All about frame housing construction. Frame houses - an introduction to technology

It is rapidly gaining popularity among individual developers. If in Canada it is a government program. In Russia, this means solving housing problems on your own, and in the shortest possible time with the lowest possible costs.

It is possible to build a frame with your own hands, even in the absence of special construction education, skills, and experience. To do this, you will have to make an effort, understand the technology, and also acquire the simplest skills for performing construction work. As a result, you can build a frame house with your own hands , and get at an affordable price an individual house for your special requests, needs, needs.

We give a detailed description of technological operations. Using technology, you can do it yourself (step-by-step instructions, 6x6 m 2 - the dimensions of the house that we took as a basis) with high quality.

Frame house: step by step instructions

We list the main steps that you need to follow in order to build a new frame house with your own hands, step-by-step instructions will give you the right idea about construction.

Scheme of the frame wall.

1. Design - planning, thinking over the design of the house, the layout of the walls and rooms, doors and windows, plumbing fixtures, plumbing, sewerage, electrical wiring, heating. In the design process, a diagram of a frame house is drawn , which indicate the location of engineering networks and plumbing, heating devices. Working through the schemes of frame houses with your own hands , utility rooms, it is important to consider how the house will be heated - choose a heating system, a scheme for laying its elements. According to the finished scheme, step-by-step construction will be carried out.
2. Ground work is the preparation of a pit for the foundation and the actual construction of the foundation.
3. Assembling the frame of the walls and roof.
4. Construction of walls and subfloor.
5. External doors, windows and walls.
6. Interior decoration and internal doors.

And now let's go directly to the question, with our own hands, what to consider for high-quality construction and the correct execution of work.

DIY frame house

Preparatory work is necessary for any construction, especially if you decide to build a frame house, you will simply need step-by-step instructions. If you thought over the project of the house on your own, then you took into account the peculiarities of the location of the building on the site. If you bought a ready-made project and decided to implement it on the spot, then you will need to "attach" the building to your terrain. How to build a frame house, the instruction will be useful in the earliest stages of construction.

Do-it-yourself frame house step by step photo.

Site preparation

What you need to do on the site where I build a frame house with my own hands:

• Clean it from old buildings, if any, on the site, from construction debris and from stumps, snags.
• Provide the possibility of transporting building materials, clear the road for the car and a place for a U-turn.

Canopy for storing boards.

• Consider places for storing building materials; if the terrain is uneven, they should be located on elevations.
• Perhaps the site needs to be leveled, for this you need to call construction equipment.
• For some areas where frame construction is being carried out, the instruction will be relevant on how to build a fence to prevent the theft of materials.

Plot marking

Marking is understood as the designation of the location of the future structure on the ground. The scheme of the frame house is transferred to the area with the help of pegs and ropes. Pegs are driven into the ground and a rope is pulled between them, indicating the location of future outer walls.

Marking the site for construction.

Carefully measure all angles, observe degrees (clearly marked 90 °) and the length of the walls. Deviations of at least a few degrees are not allowed. They lead to the curvature of the structure and improper distribution of loads. As a result, it can reduce the strength of the entire structure and reduce its reliability.

Instructions for the foundation

The phased construction of a frame house with your own hands begins with the foundation. This is the basis of the house, a large, even and durable “stand”, on which the entire frame structure rests. It can be poured from concrete or assembled from ready-made concrete blocks.

Strip foundation for the frame.

Frame construction is called "light". The walls of the skeleton put much less pressure on the surface of the earth than capital structures made of bricks or monoliths made of concrete. The frame is also lighter than a log wooden house. Therefore, your building will need a small, shallow foundation.

On a note

When deciding with your own hands, you invariably face the issue of choosing designs and materials. For frame structures, shallow strip foundations or slabs are constructed. In some cases, foundations are made deep for frame builders.

This happens when the soil is unsteady, mobile, loose and the building is planned on the shore of the reservoir. In such a case, which will rely on deep and immovable layers of soil.

Strip foundation

It is a stone tape, a path buried in the ground by 100-400 mm. Above the ground, the foundation rises by 100-300 mm. Thus, the total height of the strip foundation for a frame house is 200-700 mm.

Strip foundation formwork with reinforcing mesh

On a note

You can make the foundation deeper and higher - but this is up to you, if you want to spend more building materials and get a more massive structure of the base of the house.

The foundation tape is poured into trenches prepared in advance. Concrete for pouring can be kneaded independently. Before pouring, a layer of sand is poured into the trenches and thereby a so-called sand cushion is made (thickness up to 100 mm) and metal reinforcement is laid.

slab foundation

The slab foundation is also called floating. The frame house will rise and fall with it, with seasonal expansions of the soil. Therefore, the plate must be strong enough.

The slab foundation is poured from concrete and reinforcement, while the reinforcement is tied with wire. The reinforcing mesh provides the frame house slab with the necessary strength.

The foundation is filled with a monolithic slab

The slab base can be minimally deepened into the ground by 100-200 mm, or concrete can be poured onto a gravel pad without deepening. The total height of the slab should be 200-300 mm.

For the foundation slab, it is important to ensure resistance to the rise of ground moisture. Therefore, when mixing concrete, a water-resistant additive is added to it. This will ensure the water resistance of the concrete slab and the dry floor inside the future premises. And also extend the durability of the foundation and the entire structure.

Pile screw foundation

To obtain a pile-screw foundation, you can use asbestos pipes or metal finished piles. For asbestos pipes, pits are prepared in which the pipe is installed and concrete is poured into it. Pre-reinforce, i.e. put metal fittings inside the pipe. Metal piles are screwed into the ground without excavating the soil, without digging a hole.

In order to make it easier and clearer, how to mount a pile-screw foundation and a frame house with your own hands – step by step photo.

Set of piles for screw foundation
Screwing piles for the foundation manually
Connection of screw piles of the foundation to each other
Pile screw foundation

Beam strapping

Horizontal beams are laid on top of the finished piles. This design is called a grillage. When you decide to build a frame house with your own hands, the step-by-step sequence begins with the installation of a grillage, which is also the lower trim of the frame with vertical fastening of racks on them.

For the lower trim, a wooden beam with a section of 150x150 mm is chosen. This is the load-bearing element of the building, which must have sufficient strength and hold the walls, roof, trim and internal household appliances on itself.

To connect the corners of the strapping, choose one of the methods proposed in the picture - in half a tree or in a half paw.

Half tree connection options
Connection in half-tree and in half-paw

They differ in the thickness of the wood cut for the corner connection. Half-tree - exactly half the thickness of the beam is cut, half-paw - the beam is cut at an angle to each other. From above, the connection is strengthened with a metal bracket or plate. After that, the strapping angle is fixed to the foundation with a metal anchor. After the installation is completed, the timber is treated with an antiseptic.

