We apply fertilizers for gooseberries and currants after harvesting. Top dressing currants after harvesting, how to feed in the fall How to feed currants after harvesting

The berry season is coming to an end. Juicy and tasty fruits of currant and gooseberry are collected and processed into compotes, jams, marmalades. The time has come to take care of the bushes themselves, which during this period lay fruit buds and need a balanced diet. We will tell you what fertilizers, and in what quantity, you need to apply in order to get a rich harvest next year.

How to feed currants

Currant loves both organic and mineral fertilizers. Young bushes do not feed for the first 3-4 years if the soil was well fertilized during planting. But when the plants are weak and poorly developed, nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied - urea or ammonium sulfate at the rate of 5-10 g per 1 sq.m.

Adult currant bushes that have already begun to produce a crop are fed 3-4 times per season, using organic and mineral fertilizers. During the flowering period, it is necessary to add 25-40 grams of urea under each bush.

During the period of pouring berries, feed with phosphorus and potash complex fertilizers. Repeat the introduction of nitrogen-containing urea, in the same proportion.

After harvesting, the bushes are watered with a solution containing phosphorus and potassium. To prepare it, 2 tbsp. superphosphate and the same amount of potassium sulfate are diluted in 10 liters of water. The consumption rate per plant is 25-30 liters. If the weather is rainy, fertilizers are applied dry.

On soils with high acidity (pH above 7), phosphorus-potassium fertilizers are replaced with ash - 3 cups per bush. Starting from the 3rd year of life, currants that have fruited once every 3-4 years are additionally fed with organic matter - an infusion of bird droppings or mullein, adding 3-4 liters for each plant.

Rules for feeding gooseberries

Gooseberries can bear fruit in one place for 8-10 years, taking a lot of minerals from the soil and impoverishing it. Therefore, in comparison with other berry plants, it requires more frequent and plentiful feeding.

In the first two years of life, young shrubs are fed only with nitrogenous fertilizers - 1 tbsp per 10 liters of water. urea and 2 tbsp. nitrophoska. The solution is introduced into a near-stem circle with a diameter of 80 cm.

Adult shrubs aged 3 to 6 years for good fruiting, minerals are needed. During the season, they are fed 3-4 times: during bud break, before flowering, and when fruits begin to set. But the most important is the final, August top dressing.

After picking berries, gooseberries need to accumulate useful elements in the roots and branches for laying fruit buds for the future harvest. For each square meter of planting, half a bucket of compost, 50 g of superphosphate, 25 g of potassium sulfate and the same amount of ammonium sulfate are added. For abundantly fruiting bushes, this rate is doubled, or organic matter is added 2-3 liters under each bush.

Fertilizers close up in the soil during loosening. The area outside the trunk circle is dug up, trying not to damage the roots. On acidic soils, sulfate is replaced with phosphate rock, increasing the rate by 25-30%, since it dissolves worse than superphosphate.

Currants black and colored respond well to top dressing. The main thing is to apply fertilizers on time, use different types of dressings and not abuse doses. Do not forget also that fertilizers prepared according to folk recipes cannot fully replace mineral fertilizers. It is better to alternate such fertilizers or apply them in combination.

Feeding dates for currants

Blackcurrant is advised to feed 5 times per season. Currant "color" is enough for 4 dressings per season. It has a more powerful root system and is less demanding on the soil.

1. For the first time in the season, currants are fed in early spring during the period when active growth begins.
2. The second dressing is carried out during flowering.
3. The third time you need to feed the currant during the formation of the ovary.
4. The fourth dressing is recommended after harvest.
5. The fifth top dressing on blackcurrant is carried out about a month before the onset of stable cold weather.

Foliar top dressing currants

Foliar top dressing - spraying on the leaf with weak nutrient solutions - contribute to the absorption of fertilizers directly by currant leaf blades. Thus, the plants receive nutrition as quickly as possible. The amount of fertilizer in this case must be reduced by a factor of three to avoid burns of the leaf blades.

Root top dressing currants

For root dressings on currants, both dry fertilizers and those dissolved in water can be applied. When dry fertilizers are applied, they first dissolve in the soil, penetrate to the roots with irrigation water or rain, where they are absorbed in a form available to plants. Watering the bite zone with fertilizers dissolved in water allows nutrients to quickly penetrate to the roots of currant plants and be absorbed by them.

You should not use only one type of currant top dressing. It is better to alternate root and foliar, dry and liquid dressings and use them at different times of the year.

