that can destroy all plantings of cucumbers.

How to deal with cucumber pests

For effective pest control, it is important to consider where insects live.

How to get rid of aphids

When processing cucumbers, one should not forget that insects mainly settle on the underside of the leaves. If young shoots are easy to process, then the cucumber lashes of adult plants must be carefully turned over without changing their position.

To combat aphids, a ladybug is used, catching it in its habitats - on dill bushes, mustard, meadow grass. In a day, an insect larva can destroy 50 pests, and an adult bug eats up to 100 insects.

A good result in the fight against aphids was shown by the use of foliar dressings with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (20 g of superphosphate and 10 g of potassium chloride per 10 liters of water). They are carried out once a week until the complete disappearance of pests. Biological preparations Actofit, Bitoxibacillin, Fitoverm are also used. A big plus of these funds is the ability to eat fruits already 2 days after spraying. If there is a strong damage by aphids of large areas, the use of chemicals is inevitable.

There are many insecticides that effectively destroy pests:

  • Arrivo;
  • Decis;
  • Karbofos;
  • Kinmiks;
  • Metaphos;
  • Intavir.

Carefully study the instructions for the use of chemicals. Many of them are toxic and should be applied before cucumbers set.

How to deal with spider mites

When a spider mite appears, damaged leaves, and sometimes entire plants, are removed. They are collected in a closed container so that they do not spread on the site, and burned. When getting rid of pests, part of the crop is lost, but this is necessary so that the arthropod does not spread throughout the site.

Acaricides (Keltan, Phosfamide) and insectoacaricides (Anticlesch, Apollo, Vertimek, Fufanon, Engio) have proven themselves well in the fight against ticks. Bitoxibacillin, Scarado-M, Fitoverm are often used - biological products that do not harm the plants themselves, affecting only pests.

An effective remedy for combating spider mites on cucumbers is insect predators. These include the mites Amblyseius and Phytoseiulus, which suck out the eggs laid by the females. For a good result, the settlement is carried out in several stages every 2–3 weeks, while maintaining the air humidity not lower than 70% and the temperature above +25 ° C. The number of released individuals depends on the number of pests (20–50 pieces per m 2).

Biomaterial is recommended to be used on large areas. It is difficult to buy it now due to the cessation of work of many laboratories of large greenhouse farms, but you can purchase the product from dealers of Dutch, Belgian, Israeli companies. Information about shops and greenhouses that distribute these products is provided by the Plant Quarantine Department of the City Phytosanitary Surveillance Service. In large cities, the necessary biomaterial in bags and sachets can be found in chain stores, including flower shops. Products are supplied by official dealers of the Dutch international company Koppert Biological Systems.

Video: how to deal with spider mites with sachets of amblyseius and phytoseiulus

To combat the tick, you can apply the following recipes:

  1. Garlic infusion. 150 g of garlic is poured into 1 liter of warm water and insisted for a week. Dilute with 10 liters of water before use.
  2. Aloe solution. 2 kg of crushed plant is diluted with 10 liters of water.
  3. Infusion of wormwood. 2 kg of raw wormwood is poured into 10 liters of warm water. Can be used after 12 hours.
  4. Dandelion infusion. 250 g of dried dandelion roots insist 3 hours in 10 liters of warm water.
  5. Decoction of hot pepper. Boil 100 g of pepper for 30 minutes in 1 liter of water. Dilute 150 ml of broth in 10 liters of water.
  6. Infusion of horse sorrel. 300g of sorrel is infused in 10 liters of warm water for 3-4 hours.
  7. Infusion of tops of tomatoes. 1.5 kg of raw tops and 1 kg of dry tomato tops are soaked in 10 liters of hot water, infused for 5 hours.
  8. Infusion of celandine. 100 g of dry crushed plant is poured into 1 liter of boiling water, insisted for 3 hours, diluted with 10 liters of water.