Instructions for the subfloor

To build a frame house, the instruction will describe in detail the entire construction process. First of all, the floor of a frame house with your own hands consists of a rough layer and a finishing coat. The subfloor is made of concrete or wood. Finishing coating of wood, laminate, linoleum and other finishing materials.

Concrete subfloor

The concrete floor is poured over the ground. It is a multi-layer structure, in which there is a layer of waterproofing, thermal insulation, reinforcing mesh.

Draft concrete floor - concrete screed

The bottom layer is sand 10 mm. On top - expanded clay insulation, sawdust with clay - the so-called adobe, foam. Further concrete with a waterproofing additive.

Wooden subfloor

If a tree is used to build a subfloor, then an empty space is formed under it.

Draft floor between lags

Wooden logs are laid on top of the bottom strapping and are used as a base, to which subfloor boards are nailed from below. Insulation is laid on the subfloor boards. Then the flooring is spread on the logs: laminate, linoleum, OSB, parquet.

Frame house installation

How to build a frame house with your own hands? The step-by-step construction scheme begins with the construction of the frame - one of the most important construction operations. It is important to choose the right beams and boards (size and section) and connect them correctly. What features arise when the installation of a frame house begins: racks, beams, jibs and crossbars? You can easily start building a frame house with your own hands, the video will step by step show all the main points of installing a house.

• The locations of the racks and joints of wooden elements are measured with a tape measure and marked with a pencil.
• Carefully check the verticality of the racks, the horizon of the upper trim and the angle of the connection. The angles between posts and beams should be 90°.
• For joining frame elements, the most reliable options are used - metal staples and nails.
• Installation of a frame house is carried out from elements assembled in advance on the ground - wall templates, trusses. They are lifted, installed, temporarily supported by oblique beams and then fixed with connecting elements.

Installation of walls in a frame house

Step-by-step construction of a frame house, the wall frame assembly technology is as follows:

1. Install the bottom trim.
2. The frame of each wall is assembled separately (lower, upper and vertical elements) - the so-called wall template. After the assembled template is completely lifted and installed on the lower harness.
3. A second upper trim is laid on top of the wall templates, on which the rafters for the roof are then placed.

On a note

It will take three people to lift the 6 m long wall template. The three of us to raise such a template is quite realistic. Longer walls are assembled from several templates and their joints are connected with special threaded connections.

The assembly of a frame house, photos and videos demonstrate the progress of construction operations - the assembly of the template and its installation in the place of the future wall.

jib

In some schemes for mounting a frame house, not only vertical and horizontal frame elements are used, but also inclined ones - the so-called jibs. They enhance the strength of the frame structure. They are made from boards 150-50 mm or 100-50 mm.

The correct location of the jibs

Rigel

Rigil is a horizontal board, which is attached next to the top trim board. The crossbar is attached to the template during the assembly process on the ground. For crossbars, wooden boards with a thickness of 50 mm or more are used.

Crossbar in the entire wall of a frame house

A crossbar is also called a horizontal support between sloping roof trusses. In general, a crossbar is any beam that works in compression.

corners

The corners of the frame bear the maximum load. Therefore, they are assembled from two or three support boards.

Options for fixing the corners of the frame wall

Internal walls

The frame of the inner walls is assembled from wall templates in the same way as the outer walls. Internal piers do not carry a large load, and therefore may be of a smaller cross section.

The main requirement for interior walls is sound insulation. Therefore, their thickness should ensure the installation of soundproofing material during the subsequent arrangement of walls and their insulation.

Windows and doors

After assembling the frame, windows and doors are installed in the openings provided for by the scheme. This work is easier to order from the manufacturer - along with installation in a window opening. As for the doors, their box can be successfully assembled independently from wooden boards 25-30 mm thick.

Instructions for proper insulation

The frame house is being built step by step, and now it is necessary to deal with the insulation of the house. High-quality insulation provides the ability to maintain a comfortable temperature in the winter, and also determines your future costs for paying for winter heating. Therefore, it is better to overdo it and insulate the frame house with your own hands well than to save money and insufficiently insulate the walls of the building. What is used for insulation:

• Mineral wool in the form of pressed mats- the best option for warming the frame structure. It allows air to pass through, provides air exchange, limits heat loss due to the fact that it does not conduct heat from the house to the street, does not cake and does not lose its properties over time. During installation, it shrinks a little and then straightens out, which ensures the absence of assembly seams, slots, through which heat losses also usually occur.

Wall insulation with mineral wool

• Styrofoam- rigid polyurethane foam boards. They have one advantage over mineral wool mats - they are cheaper in price. In all other respects they are inferior to cotton insulation. They do not shrink during installation and leave small gaps that must be blown out with foam. They do not let air through and do not provide air exchange. They require the construction of exhaust ventilation, with permanent residence in a residential building.

Since thermal insulation with mineral wool mats has clear advantages, let's turn to this technology.

• Mineral wool- Moisture-wicking material. Therefore, when installed inside the wall, it is closed from the outside with a special film. This film must be made of a membrane that will not stop air exchange. That is, the structure of the membrane must pass wet steam only on one side, i.e. do not let moisture in from the atmospheric air and let it out from the inside.

On a note

The use of polyethylene instead of a membrane negates the effort of building a "breathable" house wall. With the same success, you can insulate the wall with airtight foam.

• An external finishing material can also block the removal of moisture. Therefore, an air gap is provided between the membrane and the outer plates - a void or a layer of air with a thickness of 50 mm. Through it, that humid air that has accumulated in the frame wall will come out. For the construction of such a gap, a wooden crate is used - wooden planks 50x50 mm wide. They are mounted along the supports on top of the insulation. After that, the panels of the outer wall are attached to the crate.

step by step finishing

After mounting the walls, proceed to the interior wall decoration. The basis for finishing are panels of wall material, which were installed during the installation of the wall from the inside of the frame. The following materials are used as internal walls:

• Drywall GKL - is a natural material, environmentally friendly, with an absolutely flat surface that does not need to be plastered and leveled in any way. It is necessary to close up with putty only the joints between adjacent drywall slabs.

Wall decoration with plasterboard.

• Gypsum-fiber boards GVL - a variant of a plasterboard wall with higher strength indicators.
• OSB - wood-based material, chips connected with synthetic glue. It has a lower degree of environmental safety. In addition, it has a rough surface, requires plastering and puttying.

So, the sequence of operations when performing wall decoration is as follows:

• 1. Installation of an internal wall (GKL or OSB wall panels).
  2. Seal joints between panels. If it is drywall, then puttying and gluing the joints with paper tape. If OSB - then plastering the surface of the wood board.
  3. Primer for the appropriate wall finish. For wallpapering - primer with glue. For painting - primer for paint.
  4. Direct execution of wall decoration - wallpapering, painting, decorative plastering of the walls of the room.

If wall panels (MDF, cork) are used as wall decoration, then they turn to another finishing technology. They do not make a draft wall, but immediately mount the interior finishing material.