• In the spring, when there is a lot of moisture in the soil, currants can be fed with dry fertilizers. For example, when planting currant plants, mix fertilizers with soil in the planting hole.
• In the summer, foliar spraying can be carried out on the foliage in the morning or evening hours.
• In autumn, when moisture can be relatively low, it is better to apply fertilizers dissolved in water.

How to feed currants

You can feed any currant with mineral and organic fertilizers.

1. Usually I spend the very first top dressing using a complex mineral fertilizer, which must contain nitrogen.
2. The second top dressing can also be carried out with fertilizer with the presence of nitrogen in it. However, it should be in the composition a little or not be at all.
3. Subsequent top dressing should be carried out with fertilizers that do not contain nitrogen. Nitrogen stimulates the growth of shoots, and this can also negatively affect the crop - there will be active growth, and there will be few inflorescences - and on winter hardiness, the shoots simply do not have time to ripen and freeze in winter.

Photo: Buisky fertilizers for summer and autumn top dressing of fruit and berry and other crops

Fertilizing currants with mineral fertilizers

1. In the spring for the first top dressing, you can use dry nitroammophoska:

• 10-15 g under a blackcurrant bush,
• 8-10 g per bush of currant.

2. The second top dressing (during the flowering period) can be carried out using phosphorus-potassium fertilizers

• 8-10 g of potassium sulfate or 10-12 g of superphosphate in dissolved form under a bush,
• or by processing leaf blades, having previously reduced the dose of fertilizers by 3 times.

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Rotten manure for top dressing

1. Manure must be diluted 5 times before application. Before this, the manure should well pereprete (reach).
2. If the manure is fresh, then first you need to fill it with water in an equal volume and let it brew for 3-4 days.
3. Then it must be diluted 10 times with water.

When watering, they spend 1 bucket per adult bush or 1/2 per young one.

Bird droppings for feeding

• Bird droppings are good, but very active fertilizer.
• It must be diluted 12 times with water.
• Consumption: under an adult bush, 1 bucket, and under a young one - 1/2.

Compost and humus for top dressing

• Compost or humus does not contain nitrogen, so they can be used at least the entire summer period.
• It is convenient to mulch the soil near the currant bushes with compost and humus after watering or loosening, with a layer of 1 cm.

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Feeding currants with folk remedies

For feeding currants, you can also use the so-called. "folk" recipes. They are usually used as an addition to organo-mineral fertilizers and cannot serve as full-fledged top dressing.

Feeding currants with potato peels

The use of starch, which is abundant in potato peels, is acceptable. However, one should not think that starch is especially useful for plants. Yes, it is used, but it is poorly absorbed.

How to cook potato peels for top dressing

From potato peels for starch top dressing, you can make a simple infusion.

1. Any number of potato peels must be poured with the same amount of water.
2. Let it brew for 1.5 months.
3. After this period, the infusion should be diluted 10 times with water.

When watering with infusion of currants, they spend 1 bucket per bush during the formation of berries.

Feeding currants with potato peels (video)

How to prepare starch for feeding

If it is inconvenient to collect potato peelings, for a long time and there is nowhere to store, you can use ordinary store starch.

1. A pack of starch with a volume of 200 g must be diluted in 5 liters of water.
2. Boil and cool.
3. Dissolve the resulting "jelly" in 1 bucket of water.

Spend 2 liters per black currant bush and 3 liters per colored currant bush during the flowering period.

Fertilizing currants with bread

Very often bread crusts remain in the house. Few people know that this is an excellent summer fertilizer for currants.

• It is enough to pour the crusts of bread with water in an equal volume with them.
• Let it brew for 10-12 days.
• Then dilute with water 10 times and strain.

Bread top dressing is especially fond of currants. But black is almost indifferent to her.

After a generous harvest is taken from the front garden, the actual question becomes before the gardener: what should be the care of currants after harvesting? And is there a need to fertilize the soil. First of all, if you want to harvest delicious fruits in abundance next year, take care of the shrubs from the fall. But what should be the care and consider below.

Choosing a fertilizer

So, how to feed currants after harvesting. Carrying out such a procedure in the fall is very important. After all, it largely depends on her how the plant will overwinter and whether it will be able to please with a rich harvest next year. As a rule, after the crop is harvested, organic matter and mineral supplements are applied.

From mineral fertilizers, preference should be given to potash and phosphorus substances. Such components help to fully mature the wood and prepare it for the upcoming winter.

It is worth noting that the shrub does not need a nitrogen supplement after picking berries. The fact is that the task of this type of fertilizer is to help form the green mass on the crop, and when the fruits are removed, then, accordingly, the growth of greenery becomes irrelevant.