How to get rid of black flea on cucumbers

When the leaves are still in dew, they are pollinated with a mixture of tobacco dust and ash. To do this, mix the components in a 1: 1 ratio, fill a bag of fabric with a mixture that easily passes dust (for example, nylon) and tie it into a knot. The contents of the bag are sprayed over each plant from below and above, trying to evenly distribute the mixture over the leaves. It adheres well to wet plants. Instead of tobacco, you can also use road dust, because the pest does not like dirty leaves.

Cruciferous flea can be treated with home remedies that repel the insect or create a film on the leaves through which the pest cannot reach the leaves.

Re-treatment is carried out after rain. A good way to feed plants and scare off pests is to spray them with an infusion of chicken manure (1:20) that is pre-infused for a week. Biological insecticides for flea control - Guapsin, Fitoverm, etc. There are also many effective chemicals for pest control: Aktara, DDT, Decis, Arrivo, Sherpa. Anabadust or nikodust, sodium silicofluoride mixed with wood ash is also used.

Whitefly Remedies

If insect infestation is detected at an early stage, you can try to collect pests mechanically, in which the affected leaves are torn off and burned, and the soil around the plants is loosened. In the greenhouse, sticky bait tapes for adults are often hung. They also repel insects with the help of shiny foil, laying it in the aisles so that the sun's rays fall on the leaves from below, where the pest lives.

The female wasp lays her eggs in whitefly larvae, destroying the pest population

Destroy the whitefly and with the help of chemical insecticides. Usually Actellik is used in combination with Aktara, Kinmiks, etc.

Folk remedies for insect control

In small areas, summer residents try to fight pests of cucumbers with folk remedies. Infusions of many plants are used: wormwood, marigolds, celandine, horse sorrel, dandelions, tobacco, onions, garlic, hot peppers, etc. Decoctions and infusions can be used once a week, repeated spraying should be done 3-4 times during the season.

Before sowing, cucumber seeds are disinfected with aloe. To do this, planting material is kept in an aqueous solution of aloe juice (1: 1) for 6 hours, washed in water and dried.

To combat aphids and whiteflies, you can use the following recipes:

  1. Onion infusion. 200 g of onion are chopped and poured into 10 liters of warm water. A day later, the infusion is filtered.
  2. Garlic infusion. 100 g of chopped garlic is poured into 10 liters of water. Insist 12 hours.
  3. Orange infusion. 1 kg of dried orange peels is poured into 10 liters of water, put for three days in a dark, warm place.
  4. Pepper infusion. 30 g of crushed hot pepper pods, 200 g of tobacco dust per 10 liters of hot water, insist for 10 hours and strain, add an alkaline solution to the product (2 tablespoons of liquid soap and 2 tablespoons of wood ash).

Flea infusion recipes:

  1. Infusion of tomato tops and garlic. Take one glass of chopped garlic and tomato tops, dilute in 10 liters of warm water. Use immediately.
  2. 0.5 kg of dandelion leaves and roots (1: 1) are crushed, poured into 10 liters of hot water. Use filtered solution.
  3. 4 kg of potato tops are poured into 10 liters of water and boiled for 15 minutes. The cooled and strained broth is diluted half with water (1: 1).

Recently, the use of a 70% solution of vinegar (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water), a solution of ammonia or hydrogen peroxide (2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water) has received positive feedback. In the spring, young plantations are treated with these agents from below and from above.

25–30 g of household, liquid or tar soap are added to decoctions and infusions for spraying plants so that the sprayed substance stays on the leaves longer.

Prevention measures

Preventive pest control measures for cucumbers begin at the end of the season. It is better to prevent the appearance of harmful insects than to spend a lot of time and effort fighting them.

  • destroy and burn the remains of plants;
  • spray the soil with 7% copper sulphate;
  • dig the soil (plow) to a depth of at least 30 cm.