Finally, we offer you an interesting educational video about building a frame house with your own hands (a video with a step-by-step demonstration of technological operations).

It is important that the result is of high quality. If I build a frame house with my own hands, then I do everything reliably and correctly.

Frame construction is rapidly gaining popularity among Russian developers. The main reason for this is the low price of buildings. As well as their availability, ease of construction work. Being an innovation on the territory of Russia, skeletons have been built for several decades in Canada and the Scandinavian countries. Construction technologies on different continents are different. Frame houses in Canada differ from similar structures in Finland and Scandinavia.

What is a frame house

The building, which is based on a solid supporting frame, is called a frame. The supporting base of the building can be made of any durable material - logs or metal supports. The main requirement for load-bearing supports is strength. They must withstand the weight of the walls and roof of the house for a long time, resist wind and rain loads. This is the most important element of the structure, which determined the name of the construction technology - frame.

On a note

To build walls, panels are hung over vertical supports. OSB is often used as the outer and inner skin of the frame; fiberboard, chipboard, MDF, corkboard, plywood are also suitable.

For the heat capacity of the building, the walls of which are made of wood substitute (OSB, MDF), the space between the outer and inner skins is filled with insulation. The choice of insulation material is determined by the technological features of the project. The insulator is subject to the requirements of heat capacity and the ability to provide natural ventilation of the internal space. Most insulating materials cannot combine both characteristics.

The technology of building a frame house is simple and affordable. Everything is clearly defined in it. Their implementation is simple and affordable even without professional construction skills.

Construction features

The heat capacity of a frame house is determined by the choice of insulating material and the correct calculation of its thickness. The choice of insulation is carried out between the following main groups:

• Cotton wool insulation - this includes any construction wool: glass wool, slag wool, mineral stone wool made of granite, basalt.
• Styrofoam, better known as Styrofoam.
• Polyurethane foams, which are compared with foam rubber.

Floor insulation with mineral wool.

Each of these insulators has its own advantages and disadvantages. Construction wool - are breathable material, they can provide natural air exchange. However, along with air, wet steam penetrates into the pores of the insulating material. When wet or damp, construction wool loses its heat-insulating properties. This causes the cotton to be wrapped. This limits the natural air exchange through the wall.

On a note

Expanded polystyrene - has a low price and almost complete airtightness. This is the most inexpensive and most affordable insulation for most of the population. However, almost always it requires the construction of forced ventilation.

Polyurethane foam is a new technology in which insulation is applied by spraying. It is airtight and expensive, requires professional equipment, skills, abilities and protective equipment. However, it allows you to combine insulation with leveling the inner surface of the wall and roof, to seal joints and cracks with high quality.

Types of construction

Frame construction includes two main technologies for building houses:

1. Classic frame technology- implies the construction of a frame and hanging wall panels on it directly at the construction site. At the same time, the wall panel is not a ready-made insulated “pie”. This is a shield that requires additional thermal insulation, moisture and wind protection, and finishing. The technology for building a frame house in stages consists of a list of sequential operations: building a foundation, assembling a frame, hanging a roof, cladding, insulation and finishing.
2. Frame-panel technology- implies the absence of a preliminary frame and the assembly of the house exclusively from finished panels. In this technology, the bearing load is performed by factory panels. They are made in the form of ready-to-build elements with an insulated inner frame.

On a note

Each construction method has features, disadvantages and advantages. What is important to know about the classic frame and its analogue - the frame-panel structure?

Frame and panel construction

Known to residents of the post-Soviet space as panel buildings. For a quality assembly, panel adjustment is necessary. And for this - the exact execution of the dimensions of the panel boards at the factory. The mentality of Russian builders leads to the fact that factory panels are not always made with high quality.

Frame-panel house.

Insulation of factory panels uses expanded polystyrenes (polyfoams). This is not the best choice for residential buildings. This material, firstly, blocks natural air exchange, and therefore becomes the cause of mold in the corners of rooms. In addition, foam plastics form synthetic toxic fumes, which requires high-quality insulation of the insulation from the interior living space.

Frame-frame construction

The term "frame-frame" refers to the classic frame method of construction. This method is used to build houses using Canadian technology. What are the advantages of a classic frame house over a panel building?

Design freedom

Frame construction gives scope for design creativity. Since the frame of the building holds the bearing loads, the walls of the future house can be made of any materials and arranged in various ways. If in a traditional brick building the load lies on the outer walls and internal capital walls, then in the frame, the supports of the supporting frame are loaded. Therefore, the outer wall can be glass, straw or lined with a quarter of a brick.

With brick ground floor.

The location of the internal walls also does not determine the strength of the structure. Therefore, they can be moved, re-equipped, and the location of internal rooms can be changed even after construction is completed. You can make a large hall or hall or divide the floor into several small office spaces. In addition, different floor plans are possible.

On a note

Who works on the technology of building a frame house with their own hands and is not a professional builder: it is desirable to provide for the placement of household rooms in the same way. Restrooms on different floors should be located one above the other in accordance with the requirements of sanitary standards, as well as for the convenience of supplying water supply and sewerage.

Among the heaters that are used in modern frame construction, construction wool has an advantage due to the possibility of air exchange. Which makes the indoor atmosphere healthier and more suitable for human habitation.

Classical frame construction uses building wool to insulate the walls of the house. More often than others, mineral wool mats are used. They are dense slabs that do not shrink over time, do not sag, do not form voids in the wall of the house. At the same time, they provide air exchange and qualitatively insulate the structure.

The quality and price of the building

The classic frame technology allows you to build better houses, choose any insulating material that is suitable for climatic conditions and its thickness. Also, the quality and heat capacity of buildings is determined by the absence of joints, cracks, gaps in the walls.

Frame-frame construction.

Construction according to classical technology is cheaper. While frame-panel buildings in high-quality performance are comparable in cost to brick ones. Which calls into question the feasibility of using panel shield technology.

Canadian frame building

It is an example of a classic frame house. In it, the house is built from individual elements. Which takes a little longer than the Finnish frame technology. But it gives greater freedom to design solutions, allows you to get better and warmer buildings.

Canadian technology for the construction of frame houses often uses wooden beams for frame construction, and wooden boards for exterior and interior wall cladding. Thus, apart from the insulation, all other elements of the structure are natural. That provides the interior space of living rooms with a healthy atmosphere.

Canadian technology construction is better suited to the temperate continental climate where forests grow, and the price of construction wood is affordable. Also, this technology gives better results in the performance of Russian builders.

Finnish frame construction

Frame houses according to Finnish technology are panel buildings. A typical example of construction is the assembly of a house from the so-called SIP panels. These are a kind of "bricks" that are made at the factory from two sheets of OSB and foam insulation. The thickness of the foam inside the panel determines the heat capacity of the future wall. 5 mm foam is enough for winters with an average temperature of around 0°C. 10 cm - for regions with colder temperatures down to -5.