• urea;
• superphosphate;
• wood ash;
• potassium;
• mullein;
• compost;
• rotted humus or bird droppings;
• peat.

All of the above substances will become indispensable for fertilizing the soil where currants grow. It should be noted that gardeners recommend making so-called mixers from the above components.

The resulting mixture is able to properly nourish the root system and prepare the currant bush for wintering, as well as for the next vegetative period.

Alternative top dressings

As already described above, this is one of the most important procedures that affects the further development of culture.

But, in addition to autumn, spring, and summer top dressing, there is another tricky method that helps stretch the process of obtaining fertilizers by shrubs for the entire growing season.

This method is considered the safest and makes it possible to nourish red and black currants in a natural way. Moreover, this method is also absolutely safe. In order to annually harvest a good harvest from the currant plot, experienced gardeners recommend planting green manure next to the bushes.

And to get the maximum benefit from green manure, plant the following crops:

• bean culture;
• bean varieties;
• peas.

In the event that you just need to improve the quality of the land in the front garden, then the following crops are perfect for these purposes:

• mouse peas;
• lupine;
• rape.

All of the above plants have one thing in common: they are able to take a huge amount of nitrogen from the air and, by binding it, saturate the soil. And as you know, nitrogen is a unique component that contributes to the formation of green mass.

It is worth noting that some summer residents prefer the method of cutting green manure before flowering, so that next year there are no problems with weeds. But in this case, you can do it the other way: just harvest legumes and peas, and cut the tops by the end of August.

At the same time, do not rush to throw away the tops, you can send it to the compost, after finely chopping it. Or use it as mulch.

How to process currants after fruiting? Another unique way to feed this crop immediately after flowering is to use potato peels.

To prepare such top dressing, you will need to take potato peelings or last year's tubers, finely chop and pour warm water for a day.

Then, along the perimeter of the near-stem trunk, dig a shallow groove and pour the prepared mixture. For such top dressing, your culture will surely thank you with a good harvest of large fruits.

It is worth noting that it is slightly different from the black variety. The fact is that blackcurrant culture requires several times more nutrients, since it has more yield. It is for this reason that blackcurrant care should be carried out carefully.

After harvesting the berries, you need to thoroughly water the soil around the bush, and then apply top dressing. It is necessary to take care of fertilizers at least three weeks before the onset of the first frost.

It is worth emphasizing that if the currant shrub is mulched with rotted humus, then the culture will not only winter well, but will also be additionally nourished with all the useful components, and with the onset of spring it will please with a good harvest.

Precautionary measures

Above, we looked at how to care for currants, which she pleased with a good harvest. But with all of the above, attention should be paid to one very important point.

In order for your currant bushes to bear fruit well, they are regularly fed, but in moderation.

If you plan to treat the culture with preparations containing nitrogen, such agents must be applied strictly according to the instructions. Otherwise, your currant bushes will become more vulnerable to various defects of fungal origin.

Moreover, nitrogen substances are very dangerous for the crop after harvest. Such drugs stimulate the growth of green mass, as a result, the culture is not able to prepare for the winter rest period, which can lead to the freezing of the bush.

In general, if you plan to process currants, regardless of which tool you plan to use, always read the instructions first. This is the only way you will save blackcurrant from negative consequences.

Conclusion

So, how to fertilize currant bushes after harvesting, and whether this procedure is necessary, we examined in detail above.

It remains to be added that the next vegetative period depends on the timely application of top dressing. It is for this reason that currant processing after harvest is very important.

How and with what is the currant fed after harvest?

At first glance, an absolutely unpretentious plant. It does not require special conditions for its cultivation. For blackcurrant, a sunny area, loose fertile soil and a sufficient amount of moisture are enough. It would seem that's all. Brings large berries every year. But, if you are not very concerned about the care and feeding of currants, then over time disappointments may arise.

Necessary top dressing of currants in spring

Before you decide to plant currant bushes on your site, you will need to prepare the soil. Currants do not do well in acidic soil. It is necessary to add lime to the soil and dig it up.

Fertilizers that are applied before planting the plant will provide the necessary elements and nutrition for about 2 years. After that, it is necessary to make additional portions of minerals and dressings.

Top dressing of blackcurrant begins in the spring, when the leaves are just beginning to bloom. It is necessary to apply nitrogen fertilizers to the soil. If the plant is young enough 50 g of urea. It is necessary to dig the soil around the bush shallowly. This will give the necessary impetus for the formation of the plant and fruiting. With the age of the currant, the amount of fertilizer will need to be reduced.