After harvesting and removing plants from greenhouses or beds, you need to prepare the soil for the next season. Sulfur checkers Vist, Hephaestus, Climate, Fas (1 checker per 15 m 3 of the room) destroy mold and fungus spores in greenhouses. The soil is treated with Farmiod-3 (200 ml per 10 liters of water).

In the spring, 10 days before sowing, the prepared soil is disinfected. If manure is introduced during spring cultivation, it must be well embedded in the ground so as not to provoke active reproduction of flies. Pesticides are used when weeds are in high numbers.

Before sowing, the seeds are treated with a 1% solution of potassium permanganate or a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide. Both in open and protected ground, regular inspection of plants is one of the important preventive measures. If necessary, weeds are removed, the soil is loosened, the soil is not allowed to dry out, and watering is carried out regularly.

Video: how to properly water cucumbers

Compliance with the cultivation regime of cucumbers includes thinning densely planted plants. In greenhouses and greenhouses, it is worthwhile to provide for air heating when the temperature drops below +18 ° C at night, to regularly ventilate the premises, avoiding drafts. Under the shelter, it is necessary to maintain high humidity (75%).

When planning plantings, one should adhere to the rules of crop rotation. In no case should a cucumber be planted in a place where pumpkins grew. The best cucumber precursor is the legume family (except beans) or potatoes.

In the neighborhood of cucumber beds, it is good to sow plants that have insecticidal properties that attract bees - these are spicy crops (basil, celery, fennel), chamomile, calendula, marigolds, kosmeya, etc. Dill will be a good friend of cucumber in a greenhouse.

Video: taking preventive measures against pests of cucumbers in a greenhouse

Pest control of cucumbers should be carried out constantly. Obtaining a plentiful, pest-free crop depends on knowledge of pests, timely prevention of infection, and proper plant care.

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Cucumber is a favorite dish not only for us, but also for various insect pests that willingly settle on leaves, roots, stems, weakening plants or completely destroying them. In the greenhouse, cucumbers are harmed by: whitefly, thrips, gall nematode, spider mite. It is important to learn to recognize the pest by the first signs of damage at the very initial stage in order to quickly and effectively prevent their mass reproduction and save your crop.

Whitefly control on cucumbers in a greenhouse

The whitefly is a small insect about 1.5 mm in size with 2 pairs of powdery white wings. Lays eggs on the underside of leaves.

Harm from the whitefly

  1. Adult insects and larvae suck the juice from the leaves, after which they turn yellow.
  2. With a strong defeat by the whitefly, the leaves die off, the plant is strongly oppressed, dies.

Signs of whitefly damage

  • During the mass reproduction of the whitefly, the reverse side of the leaf is covered with sticky secretions, on which the soot fungus often settles, which reduces photosynthesis in the leaves.
  • With a slight shaking of the bush, white "midges" fly out,
  • winged individuals can be found throughout the greenhouse, they sit on the upper side of the leaf.
  • Check the underside of the leaves, most likely you will see small clusters of small yellow eggs and light larvae there.
  • Yellow glue traps hung between plants will also help track the pest.

How to get rid of whiteflies

The whitefly is a dangerous pest of most greenhouse crops, it is quite difficult to get rid of it in a neglected situation, urgent measures must be taken.

  1. Optimize the microclimate in the greenhouse. It may be too hot, too humid, and not properly ventilated. Use regular ventilation, lower air humidity and temperature to 20-22°C. This will slow down its development.
  2. Hang yellow glue traps between plants.
  3. Single instances of the whitefly can be dealt with manually. Carefully inspect the underside of all leaves, if clutches of eggs and larvae are found, rinse the underside of the leaf with water pressure and spray with an ash-soap solution. Inspect regularly, repeat if necessary.
  4. With the mass dominance of the pest, spraying with chemicals and folk remedies is used (see below)
  5. In autumn, after harvesting, all plant residues must be carefully removed from the greenhouse; it is advisable to treat cracks, frames and beams in the greenhouse with bleach, dig up the soil - thus prepare the greenhouse for freezing.