Our step by step instructions We will divide the construction of a frame house into several stages:

It is worth noting that each stage of the construction of a frame house deserves a separate article, in addition to everything, if you describe all the possible options for foundations, roofs, etc., you can get a whole book. In this regard, to improve readability, some steps in construction are described in detail in separate articles, but here - only what concerns the features specifically. frame house.

Step number 1: Preparatory work for the construction of a frame house

The preparatory work for the construction of any house is the same and includes:

1. Site preparation
2. House layout

Site preparation

First you need to clear the site of vegetation, if not all, then at least the place where the house will be built. This will greatly facilitate the markup and make it more accurate.

If the construction site has a large slope, then, depending on the type of foundation and desire, it can be pre-leveled on the horizon using special equipment.

Attention! Do not neglect this procedure, spending 1-2 hours on clearing, in the future you will greatly facilitate your work, and measurements in the grass can be with a large error.

House layout

Marking is a very important stage, because the layout and evenness of the corners of the walls depend on it. With inaccurate markup, it will be very difficult to correct this error in the next steps.

Marking the foundation of a frame house, as well as any other, as a rule, includes a preliminary placement of pegs (all external walls are marked), as well as marking all internal walls.

If you want to know how to properly mark the foundation for a house with your own hands, and so that all walls and corners are even and in line with the project, I advise you to read my article about this. Given the large amount of information, I had to take it out separately.

Step number 2: Do-it-yourself foundation for a frame house

The great advantage of a frame house is that almost any type of foundation is suitable for its construction. The only limitation is the type of soil on the site and your capabilities.

It is worth saying that laying the foundation for a frame house with your own hands deserves separate topics of discussion and is included in separate articles. Moreover, there are several types of suitable foundations, and which one to choose is up to you.

Here I will briefly talk about suitable foundations for a frame house, and about the cases in which each of them is used, as well as give links to their detailed description.

The most common type of foundation for a frame house is a pile-screw. This is practically the easiest and cheapest option for such a house, especially since it is not difficult to install a pile-screw foundation with your own hands.

Such a foundation is suitable for almost any soil, except for rocky ones. Particularly well suited for swampy soils, where dense soil rocks are deep and other types are very expensive.

In general, all the pros and cons of pile-screw foundations are discussed in another topic that will help you decide on the choice of support for your home.

Shallow strip foundation

Shallow strip foundation, also used for construction quite often. This is due to the relatively low cost of laying it, as well as the possibility of using concrete floors in the house.

Such a foundation, due to its relative fragility, requires precise adherence to the laying technology.

As a rule, a shallow strip foundation is used in good soils, and is strictly contraindicated on soil with a very high level of groundwater and swampy soils.

Slab foundation for a frame house

Recently, a slab foundation is gaining more and more popularity for the construction of a frame house with their own hands. Despite its low cost, it has obvious advantages, such as versatility, reliability, durability, and it can also be used as a subfloor in the house and not be spent on it separately.

Often, instead of a classic monolithic slab, a slab foundation with stiffeners is used. This allows you to save a little on laying, and also strengthens the entire structure as a whole.

Step number 3: Do-it-yourself frame house flooring

The floors in a frame house are not much different from the floors of other types of houses and can be wooden or concrete. The choice depends entirely on the type of foundation, capabilities and desires.

In this step-by-step instruction, we will consider in detail only a wooden floor, concrete - in a nutshell, since it is used less often, and it is not possible to fit everything in one article.

Concrete floor installation

It is worth noting that the concrete floor in the frame house is arranged, in cases of a slab foundation, or a strip one. Everything is clear with the slab - the slab itself will be the floor of the first floor.

But if the foundation is strip - the concrete floor is made of lightweight concrete, such as expanded clay concrete, for example.

Wooden floor installation

Let's look at the device of a wooden floor using the example of a pile-screw foundation. For a tape, in principle, everything is done in exactly the same way, with the exception of the lower trim, it can be from a thinner beam. But first things first.

Tying the foundation of a frame house

The device of a wooden floor begins with the binding of the foundation. As a rule, the strapping is made of timber 150x150 or 150x200, depending on the thickness of the wall and the distance between the piles. The greater the distance, the thicker the beam must be to avoid sagging.

The strapping is necessary, firstly, in order to give rigidity to the foundation, and secondly, to evenly distribute the load on the foundation, and thirdly, it will serve as a support for the future floor of the frame house.

In order to easily carry out the strapping process with your own hands, we divide it into several stages:

1. The beam is laid out along the perimeter of the foundation, the length of the walls and diagonals are checked. At this stage, the final and accurate marking of the walls is carried out, according to the project. By the way, do not forget about the waterproofing, which we put under the harness in the form of roofing material.
   
2. The next step is to outline the points of joining the timber, they should be located on the pile, as these will be the weakest points that should not “hang”. This applies to houses whose walls are longer than the length of the purchased beams.
   
3. The beam is joined with an overlap of 20-30 cm, as shown in the photo. To do this, the so-called "locks" are cut out from the end.
   
4. The corners are joined in almost exactly the same way. This is clearly visible in the photo.
   
5. The beam is attached to the foundation with bolts or studs. To do this, it is necessary to drill holes, both in the head of the foundation and in the beam itself. For ease of further installation, protruding parts - bolt heads or nuts with studs - must be deepened. The joints are additionally punched with nails of 150 mm or 200 mm, depending on the size of the beam.
   
6. Once the perimeter is ready, we move on to the final step - tying the foundation under the inner walls of the frame house. This bar, to the already installed outer one, is attached in the same way. For reinforcement, you can additionally apply mounting metal corners.
   

When the binding of the foundation of the frame house is ready, we proceed to the next step in our instructions - the construction of the floor frame.

Floor frame in the house

It is worth noting that already at this stage it is desirable to provide for all communications entering the house, such as water and sewerage. Electricity and gas can be supplied later, but if everything is foreseen in advance, there will be much less problems later.

The next step is to install the lag, on top of the harness. If the distance between the supports is about 4 meters, then it would be better to use a beam measuring 100x200mm or 100x150mm. You can use a board 50x200mm or 50x150mm, stitching them in two.

If the distance is less than 3 meters, you can use a board with a size of 50x150mm or better 50x200mm.

Installing a log is a simple step in assembling a frame house, but there are some nuances that need to be provided for in this manual:

Do-it-yourself waterproofing and insulation of the floor of a frame house

It is worth noting that waterproofing, as well as vapor barrier, should be installed with an overlap, according to the instructions for the material, while eliminating the ingress of moisture into the insulation, both from the outside and from the inside. And the insulation itself fits tightly, without cracks.

So we reviewed the instructions for arranging the floor of a frame house, now it's time to start on the walls.