If your plant has leaves affected by anthracnose (bumpy swellings of a reddish color), you should treat them with a solution of polychoma. Dilute in 10 liters of water 40 g.

How to feed currants during flowering?

When the currant bush blooms and future berries are already beginning to be tied, the plant needs abundant watering. It is good to fertilize currants during this period. For this purpose, you will need bird droppings or a solution of mullein.

• Nitrogen supplements. Bird droppings 1 part diluted in 10 parts of water. After infusion, we bring it under the plant in this way: make a furrow to the depth of the chopper along the perimeter of the currant crown. Pour a recess in a circle and sprinkle with earth. It is better to carry out this manipulation after rain or after abundant watering.
  Nitrogen top dressing allows the currant to actively give new shoots, the plant becomes strong, the leaves are large and the harvest is richer.
• Complex fertilizers. After the currant has faded and the fruits have formed, the plant should be fed. The need for phosphorus and potassium increases. Complex fertilizers are well suited for this purpose.

See also: Melon Kolkhoznitsa - a healing delicacy

Feeding currants after harvest

Before you start feeding currants, you should carefully examine the plant. During this period, mites and aphids can settle on the shoots. If there are any, treat the bush with a solution of karbofos (70 g per 10 liters of water).

Fertilizing currants in the fall is extremely important, since it is during this period that flower buds are laid.

In autumn, the plant must be fed and prepared for wintering. Under each bush make organic top dressing. If you have rotted manure, you need to spread it within a radius of 50 cm from the center of the bush. Dust everything with ash. Under one plant, 200 g will be enough. And evenly distribute about 100 g of superphosphate over the surface. Then you should carefully dig everything up, but so as not to damage the roots. Top can be mulched with humus.

If autumn promises to be dry, then the currants must be watered abundantly so that the earth is soaked to a depth of at least 50 cm.

Of course, the amount of fertilizer applied will also depend on the composition of the soil on the site. The poorer the land, the more enrichment will be required.

Alternative top dressing of currants

Some plants themselves are fertilizer for others. In order not to look for bird droppings and not to make grooves, you can do this: in the spring, plant peas, vetch, lupins between the beds and bushes. With the onset of autumn, you will need to dig up all these plants with the ground, evenly distributing them under the currant bushes.

Experienced gardeners carry out additional feeding of currants in a slightly different way. A solution is prepared: 5 g of potassium permanganate, 3 g of boric acid, 40 g of copper sulfate. Everything is mixed in 10 liters of water and the bush is sprayed.

• Potato peelings. If you do not have animals to feed them, then the advice is simple. Soak the cleanings in water, and then lay them in a furrow made near the currant bush. You can sprinkle about 10 g of urea on top. Be sure that the berries will be large and juicy.
• Bread leftovers. You can soak bread in water with grass and bring it under a bush into an earthen furrow. Pre-let the whole mass stand and ferment. Yeast releases carbon dioxide, which is also needed by plants.

See also: Photo, planting and caring for common barberry

By caring for currants in your area, you are taking a step towards your health. Currant is a source of vitamins. It doesn't matter if you use it fresh, make jam, bake pies or drink tea brewed with fragrant leaves.

In July-August, buds are laid on the currant for the next year, so be sure to take the time to care for the bushes. Pruning, watering, loosening, top dressing, protection against diseases and pests will allow you to maintain plant health for a long time.

Currants after harvesting sometimes do not look very pretty: old branches stick out in different directions, green leaves alternate with yellowing ones, shoots gnawed by pests are visible in some places. And if you also didn’t stand on ceremony with the branches while picking berries, the picture can be quite sad. Therefore, take the time for several procedures that will restore currant strength and attractive appearance.

Some summer residents confuse caring for currants after harvesting with the autumn preparation of bushes for the winter period. But it's too early for this event. Rather, this stage can be considered the beginning of the preparation of currants for winter. And in no case is it recommended to skip it so that the plant has time to accumulate nutrients before a long hibernation.

Let's take a closer look at all the activities that red, white and black currants need after harvest.

Pruning currants after harvest

As soon as fruiting is over, and all the berries are removed, currant bushes require sanitary pruning. Make it better with a sharp pruner. First, cut off diseased, damaged and old thick shoots (they are brown, with a bloom) that will no longer bloom next year. Also cut out all the extra basal shoots inside the bush, they only thicken it, and too low-lying branches lying on the ground. Shorten powerful annual shoots by 5-8 cm.

As soon as the plant gets rid of the ballast in the form of unnecessary branches, it will direct all its forces to the laying of the kidneys. So, subject to all other procedures, a rich harvest will not keep you waiting!