Fortunately, the harsh winter for the whitefly is an insurmountable obstacle. But the next year, all the same, "keep your eyes open", because after visiting you once, she can return again.

How to treat whitefly

If the situation with the whitefly is more serious at the beginning of the cucumber growing season, when there are still no emerging ovaries, it is advisable to treat the plants with a chemical insecticide.

  • Means based on the systemic active substance imidacloprid are suitable. There are many such drugs on the market.
  • When treating plants with it, you can not try to especially carefully treat the underside of the leaf, since the drug penetrates the plant system and makes the cell sap poisonous to the pest. Individuals feeding on juice (larvae and adults) will die within a day.
  • But the insecticide does not work on the nymphs, eggs and pupae of the pest, they are invulnerable to it. Therefore, after a short period of time, the treatment must be repeated, for this, another drug should be chosen.

Folk remedies for whiteflies

When cucumber ovaries grow, it is undesirable to use chemicals. It's time to use folk methods and means - spraying plants with infusions of ash, tobacco, onion peel, mustard, yarrow, dandelion roots, etc.

How to prepare infusions for spraying:

  1. Grind dandelion roots and leaves (400 g), pour warm water (10 l) and leave for 2-3 days
  2. Dry crushed tobacco leaves (400 g) are infused in 10 liters of water for 2 days, after which they are filtered and the solution is diluted with water 2 times
  3. Ash (2 cups) must be infused for a day in 10 liters of hot water, then strain
  4. Onion peel (200 g) pour 10 liters of water, leave for 4-5 days, strain
Important!
  • To improve the adhesion of prepared infusions and enhance their insecticidal effect, add 50-100 g of green or liquid laundry soap per 10 liters of water to the solution and treat the plants with it.
  • When spraying, pay special attention to the underside of the leaf, treat it carefully.
  • If necessary, the treatment is repeated after 4-5 days until the complete disappearance of the pest.

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Photo: whitefly on cucumbers in a greenhouse

Fight against thrips on cucumbers in the greenhouse

Thrips are small insects about 1 mm long with a thin body. They lay their eggs under the skin of the leaf. It is brought into the greenhouse along with planting material and onions planted on greenery.

Harm from thrips

  • suck the juice from the leaves
  • as a result, the plant dries up.

Signs of damage to cucumber thrips

On the leaves of the cucumber appear multiple yellow spots of an angular shape (mottling), on the underside of the leaf the spots have a silvery-white color.

How to get rid of thrips on cucumbers

  1. Careful inspection and disinfection of all planting material brought into the greenhouse - purchased seedlings, onions for feather forcing
  2. The same yellow or blue glue traps will help to detect and catch adult winged thrips.
  3. After harvesting, removal of all plant residues and weeds around the greenhouse, deep digging of the soil.

How to process cucumbers from thrips

  • With a large number of pests, a chemical method of control is necessary. But it is effective only with the complex and consistent use of drugs.
  • Thrips, like the whitefly, has several stages in its development that are insensitive to chemical insecticides. Therefore, with an interval of 7-10 days, the treatment must be repeated, while alternating insecticides from different classes.

The following drugs are effective against thrips:

  1. Fitoverm,
  2. Aktara,
  3. Actellik,
  4. Imidor,
  5. Fufanon.

When deciding on a chemical treatment, read the instructions carefully and take into account the waiting time before harvest:

  • for Actellik, it is 20 days,
  • for the drug Fufanon - for open ground cucumbers - 20 days, and for closed ground - 3 days!
  • The shortest waiting time for Fitoverm is 3 days. it is considered a biological pesticide. The drug does not penetrate into the plant, does not accumulate in fruits, which makes it an indispensable means of controlling pests of vegetable crops.

Folk remedies for thrips on cucumbers

From folk remedies against thrips, tobacco infusion (see the recipe above) and celandine herb infusion give the best effect.