Step number 4: Arranging the walls of a frame house

The next step of our instructions will install the walls with your own hands. Just like with the floor, we will fasten all boards and beams with nails and (or) mounting metal corners, some fastenings can be made with studs.

It should be noted that almost the entire frame is assembled from a board measuring 50x150mm or 50x200mm, depending on the required wall thickness and the required thickness of the insulation.

Some people think that it would be better to install a beam at the corners of a frame house, but this is not entirely correct, and why - a little later, during the installation process, I will tell you about everything.

So, let's start assembling the frame of the walls of the future house.

For a better understanding and assimilation, we will divide our instructions for arranging the walls of a frame house into several stages:

1. Assembling the walls of a frame house. Windows and doors
2. Installation and fastening of walls vertically in place

Assembling the walls of a frame house with your own hands. Windows and doors

We will assemble the walls on the finished floor of the frame house, this is the most convenient option. But it must be taken into account that in this case, it is necessary that all dimensions are accurate so that the walls do not turn out to be longer or shorter than the already arranged floor.

To understand what I'm talking about, first look at sectional wall of a frame house and then I'll talk about everything in order.

Now we will analyze step by step how to assemble all the walls of a frame house with our own hands:

1. First of all, we need to decide on the height of the ceiling in the house. Let's say that the height of the draft ceiling will be 280cm. This means that the vertical racks of the frame walls should be 280-15 = 265 cm. The diagram shows where 15 cm came from.
   
2. The distance between the uprights, as a rule, is chosen based on the width of the insulation sheet, as a rule, its width is 60 cm. If the insulation is on a cotton basis, then the distance is 2 cm less for closer contact.
   
3. The top and bottom boards of the wall are laid out on the floor and the places where the vertical posts will be nailed are marked. Then the racks themselves are laid out and pierced with nails 120-150mm. You can additionally fasten them with corners.
   
4. It is worth noting that each wall will be less than the thickness of the wall than the length of the floor. This is clearly visible on the diagram.
   
5. If the length of the wall is greater than the length of the board, then the wall is assembled from several parts. This is also done in cases where there are few helpers, because the whole assembled wall will have a lot of weight.
   
6. As a rule, jumpers are mounted between the racks to stiffen the entire structure. There are no strict rules on the number and frequency of installation, it all depends on the length and height of the walls, but usually they break through one or two per gap between the racks. The second option is better and is visible in the photo, in the case when they break through one at a time - they are mounted in a checkerboard pattern (one at the bottom, the next at the top). This can be done later, when the walls are installed. Most often, jumpers are made with the expectation that they will serve as a joint for plywood or osb-boards, depending on further work.
   
7. Window and door openings in the wall of the frame house are arranged as shown in the diagram.
   
8. This is what it looks like in real life.
   

The most common mistake when assembling the walls of a frame house is that many people forget to take into account the thickness of the board in the calculations, thus the wall is not as long as we would like.

Putting the walls in place

It is worth noting that when assembling the walls, it is necessary to use a cord, pulling it from one corner to another, otherwise, the corners will be even, but the walls will not.

Upper harness and structural reinforcement

So, the wall frame is assembled, now it is necessary to make the upper trim from the same board as the walls.

The upper trim is necessary, first of all, for a stronger adhesion of the corners, and also gives unity to all parts of the frame walls and distributes the load between them.

To do this, it is necessary to pierce the board with 120-150 mm nails over the walls, around the entire perimeter, including internal bearings, so that all joints are blocked with an overlap of at least 25-30 cm. Except for corners where the overlap will be equal to the wall thickness.

The next step in our instructions will be to strengthen the entire structure as a whole. There are several options, the most common is reinforcement with plywood or OSB-plate.

As a rule, having broken one side around the entire perimeter (internal or external) with sheets of OSB-plate, the frame of the house already becomes very rigid.

Internal partitions of a frame house

The device of internal partitions is almost no different from the device of external walls, except that they have softer requirements in terms of thickness and insulation.

1. Internal partitions, unlike external walls, can be made thinner. Everything will depend on preferences and comfort for soundproofing.
2. The insulation, inside the partitions, will serve, first of all, as a sound-absorbing material, rather than as thermal insulation.
3. It is allowed to insulate internal partitions without waterproofing and vapor barrier materials.

These are all the main differences between the internal walls and the external ones, otherwise they are arranged in exactly the same way.

Step #5: Frame House Roof

The roof of a frame house is practically no different from the roof for other houses, be it concrete, brick or any other. I will even say more, the installation of a roof for a frame house will be less laborious than, for example, for a block or brick house, because its fastening to the walls will be much easier.

It is worth noting that the construction of the roof is a very responsible process, but if you do not have a complicated layout of the house, then you can easily do it yourself.

Building the roof of any house, including a frame house, is a very big topic, where there are many nuances. Firstly, there are many types of roofs, and it is not possible to describe everything in detail in one article. And secondly, in order not to confuse you, I, perhaps, will transfer this topic to a separate article.

Step number 6: Warming the frame house

So we got to the final stage of building a frame house - its insulation. Everything needs to be insulated - the floor, walls and ceiling.

You can read more about insulating a frame house with your own hands in another step-by-step instruction, here we will discuss only general points.

When choosing a heater for the walls of a frame house, it is necessary to take into account not only the characteristics of the heater itself, but also the features of the tree, with which not all types of insulation will interact well.

Here is a small instruction for warming a frame house with your own hands:

1. Outside, over the OSB sheets, a special waterproofing membrane is stretched. Which side - should be in the instructions for it.
2. Inside the house, between the racks, insulation is laid, in several layers, depending on the requirements for the house and the thickness of the wall. Each layer is laid with an overlap on the joint of the previous one in order to avoid cold bridges.
3. Floor insulation works in the same way.
4. It is better to insulate the ceiling from the attic, after filling the vapor barrier film from below onto the ceiling beams and hemming them with a board or plywood.
5. After laying the insulation, it is necessary to fill a vapor barrier film on top of it, it will protect the insulation from moisture from the inside.
6. Depending on the needs and further finishing work, sheathing material is stuffed on top of the film on the walls - a board or slats, but most often - OSB sheets, on top of which, in the future, a fine finish is carried out.

As you can see, there is a lot of text. But, I believe, all stages of construction have been described in detail here. do-it-yourself frame house, despite the fact that some points have been moved to separate topics, but this is only for your convenience.

I hope that by following this step-by-step instruction, you will be able to acquire a warm, cozy and reliable home without much difficulty and at minimal cost.

As the name implies, a frame house is a structure based on a frame. The frame is made of thick wooden beam or metal. The material for the construction of walls is usually SIP panels or boards.

Projects of frame-type houses are sets of documents that contain complete information about the future building. They consist of two sections: architectural and constructive. The first shows the appearance of the building from different angles. The second contains building plans, diagrams, drawings, specifications, estimates, installation instructions. Moreover, this applies not only to building structures, the main communications (electrical, plumbing, ventilation) are also taken into account.