The thicker the bush, the fewer berries on it. Therefore, do not neglect regular pruning of currants.

With pruning shoots, everything is clear, but what to do with the leaves? In blackcurrants, they can be cut off on their own, especially if they are affected by diseases. Usually this is done in the fall. But on the red leaves must fall off themselves, otherwise the plant will experience stress.

If good branches remain after cutting the currant, cut them into cuttings and use for propagation. And add healthy leaves to marinades and pickles.

Watering currants after harvest

Berry bushes need moisture to properly bud and then overwinter well. After cutting off excess branches and shoots, water the bushes with warm fresh water. Pour 1-2 buckets under red currants, 3-4 buckets for black currants. The next watering will be only in the fall, before preparing for wintering.

Black currants require more abundant watering than red and white currants. its root system is located close to the surface of the earth.

Loosening the soil under currant bushes

It is also advisable to loosen the soil under the currant bushes in order to increase the access of oxygen to the roots. It is not necessary to loosen deeply, just lightly walk with a chopper or hoe on the soil crust, remove weeds. Try to avoid the area near the trunk itself so as not to touch the roots. And to make it easier to feed in the future, make small grooves.

Due to loosening, it will not be so comfortable for pests to arrange nests in the soil for the winter.

Feeding currants after harvest

By the end of July, the soil is already very depleted, so black, white and red currants need to be fed after harvest. To do this, it is worth using mineral fertilizers and organics, and if the bushes look tired, they additionally carry out anti-stress treatment.

How to process currants after harvest? First of all, dissolve 1 tbsp. superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a bucket of water, add 1 cup of wood ash there and pour this mixture under each bush.

All types of currants are very fond of phosphorus, but they cannot tolerate chlorine, especially red currants. Therefore, top dressing with potassium chloride in the composition is better not to make.

Then prepare organic fertilizer: dilute bird droppings (1:12) or mullein (1:6) with water - and in a week the top dressing will be ready. To feed the bushes, add 0.5 liters of manure infusion or 1 liter of mullein infusion to a bucket of water. The liquid should be poured into the special grooves that you prepared during loosening. If there is no time to prepare infusions, add 1 bucket of compost under each currant bush.

From folk remedies, feeding with potato peels has proven itself well, a couple of handfuls of which you can simply dig around the perimeter of the bush. As well as fishmeal and scales (400 g per bush), which contain phosphorus, beloved by currants.

How to feed an exhausted currant bush

If the bushes bear fruit abundantly and are very depleted, feed them with complex mineral fertilizer according to the instructions, for example, nitrophoska. Spray the leaves with Zircon, which will relieve stress in plants and help them survive the unfavorable period. Often the currant suffers from chlorosis, its leaves begin to turn yellow, so it is worth feeding it with nitrogen: 1 tbsp. urea per 10 liters of water.

Processing currants after harvest from pests and diseases

Even outwardly healthy bushes require treatment from pests and diseases. And now this must be done, because for at least 3 weeks the plants have been without protection, while you were waiting for the harvest and did not spray them with anything!

To protect against fungal diseases, use a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid or fungicidal preparations (Topaz, Fundazol). If there are signs of powdery mildew, spotting, etc., the treatment is carried out again 7-10 days after the first one, or as indicated in the instructions for the preparation.

To drive out colonies of pests that you found while harvesting, use insecticides 5 days after spraying with fungicides:

• from currant midge- Lepidocide, Bitobaxibacillin, Kinmiks, etc.;
• from kidney mites- Kleschevit, Karbofos and others;
• from a glass case- Fitoverm, Lepidocid, Iskra, Aktara, etc.;
• from aphids– Kinmiks, Fufanon, Iskra, etc.

If there are no signs of the appearance of insects, then treatment with Bordeaux liquid will be sufficient and additional spraying is not necessary. To disinfect the soil, you can shed it with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

Then mulch the trunk circle with straw or sawdust, which will retain moisture in the soil and protect the plant roots from overheating.

To reduce the number of treatments required, grow varieties that are resistant to diseases and pests. For example, blackcurrant Vernissage, Emerald necklace, red - Ural beauty, Red Dutch, white - Imperial yellow or Pink pearls.

Currants after harvesting need care, and you already know what to do to keep your favorite bushes healthy. After all the procedures described in the fall, before the start of frost, clear the soil under the bushes from leaves and weeds. Sprinkle fresh soil to protect the roots. And after the first frosts, when the snow stops melting, tie the bushes with twine in a spiral and wrap them with burlap, matting or spunbond.