How to prepare an infusion of celandine:

  1. take 800 g of fresh celandine grass or 200 g of dry,
  2. pour 10 liters of warm water and leave for 12-24 hours, so that the solution turns out to be the color of diluted tea leaves.
  3. Then filter, add green or liquid laundry soap 50-100 g / 10 l of solution and spray the plants.


Photo: thrips on cucumbers in a greenhouse

Fighting spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse

The spider mite is a very small pest 0.3 mm in size from the class of arachnids.

Harm from spider mites

  • sucks juices from leaves
  • weaves in cobwebs,
  • causes dryness
  • leads to the complete death of the plant.

Signs of spider mite damage to cucumbers

  • The first signs of damage can be seen on the upper side of the sheet in the form of small bright dots,
  • then the spots merge and the sheet acquires a “marble” pattern.

How to get rid of spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse

  1. As a preventive measure, it is necessary to maintain the microclimate in the greenhouse at an optimal level with air humidity above 65-70% and a temperature within 22 ° C.
  2. Conduct regular site inspections.
  3. The treatment of plants must be started immediately after the discovery of single individuals on the wrong side of the leaf and the first symptoms of damage.
  4. Plants with light marble foliage that are heavily affected by the mite must be destroyed along with the root; it is no longer possible to cure them.

After harvesting from the greenhouse:

  • remove all plant residues,
  • dig the soil deep
  • disinfect the greenhouse and all equipment with 4-6% bleach

How to process cucumbers from spider mites

Of the chemicals, acaricides will be effective:

  • Actellik,
  • Fufanon (Aliot),
  • biological products Bitoxibacillin, Fitoverm and Biokill.

Folk remedies for spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse

In the first stages of development, folk remedies will be effective against the tick: infusions of marigolds, dandelion, garlic, onion peel, mustard.

  • Be sure to add green soap to the solution.
  • Processing is repeated several times in 5-7 days.

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Photo: spider mite on cucumbers in a greenhouse

Fighting gall nematode on cucumbers in a greenhouse

Gall nematode - small worms up to 1.5 mm long from the class of annelids. It lives in the soil, is carried with infected planting material, lives only in greenhouses, in the southern regions it can also be found in open ground.

Harm from gall nematode

  • larvae penetrate the roots of the plant and begin to feed there,
  • leads to the formation of swellings (galls) on the roots.
  • This disease of vegetable crops is called meloydoginosis.
  • Galls disrupt the normal nutrition and water supply of plants, from which they are oppressed and die.

Signs of damage to cucumbers by gall nematodes

At the initial stages, it is difficult to recognize the defeat of this pest.

  1. On sunny days, cucumber leaves begin to wilt, and they may also show a slight lack of nutrients.
  2. Such symptoms can be confused with cucumber root rot. Indeed, infection with gall nematodes also contributes to easier penetration of fungal and bacterial pathogens of root rot into the plant.
  3. It is possible to determine the presence of meloidogynosis only after digging up the entire plant with the root.

How to get rid of the gall nematode on cucumbers

Effective means of combating root-knot nematodes have not yet been developed. All protective measures are reduced mainly to prevention.

  1. Steam or freeze the soil
  2. Apply to the soil before planting seedlings of the drug Fitoverm at the rate of 50-94 g of powder per 1 m²
  3. Affected plants are dug up by the roots and burned.
  4. When replacing the affected plants, 18 g of the Fitoverm preparation is added to the well and mixed with the soil.


Photo: gall nematode damage

Every vegetable grower who grows cucumbers wants to collect the maximum amount of the crop. Quite often, pests of cucumbers in the greenhouse or in the garden interfere with this. Therefore, before growing, it is necessary to study in advance the pests of cucumbers in the greenhouse and their treatment.