The construction of a frame house in the context

Advantages and disadvantages of frame houses

In terms of reliability and strength, frame houses are not inferior to buildings made of other materials. Them Main advantages:

• Low cost and short construction time.
• The strength of the connection of building elements to each other. Due to this, the building is less susceptible to damage as a result of shrinkage on problematic soils. Errors in construction and damage do not cause serious consequences.
• Complicated technological processes for finishing are not required, finishing work can be done all year round.
• The design is lightweight, which makes it possible to do without a powerful foundation.
• Good thermal insulation of the walls allows you to quickly warm up the premises and save on heating.
• The design of the walls allows you to hide all communications.
• Architectural possibilities are limited only by imagination, you can create almost any configuration.

Modern frame houses are often built in modern or high-tech styles. Source houzz.com

But the "skeletons" also have certain weak sides. But "forewarned is forearmed" - for every shortcoming there is a successful example of solving the problem:

• Short service life. GOST states that the service life of frame houses is 75 years. But, if repairs are made every 25 years and the structure is carefully treated, it will last more than a century.
• Low environmental friendliness. Not all materials used in construction are made from natural ingredients. For example, SIP panels are made using synthetic adhesives; expanded polystyrene is used as a heater inside them. This moment is rather controversial, it is unlikely that it will be possible to find a completely eco-friendly house at the present time. In the end, it all depends on the quality of the materials used, and hence on the conscientiousness of the construction company.
• Low sound insulation. This should be remembered if construction is planned near railway lines, highways or airports. The problem is solved simply - it is necessary to select a suitable soundproofing material before the start of construction.
• susceptibility to decay. With increased humidity, the tree begins to collapse, mold and fungus appear. Timely treatment with antiseptics completely solves this problem.

The initial processing of materials is carried out at the production stage Source bg.decorexpro.com

• fire hazard. Any structure made of wood contributes to the spread of fire. Special fire-fighting compounds come to the rescue, with which wooden surfaces are processed.

Types of frame construction

Before you buy a frame house project, you need to figure out what types of frame houses are. There are 4 main types, all other varieties are a combination of elements from different modifications in one building. The following types of buildings are used:

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of frame houses from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Frame houses from a frame with ceilings

Such buildings are also called "Canadian houses". It is believed that when they were developed in Russia, Canadian building codes were taken as a basis.

The main difference is that they consist of several layers. Each layer is a floor fixed on its platform base. The basis (strapping) of the first floor is usually called the basement floor. The name is conditional, the building may be without a basement. The strapping is mounted immediately on the foundation and acts as a support for the floor bars connected by lags. Thus, a shield is obtained that looks like a pallet for transporting and storing goods.

Overlapping on the frame of a frame house Source assz.ru

Vertical bars are the main load-bearing structures. At the bottom they are attached to horizontal beams, at the top they are connected by the same beams, creating the basis for the second floor.

Frame houses with continuous racks

Such buildings are also called Finnish. It is not known whether they were invented in Finland or not, but it is there and on the territory of the countries adjacent to it that they are widespread.

They differ from other types in that their main bearing element is solid vertical buildings passing through two floors (hence the name - continuous). Ceilings between floors are mounted on support boards cut into the main posts at the level of the second floor. The boards are not only a support, they pull the racks together, thereby increasing the overall strength of the structure.

During the construction of continuous racks, special attention must be paid to the correct installation. If even a slight deviation to the side on the first floor is allowed, the construction of the second floor will be very difficult, or impossible at all.

Vertical racks are the basis for the whole house Source kayabaparts.ru

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of building frame houses. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Houses of post-and-beam type

This type of buildings is common in Germany, they are also called half-timbered. In appearance, they are easy to distinguish from others - all the outer pillars, transverse and inclined beams of the walls are visible from the outside. The service life is longer than other houses. There are architectural monuments, whose age is 5-6 centuries.

In these structures, only thick-section bars are used. They make not only vertical racks, but horizontal ceilings and diagonal supports. This is the main difference; in other structures, boards of a smaller section are used for floors and logs.

The construction of such houses is more time consuming due to the fact that the details of the structures are attached using mortise joints. But, there are projects of small frame houses in which the beams are bolted.

Frame house of rack-and-beam type Source piorit.ru

Frame and rack structures

Unlike the above buildings, the vertical racks of such structures not only support walls and ceilings. Additionally, they are used as piles. They are hammered into the ground or placed on concrete supports. This makes it possible to raise the structure above ground level. This feature will be useful when building buildings in wetlands or in flood zones. Another advantage is good ventilation of the lower part of the house. Boards remain dry, which prevents the formation of mold and mildew.

In houses of this type, the load from the roof and transverse ceilings is evenly distributed on the vertical racks. Doors, windows or insulated panels are mounted in the space between them. If additional reinforcement is required, diagonal supports are installed.

The entire frame of the house rests on powerful racks Source stroy-podskazka.ru

What is included in the basic package of the project

Houses with a size of 6x8 m are considered to be a standard building. Different suppliers offer both standard projects and individual ones, taking into account the wishes of the customer. But, despite all the differences in architecture and design, there is the concept of a basic configuration. It includes:

• floors- logs, ceilings, vapor barrier film, floorboards (rough and finish).
• Walls- load-bearing timber, wall panels, insulation, finishing materials, decorative elements.
• Interfloor ceilings- floor logs for the floor of the second floor, vapor barrier film, floorboards (rough and finish).
• Windows and doors with architraves and slopes.
• Roof- rafters, lathing, roofing material (usually metal tiles), insulation, wind-moisture protective film, finishing materials.

Note! The foundation is usually not included in the basic designs of houses using frame technology. This is due to the fact that it is possible to select the required type of foundation only after examining the construction site. In some cases, geological surveys may be required. This is especially true for problematic soils (high moisture content, thick layer of humus, alumina).

Competently conducted geological surveys are the key to a high-quality foundation at the lowest possible price Source smrte.ru

If it is planned to build a house higher than one floor, it is better to entrust such work to specialists, the wrong choice can bring serious disappointments in the future.

Stages of assembling a frame house

The construction technology resembles the classic construction of a wooden house, but there are differences. The sequence is as follows:

• Foundation construction and waterproofing.
• Tying the house (installation of the crown crown).
• Frame preparation and assembly.
• Floor covering.
• Installation of wall structures.
• Installation of interfloor ceilings.
• Roofing material flooring.
• Installation of windows and doors.
• Insulation and exterior finish.

The most critical stages are the foundation and installation of supporting structures. Why is the foundation important? Particular attention is paid to the accuracy of assembly and installation of the frame, because it serves as the basis for the entire structure. Any distortion or deviation from the level in the future will create difficulties when installing other elements.

Video description

Visually watch a step-by-step demonstration of the construction of a frame house in the following video:

Is it possible to make changes to already finished projects

Very often, customers are not satisfied with typical projects, and they want to make certain changes to them. All organizations that develop projects can do this. The only question is whether they will do it for free.

It happens that changes to the future owner of the house seem insignificant, and they can be carried out by pressing two or three keys, then the program will do everything. In practice, it may turn out that in order to implement the plan, it is necessary to make a new project.

For example, the designer will agree to recalculate the material for insulation or change the purpose of the premises for free. Add a porch or porch from another project, remove a door or window - in most cases, but not always. If you need to change the size of the house - hardly. To do this, you will need to recalculate the dimensions of all load-bearing structures, floors, foundations, and facades. True, such cases are quite rare, any catalog of frame house projects allows everyone to choose either a standard project or, with minor changes, adapt it for themselves.

Video description

In the following video, see what a full-fledged frame house project is:

How to choose the right house design for permanent residence

Buildings for permanent residence suggest the possibility of their operation at any time of the year, both in the heat in summer and in the cold in winter. When designing a future home, you need to pay special attention to this. If there is no need to live in a building at low temperatures, you can save on thermal insulation. In order for the summer heat not to interfere with a comfortable stay in the house, a small layer of this material is enough. If it is supposed to be a permanent stay of people, it is necessary to provide such a thickness that heat is retained even at the lowest temperatures. For the central strip of Russia, the thickness of the insulation is recommended to be at least 150 mm, 200 mm is considered optimal.

Video description

Conclusion

Properly made (in compliance with all technology requirements) frame structures cannot be called the cheapest. Before building a house using frame technology, projects and prices for materials can be viewed in the supplier's catalog and assess your financial capabilities. But, their undeniable advantages are a variety of options for execution and construction technologies. This gives everyone the opportunity to choose the best option for themselves.

The situation when a large beautiful house grows on an empty plot of land in just a few months is probably familiar to many of us. No, the point is not the financial capabilities of the owner of the building, but the applied one. With the use of this technology, it is possible not only to significantly reduce the construction time, but also to reduce the cost of purchasing materials and ordering special equipment.

Tens of thousands of proposals are available on the wooden housing market today from developer companies that specialize in the construction of frame houses using Canadian, Finnish and SIP technologies. Each of them guarantees high-quality turnkey work, a European level of service and an individual approach to each client. But is it possible to build, for example, a one-story do-it-yourself frame house? Answer: yes, it is possible! To do this, you will need a project and our step-by-step instructions for a general understanding of the construction process.

Project preparation

Design is the most important link in the investment process associated with the construction of a frame house. Through the implementation of this task, many technological, engineering, constructive and architectural solutions are solved, which together determine the effectiveness of investments. Therefore, it is so important to entrust this part of the work to specialists and use the services of designers who will prepare a project for you for a fee.

What is usually included in a project? A standard frame house project includes two parts. This is a visual component and constructive building. The first part is mainly devoted to the visual display of the house and its facades from several sides, the layout of the floors indicating the premises, the placement of window and door openings. The second part is already a detailed design of the foundation and truss system, a roof pie, drawings of walls, floor beams and ceilings. Also included here is an estimate for the amount of materials, a project for all nodes in the structure, wall and floor cladding.

By having a detailed design, you can avoid the hassle of including inefficient square footage, lots of trimmings, and wasting money. Of course, you can create a frame house project with your own hands. But this will require, at a minimum, to study the special literature on the design and construction of "frameworks". And this time, a lot of effort and possible mistakes!

In our opinion, the importance of design cannot be overestimated. Saving on this part of the work, you risk incurring large costs. After all, an unsuccessful or incorrect project is not only a house that is far from ideal, but also a waste of investment!

Calculation and order of materials

As a rule, the calculation of building materials is included in the tasks of the designer. But preliminary calculations can be done independently. If drawings (beam decks, frame) are already ready for a frame house, then it is quite simple to calculate the amount of materials. For example, based on the drawings, you can find out how many meters of strapping and frame supports are required.

In the absence of special drawings, they proceed from the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe lower and upper floors, as well as the number of running meters of walls. To determine the number of frame supports, the linear meters of the walls are divided by 0.6. For strapping, the volume of material is calculated by multiplying the length of the running meters by 3. The same is done with the number of beams in meters: for this, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe lower and upper floors is divided by 0.6 and added to the length of the strapping beams. However, these indicators are still recommended to be clarified with the designer. Then the calculation will be more correct.

Foundation device: MZFL and pile-screw

Ease of construction is one of the main differences between a frame house and a classic brick house, which affects the choice of foundation. The weight of the "skeleton" usually does not exceed 20 tons, this makes it possible to reduce the cost of the structure, not to deepen the foundation and not to make it massive. Most often, this is MZFL (shallow strip foundation) for frame-panel houses or a pile-screw foundation for SIP houses designed according to.

1. A strip foundation is a concrete strip that runs under all the load-bearing walls of the house, both external and internal. Strengthening - reinforcing cage. This is the preferred option for a frame house, due to which the customer can afford to build a basement or basement. The secret of the popularity of the MZLF also lies in the ease of construction with your own hands and the affordability of the price.

The main stages of installing a strip foundation include:

• Soil preparation, followed by removal of the fertile layer and leveling the surface;
• Creation of a sand and gravel cushion and installation of mortgages for laying communications;
• Installation of formwork and waterproofing, manufacturing of reinforcing cage;
• Pouring concrete mix;
• Dismantling the formwork after the concrete has hardened and gained strength.

A prerequisite for MZLF is the absence of a high level of groundwater. Otherwise, an effective drainage system will be required.

2. It costs the customer much less than MZLF, which is explained by the use of a fundamentally different approach, less expensive materials and simplified installation technology. You can actually get a high-quality and durable foundation of a frame house with your own hands in one day, and it can be used immediately after installation.

The installation of a pile-screw foundation begins with a study of the soil to indicate the depth of the bearing words and determine the required length and number of screw piles. The project is being finalized taking into account the characteristics of the soil and the indicated length of the piles. Based on this, piles are purchased and delivered to the construction site. Installation of this type of foundation is carried out according to the plan of the pile field, regardless of the season.

Its advantage lies not only in the speed of installation, but also in the absence of harm to the landscape due to the absence of sand and gravel preparation and earthworks. There are no traces of heavy special equipment, the usual mountains of construction debris and dirt. In addition, the use of screw piles contributes to the creation of an air gap under the house, which prevents the appearance of dampness in the room and retains heat.

Floor device

Building a floor in a frame house with your own hands does not differ much from flooring in brick houses and can be wooden or concrete. The choice may be influenced by the type of foundation, financial capabilities and preferences of the developer.

Let us dwell in more detail on the installation of a wooden floor with our own hands based on a pile-screw foundation.