This insect most often appears on seedlings that are grown in greenhouse conditions and greenhouses. However, sometimes, spider mites can also be seen on cucumber bushes in the open field.

When this pest appears, cobwebs begin to appear on the surface of the leaves of cucumbers. To make sure that the seedlings were attacked by a spider mite, it is recommended to carefully examine the lower part of the leaves, since insects most often hide there.

Such mites reproduce very quickly, since their female can lay about two hundred eggs in one season. Literally a few weeks after the appearance, pests of cucumber seedlings suck out all the juice from the leaves, which leads to the slow death of cucumbers.

How to protect cucumbers from spider mites

It is necessary to fight pests immediately after their appearance in order to save seedlings from death. Greenhouse plants protect against this insect by two main methods:

  • Regular watering. The tick does not like highly moistened soil and therefore it does not breed in conditions of high humidity.
  • Planting out plants. It is recommended to plant carrots, parsley or dill near cucumbers. They attract ladybugs that feed on spider mites.

Ticks are not covered with a protective cover and therefore it is recommended to treat cucumber seedlings with special caustic compounds that will clear cucumber seedlings from them. Means for processing are recommended to be created from components that are harmless to people. You can spray seedlings with such solutions:

  • A liquid made from soap and ground pepper. To prepare the drug, the same amount of soap and ground pepper is added to 10 liters of water. Then 40 grams of ash and chopped onions are added to the mixture. Before watering the plants, it is necessary to strain the resulting liquid through cheesecloth.
  • Pepper remedy. 80 grams of ground hot pepper are added to 5-7 liters of water. The mixture should be infused for at least a day, after which it will need to be watered twice a week by cucumber bushes.

Some gardeners do not use folk remedies and instead use chemicals. Such funds are recommended to be used only in the first 2-3 weeks after planting in the soil, before the formation of fruits.

Snails and slugs

Slugs and snails are quite common in the gardens of summer residents. During the day, they may not be noticed on cucumbers, as these pests prefer to crawl out at night or in cloudy weather. If a slug or snail appears on a plant, it eats cucumber leaves and even their fruits. At first they start with the lower leaves, but over time they move to the rest. If you do not protect the seedlings from slugs and snails in time, they will completely destroy the cucumber bushes.

How to protect cucumbers from slugs with snails

Some vegetable growers do not know what to do to get rid of such pests. There are several fairly effective ways to protect seedlings in a greenhouse and on the street:

  • Copper tapes. To prevent snails from eating the leaves of cucumber seedlings, it is necessary to spread copper ribbons near the plants. During contact with such material, mollusks receive a small electrical charge, from which they can die.
  • Chemical preparations Thunderstorm or Meta. If the use of copper tapes did not help, then you will have to spray the cucumbers with special chemicals. Processing cucumbers from pests should be done very carefully. It is not recommended to use very concentrated mixtures and therefore, chemical preparations must be diluted with water before use. Manufacturers claim that the use of these drugs is absolutely harmless for people.

thrips

Quite often, leaves on cucumbers are eaten by tobacco thrips. These white insects begin to multiply in the soil and eventually move to cucumber seedlings. Cucumbers with thrips on leaves will not be able to live long. This pest gnaws leaves and feeds on cucumber juice, which eventually leads to serious deformations of fruits and stems. Also during cultivation, large light spots may appear on the leaves.

How to deal with thrips

Thrips are very resistant insects and therefore the fight against them can drag on for a long time. Cucumber pest control technology can be carried out using the following means:

  • Adhesive tape. You can protect cucumbers from pests in the greenhouse with adhesive tape. Adults often fly and therefore there is a possibility that they will fall into such a trap.
  • Watering. Regular watering is excellent for thrips. Such pests of cucumber seedlings do not like high humidity and therefore it is recommended to periodically water the plant leaves with a hose.
  • Fitoverm. When the above methods of struggle do not help, cucumber bushes are treated with Fitoverm. Use this tool only in the evening at temperatures above 20 degrees.