The start of work is the binding of the foundation, which is carried out using a beam of 150x150 or 150x200, which depends on the distance between the piles and the thickness of the walls. The higher these figures, the thicker the material should be. This is necessary to avoid cases of sagging, load distribution, stiffening and reliability of the foundation for the next stage of flooring.

Schematically, the process of tying the foundation with your own hands can be divided into several stages:

1. The layout of the timber along the perimeter, the exact marking of the walls, the lining of the roofing material for the strapping;
2. Basting of the joints of the timber, taking into account the location of the piles;
3. Joining a beam with an overlap of up to 30 cm using "locks" cut from the end;
4. Docking corners according to a similar principle;
5. Preparation of holes and fixing the beam to the foundation using studs and bolts, the protruding parts of which are recessed. At the joints, nails of suitable sizes are additionally used.

At the final stage, the strapping is carried out under the inner walls. In this case, the fastening of the beam goes to the already installed outer one. For reinforcement, metal corners are additionally used.

Floor frame construction

Logs are installed over the strapping. For this, timber 100x150 (200) or stitched boards 50x150 (200) are used. This is a simple part of assembling a frame house with your own hands, but it involves observing some points. This:

• Compliance with the distance between the lags, taking into account the size of the insulation. For example, if the developer uses mineral wool 100x60, for its dense placement, it will be necessary to reduce the distance to 58 cm, i.e. a few centimeters less than the width of the material itself;

• Installation of the lag is carried out using fixing angles and nails. They do not go to the level with the strapping, but are mounted on a smaller “matchbox” (5 cm). This is necessary so that in the future another board fits here, and all the gaps around the perimeter are closed;

An obligatory element is also a board 50x150 (200) between the lags, which is nailed in order to increase the rigidity of the structure.

Floor insulation and waterproofing

Perpendicular to the lags, a board 100/150x25 is attached to the joint using self-tapping screws. Next, a waterproofing membrane is placed, and on top of it between the lags - a heater, up to 20 cm thick. All joints of the insulation must be overlapped.

The next layer is a vapor barrier, followed by an OSB board or tightly stitched boards (at the choice of the developer). Installation of vapor barrier, as well as waterproofing, is carried out with an overlap to prevent moisture from entering the insulation.

Wall arrangement

For mounting the walls of a frame house with your own hands, nails and mounting angles are similarly used. It is also possible to use pins. For the frame of the walls, a board 50x150/200 is used, which is selected taking into account the thickness of the insulation and the wall itself.

Ideally, the walls are assembled on a finished floor. The main thing is that the dimensions are accurate, otherwise the walls run the risk of being longer or shorter than the floor. In order for you to understand what is at stake, pay attention to how the wall of a frame house looks in section.

First of all, you need to decide on the height of the ceiling of the future frame house. Suppose that the draft ceiling will be 280 cm high. This means that the height of the vertical racks will be 265 cm (10 cm from the upper wall trim and 5 cm from the floor level are not taken into account).

A distance of 60 cm is observed between the racks. For a cotton-based insulation, this figure can be reduced to 58 cm to ensure tighter contact. To simplify the process, the top and bottom boards of the walls are laid out on the floor, after which markings are applied where the vertical racks will be nailed.

If the length of the wall of such a board is exceeded, the collection of the wall is carried out in parts. This is also done in cases where the developer works alone, since the whole wall assembly has considerable weight. Studs are used for connection.

The next step is the installation of jumpers between the racks while maintaining space for door and window openings. As a rule, these are two units per gap, with the expectation that they will be used as a joint of the OSB-plate.

Important! In order not to make mistakes in the calculations and make the wall of the desired thickness, the thickness of the board used should be taken into account during the assembly of the wall.

The final stage is the assembly of all the walls of the frame house with subsequent installation. They start by putting up one wall, which is reinforced with temporary supports. Here it is important to follow the vertical angles, for which they use a plumb line or a long level. It is desirable, of course, that this be a plumb line, since the board cannot be perfectly flat.

All other walls rise in turn. For installation, nails and studs are used. Prefabricated walls (of several parts) are given special attention, making sure that the length of the bottom and top is the same. Instead of timber, the corners are filled with insulation. To strengthen the walls, use any thin board that is nailed diagonally. A cord that is pulled between two corners will help to follow the even arrangement of the walls.

Top harness

To strengthen the structure and secure adhesion of the corners, use the same board as for the walls, plus 120 mm nails. This will distribute the load between all parts of the frame walls. The strapping is carried out around the entire perimeter, including over the internal load-bearing walls. Here it is important to close all joints, leaving an overlap of 25 cm. For corners, the overlap will be equal to the thickness of the walls.

Interior partitions

The installation of interior partitions is similar to the arrangement of external walls, with the caveat that the requirements for them regarding insulation and the thickness itself are put forward softer. Therefore, they are mounted in such a way that sound insulation is observed.

The best assistant in this regard is a heater. Waterproofing and vapor barrier materials can be used as desired.

Do-it-yourself installation of the roof of a frame house

Installation is in many ways similar to the construction of a roof in other houses, but still surpasses them in ease of installation, which is explained by simplified fastening to the walls. This is a very important part of the work, especially when it comes to building a two-story frame house, but if you have a simple house layout and a one-story building, then you can easily handle it alone and do everything yourself.

We will not delve into the description of all stages of roof installation here, since this is a very extensive topic that requires a separate article, but we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the step-by-step instructions for building a frame house, which describes in detail all the stages of construction, including the arrangement of the roof.

Download the guide “Individual house “Platform”. Design and construction»

Do-it-yourself warming of a frame house

One of the final stages of construction. Everything is insulated, including walls, floors and ceilings. When choosing a heater for the walls of a frame house with your own hands, they proceed from the characteristics of the material and the characteristics of the wood itself, with which the heater will go well.

Warming highlights:

• A special waterproofing membrane is stretched on top of the OSB-plates. The side of the application to the sheet is usually indicated in the instructions;
• The insulation is placed inside the building, between the racks. The number of layers depends on the thickness of the wall and the requirements for insulating a frame house with your own hands. To prevent the penetration of cold, an overlap is used;
• Floor insulation is carried out in a similar way;
• The insulation of the ceiling is preceded by the fastening of the vapor barrier film on the ceiling beams and their filing from below with a board. It is recommended to start work from the attic;
• A vapor barrier film is stuffed over the insulation to create protection from moisture from the inside.

If necessary, sheathing in the form of OSB sheets can be applied over the film, after which they proceed to the fine finish.

This concludes our step-by-step instructions for building a frame house. The company "South House" is ready to assist you in the construction of a frame house. For you, these are: individual design, turnkey construction, terrace or canopy installation, laying of any foundation, facade finishing, electrical work and installation of a drainage system.

If you have any questions related to obtaining a project, the possibility of making adjustments to it, calculating the cost of the project and building a house, you can contact the managers of our company at the indicated numbers. You can also leave a request by filling out a special form on our official website, after which our specialist will contact you to clarify the details.