Worms

Another common problem when growing cucumbers is worms. They affect the performance of the root system, as they can begin to gnaw on the root of cucumbers. If you do not get rid of the worms on the roots in time, the plant will die.

How to protect cucumbers from worms

To protect the roots from worms, several of the most effective means to combat them are used:

  • Baosia seeds butiration. With the help of flour made from the seeds of this Malay plant, you can quickly get rid of pests in the soil. These seeds contain a substance called maurine. When feeding, it is it that affects the worms after it enters their body. When feeding plants with flour, no more than 200 grams of flour should be spent per square meter of land.
  • Copper vitriol. To protect cucumbers from worms, spray the area with copper sulfate. It is not recommended to use it dry, so it should be mixed with water.
  • Derris. Very effective drug, often used for pest control. Before using it, you need to prepare a working solution. To do this, 20 grams of the product is mixed with 5 liters of water and infused for about 40 minutes. It is necessary to treat the site with Derris twice a month.

whitefly

Many gardeners complain that grown cucumbers suffer from whiteflies. This small insect is very reminiscent of butterflies. Whitefly caterpillars and adults are quite small - 2-3 mm in length, and therefore it is rather difficult to notice them on cucumber bushes.

Most of their lives, whiteflies are busy eating leaves, which eventually begin to dry out.

The main sign of the presence of pests on seedlings is a weak plaque located on the lower half of the leaves. In the affected areas of the leaves, a fungus begins to develop, due to which the seedlings can become infected with a particular disease. A few days later, signs appear from above. A huge number of small holes appear on the upper sheet plate.

The insect is often found in greenhouses, as it breeds only in warm conditions with high humidity. In the open field, whitefly is also found, but much less frequently.

How to process cucumbers to remove whiteflies

It is very difficult to save cucumber bushes from this insect. If she attacked only a few bushes, then it is easier to just get rid of the infected plants so that the insect does not have time to spread to neighboring seedlings. However, with a larger distribution, this option is not suitable. In this case, you can use:

  • Sticky tapes. Fly tapes are perfect for this. They are hung throughout the greenhouse above each row of cucumbers.
  • Planting plants. For example, some gardeners plant beaveria mushrooms near cucumbers to protect them from whiteflies.
  • Spraying. You can regularly spray cucumber bushes with water from a hose. In this case, the pressure should be powerful enough to wash away all insects from the leaves.

gall nematode

The gall nematode is the most dangerous pest that can be encountered while growing cucumbers. Many are interested in what damage this pest causes to the plant. The nematode is quickly introduced into the root system of cucumbers and violates its integrity. It can also worsen the absorption capacity of the roots by 2-3 times. Over time, cucumber bushes stop growing and gradually die.

Pest control methods

Many experts advise that when a nematode appears, immediately get rid of infected cucumbers until the pest begins to spread to other crops on the site. However, not everyone wants to lose the cucumber crop and therefore try to cure the bushes. In this case, we fight the nematode using the following methods:

  • Heat treatment. Thermally treated bushes can be saved from the nematode. It is recommended to carry out this procedure during transplanting seedlings or when cucumber bushes are at rest. To do this, the roots of seedlings must be soaked in warm water for 20-40 minutes. After the procedure, cucumbers should be immediately placed in a container of cold water so that it cools quickly.
  • Chemical means. Chemicals are used if heat treatment has not cured the seedlings. Many do not know which chemicals are best used in treatment. To do this, it is better to use Aktofit or Fitoverm, produced in powder form. During use, these funds are scattered on the ground and mixed with the soil. Some dilute them with water and spray the plants with the resulting liquid. In greenhouses, chemicals must be used very carefully. After their application, it is recommended to ventilate the room for several hours.


Conclusion

Pests of cucumbers are faced by almost everyone who grows them. To get rid of them, you need to understand who eats the plant and how to save cucumber bushes from pests.

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